Image Processing Toolbox™
Release Notes
How to Contact The MathWorks
www.mathworks.
comp.soft-sys.matlab Newsgroup
www.mathworks.com/contact_TS.html Technical Support
suggest@mathworks.com Product enhancement suggestions
bugs@mathwo
doc@mathworks.com Documentation error reports
service@mathworks.com Order status, license renewals, passcodes
info@mathwo
com
rks.com
rks.com
Web
Bug reports
Sales, prici
ng, and general information
508-647-7000 (Phone)
508-647-7001 (Fax)
The MathWorks, Inc.
3 Apple Hill Drive
Natick, MA 01760-2098
For contact information about worldwide offices, see the MathWorks Web site.
Image Processing Toolbox™ Release Notes
© COPYRIGHT 2000–20 10 by The MathWorks, Inc.
The software described in this document is furnished under a license agreement. The software may be used
or copied only under the terms of the license agreement. No part of this manual may be photocopied or
reproduced in any form without prior written consent from The MathW orks, Inc.
FEDERAL ACQUISITION: This provision applies to all acquisitions of the Program and Documentation
by, for, or through the federal government of the United States. By accepting delivery of the Program
or Documentation, the government hereby agrees that this software or documentation qualifies as
commercial computer software or commercial computer software documentation as such terms are used
or defined in FAR 12.212, DFARS Part 227.72, and DFARS 252.227-7014. Accordingly, the terms and
conditions of this Agreement and only those rights specified in this Agreement, shall pertain to and govern
theuse,modification,reproduction,release,performance,display,anddisclosureoftheProgramand
Documentation by the federal government (or other entity acquiring for or through the federal government)
and shall supersede any conflicting contractual terms or conditions. If this License fails to meet the
government’s needs or is inconsistent in any respect with federal procurement law, the government agrees
to return the Program and Docu mentation, unused, to The MathWorks, Inc.
Trademarks
MATLAB and Simulink are registered trademarks of The MathWorks, Inc. See
www.mathworks.com/trademarks for a list of additional trademarks. Other product or brand
names may be trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective holders.
Patents
The MathWorks products are protected by one or more U.S. patents. Please see
www.mathworks.com/patents for more information.
Summary by Version ............................... 1
Contents
Version 7.0 (R2010a) Image Processing Toolbox
Version 6.4 (R2009b) Image Processing Toolbox
Version 6.3 (R2009a) Image Processing Toolbox
Version 6.2 (R2008b) Image Processing Toolbox
Version 6.1 (R2008a) Image Processing Toolbox
Version 6.0 (R2007b) Image Processing Toolbox
Version 5.4 (R2007a) Image Processing Toolbox
Version 5.3 (R2006b) Image Processing Toolbox
Version 5.2 (R2006a) Image Processing Toolbox
Version 5.1 (R14SP3) Image Processing Toolbox
...... 4
...... 8
...... 14
...... 18
...... 25
...... 30
...... 35
...... 39
...... 42
...... 44
Version 5.0.2 (R14SP2) Image Processing Toolbox
Version 5.0.1 (R14SP1) Image Processing Toolbox
Version 5.0 (R14) Image Processing Toolbox
Version 4.2 (R13SP2) Image Processing Toolbox
Version 4.1 (R13SP1) Image Processing Toolbox
......... 53
.... 47
.... 52
...... 77
...... 79
iii
Version 4.0 (R13+) Image Processing Toolbox ........ 82
Version 3.2 (R13+) Image Processing Toolbox
Version 3.1 (R12.1) Image Processing Toolbox
Version 3.0 (R12+) Image Processing Toolbox
Version 2.2.2 (R12) Image Processing Toolbox
Compatibility Summary for Image Processing
Toolbox
......................................... 108
........ 91
........ 95
........ 96
........ 105
iv Contents
SummarybyVersion
This table provides quick access to what’s new in each version. For
clarification, see “Using Release Notes” on page 2 .
Image Processing Toolbox™ Release Notes
Version
(Release)
Latest Versi
V7.0 (R2010a
V6.4 (R2009b)
V6.3 (R2009a)
V6.2 (R2
V6.1 (R2008a)
V6.0 (R2007b)
008b)
New Features
and Changes
on
Yes
)
Details
Yes
Details
Yes
Details
Yes
Details
Yes
Details
Yes
Detai
Ver sion
Compatibilit
Consideratio
Yes
Summary
Yes
Summary
Yes
Summary
Yes
Summary
Yes
Summary
Yes
ls
Summa
ry
y
ns
Fixed Bugs
and Known
Problems
Bug Reports
Includes fix
Bug Reports
Includes fixes
Bug Repor
Includes
Bug Reports
Includes fixes
Bug Reports
Includes fixes
Bug Re
des fixes
Inclu
es
ts
fixes
ports
Related
Documentation
at Web Site
Printable Release
Notes: PDF
Current product
documentation
No
No
No
No
No
(R2007a)
V5.4
V5.3 (R2006b)
V5.2 (R2006a)
.1 (R14SP3)
V5
Yes
Details
Yes
Details
s
Ye
tails
De
Yes
Details
Yes
Summary
Yes
Summary
s
Ye
mmary
Su
Yes
Summary
Bug Reports
Includes fixes
Bug Reports
Includes fixes
g Reports
Bu
cludes fixes
In
Bug Reports
Includes fixes
No
No
No
No
1
Image Processing Toolbox™ Release Notes
Version
(Release)
V5.0.2 (R14SP2)
V5.0.1 (R14SP1)
V5.0 (R14)
V4.2 (R13SP2)
V4.1 (R13SP1)
V4.0 (R13+)
V3.1 (R12.1)
V3.0 (R12+)
V2.2.2 (R12)
New Features
and Changes
Ver sion
Compatibility
Considerations
No Yes
Summary
No No
Yes
Details
Yes
Yes
Summary
No
Details
Yes
No
Details
Yes
Yes
Details
Yes
Details
Yes
Yes
Summary
No No No
Details
Yes
No
Details
Fixed Bugs
and Known
Problems
Fixed bugs
Details
Fixed bugs
Details
Fixed bugs
Details
Fixed bugs
Details
Fixed bugs
Details
Fixed bugs
Details
Fixed bugs
Details
Fixed bugs
Details
Related
Documentation
at Web Site
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
Using Release Notes
Use release notes when upgrading to a newer version to learn about:
• New features
• Changes
• Potential impact on your existing files and practices
Review the release notes for other MathWorks™ products required for this
product (for example, MATLAB
bugs, or compatibility considerations in other products impact you.
