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MAX4512
User Manual
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MAXIM MAX4511, MAX4512, MAX4513 User Manual

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General Description
The MAX4511/MAX4512/MAX4513 are quad, single­pole/single-throw (SPST), fault-protected analog switch­es. They are pin-compatible with the industry-standard nonprotected DG201/DG202/DG213. These new switch­es feature fault-protected inputs and Rail-to-Rail®signal handling capability. The normally open (NO_) and normally closed (NC_) terminals are protected from overvoltage faults up to 36V during power-up or power-down. During a fault condition, the NO_ or NC_ terminal becomes an open circuit and only nanoamperes of leakage current flow from the source, but the switch output (COM_) furnishes up to 10mA of the appropriate polarity supply voltage to the load. This ensures unam­biguous rail-to-rail outputs when a fault begins and ends.
On-resistance is 175Ω max and is matched between switches to 10Ω max. The off-leakage current is only
0.5nA at +25°C and 10nA at +85°C.
The MAX4511 has four normally closed switches. The MAX4512 has four normally open switches. The MAX4513 has two normally closed and two normally open switches.
These CMOS switches can operate with dual power supplies ranging from ±4.5V to ±18V or a single supply between +9V and +36V.
All digital inputs have +0.8V and +2.4V logic thresh­olds, ensuring both TTL- and CMOS-logic compatibility when using ±15V or a single +12V supply.
Applications
Features
♦ ±40V Fault Protection with Power Off
±36V Fault Protection with ±15V Supplies
♦ All Switches Off with Power Off
♦ Rail-to-Rail Signal Handling
♦ Output Clamped to Appropriate Supply Voltage
During Fault Condition; No Transition Glitch
♦ 175Ω max Signal Paths with ±15V Supplies
♦ No Power-Supply Sequencing Required
♦ ±4.5V to ±18V Dual Supplies
+9V to +36V Single Supply
♦ Low Power Consumption, <2mW
♦ Four Separately Controlled SPST Switches
♦ Pin-Compatible with Industry-Standard
DG411/DG412/DG413, DG201/DG202/DG213
♦ TTL- and CMOS-Compatible Logic Inputs with
Single +9V to +15V or ±15V Supplies
For free samples & the latest literature: http://www.maxim-ic.com, or phone 1-800-998-8800. For small orders, phone 408-737-7600 ext. 3468.
MAX4511/MAX4512/MAX4513
Quad, Rail-to-Rail, Fault-Protected,
SPST Analog Switches
________________________________________________________________ Maxim Integrated Products 1
19-4760; Rev 1; 8/02
Ordering Information continued at end of data sheet.
*Contact factory for dice specifications.
Rail-to-Rail is a registered trademark of Nippon Motorola, Ltd.
Ordering Information
PART TEMP RANGE PIN-PACKAGE
MAX4511C/D 0°C to +70°C Dice*
MAX4511CPE
0°C to +70°C 16 Plastic DIP
MAX4511CSE 0°C to +70°C 16 Narrow SO
Continued at end of data sheet.
MAX4511EPE -40°C to +85°C 16 Plastic DIP
MAX4511MJE -55°C to +125°C 16 CERDIP
MAX4511ESE -40°C to +85°C 16 Narrow SO
Pin Configurations/
Functional Diagrams/Truth Tables
ATE Equipment
Data Acquisition
Industrial and Process­Control Systems
Avionics
Redundant/Backup Systems
MAX4511CUE 0°C to +70°C 16 TSSOP
MAX4511EUE -40°C to +85°C 16 TSSOP
TOP VIEW
N.C. = NOT CONNECTED SWITCHES SHOWN FOR LOGIC "0" INPUT. ALL SWITCHES ARE OFF WITH POWER REMOVED.
1
IN1
2
COM1
NC1
3
V-
4
5
GND
6
NC4
7
COM4
8
IN4
DIP/SO/TSSOP
MAX4511
MAX4511
LOGIC SWITCH
0 1
ON
OFF
16
IN2
COM2
15
NC2
14
13
V+
N.C.
12
11
NC3
10
COM3
9
IN3
MAX4511/MAX4512/MAX4513
Quad, Rail-to-Rail, Fault-Protected, SPST Analog Switches
2 _______________________________________________________________________________________
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS—Dual Supplies
(
V+ = +15V, V- = -15V, GND = 0V, TA =T
MIN
to T
MAX
, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at TA= +25°C.)
Stresses beyond those listed under “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated in the operational sections of the specifications is not implied. Exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability.
Note 1: COM_ and IN_ pins are not fault protected. Signals on COM_ or IN_ exceeding V+ or V- are clamped by internal diodes.
Limit forward diode current to maximum current rating.
Note 2: NC_ and NO_ pins are fault protected. Signals on NC_ or NO_ exceeding -36V to +36V may damage the device. These
limits apply with power applied to V+ or V-, or ±40V with V+ = V- = 0.
