MAXIM MAX4249, MAX4257 User Manual

General Description
The MAX4249–MAX4257 low-noise, low-distortion oper­ational amplifiers offer rail-to-rail outputs and single­supply operation down to 2.4V. They draw 400µA of quiescent supply current per amplifier while featuring ultra-low distortion (0.0002% THD), as well as low input voltage-noise density (7.9nV/Hz) and low input current-noise density (0.5fA/Hz). These features make the devices an ideal choice for portable/battery-powered applications that require low distortion and/or low noise.
For additional power conservation, the MAX4249/ MAX4251/MAX4253/MAX4256 offer a low-power shut­down mode that reduces supply current to 0.5µA and puts the amplifiers’ outputs into a high-impedance state. The MAX4249-MAX4257’s outputs swing rail-to­rail and their input common-mode voltage range includes ground. The MAX4250–MAX4254 are unity­gain stable with a gain-bandwidth product of 3MHz. The MAX4249/MAX4255/MAX4256/MAX4257 are inter­nally compensated for gains of 10V/V or greater with a gain-bandwidth product of 22MHz. The single MAX4250/ MAX4255 are available in space-saving 5-pin SOT23 packages. The MAX4252 is available in an 8-bump chip­scale package (UCSP™) and the MAX4253 is available in a 10-bump UCSP. The MAX4250AAUK comes in a 5-pin SOT23 package and is specified for operation over the automotive (-40°C to +125°C) temperature range.
Applications
Wireless Communications Devices
PA Control
Portable/Battery-Powered Equipment
Medical Instrumentation
ADC Buffers
Digital Scales/Strain Gauges
Features
Available in Space-Saving UCSP, SOT23, and
µMAX
®
Packages
Low Distortion: 0.0002% THD (1kΩ load)400µA Quiescent Supply Current per AmplifierSingle-Supply Operation from 2.4V to 5.5VInput Common-Mode Voltage Range Includes
Ground
Outputs Swing Within 8mV of Rails with a 10kΩ
Load
3MHz GBW Product, Unity-Gain Stable
(MAX4250–MAX4254) 22MHz GBW Product, Stable with AV≥ 10V/V
(MAX4249/MAX4255/MAX4256/MAX4257)
Excellent DC Characteristics
VOS= 70µV I
BIAS
= 1pA
Large-Signal Voltage Gain = 116dB
Low-Power Shutdown Mode
Reduces Supply Current to 0.5µA Places Outputs in a High-Impedance State
400pF Capacitive-Load Handling Capability
MAX4249–MAX4257
UCSP, Single-Supply, Low-Noise,
Low-Distortion, Rail-to-Rail Op Amps
________________________________________________________________ Maxim Integrated Products 1
19-1295; Rev 7; 4/05
For pricing, delivery, and ordering information, please contact Maxim/Dallas Direct! at 1-888-629-4642, or visit Maxim’s website at www.maxim-ic.com.
Ordering Information continued at end of data sheet. Selector Guide appears at end of data sheet.
UCSP is a trademark and µMAX is a registered trademark of Maxim Integrated Products, Inc.
A
B
C
12 3
OUTA
V
DD
OUTB
INA-
INB-
INB+
V
SS
INA+
MAX4252
OUTA
V
DD
OUTB
INA-
INB-
INA+
INB+
V
SS
SHDNA
SHDNB
MAX4253
C1
B1
A1
A2
A3
A4
B4
C2 C3
C4
TOP VIEW
(BUMPS ON BOTTOM)
UCSP
UCSP
Pin Configurations continued at end of data sheet.
Pin Configurations
Ordering Information
PART
TEMP RANGE
PIN-
TOP
MARK
MAX4249ESD
14 SO
MAX4249EUB
10 µMAX
MAX4250EUK-T
5 SOT23-5
ACCI
M AX 4250AAU K- T
5 SOT23-5
AEYJ
PACKAGE
-40°C to +85°C
-40°C to +85°C
-40°C to +85°C
- 40°C to + 125°C
MAX4249–MAX4257
UCSP, Single-Supply, Low-Noise, Low-Distortion, Rail-to-Rail Op Amps
2 _______________________________________________________________________________________
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
(VDD= 5V, VSS= 0, VCM= 0, V
OUT
= VDD/2, RLtied to VDD/2, SHDN = VDD, TA= T
MIN
to T
MAX
, unless otherwise noted. Typical val-
ues are at T
A
= +25°C.) (Notes 2, 3)
Stresses beyond those listed under “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated in the operational sections of the specifications is not implied. Exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability.
Power-Supply Voltage (VDDto VSS) ......................+6.0V to -0.3V
Analog Input Voltage (IN_+, IN_-)....(V
DD
+ 0.3V) to (VSS- 0.3V)
SHDN Input Voltage ......................................6.0V to (V
SS
- 0.3V)
Output Short-Circuit Duration to Either Supply ..........Continuous
Continuous Power Dissipation (T
A
= +70°C)
5-Pin SOT23 (derate 7.1mW/°C above +70°C)...........571mW
8-Bump UCSP (derate 4.7mW/°C above +70°C)........379mW
8-Pin µMAX (derate 4.5mW/°C above +70°C) ............362mW
8-Pin SO (derate 5.88mW/°C above +70°C)...............471mW
10-Bump UCSP (derate 6.1mW/°C above +70°C) ......484mW
10-Pin µMAX (derate 5.6mW/°C above +70°C) ...........444mW
14-Pin SO (derate 8.33mW/°C above +70°C)..............667mW
Operating Temperature Range ...........................-40°C to +85°C
MAX4250AAUK .............................................-40°C to +125°C
Junction Temperature......................................................+150°C
Storage Temperature Range .............................-65°C to +150°C
Lead Temperature (soldering, 10s) .................................+300°C
Bump Temperature (soldering) (Note 1)
Infrared (15s) ................................................................+220°C
Vapor Phase (60s) ........................................................+215°C
PARAMETER
SYMBOL
CONDITIONS MIN TYP
MAX
UNITS
Supply Voltage Range V
DD
(Note 4) 2.4 5.5 V
VDD = 3V 400
E temperature 420 575
MAX4250AAUK 675
Normal mode
V
DD
= 5V, UCSP only 420 655
Quiescent Supply Current Per Amplifier
I
Q
Shutdown mode (SHDN = VSS) (Note 2) 0.5 1.5
µA
E temperature
Input Offset Voltage (Note 5) V
OS
MAX4250AAUK
mV
Input Offset Voltage Tempco
0.3
µV/°C
E temperature ±1
pA
Input Bias Current I
B
(Note 6)
MAX4250AAUK
nA
E temperature ±1
pA
Input Offset Current I
OS
(Note 6)
MAX4250AAUK
nA
Differential Input Resistance R
IN
G
E temperature -0.2
Input Common-Mode Voltage Range
V
CM
Guaranteed by CMRR test
MAX4250AAUK 0
V
E temperature 70 115
Common-Mode Rejection Ratio
VSS - 0.2V ≤ VCM V
DD
- 1.1V
MAX4250AAUK 68
dB
E temperature 75 100
Power-Supply Rejection Ratio
VDD = 2.4V to 5.5V
MAX4250AAUK 72
dB
Note 1: This device is constructed using a unique set of packaging techniques that impose a limit on the thermal profile the device
can be exposed to during board-level solder attach and rework. This limit permits only the use of the solder profiles rec­ommended in the industry-standard specification, JEDEC 020A, paragraph 7.6, Table 3 for IR/VPR and Convection Reflow. Preheating is required. Hand or wave soldering is not allowed.
