MAXIM MAX3800 Technical data

General Description
The MAX3800 is a +3.3V adaptive cable equalizer and cable driver implemented together on a single chip. It is designed for coaxial and twin-axial cable point-to-point communications applications. The driver features differ­ential current-mode logic (CML) inputs and outputs as well as adjustable output amplitude. The equalizer includes differential CML data inputs and outputs, a loss-of-signal (LOS) output, and a cable integrity moni­tor (CIM) output.
The adaptive cable equalizer is capable of equalizing differential or single-ended signals at data rates up to
3.2Gbps. It automatically adjusts to attenuation caused by skin-effect losses of up to 30dB at 1.6GHz. The equalizer effectively extends the usable length of cop­per cable in high-frequency interconnect applications.
The MAX3800 is available in a 32-pin TQFP package with exposed pad and consumes only 200mW at +3.3V. The driver can be disconnected from the power supply when it is not needed, resulting in a 40% reduc­tion in supply current.
Applications
High-Speed Links in Communications and Data Systems
Backplane and Interconnect Applications
SDH/SONET Transmission Equipment
Features
Single +3.3V Operation
Typical Power Dissipation = 200mW at +3.3V
Data Rates Up to 3.2Gbps
Adjustable Cable Driver Output Amplitude
Equalizer Automatically Adjusts for Different
Cable Lengths
0dB to 30dB Equalization at 1.6GHz (3.2Gbps)Loss-of-Signal (LOS) Indicator
Cable Integrity Monitor (CIM)
On-Chip Input and Output Terminations
Low External Component CountOperating Temperature Range = 0°C to +85°C
ESD Protection on Cable Inputs and Outputs
MAX3800
3.2Gbps Adaptive Equalizer and Cable Driver
________________________________________________________________ Maxim Integrated Products 1
Ordering Information
DOUT
EIN
DIN
EOUT
MAX3800
DOUT
EIN
DIN
THIS SYMBOL INDICATES A CONTROLLED-IMPEDANCE TRANSMISSION LINE.
EOUT
RMOD CIM
MAX3800
CARD 2
CARD 1
+3.3V
+3.3V
LOS RMOD CIMLOS
Typical Application Circuit
19-1953; Rev 3; 12/05
PART
TEMP
RANGE
PIN­PACKAGE
PKG
CODE
MAX3800UGJ
32 QFN
G3255-1
MAX3800UHJ
AA-EP
MAX3800UHJ+
AA-EP
*EP = exposed pad +Denotes lead-free package.
Pin Configuration appears at end of data sheet.
For pricing, delivery, and ordering information, please contact Maxim/Dallas Direct! at 1-888-629-4642, or visit Maxim’s website at www.maxim-ic.com.
0°C to +85°C 0°C to +85°C 0°C to +85°C
32 TQFP-EP*
32 TQFP-EP*
MAX3800
3.2Gbps Adaptive Equalizer and Cable Driver
2 _______________________________________________________________________________________
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS
DC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
(VCC= +3.14V to +3.46V, TA= 0°C to +85°C. Typical values are at VCC= +3.3V and TA= +25°C, unless otherwise noted.)
Stresses beyond those listed under “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated in the operational sections of the specifications is not implied. Exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability.