2
®
or Simulink®). Determine if enhancements,
SummarybyVersion
If you are upgrading from a software version other than the m ost recent one,
review the current release notes and all interim versions. For example, when
you upg rade from V1.0 to V1.2, review the release notes for V1.1 and V1.2.
What Is in the Release Notes
New Features and Changes
• New functionality
• Changes to existing functionality
Version Compatibility Con si derations
When a new feature or change introduces a reported incompatibility between
versions, the Compatibility Considerations subsection explains the
impact.
Compatibility issues reported after the product release appear under Bug
Reports at The MathWorks™ Web site. Bug fixes can sometimes result
in incompatibilities, so review the fixed bugs in Bug Reports for any
compatibility impact.
Fixed Bugs and Known Problems
The MathWorks offers a user-searchable Bug Reports database so you can
view Bug Reports. The development team updates this database at release
time and as more information becomes available. Bug Reports include
provisions for any known workarounds or file replacem ents. Information is
available for bugs existing in or fixed in Release 14SP2 or later. Information
is not avail able for all bugs in earlier releases.
Access Bug Reports using y our MathWorks Account.
3
Image Processing Toolbox™ Release Notes
Version 7.0 (R2010a) Image Processing Toolbox
This table summarizes what’s new in Version 7.0 (R2010a).
New Features
and Changes
Yes
Details belo
The follo
version:
• “New Ima
on page 4
• “The blo
page 5
• “Plot S
• “make
• “Inte
imdil
w
wing sections describe new features and changes introduced in this
geAdapter Class Supports Custom File Formats for blockproc”
ckproc Function Now Supports Spatially Varying Operations” on
elector N ow Generates Plots for imshow and imtool” on page 5
cform N ow Supports White Point Adaptation” on page 5
l Integrated Performance Primitives Library Support Extended to
ate, imerode, and medfilt2” on page 6
Version
Compatibility
Consideratio
Yes—Details
labeled as
Compatibility
Considerations,
below. S e e als o
Summary.
ns
Fixed Bugs
and Known
Problems
Bug Reports
Includes fix
es
Related
Documentation
at Web Site
Printable
Release Notes:
PDF
Current product
documentation
• “imr
• “Per
• “Non
New
For
Th
pr
econstruct Now Supports int64 and uint64” on page 6
formance Improvements” on page 6
-interactive Syntax of improfile Returns Different Output” on page 7
ImageAdapter Class Supports Custom File
mats for blockproc
e
blockproc function, introduced in R2009b, supported file-based block
ocessing for arbitrarily large images. In R2009b, you could use
blockproc
4
Version 7.0 (R2010a) Image Processing Toolbox
to read or write TIFF images or to read JPEG2000 images. Now, with the
addition of the new
blockproc with images of arbitrary file format.
ImageAdapter class, you can design your own class to use
The blockproc Function Now Supports Spatially Varying Operations
Additional fields have been added to the bloc kproc “block struct” that contain
spatial information. These new fields facilitate operations that depend on
location.
Plot Selector Now Generates Plots for imshow and imtool
The Plot Selector workspace tool creates graphs of workspace variables. The
imshow and imtool functions have been added to thelistofpossibleplotting
functions available in the Plot Selector. For more information about the Plot
Selector, see Enhanced Plot Selector Simplifies Data Display.
makecform Now Supports White Point Adaptation
makecform uses the white point specified by the International Color
Consortium (ICC) as the default for the
types. You can now adapt to a white point other than
thedefaultvalue,byusinganewsyntaxtospecifytheadaptedwhitepoint:
C = makecform(type, 'AdaptedWhitePoint', WP)
You can also create a linear chromatic-adaptation transform:
C = makecform('adapt', 'WhiteStart', WPS, 'WhiteEnd', WPE, ...
'AdaptModel', modelname)
This transform allows you to adapt XYZ color values from one white point to
another.
srgb2lab and lab2srgb transform
whitepoint('ICC'),
5
Image Processing Toolbox™ Release Notes
Intel Integrated Performance Primitives Library
Support Extended to imdilate, imerode, and medfilt2
The functions imdilate and imerode are now hardw are optimized for
ones(3) neighborhoods for single, uint8,anduint16 inpu t images.
The
medfilt2 function is now hardware optimized for integer data types
(
uint8, u int16,andint16)andthesingle data type with kernel size 3 x 3.
imreconstruct Now Supports int64 a nd uint64
The imreconstruct function now supports data types int64 and uint64.
Performance Improvements
Faster Functions
• edge
• imdilate
• imerode
• imfilter
• imresize
• iradon
• medfilt2
Multithreaded Functions
• bwmorph
• edge
• imabsdiff
• imadd
• imclose
• imdivide
6
Version 7.0 (R2010a) Image Processing Toolbox
• immultiply
• imopen
• iradon
• medfilt2
Non-interactive Syntax of improfile Returns Different Output
One of the non-interactive syntaxes of improfil e now returns different
output. The output for the syntax
C = improfile(I,xi,yi,N)
has changed. In the syntax above, N specifies the number of points for which
to compute intensity values and
theendpointsofthelinesegments.
xi and yi specify the spatial coordinates of
For a given line defined by
sampled at both endpoints and all sampling points in between at roughly unit
interval spacing. If the distance between
is evaluated at
N+1 points.
xi and yi, improfile now returns a profile
xi and yi is N pixels, the profile
Compatibility Considerations
In previous releases, if you supplied the xi and yi endpointsas(1,1)and
(10,1), the profile would be evaluated at nine points, the nine unit-length
intervals between 1 and 10 in the continuous x-y plane. Theseninepoints
would be the two end points, plus seven points in between.
