MAXIM MAX3270 User Manual

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19-0379; Rev 0; 3/95
155Mbps/622Mbps Clock Recovery and
Data Retiming IC with Fully Integrated
_______________General Description
The MAX3270 is a complete Clock Recovery and Data Retiming IC for 155Mbps and 622Mbps SDH/SONET and ATM applications. The MAX3270 meets Bellcore and CCITT jitter tolerance specifications ensuring error­free data recovery. Recovered clock and data are phase aligned using a fully integrated phase-locked loop (PLL). An output frequency monitor (FM) is includ­ed to detect loss of PLL acquisition or a loss of input data.
The MAX3270 has differential ECL input and output interfaces, so it is less susceptible to noise in a high­frequency environment. The fully integrated PLL includes an integrated phase-frequency detector that eliminates the need for external references.
________________________Applications
155Mbps (STM-1/OC-3)/622Mbps (STM-4/ OC-12) SDH/SONET Transmission Systems
155Mbps/622Mbps ATM/SONET Access Nodes Add/Drop Multiplexers Cross-Connects
Phase/Frequency Detector
____________________________Features
Supports Both 155Mbps and 622Mbps Clock
Recovery and Data Retiming
Fully Integrated Phase/Frequency DetectorCapable of Switching to an External ClockDifferential 100K ECL Data and Clock I/OsOutput Monitor Provides Lock DetectionNo External Reference Clock Required
______________Ordering Information
PART
MAX3270EMH -40°C to +85°C
Pin Configuration appears at end of data sheet.
TEMP. RANGE PIN-PACKAGE
44 MQFP
MAX3270
___________________________________________________Typical Operating Circuit
3
SDIP
50
-2V
4
SDIN
41
PHADJ
50
-2V
50
EXCS AND CRS ARE CONNECTED FOR 622Mbps OPERATION.
42
VR
13
EXCS
18
CRS
20
+5V
-2V
RST
14
EXC
________________________________________________________________
+5V
17219 3839
11
VTTL
DVCC
DVCC
16 15 57 272932
AVCC
DVCC
AVCC
DVCC
AVCC
AVCC
24
OVCC
OVCC
OVCC
MAX3270
AVEE1
AVEE2
GVEE
DVEE
DVEE
DVEE
DVEE
DVEE
1
12
-4.5V-4.5V -4.5V
ANALOG SUPPLY
35 36 22 21 34
-4.5V DIGITAL SUPPLY
-2V
50
50
5050
26
RDOP
25
OVCC
RDON
31
RCOP
30
RCON
28
CRP
9
FILP FILG
FILN
FM
BYPASS SUPPLIES WITH 0.1µF AND 0.01µF CAPACITORS. DECOUPLE AVEE1, AVEE2, AND GVEE SUPPLY PINS.
2.2µF
8 10
2.2µF
6
Maxim Integrated Products
-4.5V
450
20
20
Call toll free 1-800-998-8800 for free samples or literature.
1
155Mbps/622Mbps Clock Recovery and Data Retiming IC with Fully Integrated Phase/Frequency Detector
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS
Supply Voltages
VTTL to GND .....................................................-0.5V to +8.0V
to GND.......................................................-0.5V to +8.0V
V
CC
to GND........................................................-8.0V to +0.5V
V
EE
SDIP, SDIN, EXC...................................................-8.0V to +0.5V
RDOP, RDON, RCOP, RCON, CRP.......................-8.0V to +0.5V
EXCS, RST, CRS....................................................-0.5V to +8.0V
FILP, FILG, FILN....................................................-8.0V to +0.5V
MAX3270
Stresses beyond those listed under “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated in the operational sections of the specifications is not implied. Exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability.
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
(VEE= -4.5V ±5%, VTTL = 5V ±5%, TA= -40°C to +85°C, unless otherwise noted.)