VDD = 5V
TCV
OS
CMRR
PSRR
±0.07 ±0.75
±1.85
±100
±10
±100
±10
1000
V
-1.1
DD
V
-1.1
DD
MAX4249–MAX4257
UCSP, Single-Supply, Low-Noise,
Low-Distortion, Rail-to-Rail Op Amps
_______________________________________________________________________________________ 3
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued)
(VDD= 5V, VSS= 0, VCM= 0, V
OUT
= VDD/2, RLtied to VDD/2, SHDN = VDD, TA= T
MIN
to T
MAX
, unless otherwise noted. Typical val-
ues are at T
A
= +25°C.) (Notes 2, 3)
PARAMETER
CONDITIONS MIN TYP
UNITS
E temperature 80 116
RL = 10kΩ to VDD/2; V
OUT
= 25mV to V
DD
- 4.97V
MAX4250AAUK 77
E temperature 80 112
Large-Signal Voltage Gain A
V
RL = 1kΩ to VDD/2; V
OUT
= 150V to V
DD
-
4.75V
MAX4250AAUK 77
dB
E825 A30 E720
Output Voltage Swing V
OUT
|V
IN+
- V
IN-
| 10mV;
R
L
= 10kΩ to V
DD
/2
A25
mV
E 77 200
A 225
E 47 100
Output Voltage Swing V
OUT
|V
IN+
- V
IN-
| 10mV,
R
L
= 1kΩ to VDD/2
A 125
mV
Output Short-Circuit Current I
SC
68 mA
Output Leakage Current I
LEAK
Shutdown mode (SHDN = VSS), V
OUT
= V
SS
to V
DD
(Note 2)
1.0 µA
SHDN Logic Low V
IL
(Note 2)
V
SHDN Logic High V
IH
(Note 2)
V
SHDN Input Current IIL/I
IH
SHDN = VSS = VDD (Note 2) 0.5 1.5 µA
Input Capacitance 11 pF
MAX4250–MAX4254
3
Gain-Bandwidth Product GBW
MAX4249/MAX4255/MAX4256/MAX4257
22
MHz
MAX4250–MAX4254
0.3
Slew Rate SR
MAX4249/MAX4255/MAX4256/MAX4257
2.1
V/µs
Peak-to-Peak Input-Noise Voltage
e
n
P-P
f = 0.1Hz to 10Hz
760
nV
P-P
f = 10Hz
27
f = 1kHz
8.9
Input Voltage-Noise Density e
n
f = 30kHz
7.9
nV/Hz
Input Current-Noise Density i
n
f = 1kHz
0.5
fA/Hz
SYMBOL
0.001
VDD - V
VOL - V
VDD - V
VOL - V
OH
SS
OH
SS
0.2 X V
0.8 X V
DD
MAX
D D
MAX4249–MAX4257
UCSP, Single-Supply, Low-Noise, Low-Distortion, Rail-to-Rail Op Amps
4 _______________________________________________________________________________________
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued)
(VDD= 5V, VSS= 0, VCM= 0, V
OUT
= VDD/2, RLtied to VDD/2, SHDN = VDD, TA= T
MIN
to T
MAX
, unless otherwise noted. Typical val-
ues are at T
A
= +25°C.) (Notes 2, 3)
PARAMETER
SYMBOL
CONDITIONS MIN TYP
MAX
UNITS
f = 1kHz
MAX4250–MAX4254 A
V
= 1V/V, V
OUT
= 2V
P-P
,
R
L
= 1k to GND
(Note 7)
f = 20kHz
f = 1kHz
Total Harmonic Distortion Plus Noise
MAX4249/MAX4255/ MAX4256/MAX4257 A
V
= 1V/V, V
OUT
= 2V
P-P
,
f = 20kHz
%
Capacitive-Load Stability
No sustained oscillations
400 pF
MAX4250–MAX4254, AV = 1V/V 10
Gain Margin GM
MAX4249/MAX4255/MAX4256/MAX4257, A
V
= 10V/V
12.5
dB
MAX4250–MAX4254, AV = 1V/V 74
Phase Margin ΦM
MAX4249/MAX4255/MAX4256/MAX4257, A
V
= 10V/V
68
Degrees
MAX4250–MAX4254 6.7
Settling Time
To 0.01%,
V
OUT
= 2V step
MAX4249/MAX4255/ MAX4256/MAX4257
1.6
µs
MAX4251/MAX4253 0.8
Delay Time to Shutdown t
SH
I
VDD = 5% of
normal operation
MAX4249/MAX4256 1.2
µs
MAX4251/MAX4253 8
Delay Time to Enable t
EN
V
OUT = 2.5V,
V
OUT settles to
0.1%
MAX4249/MAX4256 3.5
µs
Power-Up Delay Time t
PU
V
DD = 0 to 5V step, VOUT stable to 0.1%
s
Note 2: SHDN is available on the MAX4249/MAX4251/MAX4253/MAX4256 only. Note 3: All device specifications are 100% tested at T
A
= +25°C. Limits over temperature are guaranteed by design.