7
Image Processing Toolbox™ Release Notes
Version 6.4 (R2009b) Image Processing Toolbox
This table summarizes what’s new in Version 6.4 (R2009b).
New Features
and Changes
Yes
Details belo
The follo
version:
• “New blo
• “Intel I
Extende
• “Expan
Space”
• “The i
• “Impr
the bw
w
wing sections describe new features and changes introduced in this
ckproc Function to Process Large Images” on page 8
ntegrated Performance Primitives Library Upgraded and Support
d to maci64” on page 10
ded h ou g h Function Allows Specification of Arbitrary Theta Search
on page 10
mfilter Function Now Faster for uint16 and double Inputs” on page 11
oved Spe ed for Calculating N-D Euclidean Distance Trans forms with
dist Function” on page 11
Version
Compatibility
Consideratio
Yes—Details
labeled as
Compatibility
Considerations,
below. S e e als o
Summary.
ns
Fixed Bugs
and Known
Problems
Bug Reports
Includes fix
es
Related
Documentation
at Web Site
Printable
Release Notes:
PDF
Current product
documentation
• “Mod
• “Eff
• “Pe
New
Th
ar
ified B eh a vi or for th e regionprops ConvexHull Property” on page 12
icient Display and Navigation of Very Large NITF-File Images in
ol” on page 12
imto
rformance Improvements” on page 12
blockproc Function to Process Large Images
enew
bitrarily large TIFF images. The new function supports in-memory
blockproc function supports file-based block processing for
8
Version 6.4 (R2009b) Image Processing Toolbox
operations as well as file-to-file processing of images which are too large to
load completely into memory.
Compatibility Considerations
In previous releases, you could use the blkproc function for in-memory
block-processing of images. The
release. Replace all instances of
blkproc function will be removed in a future
blkproc with blockproc.
When updating your code from
that the user-defined function,
blkproc to blockproc, it is important to note
fun, has a new signature. It now takes a
structure, the "block struct,” as input instead of simply a matrix of image data.
The examples below demonstrate how to update your code from
blockproc.
blkproc to
Example One: DCT2.
% BLKPROC code
I = imread('cameraman.tif');
fun = @dct2;
J = blkproc(I,[8 8],fun);
% BLOCKPROC equivalent (using an ano nymo us function)
fun = @(block_struct) dct2(block_struct.data);
J = blockproc(I,[8 8],fun);
Example Two: Filtering.
% BLKPROC code
I = imread('concordorthophoto.png');
h = fspecial('gaussian',[11 11],2.5);
fun = @(x) imfilter(x,h,'c onv','same');
J = blkproc(I,[500 500],[5 5],fun);
% BLOCKPROC equivalent (using an ano nymo us function)
fun = @(block_struct) imfilter(block_struct.data,h,'conv','same');
J = blockproc(I,[500 500],fun,'BorderSize',[5 5]);
9
Image Processing Toolbox™ Release Notes
Intel Integrated Performance Primitives Library
Upgraded and Support Extended to maci64
The Intel®Integrated Performance Primitives (Intel IPP) Library has been
upgraded from Version 5.3.1 to Version 6.0 Update 1. Intel IPP Library
support has been extended to 64-bit Intel-based Mac computers.
Expanded hough Function Allows Specification of
Arbitrary Theta Search Space
The hough function now yields fasterresultsfornarrowertheta ranges due to
the addition of a parameter/value pair for specifying theta values.
Compatibility Considerations
In previous releases, the 'ThetaResolution' parameter controlled the theta
values for the
the new
Function Elements Being Removed
'Theta' parameter.
hough function. Now 'ThetaReso lution' i s being replaced by
Function and Syntax What Happens
When You Use
the Function or
Element?
hough(BW,
'ThetaResolution',val)
Note that with the introduction of the 'Theta' parameter, not all abbreviated
forms of
entered the following syntax:
hough(BW, 'T', val)
stood for 'ThetaResolution'. Now if you enter this same syntax, 'T'
'T'
stands for the new 'Theta' parameter.
Still runs
'ThetaResolution' will still work. In previous releases, if you
10
Use This Instead Compatibility
Considerations
hough(BW,'Theta',
-90:val:(90-val))
Input parameter
no longer
recommended.
Use new
parameter.
'Theta'
Version 6.4 (R2009b) Image Processing Toolbox
If you have old code that uses the 'ThetaResolution' parameter, please see
the definition below:
Parameter
'ThetaResolution'
For 'The taResolution', ntheta = 2*ceil(90/The taRe solution). theta
angle values a re in the range [-90, 90) degrees. If
an integer, the actual angle spacing is
Description
Real scalar value between 0 and 90,
exclusive, that specifies the spacing (in
degrees) of the Hough transform bins
along the theta axis. Default: 1.
90/ThetaResolution is not
90/ceil(90/ThetaResolution).
The imfilter Function Now Faster for uint16 and double Inputs
The imfilter function now runs faster with uint16 and double inputs than
in previous releases. This performance enhancement is due to the use of the
Intel IPP Library with inputs of these types.
Compatibility Considerations
UsingtheIntelIPPlibraryforuint16 images, poses no compatibility issues.
The same is not true, however, for the
If an input image contains NaN values and a filtering kernel contains zero
values, the
library is enabled versus when it is disabled. If you want to preserve the
behavior of previous releases, use
the Intel IPP library.
imfilter function now gives different results when the Intel IPP
double data type.
iptsetpref('UseIPPL',false) to disable
Improved Speed for Calculating N-D Euclidean
Distance Transforms with the bwdist Function
A new algorithm improves the speed and reduces the memory footprint for
the
bwdist function.
11
Image Processing Toolbox™ Release Notes
Compatibility Considerations
In previous releases, the bwdist function used differe n t algorithms for
computing the Euclidean distance transform and the associated label matrix.
