MAXIM MAX2016 Technical data

General Description

The MAX2016 dual logarithmic detector/controller is a
fully integrated system designed for measuring and
comparing power, gain/loss, and voltage standing-wave
ratio (VSWR) of two incoming RF signals. An internal
broadband impedance match on the two differential RF
input ports allows for the simultaneous monitoring of sig­nals ranging from low frequency to 2.5GHz.

The MAX2016 uses a pair of logarithmic amplifiers to
detect and compare the power levels of two RF input
signals. The device internally subtracts one power level
from the other to provide a DC output voltage that is pro­portional to the power difference (gain). The MAX2016
can also measure the return loss/VSWR of an RF signal
by monitoring the incident and reflected power levels
associated with any given load. A window detector is
easily implemented by using the on-chip comparators,
OR gate, and 2V reference. This combination of circuitry
provides an automatic indication of when the measured
gain is outside a programmable range. Alarm monitoring
can thus be implemented for detecting high-VSWR
states (such as open or shorted loads).

The MAX2016 operates from a single +2.7V to +5.25V*
power supply and is specified over the extended -40°C
to +85°C temperature range. The MAX2016 is available
in a space-saving, 5mm x 5mm, 28-pin thin QFN.

Applications

Return Loss/VSWR Measurements

Dual-Channel RF Power Measurements

Dual-Channel Precision AGC/RF Power Control

Log Ratio Function for RF Signals

Remote System Monitoring and Diagnostics

Cellular Base Station, Microwave Link, Radar,
and other Military Applications

RF/IF Power Amplifier (PA) Linearization

Features

♦ Complete Gain and VSWR Detector/Controller

♦ Dual-Channel RF Power Detector/Controller

♦ Low-Frequency to 2.5GHz Frequency Range

♦ Exceptional Accuracy Over Temperature

♦ High 80dB Dynamic Range

♦ 2.7V to 5.25V Supply Voltage Range*

♦ Internal 2V Reference

♦ Scaling Stable Over Supply and Temperature

Variations

♦ Controller Mode with Error Output

♦ Available in 5mm x 5mm, 28-Pin Thin QFN

Package

*See Power-Supply Connection section.

MAX2016

LF-to-2.5GHz Dual Logarithmic Detector/

Controller for Power, Gain, and VSWR Measurements

________________________________________________________________ Maxim Integrated Products 1

Pin Configuration

Ordering Information

19-3404; Rev 1; 10/06

For pricing, delivery, and ordering information, please contact Maxim/Dallas Direct! at
1-888-629-4642, or visit Maxim’s website at www.maxim-ic.com.

EVALUATION KIT

AVAILABLE

*EP = Exposed pad.
+Indicates lead-free package.
D = Dry pack.

Typical Application Circuit appears at end of data sheet.

PART TEMP RANGE

MAX2016ETI -40°C to +85°C

MAX2016ETI-T -40°C to +85°C

MAX2016ETI+D -40°C to +85°C

MAX2016ETI+TD -40°C to +85°C

PIN­PACKAGE

28 Thi n QFN - E P *,
b ul k

28 Thi n QFN - E P *,
T/R

28 Thi n QFN - E P *,
l ead fr ee, b ul k

28 Thi n QFN - E P *,
l ead fr ee, T/R

T2855-3

T2855-3

T2855-3

T2855-3

FA228OUTA27SETA26REF25SETB24OUTB23FB2

22

FA1 1

VCC2

RFINA+ 3

RFINA- 4

GND 5

COUTH 6

CSETH 7

MAX2016

8

9

10

11

12

COR

CC

V

THIN QFN

SETD

OUTD

V

CC

FV213FV1

FB121

VCC20

RFINB+19

RFINB-18

GND17

COUTL16

CSETL15

14

PKG

CODE

MAX2016

LF-to-2.5GHz Dual Logarithmic Detector/
Controller for Power, Gain, and VSWR Measurements

2 _______________________________________________________________________________________

ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS

Stresses beyond those listed under “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional
operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated in the operational sections of the specifications is not implied. Exposure to
absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability.

