The MAX1114 is a monolithic, flash analog-to-digital
converter (ADC) that can digitize a 2V analog input
signal into 8-bit digital words at a typical 150Msps
update rate.
For most applications, no external sample-and-hold is
required for accurate conversion due to the device's
narrow aperture time, wide bandwidth, and low input
capacitance. A single standard -5.2V power supply is
required to operate the MAX1114, with nominal 2.2W
power dissipation. A special decoding scheme reduces
metastable errors to 1LSB.
The part is packaged in a 42-pin ceramic sidebraze
that is pin-compatible with the CX20116 and
CXA1396D. The surface-mount 44-pin CERQUAD
allows access to additional reference ladder taps, an
overrange bit, and a data-ready output. For higher conversion rates, the pin-compatible 300Msps MAX1125 is
available.
________________________Applications
Digital Oscilloscopes
Transient Capture
Radar, EW, ECM
Direct RF Down-Conversion
Medical Electronics
Ultrasound, CAT Instrumentation
_________________Pin Configurations
TOP VIEW
DGND
AGND
V
EE
MINV
CLK
CLK
V
EE
AGND
AGND
VRBS
VRBF
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
D7D6D5D4D3D2D1
D8 (MSB)
44
40
41
42
43
MAX1114
15
16
13
14
12
EE
V
VIN
VR1
AGND
AGND
CERQUAD
D0 (LSB)
DREADY
DGND
35
36
37
38
39
18
17
VR2
AGND
34
33
AGND
32
V
EE
31
LINV
30
N.C.
29
DRINV
28
N.C.
27
V
EE
26
AGND
25
AGND
24
VRTS
23
VRTF
22
20
21
19
EE
V
VIN
VR3
AGND
____________________________Features
♦ Metastable Errors Reduced to 1LSB
♦ 10pF Input Capacitance
♦ 210MHz Input Bandwidth
♦ 150Msps Conversion Rate
♦ 2.2W Typical Power Dissipation
♦ Single -5.2V Supply
______________Ordering Information
PART
MAX1114AIDO
MAX1114BIDO
MAX1114AIBH -20°C to +85°C
MAX1114BIBH -20°C to +85°C 44 CERQUAD
Digital Input Voltage.................................................V
Reference Current V
Stresses beyond those listed under “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional
operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated in the operational sections of the specifications is not implied. Exposure to
MAX1114
absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability.
All electrical characteristics are subject to the
following conditions:
All parameters having min/max specifications are
guaranteed. The Test Level column indicates the
specific device testing actually performed during
production and Quality Assurance inspection.
Any blank section in the data column indicates
that the specification is not tested at the specified
condition.
Unless otherwise noted, all tests are pulsed;
therefore, T
14Digital Data Output (MSB)
18D7 Output Conversion ControlMINV4
—Overrange Output
20
21
—
23Reference Voltage Bottom, ForceVRBF11
30, 34
—Reference Voltage Tap 1 (typically -1.5V)VR113
32Reference Voltage Tap 2 (typically -1V)
—Reference Voltage Tap 3 (typically -0.5V)VR321
41Reference Voltage Top, Force
—Reference Voltage Top, Sense
—
—Data-Ready Output
CERQUAD
3, 7, 12, 22, 27, 32
28, 30
2, 8, 9, 14, 16, 18, 20,
25, 26, 33
1, 34
36
37–42
43
44
5
6
10
15, 19
17
23
24
29
35
NAME
V
EE
N.C.
DGND
D0
D1–D6
D7
D8
CLK
CLK
VRBS
VIN
VR2
VRTF
VRTS
DRINV
DREADY
No Connect. Not internally connected.
Inverse ECL Clock Input Pin
ECL Clock Input Pin
Reference Voltage Bottom, Sense
Analog Input. Can be connected to the input
signal or used as a sense.
Data-Ready Inverse
FUNCTION
MAX1114
_______________Detailed Description
The MAX1114 is a 150Msps, monolithic, 8-bit parallel
flash analog-to-digital converter (ADC) with an analog
bandwidth of over 200MHz. A major advance over previous flash converters is the inclusion of 256 input preamplifiers between the reference ladder and input
comparators. (See
not only reduces clock-transient kickback to the input
and reference ladder due to a low AC beta, but also
reduces the effect of the dynamic state of the input signal on the latching characteristics of the input comparators. The preamplifiers act as buffers and stabilize the
input capacitance so it remains constant for varying
input voltages and frequencies, making the part easier
to drive than previous flash converters. The MAX1114
incorporates a special decoding scheme that reduces
metastable errors (sparkle codes or flyers) to a maximum of 1LSB.
8-Bit, 150Msps Flash ADC
The MAX1114 has true differential analog and digital
data paths from the preamplifiers to the output buffers
(Current-Mode Logic) for reducing potential missing
codes while rejecting common-mode noise.
Careful layout of the analog circuitry reduces signature
errors. Every comparator has a clock buffer to reduce
differential delays and to improve signal-to-noise ratio.
The output drive capability of the device can provide
full ECL swings into 50Ω loads.
MAX1114
___________Typical Interface Circuit
Figure 1 shows the typical interface circuit. The
MAX1114 is relatively easy to apply, depending on the
accuracy needed. Wire-wrap may be employed with
careful point-to-point ground connections if desired, but
a double-sided PC board with a ground plane on the
component side, separated into digital and analog sections gives the best performance. The converter is
bonded-out to place the digital pins on the left side of
the package and the analog pins on the right side.
Additionally, an RF bead connection through a single
point from the analog to digital ground planes reduces
ground noise pickup.
