Maxim MAX1648ESE, MAX1647EAP Datasheet

19-1158; Rev 0; 12/96

Chemistry-Independent

Battery Chargers

_______________General Description

The MAX1647/MAX1648 provide the power control neces­sary to charge batteries of any chemistry. In the MAX1647,
all charging functions are controlled via the Intel System
Management Bus (SMBus™) interface. The SMBus 2-wire
serial interface sets the charge voltage and current, and
provides thermal status information. The MAX1647 func­tions as a level 2 charger, compliant with the Duracell/Intel
Smart Battery Charger Specification. The MAX1648 omits
the SMBus serial interface, and instead sets the charge
voltage and current proportional to the voltage applied to
external control pins.

In addition to the feature set required for a level 2 charger,
the MAX1647 generates interrupts to signal the host when
power is applied to the charger or a battery is installed or
removed. Additional status bits allow the host to check
whether the charger has enough input voltage, and
whether the voltage on or current into the battery is being
regulated. This allows the host to determine when lithium­ion batteries have completed charge without interrogating
the battery.

The MAX1647 is available in a 20-pin SSOP with a 2mm
profile height. The MAX1648 is available in a 16-pin SO
package.

________________________Applications

Notebook Computers
Personal Digital Assistants
Charger Base Stations
Phones

____________________________Features

♦ Charges Any Battery Chemistry:

Li-Ion, NiCd, NiMH, Lead Acid, etc.

♦ Intel SMBus 2-Wire Serial Interface (MAX1647)
♦ Intel/Duracell Level 2 Smart Battery Compliant

(MAX1647)

♦ 4A, 2A, or 1A Maximum Battery-Charge Current
♦ 11-Bit Control of Charge Current
♦ Up to 18V Battery Voltage
♦ 10-Bit Control of Voltage
♦ ±0.75% Voltage Accuracy with External ±0.1%

Reference

♦ Up to 28V Input Voltage
♦ Battery Thermistor Fail-Safe Protection

______________Ordering Information

PART

MAX1647EAP
MAX1648ESE

TEMP. RANGE PIN-PACKAGE

-40°C to +85°C

-40°C to +85°C

20 SSOP
16 Narrow SO

MAX1647/MAX1648

__________________________________________________________Pin Configurations

TOP VIEW

IOUT

DCIN

CCV

CCI
SEL

BATT

REF

1
2
3

VL

4

MAX1647

5
6

CS

7
8
9

10

SSOP

20

BST

16

DCIN

CCV

CCI

BATT

REF

AGND

1

VL

2
3

MAX1648

4

CS

5
6
7
8

SO

LX

19
18

DHI

17

DLO
PGND

16
15

DACV
SDA

14

SCL

13
12

THM

11

INTAGND

BST
LX

15

DHI

14



13

DLO
PGND

12

SETV

11

SETI

10

THM

9

SMBus is a trademark of Intel Corp.

________________________________________________________________

Maxim Integrated Products

1

For free samples & the latest literature: http://www.maxim-ic.com, or phone [phone]

Chemistry-Independent
Battery Chargers

ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS

DCIN to AGND..........................................................-0.3V to 30V

DCIN to IOUT...........................................................-0.3V to 7.5V

BST to AGND............................................................-0.3V to 36V

BST, DHI to LX............................................................-0.3V to 6V

LX to AGND ..............................................................-0.3V to 30V

THM, CCI, CCV, DACV, REF,

DLO to AGND................................................-0.3V to (VL + 0.3V)

VL, SEL, INT, SDA, SCL to AGND (MAX1647) ...........-0.3V to 6V

SETV, SETI to AGND (MAX1648)................................-0.3V to 6V

BATT, CS+ to AGND.................................................-0.3V to 20V

Stresses beyond those listed under “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional
operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated in the operational sections of the specifications is not implied. Exposure to
absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability.

ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS

(V

DCIN

= 18V, V

= 4.096V, TA= 0°C to +85°C. Typical values are at TA= +25°C, unless otherwise noted.)

REF

PGND to AGND.....................................................-0.3V to +0.3V

SDA, INT Current ................................................................50mA

VL Current...........................................................................50mA

Continuous Power Dissipation (T

16-Pin SO (derate 8.7mW/°C above +70°C).................696mW

20-Pin SSOP (derate 8mW/°C above +70°C) ...............640mW

Operating Temperature Range

MAX1647EAP, MAX1648ESE ...........................-40°C to +85°C

Storage Temperature.........................................-60°C to +150°C

Lead Temperature (soldering, 10sec).............................+300°C

= +70°C)

A

MAX1647/MAX1648

SUPPLY AND REFERENCE

LOAD

SWITCHING REGULATOR

BATT Input Current (Note 1)

CS Input Current (Note 1)

