The MAX3543 hybrid broadband single-conversion television tuner is designed for use in analog (PAL, SECAM)
+ digital (DVB-T, GB20600) television sets and terrestrial
receivers. It receives all television bands from 47MHz
to 862MHz and converts the selected channel to an
industry-standard 36MHz IF.
The MAX3543 includes a variable-gain low-noise input
amplifier; an RF tracking filter; an image rejection mixer;
a peak detector; an optional internal, self-contained
RF gain-control loop (RFAGC); a VCO with fractional-N
PLL; an IF bandpass filter; an IF variable-gain amplifier;
separate analog and digital IF outputs; and a crystal
oscillator.
The MAX3543 is available in a small, 6mm x 6mm, thin QFN
package, and the application circuit fits in 20mm x 25mm on
a two-layer board with single-sided component mounting.
Applications
DVB-T/DVB-T2 +
PAL/SECAM
DVB-C + PAL/SECAM
DTMB/GB20600 + PAL
ATSC + NTSC
Multiband Analog and
Digital Television Tuner
Features
SStandard IF Architecture Ensures < -70dBc Spurs
S Integrated RF Tracking Filter
S Integrated IF Bandpass Filter
S
Full-Band Coverage (47MHz to 862MHz)
S
70dB Image Rejection
S
4dB Noise Figure
S
Fast-Locking, Low Phase-Noise PLL Supports
256QAM
SCrystal Oscillator and Buffer/Divider to Drive
Baseband IC
S745mW Power Dissipation
Ordering Information
PARTTEMP RANGEPIN-PACKAGE
MAX3543CTL+
0NC to +70NC
+Denotes a lead(Pb)-free/RoHS-compliant package.
*EP = Exposed paddle.
RF Input Power .............................................................. +10dBm
MAX3543
Stresses beyond those listed under “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional
operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated in the operational sections of the specifications is not implied. Exposure to absolute
maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability.
CC
+ 0.3V)
DC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
(MAX3543 Evaluation Kit, VCC = 3.1V to 3.5V, TA = 0NC to +70NC, registers set according to Table 1. Typical values are at VCC =
3.3V, T
= +25NC, unless otherwise noted.) (Note 1)
A
PARAMETERCONDITIONSMINTYPMAXUNITS
SUPPLY VOLTAGE AND CURRENT
Supply Voltage3.13.5V
Supply Current
RF and IF VGC Input
Bias Current
RF and IF VGC Control VoltageMaximum gain 3.0V
RF and IF VGC Control VoltageMinimum gain0.5V
SERIAL INTERFACE
Input Logic-Level Low
Input Logic-Level High
Output Logic-Level Low3mA sink current0.4V
Output Logic-Level High
Maximum Clock Rate400kHz
IF VGA enabled225270
Standby (REF oscillator on) R08[7] = 15
Frequency (Note 2)1632MHz
External Overdrive LevelAC-coupled sine-wave input0.51.5V
REFERENCE OSCILLATOR OUTPUT BUFFER
Output Frequency/1, /4 modes44f
Output Level
Note 1: Guaranteed by production test at +25NC. 0NC and +70NC are guaranteed by design and characterization.
Note 2: Guaranteed by design and characterization.
Table 1 shows register settings to configure the MAX3543
for operation with a 16MHz crystal frequency and
666MHz RF frequency with a differential LC bandpass
filter.
Table 1. Typical Register Settings
MAX3543
REGISTER
NAME
R000x00VCO4C4C
R010x01NDIV INT2B57
R020x02NDIV FRAC28E9C
R030x03NDIV FRAC1264C
R040x04NDIV FRAC0 (VAS Trigger)66CD
R050x05MODE CTRLD8DA
R060x06TFSCalculated from ROM valuesCalculated from ROM values
R070x07TFPCalculated from ROM valuesCalculated from ROM values
R080x08SHUTDOWN0008
R090x09REF CONFIG0A0A
R0A0x0AVAS CONFIG1616
R0B0x0BPWRDET CFG14343
R0C0x0CPWRDET CFG20103
R0D0x0DFILT CF ADJRead from ROMRead from ROM
R0E0x0EROM ADDR0000
R0F0x0FIRHRRead from ROMRead from ROM
R100x10ROM READBACKRead onlyRead only
R110x11VAS STATUSRead onlyRead only
R120x12GEN STATUSRead onlyRead only
R130x13BIAS ADJ5616
R140x14TEST14040
R150x15ROM WRITE DATAMaxim use onlyMaxim use only
3RFVGCRF VGA Gain Control Voltage. Accepts a DC voltage from 0.5V to 3V.