(Voltages Referenced to GND)
V+ ........................................................................-0.3V to +44.0V
V- .........................................................................-44.0V to +0.3V
V+ to V-................................................................-0.3V to +44.0V
COM_, IN_ (Note 1) ..............................(V- - 0.3V) to (V+ + 0.3V)
NC_, NO_ (Note 2)..................................(V+ - 36V) to (V- + 36V)
NC_, NO_ to COM_ .................................................-36V to +36V
Continuous Current into Any Terminal..............................±30mA
Peak Current into Any Terminal
(pulsed at 1ms, 10% duty cycle)...................................±50mA
Continuous Power Dissipation (T
A
= +70°C) (Note 2)
Plastic DIP (derate 10.53mW/°C above +70°C) ...........842mW
Narrow SO (derate 8.70mW/°C above +70°C) .............696mW
TSSOP (derate 9.4mW/°C above +70°C) ..................754.7mW
CERDIP (derate 10.00mW/°C above +70°C)................800mW
Operating Temperature Ranges
MAX451_C_ E ......................................................0°C to +70°C
MAX451_E_ E ...................................................-40°C to +85°C
MAX451_MJE .................................................-55°C to +125°C
Storage Temperature Range .............................-65°C to +150°C
Lead Temperature (soldering, 10s) .................................+300°C
Applies with power on or off (Note 2)
V
COM_
= ±14V;
V
NO_,VCOM
= 14V
V
COM_
= ±10V, I
COM_
= 1mA
V
COM_
= ±10V, I
COM_
= 1mA
CONDITIONS
C, E, M
-20 20
nAI
COM_(OFF)
-0.5 0.01 0.5
V-36 36V
NO_
, V
NC_
Fault-Protected Analog Signal Range
∆R
ON
COM_ -NO_ or COM_ -NC_ On-Resistance Match Between Channels (Note 4)
Ω
250
R
ON
COM_ -NO_ or COM_ -NC_ On-Resistance
125 160
UNITS
MIN TYP MAX
(Note 3)
SYMBOLPARAMETER
C, E
+25°C
+25°C
+25°C
T
A
Applies with power on or off (Note 2)
C, E, M VV- V+V
NO_
, V
NC_
Fault-Free Analog Signal Range
M
36
Ω
15M
Applies with power on or off (Note 1)
C, E, M VV- - 0.3 V+ + 0.3V
COM_
Non-Protected Analog Signal Range (COM_ Output)
ANALOG SWITCH
200C, E
C, E 10
COM_ Off Leakage Current (Note 5)
V
COM_
= ±14V;
V
NO_,VCOM
= 14V
NO_ or NC_ Off Leakage Current (Note 5)
nA
I
NO_(OFF),
I
NC_(OFF)
-0.5 0.01 0.5+25°C
-10 10C, E
-200 200M
±
-10 10C, E
-200 200M
V
COM_
= ±14V nAI
COM_(ON)
COM_ On Leakage Current (Note 5)
-0.5 0.01 0.5+25°C
-400 400M
±
MAX4511/MAX4512/MAX4513
Quad, Rail-to-Rail, Fault-Protected,
SPST Analog Switches
_______________________________________________________________________________________ 3
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS—Dual Supplies (continued)
(
V+ = +15V, V- = -15V, GND = 0V, TA =T
MIN
to T
MAX
, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at TA= +25°C.)
V
NO_
or VNC_ = ±33V
V
NO_
or VNC_ = ±33V
CONDITIONS
+25°C
t
ON
Turn-On Time
600
kΩR
COM_
COM_ On Output Resistance, Supplies On
1 2.5
nA
-10 10
I
COM_
COM_ Output Leakage Current, Supplies On
UNITS
MIN TYP MAX
(Note 3)
SYMBOLPARAMETER
+25°C
+25°C
T
A
V
NO_
or VNC_ = 33V
mAI
COM_
COM_ On Output Current, Supplies On
81113
+25°C
V
NO_
or VNC_ = ±40V,
V+ = 0, V- = 0
µA-10 10
I
NO_
, I
NC_
NO_ or NC_ Input Leakage Current, Supplies Off
M
nA
-200 200
+25°C
M -1 1 µA
1.9 2.4 VV
IN_H
IN_ Input Logic Threshold High C, E, M
900M
V
COM_
= ±10V, RL_= 2kΩ,
Figure 3
nst
BBM
Break-Before-Make Time Delay (MAX4513 Only)
50 100+25°C
-1 0.03 1
VIN_ = 0.8V or 2.4V µAI
INH
_, I
INL
IN_ Input Current Logic High or Low
+25°C
C, E -200 200
C, E
V
NO_
or VNC_ = -33V
-12 -10 -7
C, E, M
C, E, M -5 5
C, E
350 500
V
COM_
= ±10V, RL_= 2kΩ,
Figure 2
ns
t
OFF
Turn-Off Time 500C, E
750M
200 400
V
COM_
= ±10V, RL_= 2kΩ,
Figure 2
ns
+25°C
3
V
NO_
or VNC_ = ±25V,
V
COM_
= 10V
µA-10 10
I
NO_
, I
NC_
NO_ or NC_ Off Input Leakage Current, Supplies On
M
nA
-200 200
+25°C
C, E
-20 20
-20 0.1 20
±
SWITCH DYNAMIC CHARAC-
CL= 1.0nF, V
NO_
= 0,
R
S
= 0Ω, Figure 4
pCQCharge Injection (Note 6) 1.5 5+25°C
f = 1MHz, Figure 5 pFC
N_(OFF)
NO_ or NC_ Off-Capacitance 10+25°C
f = 1MHz, Figure 5 pFC
COM_(OFF)
COM_ Off-Capacitance 5+25°C
f = 1MHz, Figure 5 pFC
COM_(ON)
COM_ On-Capacitance 10+25°C
LOGIC INPUT
RL= 50Ω, CL= 15pF, VN_= 1V
RMS
, f = 1MHz, Figure 6
dBVC
ISO
Off Isolation (Note 7) -62+25°C
RL= 50Ω, CL= 15pF, V
N_
= 1V
RMS
, f = 1MHz, Figure 6
dBV
CT
Channel-to-Channel Crosstalk (Note 9)
-66+25°C
0.8 1.9 VV
IN_L
IN_ Input Logic Threshold Low C, E, M
FAULT (V+ = +15V, V- = -15V, unless otherwise noted.)
