MAXIM MAX2066 User Manual

General Description

The MAX2066 high-linearity digital variable-gain amplifi­er (VGA) is a monolithic SiGe BiCMOS attenuator and
amplifier designed to interface with 50Ω systems oper­ating in the 50MHz to 1000MHz frequency range (See
the

Typical Application Circuit

). The digital attenuator is
controlled as a slave peripheral using either the SPI™­compatible interface or a parallel bus with 31dB total
adjustment range in 1dB steps. An added feature
allows “rapid-fire” gain selection between each of four
steps, preprogrammed by the user through the SPI­compatible interface. The 2-pin control allows the user
to quickly access any one of four customized attenua­tion states without reprogramming the SPI bus.

Because each stage has its own RF input and RF output,
this component can be configured to either optimize NF
(amplifier configured first), or OIP3 (amplifier last). The
device’s performance features include 22dB amplifier
gain (amplifier only), 5.2dB NF at maximum gain (includes
attenuator insertion loss), and a high OIP3 level of
+42.4dBm. Each of these features makes the MAX2066
an ideal VGA for numerous receiver and transmitter
applications.

In addition, the MAX2066 operates from a single +5V
supply with full performance, or a single +3.3V supply
with slightly reduced performance, and has an
adjustable bias to trade current consumption for linearity
performance. This device is available in a compact 40­pin thin QFN package (6mm x 6mm) with an exposed
pad. Electrical performance is guaranteed over the
extended temperature range (TC= -40°C to +85°C).

Applications

IF and RF Gain Stages
Cellular Band WCDMA and cdma2000

®

Base

Stations
GSM 850/GSM 900 EDGE Base Stations
WiMAX and LTE Base Stations and Customer

Premise Equipment
Fixed Broadband Wireless Access
Wireless Local Loop
Military Systems
Video-on-Demand (VOD) and DOCSIS

®

-

Compliant EDGE QAM Modulation
Cable Modem Termination Systems (CMTS)
RFID Handheld and Portal Readers

Features

♦ 50MHz to 1000MHz RF Frequency Range

♦ Pin-Compatible Family Includes

MAX2065 (Analog/Digital VGA)
MAX2067 (Analog VGA)

♦ 20.5dB (typ) Maximum Gain

♦ 0.4dB Gain Flatness Over 100MHz Bandwidth

♦ 31dB Gain Range

♦ Supports Four “Rapid-Fire” Preprogrammed

Attenuator States

Quickly Access Any One of Four Customized

Attenuation States Without Reprogramming

the SPI Bus
Ideal for Fast-Attack, High-Level Blocker Protection
Prevents ADC Overdrive Condition

♦ Excellent Linearity (Configured with Amplifier

Last)

+42.4dBm OIP3
+65dBm OIP2
+19dBm Output 1dB Compression Point

-68dBc HD2

-88dBc HD3

♦ 5.2dB Typical Noise Figure (NF)

♦ Fast, 25ns Digital Switching

♦ Very Low Digital VGA Amplitude Overshoot/

Undershoot

♦ Single +5V Supply (Optional +3.3V Operation)

♦ External Current-Setting Resistors Provide Option

for Operating Device in Reduced-Power/
Reduced-Performance Mode

MAX2066

50MHz to 1000MHz High-Linearity,

Serial/Parallel-Controlled Digital VGA

________________________________________________________________

Maxim Integrated Products

1

Ordering Information

19-4057; Rev 0; 3/08

For pricing, delivery, and ordering information, please contact Maxim Direct at 1-888-629-4642,
or visit Maxim’s website at www.maxim-ic.com.

+

Denotes a lead-free package.

*

EP = Exposed pad.

T = Tape and reel.

cdma2000 is a registered trademark of Telecommunications
Industry Association.

DOCSIS and CableLabs are registered trademarks of Cable
Television Laboratories, Inc. (CableLabs®).

SPI is a trademark of Motorola, Inc.

Pin Configuration appears at end of data sheet.

PART TEMP RANGE

MAX2066ETL+ -40°C to +85°C 40 Thin QFN-EP*

MAX2066ETL+T -40°C to +85°C 40 Thin QFN-EP*

PIN­PACKAGE

MAX2066

50MHz to 1000MHz High-Linearity,
Serial/Parallel-Controlled Digital VGA

2 _______________________________________________________________________________________

ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS

+3.3V SUPPLY DC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS

(

Typical Application Circuit

, high-current (HC) mode, VCC= VDD= +3.0V to +3.6V, TC= -40°C to +85°C. Typical values are at VCC=

V

DD

= +3.3V and TC= +25°C, unless otherwise noted.)