Note 4: Guaranteed by the PSRR test. Note 5: Offset voltage prior to reflow on the UCSP. Note 6: Guaranteed by design. Note 7: Lowpass-filter bandwidth is 22kHz for f = 1kHz and 80kHz for f = 20kHz. Noise floor of test equipment = 10nV/Hz.
THD+N
0.0004
0.006
0.0012
RL = 1kΩ to GND (Note 7)
0.007
MAX4249–MAX4257
UCSP, Single-Supply, Low-Noise,
Low-Distortion, Rail-to-Rail Op Amps
_______________________________________________________________________________________ 5
0
10
5
20
15
25
30
35
40
-95
-55
-35
-75
-13
7
284969
90
110
131
152
172
192
MAX4251/MAX4256
INPUT OFFSET VOLTAGE DISTRIBUTION
MAX4249-57 TOC01
VOS (μV)
NUMBER OF UNITS
400 UNITS
V
CM
= 0
T
A
= +25°C
-250
-100
-150
-200
-50
0
50
100
150
200
250
-40 0-20 20 40 60 80
OFFSET VOLTAGE
vs. TEMPERATURE
MAX4249-57 TOC02
TEMPERATURE (°C)
VCM = 0
V
OS
(μV)
-50
0
100
50
150
200
-0.5 1.50.5 2.5 3.5 4.5
MAX4249-57 TOC03
INPUT COMMON-MODE VOLTAGE (V)
INPUT OFFSET VOLTAGE (μV)
VDD = 3V VDD = 5V
INPUT OFFSET VOLTAGE
vs. INPUT COMMON-MODE VOLTAGE
0
0.3
0.2
0.1
0.4
0.5
0.6
04312 5678910
OUTPUT VOLTAGE
vs. OUTPUT LOAD CURRENT
MAX4249-57 TOC04
OUTPUT LOAD CURRENT (mA)
OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V)
VDD = 3V OR 5V V
DIFF
= ±10mV
VDD - V
OH
V
OL
0
0.03
0.02
0.01
0.04
0.05
0.06
0.07
0.08
0.09
0.10
-40 0-20 20 6040 80
OUTPUT VOLTAGE SWING (VOH)
vs. TEMPERATURE
MAX4249-57 TOC05
TEMPERATURE (°C)
RL = 1kΩ
RL = 10kΩ
RL = 100kΩ
V
DD
- V
OH
(V)
0
0.02
0.01
0.03
0.04
0.05
0.06
-40 0-20 20 6040 80
OUTPUT VOLTAGE SWING (VOL)
vs. TEMPERATURE
MAX4249 -57TOC06
TEMPERATURE (°C)
V
OL
(V)
RL = 10kΩ
R
L
= 1kΩ
R
L
= 100kΩ
50
70
60
100
90
80
130
120
110
140
0 10050 150 200 250
LARGE-SIGNAL VOLTAGE GAIN
vs. OUTPUT VOLTAGE SWING
MAX4249-57 TOC07
V
OUT
SWING FROM EITHER SUPPLY (mV)
VDD = 3V
R
L
REFERENCED TO GND
RL = 2kΩ
R
L
= 20kΩ
R
L
= 200kΩ
A
V
(dB)
60
70
80
90
100
110
120
130
140
0 50 100 150 200 250
LARGE-SIGNAL VOLTAGE GAIN vs. OUTPUT VOLTAGE SWING
MAX4249-57 TOC08
V
OUT
SWING FROM EITHER SUPPLY (mV)
VDD = 3V
R
L
REFERENCED TO GND
R
L
= 2kΩ
R
L
= 20kΩ
R
L
= 200kΩ
A
V
(dB)
50
70
60
100
90
80
130
120
110
140
0 10050 150 200 250
MAX4249-57 TOC09
LARGE-SIGNAL VOLTAGE GAIN vs. OUTPUT VOLTAGE SWING
V
OUT
SWING FROM EITHER SUPPLY (mV)
VDD = 5V
R
L
REFERENCED TO GND
R
L
= 2kΩ
R
L
= 20kΩ
R
L
= 200kΩ
A
V
(dB)
Typical Operating Characteristics
(VDD= 5V, VSS= 0, VCM= V
OUT
= VDD/2, input noise floor of test equipment =10nV/Hz for all distortion measurements,
T
A
= +25°C, unless otherwise noted.)
