MAXIM MAX2900, MAX2904 User Manual

General Description

The MAX2900–MAX2904 complete single-chip 200mW transmitters are designed for use in the 868MHz/ 915MHz frequency bands. The MAX2900/MAX2901/ MAX2902 are compliant with the FCC CFR47 part 15.247 902MHz to 928MHz ISM-band specifications. MAX2903/ MAX2904 are compliant with the ETSI EN330-220 specification for the European 868MHz ISM band.

These transmitter ICs offer a high level of integration while minimizing the number of external components. This is achieved by full integration of the transmit modulator, power amplifier, RF VCO, 8-channel frequency synthesizer, and baseband PN sequence lowpass filter. By filtering the BPSK modulation, the spurious emissions are reduced, enabling up to eight independent transmit channels in the U.S. ISM band. Inputs are provided for spread-spectrum BPSK, ASK, and OOK. FM can be achieved by directly modulating the VCO. The devices are intended primarily for use with an external differential antenna.

Applications

Automatic Meter Reading Wireless Security Systems/Alarms Wireless Sensors Wireless Data Networks Wireless Building Control

Features

♦ Versions for U.S. 902MHz to 928MHz Band and

European 868MHz Band

♦ -7dBm to +23dBm Adjustable Differential RF

Output Power

♦ +23dBm Output Power at 4.5V, +20dBm Output

Power at 3.0V

♦ Support BPSK, OOK, ASK, and FM Modulations ♦ Modulation Filter for Direct Sequence BPSK up to

8Mchips/s

♦ Fully Integrated VCO with On-Chip Tank ♦ Extremely Low Frequency Pulling for OOK

Modulation (typ 60kHz peak, 5kHz RMS)

♦ Integrated Frequency Synthesizer for up to

8 Channels (MAX2900)

♦ +2.7V to +4.5V Supply Operation ♦ Small 28-Pin QFN Package with Exposed Pad

(5mm ✕5mm)

MAX2900–MAX2904

200mW Single-Chip Transmitter ICs for

868MHz/915MHz ISM Bands

________________________________________________________________ Maxim Integrated Products 1

810911121314

27 25 24 23 22

REFEN

RLPF

VCC1

VREG

GND

VTUNE

GND

RF-

RF+

GND

DIVOUT

VCO-

VCO+

OSC

REFIN

VCC4

REFOUT

DIV63

VCC5

CPOUT

VCC3

PWRSET

VASK

VCC2

OOKIN

MODIN

DUAL-

CHANNEL

(/62 OR /63)

SYNTHESIZER

GATE

REG

MAX2901/

MAX2903

Functional Diagrams/Pin Configurations

19-2145; Rev 2; 12/07

Ordering Information

*Exposed pad

PART

TEMP RANGE

PIN-PACKAGE

MAX2900EGI -40°C to +85°C 28 QFN-EP*

MAX2901EGI -40°C to +85°C 28 QFN-EP*

MAX2902EGI -40°C to +85°C 28 QFN-EP*

MAX2903EGI -40°C to +85°C 28 QFN-EP*

MAX2904EGI -40°C to +85°C 28 QFN-EP*

Functional Diagrams/Pin Configurations are continued at end of data sheet.

For pricing, delivery, and ordering information, please contact Maxim Direct at 1-888-629-4642, or visit Maxim’s website at www.maxim-ic.com.

VCC5

CPOUT

27 25 24 23 22

VTUNE

GND

VREG

VCC1

RLPF

REFEN

MODIN

MAX2900

REG

GATE

810911121314

OOKIN

REFOUT

8-CHANNEL

SYNTHESIZER

VASK

VCC4

÷4

VCC2

REFIN

PWRSET

OSC

VCC3

N.C.

RF+

RF-

GND

MAX2900–MAX2904

200mW Single-Chip Transmitter ICs for 868MHz/915MHz ISM Bands

2 _______________________________________________________________________________________

ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS

DC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS

(VCC= +2.7V to +4.5V, EN = OOKIN = REFEN = high, TA= -40°C to +85°C. Typical values are at VCC= +4.5V, TA= +25°C, unless otherwise noted.) (Note 1)

Stresses beyond those listed under “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated in the operational sections of the specifications is not implied. Exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability.