Stresses beyond those listed under “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional
operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated in the operational sections of the specifications is not implied. Exposure to
absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability.

Note 1: Based on junction temperature TJ= TC+ (θJCx VCCx ICC). This formula can be used when the temperature of the exposed

pad is known while the device is soldered down to a printed-circuit board (PCB). See the

Applications Information

section

for details. The junction temperature must not exceed +150°C.

Note 2: Junction temperature T

J

= TA+ (θJAx VCCx ICC). This formula can be used when the ambient temperature of the PCB is

known. The junction temperature must not exceed +150°C.

Note 3: Package thermal resistances were obtained using the method described in JEDEC specification JESD51-7, using a 4-layer

board. For detailed information on package thermal considerations, refer to www.maxim-ic.com/thermal-tutorial

.

Note 4: T

C

is the temperature on the exposed pad of the package. TAis the ambient temperature of the device and PCB.

VCC_ to GND ........................................................-0.3V to +5.5V

VDD_LOGIC, DATA, CS, CLK,

SER/PAR..............................................-0.3V to (VCC_ + 0.3V)

STATE_A, STATE_B, D0–D4 ....................-0.3V to (VCC_ + 0.3V)

AMP_IN, AMP_OUT .................................-0.3V to (VCC_ + 0.3V)

ATTEN_IN, ATTEN_OUT........................................-1.2V to +1.2V

RSET to GND.........................................................-0.3V to +1.2V

RF Input Power (ATTEN_IN, ATTEN_OUT).....................+20dBm

RF Input Power (AMP_IN)...............................................+18dBm

Continuous Power Dissipation (Note 1) ...............................6.5W

θ

JA

(Notes 2, 3)..............................................................+38°C/W

θ

JC

(Note 3) ...................................................................+10°C/W

Operating Temperature Range (Note 4).....T

C

= -40°C to +85°C

Maximum Junction Temperature .....................................+150°C

Storage Temperature Range .............................-65°C to +150°C

Lead Temperature (soldering, 10s) .................................+300°C

+5V SUPPLY DC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS

(

Typical Application Circuit

, VCC= VDD= +4.75V to +5.25V, TC= -40°C to +85°C. Typical values are at VCC= VDD= +5V and

T

C

= +25°C, unless otherwise noted.)

Supply Voltage V

Supply Current I
LOGIC INPUTS (DATA, CS, CLK, SER/PAR, STATE_A, STATE_B, D0–D4)

Input High Voltage V

Input Low Voltage V

PARAMETER SYMBOL CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNITS

CC

CC

(Note 5) 3.0 3.3 3.6 V

IH

IL

58 80 mA

2V

0.8 V

Supply Voltage V

Supply Current I

LOGIC INPUTS (DATA, CS, CLK, SER/PAR, STATE_A, STATE_B, D0–D4)

Input High Voltage V

Input Low Voltage V

Input Current Logic-High I

Input Current Logic-Low I

PARAMETER SYMBOL CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNITS

CC

CC

IH

IL

Low-current (LC) mode 70 90

High-current (HC) mode 121 144

IH

IL

4.75 5 5.25 V

3V

-1 +1 µA

-1 +1 µA

mA

0.8 V

MAX2066

50MHz to 1000MHz High-Linearity,

Serial/Parallel-Controlled Digital VGA

_______________________________________________________________________________________ 3

+5V SUPPLY AC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS

(

Typical Application Circuit

, VCC= VDD= +4.75 to +5.25V, HC mode with attenuator set for maximum gain, 50MHz ≤ fRF≤ 1000MHz,

T

C

= -40°C to +85°C. Typical values are at VCC= VDD= +5.0V, HC mode, PIN= -20dBm, fRF= 200MHz, and TC= +25°C, unless

otherwise noted.) (Note 6)

+3.3V SUPPLY AC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS

(

Typical Application Circuit

, VCC= VDD= +3.0V to +3.6V, TC= -40°C to +85°C. Typical values are at VCC= VDD= +3.3V, HC mode

with attenuator set for maximum gain, P

IN

= -20dBm, fRF= 200MHz, and TC= +25°C, unless otherwise noted.) (Note 6)