PHADJ, VR ............................................................-8.0V to +8.0V
FM .........................................................................-8.0V to +8.0V
Input Differential Voltage Level, SDIP, SDIN ......................+3.0V
Continuous Power Dissipation (T
Operating Temperature Range ...........................-40°C to +85°C
Storage Temperature Range.............................-55°C to +150°C
Lead Temperature (soldering, 10sec).............................+300°C
= +85°C).......................1.3W
A
Positive Voltage Supply (with respect to ground)
Negative Voltage Supply (with respect to ground)
Static Supply Current from VTTL Static Supply Current from V
ECL INPUTS: EXC, SDIP, SDIN
Input High Voltage Input Low Voltage Input High Current Input Low Current
ECL OUTPUTS: RCOP, RCON, RDOP, RDON
Output High Voltage Output Low Voltage
LOW-POWER ECL OUTPUT: CRP
Output High Voltage Output Low Voltage
TTL INPUTS: CRS, RST, EXCS
Input High Voltage Input Low Voltage Input High Current Input Low Current
PHASE ADJUST INPUTS: PHADJ, VR
Input Bias Current
EE
TTL
EE
TTL VEE
IH IL
VIN= VOH(typ)
IH
VIN= VOL(typ)
IL
Loaded with 50to -2V
OH
Loaded with 50to -2V
OL
Loaded with 470to V
OH
Loaded with 470to V
OL
IH
IL
VTTL = 5.00V, VIN = 2V
IH
VTTL = 5.00V, VIN = 0.8V
IL
VR = PHADJ = 0, T
BIAS
CONDITIONS
EE EE
= +25°C
A
UNITSMIN TYP MAXSYMBOLPARAMETER
V4.75 5.00 5.25V
V-4.725 -4.50 -4.275V
mA2.4 5I mA150 210I
mV-1165 -870V mV-1830 -1475V
µA0 100I nA-100 100I
mV-1025 -955 -870V mV-1830 -1705 -1550V
mV-1025 -955 -870V mV-1830 -1705 -1620V
V2V
V0.8V µA040I µA040I
µA010I
2 _______________________________________________________________________________________
155Mbps/622Mbps Clock Recovery and
Data Retiming IC with Fully Integrated
Phase/Frequency Detector
AC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued)
(VEE= -4.5V, VTTL = 5V, TA= 25°C, unless otherwise noted.)
MAX3270
CONDITIONS
UNITSMIN TYP MAXSYMBOLPARAMETER
ECL OUTPUTS: RDOP, RDON, RCOP, RCON
Transition Time 20% to 80%
Loaded with 50to -2V and
f
5pF to GND Loaded with 50to -2V and
5pF to GND
ps600tr, t
ps100TDTime Difference between RDO and RCO
PFD AND FILTER AMPLIFIER TEST LEVELS
Output Offset Voltage of the Monitor Amplifier
PHADJ = 0, FILP and FILN shorted mV-35 35V
O
PHADJ = 0 FILP and FILN open
V/V0.95 1.05GFMGain of the Monitor Amplifier dB21 26GOLFilter Amplifier Open-Loop Voltage Gain
VCO TEST PARAMETERS; CPR OUTPUT
Center Frequency Frequency Range
Mean Frequency Sensitivity Frequency Sensitivity to
Power-Supply Voltage
FILP and FILN shorted,
O
PFD = neutral state FILP - FILN = 1.6V
O
FILP - FILN = 1.6V
O
FILP and FILN shorted
OV
MHz38.00 39.50F MHz610DF
MHz/V3.75 6K
kHz/V550K
PLL ELECTRICAL SPECIFICATIONS
Frequency of VCO Incremental Tuning Sensitivity
(Incremental Slope, f/Vt)
O
O
ft= 622.08MHz
MHz622.08F
MHz/V75K
mV/rad192KDPhase-Detector Gain
mA/V1.25GmTransconduction Gain of Filter Amplifier
Phase Offset Sensitivity, Φ/PHADJ
PHADJ
rad/V2K
__________________________________________Typical Operating Characteristics
VEE SUPPLY CURRENT