4V
5RFGND2
6IFOUT1A
7IFOUT1B
8IFVGCIF VGA Gain Control Voltage. Accepts a DC voltage from 0.5V to 3V.
9ADDR
10, 11IFIN-, IFIN+ Differential IF VGA Input. Connect to the IF filter output.
12, 17, 26GNDGround. Connect pin to paddle ground to minimize trace inductance.
13, 27,
29, 39
14IFOUT2
15, 16
18REFOUTCrystal Output to Drive Baseband IC. Output frequency is f
19V
20SCL
21XTALB
22XTALECrystal Oscillator Emitter. Connect a capacitor to ground and a capacitor to XTALB.
23REFDIV
24SDA
25TUNEPLL Charge-Pump Output and TUNE Input. Connect to the PLL loop filter.
28LDOBYP
CCIF
V
CC
DTVOUT-,
DTVOUT+
CCDIG
High-Frequency RF Input. Matched to 75I over the operating band. Requires a DC-blocking capacitor.
RF Ground. Bypass to the PCB’s ground plane with a 1000pF capacitor. Keep traces as short as
possible to minimize inductance to ground plane. Do not connect RFGND1 and RFGND2 together.
IF Power Supply. Requires a 600I series ferrite bead to a bypass capacitor to ground.
RF Ground. Bypass to the PCB’s ground plane with a 1000pF capacitor. Keep traces as short as
possible to minimize inductance to ground plane. Do not connect RFGND1 and RFGND2 together.
Dual-Mode DTV IF Output. In single-ended mode, this pin is the IF signal output. In differential mode, this
pin is the positive terminal of the differential IF output.
Dual-Mode DTV IF Output. In single-ended mode, this pin is the SAW filter bandwidth switch. In
differential mode, this pin is the negative terminal of the differential IF output.
2-Wire Serial-Interface Address Line. This pin sets the device address for the I
interface. There are three selectable addresses based on the state of this pin: logic-low, logic-high, or
unconnected.
Power-Supply Connections. Bypass each supply pin with a separate 1000pF capacitor to ground.
Single-Ended IF Output. Connect to the analog demodulator input. Requires a 1000pF DC-blocking
capacitor.
Differential IF VGA Output. Connect to the demodulator input. Requires a 1000pF DC-blocking capacitor.
or f
XTAL
Digital Supply. Requires a 15I series resistor to a 1FF bypass capacitor.
2-Wire Serial Clock Interface. Connect to the serial bus and ensure the bus includes an approximately
5kI pullup resistor.
Crystal Oscillator Base. Connect to the crystal through a DC-blocking capacitor and connect a capacitor
to XTALE.
Reference Frequency Divider Control. Three modes are available depending on the state of this pin:
high = f
register is not guaranteed; therefore, unconnected mode should only be used if the controller can
reprogram I
2-Wire Serial Data Interface. Connect to serial bus and ensure the bus includes an approximately 5kI
pullup resistor.
Bypass for On-Chip VCO LDO. Bypass to ground with a 0.47FF capacitor.
/1, low = f
XTAL
2
C in any of the divider settings.
/4, unconnected = state determined by register. Note: Power-up state of
30TFVL1*VHF Low Tracking Filter 1
31TFVL2*VHF Low Tracking Filter 2
32TFVH1*VHF High Tracking Filter 1
33TFVH2*VHF High Tracking Filter 2
MAX3543
34TFU1*UHF Tracking Filter 1
35TFU2A*UHF Tracking Filter 2A
36TFU2B*UHF Tracking Filter 2B
37TFU3*UHF Tracking Filter 3
38LEXT*RF VGA Supply Voltage. Connect through a 270nH pullup inductor to V
40RFINL
—EP (GND) Exposed Paddle Ground. Solder evenly to the PCB ground plane for proper operation.
*Improper placement of these inductors degrades image rejection, gain, and noise figure. Copy Maxim reference design layout
exactly in this area.