Supply Voltage, VCC..............................................-0.5V to +6.0V
Voltage at LOS, RMOD, and CIM...............-0.5V to (V
CC
+ 0.5V)
Voltage at EIN+, EIN-, DIN+, DIN- .....(V
CC
- 1V) to (VCC+ 0.5V)
Current Out of EOUT+, EOUT-, DOUT+, DOUT- ................25mA
Continuous Power Dissipation (T
A
= +85°C)
32-Pin TQFP-EP (derate 22.2mW/°C above +85°C) ...1444mW
Operating Ambient Temperature Range ................0°C to +85°C
Storage Temperature Range .............................-55°C to +150°C
Lead Temperature (soldering, 10s) .................................+300°C
PARAMETER
CONDITIONS
UNITS
Supply Current I
CC
Includes external load current (Note 1) 65 85 mA
CABLE DRIVER INPUT SPECIFICATIONS
Input Voltage (Single-Ended)
V
DIN+,
V
DIN-
V
Input Voltage (Differential) V
DIN
V
DIN
= (V
DIN+
) - (V
DIN-
)
mVp-p
Input Impedance Single-ended 45 55 65
CABLE DRIVER OUTPUT SPECIFICATIONS
R
MOD
= 10k (Note 2)
mVp-p
Output Voltage (Differential)
R
MOD
= 20k (Note 2)
550
mVp-p
Output Impedance Single-ended 50
75
CABLE EQUALIZER INPUT SPECIFICATIONS
M i ni m um C ab l e Inp ut ( D i ffer enti al )
700
mVp-p
M axi m um C ab l e Inp ut ( D i ffer enti al )
mVp-p
Input Impedance Single-ended 45 55 65
CABLE EQUALIZER OUTPUT SPECIFICATIONS
Output Voltage (Differential) (Note 2)
mVp-p
Output Impedance Single-ended 50
75
V ol tag e at C IM Outp ut ( D i ffer enti al )
V
CIM
No external load, V
CIM
= (V
CIM+
) - (V
CIM-
)
Vp-p
Voltage at CIM Output (Single-Ended)
V
CIM+,
V
CIM-
No external load 0.5
V
Output high (Note 4) 2.4 V
Voltage at LOS
Output low (Note 4) 0.4 V
Outp ut C om m on- M od e V ol tag e Each output DC-coupled 50 to V
CC
V
CC
- 0.2 V
SYMBOL
MIN TYP MAX
V
CC
- 0.6
400 1100
750 870 1000
400 450
62.5
3.2Gbps, 30dB cable loss at 1.6GHz (Note 3) 650
1100
500 1000
62.5
-0.5 +0.5
V
CC
+ 0.2
V
CC
- 0.5
MAX3800
3.2Gbps Adaptive Equalizer and Cable Driver
_______________________________________________________________________________________ 3
Note 1: Equalizer and driver total currents (equalizer with maximum equalization and driver with maximum output swing). Note 2: Input voltage within specification limits, 50to V
CC
at each output.
Note 3: Minimum cable input for LOS to assert high. Note 4: 100kload to ground. Note 5: AC electrical characteristics are guaranteed by design and characterization.
Note 6: V
DIN
= 400mVp-p to 1100mVp-p (differential), 10kΩ≤RMOD 20k, 3.2Gbps 213-1 PRBS with 100 consecutive ones and
100 consecutive zeros substituted.
Note 7: Includes random jitter and deterministic jitter. Note 8: Differential cable input voltage = 700mVp-p, 3.2Gbps 213-1 PRBS with 100 consecutive ones and 100 consecutive zeros
substituted. Cable loss is due to skin effect only.
AC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
(VCC= +3.14V to +3.46V, TA= 0°C to +85°C. Typical values are at VCC= +3.3V and TA= +25°C, unless otherwise noted.) (Note 5)
PARAMETER
SYMBOL
CONDITIONS
MIN
TYP
MAX
UNITS
Maximum Input Data Rate 3.2
Gbps
