MAXIM MAX2045, MAX2046, MAX2047 User Manual
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General Description
The MAX2045/MAX2046/MAX2047 low-cost, fully integrated vector multipliers alter the magnitude and phase
of an RF signal. Each device is optimized for the UMTS
(MAX2045), DCS/PCS (MAX2046), or cellular/GSM
(MAX2047) frequency bands. These devices feature
differential RF inputs and outputs.
The MAX2045/MAX2046/MAX2047 provide vector
adjustment through the differential I/Q amplifiers. The
I/Q amplifiers can interface with voltage and/or current
digital-to-analog converters (DACs). The voltage inputs
are designed to interface to a voltage-mode DAC, while
the current inputs are designed to interface to a currentmode DAC. An internal 2.5V reference voltage is provided for applications using single-ended voltage DACs.
The MAX2045/MAX2046/MAX2047 operate from a 4.75V
to 5.25V single supply. All devices are offered in a compact 5mm ✕ 5mm, 32-lead thin QFN exposed-paddle
packages.
The MAX2045/MAX2046/MAX2047 evaluation kits are
available, contact factory for availability.
Applications
UMTS/PCS/DCS/Cellular/GSM Base Station
Feed-Forward and Predistortion Power Amplifiers
RF Magnitude and Phase Adjustment
RF Cancellation Loops
Beam-Forming Applications
Features
♦ Multiple RF Frequency Bands of Operation
2040MHz to 2240MHz (MAX2045)
1740MHz to 2060MHz (MAX2046)
790MHz to 1005MHz (MAX2047)
♦ ±0.2dB Gain Flatness
♦ ±1° Phase Flatness
♦ 3dB Control Bandwidth: 260MHz
♦ 15dBm Input IP3
♦ 15dB Gain Control Range
♦ Continuous 360° Phase Control Range
♦ 6.5dB Maximum Gain for Continuous Phase
♦ On-Chip Reference for Single-Ended
Voltage-Mode Operation
♦ 800mW Power Consumption
♦ Space-Saving 5mm x 5mm Thin QFN Package
♦ Single 5V supply
MAX2045/MAX2046/MAX2047
High-Gain Vector Multipliers
________________________________________________________________ Maxim Integrated Products 1
Ordering Information
19-2728; Rev 0; 1/03
For pricing, delivery, and ordering information, please contact Maxim/Dallas Direct! at
1-888-629-4642, or visit Maxim’s website at www.maxim-ic.com.
Pin Configuration/Block Diagram
*EP = Exposed paddle.
PART TEMP RANGE PIN-PACKAGE
MAX2045ETJ-T -40°C to +85°C 32 Thin QFN-EP*
MAX2046ETJ-T -40°C to +85°C 32 Thin QFN-EP*
MAX2047ETJ-T -40°C to +85°C 32 Thin QFN-EP*
GND
GND
RFIN1
28
13
GND
27
90°
PHASE
SHIFTER
VECTOR
MULTIPLIER
OUTPUT
STAGE
14
26
25
GND
24
GND
23
RBIAS
22
GND
21
GND
20
GND
19
V
18
V
17
15
16
VQ1
VQ2
GND
313230
VI1
1
VI2
2
3
4
II1
5
6
II2
7
IQ1
8
IQ2
10911
CONTROL
AMPLIFIER I
MAX2045
MAX2046
MAX2047
CONTROL
AMPLIFIER Q
2.5V
REFERENCE
RFIN2
29
12
GND
GND
CC
CC
GND
REFOUT
GND
RFOUT1
QFN
RFOUT2
GND
GND
GND
MAX2045/MAX2046/MAX2047
High-Gain Vector Multipliers
2 _______________________________________________________________________________________
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS
DC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
(Typical Operating Circuit as shown in Figure 1; VCC= 4.75V to 5.25V, TA= -40°C to +85°C, R
BIAS
= 280Ω, no RF inputs applied, RF
input and output ports are terminated with 50Ω. Typical values are at V
CC
= 5V and TA= +25°C, unless otherwise noted.)
Stresses beyond those listed under “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional
operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated in the operational sections of the specifications is not implied. Exposure to
absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability.