LOGIC INPUT
SWITCH DYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS
All V
IN_
= 0 or 15V
MAX4511/MAX4512/MAX4513
Quad, Rail-to-Rail, Fault-Protected, SPST Analog Switches
4 _______________________________________________________________________________________
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS—Dual Supplies (continued)
(
V+ = +15V, V- = -15V, GND = 0V, T
A
=
T
MIN
to T
MAX
, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at TA= +25°C.)
CONDITIONS UNITS
MIN TYP MAX
(Note 3)
SYMBOLPARAMETER T
A
Power-Supply Range V+, V- C,E, M ±4.5 ±18 V
V+ Supply Current I+ All V
IN_
= 0 or 5V
+25°C 280 400
µA
V- Supply Current I- All V
IN_
= 0 or 5V
+25°C 90 200
µA
GND Supply Current I
GND
All V
IN_
= 0 or 15V
+25°C -1 0.01 1
µA
600C, E, M
C, E, M 300
C, E, M 10
+25°C 150 250
µA
C, E, M 450
All V
IN_
= 5V
POWER SUPPLY
MAX4511/MAX4512/MAX4513
Quad, Rail-to-Rail, Fault-Protected,
SPST Analog Switches
_______________________________________________________________________________________ 5
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS—Single +12V Supply
(V+ = +10.8V to +13.2V, V- = 0, TA= T
MIN
to T
MAX
, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at TA= +25°C.)
Applies with power on or off (Note 2)
C, E, M V
Applies with power on or off (Note 2)
0V+V
NO_
, V
NC_
Fault-Free Analog Signal Range
V+ = 12V; V
COM _
= 0;
V
NO_
, V
NC_
= 12V
V+ = 12V, V
COM_
= 10V,
I
COM_
= 1mA
V+ = 12V, V
COM_
= 10V,
I
COM_
= 1mA
M
20
CONDITIONS
C, E, M
Applies with power on or off (Note 1)
C, E, M V-0.3 V+ + 0.3V
COM_
Non-Protected Analog Signal Range (COM_ Output)
V+ = 12V; V
COM_
= 10V;
V
NO_
, V
NC
= 0 or 12V
nA
Ω
I
ON_(OFF),
I
NC_(OFF)
30M
NO_ or NC_ Off Leakage Current (Notes 5, 9)
-0.5 0.01 0.5+25°C
nAI
COM_(OFF)
COM_ Off Leakage Current (Notes 5, 9)
-0.5 0.01 0.5
V-36 36V
NO_
, V
NC_
Fault-Protected Analog Signal Range
∆R
ON
COM_ -NO_ or COM_ -NC_ On-Resistance Match Between Channels (Note 4)
Ω
525
R
ON
COM_ -NO_ or COM_ -NC_ On-Resistance
UNITS
MIN TYP MAX
(Note 3)
SYMBOLPARAMETER
+25°C
C, E
C, E
T
A
+25°C
+25°C 410
260 390
450
-10 10C, E
M -200 200
-10 10C, E
-200 200M
V+ = 12V, V
COM_
= 10V or 12V
-20 20C, E nAI
COM_(ON)
COM_ On Leakage Current (Notes 5, 9)
-400 400M
-0.5 0.01 0.5+25°C
V
NO_
or VNC_ = ±25V,
V
COM_
= 0, V+ = 12V
-200 200C, E
nA
I
NO_
, I
NC_
NO_ or NC_ Off Input Leakage Current, Supply On
-10 10M
-20 20+25°C
V
NO_
or VNC_ = ±40V,
V+ = 0, V- = 0
-200 200C, E
nA
I
NO_
, I
NC_
NO_ or NC_ Input Leakage Current, Supply Off
-10 10M
-20 0.1 20+25°C
V
NO_
or VNC_ = 25V,
V+ = 12V
235mAI
COM_
COM_ Output Current, Supply On
+25°C
V
NO_
or VNC_ = 10V
V+ = 12V
kΩR
COM_
COM_ Output Resistance, Supply On
2.4 5+25°C
µA
µA
V
NO_
or VNC_ = ±30V,
V+ = 12V
-200 200C, E
nA
I
COM_
COM_ Output Leakage Current, Supply On
-1 1M
-10 10+25°C
µA
FAULT
ANALOG SWITCH
µA
MAX4511/MAX4512/MAX4513
Quad, Rail-to-Rail, Fault-Protected, SPST Analog Switches
6 _______________________________________________________________________________________
Note 1: COM_ and IN_ pins are not fault protected. Signals on COM_ or IN_ exceeding V+ or V- are clamped by internal diodes.
Limit forward diode current to maximum current rating.
Note 2: NC_ and NO_ pins are fault protected. Signals on NC_ or NO_ exceeding -36V to +36V may damage the device. These
limits apply with power applied to V+ or V-, or ±40V with V+ = V- = 0.