VCCto GND.........................................................-0.3V to +5.25V

Input Power Differential (RFIN_+, RFIN_-)......................+23dBm

Input Power Single Ended (RFIN_+ or RFIN _-) .............+19dBm

All Other Pins to GND.................................-0.3V to (V

CC

+ 0.3V)

Continuous Power Dissipation (T

A

= +70°C)
28-Pin, 5mm x 5mm Thin QFN (derate 35.7mW/°C

above +70°C)..................................................................2.8W

Operating Temperature Range ...........................-40°C to +85°C

Junction Temperature......................................................+150°C

Storage Temperature Range .............................-65°C to +150°C

Lead Temperature (soldering, 10s) .................................+300°C

DC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS

(VCC= +2.7V to +3.6V, R1= R2= R3= 0Ω, TA= -40°C to +85°C, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at VCC= +3.3V,
CSETL = CSETH = V

CC

, 50Ω RF system, TA= +25°C, unless otherwise noted.) (Note 1)

PARAMETER SYMBOL CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNITS

POWER SUPPLY

Supply Voltage

Total Supply Current I

Supply Current

INPUT INTERFACE

Input Impedance Differential impedance at RFINA and RFINB 50 Ω

Input Resistance R

DETECTOR OUTPUT

Source Current Measured at OUTA, OUTB, and OUTD 4 mA

Sink Current Measured at OUTA, OUTB, and OUTD 0.45 mA

Minimum Output Voltage Measured at OUTA, OUTB, and OUTD 0.5 V

Maximum Output Voltage Measured at OUTA, OUTB, and OUTD 1.8 V

Difference Output VOUTD P

OUTD Accuracy ±12 mV

COMPARATORS

Output High Voltage V

Output Low Voltage V

Input Voltage Measured at CSETL and CSETH

Input Bias Current CSETL and CSETH 1 nA

REFERENCE

Output Voltage on Pin 25 R

Load Regulation Source 2mA -5 mV

V

V

CC

OH

OL

R6 = 0Ω 2.7 3.3 3.6

S

R6 = 37.4Ω 4.75 5 5.25

S

Measured in each pin 2 and pin 20 16

Measured in pin 9 2

Measured in pin 12 9

Resistance at SETD 20

Resistance at SETA and SETB 40

= P

RFINA

R

LOAD

R

LOAD

LOAD

RFINB

≥ 10kΩ

≥ 10kΩ 10 mV

≥ 2kΩ 2V

43 55 mA

= -30dBm 1 V

V

-

CC

10mV

GND to

V

CC

V

mA

kΩ

V

V

MAX2016

LF-to-2.5GHz Dual Logarithmic Detector/

Controller for Power, Gain, and VSWR Measurements

_______________________________________________________________________________________ 3

AC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS—OUTA AND OUTB

(Typical Application Circuit, VCC= +2.7V to +3.3V, R1= R2= R3= 0Ω, TA= -40°C to +85°C, unless otherwise noted. Typical values
are at V

CC

= 3.3V, CSETL = CSETH = VCC, TA= +25°C, unless otherwise noted.) (Note 1)

RF Input Frequency Range f

Return Loss S

Large-Signal Response Time

RSSI MODE—0.1GHz

RF Input Power Range (Note 2)

±3dB Dynamic Range TA = -20°C to +85°C (Note 3) 80 dB

Range Center -32 dBm

Temperature Sensitivity

Slope (Note 4) 19 mV/dB

Typical Slope Variation TA = -20°C to +85°C -4 µV/°C

Intercept (Note 5) -100 dBm

Typical Intercept Variation TA = -20°C to +85°C 0.03 dBm/°C

RSSI MODE—0.9GHz

RF Input Power Range (Note 2)

±3dB Dynamic Range TA = -20°C to +85°C (Note 3) 80 dB

Range Center -30 dBm

Temperature Sensitivity

Slope (Note 4) 18.1 mV/dB

Typical Slope Variation TA = -20°C to +85°C -4 µV/°C

Intercept (Note 5) -97 dBm

Typical Intercept Variation TA = -20°C to +85°C 0.02 dBm/°C

RSSI MODE—1.9GHz

RF Input Power Range (Note 2)