VCCto GND .............................................................-0.3V to +6V
VI1, V12, VQ1, VQ2, RFIN1, RFIN2,
RFOUT1, RFOUT2 ....................................-0.3V to VCC+ 0.3V
RFOUT1, RFOUT2 Sink Current..........................................35mA
REFOUT Source Current.......................................................4mA
II1, II2, IQ1, IQ2 ........................................................-0.3V to +1V
II1, II2, IQ1, IQ2 Sink Current ...........................................+10mA
Continuous RF Input Power (CW)...................................+15dBm
Continuous Power Dissipation (TA= +70°C)
32-Pin Thin QFN (derate 21.3mW/°C above +70°C) .......1.7W
Operating Temperature Range ...........................-40°C to +85°C
Junction Temperature......................................................+150°C
Storage Temperature Range .............................-40°C to +150°C
Lead Temperature (soldering, 10s) .................................+300°C
AC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
(Typical Operating Circuit as shown in Figure 1; VCC= 4.75V to 5.25V, TA= -40°C to +85°C, R
BIAS
= 280Ω, fIN= 2.14GHz
(MAX2045), f
IN
= 1.9GHz (MAX2046), fIN= 915MHz (MAX2047), input current range = 0 to 4mA (if using a current-mode DAC), and
differential input voltage range = 0 to 0.707V (if using a voltage-mode DAC). If using a current-mode DAC, voltage mode I/Q inputs
are left open. If using a voltage-mode DAC, all current-mode I/Q inputs are left open. Typical values are at V
CC
= 5V and TA=
+25°C, unless otherwise noted.) (Notes 1, 2, 3)
Supply Voltage Range V
Differential Input Resistance,
VI1 to VI2, VQ1 to VQ2
Common-Mode Input Voltage,
VI1, VI2, VQ1, VQ2
Input Resistance, II1, II2, IQ1,
IQ2
Reference Voltage V
PARAMETER SYMBOL CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNITS
CC
MAX2045 120 160 200
CC
V
CM
REFOUT
MAX2046 120 160 200Operating Supply Current I
MAX2047 120 160 200
Input resistance between VI1 and VI2 or
VQ1 and VQ2
Single-ended resistance to ground 150 200 250 Ω
REFOUT unloaded 2.3 2.45 2.6 V
4.75 5 5.25 V
6.5 9 11.5 kΩ
2.5 V
mA
RF Differential Input Impedance 50 Ω
RF Differential Output Impedance 300 Ω
RF Differential Load Impedance 200 Ω
Continuous Phase Range 0 360 Degrees
PARAMETER CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNITS
MAX2045/MAX2046/MAX2047
High-Gain Vector Multipliers
_______________________________________________________________________________________ 3
MAX2045 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
(Typical Operating Circuit as shown in Figure 1; VCC= 4.75V to 5.25V, TA= -40°C to +85°C, R
BIAS
= 280Ω, fIN= 2.14GHz, input current range = 0 to 4mA (if using a current-mode DAC), and differential input voltage range = 0 to 0.707V (if using a voltage-mode
DAC). If using a current-mode DAC, voltage mode I/Q inputs are left open. If using a voltage-mode DAC, all current-mode I/Q inputs
are left open. Typical values are at V
CC
= 5V and TA= +25°C, unless otherwise noted.) (Notes 1, 2, 3)
Frequency Range 2040 2240 MHz
RF Input Return Loss -14 dB
RF Output Return Loss -16.4 dB
VOLTAGE MODE
Power Gain
Power-Gain Range
Reverse Isolation Over entire control range -74 dB
Maximum Power Gain for
Continuous Coverage of Phase
Change
Maximum Power Gain with
Reduced Phase Coverage
Group Delay VI = VQ = 0.707V (radius = 1V) 1.38 ns
Gain Drift Over Temperature VI = VQ = 0.707V (radius = 1V) -0.027 dB/°C
Gain Flatness Over Frequency
Phase Flatness Over Frequency
Output Noise Power
IP1dB
IIP3
PARAMETER CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNITS
VI = VQ = 0.707V (radius = 1V) 7
VI = VQ = 0.5V (radius = 0.707V) 3.4