Note 3: The algebraic convention is used in this data sheet; the most negative value is shown in the minimum column. Note 4: ∆R
ON
= ∆R
ON(MAX)
- ∆R
ON(MIN)
.
Note 5: Leakage parameters are 100% tested at maximum rated hot temperature and guaranteed by correlation at T
A
= +25°C.
Note 6: Guaranteed by design. Note 7: Off isolation = 20 log10 [ V
COM_
/ (V
NC_
or V
NO_
) ], V
COM_
= output, V
NC_
or V
NO_
= input to off switch.
Note 8: Between any two switches. Note 9: Leakage testing for single-supply operation is guaranteed by testing with dual supplies.
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS—Single +12V Supply (continued)
(V+ = +10.8V to +13.2V, V- = 0, TA= T
MIN
to T
MAX
, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at TA= +25°C.)
V
COM_
= 10V, RL_= 2kΩ,
Figure 2
CONDITIONS
V
COM_
= 10V, RL_= 2kΩ,
Figure 3
nst
ON
Turn-On Time
1.8 2.4
500 1000
VV
IN_H
IN_ Input Logic Threshold High C, E, M
0.8 1.8 VV
IN_L
IN_ Input Logic Threshold Low C, E, M
V
COM_
= 10V, RL_= 2kΩ,
Figure 2
ns
-1 0.03 1
t
OFF
Turn-Off Time
400 900
ns
+25°C
t
BBM
Break-Before-Make Time Delay (MAX4513 Only)
50 100+25°C
VIN_ = 0.8V or 2.4V µAI
IN_H
, I
IN_L
UNITS
MIN TYP MAX
(Note 3)
SYMBOLPARAMETER
IN_ Input Current Logic High or Low
+25°C
+25°C
T
A
LOGIC INPUT
C, E, M -5 5
C, E, M
C, E, M 1500
1200
CL= 1.0nF, V
NO_
= 0,
RS= 0Ω, Figure 4
pCQCharge Injection (Note 6) 15+25°C
f = 1MHz, Figure 5 pFC
N_ (OFF)
NO_ or NC_ Off Capacitance 9+25°C
V
COM_
= GND, f = 1MHz,
Figure 5
pFC
COM_ (OFF)
COM_ Off Capacitance 9+25°C
V
COM_
= V
NO_
= GND,
f = 1MHz, Figure 5
pFC
COM_ (ON)
COM_ On Capacitance 22+25°C
RL= 50Ω, CL= 15pF, VN_= 1V
RMS
, f = 1MHz, Figure 6
dBV
ISO
Off Isolation (Note 7) -62+25°C
RL= 50Ω, CL= 15pF, V
N_
= 1V
RMS
, f = 1MHz, Figure 5
dBV
CT
Channel-to-Channel Crosstalk (Note 8)
-65+25°C
VV+Power-Supply Range 936C,E, M
All V
IN_
= 0 or 5V µAI+V+ Supply Current
150 300+25°C
All V
IN_
= 0 or 12V
I
GND
V- and GND Supply Current
50 100+25°C
All V
IN_
= 5V
µA
150 300+25°C
450C, E, M
C, E, M
C, E, M
200
450
SWITCH DYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS
POWER SUPPLY
MAX4511/MAX4512/MAX4513
Quad, Rail-to-Rail, Fault-Protected,
SPST Analog Switches
_______________________________________________________________________________________ 7
__________________________________________Typical Operating Characteristics
(TA = +25°C, unless otherwise noted.)
0
100
50
250
200
150
300
350
-20 -5 0-15 -10 5 10 15 20
SWITCH ON-RESISTANCE
vs. V
COM
(DUAL SUPPLIES)
MAX4511-01
V
COM
(V)
SWITCH ON-RESISTANCE (Ω)
V+ = +5V
V- = -5V
V+ = +10V
V- = -10V
V+ = +15V
V- = -15V
V+ = +12V
V- = -12V
V+ = +20V
V- = -20V
0
80
60
20
40
160
140
100
120
180
200
-15 -5 0-10 5 10 15
SWITCH ON-RESISTANCE vs. V
COM
AND
TEMPERATURE (DUAL SUPPLIES)
MAX4511-02
V
COM
(V)
SWITCH ON-RESISTANCE (Ω)
TA = +125°C
TA = -55°C
V+ = +15V
V- = -15V
TA = -40°C
TA = +25°C
TA = +85°C
1000
100
0 5 10 15 20 25 30
SWITCH ON-RESISTANCE
vs. V
COM
(SINGLE SUPPLY)
MA4511-03
V
COM
(V)
SWITCH ON-RESISITANCE (Ω)
V+ = +12V
V+ = +5V
V- = 0
V+ = +15V
V+ = +20V
V+ = +24V
V+ = +30V
0
50
200
150
100
300
350
250
400
0462 8 10 12
SWITCH ON-RESISTANCE vs. V
COM
AND TEMPERATURE (SINGLE SUPPLY)
MAX4511-04
V
COM
(V)
SWITCH ON-RESISTANCE (Ω)
TA = +125°C
TA = +85°C
TA = +25°C
TA = -40°C
TA = -55°C
V+ = +12V
0
300
200
100
700
800
600
500
400
900
1000
0 5 10 15 20
ON AND OFF TIMES
vs. SUPPLY VOLTAGE
MAX4511-07
SUPPLY VOLTAGE (±V)
t
ON
, t
OFF
(ns)
t
ON
(SINGLE SUPPLY)
t
ON
(DUAL SUPPLIES)
t
OFF
(DUAL SUPPLIES)
t
OFF
(SINGLE SUPPLY)
1p
10p
100p
1n
10n
100n
-50 0-25 25 50 75 100 125 150
I
D(ON)
, I
S(OFF)
, AND I
D(OFF)
LEAKAGES vs. TEMPERATURE
MAX4511-05
TEMPERATURE (°C)
LEAKAGE (A)
I
NO(OFF)
@V
NO
= -14V,
V
COM
= +14V
I
COM(ON)
@V
NO
= V
COM
= +14V
I
NO(OFF)
@V
NO
= +14V,
V
COM
= -14V
I
COM(OFF)
@V
NO
= -14V,
V
COM
=
+14V
I
COM(OFF)
@V
NO
= +14V,
V
COM
= -14V