PARAMETER SYMBOL CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNITS

RF Frequency Range f

Small-Signal Gain G 20 dB

Output Third-Order Intercept
Point

Noise Figure NF Maximum gain setting 5.6 dB

Total Attenuation Range 31 dB

RF

OIP3 P

(Notes 5, 7) 50 1000 MHz

= 0dBm/tone, maximum gain setting 38 dBm

OUT

PARAMETER SYMBOL CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNITS

RF Frequency Range f

Small-Signal Gain G

Gain Variation vs. Temperature -0.004 dB/°C

Gain Flatness vs. Frequency

Noise Figure NF

Total Attenuation Range 31 dB

Output Second-Order Intercept
Point

Output Third-Order Intercept
Point

RF

OIP2 P

OIP3

(Notes 5, 7) 50 1000 MHz

200MHz 20.5

350MHz, TC = +25°C 18.6 19.9 21.1

450MHz 19.5

750MHz 18.1

900MHz 17.4

Any 100MHz frequency band from 50MHz
to 500MHz

200MHz 5.2

350MHz, TC = +25°C (Note 5) 5.5 6.6

450MHz 5.6

750MHz 6.2

900MHz 6.4

= 0dBm/tone, Δf = 1MHz, f1 + f

OUT

P

= 0dBm/tone,

OUT

H C m od e, Δ f = 1M H z

P

= 0dBm/tone,

OUT

LC mode, Δf = 1MHz

200MHz 42.4

350MHz 40.4

450MHz 39.5

750MHz 37.3

900MHz 36.2

200MHz 40

350MHz 38

450MHz 37

750MHz 35

900MHz 33

2

0.4 dB

65 dBm

dB

dB

dBm

MAX2066

50MHz to 1000MHz High-Linearity,
Serial/Parallel-Controlled Digital VGA

4 _______________________________________________________________________________________

+5V SUPPLY AC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued)

(

Typical Application Circuit

, VCC= VDD= +4.75 to +5.25V, HC mode with attenuator set for maximum gain, 50MHz ≤ fRF≤ 1000MHz,

T

C

= -40°C to +85°C. Typical values are at VCC= VDD= +5.0V, HC mode, PIN= -20dBm, fRF= 200MHz, and TC= +25°C, unless

otherwise noted.) (Note 6)

Note 5: Guaranteed by design and characterization.
Note 6: All limits include external component losses. Output measurements are performed at RF output port of the

Typical

Application Circuit

.

Note 7: Operating outside this range is possible, but with degraded performance of some parameters.
Note 8: It is advisable not to continuously operate the VGA RF input above +15dBm.

PARAMETER SYMBOL CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNITS

Output -1dB Compression Point P

Second Harmonic

Third Harmonic

Group Delay Includes EV kit PCB trace delay 0.8 ns

Input Return Loss 50Ω source, maximum gain setting 23 dB

Output Return Loss 50Ω load, maximum gain setting 18 dB

DIGITAL ATTENUATOR

Insertion Loss 2.5 dB

Input Second-Order Intercept
Point

Input Third-Order Intercept Point IIP3 P

Attenuation Range 31.2 dB

Step Size 1dB

Relative Step Accuracy 0.2 dB

Absolute Step Accuracy 0.45 dB

Insertion Phase Step fRF = 170MHz

Amplitude Overshoot/Undershoot

Switching Speed

Input Return Loss 50Ω source, maximum gain setting 19 dB

Output Return Loss 50Ω load, maximum gain setting 19 dB

SERIAL PERIPHERAL INTERFACE (SPI)

Maximum Clock Speed f

Data-to-Clock Setup Time t

Data-to-Clock Hold Time t
Clock-to-CS Setup Time t

CS Positive Pulse Width t
CS Setup Time t

Clock Pulse Width t

1dB

IIP2

CLK

CS

CH

ES

EW

EWS

CW

fRF = 350MHz, TC = +25°C (Note 5, 8) 17 18.7 dBm

P

= +3dBm, fIN = 200MHz, TC = +25°C

OUT

(Note 5)

P

= +3dBm, fIN = 200MHz, TC = +25°C

OUT

(Note 5)

P

= 0dBm, P

RF1

+ f

f

1

2

= 0dBm, P

RF1

Between any two
states

RF settled to within
±0.1dB

= 0dBm, Δf = 1MHz,

RF2

= 0dBm, Δf = 1MHz 41 dBm

RF2

0dB to 16dB 4.8

24dB 8

31dB 10.8

ET = 15ns 1.0

ET = 40ns 0.05

31dB to 0dB 25

0dB to 31dB 21

-60 -68 dBc

-72 -88 dBc

52 dBm

d eg r ees

dB

ns

20 MHz

2ns

2.5 ns

3ns

7ns

3.5 ns

5ns

GAIN vs. RF FREQUENCY

MAX2066 toc03

RF FREQUENCY (MHz)

GAIN (dB)