VI = VQ = 0.25V (radius = 0.35V) -3
VI = VQ = 0.125V
Difference in gain between VI = VQ = 0.707V and
VI = VQ = 0.125V
0 to 360° (radius = 1V) 6.1 dB
0 to 360° (radius = 1V) 7 dB
VI = VQ = 0.707V (radius = 1V); UMTS,
= 2140MHz ±100MHz
f
IN
Electrical delay removed, VI = VQ = 0.707V
(radius = 1V), UMTS, f
VI = VQ = 0.707V (radius = 1V) -147.7
VI = VQ = 0.5V (radius = 0.707V) -148.3
VI = VQ = 0.25V (radius = 0.35V) -148.2
VI = VQ = 0.125V
VI = VQ = 0.707V (radius = 1V) 6.7
VI = VQ = 0.125V
VI = VQ = 0.707V (radius = 1V) 15.2
VI = VQ = 0.125V
(radius = 0.175V) -8.7
= 2140MHz ±100MHz
IN
(radius = 0.175V) -148.1
(radius = 0.175V) 9.3
(radius = 0.175V) 14.7
15.7 dB
±0.21 dB
±0.2 Degrees
dB
dBm/Hz
dBm
dBm
MAX2045/MAX2046/MAX2047
High-Gain Vector Multipliers
4 _______________________________________________________________________________________
MAX2046 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
(Typical Operating Circuit as shown in Figure 1; VCC= 4.75V to 5.25V, TA= -40°C to +85°C, R
BIAS
= 280Ω, fIN= 1.9GHz, input current range = 0 to 4mA (if using a current-mode DAC), and differential input voltage range = 0 to 0.707V (if using a voltage-mode
DAC). If using a current-mode DAC, voltage mode I/Q inputs are left open. If using a voltage-mode DAC, all current-mode I/Q inputs
are left open. Typical values are at V
CC
= 5V and TA= +25°C, unless otherwise noted.) (Notes 1, 2, 3)
MAX2045 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued)
(Typical Operating Circuit as shown in Figure 1; VCC= 4.75V to 5.25V, TA= -40°C to +85°C, R
BIAS
= 280Ω, fIN= 2.14GHz, input current range = 0 to 4mA (if using a current-mode DAC), and differential input voltage range = 0 to 0.707V (if using a voltage-mode
DAC). If using a current-mode DAC, voltage mode I/Q inputs are left open. If using a voltage-mode DAC, all current-mode I/Q inputs
are left open. Typical values are at V
CC
= 5V and TA= +25°C, unless otherwise noted.) (Notes 1, 2, 3)
CURRENT MODE
Power Gain (Note 4)
Power-Gain Range
Gain Flatness Over Frequency
Phase Flatness Over Frequency
PARAMETER CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNITS
II1 = IQ1 = 4mA, II2 = IQ2 = 0mA 6.2
II1 = IQ1 = 1mA, II2 = IQ2 = 0mA -8.7
Difference in gain between II1 = IQ1 = 4mA, II2 = IQ2 =
0mA and II1 = IQ1 = 1mA, II2 = IQ2 = 0mA
II1 = IQ1 = 4mA, II2 = IQ2 = 0mA; UMTS,
f
= 2140MHz ±100MHz
IN
Electrical delay removed, II1 = IQ1 = 4mA,
II2 = IQ2 = 0mA
Frequency Range 1740 2060 MHz
RF Input Return Loss -21.1 dB
RF Output Return Loss -21.7 dB
VOLTAGE MODE
Power Gain
Power-Gain Range
Reverse Isolation Over entire control range -76 dB
Maximum Power Gain for
Continuous Coverage of Phase
Change
Maximum Power Gain with
Reduced Phase Coverage
Group Delay VI = VQ = 0.707V (radius = 1V) 1.54 ns
Gain Drift Over Temperature VI = VQ = 0.707V (radius = 1V) -0.026 dB/°C
Gain Flatness Over Frequency
PARAMETER CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNITS
VI = VQ = 0.707V (radius = 1V) 7.4
VI = VQ = 0.5V (radius = 0.707V) 3.8
VI = VQ = 0.25V
VI = VQ = 0.125V
Difference in gain between VI = VQ = 0.707V and
VI = VQ = 0.125V
0 to 360° (radius = 1V) 6.5 dB
0 to 360° (radius = 1V) 7.4 dB
VI = VQ = 0.707V
(radius = 1V)
(radius = 0.35V) -2.5
(radius = 0.175V) -8.2
PCS, fIN = 1960MHz
±100MHz
DCS, f
±100MHz
= 1842.5MHz
IN
14.9 dB
±0.27 dB
±0.8 Degrees
15.6 dB
±0.14
±0.3
dB
dB
dB
MAX2045/MAX2046/MAX2047
High-Gain Vector Multipliers
_______________________________________________________________________________________ 5
MAX2046 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued)
(Typical Operating Circuit as shown in Figure 1; VCC= 4.75V to 5.25V, TA= -40°C to +85°C, R