Figure 2 (CERQUAD package only) shows the most
elaborate method of achieving the least error by correcting for integral nonlinearity, input-induced distortion, and power-supply/ground noise. It uses external
reference ladder tap connections, an input buffer, and
supply decoupling. The function of each pin and external connections to other components is as follows:
VEEis the supply pin with AGND as ground for the
device. The power-supply pins should be bypassed as
close to the device as possible with at least a 0.01µF
ceramic capacitor. A 1µF tantalum should also be used
for low-frequency suppression. DGND is the ground for
the ECL outputs and should be referenced to the output
pulldown voltage and bypassed as shown in Figure 1.
There are two analog input pins that are tied to the
same point internally. Either one may be used as an
analog input sense and the other for input force. This is
convenient for testing the source signal to see if there is
sufficient drive capability. The pins can also be tied
together and driven by the same source. The MAX1114
is superior to similar devices due to a preamplifier
stage before the comparators (Figure 4). This makes
the device easier to drive because it has constant
capacitance and induces less slew-rate distortion. An
optional input buffer may be used.
VEE, AGND, DGND
Analog Input VIN
Clock Inputs CLK,
CLK
The clock inputs are designed to be driven differentially
with ECL levels. The clock may be driven single-ended
since CLK is internally biased to -1.3V (Figure 5). CLK
may be left open but a 0.01µF bypass capacitor from
CLK to AGND is recommended. NOTE: System performance may be degraded due to increased clock noise
or jitter.
Output Logic Control MINV, LINV
These are ECL-compatible digital controls for changing
the output code from straight binary to two's complement, etc. (Table 1 and Figure 4). Both MINV and LINV
are in the logic low (0) state when they are left open.
The high state can be obtained by tying to AGND
through a diode or 3.9kΩ resistor.
Table 1. Output Coding
MINV
LINV
0V111...11100...00011...11000...00
.....
.....
.....
.100...00111...11000...00011...11
V
IN
.011...11000...00111...11100...00
.....
.....
.....
-2V000...00011...11100...00111...11
The digital outputs can drive ECL levels into 50Ω when
pulled down to -2V. When pulled down to -5.2V, the outputs can drive 150Ω to 1kΩ loads.
There are two reference inputs and one external reference voltage tap. These are -2V (VRBF), mid-tap (VR2)
and AGND (VRTF). The reference pins can be driven as
shown in Figure 1. VR2 should be bypassed to AGND
for further noise suppression.
These are five external reference voltage taps from -2V
(VRBF) to AGND (VRTF) which can be used to control
integral linearity over temperature. The taps can be driven by op amps (Figure 2). These voltage level inputs
can be bypassed to AGND for further noise suppression, if so desired. VRB and VRT have force and sense
pins for monitoring the top and bottom voltage references.
Not Connected (N.C.)
All N.C. pins should be tied to DGND on the left side of
the package and to AGND on the right side of the
package.
Data Ready and Data-Ready Inverse
DREADY, DRINV (CERQUAD package only)
The data-ready pin is a flag that goes high or low at the
output when data is valid or ready to be received. It is
essentially a delay line that accounts for the time necessary for information to be clocked through the
MAX1114’s decoders and latches. This function is useful for interfacing with high-speed memory. Using the
data-ready output to latch the output data ensures minimum setup and hold times. DRINV is a data-ready
inverse control pin (Figure 3).
Overrange Input D8
(CERQUAD package only)
When the MAX1114 is in an overrange condition, D8
goes high and all data outputs go high as well. This
makes it possible to include the MAX1114 in higher resolution systems.
Operation
The MAX1114 has 256 preamp/comparator pairs that
are each supplied with the voltage from VRTF to VRBF
divided equally by the resistive ladder as shown in the
Functional Diagram
tive input of each preamplifier/comparator pair. An analog input voltage applied at VIN is connected to the
negative inputs of each preamplifier/comparator pair.
The comparator states are then clocked through each
comparator's individual clock buffer. When CLK is low,
the master, or input stage, of the comparators compares the analog input voltage to the respective reference voltage. When CLK changes from low to high, the
comparators are latched to the state prior to the clock
transition and output logic codes in sequence from the
top comparators, closest to VRTF (0V), down to the
point where the magnitude of the input signal changes
sign (thermometer code). The output of each comparator is then registered into four 64-to-6 bit decoders
when CLK is changed from high to low. At the
decoders' output is a set of four 7-bit latches that are
enabled (track) when CLK changes from high to low.
From here, the outputs of the latches are coded into 6
LSBs from 4 columns and 4 columns are coded into 2
MSBs. Next are the MINV and LINV controls for output
inversions that consist of a set of eight XOR gates.
Finally, 8 ECL output latches and buffers are used to
drive the external loads. The conversion takes one
clock cycle from the input to the data outputs.
. This voltage is applied to the posi-
_________________Evaluation Boards
The MAX1114/MAX1125 evaluation kit (EV kit) demonstrates the full performance of the MAX1114. This
board includes a voltage reference circuit, clock driver
circuit, output data latches and an on-board reconstruction of the digital data. A separate EV kit manual
describing the operation of this board is also available.
Contact the factory for price and delivery.
Maxim cannot assume responsibility for use of any circuitry other than circuitry entirely embodied in a Maxim product. No circuit patent licenses are
implied. Maxim reserves the right to change the circuitry and specifications without notice at any time.
12
___________________Maxim Integrated Products, 120 San Gabriel Drive, Sunnyvale, CA 94086 (408) 737-7600
2
D0 (LSB)
V
EE
D1
AGND
D1
D0 (LSB)
THESE FUNCTIONS ARE
AVAILABLE IN THE
CERQUAD PACKAGE ONLY.