If you need the sam e results produced by the prev io us implementation, use
the function
Modified Behavior for the regionprops ConvexHull Property
The 'ConvexHull' property of regi onpr ops depends on the MATLAB
convhull function. Due to changes in convhull, the results returned by
'ConvexHull' will now be slightly different than in previous releases.
Compatibility Considerations
The order of the vertices returned by the 'ConvexHull' property of
regionprops may differ from that returned in releases before R2009b. Also,
the returned hull m ay contain additional collinear points that were omitted
in previous releases.
bwdist_old.
12
Efficient D isplay and Navigation of Very Large
NITF-File Images in imtool
The rsetwrite function allows you to create multi-resolution image pyramids
(R-Sets) that you can open in
only with TIFF files. Now it accepts NITF files, as well, as long as they are
Version 2.0 or greater, contain an uncompressed image, have integer data (no
floating point data), and have three or fewer image bands. Finally, if a NITF
file has more than one band of data, the data must be unsigned.
imtool. In previous releases, rsetwrite worked
Performance Improvements
The performance of several existing toolbox functions has been improved in
this release. In some cases, other toolbox functions call these functions and
therefore will also benefit from these speed improvements.
Faster Functions
• bwdist
• imcomplement
• imdilate
• imerode
• imfilter
• improfile
• imrotate
Multithreaded Functions
• applylut
• bwpack
• bwunpack
• imdilate
• imerode
Version 6.4 (R2009b) Image Processing Toolbox
• imreconstruct
13
Image Processing Toolbox™ Release Notes
Version 6.3 (R2009a) Image Processing Toolbox
This table summarizes what’s new in Version 6.3 (R2009a).
New Features
and Changes
Yes
Details belo
The follo
version:
• “Faster
Measuri
• “Multit
• “Effic
page 15
• “New D
• “New i
page 1
w
wing sections describe new features and changes introduced in this
, Less Memory-Intensive Workflow for Labeling Regions and
ng Their Properties” on page 15
hreaded Implementation of imfilter Function” on page 15
ient Display and Navigation of Very Large Images in imtool” on
ialog B o x for Setting Toolbox Preferences” on page 15
mcolormaptool Function That Opens Choose Colormap Tool” on
6
Version
Compatibility
Consideratio
Yes—Details
labeled as
Compatibility
Considerations,
below. S e e als o
Summary.
ns
Fixed Bugs
and Known
Problems
Bug Reports
Includes fix
es
Related
Documentation
at Web Site
Printable
Release Notes:
PDF
Current product
documentation
14
• “End
• “nit
• “Sup
• “ge
• “Fi
• “F
Point and Branch Point Detection Now Possible” on page 16
fread N ow Allows Image Subregion Selection” on page 16
port for Intel IPP on M ac” on page 16
tColor, getLabelVisible, a n d s etL a be lVisi bl e Methods Added to
istline” on page 17
imd
ve Functions Moved to MATLAB” on page 17
an-Beam Functions Updated” on page 17
Version 6.3 (R2009a) Image Processing Toolbox™
Faster, Less Memory-Intensive Workflow for Labeling
Regions and Measuring Their Properties
The bwconncomp function computes connected components for binary images.
It uses significantly less memory and is sometimes faster than
bwlabeln.
bwlabel and
To extract features from a binary image using
connectivity, just pass
To compute a labe l matrix havin g more m emory-efficient data type (e .g. ,
versus double), use the labelmatrix function on the output of bwconncomp.
BW directly into r egionprops (i.e., regionprops(BW)).
regionprops with default
uint8
Multithreaded Implementation of imfilter Function
The i mfil ter function is now multithreaded.
Efficient D isplay and Navigation of Very Large Images in imtool
The new rsetwrite function allows you to create a multi-resolution image
pyramid (R-Set) from a large TIFF image file. In previous releases, large
images would not open in
YoucannowopenyourR-Setwith
standard image.
imtool, or they did open, but navigation was slow.
imtool and explore it as you would a
New Dialog Box for Setting Toolbox Preferences
A new preferences dialog box allows customization of Image Proce ssing
Toolbox™ preferences. You can access the dialog box via the File menu in the
MATLAB desktop, the File menu in the Image Tool (
the command line by typing
iptprefs.
imtool), or directly from
A new preference has been added that allows you to specify w he the r the
Overview tool opens automatically when you launch the Image Tool.
Compatibility Considerations
In previous releases, the Overview tool opened automatically with imtool.
ThenewdefaultbehaviorisfortheOverviewtooltonolongeropen
15
Image Processing Toolbox™ Release Notes
automatically. If you would like to revert to the previous behavior you can set
this preference via the Image Processing Preferences dialog box (
iptprefs).
In previous releases, if you changed the preferences with the
command, these changes would revert to the default setting when you
finished a MATLAB session. Now, if you change preferences, these changes
will remain intact from one M ATLAB session to the next.
iptsetpref
New imcolormaptool Function That Opens Choose Colormap Tool
The new function imcolormaptool opens the Choose Colormap tool. The
Choose Colormap tool allows you to interactively change the colormap of a
displayed image. You can also access the tool from the Tools menu of the
Image Tool, as in previous releases.
End Point and Branch Point Detection Now Possible
bwmorph now detects end points and branch points in binary images.
nitfread Now Allows Image Subregion Selection
The nitfread function now includes a PixelRegion parameter that returns a
subimage as specified by row and column vectors.
Compatibility Considerations
From R2007a to R2008b, the nitfread function returned uint8 data for
images with 1-bit data. Now
1-bit data. If you want this function to behave as it did in the past, enter
the following:
nitfread returns logical data for images with
16
imdata = uint8(nitfread(filename));
SupportforIntelIPPonMac
In previous releases, the Image Processing Toolbox leveraged the Intel
Integrated Performance Primitives (Intel IPP) Library on 32- and 64-bit
®
Linux
the Mac
and Windows®platforms. Now Intel IPP-use has been extended to
®
.