BIAS
= 280Ω, fIN= 1.9GHz, input current range = 0 to 4mA (if using a current-mode DAC), and differential input voltage range = 0 to 0.707V (if using a voltage-mode
DAC). If using a current-mode DAC, voltage mode I/Q inputs are left open. If using a voltage-mode DAC, all current-mode I/Q inputs
are left open. Typical values are at V
CC
= 5V and TA= +25°C, unless otherwise noted.) (Notes 1, 2, 3)
Phase Flatness Over Frequency
Output Noise Power
IP1dB
IIP3
CURRENT MODE
Power Gain (Note 4)
Power-Gain Range
Gain Flatness Over Frequency
Phase Flatness Over Frequency
PARAMETER CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNITS
PCS, fIN = 1960MHz
Electrical delay removed,
VI = VQ = 0.707V
VI = VQ = 0.707V (radius = 1V) -146.8
VI = VQ = 0.5V (radius = 0.707V) -147.4
VI = VQ = 0.25V (radius = 0.35V) -147.4
VI = VQ = 0.125V
VI = VQ = 0.707V (radius = 1V) 6.5
VI = VQ = 0.125V
VI = VQ = 0.707V (radius = 1V) 15.2
VI = VQ = 0.125V
II1 = IQ1 = 4mA, II2 = IQ2 = 0mA 6.6
II1 = IQ1 = 1mA, II2 = IQ2 = 0mA -8.2
Difference in gain between II1 = IQ1 = 4mA, II2 = IQ2 =
0mA and II1 = IQ1 = 1mA, II2 = IQ2 = 0mA
II1 = IQ1 = 4mA, II2 = IQ2 =
0mA
Electrical delay removed,
II1 = IQ1 = 4mA,
II2 = IQ2 = 0mA
(radius = 1V)
(radius = 0.175V) -147.3
(radius = 0.175V) 9.1
(radius = 0.175V) 14.8
±100MHz
DCS, f
±100MHz
PCS, fIN = 1960MHz
±100MHz
DCS, f
±100MHz
PCS, fIN = 1960MHz
±100MHz
DCS, f
±100MHz
= 1842.5MHz
IN
= 1842.5MHz
IN
= 1842.5MHz
IN
±1.3
±1.2
14.8 dB
±0.14
±0.33
±0.8
±1.6
Degrees
dBm/Hz
dBm
dBm
dB
dB
Degrees
MAX2045/MAX2046/MAX2047
High-Gain Vector Multipliers
6 _______________________________________________________________________________________
MAX2047 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
(Typical Operating Circuit as shown in Figure 1; VCC= 4.75V to 5.25V, TA= -40°C to +85°C, R
BIAS
= 280Ω, fIN= 915MHz, input current range = 0 to 4mA (if using a current-mode DAC), and differential input voltage range = 0 to 0.707V (if using a voltage-mode
DAC). If using a current-mode DAC, voltage mode I/Q inputs are left open. If using a voltage-mode DAC, all current-mode I/Q inputs
are left open. Typical values are at V
CC
= 5V and TA= +25°C, unless otherwise noted.) (Notes 1, 2, 3)
Frequency Range 790 1005 MHz
RF Input Return Loss -21.8 dB
RF Output Return Loss -11.7 dB
VOLTAGE MODE
Power Gain
Power-Gain Range
Reverse Isolation Over entire control range -75 dB
Maximum Power Gain for
Continuous Coverage of Phase
Change
Maximum Power Gain with
Reduced Phase Coverage
Group Delay VI = VQ = 0.707V (radius = 1V) 2.02 ns
Gain Drift Over Temperature VI = VQ = 0.707V (radius = 1V) -0.024 dB/°C
PARAMETER CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNITS
Gain Flatness Over Frequency
Phase Flatness Over Frequency
VI = VQ = 0.707V (radius = 1V) 8.4
VI = VQ = 0.5V
VI = VQ = 0.25V
VI = VQ = 0.125V
Difference in gain between VI = VQ = 0.707V and
VI = VQ = 0.125V
0 to 360° (radius = 1V) 7.1 dB
0 to 360° (radius = 1V) 8.4 dB
VI = VQ = 0.707V
(radius = 1V)
E l ectr i cal d el ay r em oved ,
V I = VQ = 0.707V
= 1V)
(radius = 0.707V) 5.1
(radius = 0.35V) -0.9
(radius = 0.175V) -6.3
GSM, fIN = 942.5MHz
±62.5MHz
US cell, fIN = 881.5MHz
±62.5MHz
JCDMA, fIN = 850MHz
±60MHz
(radius
KDI/JDC/PDC, f
±30MHz
GSM, fIN = 942.5MHz
±62.5MHz
US cell, fIN = 881.5MHz
±62.5MHz
JCDMA, fIN = 850MHz
±60MHz
KDI/JDC/PDC, f
±30MHz
= 820MHz
IN
= 820MHz
IN
14.7 dB
±0.25
±0.13
±0.1
±0.1
±0.9
±1.1
±1.2
±0.3
dB
dB
Degrees
MAX2045/MAX2046/MAX2047
High-Gain Vector Multipliers
_______________________________________________________________________________________ 7
Note 1: Guaranteed by design and characterization.