VCCto GND...........................................................-0.3V to +5.0V

Analog/Digital Input Voltage to GND..........-0.3V to (V

+ 0.3V)

Analog/Digital Input Current ..............................................±10µA

Continuous Power Dissipation (T

= +70°C)

28-Pin QFN-EP (derate 28.5mW/°C above +70°C)............2W

Operating Temperature Range ...........................-40°C to +85°C

Junction Temperature .....................................................+150°C

Storage Temperature Range .............................-65°C to +150°C

Lead Temperature (soldering, 10s) .................................+300°C

PARAMETER CONDITIONS

UNITS

Supply Voltage

4.5 V

Shutdown mode: EN = REFEN = low

µA

Synth mode: OOKIN = low (MAX2900/MAX2901/MAX2903 only)

32 40

Transmit mode with output matching optimized for +23dBm at +4.5V: PWRSET loaded with 22kΩ resistor

= -40°C

to +85°C

Supply Current

Transmit mode with output matching optimized for +20dBm at +3.0V: PWRSET loaded with 22kΩ resistor

= -40°C

to +85°C

Five different versions are available. The versions differ by their frequency band of operation, and by the synthesizer’s mode of operation. The MAX2900 has an internal 8-channel synthesizer.

The MAX2901 and MAX2903 are dual-channel versions with a selectable internal synthesizer division ratio of 62 or 63. The MAX2901 operates in the 902MHz to 928MHz ISM band and the MAX2903 operates in the 867MHz to 870MHz European ISM band.

The MAX2902 and MAX2904 require an off-chip frequency synthesizer. The MAX2902 operates in the 902MHz– 928MHz ISM band and MAX2904 operates in the 867MHz–870MHz European ISM band.

The MAX2901–MAX2904 provide LO outputs to drive a receiver and/or an external synthesizer.

PART

FREQUENCY RANGE (MHz)

SYNTHESIZER LO OUTPUTS

MAX2900EGI 902 to 928

MAX2901EGI 902 to 928

Yes

MAX2902EGI 902 to 928 Off-chip Yes

MAX2903EGI 867 to 870

Yes

MAX2904EGI 867 to 870 Off-chip Yes

Part Selection Information

CAUTION! ESD SENSITIVE DEVICE

Internal 8 selectable channels

Internal 2 selectable channels

MIN -3σ TYP +3σ MAX

2.7 4.5

VCC = +4.0V 0.7

VCC = +4.5V

150 200

110 135

200

MAX2900–MAX2904

200mW Single-Chip Transmitter ICs for

868MHz/915MHz ISM Bands

_______________________________________________________________________________________ 3

DC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued)

(VCC= +2.7V to +4.5V, EN = OOKIN = REFEN = high, TA= -40°C to +85°C. Typical values are at VCC= +4.5V, TA= +25°C, unless otherwise noted.) (Note 1)

PARAMETER CONDITIONS

MIN

-3σ

TYP

+3σ

MAX

UNITS

Transmit mode with output matching optimized for +17dBm at +3.0V: PWRSET loaded with 36kΩ resistor

Transmit mode with output matching optimized for +14dBm at +3.0V: PWRSET loaded with 51kΩ resistor

Reference-only mode: EN = low 2 3

Supply Current (continued)

PA standby mode: OOKIN = low (MAX2902/MAX2904 only)

29 33

VCO Input Tuning Pin Current VTUNE = +4.5V, TA = +25°C

2µA

VREG VCO Regulator Voltage

D IG IT A L IN PU T /O U T PU T S ( P IN S E N , RE FE N , D 0, D 1, D 2, M O D IN , O OKIN , LD )

Input Level High

Input Level Low 0.5 V

Input Bias Current

10 µA

Output Level High

Output Level Low 0.4 V

Output Current

µA

ANALOG CONTROL INPUTS (PINS PWRSET, RLPF, VASK)

PWRSET Voltage

RLPF Voltage

VASK Input Impedance

100

220

400

kΩ

TA = +25°C

0.02

2.0

- 0.5V

-10

- 0.4

-100 100

1.2

MAX2900–MAX2904

200mW Single-Chip Transmitter ICs for 868MHz/915MHz ISM Bands

4 _______________________________________________________________________________________