190 185 180
175 170 165
SUPPLY CURRENT (mA)
160
EE
V
155 150
-40 80
vs. TEMPERATURE
-4.75V
-4.5V
-4.25V
0 40 60 100-20 20
TEMPERATURE (°C)
_______________________________________________________________________________________ 3
MAX3270-TOC9
CRP FREE-RUNNING FREQUENCY (VCO/16)
39.0
38.9
38.8
38.7
38.6
FREQUENCY (MHz)
38.5
38.4
38.3
vs. DIE TEMPERATURE
0 60 80 100
20 40 50 70 9010 30
TEMPERATURE (°C)
MEASURED
MAX3270-TOC5
155Mbps/622Mbps Clock Recovery and
)
Data Retiming IC with Fully Integrated Phase/Frequency Detector
__________________________________________Typical Operating Characteristics
10.0
MAX3270
1.0
AMPLITUDE (UI p-p)
0.1 10 1k 10k 100k 1M
10.0
100
JITTER TOLERANCE
(155Mbps, 2
FREQUENCY (Hz)
JITTER TOLERANCE
(622Mbps, 2
23
-1 PRBS)
23
-1 PRBS)
DATA
BELLCORE
MASK
MAX3270-TOC1
MAX3270-TOC2
1.0
AMPLITUDE (UI p-p)
0.1
10 1k 10k 100k 1M
4 _______________________________________________________________________________________
100
FREQUENCY (Hz
DATA
BELLCORE
MASK
155Mbps/622Mbps Clock Recovery and
Data Retiming IC with Fully Integrated
Phase/Frequency Detector
__________________________________________Typical Operating Characteristics
MAX3270
155Mbps RECOVERED CLOCK AND
RETIMED DATA (SINGLE ENDED)
RECOVERED CLOCK JITTER 
RF = 20
= 2.2µF
C
F
7
-1 PRBS, 5.1ps RMS)
10ps/div
(155Mbps, 2
Mean 40.61ns RMS 5.13ps PkPk 45.6ps 
2ns/div
µ±1σ 68.961% µ±2σ 95.844% µ±3σ 99.717%
622Mbps RECOVERED CLOCK AND
RETIMED DATA (SINGLE ENDED)
DATA
CLOCK
RECOVERED CLOCK JITTER 
(155Mbps, 1-0 PATTERN, 4.7ps RMS)
RF = 20
= 2.2µF
C
F
10ps/div Mean 40.65ns RMS 4.7ps PkPk 38.4ps 
µ±1σ 69.674% µ±2σ 95.558% µ±3σ 99.698%
500ps/div
RECOVERED CLOCK JITTER 
RF = 20
= 2.2µF
C
F
7
-1 PRBS 9.0ps RMS)
10ps/div
(622Mbps 2
Mean 38.68ns RMS 9.049ps PkPk 79.4ps 
DATA
CLOCK
µ±1σ 69.747% µ±2σ 95.453% µ±3σ 99.582%
_______________________________________________________________________________________
5
155Mbps/622Mbps Clock Recovery and Data Retiming IC with Fully Integrated Phase/Frequency Detector
______________________________________________________________Pin Description
PIN
Guard-Ring Negative Supply to Substrate: -4.5VGVEE1 Negative Supply for Input Buffers: -4.5VAVEE12 Serial Data Input: 155Mbps or 622Mbps. Differential ECL Positive.SDIP3 Serial Data Input: 155Mbps or 622Mbps. Differential ECL Negative.SDIN4
MAX3270
FM6
14 EXC External Clock. Single-ended ECL input.
15, 16 AVCC Ground for VCO: 0V
17, 19, 38,
39
18 CRS 20 RST Resets all digital flip-flops, TTL input. Reset is assert when low.
21, 22, 34,
35, 36
23, 33, 37,
40, 43, 44
24, 27, 29,
32 25 RDON Negative Recovered Data Output, differential ECL output: 155Mbps or 622Mbps.
26 RDOP Positive Recovered Data Output, differential ECL output: 155Mbps or 622Mbps. 28 CRP Clock-Reference Output Divide-by-4. ECL low-power single-ended: 38Mbps or 155Mbps. 30 RCON Negative Recovered Clock Output, differential ECL output: 155Mbps or 622Mbps. 31 RCOP Positive Recovered Clock Output, differential ECL output: 155Mbps or 622Mbps.