±3dB Dynamic Range TA = -20°C to +85°C (Note 3) 67 dB

Range Center -27 dBm

Temperature Sensitivity

Slope (Note 4) 18 mV/dB

Typical Slope Variation TA = -20°C to +85°C -4.8 µV/°C

Intercept (Note 5) -88 dBm

Typical Intercept Variation TA = -20°C to +85°C 0.03 dBm/°C

PARAMETER SYMBOL CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNITS

RF

AC-coupled input 2.5 GHz

0.1GHz to 3GHz 20 dB

11

P

= no signal to 0dBm, ±0.5dB settling

RFIN

accuracy

P

RFINA

-32dBm

P

RFINA

-30dBm

P

RFINA

-27dBm

= P

= P

= P

RFINB

RFINB

RFINB

TA = +25°C to +85°C +0.0083

=

= +25°C to -20°C -0.0083

T

A

TA = +25°C to +85°C +0.0083

=

= +25°C to -20°C -0.0083

T

A

TA = +25°C to +85°C +0.0125

=

= +25°C to -20°C -0.0125

T

A

100 ns

-70 to
+10

-70 to
+10

-55 to
+12

dBm

dB/°C

dBm

dB/°C

dBm

dB/°C

MAX2016

LF-to-2.5GHz Dual Logarithmic Detector/
Controller for Power, Gain, and VSWR Measurements

4 _______________________________________________________________________________________

AC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS—OUTA AND OUTB (continued)

(Typical Application Circuit, VCC= +2.7V to +3.3V, R1= R2= R3= 0Ω, TA= -40°C to +85°C, unless otherwise noted. Typical values
are at V

CC

= 3.3V, CSETL = CSETH = VCC, TA= +25°C, unless otherwise noted.) (Note 1)

AC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS—OUTD

(Typical Application Circuit, VCC= +2.7V to +3.3V, R1= R2= R3= 0Ω, TA= -40°C to +85°C, unless otherwise noted. Typical values
are at V

CC

= 3.3V, CSETL = CSETH = VCC, TA= +25°C, unless otherwise noted.) (Note 1)

RSSI MODE—2.17GHz

RF Input Power Range (Note 2)

±3dB Dynamic Range TA = -20°C to +85°C (Note 3) 64 dB

Range Center -25 dBm

Temperature Sensitivity

Slope (Note 4) 17.8 mV/dB

Typical Slope Variation TA = -20°C to +85°C -8 µV/°C

Intercept (Note 5) -81 dBm

Typical Intercept Variation TA = -20°C to +85°C 0.03 dBm/°C

RSSI MODE—2.5GHz

RF Input Power Range (Note 2)

±3dB Dynamic Range TA = -20°C to +85°C (Note 3) 52 dB

Range Center -23 dBm

Temperature Sensitivity

Slope (Note 4) 17.8 mV/dB

Typical Slope Variation TA = -20°C to +85°C -8 µV/°C

Intercept (Note 5) -80 dBm

Typical Intercept Variation TA = -20°C to +85°C 0.03 dBm/°C

PARAMETER SYMBOL CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNITS

-52 to
+12

P

RFINA

-25dBm

P

RFINA

-23dBm

= P

= P

RFINB

RFINB

TA = +25°C to +85°C +0.0135

=

= +25°C to -20°C -0.0135

T

A

TA = +25°C to +85°C +0.0167

=

= +25°C to -20°C -0.0167

T

A

-45 to

+7

dB/°C

dB/°C

dBm

dBm

OUTD Center Point P

Small-Signal Envelope Bandwidth No external capacitor on pins FV1 and FV2 22 MHz

Small-Signal Settling Time

Large-Signal Settling Time

Small-Signal Rise and Fall Time

PARAMETER SYMBOL CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNITS

= P

RFINA

Any 8dB change on the inputs,
no external capacitor on FV1 and FV2,
settling accuracy is ±0.5dB

Any 30dB change on the inputs, no external
capacitor on pins FV1 and FV2, settling
accuracy is ±0.5dB

Any 8dB step, no external capacitor on pins
FV1 and FV2

RFINB

1V

150 ns

300 ns

15 ns

MAX2016

LF-to-2.5GHz Dual Logarithmic Detector/

Controller for Power, Gain, and VSWR Measurements

_______________________________________________________________________________________ 5

AC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS—OUTD (continued)

(Typical Application Circuit, VCC= +2.7V to +3.3V, R1= R2= R3= 0Ω, TA= -40°C to +85°C, unless otherwise noted. Typical values
are at V

CC

= 3.3V, CSETL = CSETH = VCC, TA= +25°C, unless otherwise noted.) (Note 1)

Note 1: The MAX2016 is tested at T

A

= +25°C and is guaranteed by design for TA= -40°C to +85°C.

Note 2: Typical minimum and maximum range of the detector at the stated frequency.
Note 3: Dynamic range refers to the range over which the error remains within the ±3dB range.
Note 4: The slope is the variation of the output voltage per change in input power. It is calculated by fitting a root-mean-square

straight line to the data indicated by the RF input power range.