AC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS

(MAX290_ EV kits. VCC= +2.7V to +4.5V, R

RLPF

= 68kΩ, R

PWRSET

= 22kΩ, fRF= 917.28MHz (MAX2900/MAX2901/MAX2902) or f

= 868MHz (MAX2903/MAX2904), VASK = VREG, f

REF

= 14.56MHz (MAX2900/MAX2901/MAX2902) or f

REF

= 13.62MHz

(MAX2903/MAX2904), chip rate on MODIN = 1.22Mbps, P

OUT

= +23dBm, TA= -40°C to +85°C. Typical values are at VCC= +4.5V,

= +25°C, unless otherwise noted.) (Note 1)

PARAMETER CONDITIONS

MIN

-3σ

TYP

+3σ

MAX

U N I T S

ANALOG INPUT PINS

VTUNE Input Capacitance VTUNE = +1.35V 15 p F

DIGITAL INPUT PINS

Digital Input Pin Capacitance 3 p F

VCO AND SYNTHESIZERS SECTION

(MAX2900/MAX2901/MAX2902)

RFOUT Frequency Range

(MAX2903/MAX2904)

M H z

(MAX2900/MAX2901/MAX2902) 14

REFIN Reference Frequency Range

(MAX2903/MAX2904) 13

M H z

REFDIV Fixed Reference Divider Ratio

(MAX2900) 4 4 4

Table 4 (MAX2900)

Main Divider Ratios

(MAX2901/MAX2903) 62 63

(MAX2900)

PLL Comparison Frequency

(MAX2901/MAX2903) 13 15

M H z

VCO Buffer Output Power

-12

d Bm

REFDIV Fixed Reference Divider Ratio

(MAX2901/MAX2903) 1 1 1

VCO Phase Noise

At 100kHz offset, measured at RFOUT, PLL loop BW = 5kHz

d Bc/H z

(MAX2900/MAX2901/MAX2902) 44 65 86

VCO Tuning Gain

(MAX2903/MAX2904) 85

M H z/V

kH z RM S

VCO Frequency Pulling with OOK Modulation

OOKIN clocked at 19kHz, internal (crystal) or external reference frequency 60

kH z p eak

PLL Phase Noise

Measured at RFOUT, 5kHz offset, PLL loop BW = 50kHz

-96

d Bc/H z

REFOUT Voltage Swing

m V p - p

CPOUT Charge Pump Current

µA

Reference Spurs -62 d Bc

Reference Input Voltage for Nominal Operation

Using an external frequency reference

m V

BPSK, OOK MODULATOR, AND PA

MODIN Frequency Range 1.2 8

M b /s

Modulation Filter Nominal 3dB Bandwidth

M H z

Modulation Filter Final Attenuation

Measured at 30MHz 28 41 d B

Carrier Suppression 28 d B

Noise Power Density

At 960MHz (measured at RFOUT at +23dBm output power)

d Bc/H z

300Ω d i ffer enti al l oad ( M AX 2901–M AX 2904)

902 917.28 928

867 868 870

14.56

13.78 14.5

249 256

3.5 3.64 3.75

100

200 300

-101

500

-150

MAX2900–MAX2904

200mW Single-Chip Transmitter ICs for

868MHz/915MHz ISM Bands

_______________________________________________________________________________________ 5

AC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued)

(MAX290_ EV kits. VCC= +2.7V to +4.5V, R

RLPF

= 68kΩ, R

PWRSET

= 22kΩ, fRF= 917.28MHz (MAX2900/MAX2901/MAX2902) or f

= 868MHz (MAX2903/MAX2904), VASK = VREG, f

REF

= 14.56MHz (MAX2900/MAX2901/MAX2902) or f

REF

= 13.62MHz

(MAX2903/MAX2904), chip rate on MODIN = 1.22Mbps, P

OUT

= +23dBm, TA= -40°C to +85°C. Typical values are at VCC= +4.5V,

= +25°C, unless otherwise noted.) (Note 1)

PARAMETER CONDITIONS

U N I T S

PWRSET = 22kΩ, VCC = +4.5V, T

= +25°C

PWRSET = 22kΩ, VCC = +4.5V, T

= -40°C to +85°C

RF Output Power

P WRS E T = 22kΩ , V

C C

= + 3.0V , TA = + 25°C

d Bm

fRF = 900MHz to 930MHz (MAX2900/MAX2901/MAX2902)