41 PHADJ 42 VR Phase Reference Voltage: 0V. The PHADJ pin compares to this voltage. Set to ground.
DVCC Digital Ground for Mux: 0V
DVEE Digital Negative Supply: -4.5V
N.C. No Connection
OVCC Output Driver Ground: 0V
Ground for Input Buffers: 0VAVCC5 Frequency Monitor Output. This pin monitors the input voltage to the VCO. When the PLL is locked,
the pin will be 0V. Guard-Ring Positive Supply to Epi: 0VAVCC7
Loop Filter Ground. This pin connects to an external filter.FILG8 Loop Filter Positive. This pin connects to an external filter.FILP9 Loop Filter Negative. This pin connects to an external filter.FILN10 TTL Positive Supply: +5.0VVTTL11 Negative Supply for VCO: -4.5VAVEE212 External Clock-Select TTL Input. A logical high selects the external clock.EXCS13
Clock-Rate Select TTL Input. This selects the clock rate to be either 155Mbps or 622Mbps. A logic­high level selects the 622Mbps mode.
Phase Adjust. This is an analog adjustment that varies the static phase between the input data and the recovered clock. If not used, this input should be grounded. The range is from -1V to 1V.
FUNCTIONNAME
6 _______________________________________________________________________________________
155Mbps/622Mbps Clock Recovery and
Data Retiming IC with Fully Integrated
Phase/Frequency Detector
_______________Detailed Description
The block diagram of Figure 1 shows the MAX3270’s architecture. The phase-locked loop (PLL) consists of a phase/frequency detector (PFD), a loop filter amplifier, and a voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO).
Phase Detector
The phase detector produces a voltage proportional to the phase difference of the incoming data and the out­put of the recovered clock. Because of its feedback nature, the PLL will drive the error voltage to zero, mak­ing the phase difference zero and aligning the recov­ered clock to the incoming data. An external phase-adjustment pin (PHADJ) allows the user to vary phase alignment.
Frequency Detector
A frequency detector is also incorporated into the PLL. Frequency detection aids in the acquisition of the input data; this frequency-aided acquisition is necessary dur­ing start-up conditions, since the input data stream and VCO difference frequency may be outside the PLL
bandwidth. The input data stream is sampled by quad­rature components of the VCO clock, generating a dif­ference frequency. Depending on the rotation of the difference frequency, the PFD will drive the VCO so that the difference frequency is driven to zero. Once fre­quency acquisition is obtained, the frequency detector will return to a neutral state.
Loop Filter and VCO
The PLL is a second-order transfer function whose bandwidth is set by the loop filter. The VCO is integrat­ed into the PLL and always operates at 622MHz. The center frequency is tightly controlled by laser trimming, limiting frequency drift when lock is lost. 155Mbps or 622Mbps mode is selected by the clock-rate select (CRS) pin. CRS selects the inputs to multiplexer MUX2.
The internal VCO can be bypassed with an external clock applied to the EXC input. The external clock select (EXCS) controls the input selections to multiplex­ers MUX1 and MUX2.
MAX3270
SDIP
SDIN
MAX3270
Figure 1. Block Diagram
_______________________________________________________________________________________ 7
PHASE/FREQ
DETECTOR
CLK
MUX 3
OUTPUT
PHADJ VR
0
1
FILPQFILN
FILTER AMP
MUX 2 MUX 1
1
0
155MHz
INPUT
622MHz
FM
100k
ECL
RDOP
RECOVERED
RDON
CRP 38/155MHz
RECOVERED
RCOP RCON EXCS
EXC
RST CRS
DATA
CLOCK
VCO
622.08MHz
D
CLK
DIVIDE-
BY-4
RST
0
1
100k
ECL
100k
ECL
155Mbps/622Mbps Clock Recovery and Data Retiming IC with Fully Integrated Phase/Frequency Detector
__________________Design Procedure
The MAX3270 is intended for use in SDH/SONET sys-
Selecting the Data Rate
tems operating at 155.52Mbps or 622.08Mbps data rates. TTL inputs (CRS and EXCS) are provided for selecting the recovered clock rate (Table 1). It is also possible to switch to an externally supplied clock by enabling the EXC input. The EXC input is a high-speed
MAX3270
single-ended ECL interface capable of handling serial clock rates of 155MHz and 622MHz.