CS to BATT Single-Count
Current-Sense Voltage

CS to BATT Full-Scale
Current-Sense Voltage

Voltage Accuracy

MAX1647, SEL = open,
ChargingCurrent( ) = 0x0020

MAX1647, SEL = open,
ChargingCurrent( ) = 0x07F0;
MAX1648, V

MAX1647, ChargingVoltage( ) = 0x1060,
ChargingVoltage( ) = 0x3130; MAX1648,
V

SETV

< 28V, logic inputs = VLDCIN Quiescent Current

DCIN

< 28V, no loadVL Output Voltage

DCIN

= 10mAVL Load Regulation

SOURCE

BATT

BATT

SETI

= 3.15V, V

< 500µAREF Output Voltage

= 12V

= 12V

= 1.024V

SETV

= 1.05V

15VL < 3.2V, V

350 500VL < 5.15V, V

15VL < 3.2V, VCS= 12V

170 400VL < 5.15V, VCS= 12V

-0.65 0.65

UNITSMIN TYP MAXCONDITIONSPARAMETER

V7.5 28DCIN Input Voltage Range

mA467.5V < V

V5.15 5.4 5.657.5V < V

mV100I

V3.20 4 5.15MAX1647VL AC_PRESENT Trip Point
V3.74 3.9 4.070µA < I

µA700REF Overdrive Input Current

kHz200 250 300Oscillator Frequency

%89 93DHI Maximum Duty Cycle

Ω47High or lowDHI On-Resistance
Ω614High or lowDLO On-Resistance

µA

µA

V019BATT, CS Input Voltage Range

mV2.94

mV170 185 200

%

2 _______________________________________________________________________________________

Chemistry-Independent

Battery Chargers

ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued)

(V

= 18V, V

DCIN

ERROR AMPLIFIERS

GMV Amplifier Maximum
Output Current

GMI Amplifier Maximum
Output Current

CCI Clamp Voltage with
Respect to CCV

CCV Clamp Voltage with
Respect to CCI

TRIP POINTS AND LINEAR CURRENT SOURCES

THM THERMISTOR_OR
Over-Range Trip Point

THM THERMISTOR_COLD
Trip Point

THM THERMISTOR_HOT
Trip Point

THM THERMISTOR_UR
Under-Range Trip Point

IOUT Output Current

CURRENT- AND VOLTAGE-SETTING DACs (MAX1647)

SETV, SETI (MAX1648)

LOGIC LEVELS (MAX1647)

Note 1: When DCIN is less than 4V, VL is less than 3.2V, causing the battery current to be typically 2µA (CS plus BATT input

current).

= 4.096V, TA= 0°C to +85°C. Typical values are at TA= +25°C, unless otherwise noted.)

REF

< 3.5V

CCV

< 3.5V

CCI

86.5 89 91.5MAX1647BATT POWER_FAIL Trip Point

89.5 91 92.5MAX1647

74 75.5 77

22 23.5 25

3 4.5 6MAX1647

MAX1647,
V

= 7.5V,

DCIN

V

= 0V

IOUT

= 0.6VSDA Output Low Sink Current

SDA

ChargingCurrent( ) = 0x001F
ChargingCurrent( ) = 0x0000 10 µA

UNITSMIN TYP MAXCONDITIONSPARAMETER

mA/V1.4GMV Amplifier Transconductance
mA/V0.2GMI Amplifier Transconductance

V

µA±80

µA±200

mV25 80 2001.1V < V

mV25 80 2001.1V < V

% of

DCIN

% of

V

REF

% of

V

REF

% of

V

REF

% of

V

REF

mA25 31 35

V-7.5 -1.0With respect to DCIN voltageIOUT Operating Voltage Range

bits6Guaranteed monotonicCDAC Current-Setting DAC Resolution
bits10Guaranteed monotonicVDAC Voltage-Setting DAC Resolution

µA1SETV Input Bias Current
µA5SETI Input Bias Current

V0 4.2SETV Input Voltage Range
V0 1.024SETI Input Voltage Range

V0.8SDA, SCL Input Low Voltage
V2.8SDA, SCL Input High Voltage

µA-1 1SDA, SCL Input Bias Current

mA6V

MAX1647/MAX1648

_______________________________________________________________________________________ 3

Chemistry-Independent
Battery Chargers

ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS

(V

= 18V, V

DCIN

temperature range are guaranteed by design.)