Low-Frequency RF Input. Matched to 75I over the operating band. Requires a DC-blocking capacitor.
CC
.
Detailed Description
I2C-Compatible Serial Interface
The MAX3543 uses a 2-wire I2C-compatible serial interface consisting of a serial data line (SDA) and a serial
clock line (SCL). SDA and SCL facilitate bidirectional
communication between the MAX3543 and the master
at clock frequencies up to 400kHz. The master initiates a
data transfer on the bus and generates the SCL signal to
permit data transfer. The MAX3543 behaves as a slave
device that transfers and receives data to and from the
master. Pull SDA and SCL high with external pullup resistors for proper bus operation.
One bit is transferred during each SCL clock cycle. A
minimum of nine clock cycles is required to transfer a
byte in or out of the MAX3543 (8 data bits and an ACK/
NACK). The data on SDA must remain stable during the
high period of the SCL clock pulse. Changes in SDA
while SCL is high and stable are considered control signals (see the START and STOP Conditions section). Both
SDA and SCL remain high when the bus is not busy.
START and STOP Conditions
The master initiates a transmission with a START condition (S), which is a high-to-low transition on SDA while
SCL is high. The master terminates a transmission with a
STOP condition (P), which is a low-to-high transition on
SDA while SCL is high.
Acknowledge and Not-Acknowledge Conditions
Data transfers are framed with an acknowledge bit (ACK)
or a not-acknowledge bit (NACK). Both the master and
the MAX3543 (slave) generate acknowledge bits. To
generate an acknowledge, the receiving device must
pull SDA low before the rising edge of the acknowledgerelated clock pulse (ninth pulse) and keep it low during
the high period of the clock pulse.
To generate a not-acknowledge condition, the receiver
allows SDA to be pulled high before the rising edge
of the acknowledge-related clock pulse, and leaves
SDA high during the high period of the clock pulse.
Monitoring the acknowledge bits allows for detection of
unsuccessful data transfers. An unsuccessful data transfer happens if a receiving device is busy or if a system
fault has occurred. In the event of an unsuccessful data
transfer, the bus master must reattempt communication
at a later time.
Slave Address
The MAX3543 has a 7-bit slave address plus one R/W
bit. These 8 bits must be sent to the device following a
START condition to initiate communication. The slave
address is determined by the state of the ADDR pin as
shown in Table 2.
The MAX3543 continuously awaits a START condition followed by its slave address. When the device recognizes
Figure 2 illustrates an example in which registers 0, 1,
and 2 are written with 0x0E, 0xD8, and 0xE1, respectively.
its slave address, it acknowledges by pulling the SDA
line low for one clock period; it is ready to accept or send
data depending on the R/W bit (Figure 1).
Write Cycle
When addressed with a write command, the MAX3543
allows the master to write to a single register or to multiple successive registers.
A write cycle begins with the bus master issuing a START
condition followed by the 7 slave address bits and a write
bit (R/W = 0). The MAX3543 issues an ACK if the slave
address byte is successfully received. The bus master
must then send to the slave the address of the first register it wishes to write to. If the slave acknowledges the
address, the master can then write 1 byte to the register
at the specified address. Data is written beginning with
the most significant bit. The MAX3543 again issues an
ACK if the data is successfully written to the register.
The master can continue to write data to the successive
internal registers with the MAX3543 acknowledging each
successful transfer, or it can terminate transmission by
A read cycle begins with the bus master issuing a START
condition followed by the 7 slave address bits and a
write bit (R/W = 0). The MAX3543 issues an ACK if the
slave address byte is successfully received. The master
then sends the 8-bit address of the first register that it
wishes to read. The MAX3543 then issues another ACK.
Next, the master must issue a START condition followed
by the 7 slave address bits and a read bit (R/W = 1). The
MAX3543 issues an ACK if it successfully recognizes
its address and begins sending data from the speci-
fied register address starting with the most significant
bit (MSB). Data is clocked out of the MAX3543 on the
rising edge of SCL. On the ninth rising edge of SCL, the
master can issue an ACK and continue reading succes-
sive registers or it can issue a NACK followed by a STOP
condition to terminate transmission. The read cycle does
not terminate until the master issues a STOP condition.