I
COM(ON)
@V
NO
= V
COM
= -14V
0
2
8
10
6
4
12
14
-15 -10 -5 0 5 10 15
CHARGE INJECTION
vs. V
COM
(DUAL SUPPLIES)
MAX4511-06
V
COM
(V)
Q (pC)
DUAL ±15V
SUPPLIES
SINGLE +12V
SUPPLY
V+ = +15V V- = -15V
0
100
300
200
500
400
600
-50 0 25-25 50 75 100 125
ON AND OFF TIMES
vs. TEMPERATURE
MAX4511-08
TEMPERATURE (°C)
t
ON
, t
OFF
(ns)
t
ON
t
OFF
0
100
300
200
500
400
600
-50 0 25-25 50 75 100 125
POWER-SUPPLY CURRENT
vs. TEMPERATURE
MAX4511-09
TEMPERATURE (°C)
SUPPLY CURRENT
(µA)
I
V+
I
V-
I
GND
MAX4511/MAX4512/MAX4513
Quad, Rail-to-Rail, Fault-Protected, SPST Analog Switches
8 _______________________________________________________________________________________
Typical Operating Characteristics (continued)
(TA= +25°C, unless otherwise noted.)
0
-10
-20
-120
0.01 0.1 1 10 100 1000
FREQUENCY RESPONSE
-90
-100
-110
MAX186-14A
FREQUENCY (MHz)
LOSS (dB)
PHASE (DEGREES)
-70
-80
-50
-60
-30
-40
120 100 80
-120
-60
-80
-100
-20
-40
20 0
60 40
ON LOSS
OFF LOSS
ON PHASE
NAME FUNCTION
1, 16,
9, 8
IN1–IN4 Logic Control Digital Inputs
2, 15,
10, 7
COM1–
COM4
Analog Switch Common* Terminals
PIN
3, 14,
11, 6
NO1–NO4
or
NC1–NC4
Analog Switch Fault-Protected Normally Open* or Normally Closed* Terminals
4 V-
Negative Analog Supply Voltage Input. Connect to GND for single-supply operation.
13 V+
Positive Analog and Digital Supply-Voltage Input. Internally connected to substrate.
12 N.C. No Connection—not internally connected
5 GND
Ground. Connect to digital ground. (Analog signals have no ground reference.)
Pin Description
*As long as the voltage on NO_ or NC_ does not exceed V+ or V-, NO_ (or NC_) and COM_ pins are identical and interchange­able. Either may be considered as an input or output; signals pass equally well in either direction.
Detailed Description
Overview of Traditional
Fault-Protected Switches
The MAX4511/MAX4512/MAX4513 are fault-protected CMOS analog switches with unusual operation and construction. Traditional fault-protected switches are constructed by three series FETs. This produces good off characteristics, but fairly high on-resistance when the signals are within about 3V of each supply rail. As the voltage on one side of the switch approaches with­in about 3V of either supply rail (a fault condition), the switch impedance becomes higher, limiting the output signal range (on the protected side of the switch) to approximately 3V less than the appropriate polarity supply voltage.
During a fault condition, the output current that flows from the protected side of the switch into its load comes from the fault source on the other side of the switch. If the switch is open or the load is extremely high impedance, the input current will be very low. If the switch is on and the load is low impedance, enough current will flow from the source to maintain the load voltage at 3V less than the supply.
LOGIC-LEVEL THRESHOLD vs. V+
3.0
2.5
2.0
1.5
1.0
LOGIC-LEVEL THRESHOLD (V)
0.5
0
010155 20253035
V+ (V)
MAX4511-10
MAX4511/MAX4512/MAX4513
Quad, Rail-to-Rail, Fault-Protected,
SPST Analog Switches
_______________________________________________________________________________________ 9
Overview of MAX4511/MAX4512/MAX4513
The MAX4511/MAX4512/MAX4513 differ considerably from traditional fault-protection switches, with several advantages. First, they are constructed with two paral­lel FETs, allowing very low on-resistance when the switch is on. Second, they allow signals on the NC_ or NO_ pins that are within or slightly beyond the supply rails to be passed through the switch to the COM termi­nal, allowing rail-to-rail signal operation. Third, when a signal on NC_ or NO_ exceeds the supply rails by about 50mV (a fault condition), the voltage on COM_ is limited to the appropriate polarity supply voltage. Operation is identical for both fault polarities. The fault­protection extends to ±36V from GND.