MAX4249–MAX4257
UCSP, Single-Supply, Low-Noise, Low-Distortion, Rail-to-Rail Op Amps
6 _______________________________________________________________________________________
50
80
70
60
90
100
110
120
130
140
150
0 10050 150 200 250
MAX4249-57 TOC10
VDD = 5V
R
L
REFERENCED TO GND
LARGE-SIGNAL VOLTAGE GAIN vs. OUTPUT VOLTAGE SWING
V
OUT
SWING FROM EITHER SUPPLY (mV)
RL = 2kΩ
R
L
= 20kΩ
R
L
= 200kΩ
A
V
(dB)
100
110
105
115
120
125
-40 0-20 20 6040 80
LARGE-SIGNAL VOLTAGE GAIN
vs. TEMPERATURE
MAX4249-57 TOC11
TEMPERATURE (°C)
RL REFERENCED TO VDD/2 V
DD
= 5V
A
V
(dB)
RL = 1kΩ V
OUT
= 150mV
TO 4.75mV
R
L
= 100kΩ
V
OUT
= 10mV
TO 4.99mV
R
L
= 10kΩ
V
OUT
= 20mV
TO 4.975mV
0.373
0.374
0.375
0.376
340
380
360
400
420
440
460
-40 0-20 20 6040 80
SUPPLY CURRENT AND SHUTDOWN
SUPPLY CURRENT vs. TEMPERATURE
MAX4249-57 TOC12
TEMPERATURE (°C)
SHUTDOWN SUPPLY CURRENT (μA)
PER AMPLIFIER
SHDN = V
DD
SUPPLY CURRENT (μA)
SHDN = V
SS
320
340
360
380
400
420
440
0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
1.8 2.82.3 3.3 3.8 4.3 4.8 5.3 5.5
SUPPLY CURRENT AND SHUTDOWN
SUPPLY CURRENT vs. SUPPLY VOLTAGE
MAX4249-57 TOC13
SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V)
SUPPLY CURRENT (μA)
SHUTDOWN SUPPLY CURRENT (μA)
PER AMPLIFIER
SHDN = V
DD
SHDN = V
SS
2000
100
0.001 0.1 10.01 5
SUPPLY CURRENT
vs. OUTPUT VOLTAGE
MAX4249-57 TOC14
OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V)
SUPPLY CURRENT (μA)
1000
400
VDD = 5V
VDD = 3V
40
60
80
120
100
180
160
140
1.8 2.3 2.8 3.3 3.8 4.3 4.8 5.3
INPUT OFFSET VOLTAGE
vs. SUPPLY VOLTAGE
MAX4249-57 TOC15
SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V)
V
OS
(μV)
V
CM
= 0
V
OUT
= VDD/2
RL REFERENCED TO GND
R
L
= 10kΩ
R
L
= 1kΩ
R
L
= 100kΩ
60
-40 100 10k 100k 1M1k 10M
MAX4250–MAX4254
GAIN AND PHASE vs. FREQUENCY
-20
-10
0
-30
MAX4249-57 TOC16
FREQUENCY (Hz)
GAIN (dB)
PHASE (DEGREES)
10
20
30
40
50
180
-180
-108
-72
-36
-144
0
36
72
108
144
GAIN
PHASE
VDD = 3V, 5V
R
L
= 50kΩ
C
L
= 20pF
A
V
= 1000
60
-40 100 10k 100k 1M1k 10M
MAX4249/MAX4255/MAX4256/MAX4257
GAIN AND PHASE vs. FREQUENCY
-20
-10
0
-30
MAX4249-57 TOC17
FREQUENCY (Hz)
GAIN (dB)
PHASE (DEGREES)
10
20
30
40
50
180
-180
-108
-72
-36
-144
0
36
72
108
144
GAIN
PHASE
VDD = 3V, 5V R
L
= 50kΩ
C
L
= 20pF
A
V
= 1000
0
-100
-110 1 1k 10k 100k 1M10 100 10M
MAX4250–MAX4254
POWER-SUPPLY REJECTION RATIO
vs. FREQUENCY
-80
-70
-60
-90
MAX4249-57 TOC18
FREQUENCY (Hz)
PSRR (dB)
-50
-40
-30
-20
-10
PSRR+
PSRR-
VDD = 3V, 5V
Typical Operating Characteristics (continued)
(VDD= 5V, VSS= 0, VCM= V
OUT
= VDD/2, input noise floor of test equipment =10nV/Hz for all distortion measurements,
T
A
= +25°C, unless otherwise noted.)
MAX4249–MAX4257
UCSP, Single-Supply, Low-Noise,
Low-Distortion, Rail-to-Rail Op Amps
_______________________________________________________________________________________ 7
1000
0.1
1k 10k 100k 1M 10M
OUTPUT IMPEDANCE
vs. FREQUENCY
MAX4249-57 TOC19
FREQUENCY (Hz)
OUTPUT IMPEDANCE (Ω)
1
10
100
A
V
= 1 (MAX4250–MAX4254)
AV = 10 (MAX4249/MAX4255/
MAX4256/MAX4257)
30
0
10 100 1k 10k 100k
INPUT VOLTAGE-N0ISE DENSITY
vs. FREQUENCY
MAX4249-57 TOC20
FREQUENCY (Hz)
Vn-EQUIVALENT INPUT NOISE-VOLTAGE (nV/Hz)
5
10
15
20
25
200nV/div
1s/div
0.1Hz TO 10Hz
P-P
NOISE
MAX4249-57 TOC21
V
DD
= 3V OR 5V
V
P-PNOISE
= 760nV
P-P
-160
-140
-120
-100
-80
-60
-40
-20
0
MAX4250–MAX4254
FFT OF DISTORTION AND NOISE
FREQUENCY (Hz)
AMPLITUDE (dBc)
10 5k 10k
15k
20k
MAX4249-57 TOC22
RL = 1kΩ
f
O
= 1kHz
A
V
= 1
f
O
HD2
HD3
HD4
HD5
V
OUT
= 2V
P-P
-140
-120
-100
-80
-60
-40
-20
0
20
10 5k 10k
15k
20k
MAX4249/MAX4255/MAX4256/MAX4257
FFT OF DISTORTION AND NOISE
MAX4249-57 TOC23
FREQUENCY (Hz)
AMPLITUDE (dBc)
V
OUT
= 4V
P-P
fO = 1kHz
HD2
HD3
V
IN
10kΩ
100kΩ
11kΩ
f
O
V
O
0.001
0.01
0.1
1
10
021 345
MAX4250–MAX4254
TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION PLUS NOISE
vs. OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V
DD
= 5V)
MAX4249-57 TOC24
OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V
P-P
)
THD+N (%)
V
IN
RL = 1kΩ
100kΩ
11kΩ
AV = 10 f
O
= 3kHz
FILTER BW = 30kHz
V
O
R
L
RL = 10kΩ
R
L
= 100kΩ
0.001
0.01
0.1
1
10
0213
MAX4249-57 TOC25
OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V
P-P
)
THD+N (%)
100kΩ
11kΩ
MAX4250–MAX4254
TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION PLUS NOISE
vs. OUTPUT VOLTAGE SWING (V
DD
= 3V)
V
OUT
V
IN
R
L
RL = 1kΩ
R
L
= 10kΩ
R
L
= 100kΩ
A
V
= 10
f
O
= 3kHz
FILTER BW = 30kHz
0.001
0.01
0.1
1
03412 5
MAX4249-57 TOC26
OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V
P-P
)
THD+N (%)
fO = 20kHz, FILTER BW = 80kHz
100kΩ
11kΩ
MAX4249/MAX4255/MAX4256/MAX4257
TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION PLUS NOISE
vs. OUTPUT VOLTAGE SWING
V
OUT
V
IN
R
L
A
V
= 10
fO = 3kHz, FILTER BW = 30kHz
0.0001
0.01
0.001
0.1
1
10 1k100 10k
MAX4250–MAX4254
TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION
PLUS NOISE vs. FREQUENCY
MAX4249-57 TOC27
FREQUENCY (Hz)
THD+N (%)
R2
R1
R1 = 560Ω, R2 = 53kΩ
V
IN
V
OUT
R
L
A
V
= 100
A
V
= 10
R1 = 5.6kΩ, R2 = 53kΩ
FILTER BW = 22kHz
R
L
= 10kΩ TO GND
V
O
= 2V
P-P
A
V
= 1
Typical Operating Characteristics (continued)
(VDD= 5V, VSS= 0, VCM= V
OUT
= VDD/2, input noise floor of test equipment =10nV/Hz for all distortion measurements,
T
A
= +25°C, unless otherwise noted.)