SUPPLY AND REFERENCE

SWITCHING REGULATOR

MAX1647/MAX1648

CS to BATT Full-Scale
Current-Sense Voltage

Voltage Accuracy

ERROR AMPLIFIERS

GMV Amplifier Maximum
Output Current

GMI Amplifier Maximum
Output Current

TRIP POINTS AND LINEAR CURRENT SOURCES

THM THERMISTOR_OR
Over-Range Trip Point

THM THERMISTOR_COLD
Trip Point

THM THERMISTOR_HOT
Trip Point

THM THERMISTOR_UR
Under-Range Trip Point

SETV, SETI (MAX1648)

LOGIC LEVELS (MAX1647)

= 4.096V, TA= -40°C to +85°C. Typical values are at TA= +25°C, unless otherwise noted. Limits over this

REF

< 28V, logic inputs = VLDCIN Quiescent Current

DCIN

< 28V, no loadVL Output Voltage

DCIN

SOURCE

BATT

MAX1647, SEL = open,
ChargingCurrent( ) = 0x07F0;
MAX1648, V

MAX1647, ChargingVoltage( ) = 0x1060,
ChargingVoltage( ) = 0x3130; MAX1648,
V

SETV

SDA

SETI

= 3.15V, V

= 0.6VSDA Output Low Sink Current

< 500µAREF Output Voltage

= 12V

= 1.024V

SETV

= 1.05V

89.5 91 92.5MAX1647

74 75.5 77

22 23.5 25

3 4.5 6MAX1647

UNITSMIN TYP MAXCONDITIONSPARAMETER

mA/V1.4GMV Amplifier Transconductance
mA/V0.2GMI Amplifier Transconductance

mA467.5V < V

V5.15 5.4 5.657.5V < V
V3.74 3.9 4.070µA < I

kHz200 250 310Oscillator Frequency

%89DHI Maximum Duty Cycle

Ω47High or lowDHI On-Resistance
Ω614High or lowDLO On-Resistance

µABATT Input Current 5VL < 3.2V, V
µACS Input Current 5VL < 3.2V, VCS= 12V

mV160 185 200

%-0.65 0.65

µA±130

µA±320

% of

V

REF

% of

V

REF

% of

V

REF

% of

V

REF

µA1SETV Input Bias Current
µA5SETI Input Bias Current

V0.8SDA, SCL Input Low Voltage
V2.8SDA, SCL Input High Voltage

µA-1 1SDA, SCL Input Bias Current

mA6V

4 _______________________________________________________________________________________

Chemistry-Independent

Battery Chargers

TIMING CHARACTERISTICS—MAX1647

(TA= 0°C to +85°C, unless otherwise noted.)

SCL Serial-Clock High Period
SCL Serial-Clock Low Period
Start-Condition Setup Time
Start-Condition Hold Time

SDA Valid to SCL Rising-Edge
Setup Time, Slave Clocking in Data

SCL Falling Edge to SDA Transition
SCL Falling Edge to SDA Valid,

Master Clocking in Data

HIGH

LOW

SU:STA

HD:STA

SU:DAT

HD:DAT

DV

TIMING CHARACTERISTICS—MAX1647

(TA= -40°C to +85°C, unless otherwise noted. Limits over this temperature range are guaranteed by design.)

CONDITIONS

SCL Serial-Clock High Period
SCL Serial-Clock Low Period
Start-Condition Setup Time
Start-Condition Hold Time

SDA Valid to SCL Rising-Edge
Setup Time, Slave Clocking in Data

SCL Falling Edge to SDA Transition
SCL Falling Edge to SDA Valid,

Master Clocking in Data

HIGH

LOW

SU:STA

HD:STA

SU:DAT

HD:DAT

DV

MAX1647/MAX1648

UNITSMIN TYP MAXSYMBOLPARAMETER CONDITIONS

µs4t
µs4.7t
µs4.7t
µs4t

ns250t
ns0t
µs1t

UNITSMIN TYP MAXSYMBOLPARAMETER

µs4t
µs4.7t
µs4.7t
µs4t

ns250t
ns0t
µs1t

_______________________________________________________________________________________ 5

Chemistry-Independent
Battery Chargers

__________________________________________Typical Operating Characteristics

(Circuit of Figure 3, TA = +25°C, unless otherwise noted.)

MAX1647

BATT LOAD TRANSIENT



CCI

CCV

0.9A TO 1.9A TO 0.9A

1ms/div

MAX1647/MAX1648

ChargingVoltage( ) = 0x2EE0 = 12000mV
ChargingCurrent( ) = 0xFFFF = MAX VALUE
ACDCIN = 18.0V, SEL = OPEN, R1 = 0.1Ω
R2 = 10kΩ, C1 = 68µF, C2 = 0.1µF, C3 = 47nF
L1 = 22µH, V

= 4.096V

REF

VL VOLTAGE vs. LOAD CURRENT

5.5

5.0

4.5

VL (V)

4.0

3.5
CIRCUIT OF FIGURE 3

= 6.6V

V

DCIN

0

050

10 20 40

LOAD CURRENT (mA)

30

INPUT AND OUTPUT POWER

40

V

= 28V

DCIN

= 12.6V

V

BATT

35

ChargingCurrent( ) = 0xFFFF
ChargingVoltage( ) = 0xFFFF

30
25
20

POWER (W)