Figure 3 illustrates an example in which registers 0 and
1 are read back.
issuing a STOP condition. The write cycle does not termi-
nate until the master issues a STOP condition.
P
Read Cycle
WRITE DEVICE
START
ADDRESS
11000[ADDR2][ADDR1]0—————
R/W
WRITE REGISTER
ACKACKACKACKACK
ADDRESS
0x00
WRITE DATA TO
REGISTER 0x00
0x0E
WRITE DATA TO
REGISTER 0x01
Figure 2. Example: Write registers 0, 1, and 2 with 0x0E, 0xD8, and 0xE1, respectively.
WRITE DEVICE
START
110000[ADDR2][ADDR1]
ADDRESS
R/W
ADDRESS
0x00
WRITE 1ST REGISTER
ACKNACK
ACK
—
START
WRITE DEVICE
110000[ADDR2][ADDR1]0——
ADDRESS
R/W
1—
Figure 3. Example: Read data from registers 0 and 1.
The MAX3543 includes 18 programmable registers,
two status registers (read only), one register for ROM
readback (read only), and one for Maxim use only. The
programmable registers configure the VCO settings, PLL
settings, detector and AGC settings, state control, bias
adjustments, individual block shutdown, and the tracking filter frequency. These programmable registers are
MAX3543
also readable. The read-only registers include two status
registers and a ROM table data register.
Typical bit settings are provided only for user conve-
nience and are not guaranteed at power-up. All registers
must be written no earlier than 100Fs after power-up
or recovery from a brownout event (i.e., when
drops below 1V) to initialize the registers. Then follow
up by rewriting the registers needed for channel/fre-
quency programming (i.e., registers R00–R04). The typi-
cal values listed in Table 3 configure the MAX3543 for
DTV reception with 16MHz crystal, 8MHz channel BW,
36.15MHz IF center frequency, differential LC bandpass
Note: Registers should be written in the order of ascending addresses. When changing frequency, write R00 to R07 in order of
ascending addresses to ensure proper VCO setup.
Table 4. R00: VCO Register—VCO and LO Divider Control (Address: 00h)
BIT NAME
VCO[1:0]7:601
VSUB[3:0]5:20011
VDIV[1:0]1:000
BIT LOCATION
(0 = LSB)
TYPICAL
SETTING
FUNCTION
VCO select. Selects one of three VCOs when VAS = 0, or selects the VCO starting
band when VASS = 0.
00 = Selects VCO1 (approximately 2200MHz to 2800MHz)
01 = Selects VCO2 (approximately 2800MHz to 3500MHz)
10 = Selects VCO3 (approximately 3500MHz to 4400MHz)
11 = VCO shutdown
VCO sub-band select. Selects one of 16 possible VCO sub-bands when VAS = 0,
or selects the VCO starting sub-band when VASS = 0.
0000 = Selects SB0
…
1111 = Selects SB15
VCO divider ratio select.
00 = Sets VCO divider to 4 (use when fLO > 550MHz)
01 = Sets VCO divider to 8 (use when 275MHz < f
10 = Sets VCO divider to 16 (use when 137.5MHz < f
11 = Sets VCO divider to 32 (use when f
< 137.5MHz)
LO
< 550MHz)
LO
< 275MHz)
LO
MAX3543
Table 5. R01: NDIV INT Register—Integer Part of N-Divider (Address: 01h)
BIT NAME
NINT[7:0]7:0
BIT LOCATION
(0 = LSB)
TYPICAL
SETTING
0010
1011
FUNCTION
Sets the PLL integer divide number (N)
Table 6. R02: NDIV FRAC2 Register—N-Divider Fractional Part [19:16] and R-Divider
(Address: 02h)
BIT
NAME
CPS71
CP60For Maxim use only
RDIV[1:0]5:400
F[19:16]3:01110N-divider fractional part bits 19:16 (out of 19:0)
BIT LOCATION
(0 = LSB)
TYPICAL
SETTING
FUNCTION
Sets the charge-pump current-selection mode between automatic and manual.
Must set to 1 for proper operation.
Reference divider.
00 = /1
01 = /2
1X = Maxim use only
Programs series capacitor values in the tracking filter. The value is determined
from the values in the ROM table applied to an equation executed in the Maximprovided device driver code.