MAX4249–MAX4257
UCSP, Single-Supply, Low-Noise, Low-Distortion, Rail-to-Rail Op Amps
8 _______________________________________________________________________________________
0.0001
0.001
0.01
0.1
10 1k100 10k
MAX4250–MAX4254
TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION
PLUS NOISE vs. FREQUENCY
MAX4249-57 TOC28
FREQUENCY (Hz)
THD+N(%)
FILTER BW = 80kHz A
V
= 1
RL = 1kΩ V
OUT
= 2V
P-P
RL TO VDD/2
R
L
TO GND
R
L
TO V
DD
V
OUT
200mV/div
1.5V
0.5V
2μs/div
MAX4250–MAX4254
LARGE-SIGNAL PULSE RESPONSE
MAX4249-57 TOC29
VDD = 3V R
L
= 10kΩ
C
L
= 100pF
V
IN
= 1V PULSE
0.6V
0.5V
MAX4249-57 TOC30
MAX4250–MAX4254
SMALL-SIGNAL PULSE RESPONSE
V
OUT
20mV/div
V
DD
= 3V
R
L
= 10kΩ
C
L
= 100pF
V
IN
= 100V PULSE
2μs/div
2V
1V
MAX4249/MAX4255/MAX4256/MAX4257
LARGE-SIGNAL PULSE RESPONSE
MAX4249-57 TOC31
V
OUT
200mV/div
V
DD
= 3V
R
L
= 10kΩ
C
L
= 100pF
V
IN
= 100mV PULSE
A
V
= 10
2μs/div
1.6V
1.5V
MAX4249/MAX4255/MAX4256/MAX4257
SMALL-SIGNAL PULSE RESPONSE
MAX4249-57 TOC32
V
OUT
50mV/div
V
DD
= 3V
R
L
= 10kΩ
C
L
= 100pF
V
IN
= 10mV PULSE
A
V
= 10
2μs/div
140
130
0
CHANNEL SEPARATION vs. FREQUENCY
MAX4249-57 TOC33
FREQUENCY (Hz)
CHANNEL SEPARATION (dB)
100
110
120
90
80
70
1k 100k 1M10k 10M
Typical Operating Characteristics (continued)
(VDD= 5V, VSS= 0, VCM= V
OUT
= VDD/2, input noise floor of test equipment =10nV/Hz for all distortion measurements,
T
A
= +25°C, unless otherwise noted.)
MAX4249–MAX4257
UCSP, Single-Supply, Low-Noise,
Low-Distortion, Rail-to-Rail Op Amps
_______________________________________________________________________________________ 9
Detailed Description
The MAX4249–MAX4257 single-supply operational amplifiers feature ultra-low noise and distortion while consuming very little power. Their low distortion and low noise make them ideal for use as preamplifiers in wide dynamic-range applications, such as 16-bit analog-to­digital converters (see Typical Operating Circuit). Their high-input impedance and low noise are also useful for signal conditioning of high-impedance sources, such as piezoelectric transducers.
These devices have true rail-to-rail output operation, drive loads as low as 1kΩ while maintaining DC accura-
cy, and can drive capacitive loads up to 400pF without oscillation. The input common-mode voltage range extends from VDD- 1.1V to 200mV beyond the negative rail. The push-pull output stage maintains excellent DC characteristics, while delivering up to ±5mA of current.
The MAX4250–4254 are unity-gain stable, whereas, the MAX4249/MAX4255/MAX4256/MAX4257 have a higher slew rate and are stable for gains 10V/V. The MAX4249/MAX4251/MAX4253/MAX4256 feature a low­power shutdown mode, which reduces the supply cur­rent to 0.5µA and disables the outputs.
The MAX4250AAUK is specified for operation over the automotive (-40°C to +125°C) temperature range.
Pin Description
PIN/BUMP
M A X4 2 5 0 /
M A X4 2 5 5
M A X4 2 5 2 /
M A X4 2 4 9 /
M A X4 2 5 3
5-PIN
SOT23
8-PIN
8-PIN
8-BUMP
UCSP
10-BUMP
10-PIN
1 4 - PINSO14-PIN
SO
NAME FUNCTION
1 6 1, 7 A1, A3
1, 9
1, 7, 8,
14
OUT, OUTA,
OUTB, OUTC,
OUTD
Amplifier Output
244C2B44411
V
SS
Negative Supply. Connect to ground for single­supply operation
3 3 3, 5
3, 7
3, 5, 10,
12
IN + , IN A+ ,
IN B+ , IN C + ,
IN D +
Noninverting Amplifier Input
4 2 2, 6 B1, B3
2, 8
2, 6, 9,
13
IN-, INA-,
INB-,
INC-, IND-
Inverting Amplifier Input
578A2B110144
V
DD
Positive Supply
—8——
5, 6 6, 9
SHDN,
SHDNA,
SHDNB
Shutdown Input, Connect to V
DD
or leave unconnected for normal operation (amplifier(s) enabled).
1, 5
5, 7,
—N.C.
No Connection. Not internally connected.