Note 5: The intercept is an extrapolated value that corresponds to the output power for which the output voltage is zero. It is calcu-

lated by fitting a root-mean-square straight line to the data.

Large-Signal Rise and Fall Time

±1dB Dynamic Range

Slope fRF = 0.1GHz to 2.5GHz (A-B) -25 mV/dB

OUTD Voltage Deviation

±1dB Dynamic Range over
Temperature Relative to Best-Fit
Curve at +25°C

Gain Measurement Balance

Channel Isolation

PARAMETER SYMBOL CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNITS

Any 30dB step, no external capacitor on
pins FV1 and FV2

0.1GHz P

0.9GHz P

1.9GHz P

2.17GHz P

2.5GHz P

P

= P

RFINA

-20°C to +85°C

P

is swept ;

RFINA

= -20°C to

T

A

+85°C

= P

P

RFINB

1.9GHz

0.9GHz 90

1.9GHz 65

2.5GHz 55

= -30dBm, TA =

RFINB

= -50dBm to -5dBm, fRF =

RFINB

= -32dBm 80

RFINB

= -30dBm 75

RFINB

= -27dBm 60

RFINB

= -25dBm 55

RFINB

= -23dBm 50

RFINB

0.1GHz, P

-32dBm

0.9GHz, P

-30dBm

1.9GHz, P

-27dBm

2.17GHz, P

-25dBm

2.5GHz, P

-23dBm

RFINB

RFINB

RFINB

RFINB

RFINB

=

=

=

=

=

35 ns

±0.25 dB

80

70

55

50

45

0.2 dB

dB

dB

dB

MAX2016

LF-to-2.5GHz Dual Logarithmic Detector/
Controller for Power, Gain, and VSWR Measurements

6 _______________________________________________________________________________________

Typical Operating Characteristics

(MAX2016 EV kit, VCC= 3.3V, R1= R2= R3= 0Ω, CSETL = CSETH = VCC, TA= +25°C, unless otherwise noted.)

DIFFERENTIAL OUTPUT VOLTAGE

vs. A/B DIFFERENCE

MAX2016 toc01

MAGNITUDE RATIO (dB)

V

OUTD

(V)

3010-10-30

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

2.5

0

-50 50

fIN = 100MHz
P

RFINB

= -32dBm P

RFINA

IS SWEPT

TA = -20°C,
+25°C, +85°C

DIFFERENTIAL OUTPUT-VOLTAGE ERROR

vs. A/B DIFFERENCE

MAX2016 toc02

MAGNITUDE RATIO (dB)

ERROR (dB)

3010-10-30

-2

-1

0

1

2

3

-3

-50 50

fIN = 100MHz
P

RFINB

= -32dBm
NORMALIZED TO DATA
AT +25°C

TA = -20°C

TA = +85°C

DIFFERENTIAL OUTPUT VOLTAGE

vs. A/B DIFFERENCE

MAX2016 toc03

MAGNITUDE RATIO (dB)

V

OUTD

(V)

3010-10-30

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

2.5

0

-50 50

fIN = 900MHz
P

RFINB

= -30dBm P

RFINA

IS SWEPT

TA = -20°C,
+25°C, +85°C

DIFFERENTIAL OUTPUT-VOLTAGE ERROR

vs. A/B DIFFERENCE

MAX2016 toc04

MAGNITUDE RATIO (dB)

ERROR (dB)

3010-10-30

-2

-1

0

1

2

3

-3

-50 50

fIN = 900MHz
P

RFINB

= -30dBm
NORMALIZED TO DATA
AT +25°C

TA = -20°C

TA = +85°C

DIFFERENTIAL OUTPUT VOLTAGE

vs. A/B DIFFERENCE

MAX2016 toc05

MAGNITUDE RATIO (dB)

V

OUTD

(V)

200-20

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

2.5

0

-40 40

fIN = 1900MHz
P

RFINB

= -27dBm

P

RFINA

IS SWEPT

TA = -20°C

TA = +25°C

TA = +85°C

DIFFERENTIAL OUTPUT-VOLTAGE ERROR

vs. A/B DIFFERENCE

MAX2016 toc06

MAGNITUDE RATIO (dB)

ERROR (dB)

200-20

-2

-1

0

1

2

3

-3

-40 40

fIN = 1900MHz
P

RFINB

= -27dBm
NORMALIZED TO DATA
AT +25°C

TA = -20°C

TA = +85°C