0.3

RF Output Power Flatness

= 867MHz to 870MHz

0.1

d B

Adjacent Channel Power Ratio PN sequence at 1.22MHz -17 d Bc

Alternate Channel Power Ratio PN sequence at 1.22MHz -26 d Bc

OOK Control Range 40 80 d B

OOKIN = high, VASK = 0

ASK Output Power Adjustment Range

ASK output power back-

OOKIN = high, VASK = 1V

d B

RFOUT Rise and Fall Time Square-wave signal applied on OOK 1 µs

At 2nd harmonic of RF output frequency with external matching network

-50

At 3rd harmonic of RF output frequency with external matching network

-51

At 4th harmonic of RF output frequency with external matching network

-63

Out of 902MHz to 928MHz band other than harmonics with external matching network (MAX2900/MAX2901/MAX2902)

Spurious Emissions

Out of 867MHz to 870MHz band other than harmonics with external matching network (MAX2903/MAX2904)

d Bc

Unlocked, Out-of-Band Spurious Output Level

Any condition when synthesizer unlocked (pin LD low)

d Bm

Modulation off, measured at 960MHz, any

Noise Level Out of Band

Modulation off, measured at 900MHz, any gain setting (MAX2903/MAX2904)

d Bm /H z

Output VSWR for Guaranteed Stability

2:1

M axi m um Al l ow ab l e Outp ut V S WR

2:1

Note 1: Devices are production tested at TA= +25°C and +85°C. Min/Max values are guaranteed by design and characterization

over temperature and supply voltage.

off relative to max power

gain setting (MAX2900/MAX2901/MAX2902)

MIN -3σ TYP +3σ MAX

21 23.5 25

20.5 25

< -70

< -50

-126 -120

MAX2900–MAX2904

200mW Single-Chip Transmitter ICs for 868MHz/915MHz ISM Bands

6 _______________________________________________________________________________________

Typical Operating Characteristics

(MAX290_ EV kits. VCC= +4.5V, fRF= 917.28MHz (MAX2900/MAX2901/MAX2902) or fRF= 868MHz (MAX2903/MAX2904), R

RLPF

68kΩ, R

PWRSET

= 22kΩ, VASK = VREG, f

REF

= 14.56MHz (MAX2900/MAX2901/MAX2902) or f

REF

= 13.78MHz (MAX2903/MAX2904),

chip rate on MODIN = 1.22 Mbps, RF output matching network optimized for +23dBm, V

= 4.5V, TA= +25°C, unless

otherwise noted.)

SUPPLY CURRENT vs. V

MAX2900 toc01

VCC (V)

SUPPLY CURRENT (mA)

4.03.53.0

100

110

120

130

140

150

160

2.5 4.5

TA = +85°C

TA = +25°C

TA = -40°C

SHUTDOWN CURRENT vs. V

MAX2900 toc02

VCC (V)

SHUTDOWN CURRENT (μA)

4.03.53.0

100

0.1

2.5 4.5

TA = +85°C

TA = +25°C

TA = -40°C

OUTPUT POWER vs. V

MAX2900 toc03

VCC (V)

OUTPUT POWER (dBm)

4.03.53.0

2.5 4.5

TA = +85°C

TA = +25°C

TA = -40°C

VCO PHASE NOISE AT 917.28MHz

MAX2900 toc04

-40dBc/Hz

-140dBc/Hz FREQUENCY OFFSET (MHz)

VCO SUPPLY PUSHING vs. V

MAX2900 toc05

VCC (V)

OUTPUT FREQUENCY (MHz)

4.03.53.0

915.5

916.0

916.5

917.0

917.5

918.0

915.0

2.5 4.5

PLL LOCK TIME

MAX2900 toc06

100kHz

-100kHz START 0s

20kHz/div

STOP 30μs

LOWPASS FILTER 3-dB RESPONSE

vs. R

RLPF

MAX2900 toc07

RLPF

(kΩ)

LOWPASS FILTER 3-dB BANDWIDTH (kHz)

6050403020

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

3500

10 70

BPSK MODULATION OUTPUT vs. TIME

MAX2900 toc08

225deg

-225deg

45deg/div

START 0s

STOP 40μs

RF POWER vs. FREQUENCY

(MAX2900/MAX2901/MAX2902)

MAX2900 toc09

FREQUENCY (MHz)

RF POWER (dBm)

925920915910905

900 930

A B

A: VCC = 4.5V, TA = -40°C B: V

= 4.5V, TA = +25°C

C: V

= 4.5V, TA = +85°C

D: V

= 2.7V, TA = -40°C

E: V

= 2.7V, TA = +25°C

F: V

= 2.7V, TA = +85°C

+ 13 hidden pages