Version 6.3 (R2009a) Image Processing Toolbox™
getColor, getLa
Methods Added to
imdistline now i
used to draw a sp
setLabelVisi
Distance tool
ble
text label.
Five Functio
The followin
MATLAB:
behavior of
compatibil
g five functions moved from the Im age Processing Toolbox to
rmute
cmpe
some of the functions has changed slightly, as described in the
ity considerations listed below.
belVisible, and setLabelV i sible
imdistline
ncludes a
ecific ROI object. Also, the new
methods make it possible to control the visibility of the
getColor method that returns the color
getLabelVisible and
ns Moved to MATLAB
, cmunique, dither, imapprox,andrgb2ind.The
Compatibility Considerations
• Functions dither and imapprox, when called without output arguments,
no longer display their output as an image via a call to
you want to display the resulting image, assign the output to one or more
variables and call
[Y,newmap] = imapprox(X,map,n)
imshow(Y,newmap)
imshow. For example, try the following:
imshow.Now,if
• Function rgb2ind errors when called with the syntax rgb2ind(RGB).You
must specify the number of colors, tolerance, or colorm ap. For example,
you can use the synt ax
number of colors.
• Function
As with
imapprox errors when called with the syntax imapprox(x,map).
rgb2ind, you must specify additional parameters.
rgb2ind(RGB,128),where128 represents the
Fan-Beam Functions Updated
Compatibility Considerations
Due to a bug fix, the fan-beam functions (fanb eam, ifanbeam, fan2para,
para2fan) now return different answers than in previous releases.
17
Image Processing Toolbox™ Release Notes
Version 6.2 (R2008b) Image Processing Toolbox
This table summarizes what’s new in Version 6.2 (R2008b).
New Features and
Changes
Yes
Details belo
w
Version
Compatibility
Consideratio
Yes—Details labeled
as Compatibility
Considerations,
below. See also
Summary.
The follow
version.
• “Perform
• “New cor
• “Now Sup
MatTRC”
• “New cr
• “Inter
• “The i
All Si
ing sections describe new features and changes introduced in this
ance Improvements” on page 19
nermetric Function Detects Corners” on page 19
port Absolute Colorimetric Rendering Intent for GrayTRC and
on page 19
eateMask Method Creates Mask for Any ROI” on page 19
active Tools Refresh when Target Image Changes” on page 19
mscrollpanel ’PreserveView’ Param eter Now Works for Images of
zes” on page 20
ns
Fixed Bugs and
Known Problems
Bug Reports
Includes fix
es
Related
Documentation at
Web Site
Printable Release
Notes: PDF
Current product
documentation
18
• “Dist
• “In i
• “im
• “Re
• “i
• “i
ance Tool and Cropping Tool Now Modes in imtool” on page 20
mtool O pe ning Adjust Contrast Tool No Longer Selects Window/Level
”onpage20
Tool
movie Command No Longer Shows Preview” on page 21
place Calls to ipttable Function with MATLAB uitable Function” on
e21
pag
mcontour Second Output Argument Changed” on page 22
mpixelinfo Tool Disappears when Image Changes” on page 22
Version 6.2 (R2008b) Image Processing Toolbox™
• “Some Code Moved into Different Directories” on page 23
• “Functions and Demos Being Removed” on page 23
Performance Improvements
The performance of several existing toolbox functions has been improved in
this release, including:
• Binary erosion and dilation (
rangefilt)
graycomatrix
•
• Image arithmetic and filtering now leverage the IPP Library on 32- and
64-bit Windows and Linux platforms.
imdilate, imerode, bwhitmiss,and
New cornermetric Function Detects Corners
New cornermetric function detects corners.
Now Support Absolute Co lorimetric Rendering Intent
for GrayTRC and MatTRC
New additions to the makecform syntax include rendering intents for the
Matrix/Tone Reproduction Curve (
Reproduction Curve (
GrayTRC) model.
MatTRC) model and the single-channel Tone
New createMask Method Creates Mask for Any ROI
Use the new createMask method to return a mask, or binary image, that is
the same size as the input image with 1s inside the ROI object and 0s outside.
The new method is available in the following classes:
imrect, imellipse, impoly,andimfreehand.
impoint, imline,
Interactive Tools Refresh when Target Image Changes
The following modular interactive tools now update automatically if you
modify the target image: Adjust Contrast, Pixel Region, Pixel Information,
Overview, Display Range, and Image Information.
19
Image Processing Toolbox™ Release Notes
The imscrollpan
Works for Images
The re plac eImag
You can now use t
replacement i
image will app
in the origina
mage is not the same size as your original image. The new
ear with the center of view in the same relative position as
limage.
el ’PreserveView’ Parameter Now
of All Sizes
e
function in the imscrollpanel API has been modified.
he
'PreserveView' parameterevenincaseswhereyour
Compatibility Considerations
In previous r
imagetoapp
Distance T
eleases, the default for different size images was for the new
ear centered and at 100% magnification.
ool and Cropping Tool Now Modes in
imtool
The Distan
Distance
release t
tool, you
you want
instead
Compatibility Considerations
In prev
length
ce tool and Cropping tool have been modified. Now to use the
tool, you click one end of the distance to be measured, drag, and
o complete the measurement. With the new version of the Cropping
may click and drag to define the cropping region as many times as
. If you define one region and then decide to crop a different region
, simply click and drag the mouse again to define the new region.
ious releases, the Distance tool appeared as a horizontal bar of set
. You could drag the ends of the tool to change size and orientation.
20
vious releases, if you defined one cropping region, you could move
In pre
ox or change the size, but you couldn’t start with a new box unless
this b
nceled the tool, clicked on the “Crop Image” toolbar button, and then
you ca
ned the new region.
defi
In im
Sel
Whe
lon
Wi
tool Opening Adjust Contrast Tool No Longer
ects Window/Level Tool
n you open the Adjust Contrast tool, the W indo w/Level tool is no
ger turned on automatically. To operate this feature, simply select the
ndow/Level tool icon from the Image Tool toolbar. (To identify the icon,
Version 6.2 (R2008b) Image Processing Toolbox™
note that if you move the cursor over the Window/Level tool i con, the words
“Adjust contrast/brightness via mouse motion” appear.) Or, you can select
“Tools” from the Image Tool menu and then click on “Window/Level.”