Programs parallel capacitor values in the tracking filter. The value is determined
from the values in the ROM table applied to an equation executed in the Maximprovided device driver code.
Table 12. R08: SHUTDOWN Register—Shutdown Control (Address: 08h)
BIT NAME
STBY70
SDRF60RF shutdown. Must set to 0 for proper operation.
SDMIX50Mixer shutdown. Must set to 0 for proper operation.
SDIF40IF shutdown. Must set to 0 for proper operation.
SDIFVG30
SDPD20Power-detector shutdown. Must set to 0 for proper operation.
SDSYN10Frequency synthesizer shutdown. Must set to 0 for proper operation.
SDVCO00VCO shutdown. Must set to 0 for proper operation.
BIT LOCATION
(0 = LSB)
TYPICAL
SETTING
FUNCTION
Standby.
1 = All circuits shut down except crystal oscillator and REFOUT
IF VGA shutdown.
0 = IF VGA enabled
1 = IF VGA disabled
Sets crystal oscillator divider for REFOUT signal when REFDIV pin is unconnected.
0: f
1: f
REFOUT
REFOUT
= f
= f
XTAL
XTAL
/4
Multiband Analog and
Digital Television Tuner
Table 14. R0A: VAS CONFIG Register—VCO Autoselect Configuration (Address: 0Ah)
BIT NAME
LFDIV[1:0]7:600
BIT LOCATION
(0 = LSB)
MAX3543
VASS50
VAS41Controls the VCO autoselect (VAS) function. Must set to 1 for proper operation.
ADL30
ADE20
LTC[1:0]1:010Sets the VCO autoselect wait time. Must set to 10 for proper operation.
Note: Only production tested and guaranteed functional in states 0001 0010, 0101 0010, and 1001 0010. All other states are
untested and may not function correctly. Contact Maxim if untested settings will be used in production.
TYPICAL
SETTING
FUNCTION
Sets the low-frequency clock divider.
00 = Use for 16MHz P f
01 = Use for 20MHz P f
10 = Use for 28MHz P f
11 = Unused
Controls the VCO autoselect (VAS) start conditions function.
0 = VAS starts from the current VCO/VCOSB loaded in the VCO[1:0] and VSUB[3:0]
bits (in R00)
1 = VAS starts from the currently used VCO and VCOSB
Enables or disables the VCO tuning voltage ADC latch when the VCO autoselect
(VAS) mode is disabled.
0 = Disables the ADC latch
1 = Latches the ADC value
Enables or disables VCO tuning voltage ADC read when the VCO autoselect (VAS)
mode is disabled.
0 = Disables ADC read
1 = Enables ADC read
Note: Only production tested and guaranteed functional in state X100 X011, where X can be either 0 or 1. All other states are
untested and may not function correctly. Contact Maxim if untested settings will be used in production.
Enables or disables wideband power detector.
0 = Enables wideband power detector. Use this state for autonomous RFAGC.
1 = Disables wideband power detector
Sets the wideband power-detector attack point (takeover point).
000 = Min
100 = Nom (see the Typical Operating Characteristics)
111 = Max
Enables or disables narrowband power detector.
0 = Enables narrowband detector. Use this state for autonomous RFAGC.
1 = Disables narrowband detector
Sets the narrowband power-detector attack point (takeover point).
000 = Min
011 = Nom (see the Typical Operating Characteristics)
111 = Max
RF IF AGC diode voltage.
00 = Approximately 0.6V
01 = Approximately 0.95V
10 = Approximately 1.3V
11 = Off
Table 17. R0D: FILT CF ADJ Register—IF Filter Center Frequency and BW Adjustment
(Address: 0Dh)
BIT NAME
EMPTY7:600Empty
CFSET[5:0]5:0ROM
Note: Only production tested and guaranteed functional in factory-trimmed state from ROM table. All other states are untested and
may not function correctly. Contact Maxim if untested settings will be used in production.
BIT LOCATION
(0 = LSB)
TYPICAL
SETTING
FUNCTION
Sets the IF filter center frequency and bandwidth. For proper operation, must read
value from ROM address A[5:0] and write that value to this register.