Note 2: All specifications reflect losses and delays of external components (matching components, baluns, and PC board traces).
Output measurements taken at the RF OUTPUT of the Typical Operating Circuit.
Note 3: Radius is defined as (VI
2
+ VQ2)
0.5
. VI denotes the difference between VI1 and VI2. VQ denotes the difference between VQ1
and VQ2. For differential operation: VI1 = V
REF
+ 0.5 ✕ VI, VI2 = V
REF
- 0.5 ✕ VI, VQ1 = V
REF
+ 0.5 ✕ VQ, VQ2 = V
REF
- 0.5 ✕
VQ. For single-ended operation: VI1 = V
REF
+ VI, VI2 = V
REF
, VQ1 = V
REF
+ VQ, VQ2 = V
REF
.
Note 4: When using the I/Q current inputs, maximum gain occurs when one differential input current is zero and the other corre-
sponding differential input is 5mA. Minimum gain occurs when both differential inputs are equal.
MAX2047 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued)
(Typical Operating Circuit as shown in Figure 1; VCC= 4.75V to 5.25V, TA= -40°C to +85°C, R
BIAS
= 280Ω, fIN= 915MHz, input current range = 0 to 4mA (if using a current-mode DAC), and differential input voltage range = 0 to 0.707V (if using a voltage-mode
DAC). If using a current-mode DAC, voltage mode I/Q inputs are left open. If using a voltage-mode DAC, all current-mode I/Q inputs
are left open. Typical values are at V
CC
= 5V and TA= +25°C, unless otherwise noted.) (Notes 1, 2, 3)
PARAMETER CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNITS
VI = VQ = 0.707V (radius = 1V) -147.5
Output Noise Power
IP1dB
IIP3
VI = VQ = 0.5V (radius = 0.707V) -148.4
VI = VQ = 0.25V (radius = 0.35V) -148.6
VI = VQ = 0.125V
(radius = 0.175V) -148.6
VI = VQ = 0.707V (radius = 1V) 6.1
VI = VQ = 0.125V
(radius = 0.175V) 6.9
VI = VQ = 0.707V (radius = 1V) 15.6
VI = VQ = 0.125V
(radius = 0.175V) 14.1
CURRENT MODE
Power Gain (Note 4)
Power-Gain Range
II1 = IQ1 = 4mA, II2 = IQ2 = 0mA 8.1
II1 = IQ1 = 1mA, II2 = IQ2 = 0mA -6.2
Difference in gain between II1 = IQ1 = 4mA, II2 = IQ2 =
0mA and II1 = IQ1 = 1mA, II2 = IQ2 = 0mA
GSM, fIN = 942.5MHz
±62.5MHz
US cell, fIN = 881.5MHz
Gain Flatness Over Frequency
II1 = IQ1 = 4mA,
II2 = IQ2 = 0mA
±62.5MHz
JCDMA, fIN = 850MHz
±60MHz
KDI/JDC/PDC, f
= 820MHz
IN
±30MHz
GSM, fIN = 942.5MHz
±62.5MHz
US cell, fIN = 881.5MHz
±62.5MHz
JCDMA, fIN = 850MHz
Phase Flatness Over Frequency
Electrical delay removed,
II1 = IQ1 = 4mA,
II2 = IQ2 = 0mA
±60MHz
KDI/JDC/PDC, f
= 820MHz
IN
±30MHz
14.3 dB
±0.25
±0.12
±0.1
±0.1
±0.8
±1.1
±1.3
±0.4
dBm/Hz
dBm
dBm
dB
dB
Degrees
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