CABLE DRIVER SPECIFICATIONS
Random Jitter (Note 6) 2 4
mUI
RMS
Deterministic Jitter (Note 6) 20 60
mUIp-p
Output Edge Speed 20% to 80% 59 76 ps
Input Return Loss (Single-Ended)
3.2GHz 14 dB
Outp ut Retur n Loss ( S i ng l e- E nd ed )
3.2GHz 14 dB
EQUALIZER SPECIFICATIONS
0dB cable loss (Note 8)
mUIp-p
24dB cable loss (Note 8) 97
mUIp-p
Residual Jitter (Note 7)
30dB cable loss (Note 8)
mUIp-p
Output Edge Speed 20% to 80% 56 77 ps
Input Return Loss (Single-Ended)
3.2GHz 14 dB
Outp ut Retur n Loss ( S i ng l e- E nd ed )
3.2GHz 14 dB
Equalization Compensation 1.6GHz (skin-effect losses only) 30 dB
Equalization Time Constant s
170 240
200
112 200
MAX3800
3.2Gbps Adaptive Equalizer and Cable Driver
4 _______________________________________________________________________________________
20
30
25
40
35
50
45
55
65
60
70
020304010 50 60 70 80 90
SUPPLY CURRENT vs. TEMPERATURE
MAX3800 toc01
TEMPERATURE (°C)
SUPPLY CURRENT (mA)
DRIVER + EQUALIZER
EQUALIZER
DRIVER
400
600
500
900
800
700
1200
1100
1000
1300
410713161922
CABLE DRIVER OUTPUT VOLTAGE vs. RMOD
MAX3800 toc02
R
MOD
(kΩ)
DRIVER OUTPUT VOLTAGE (mV)
-50
-30
-40
-10
-20
10
0
20
40
30
50
0 0.8 1.2 1.60.4 2.0 2.4 2.8 3.63.2 4.0
DRIVER INPUT RETURN LOSS (S11)
MAX3800 toc03
FREQUENCY (GHz)
GAIN (dB)
-50
-30
-40
-10
-20
10
0
20
40
30
50
0 0.8 1.2 1.60.4 2.0 2.4 2.8 3.63.2 4.0
DRIVER OUTPUT RETURN LOSS (S22)
MAX3800 toc04
FREQUENCY (GHz)
GAIN (dB)
30
35
45
40
50
55
0.001 0.10.01 1 10 100
EQUALIZER RESIDUAL JITTER vs. POWER SUPPLY
NOISE (100mVp-p SINE WAVE) (40FT OF MADISON
#14887 SHIELDED TWISTED PAIR-DIFFERENTIAL)
MAX3800 toc05
NOISE FREQUENCY (MHz)
JITTER (ps
p-p
)
40
60
50
80
70
100
90
110
40 50 5545 60 65 70 75 80 85 (INCHES)
EQUALIZER RESIDUAL JITTER vs. LINE LENGTH
(FR-4 6MIL STRIPLINE - SINGLE-ENDED)
MAX3800 toc09
LINE LENGTH
JITTER (ps
p-p
)
3.2Gbps
622Mbps
2.5Gbps
1.02 1.27 1.401.14 1.52 1.65 1.77 1.90 2.03 2.16 (METERS)
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
10 20 30 40 50 (FEET)
EQUALIZER RESIDUAL JITTER vs.
CABLE LENGTH (MADISON #13887 SHIELDED
TWISTED PAIR-DIFFERENTIAL)
MAX3800 toc07
CABLE LENGTH
JITTER (ps
p-p
)
3.2Gbps 622Mbps
2.5Gbps
3.05 6.1 9.14 12.19 15.24 (METERS)
40
80
60
120
100
140
160
25 55 6535 45 75 85 95 (FEET)
EQUALIZER RESIDUAL JITTER vs.
CABLE LENGTH (RG179B 75 COAXIAL
CABLE - SINGLE-ENDED)
MAX3800 toc08
CABLE LENGTH
JITTER (ps
p-p
)
3.2Gbps
622Mbps
2.5Gbps
7.65 16.76 19.8110.67 13.72 22.86 25.91 28.96 (METERS)
70
80
100
90
120
130
110
140
300 500 600400 700 800 900 1000 1100
EQUALIZER RESIDUAL JITTER vs. CABLE
INPUT AMPLITUDE (RG179B 75
COAXIAL CABLE - SINGLE-ENDED)
MAX3800 toc06
CABLE INPUT AMPLITUDE (mV)
JITTER (ps
p-p
)
25 FT
72 FT
Typical Operating Characteristics
(TA = +25°C, VCC= +3.3V, all jitter measurements done at 3.2Gbps, 700mV cable input with 213-1 PRBS pattern with 100 consecutive ones and 100 consecutive zeros substituted. Note: Test pattern produces near worst-case jitter results. Results will vary with pattern, unless otherwise noted.)