Table 1. MAX3270 Logic Table
EXCS CRS RCOP/RCON CRP
0 1 155.52Mbps 38.88Mbps 0 0 622.08Mbps 155.52Mbps 1 0 EXC EXC/4 1 1 EXC/4 EXC/16
The loop filter within the PLL consist of a transconduc­tance amplifier and the external filter elements Rf and Cf (Figure 2). The closed-loop bandwidth of a PLL can be approximated by:
where KDis the gain of the phase detector, KO is the gain of the VCO, and Gm is the transconductance of the filter amplifier. Because this filter is an integrator, a zero in the open-loop gain is required for stability. This zero is set by the following equation:
where the recommended external values are Rf = 20 and Cf = 2.2µF. To decrease the PLL’s closed-loop bandwidth, reduce the value of Rf. Decreasing this bandwidth will improve the MAX3270’s jitter transfer performance but reduce jitter tolerance. The MAX3270 has been designed (using the recommended values of Rf and Cf) to meet the Bellcore and CCITT specifica­tions for jitter tolerance of a Network Element. Carefully consider the application if a reduction in loop band­width is desired. By reducing Rf an order of magnitude, the PLL’s bandwidth becomes more sensitive to the internal tolerances of the IC. As a result, the loop band­width may have a wider variation. If Rf is reduced, then Cf should also be increased to maintain loop stability and minimize jitter peaking.
Setting the Loop Filter
KDKOGm Rf
wz= 1 / (Rf Cf)
MAX3270
Gm
FILP
Rf
Cf
Figure 2. Loop Filter
RECOVERED DATA OUTPUT
13
-1 PRBS WITH 200 CONSECUTIVE ONES
(2
200 ONES
Figure 3. Recovered Data Output
BER <10
12
-
100ns/div 2.532µs1.532µs
The MAX3270 is optimally designed to acquire lock and to provide a bit-error rate (BER) of less than 10 for long strings of consecutive zeros or ones. Using the recommended external values for Rf = 20and Cf =
2.2µF, measured results show that the MAX3270 can tolerate more than 200 consecutive ones or zeros. Figure 3 shows a bit stream of 213- 1 PRBS with 200 consecutive ones.
F(s)
FILG FILN
Rf
Cf
, 622Mbps)
PRBS
Gm
____________
F(s) =
____
wz =
Rf Cf Rf = 20 Cf = 2.2µF
s
___
+ 1
(
)
wz
Cf s
1
-12
8 _______________________________________________________________________________________
155Mbps/622Mbps Clock Recovery and
Data Retiming IC with Fully Integrated
Phase/Frequency Detector
The MAX3270 data and clock I/Os (SDIP, SDIN, RDOP, RDON, RCOP, RCON, and EXC) are open emitters, designed to interface with ECL signal levels. It is impor­tant to bias these ports appropriately. A circuit that pro­vides a Thevenin equivalent of 50to -2V should be used with fixed-impedance transmission lines for prop­er termination. Figure 4 shows some typical input and output termination methods.
The serial data input signals (SDIP and SDIN) are the differential inputs to an emitter coupled pair. As a result, the MAX3270 can accept differential input signal levels as low as 250mV. The serial input (SDIP) can also be driven single-ended by externally biasing SDIN to the center of the voltage swing (approximately -1.3V). Make sure that the differential inputs and outputs each see the same termination impedance for balanced operation.
CRP is also an open-emitter ECL output, but it requires a termination resistor of 450to -4.5V. If this output is not used, reduce power by connecting CRP to V through a resistor valued at 10kor more.
The MAX3270’s performance can be greatly affected by circuit board layout and design. Use good high-fre­quency design techniques, including minimizing ground inductances and using fixed-impedance trans­mission lines on the data and clock signals. Power-
Input and Output Termination
EE
supply decoupling should be placed as close to the VEE and VTTL pins as possible. AVEE1, AVEE2 and GVEE should each have their own bypass/decoupling elements, independent of each other and any other -
4.5V supply. Make sure to isolate the inputs from the outputs to reduce feedthrough.
__________Applications Information
Lock Detection
The MAX3270 has an output (FM) that monitors the input voltage to the VCO. FM is an analog output that can be used as a flag to indicate that the PLL is locked. Under normal operation, the loop is locked and the FM output is approximately equal to 0V. When the PLL is unlocked, the VCO will drift. The FM output monitors this drift and will equal approximately ±1V in the limit.