Compatibility Consideration
In previous releases, when you opened the Adjust Contrast tool, the
Window/Level tool automatically turned on at the same time. Note that the
Window/Level tool still turns on when you call
line.
imcontrast from the command
immovie Command No Longer Shows Preview
immovie no longer opens a figure window to display the movie as it is being
created. You can display and explore the output of
Compatibility Consideration
If you want to use movie to visualize the output but don’t know how to set
up the figure appropriately, call
before calling
movie.
imshow ononeofthemovieframesfirst
immovie using implay.
Replace Calls to ipttable Function with MATLAB uitable Function
The iptta ble function is being deprecated and will be removed in a future
release.
Compatibility Consideration
If you used the ipttable function to display tabular data, you should replace
use of
If you used the cell array syntax of
your code to achieve a similar effect using
about using
R2008a Code R2008b Co de
table =
ipttable(parent,cell_array_data);
ipttable with the MATLAB function uitable.
ipttable, make the following changes to
uitable,seetheuitable function reference page.
table =
uitable(parent,'Data',cell_array_data);
uitable. For more information
21
Image Processing Toolbox™ Release Notes
If you used the struct syntax of ipttable, make the following changes to your
code to achieve a similar effect with
R2008a Code R2008b Co de
table =
ipttable(parent,struct_data);
field_names = fieldnames(struct_data);
values = struct2cell(struct_data);
for idx = 1:numel(values)
val = values{idx};
if ~ischar(val) || size(v al,1) > 1
evalc('disp(values{idx})');
end
end
table = uitable(parent,'Data',
Code written in previous releases that depends on ipttable will begin to
warn and eventually error in later releases.
uitable.
values{idx} =
[field_names values]);
22
imcontour Second Output Argument Changed
The second output argument of imcontour is now a handle to an hggroup
object instead of an array of handles to patch objects.
Compatibility Consideration
If you need to access handles of individual patch objects, use the following
code to work around the change.
[c, handleToHGGroup] = im contour(..);
arrayOfHandlesToPatchObjects = get(handleToHGGroup, 'Child');
impixelinfo Tool Disappears when Image Changes
If you use imshow todisplayanimage,opentheimpixelinfo tool, and use
imshow to open a new image, the impixelinfo tool will disappear along with
the first image.
Version 6.2 (R2008b) Image Processing Toolbox™
Compatibility Considerations
In previous versions, if you entered the following code:
imshow pout.tif
impixelinfo
imshow peppers.png
the impixelinfo tool would update to reflect changes to the image. Now you
must call the
impixelinfo tool again after opening the second image.
Some Code Moved into Different Directories
• Colorspace functionality moved into the new toolbox/images/c olor spaces
directory.
• Medical file formats moved into the
with other file formats, and the
toolbox/images/iptformats directory
toolbox/images/medformats directory
was removed.
Functions and Demos Being Removed
Function or
Demo Name
pixval
dctdemo
edgedemo
firdemo
landsatdemo
nrfiltdemo
What Happens
When You Use
Function or
Demo?
Errors Use
Errors
Errors
Errors
Errors
Errors
Use This
Instead
impixelinfo for
pixel reporting
and
imdistline
for measuring
distance.
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
Compatibility
Considerations
Replace all
existing
instances of
pixval with
impixelinfo or
imdistline.
None
None
None
None
None
23
Image Processing Toolbox™ Release Notes
Function or
Demo Name
qtdemo
roidemo
What Happens
When You Use
Function or
Demo?
Errors
Errors
Use This
Instead
NA
NA
Compatibility
Considerations
None
None
24
Version 6.1 (R2008a) Image Processing Toolbox™
Version 6.1 (R2008a) Image Processing Toolbox
This table summarizes what’s new in Version 6.1 (R2008a).
New Features and
Changes
Yes
Details belo
w
Version
Compatibility
Consideratio
Yes—Details labeled
as Compatibility
Considerations,
below. See also
Summary.
The follow
version.
• “Create H
on page 2
• “Measur
• “Displa
• “Enhan
• “Enhan
• “cp2t
ing sections describe new features and changes introduced in this
igh Dynamic Range (HDR) Images and Write Them to Files”
5
e Properties of Regions in Grayscale Images” on page 26
y Very Large Images by Subsampling” on page 26
cements to ROI Tools” on pag e 26
cements to Color Functions” on page 27
form Function Supports New Transformations” on page 28
ns
Fixed Bugs an d
Known Problems
Bug Reports
Includes fix
es:
Related
Documentation at
Web Site
Printable Release
Notes: PDF
Current product
documentation
• “houg
• “Enh
• “New
• “Enh
Cre
The
Cr
im
h Function Uses Specified RhoResolution Values” on page 28
ancements to Interactive Tools” on page 28
and Updated Demos” on page 28
ancements to Other Functions” on page 29
ate High Dynamic Range (HDR) Images and Write
mtoFiles
eate a high dynamic range image from a g roup of low dynamic range
ages using the new
makehdr function. The low dynamic range images must
25
Image Processing Toolbox™ Release Notes
be spatially registered. You can write the HDR image to a file using the
hdrwrite function. These functions complement the hdrread and tonemap
functions introduced in R2007b.
Measure Properties of Regions in Grayscale Images
The regionprops function now accepts grayscale images as an input
parameter, returning measurements based on the values of pixels in specified
regions. Using
image such as the maximum, minimum, and mean intensities in the region,
and the weighted centroid.