MAX3800
3.2Gbps Adaptive Equalizer and Cable Driver
_______________________________________________________________________________________ 5
EQUALIZER INPUT AFTER
115FT OF CABLE (TOP)
EQUALIZER OUTPUT (BOTTOM)
MAX3800 toc10
EQUALIZER OUTPUT EYE DIAGRAM
AFTER 115FT OF 50 GORE 89 CABLE
(DIFFERENTIAL, 2
7
-1 PRBS)
MAX3800 toc11
60ps/div (2.5Gbps)
EQUALIZER OUTPUT EYE DIAGRAM
AFTER 100FT OF 75 RG179 CABLE
(SINGLE-ENDED, 2
7
-1 PRBS)
MAX3800 toc12
68ps/div (2.5Gbps)
EQUALIZER OUTPUT EYE DIAGRAM
AFTER 100FT OF BELDEN 9207 CABLE
(DIFFERENTIAL, 2
7
-1 PRBS)
MAX3800 toc13
60ps/div (2.5Gbps)
60ps/div (2.5Gbps)
EQUALIZER OUTPUT EYE DIAGRAM
AFTER 50FT OF MADISON #14887
SHIELDED TWISTED PAIR CABLE
(DIFFERENTIAL, 2
7
-1 PRBS)
MAX3800 toc14
1.2
1.5
1.4
1.3
1.6
1.7
1.8
0403010 20 50 60 70 80 90 100
CIM VOLTAGE vs. CABLE LENGTH
(RG179B 75 COAXIAL CABLE -
SINGLE-ENDED)
MAX3800 toc15
CABLE LENGTH (FEET)
CIM VOLTAGE (V)
CIM-
CIM+
-50
-30
-40
-10
-20
10
0
20
40
30
50
0 0.8 1.2 1.60.4 2.0 2.4 2.8 3.63.2 4.0
EQUALIZER INPUT RETURN LOSS (S11)
MAX3800 toc16
FREQUENCY (GHz)
GAIN (dB)
-50
-30
-40
-10
-20
10
0
20
40
30
50
0 0.8 1.2 1.60.4 2.0 2.4 2.8 3.63.2 4.0
EQUALIZER OUTPUT RETURN LOSS (S22)
MAX3800 toc17
FREQUENCY (GHz)
GAIN (dB)
Typical Operating Characteristics (continued)
(TA = +25°C, VCC= +3.3V, all jitter measurements done at 3.2Gbps, 700mV cable input with 213-1 PRBS pattern with 100 consecutive ones and 100 consecutive zeros substituted. Note: Test pattern produces near worst-case jitter results. Results will vary with pattern, unless otherwise noted.)
Detailed Description
The MAX3800 consists of a cable driver (transmitter) and an adaptive cable equalizer (receiver). The driver and equalizer are implemented on the same chip, but they are completely independent.
The Cable Driver
The cable driver accepts differential or single-ended current-mode logic (CML) input data at rates up to
3.2Gbps. The driver output is also implemented using CML. The maximum output amplitude can be adjusted over a typical range of 450mV to 870mV by changing the value of the RMOD resistor between 10kΩ and 20k(this resistor is connected between the RMOD pin and ground).
The Adaptive Cable Equalizer
The adaptive cable equalizer accepts differential CML input data at rates up to 3.2Gbps and is capable of equalizing differential or single-ended signals. It auto­matically adjusts to attenuation levels of up to 30dB at
1.6GHz (due to skin-effect losses in copper cable). The equalizer consists of a CML input buffer, a loss-of-sig-
nal detector, a flat response amplifier, a skin-effect compensation amplifier, a current-steering network, a dual power-detector feedback loop, an output limiting amplifier, and a CML output buffer (Figure 1).
General Theory of Operation
The shape of the power spectrum of a random bit stream can be described by the square of the sinc function, where sinc f = (sin πf) / πf. For sufficiently long bit patterns (nonrandom bit streams), sinc2(f) is a good approximation. From the shape of the sinc2(f) function, we can estimate the ratio of the power densities at any two frequencies. The MAX3800 adaptive equalizer employs this principle by incorporating a feedback loop that continuously monitors the power at two frequencies and dynamically adjusts the equalizer to maintain the correct power ratio.
CML Input and Output Buffers
The input and output buffers are implemented using current-mode logic (CML). Equivalent circuits are shown in Figures 2 and 3. For details on interfacing with
MAX3800
3.2Gbps Adaptive Equalizer and Cable Driver
6 _______________________________________________________________________________________
PIN NAME FUNCTION
1, 3, 6, 11, 14
V
CCE
Equalizer Power Supply
2, 7, 10, 15,
23, 24, 26, 31
GND Ground
4 EIN+ Positive Equalizer Input, CML
5 EIN- Negative Equalizer Input, CML
8 CIM- Negative Cable Integrity Monitor (CIM) Output
9 CIM+ Positive Cable Integrity Monitor (CIM) Output
12 EOUT- Negative Equalizer Output, CML
13 EOUT+ Positive Equalizer Output, CML
16, 17 N.C. No Connection. Leave unconnected.