Table 18. R0E: ROM ADDR Register—ROM Address (Address: 0Eh)
BIT NAME
EMPTY7:400Empty
ROMA[3:0]3:00000
BIT LOCATION
(0 = LSB)
TYPICAL
SETTING
FUNCTION
Address bits of the ROM register to be read or written. Must set to 0000 when not
reading the ROM table.
Table 19. R0F: IRHR Register (Address: 0Fh
BIT NAME
IRHR[7:0]7:0ROM
Note: Only production tested and guaranteed functional in factory-trimmed state from ROM table. All other states are untested and
may not function correctly.
BIT LOCATION
(0 = LSB)
TYPICAL
SETTING
For proper operation, must read value from ROM address B[7:0] and write that
value to this register.
)
FUNCTION
Table 20. R10: ROM READBACK Register—ROM Readback (Address: 10h)
BIT NAME
ROMR[7:0]7:0N/AData bits read from the ROM table address as specified by R0E[3:0]
EMPTY70Empty
MIXGM61Mixer gain setting. Set to 0 for ATV mode. Set to 1 for DTV mode.
LNA2B[1:0]5:401
MIXB[1:0]3:201
FILTB11Must set to 1 for proper operation
IFVGAB00
Note: Only production tested and guaranteed functional in state 0XX1 X11X, where X can be either 0 or 1. All other states are
untested and may not function correctly. Contact Maxim if untested settings will be used in production.
BIT LOCATION
(0 = LSB)
TYPICAL
SETTING
TYPICAL
SETTING
TYPICAL
SETTING
FUNCTION
Indicates which VCO has been selected by either the autoselect state machine
or by manual selection when the VSA state machine is disabled. See the R00
description for the VCO[1:0] definition.
Indicates which sub-band of a particular VCO has been selected by either the
autoselect state machine or by manual selection when the VSA state machine is
disabled. See the R00 description for the VSUB[3:0] definition.
Indicates whether VCO autoselection was successful.
0 = Indicates the autoselect function is disabled or unsuccessful VCO selection
1 = Indicates successful VCO autoselection
Status indicator for the autoselect function.
0 = Indicates the autoselect function is active
1 = Indicates the autoselect process is inactive
FUNCTION
VCO tuning voltage indicators.
000 = PLL not in lock, tune to the next lowest sub-band
001 to 110 = PLL in lock
111 = PLL not in lock, tune to the next higher sub-band
FUNCTION
LNA bias.
00 = Unused
01 = Nominal setting. Use for all standards except SECAM L/L’.
10 = Unused
11 = Highest linearity setting. Use for SECAM L/L’.
Mixer bias.
00 = Unused
01 = Nominal setting. Use for all standards except SECAM L/L’.
10 = Unused
11 = Highest linearity setting. Use for SECAM L/L’.
IF VGA bias.
0 = Default
1 = Highest current (approximately nominal + 6mA)
Note: This register is not available to the end user.
BIT LOCATION
(0 = LSB)
Table 25. R15: ROM WRITE DATA Register (Address: 15h)
BIT NAME
ROMW[7:0]7:0N/AMaxim use only
Note: This register is not available to the end user.
BIT LOCATION
(0 = LSB)
TYPICAL
SETTING
0100
0000
TYPICAL
SETTING
FUNCTION
Must set to 0100 0000 for proper operation
FUNCTION
MAX3543
Applications Information
RF Inputs and Filters
The MAX3543 features separate low- and high-frequency
inputs. These two inputs are combined to a single input
by an off-chip diplexer circuit as shown in the Typical Application Circuit. When the desired channel is less
than 345MHz, use RFINL. When the desired input is
greater than 345MHz, use RFINH. Further, when the
desired input is less than 110MHz, an internal lowpass
filter should be enabled to limit high-frequency interference incident at the mixer input. The lowpass filter is
enabled by the RFLPF bit in R05[5].
Besides selecting the appropriate input port and setting
RFLPF appropriately, one of three tracking filters must
be chosen based on the desired frequency. Set TFB
(R05[3:2]) to select VHFL, VHFH, or UHF tracking filter
bands. Use VHFL when the desired frequency is less
than 196MHz, use VHFH when the desired frequency
is between 196MHz and 440MHz, or use UHF when the
desired frequency is greater than 440MHz.
RF Gain Control
The MAX3543 is designed to control its own RF gain
based on internally measured signal and blocker levels.