During a fault condition, the NO_ or NC_ input pin becomes high impedance regardless of the switch state or load resistance. If the switch is on, the COM_ output current is furnished from the V+ or V- pin by “booster” FETs connected to each supply pin. These FETs can typically source or sink up to 10mA.
When power is removed, the fault protection is still in effect. In this case, the NO_ or NC_ terminals are a vir­tual open circuit. The fault can be up to ±40V.
The COM_ pins are not fault protected; they act as nor­mal CMOS switch pins. If a voltage source is connect­ed to any COM_ pin, it should be limited to the supply voltages. Exceeding the supply voltage will cause high currents to flow through the ESD protection diodes, possibly damaging the device (see Absolute Maximum Ratings).
Pin Compatibility
These switches have identical pinouts to common non­fault-protected CMOS switches. Care should be exer­cised in considering them for direct replacements in existing printed circuit boards, however, since only the NO_ and NC_ pins of each switch are fault protected.
Internal Construction
Internal construction is shown in Figure 1, with the ana­log signal paths shown in bold. A single normally open
Figure 1. Block Diagram
NORMALLY OPEN SWITCH CONSTRUCTION
V+
HIGH
FAULT
P2
P1
NO_
(NC_)
LOW
FAULT
IN_
GND
V-
-ESD DIODE NC SWITCH
ON
COM_
N1
N2
MAX4511/MAX4512/MAX4513
Quad, Rail-to-Rail, Fault-Protected, SPST Analog Switches
10 ______________________________________________________________________________________
(NO) switch is shown; the normally closed (NC) config­uration is identical except the logic-level translator becomes an inverter. The analog switch is formed by the parallel combination of N-channel FET N1 and P­channel FET P1, which are driven on and off simultane­ously according to the input fault condition and the logic-level state.
Normal Operation
Two comparators continuously compare the voltage on the NO_ (or NC_) pin with V+ and V-. When the signal on NO_ or NC_ is between V+ and V- the switch acts normally, with FETs N1 and P1 turning on and off in response to IN_ signals. The parallel combination of N1 and P1 forms a low-value resistor between NO_ (or NC_) and COM_ so that signals pass equally well in either direction.
Positive Fault Condition
When the signal on NO_ (or NC_) exceeds V+ by about 50mV, the high-fault comparator output is high, turning off FETs N1 and P1. This makes the NO_ (or NC_) pin high impedance regardless of the switch state. If the switch state is “off”, all FETs are turned off and both NO_ (or NC_) and COM_ are high impedance. If the switch state is “on”, FET P2 is turned on, sourcing cur­rent from V+ to COM_.
Negative Fault Condition
When the signal on NO_ (or NC_) exceeds V- by about 50mV, the low-fault comparator output is high, turning off FETs N1 and P1. This makes the NO_ (or NC_) pin high impedance regardless of the switch state. If the switch state is “off,” all FETs are turned off and both NO_ (or NC_) and COM_ are high impedance. If the switch state is “on,” FET N2 is turned on, sinking cur­rent from COM_ to V-.
Transient Fault Response and Recovery
When a fast rise-time and fall-time transient on IN_ exceeds V+ or V-, the output (COM_) follows the input (IN_) to the supply rail with only a few nanoseconds delay. This delay is due to the switch on-resistance and circuit capacitance to ground. When the input transient returns to within the supply rails, however, there is a longer output recovery time delay. For positive faults, the recovery time is typically 3.5µs. For negative faults, the recovery time is typically 1.3µs. These values depend on the COM_ output resistance and capacitance, and are not production tested or guaranteed. The delays are not dependent on the fault amplitude. Higher COM_ output resistance and capacitance increase recovery times.
COM_ and IN_ Pins
FETs N2 and P2 can source about ±10mA from V+ or V­to the COM_ pin in the fault condition. Ensure that if the COM_ pin is connected to a low-resistance load, the absolute maximum current rating of 30mA is never exceeded, both in normal and fault conditions.
The GND, COM_, and IN_ pins do not have fault protec­tion. Reverse ESD-protection diodes are internally con­nected between GND, COM_, IN_ and both V+ and V-. If a signal on GND, COM_, or IN_ exceeds V+ or V- by more than 300mV, one of these diodes will conduct heavily. During normal operation these reverse-biased ESD diodes leak a few nanoamps of current to V+ and V-.
Fault-Protection Voltage and Power Off
The maximum fault voltage on the NC_ or NO_ pins is ±36V with power applied and ±40V with power off.
Failure Modes
The MAX4511/MAX4512/MAX4513 are not lightning arrestors or surge protectors.
Exceeding the fault-protection voltage limits on NO_ or NC_, even for very short periods, can cause the device to fail. The failure modes may not be obvious, and fail­ure in one switch may or may not affect other switches in the same package.
Ground
There is no connection between the analog signal paths and GND. The analog signal paths consist of an N-channel and P-channel MOSFET with their sources and drains paralleled and their gates driven out of phase to V+ and V- by the logic-level translators.
V+ and GND power the internal logic and logic-level translators and set the input logic thresholds. The logic­level translators convert the logic levels to switched V+ and V- signals to drive the gates of the analog switch­es. This drive signal is the only connection between the power supplies and the analog signals. GND, IN_, and COM_ have ESD-protection diodes to V+ and V-.