18 LOS Equalizer Loss-of-Signal Output, Active-Low
19, 22, 27,
30, 32
V
CCD
Driver Power Supply
20 DIN+ Positive Driver Input, CML
21 DIN- Negative Driver Input, CML
25 RMOD
Driver Output Modulation Adjust. A resistor connected from this pin to GND controls driver output voltage.
28 DOUT+ Positive Driver Output, CML
29 DOUT- Negative Driver Output, CML
EP
Exposed
Pad
Ground. The exposed pad must be soldered to the circuit board ground plane for proper thermal and electrical performance.
Pin Description
MAX3800
3.2Gbps Adaptive Equalizer and Cable Driver
_______________________________________________________________________________________ 7
VARIABLE
ATTENUATOR
LIMITING AMP
CABLE
DRIVER
FLAT RESPONSE AMP
Σ
f
MAX3800
LOOP
FILTER
|H(f)|
|H(f)|
VARIABLE
ATTENUATOR
200MHz
PWR DETECTOR
600MHz
PWR DETECTOR
CIM-
CIM+
CMLCML
CMLCML
R
MOD
EIN
DOUT
EOUT
DIN
P0WER
DETECTOR
LOS
CURRENT STEERING NETWORK
SKIN EFFECT COMPEN­SATION AMP
Figure 1. Functional Diagram
IN-
IN+
GND
ESD
STRUCTURES
V
CC
50
50
Figure 2. CML Input Equivalent Circuit
Figure 3. CML Output Equivalent Circuit
62.5 62.5
V
GND
CC
ESD STRUCTURES
OUT+
OUT-
MAX3800
CML, see Maxim application note HFAN-1.0, Interfacing Between CML, PECL, and LVDS.
Flat Response and Skin-Effect
Compensation Amplifiers
The buffered input waveform is fed equally to two amplifiers—the flat response amplifier and the skin­effect compensation amplifier. The flat response ampli­fier has a constant gain over the entire frequency range of the device, and the skin-effect compensation amplifi­er has a gain characteristic that approximates the inverse of the skin-effect attenuation inherent in copper cable. The skin-effect attenuation, in dB per unit length, is proportional to the square root of the frequency. The output currents from the two amplifiers are supplied to the current-steering network. Note that when LOS asserts low, equalization is minimized.
Current-Steering Network
The function of the current-steering network is to com­bine adjustable quantities of the output currents from the flat response and skin-effect compensation ampli­fiers to achieve a desired current ratio. The ratio adjust­ment is controlled by the dual power-detector feedback loop.
The current-steering network is implemented with a pair of variable attenuators that feed into a current-summing node. The variable attenuators are used to attenuate the output currents of the flat response and skin-effect compensation amplifiers under control of the dual power-detector feedback loop. The outputs of the two attenuators are combined at the summing node and then fed to the output limiting amplifier and the feed­back loop.
Dual Power-Detector Feedback Loop
The output of the current-steering network is applied to the inputs of two frequency-specific power detectors. One of the power detectors is tuned to 200MHz and the other is tuned to 600MHz. The outputs of the two power detectors are applied to the inverting (200MHz power detector) and noninverting (600MHz power detector) inputs of the differential loop amplifier. The differential outputs of the loop amplifier control the variable attenu­ators in the current-steering network.
Output Limiting Amplifier
The output limiting amplifier amplifies the signal from the current-steering network to achieve the specified output voltage swing.
Applications Information
Refer to Maxim application note HFDN-10.0, Equalizing Gigabit Copper Cable Links with the MAX3800 (avail-
able at www.maxim-ic.com) for additional applications information.
Selecting RMOD
The cable driver output amplitude can be adjusted by connecting a resistor with a value from 10kto 20k between the RMOD pin and ground. The exact output amplitude of the driver for a given value of RMOD resis­tance is dependent on a number of factors. Refer to the Typical Operating Characteristics “Cable Driver Output Voltage vs. RMOD” for typical values.