Display Very Large Images by Subsampling
You can now display very large images from TIFF files by using the imshow
function’s new 'Reduce' parameter. When you specify this parameter,
imshow displays a subsampled version of the image. imshow determines the
subsampling factor by considering the size of the image and the reduction
required to fit the image on your screen. The
possible to view very large images in their entirety that could not previously
be displayed. Note, however, that the image subsampling that is performed
reduces that amount of image data displayed.
regionprops, you can obtain measurements of regions in the
'Reduce' parameter makes it
26
Enhancements to ROI Tools
The toolbox includes several functions that enable the definition of regions
of interest of various shapes:
imfreehand. These ROI tools have several enhancements:
ROI Tools Reimplemented as MATLAB Classes
The ROI tools have been reimplemented as MATLAB classes. This change
does not affect how the ROI tools function; they function identically to their
previous implementation. The documentation uses the MATLAB functional
syntax descriptions rather than the dot notation. That is, the documentation
shows how to call the class methods specifying a handle to the object as the
first argument,
dot notation when calling the methods,
iptgetapi function now returns an object of the new class which means that
code similar to the following will continue to work:
method(h,...). Note, however, that you can still use the
impoint, imline, impoly, imrect,and
obj.method(...).Inaddition,the
Version 6.1 (R2008a) Image Processing Toolbox™
api = iptgetapi(h)
api.method()
Compatibility Consideration. The class of the data returned by the ROI
tools is now a handle to an ROI class, such as
imline or impoly.Inaddition,
several undocumented methods supported by the ROI tools have been
removed:
and
getContextMenu, setContextMenu, getDrawAPI, addCallback,
removeCallback.
ROI Tools Support New wait and resume Methods
The ROI tools now support wait and resume methods so that they can be used
in scripts. By using the
make the initial placement of the ROI, adjust the ROI and accept it, and then
use the position in the script. For example, using the
ROI tool, you could write a script that creates a mask.
The
resume method is a programmatic way to return control to the command
line. When called after
position of the ROI.
wait method, you can enable users of your script to
wait method with an
wait, resume causes wait to return the accepted
Interactively Add New Vertices to ROI Polygons
You can now add vertices interactively to polygonal ROIs that you define
using the
impoly function. To create the new vertex, position the pointer over
an edge of the polygon and press the A key. The pointer changes shape. Click
the mouse to add a new v ertex. The
use
impoly to implement ROIs, also support this new capability.
roifill and roipoly functions, which
Enhancements to Color Functions
The following color functions have been enhanced.
makecform Supports Converting Between sRGB and CMYK
The makecfor m function now supports two new color space conversion types
for converting between sRGB and CMYK:
'srgb2cmyk' and 'cmyk2srgb'.
27
Image Processing Toolbox™ Release Notes
iccwrite Creates Smaller ICC Profiles
The iccwrite function now uses certain optimizations to reduce the size
of the International Color C onsortium (ICC) color p rofiles that it creates.
iccwrite uses aliasing to avoid writing tag data multiple times when it is
included in more than one profile table.
cp2tform Function Supports N ew Transformations
The cp2tform function supports two new transformation types: 'similari ty'
and 'nonreflective similarity'.
Compatibility Consideration
The 'l inea r conformal' transformation type supported by the cp2tform
function has been renamed to 'nonreflective similarity'.
hough Function U ses Specified RhoResolution Values
The hough function no w uses the value you specify for the 'RhoResolution'
parameter. In previous releases, the function did not us e the value specified.
28
Compatibility Consideration
The Hough matrix, H,andtheRho outputs returned by the hough function
have different results than those obtained from the same function in previous
releases.
Enhancements to Interactive Tools
The following modular interactive tools have been enhanced.
• Adjust Contrast tool (
Adjust Contrast tool is disabled until you make a change to image contrast.
• PixelRegiontool(
pixels being examined, the Pixel Region tool stops including grid lines in
the display at low magnifications.
imcontrast)—TheAdjust Data button in the
impixelregion) — To improve the visibility of the image
New and Updated Demos
The toolbox includes the following new and changed demos.
Version 6.1 (R2008a) Image Processing Toolbox™
• Batch Processing Image Files in Parallel is an existing demo that has been
updated, and simplified, through use of the
parfor function.
• Detecting Cars in a Video of Traffic is a new demo that shows how to use
the toolbox to visualize and analyze videos or image sequences.
• Measuring Regions in Grayscale Images is a new demo that shows how to
use the
regionprops function with grayscale images.
Enhancements to Other Functions
This release includes changes to the following functions.
Function
imageinfo
imshow
imtool
truesize
Description of Enhancem en t
Accepts files of several additional file formats as
an input argument, including NITF, Interfile, and
Analyzefileformats.
Supports a new colormap parameter for specifying a
colormap for grayscale images.
Supports a new colormap parameter for specifying a
colormap for grayscale images.
Preserves the border preference setting of the figure
when adjusting the image display size.
29
Image Processing Toolbox™ Release Notes
Version 6.0 (R2007b) Image Processing Toolbox
This table summarizes what’s new in Version 6.0 (R2007b).
New Features and
Changes
Yes
Details belo
w
Version
Compatibility
Consideratio
Yes—Details labeled
as Compatibility
Considerations,
below. See also
Summary.
New featur
• “New Inte
• “Image To
Saving o
• “New Fun
on page 3
• “New Fu
32
• “Enha
on pag
es and changes introduced in this version are
ractive Image Sequence and Video Viewer” on page 31
ol Includes Cropping, Enhanced Contrast Adjustment, and
f Modified Images” on page 31
ction for Converting Bayer Pattern Encoded Images to RGB”
1
nction for Creating a Multiresolution Gaussian Pyramid” on page
nced ROI Definition Behavior for
e32
ns
Fixed Bugs an d
Known Problems
Bug Reports
Includes fix
es:
imcrop, roifill,androipoly”
Related
Documentation at
Web Site
Printable Release
Notes: PDF
Current product
documentation
30
• “New M
• “New
• “Sup
• “En
• “DI
• “Ch
odular Interactive GUI-building Tools” on page 32
Programmable ROI Tools” on page 32
port for Reading NITF and HDR Images” on page 33
hanced Performance ” on page 33
COM Dictionary Upgrade” on page 33
anges to Other Functions” on page 34
Version 6.0 (R2007b) Image Processing Toolbox™
New Interactive
The toolbox now s
Movie Player (
• Play a MATLAB mo
• Step through a
the beginning
• Examine a fra
Image Tool.