———B2
—— —
Not populated with solder sphere
M A X4 2 5 1 /
M A X4 2 5 6
SO/µMAX
M A X4 2 5 7
SO/µMAX
M A X4 2 5 2
C1, C3 A3, C3
UCSP
A1, C1
A2, C2
A4, C4
B2, B3
µMAX
1, 13
3, 11
2, 12
8, 10
M A X4 2 5 4
MAX4249–MAX4257
UCSP, Single-Supply, Low-Noise, Low-Distortion, Rail-to-Rail Op Amps
10 ______________________________________________________________________________________
Low Distortion
Many factors can affect the noise and distortion that the device contributes to the input signal. The following guidelines offer valuable information on the impact of design choices on Total Harmonic Distortion (THD).
Choosing proper feedback and gain resistor values for a particular application can be a very important factor in reducing THD. In general, the smaller the closed­loop gain, the smaller the THD generated, especially when driving heavy resistive loads. Large-value feed­back resistors can significantly improve distortion. The THD of the part normally increases at approximately 20dB per decade, as a function of frequency. Operating the device near or above the full-power bandwidth significantly degrades distortion.
Referencing the load to either supply also improves the part’s distortion performance, because only one of the MOSFETs of the push-pull output stage drives the out­put. Referencing the load to midsupply increases the part’s distortion for a given load and feedback setting. (See the Total Harmonic Distortion vs. Frequency graph in the Typical Operating Characteristics.)
For gains 10V/V, the decompensated devices MAX4249/MAX4255/MAX4256/MAX4257 deliver the best distortion performance, since they have a higher slew rate and provide a higher amount of loop gain for a given closed-loop gain setting. Capacitive loads below 400pF, do not significantly affect distortion results. Distortion performance remains relatively con­stant over supply voltages.
Low Noise
The amplifier’s input-referred, noise-voltage density is dominated by flicker noise at lower frequencies, and by thermal noise at higher frequencies. Because the ther­mal noise contribution is affected by the parallel combi­nation of the feedback resistive network (RF|| RG, Figure 1), these resistors should be reduced in cases where the system bandwidth is large and thermal noise is dominant. This noise contribution factor decreases, however, with increasing gain settings.
For example, the input noise-voltage density of the cir­cuit with RF= 100kΩ, RG= 11kΩ (AV= 10V/V) is en= 15nV/Hz, encan be reduced to 9nV/Hz by choosing RF= 10kΩ, RG= 1.1kΩ (AV= 10V/V), at the expense of greater current consumption and potentially higher distortion. For a gain of 100V/V with RF= 100kΩ, RG=
1.1kΩ, the enis low (9nV/Hz).
C
Z
R
F
V
OUT
V
IN
R
G
Figure 1. Adding Feed-Forward Compensation
Figure 2a. Pulse Response with No Feed-Forward Compensation
Figure 2b. Pulse Response with 10pF Feed-Forward Compensation
100mV
0
AV = 2 R
100mV
C
V
IN
0
V
OUT
AV = 2V/V R
= RG = 10kΩ
F
= RG = 100kΩ
F
= 11pF
Z
2μs/div
2μs/div
VIN =
50mV/div
V
=
OUT
100mV/div
50mV/div
100mV/div
MAX4249–MAX4257
UCSP, Single-Supply, Low-Noise,
Low-Distortion, Rail-to-Rail Op Amps
______________________________________________________________________________________ 11
Using a Feed-Forward Compensation
Capacitor, C
Z
The amplifier’s input capacitance is 11pF. If the resis­tance seen by the inverting input is large (feedback network), this can introduce a pole within the amplifier’s bandwidth, resulting in reduced phase margin. Compensate the reduced phase margin by introducing a feed-forward capacitor (C
Z
) between the inverting input and the output (Figure 1). This effectively cancels the pole from the inverting input of the amplifier. Choose the value of C
Z
as follows:
CZ= 11 x (RF/ RG) [pF]
In the unity-gain stable MAX4250–MAX4254, the use of a proper CZis most important for AV= 2V/V, and AV = -1V/V. In the decompensated MAX4249/ MAX4255/MAX4256/MAX4257, C
Z
is most important
for A
V
= 10V/V. Figures 2a and 2b show transient
response both with and without C
Z
.
Using a slightly smaller C
Z
than suggested by the for­mula above achieves a higher bandwidth at the expense of reduced phase and gain margin. As a gen­eral guideline, consider using CZfor cases where RG|| RFis greater than 20kΩ (MAX4250–MAX4254) or greater than 5kΩ (MAX4249/MAX4255/MAX4256/ MAX4257).
Applications Information
The MAX4249–MAX4257 combine good driving capa­bility with ground-sensing input and rail-to-rail output operation. With their low distortion, low noise, and low­power consumption, these devices are ideal for use in portable instrumentation systems and other low-power, noise-sensitive applications.
Ground-Sensing and Rail-to-Rail Outputs
The common-mode input range of these devices extends below ground, and offers excellent common­mode rejection. These devices are guaranteed not to undergo phase reversal when the input is overdriven (Figure 3).
Figure 4 showcases the true rail-to-rail output operation of the amplifier, configured with AV= 10V/V. The output swings to within 8mV of the supplies with a 10kΩ load, making the devices ideal in low-supply-voltage applica­tions.
Output Loading and Stability
Even with their low quiescent current of 400µA, these amplifiers can drive 1kΩ loads while maintaining excel­lent DC accuracy. Stability while driving heavy capaci­tive loads is another key feature.
V
OUT
V
IN
R
ISO
C
L
MAX4250 MAX4251 MAX4252 MAX4253 MAX4254
Figure 3. Overdriven Input Showing No Phase Reversal
Figure 4. Rail-to-Rail Output Operation
Figure 5. Capacitive-Load Driving Circuit
4.25V
0
4.45V
0
20μs/div
AV = 1
VDD = 5V
RL = 10kΩ
V
OUT
V
IN
-200mV
5V
0
VDD = 5V
RL = 10kΩ A
= 10
V
f = 1kHz
200μs/div
V
OUT
1V/div
MAX4249–MAX4257
UCSP, Single-Supply, Low-Noise, Low-Distortion, Rail-to-Rail Op Amps
12 ______________________________________________________________________________________
These devices maintain stability while driving loads up to 400pF. To drive higher capacitive loads, place a small isolation resistor in series between the output of the amplifier and the capacitive load (Figure 5). This resistor improves the amplifier’s phase margin by isolat­ing the capacitor from the op amp’s output. Reference Figure 6 to select a resistance value that will ensure a load capacitance that limits peaking to <2dB (25%).