15
10

5
0

500

0 2500

CURRENT INTO BATT (mA)

POWER INTO

CIRCUIT

POWER TO BATT

1000 1500

2000

0.001

MAX1647/48-05

0.01

0.1

DROP IN BATT OUTPUT VOLTAGE (%)

100

MAX1647/48-01



V

2.4V

12V

MAX1647/48-03

CCI



V

CCV

200mV/div



V

BATT

1V/div

CCI

CCV

MAX1647

OUTPUT V-I CHARACTERISTIC

BATT NO-LOAD 
OUTPUT VOLTAGE = 16.384V

1

10

V

= 28V, V

DCIN

ChargingVoltage( ) = 0xFFFF
ChargingCurrent( ) = 0xFFFF

500 1000 2000

0 2500

= 4.096V

REF

1500

LOAD CURRENT (mA)

1.1A TO 0.9A TO 1.1A

CCV

ChargingVoltage( ) = 0x2EE0 = 12000mV
ChargingCurrent( ) = 0x03E8 = 1000mA
ACDCIN = 18.0V, SEL = OPEN, C1 = 68µF, 
C2 = 0.1µF, C3 = 47nF, R1 = 0.1Ω
R2 = 10kΩ, L1 = 22µH, V


INTERNAL REFERENCE VOLTAGE

3.86

3.84

3.82

3.80

(V)

3.78

REF

V

3.76

3.74

3.72

3.70
0 2.0

MAX1647/48-06

MAX1647

BATT LOAD TRANSIENT



CCI

CCV

CCI

2ms/div

REF

0.5 1.0 1.5
LOAD CURRENT (mA)

MAX1647/48-02

CCV

CCI

= 4.096V

OUTPUT VOLTAGE ERROR

0.8

0.6

0.4

0.2

0

OUTPUT VOLTAGE ERROR (%)

-0.2

-0.4
4500 8500 12,500

PROGRAMMED VOLTAGE CODE IN DECIMAL

3mA LOAD

300mA LOAD

2.3V

12V

MAX1647/48-04



V

CCV



V

CCI

100mV/div



V

BATT

5V/div

16,500

MAX1647/48-07

6 _______________________________________________________________________________________

Chemistry-Independent

Battery Chargers

______________________________________________________________Pin Description

PIN

MAX1647 MAX1648

—6 SEL

NAME

INT

Linear Current-Source Output—1 IOUT
Input Voltage for Powering Charger12 DCIN
Chip Power Supply. 5.4V linear regulator output from DCIN.23 VL
Voltage-Regulation-Loop Compensation Point34 CCV
Current-Regulation-Loop Compensation Point45 CCI

Current-Range Selector. Tying SEL to VL sets a 4A full-scale current. Leaving SEL open
sets a 2A full-scale current. Tying SEL to AGND sets a 1A full-scale current.

Current-Sense Positive Input57 CS
Battery Voltage Input and Current-Sense Negative Input68 BATT

3.9V Reference Voltage Output or External Reference Input79 REF
Analog Ground810 AGND
Current-Regulation-Loop Set Point10— SETI
Open-Drain Interrupt Output—11
Voltage-Regulation-Loop Set Point11— SETV
Thermistor Sense Voltage Input912 THM
Serial Clock—13 SCL
Serial Data—14 SDA
Voltage DAC Output—15 DACV
Power Ground1216 PGND
Low-Side Power MOSFET Driver Output1317 DLO
High-Side Power MOSFET Driver Output1418 DHI
Power Connection for the High-Side Power MOSFET Driver1519 LX
Power Connection for the High-Side Power MOSFET Driver1620 BST

FUNCTION

MAX1647/MAX1648

_______________________________________________________________________________________ 7

Chemistry-Independent
Battery Chargers

MOST SIGNIFICANT

SCL

START

CONDITION

ADDRESS BIT (A6)

CLOCKED INTO SLAVE

A5 CLOCKED

INTO SLAVE

A4 CLOCKED

INTO SLAVE

A3 CLOCKED

INTO SLAVE

t

HD:STA

SDA

MAX1647/MAX1648

t

SU:STA

Figure 1. SMBus Serial Interface Timing—Address

SCL

t

SU:DAT

RW BIT

CLOCKED

INTO SLAVE

t

HD:DAT

t

LOW

ACKNOWLEDGE

BIT CLOCKED

INTO MASTER

t

SU:DAT

MOST SIGNIFICANT BIT

OF DATA CLOCKED

INTO MASTER

t

HD:DAT

t

HIGH

DV

SLAVE PULLING
SDA LOW

t

DV

SDA

t

Figure 2. SMBus Serial Interface Timing—Acknowledge

8 _______________________________________________________________________________________