Cable Integrity Monitor (CIM)
The differential CIM output current is directly propor­tional to the output current of the loop amplifier (which controls the current-steering network—see Detailed Description). This is an analog current output that indi­cates the amount of equalization that is being applied. A convenient way to monitor the CIM current is to con­nect a 100kresistor from each of the CIM outputs to ground, and then measure the voltage at the CIM pins.
The amount of equalization (and thus the CIM output level) is affected by various factors, including cable type, cable length, signal bandwidth, etc. Refer to the Typical Operating Characteristics “CIM Voltage vs. Cable Length” for typical values under specific condi­tions.
Loss-of-Signal (
LLOOSS
) Output
Loss-of-signal is indicated by the LOS output. A low level on LOS indicates that the equalizer input signal power has dropped below a threshold. The LOS output indicates a loss of signal. When the equalizer no longer detects a signal from the channel, the LOS output goes low. When there is sufficient input voltage to the chan­nel (typically greater that 650mV), LOS is high. The LOS output is suitable for indicating problems with the trans­mission link caused by, for example, a broken cable, a defective driver, or a lost connection to the equalizer.
3.2Gbps Adaptive Equalizer and Cable Driver
8 _______________________________________________________________________________________
Single-Ended Operation
For single-ended operation of the cable driver or equal­izer, connect the unused input to ground through a series combination of a capacitor (of equal value to other AC-coupling capacitors) and a 50resistor. Note that the MAX3800 is specified for differential operation.
Layout Considerations
The MAX3800’s performance can be significantly affected by circuit-board layout and design. Use good high-frequency design techniques, including minimiz­ing ground inductance and using fixed-impedance transmission lines for the high-frequency data signals. Power-supply decoupling capacitors should be placed as close as possible to VCC.
MAX3800
3.2Gbps Adaptive Equalizer and Cable Driver
_______________________________________________________________________________________ 9
MAX3800
TOP VIEW
32 28
293031
25
26
27
GND
V
CCD
DOUT-
DOUT+
V
CCD
V
CCD
GND
RMOD
10
13
15
14
1611 12
9
CIM+
V
CCE
GND
EOUT+
EOUT-
GND
V
CCE
N.C.
2
3
4
5
6
7
8CIM-
GND
V
CCE
EIN-
EIN+
V
CCE
GND
1V
CCE
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
GND
24 GND
V
CCD
DIN-
DIN+
V
CCD
N.C.
LOS
Pin Configuration
MAX3800
3.2Gbps Adaptive Equalizer and Cable Driver
10 ______________________________________________________________________________________
32L QFN.EPS
Package Information
(The package drawing(s) in this data sheet may not reflect the most current specifications. For the latest package outline information go to www.maxim-ic.com/packages
.)
MAX3800
3.2Gbps Adaptive Equalizer and Cable Driver
______________________________________________________________________________________ 11
Package Information (continued)
(The package drawing(s) in this data sheet may not reflect the most current specifications. For the latest package outline information go to www.maxim-ic.com/packages
.)
MAX3800
3.2Gbps Adaptive Equalizer and Cable Driver
12 ______________________________________________________________________________________
32L,TQFP.EPS
F
1
2
21-0079
PACKAGE OUTLINE, 32L TQFP, 5x5x1.0mm, EP OPTION
Package Information (continued)
(The package drawing(s) in this data sheet may not reflect the most current specifications. For the latest package outline information go to www.maxim-ic.com/packages
.)
MAX3800
3.2Gbps Adaptive Equalizer and Cable Driver
Maxim cannot assume responsibility for use of any circuitry other than circuitry entirely embodied in a Maxim product. No circuit patent licenses are implied. Maxim reserves the right to change the circuitry and specifications without notice at any time.
Maxim Integrated Products, 120 San Gabriel Drive, Sunnyvale, CA 94086 408-737-7600 ____________________ 13
© 2005 Maxim Integrated Products Printed USA is a registered trademark of Maxim Integrated Products, Inc.
F
2
2
21-0079
PACKAGE OUTLINE, 32L TQFP, 5x5x1.0mm, EP OPTION
Package Information (continued)
(The package drawing(s) in this data sheet may not reflect the most current specifications. For the latest package outline information go to www.maxim-ic.com/packages
.)
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