For example, if the capacitive load is 1000pF, the corre­sponding isolation resistor is 150Ω. Figure 7 shows that peaking occurs without the isolation resistor. Figure 8 shows the unity-gain bandwidth vs. capacitive load for the MAX4250–MAX4254.
Power Supplies and Layout
The MAX4249–MAX4257 operate from a single 2.4V to
5.5V power supply or from dual supplies of ±1.20V to ±2.75V. For single-supply operation, bypass the power supply with a 0.1µF ceramic capacitor placed close to the VDDpin. If operating from dual supplies, bypass each supply to ground.
Good layout improves performance by decreasing the amount of stray capacitance and noise at the op amp’s inputs and output. To decrease stray capacitance, min­imize PC board trace lengths and resistor leads, and place external components close to the op amp’s pins.
UCSP Applications Information
For the latest application details on UCSP construction, dimensions, tape carrier information, PC board tech­niques, bump-pad layout, and recommended reflow temperature profile, as well as the latest information on reliability testing results, refer to the Application Note: UCSP—A Wafer-Level Chip-Scale Package on Maxim’s web site at www.maxim-ic.com/ucsp
.
160
140
0
10 10,000
60
20
40
120
100
80
CAPACITIVE LOADING (pF)
1000100
SHADED AREA INDICATES STABLE OPERATION WITH NO NEED FOR ISOLATION RESISTOR.
NOTE: USING AN ISOLATION RESISTOR REDUCES PEAKING.
R
ISO
(Ω)
Figure 6. Isolation Resistance vs. Capacitive Loading to Minimize Peaking (<2dB)
Figure 7. Peaking vs. Capacitive Load
Figure 8. MAX4250–MAX4254 Unity-Gain Bandwidth vs. Capacitive Load
25
MAX4250–MAX4254 (A MAX4249/MAX4255–MAX4257 (A
R
= 0
ISO
20
SHADED AREA INDICATES
15
STABLE OPERATION WITH NO NEED FOR ISOLATION RESISTOR.
10
PEAKING (dB)
5
0
10 10,000
CAPACITIVE LOAD (pF)
= 1)
V
1000100
= 10)
V
4.5
4.0
3.5
3.0
2.5
2.0
1.5 SHADED AREA INDICATES
1.0
UNITY-GAIN BANDWIDTH (MHz)
STABLE OPERATION WITH NO NEED FOR
0.5 ISOLATION RESISTOR.
0
10 10,000
CAPACITIVE LOAD (pF)
NOTE: R
CHOSEN FOR PEAKING <2dB.
ISO
V
= 3V
DD
1000100
MAX4249–MAX4257
UCSP, Single-Supply, Low-Noise,
Low-Distortion, Rail-to-Rail Op Amps
______________________________________________________________________________________ 13
Typical Operating Circuit
MAX195
(16-BIT ADC)
SERIAL INTERFACE
DOUT
SCLK
SHDN
SHDN
AIN
V
IN
REF
-5V
2
50kΩ
5V
3
4
6
7
8
5kΩ
V
DD
V
SS
4.096V
CS
MAX4256
MAX4249–MAX4257
UCSP, Single-Supply, Low-Noise, Low-Distortion, Rail-to-Rail Op Amps
14 ______________________________________________________________________________________
Selector Guide
PART
G A IN
B A N D WID T H
( M H z)
MINIMUM
STABLE
GAIN (V/V)
NO. OF
AMPLIFIERS
SHUTDOWN
MODE
PIN-PACKAGE
MAX4249 22 10 2 Yes 10-pin µMAX, 14-pin SO
MAX4250/A 3 1 1 5-pin SOT23
MAX4251 3 1 1 Yes 8-pin µMAX/SO
MAX4252 3 1 2
8- p i n µM AX /S O , 8- b um p U C S P
MAX4253 3 1 2 Yes
10-pin µMAX, 14-pin SO, 10-bump UCSP
MAX4254 3 1 4 14-pin SO
MAX4255 22 10 1 5-pin SOT23
MAX4256 22 10 1 Yes 8-pin µMAX/SO
MAX4257 22 10 2 8-pin µMAX/SO
Ordering Information (continued)
Chip Information
MAX4250/MAX4251/MAX4255/MAX4256 TRANSISTOR COUNT: 170
MAX4249/MAX4252/MAX4253/MAX4257 TRANSISTOR COUNT: 340
MAX4254 TRANSISTOR COUNT: 680
PER PACKAGE
PART TEMP RANGE
MAX4251ESA
MAX4251EUA -40°C to +85°C 8 µMAX
MAX4252EBL-T
MAX4252ESA -40°C to +85°C 8 SO
MAX4252EUA -40°C to +85°C 8 µMAX
MAX4253EBC-T
MAX4253EUB -40°C to +85°C 10 µMAX
MAX4253ESD -40°C to +85°C 14 SO
MAX4254ESD
MAX4255EUK-T
MAX4256ESA
MAX4256EUA -40°C to +85°C 8 µMAX
MAX4257ESA
MAX4257EUA -40°C to +85°C 8 µMAX
-40°C to +85°C 8 SO
-40°C to +85°C 8 UCSP-8 AAO
-40°C to +85°C 10 UCSP-10 AAK
-40°C to +85°C 14 SO
-40°C to +85°C 5 SOT23-5 ACCJ
-40°C to +85°C 8 SO
-40°C to +85°C 8 SO
PIN­PACKAGE
MARK
TOP
V
SS
IN-IN+
15V
DD
OUT
MAX4250 MAX4250A
MAX4255
SOT23
TOP VIEW
2
34
OUT
N.C.V
SS
1
2
87SHDN
V
DD
IN-
IN+
N.C.
μMAX/SO
3
4
6
5
MAX4251 MAX4256
INB-
INB+V
SS
1
2
87V
DD
OUTBINA-
INA+
OUTA
μMAX/SO
3
4
6
5
MAX4252 MAX4257
1
2
3
4
5
10
9
8
7
6
V
DD
OUTB
INB-
INB+V
SS
INA+
INA-
OUTA
MAX4249 MAX4253
μMAX
SHDNBSHDNA
14
13
12
11
10
9
8
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
V
DD
OUTB
INB-
INB+V
SS
INA+
INA-
OUTA
MAX4249 MAX4253
N.C.