850450 650250

16

17

18

20

19

21

22

23

15

50 1050

TC = +25°C

TC = -40°C

TC = +85°C

GAIN vs. RF FREQUENCY

MAX2066 toc03

RF FREQUENCY (MHz)

GAIN (dB)

850450 650250

16

17

18

20

19

21

22

23

15

50 1050

VCC = 4.75V, 5.00V, 5.25V

ATTENUATOR RELATIVE

ERROR vs. RF FREQUENCY

MAX2066 toc05

RF FREQUENCY (MHz)

RELATIVE ERROR (dB)

850450 650250

-0.50

0

0.50

1.00

-0.75

-0.25

0.25

0.75

-1.00
50 1050

INPUT MATCH OVER ATTENUATOR

SETTING vs. RF FREQUENCY

MAX2066 toc07

RF FREQUENCY (MHz)

INPUT MATCH (dB)

850450 650250

-30

-20

-10

0

-50

-40

50 1050

0dB

1dB

31dB

4dB

2dB

8dB

16dB

OUTPUT MATCH OVER ATTENUATOR

SETTING vs. RF FREQUENCY

MAX2066 toc08

RF FREQUENCY (MHz)

OUTPUT MATCH (dB)

850450 650250

-15

-10

-5

0

-30

-25

-20

50 1050

0dB, 1dB, 2dB, 4dB

16dB, 31dB

8dB

REVERSE ISOLATION OVER ATTENUATOR

SETTING vs. RF FREQUENCY

MAX2066 toc09

RF FREQUENCY (MHz)

REVERSE ISOLATION (dB)

850450 650250

-50

-40

-30

-70

-60

50 1050

ATTENUATOR 0dB

ATTENUATOR 31dB

SUPPLY CURRENT vs. SUPPLY VOLTAGE

MAX2066 toc01

VCC (V)

SUPPLY CURRENT (mA)

5.1255.0004.875

110

120

130

140

150

100

4.750 5.250

TC = +85°C

TC = +25°C

TC = -40°C

GAIN OVER ATTENUATOR SETTING

vs. RF FREQUENCY

MAX2066 toc04

RF FREQUENCY (MHz)

GAIN (dB)

850450 650250

-15

5

15

25

-25
50 1050

ATTENUATOR ABSOLUTE

ERROR vs. RF FREQUENCY

MAX2066 toc06

RF FREQUENCY (MHz)

ABSOLUTE ERROR (dB)

850450 650250

-0.50

0

0.50

1.00

-0.75

-0.25

0.25

0.75

-2.00

-1.25

-1.50

-1.75

-1.00

50 1050

MAX2066

50MHz to 1000MHz High-Linearity,

Serial/Parallel-Controlled Digital VGA

_______________________________________________________________________________________ 5

Typical Operating Characteristics

(VCC= VDD= +5.0V, HC mode, digital attenuator set for maximum gain, PIN= -20dBm, fRF= 200MHz, and TC= +25°C, unless oth­erwise noted.)

OUTPUT IP3 vs. RF FREQUENCY

MAX2066 toc16

RF FREQUENCY (MHz)

OUTPUT IP3 (dBm)

45

50

55

40

35

30

50 450 850 1050650250

VCC = 4.75V

VCC = 5.25V

VCC = 5.00V

P

OUT

= 0dBm/TONE

OUTPUT IP3 vs. RF FREQUENCY

MAX2066 toc15

RF FREQUENCY (MHz)

OUTPUT IP3 (dBm)

45

50

55

40

35

30

50 450 850 1050650250

TC = -40°C

TC = +85°C

TC = +25°C

P

OUT

= 0dBm/TONE

OUTPUT P1dB vs. RF FREQUENCY

MAX2066 toc14

RF FREQUENCY (MHz)

OUTPUT P1dB (dBm)

19

20

21

18

17

16

15

50 450 850 1050650250

VCC = 4.75V

VCC = 5.25V

VCC = 5.00V

NOISE FIGURE vs. RF FREQUENCY

MAX2066 toc12

RF FREQUENCY (MHz)

NOISE FIGURE (dB)

850 1050650450

7

8

9

6

5

4

3

2

50 250

VCC = 4.75V, 5.00V, 5.25V

ATTENUATOR PHASE CHANGE

BETWEEN STATES vs. RF FREQUENCY

MAX2066 toc10

RF FREQUENCY (MHz)

S21 PHASE CHANGE (DEG)

850450 650250

40

50

60

-10

30

20

10

0

50 1050

POSITIVE PHASE = ELECTRICALLY SHORTER

REFERENCED TO HIGH GAIN STATE

MAX2066

50MHz to 1000MHz High-Linearity,
Serial/Parallel-Controlled Digital VGA

6 _______________________________________________________________________________________

Typical Operating Characteristics (continued)

(VCC= VDD= +5.0V, HC mode, digital attenuator set for maximum gain, PIN= -20dBm, fRF= 200MHz, and TC= +25°C, unless oth­erwise noted.)