IN_ Logic-Level Thresholds
The logic-level thresholds are CMOS and TTL compati­ble when V+ is +15V. As V+ is raised the threshold increases slightly, and when V+ reaches 25V the level threshold is about 2.8V—above the TTL output high level minimum of 2.4V, but still compatible with CMOS outputs (see Typical Operating Characteristics).
Increasing V- has no effect on the logic-level thresholds, but it does increase the gate-drive voltage to the signal FETs, reducing their on-resistance.
MAX4511/MAX4512/MAX4513
Quad, Rail-to-Rail, Fault-Protected,
SPST Analog Switches
______________________________________________________________________________________ 11
Bipolar Supplies
The MAX4511/MAX4512/MAX4513 operate with bipolar supplies between ±4.5V and ±18V. The V+ and V- sup­plies need not be symmetrical, but their difference can not exceed the absolute maximum rating of 44V.
Single Supply
The MAX4511/MAX4512/MAX4513 operate from a sin­gle supply between +9V and +36V when V- is connect­ed to GND.
High-Frequency Performance
In 50Ω systems, signal response is reasonably flat up to 50MHz (see Typical Operating Characteristics). Above
20MHz, the on-response has several minor peaks that are highly layout dependent. The problem with high-fre­quency operation is not turning the switch on, but turn­ing it off. The off-state switch acts like a capacitor and passes higher frequencies with less attenuation. At 10MHz, off isolation is about -42dB in 50Ω systems, becoming worse (approximately 20dB per decade) as frequency increases. Higher circuit impedances also make off isolation worse. Adjacent channel attenuation is about 3dB above that of a bare IC socket and is due entirely to capacitive coupling.
Figure 2. Switch Turn-On/Turn-Off Times
Test Circuits/Timing Diagrams
Figure 3. MAX4513 Break-Before-Make Interval
V+
V+
NO_ OR NC_
MAX4511
V
IN_
50Ω
IN_
MAX4512 MAX4513
GND
COM_
V-
V-
+10V
V
OUT
2k
10pF
V+
V
IN_
0V
+10V
V
OUT
0V
t
OFF
50%
90%
90%
t
ON
V- IS CONNECTED TO GND (0V) FOR SINGLE-SUPPLY OPERATION.
V+
V
IN_
IN_
IN_
50Ω
V- IS CONNECTED TO GND (0V) FOR SINGLE-SUPPLY OPERATION.
V+
MAX4513
GND V-
NO_
NC_
COM_
COM_
2k
V-
+10V
10pF
t
< 5ns
V+
V
IN_
0V
V
, V
NO_
NC_
V
OUT
V
OUT
0V
50%
t
80%
OPEN
R
t
F
< 5ns
MAX4511/MAX4512/MAX4513
Quad, Rail-to-Rail, Fault-Protected, SPST Analog Switches
12 ______________________________________________________________________________________
Figure 4. Charge Injection
Figure 5. COM_, NO_, NC_ Capacitance
Test Circuits/Timing Diagrams (continued)
V+
V
IN_
IN_
50Ω
V+
NO_ OR NC_
MAX4511 MAX4512 MAX4513
GND
COM_
V-
C
L
1000pF
V
OUT
V+
V
IN_
0V
V
OUT
∆ V
OUT
V- IS CONNECTED TO GND (0V) FOR SINGLE-SUPPLY OPERATION. Q = ∆ V
ADDRESS SELECT
V- IS CONNECTED TO GND (0V) FOR SINGLE-SUPPLY OPERATION.
V-
V+
V+
V+
MAX4511 MAX4512 MAX4513
IN_
GND
NO_
NC_
COM_
V-
V-
∆ V
IS THE MEASURED VOLTAGE DUE TO CHARGE-
OUT
TRANSFER ERROR Q WHEN THE CHANNEL TURNS OFF.
x C
OUT
L
1MHz
CAPACITANCE
ANALYZER
MAX4511/MAX4512/MAX4513
Quad, Rail-to-Rail, Fault-Protected,
SPST Analog Switches
______________________________________________________________________________________ 13
Figure 6. Frequency Response, Off Isolation, and Crosstalk
Test Circuits/Timing Diagrams (continued)
N.C. = NOT CONNECTED SWITCHES SHOWN FOR LOGIC “0” INPUT. ALL SWITCHES ARE OFF WITH POWER REMOVED.
DIP/SO
MAX4512
LOGIC SWITCH
0 1
OFF ON
16
15
14
13
12
11
10
9
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
IN2
COM2
NO2
V+
V-
NO1
COM1
IN1
MAX4512
N.C.
NO3
COM3
IN3
IN4
COM4
NO4
GND
TOP VIEW
DIP/SO
MAX4513
LOGIC
SWITCHES
1, 4
0 1
OFF
ON
SWITCHES
2, 3
ON
OFF
16
15
14
13
12
11
10
9
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
IN2
COM2
NC2
V+
V-
NO1
COM1
IN1
MAX4513
N.C.
NC3
COM3
IN3
IN4
COM4
NO4
GND
Pin Configurations/Functional Diagrams/Truth Tables (continued)
V+
10nF
V+
COM_
MAX4511 MAX4512 MAX4513
ADDRESS SELECT
MEASUREMENTS ARE STANDARDIZED AGAINST SHORT AT SOCKET TERMINALS. OFF ISOLATION IS MEASURED BETWEEN COM_ AND “OFF” NO_ OR NC_ TERMINALS. ON LOSS IS MEASURED BETWEEN COM_ AND “ON” NO_ OR NC_ TERMINALS. CROSSTALK IS MEASURED BETWEEN COM_ TERMINALS WITH ALL SWITCHES ON. SIGNAL DIRECTION THROUGH SWITCH IS REVERSED; WORST VALUES ARE RECORDED. V- IS CONNECTED TO GND (0V) FOR SINGLE-SUPPLY OPERATION.