SHDNB
N.C.N.C.
SHDNA
N.C.
SO
14
13
12
11
10
9
8
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
OUTD
IND-
IND+
V
SS
V
DD
INA+
INA-
OUTA
MAX4254
INC+
INC-
OUTCOUTB
INB-
INB+
SO
Pin Configurations (continued)
MAX4249–MAX4257
UCSP, Single-Supply, Low-Noise,
Low-Distortion, Rail-to-Rail Op Amps
______________________________________________________________________________________ 15
MAX4249–MAX4257
UCSP, Single-Supply, Low-Noise, Low-Distortion, Rail-to-Rail Op Amps
16 ______________________________________________________________________________________
SOT-23 5L .EPS
E
1
1
21-0057
PACKAGE OUTLINE, SOT-23, 5L
8LUMAXD.EPS
PACKAGE OUTLINE, 8L uMAX/uSOP
1
1
21-0036
J
REV.DOCUMENT CONTROL NO.APPROVAL
PROPRIETARY INFORMATION
TITLE:
MAX
0.043
0.006
0.014
0.120
0.120
0.198
0.026
0.007
0.037
0.0207 BSC
0.0256 BSC
A2
A1
c
e
b
A
L
FRONT VIEW
SIDE VIEW
E H
0.6±0.1
0.6±0.1
Ø0.50±0.1
1
TOP VIEW
D
8
A2
0.030
BOTTOM VIEW
1
6∞
S
b
L
H
E
D
e
c
0∞
0.010
0.116
0.116
0.188
0.016
0.005
8
4X S
INCHES
-
A1
A
MIN
0.002
0.950.75
0.5250 BSC
0.25 0.36
2.95 3.05
2.95 3.05
4.78
0.41
0.65 BSC
5.03
0.66 6∞0∞
0.13 0.18
MAX
MIN
MILLIMETERS
- 1.10
0.05 0.15
α
α
DIM
Package Information
(The package drawing(s) in this data sheet may not reflect the most current specifications. For the latest package outline information go to www.maxim-ic.com/packages
.)
10LUMAX.EPS
PACKAGE OUTLINE, 10L uMAX/uSOP
1
1
21-0061
I
REV.DOCUMENT CONTROL NO.APPROVAL
PROPRIETARY INFORMATION
TITLE:
TOP VIEW
FRONT VIEW
1
0.498 REF
0.0196 REF
S
SIDE VIEW
α
BOTTOM VIEW
0.037 REF
0.0078
MAX
0.006
0.043
0.118
0.120
0.199
0.0275
0.118
0.0106
0.120
0.0197 BSC
INCHES
1
10
L1
0.0035
0.007
e
c
b
0.187
0.0157
0.114 H L
E2
DIM
0.116
0.114
0.116
0.002
D2 E1
A1
D1
MIN
-A
0.940 REF
0.500 BSC
0.090
0.177
4.75
2.89
0.40
0.200
0.270
5.05
0.70
3.00
MILLIMETERS
0.05
2.89
2.95
2.95
-
MIN
3.00
3.05
0.15
3.05
MAX
1.10
10
0.6±0.1
0.6±0.1
Ø0.50±0.1
H
4X S
e
D2
D1
b
A2
A
E2
E1
L
L1
c
α
GAGE PLANE
A2 0.030 0.037 0.75 0.95
A1
9LUCSP, 3x3.EPS
PACKAGE OUTLINE, 3x3 UCSP
21-0093
1
1
J
MAX4249–MAX4257
UCSP, Single-Supply, Low-Noise,
Low-Distortion, Rail-to-Rail Op Amps
______________________________________________________________________________________ 17
Package Information (continued)
(The package drawing(s) in this data sheet may not reflect the most current specifications. For the latest package outline information go to www.maxim-ic.com/packages
.)
MAX4249–MAX4257
UCSP, Single-Supply, Low-Noise, Low-Distortion, Rail-to-Rail Op Amps
18 ______________________________________________________________________________________
SOICN .EPS
PACKAGE OUTLINE, .150" SOIC
1
1
21-0041
B
REV.DOCUMENT CONTROL NO.APPROVAL
PROPRIETARY INFORMATION
TITLE:
TOP VIEW
FRONT VIEW
MAX
0.010
0.069
0.019
0.157
0.010
INCHES
0.150
0.007
E
C
DIM
0.014
0.004
B
A1
MIN
0.053A
0.19
3.80 4.00
0.25
MILLIMETERS
0.10
0.35
1.35
MIN
0.49
0.25
MAX
1.75
0.050
0.016L
0.40 1.27
0.3940.386D
D
MINDIM
D
INCHES
MAX
9.80 10.00
MILLIMETERS
MIN
MAX
16
AC
0.337 0.344 AB8.758.55 14
0.189 0.197 AA5.004.80 8
N MS012
N
SIDE VIEW
H 0.2440.228 5.80 6.20
e 0.050 BSC 1.27 BSC
C
HE
e
B
A1
A
D
0∞-8∞
L
1
VARIATIONS:
Package Information (continued)
(The package drawing(s) in this data sheet may not reflect the most current specifications. For the latest package outline information go to www.maxim-ic.com/packages
.)
MAX4249–MAX4257
UCSP, Single-Supply, Low-Noise,
Low-Distortion, Rail-to-Rail Op Amps
Maxim cannot assume responsibility for use of any circuitry other than circuitry entirely embodied in a Maxim product. No circuit patent licenses are implied. Maxim reserves the right to change the circuitry and specifications without notice at any time.
Maxim Integrated Products, 120 San Gabriel Drive, Sunnyvale, CA 94086 408-737-7600 ____________________ 19
© 2005 Maxim Integrated Products Printed USA is a registered trademark of Maxim Integrated Products, Inc.
12L, USPC.EPS
Package Information (continued)
(The package drawing(s) in this data sheet may not reflect the most current specifications. For the latest package outline information go to www.maxim-ic.com/packages
.)
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