NOISE FIGURE vs. RF FREQUENCY

9

OUTPUT P1dB vs. RF FREQUENCY

21

TC = +85°C

20

19

18

TC = -40°C

17

OUTPUT P1dB (dBm)

16

15

50 450 850 1050650250

TC = +25°C

RF FREQUENCY (MHz)

NOISE FIGURE (dB)

MAX2066 toc13

8

TC = +85°C

7

6

5

4

TC = -40°C

3

2

50 1050

RF FREQUENCY (MHz)

TC = +25°C

850450 650250

MAX2066 toc11

OUTPUT IP3 vs. ATTENUATOR STATE

45

44

43

42

OUTPUT IP3 (dBm)

41

TC = -40°C, +25°C, +85°C, LSB, USB

40

0 12202832244168

ATTENUATOR STATE (dB)

P

= 0dBm/TONE

OUT

= 200MHz

f

RF

MAX2066 toc17

2nd HARMONIC (dBc)

2nd HARMONIC vs. RF FREQUENCY

80

70

60

50

40

50 450 850 1050650250

TC = +85°C

TC = -40°C

TC = +25°C

RF FREQUENCY (MHz)

P

= 3dBm

OUT

MAX2066 toc18

OIP2 vs. RF FREQUENCY

MAX2066 toc25

RF FREQUENCY (MHz)

OIP2 (dBm)

250 450 650 850

75

55

70

65

60

40

50

45

50 1050

VCC = 4.75V

VCC = 5.00V

P

OUT

= 0dBm/TONE

VCC = 5.25V

3rd HARMONIC vs. RF FREQUENCY

MAX2066 toc22

RF FREQUENCY (MHz)

3rd HARMONIC (dBc)

250 450 650 850

110

70

100

90

80

60

50 1050

VCC = 4.75V

VCC = 5.00V

VCC = 5.25V

P

OUT

= 3dBm

MAX2066

50MHz to 1000MHz High-Linearity,

Serial/Parallel-Controlled Digital VGA

_______________________________________________________________________________________ 7

Typical Operating Characteristics (continued)

(VCC= VDD= +5.0V, HC mode, digital attenuator set for maximum gain, PIN= -20dBm, fRF= 200MHz, and TC= +25°C, unless oth­erwise noted.)

2nd HARMONIC vs. RF FREQUENCY

80

VCC = 5.25V

70

60

2nd HARMONIC (dBc)

50

40

50 1050

VCC = 4.75V

250 450 650 850

RF FREQUENCY (MHz)

P

= 3dBm

OUT

VCC = 5.00V

71

70

MAX2066 toc19

69

68

67

2nd HARMONIC (dBc)

66

65

100

95

90

85

80

3rd HARMONIC (dBc)

75

2nd HARMONIC vs. ATTENUATOR STATE

P

= 3dBm

OUT

= 200MHz

f

RF

TC = -40°C

TC = +25°C

TC = +85°C

0 8 16 24 3212 20 284

ATTENUATOR STATE (dB)

3rd HARMONIC vs. ATTENUATOR STATE

P

= 3dBm

TC = +85°C

TC = -40°C

OUT

= 200MHz

f

RF

TC = +25°C

MAX2066 toc20

MAX2066 toc23

3rd HARMONIC vs. RF FREQUENCY

110

100

90

80

3rd HARMONIC (dBc)

70

60

TC = -40°C

50 450 850 1050650250

RF FREQUENCY (MHz)

OIP2 vs. RF FREQUENCY

75

70

65

60

55

OIP2 (dBm)

50

45

TC = +25°C

TC = -40°C

P

TC = +85°C

P

= 0dBm/TONE

OUT

TC = +85°C

= 3dBm

OUT

TC = +25°C

MAX2066 toc21

MAX2066 toc24

70

0 8 16 24 324122028

ATTENUATOR STATE (dB)

40

250 450 650 850

50 1050

RF FREQUENCY (MHz)

OIP2 vs. ATTENUATOR STATE

68

TC = -40°C

66

64

OIP2 (dBm)

62

60

58

TC = +25°C

0 8 16 24 324122028

ATTENUATOR STATE (dB)

P

= 0dBm/TONE

OUT

= 200MHz

f

RF

TC = +85°C

MAX2066 toc26