The user can adjust the AGC attack points (takeover
points) by setting WDPA and NDPA in register R0B.
Alternatively, the user can control the RF gain by driving
the RFVGC input pin.
VCO and VCO Divider Selection
The MAX3543 frequency synthesizer includes three
VCOs with 16 sub-bands for each VCO. These VCOs
and sub-bands are selected to best center the VCO
near the operating frequency. This selection process is
performed automatically by the VAS circuitry. The Maxim
driver software seeds the VCO starting band for fastest
selection time.
In addition to VCO selection, a VCO divider value of 32,
16, 8, or 4 must be selected to provide the desired mixer
LO drive frequency. The divider is selected by VDIV in
register R00[1:0].
Reading the ROM Table
The MAX3543 includes 13 ROM registers to store factory calibration data (see Table 26). Each ROM table
entry must be read using a two-step process. First,
the address of the ROM bits to be read must be programmed into the ROM ADDR register (R0E[3:0]).
Once the address has been programmed, the data
stored in that address is automatically transferred to the
ROM READBACK register (R10[7:0]). The ROM data at
the specified address can then be read from the ROM
READBACK register and stored in the microprocessor’s
local memory. After all ROM registers have been read
and stored in the microprocessor’s local memory, ROM
ADDR must be programmed to 00 for proper operation.
The MAX3543 includes a programmable tracking filter
for each band of operation to optimize rejection of outof-band interference while minimizing insertion loss for
the desired received signal. The center frequency of
each tracking filter is selected by a switched-capacitor
array that is programmed by the TFS[7:0] bits in the R06
register and the TFP[5:0] bits in the R07 register.
Optimal tracking filter settings for each channel vary from
part to part due to process variations. To accommodate
part-to-part variations, each part is factory calibrated by
Maxim. During calibration the correction factors for the
series and parallel tracking capacitor arrays are calculated and written into an internal ROM table. The user must
read the ROM table upon power-up and store the data
in local memory (8 bytes total) to calculate the optimal
TFS and TFP settings for each channel. The equation for
setting TFS and TFP at each channel is available in the
device driver code provided by Maxim. Table 26 shows
the address and bits for each ROM table entry.
Layout Recommendations
IMPORTANT: The MAX3543 includes on-chip tracking
filters that utilize external inductors placed on the PCB
at pins 30 through 37. Because the tracking filters operate at frequencies up to 862MHz, they are sensitive to
the inductor and PCB trace parasitics. To achieve the
optimal RF performance (gain, noise figure, and image
rejection), MAX3543 is production tested and trimmed
with the exact same inductors, their relative location
and orientation, and the trace parasitics present on the
MAX3543 Reference Design. To avoid performance degradation, PCB designs should exactly copy the RF section of the Reference Design layout and use the inductors specified in the Reference Design bill of materials.
Contact Maxim to obtain the Reference Design layout to
use as a starting point for PCB designs.
In addition to the aforementioned requirements, follow
general good RF layout practices. Keep RF signal lines
as short as possible to minimize losses and radiation.
Use controlled impedance on all high-frequency traces.
The exposed paddle must be soldered evenly to the
board’s ground plane for proper operation. Use abundant vias beneath the exposed paddle and maximize
the area of continuous ground plane around the paddle
on the bottom layer for maximum heat dissipation. Use
abundant ground vias between RF traces to minimize
undesired coupling.
To minimize coupling between different sections of the
IC, the ideal power-supply layout is a star configuration, which has a large decoupling capacitor at the
central V
node, with each trace going to separate V
MAX3543. Each V
with a low impedance to ground at the frequency of interest. Do not share ground vias among multiple connections to the PCB ground plane.
For the latest package outline information and land patterns, go to www.maxim-ic.com/packages. Note that a “+”, “#”, or “-” in the
package code indicates RoHS status only. Package drawings may show a different suffix character, but the drawing pertains to the
package regardless of RoHS status.
Updated Applications, extended Frequency specification in AC Electrical
Characteristics, and updated Tables 14, 15, and 23 to enable some
features
PAGES
CHANGED
1, 3, 14, 16
Maxim cannot assume responsibility for use of any circuitry other than circuitry entirely embodied in a Maxim product. No circuit patent licenses are implied.
Maxim reserves the right to change the circuitry and specifications without notice at any time.
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