Phase Adjust
In some applications, the optimum alignment point between the recovered clock and the serial data is not at the center of the eye diagram. The MAX3270 has a PHADJ input that can be used in these applications to introduce a phase difference between the recovered clock and the serial data. When no phase difference is desired, this input should be set to 0V. The VR pin is the reference input for PHADJ and is normally tied to GND.
MAX3270
ECL
Zo = 50
Zo = 50
50
-2V
Figure 4. Typical Input and Output Terminations
INPUTS
OUTPUTS
50
MAX3270
50 to -2V TERMINATION
_______________________________________________________________________________________ 9
ECL
CRP
Zo = 50
Zo = 50
450
-4.5V
5050
-2V
90.9 90.9
Zo = 50
Zo = 50
111
-4.5V
MAX3270
ECL INPUTS
111
THEVENIN EQUIVALENT TERMINATION
ECL
OUTPUTS
CRP
90.9 90.9
Zo = 50
Zo = 50
450
-4.5V
111111
-4.5V
155Mbps/622Mbps Clock Recovery and Data Retiming IC with Fully Integrated Phase/Frequency Detector
__________________Pin Configuration
TOP VIEW
N.C.
VR
DVCC
PHADJ
N.C.
MAX3270
DVCC
3940414243
1716151413
N.C.
DVEE
363738
201918
DVEE
35
21
DVEE
34
22
33
N.C.
32
OVCC RCOP
31 30
RCON
29
OVCC
28
CRP
27
OVCC
26
RDOP
25
RDON
24
OVCC
23
N.C.
MAX3270
GVEE
SDIP
SDIN
AVCC
AVCC
FILG FILP FILN
VTTL
1 2 3 4 5
FM
6 7 8 9 10 11
AVEE1
N.C.
44
12
AVCC
DVCC
CRS
DVCC
RST
DVEE
DVEE
AVEE2
EXCS
EXC
AVCC
MQFP
10 ______________________________________________________________________________________
155Mbps/622Mbps Clock Recovery and
Data Retiming IC with Fully Integrated
Phase/Frequency Detector
________________________________________________________Package Information
MILLIMETERS INCHES
DIM
MIN
MAX
MIN
0.080
0.004
0.076
0.012
0.004
0.510
0.390
0.315 REF
0.510
0.390
0.315 REF
0.315 REF
0.025
0°
MAX
0.094
0.010
0.084
0.018
0.010
0.530
0.398 
0.530
0.398  
0.037
10°
21-0826A
b
SEE DETAIL "A"
D D1 D3
A
2.032
0.102
1.930
0.305
0.102
12.954
9.906
3.429 REF
12.954
9.906
3.429 REF
0.800 REF
0.660 0°
2.388
0.254
2.134
0.457
0.254
13.462
10.109 
13.462
10.109  
0.940 10°
E3
DETAIL "A"
C
E
E1
α
A2
A1
L
A1 A2
b
A
C
D D1 D3
E E1 E3
e
L
α
44-PIN MQFP
METRIC
QUAD FLAT PACK
e
MAX3270
______________________________________________________________________________________ 11
155Mbps/622Mbps Clock Recovery and Data Retiming IC with Fully Integrated Phase/Frequency Detector
MAX3270
Maxim cannot assume responsibility for use of any circuitry other than circuitry entirely embodied in a Maxim product. No circuit patent licenses are
Maxim cannot assume responsibility for use of any circuitry other than circuitry entirely embodied in a Maxim product. No circuit patent licenses are implied. Maxim reserves the right to change the circuitry and specifications without notice at any time.
implied. Maxim reserves the right to change the circuitry and specifications without notice at any time.
12
__________________Maxim Integrated Products, 120 San Gabriel Drive, Sunnyvale, CA 94086 (408) 737-7600
12
__________________Maxim Integrated Products, 120 San Gabriel Drive, Sunnyvale, CA 94086 (408) 737-7600
© 1995 Maxim Integrated Products Printed USA is a registered trademark of Maxim Integrated Products.
© 1995 Maxim Integrated Products Printed USA is a registered trademark of Maxim Integrated Products.
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