IN_
GND
NO_, NC_
10nF
V-
V-
NETWORK ANALYZER
V
IN
V
OUT
50Ω
MEAS. REF.
50Ω 50Ω
50Ω
OFF ISOLATION = 20 log
ON LOSS = 20 log
CROSSTALK = 20 log
V
OUT
V
IN
V
OUT
V
IN
V
OUT
V
IN
MAX4511/MAX4512/MAX4513
Quad, Rail-to-Rail, Fault-Protected, SPST Analog Switches
14 ______________________________________________________________________________________
PART
MAX4512CPE
0°C to +70°C
TEMP RANGE PIN-PACKAGE
16 Plastic DIP
MAX4512CSE 0°C to +70°C 16 Narrow SO
MAX4512C/D 0°C to +70°C Dice* MAX4512EPE -40°C to +85°C 16 Plastic DIP MAX4512ESE -40°C to +85°C 16 Narrow SO
MAX4512MJE -55°C to +125°C 16 CERDIP MAX4513CPE
0°C to +70°C 16 Plastic DIP
MAX4513CSE 0°C to +70°C 16 Narrow SO
MAX4513C/D 0°C to +70°C Dice* MAX4513EPE -40°C to +85°C 16 Plastic DIP MAX4513ESE -40°C to +85°C 16 Narrow SO
MAX4513MJE -55°C to +125°C 16 CERDIP
Ordering Information (continued)Chip Topographies
NO1 NC2COM1 IN1 IN2
COM2
V-
GND
COM4NO4 IN4 IN3 NC3COM3
V+
MAX4513
0.086"
(2.261mm)
0.138"
(3.51mm)
TRANSISTOR COUNT: 139
SUBSTRATE CONNECTED TO: V+
* Contact factory for dice specifications.
MAX4512CUE 0°C to +70°C 16 TSSOP
MAX4512EUE -40°C to +85°C 16 TSSOP
MAX4513CUE 0°C to +70°C 16 TSSOP
MAX4513EUE -40°C to +85°C 16 TSSOP
NC1 COM1 IN1 IN2
V-
GND
NC4
NO1 NO2COM1 IN1 IN2
MAX4511
COM2
COM4 IN4 IN3 COM3
0.086"
(2.261mm)
MAX4512
COM2
NC2
V+
0.138"
(3.51mm)
NC3
V-
GND
COM4NO4 IN4 IN3 NO3COM3
0.086"
(2.261mm)
V+
0.138"
(3.51mm)
MAX4511/MAX4512/MAX4513
Quad, Rail-to-Rail, Fault-Protected,
SPST Analog Switches
______________________________________________________________________________________ 15
Package Information
(The package drawing(s) in this data sheet may not reflect the most current specifications. For the latest package outline information, go to www.maxim-ic.com/packages.)
N
1
e
TOP VIEW
D
FRONT VIEW
INCHES
DIM
MIN
0.053A
0.004
A1
0.014
B
0.007
C e 0.050 BSC 1.27 BSC
0.150
HE
A
B
A1
C
L
SIDE VIEW
E H 0.2440.228 5.80 6.20
0.016L
VARIATIONS:
INCHES
MINDIM
D
0.189 0.197 AA5.004.80 8
0.337 0.344 AB8.758.55 14
D
0-8
PROPRIETARY INFORMATION
TITLE:
PACKAGE OUTLINE, .150" SOIC
MAX
0.069
0.010
0.019
0.010
0.157
0.050
MAX
0.3940.386D
MILLIMETERS
MAX
MIN
1.35
1.75
0.10
0.25
0.35
0.49
0.19
0.25
3.80 4.00
0.40 1.27
MILLIMETERS
MAX
MIN
9.80 10.00
21-0041
N MS012
16
AC
REV.DOCUMENT CONTROL NO.APPROVAL
B
1
SOICN .EPS
1
MAX4511/MAX4512/MAX4513
Quad, Rail-to-Rail, Fault-Protected, SPST Analog Switches
16 ______________________________________________________________________________________
Package Information (continued)
(The package drawing(s) in this data sheet may not reflect the most current specifications. For the latest package outline information, go to www.maxim-ic.com/packages.)
PDIPN.EPS
CDIPS.EPS
MAX4511/MAX4512/MAX4513
Quad, Rail-to-Rail, Fault-Protected,
SPST Analog Switches
Maxim cannot assume responsibility for use of any circuitry other than circuitry entirely embodied in a Maxim product. No circuit patent licenses are implied. Maxim reserves the right to change the circuitry and specifications without notice at any time.
Maxim Integrated Products, 120 San Gabriel Drive, Sunnyvale, CA 94086 408-737-7600______________________17
© 2002 Maxim Integrated Products Printed USA is a registered trademark of Maxim Integrated Products.
Package Information (continued)
(The package drawing(s) in this data sheet may not reflect the most current specifications. For the latest package outline information, go to www.maxim-ic.com/packages.)
TSSOP4.40mm.EPS
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