Image Tool I
Adjustment
The Image T
• You can now
operation
image, no
Data in th
• You can n
the Crop Image button
Tools menu).
upports a new interactive image sequence viewer, called the
play
im
movie or sequence of images, frame-by-frame, or jump to
or end of the sequence.
me using the Pixel Region too l or export the frame to the
ncludes Cropping, Enhanced Contrast
, and Saving of Modified Images
ool (
imtool) supports several enhancements:
modify the image data after performing a contrast adjustment
. Previously, contrast adjustment only affected the display of the
t the actual image data. To modify image data, click Adjust
eAdjustContrasttool.
ow interactively crop an image displayed in th e Image Tool using
ImageSequenceandVideoViewer
). Using the Movie Player you can:
vie, AVI file, or mul tidimensional array.
in the toolbar (or select Crop Image from the
• Youcannowsavetheimagedisplayedintheimagetoolinanyofseveral
common image file formats. Select Save As from the Image Tool File menu.
New Function for Conver ting Bayer Pattern Encoded Images to RGB
The toolbox now supports a function, demosaic, that can convert a Bayer
pattern encoded image into an RGB image.
A Bayer filter mosaic, or color filter array, refers to the arrangement of color
filters that let each sensor in a single-sensor digital camera record only red,
green, or blue data. The patterns emphasize the number of green sensors
to mimic the human eye’s greater sensitivity to green light. The
function uses interpolation to convert the two-dimensional Bayer-encoded
image into a truecolor image, in the RGB color space.
demosaic
31
Image Processing Toolbox™ Release Notes
New Function for Creating a Multiresolution Gaussian Pyramid
The toolbox now supports a function, impyramid, that you can use to create a
multiresolution Gaussian pyramid. If you specify the
impyramid returns a low-pass filtered version of the image, half the size
of the original image. If you specify the ’expand’ parameter,
returns a filtered image twice the size of the original image. impyramid uses
convolution with a Gaussian filter kernel to produce the images.
Enhanced ROI Definition Behavior for imcrop, roifill,
and
The imcrop, roifill,androipoly functions now let you define an ROI and
then adjust the size and position of the ROI interactively using the mouse.
In previous releases, these functions supported the interactive definition of
ROIs, but only gave you one chance at the definition. Now, when you are
satisfied with the size and shape of the ROI, double-click to perform the
cropping, filling, or mask creation operation.
roipoly
'reduce' parameter,
impyramid
32
Compatibility Consideration
In previo us releases, when defining a polygonal ROI using roipoly,pressing
Backspace deleted the most recent vertex youhaddefinedinthepolygon.
With this release, pressing Backspace deletes the entire polygon. To delete
an in dividu a l vertex, move the pointer over the vertex, right-click to view the
vertex context menu, and then choose Delete Vertex.
New Modular Interactive GUI-building Tools
The set of modular interactive tools now includes functions to display a file
chooser dialog box and write data to a file (
afunction(
the user’s selections.
imputfile) that displays the file chooser dialog box and returns
imsave). The toolbox also includes
New Programmable ROI Tools
The set of programmable ROI creation functions provided by the toolbox now
includes three additional shapes:
• Polygons (impoly)
Version 6.0 (R2007b) Image Processing Toolbox™
• Ellipses (
• Freehand shapes (
The toolbox already includes ROI creation functions to create points, lines,
and rectangles.
Each of the ROI creation functions supports an API that you can use to
control aspects of its behavior and appearance. For example, you can use
API functions to specify the position of the ROI or retrieve the coordinates
of its current position.
imellipse)
imfreehand)
Support for Reading NITF and HDR Images
• Read metadata from a National Imagery Transmission Format (NITF)
file using
• Read an image from a NITF file using
• Read high d ynam ic range (HDR) images using
• Convert high dynamic range images into a format that can be displayed
using the
nitfinfo.
nitfread.
hdrread.
tonemap function.
Enhanced Performance
• Enhanced performance for thinning and skeletonization using bwmorph.
• Enhanced performance for filtering RGB images using
imfilter.
DICOM Dictionary Upgrade
The default DICOM dictionary has been upgraded to the 2007 version
released by NEMA. A text version of this dictionary is included in the product,
dicom-dict.txt. This upgrade fixes a problem with the earlier version of
the d ictionary which contained two instances of the same tag, which caused
warnings.
33
Image Processing Toolbox™ Release Notes
Compatibility Consideration
If your DICOM code depends on hard-coded old attribute names, you may see
failures. In addition, some DICOM files may no longer parse. C ustomers
who require attribute settings from the 2005 version can use the
function to access the old data dictionary, which we are shipping in R2007b.
That is,
dicom-dict.txt will have 2007 values and dicom-dict-2005.txt is
the v ersion of
Changes to Other Functions
This release includes changes to the following functions.
dicomdict
dicom-dict.txt found in R2006a and R2007a.
Function
imshow
Description of Change
Is not supported when MATLAB is started
with the
imhist
fanbeam,ifanbeam,fan2para,para2fan
Can now be embedded in custom GUIs.
The fan-beam functions now return different
answers than in previous releases due to a
bug fix.
imadjdemo
This demo has been deleted from the
toolbox.
-nojvm option.
34
Version 5.4 (R2007a) Image Processing Toolbox™
Version 5.4 (R2007a) Image Processing Toolbox
This table summarizes what’s new in Version 5.4 (R2007a).
New Features and
Changes
Yes
Details belo
w
Version
Compatibility
Consideratio
Yes—Details labeled
as Compatibility
Considerations,
below. See also
Summary.
New featur
• “Enhancem
• “applycf
• “Control
• “Enhanc
• “Enhanc
• “Compa
• “Chang
Enhan
imres
metho
es and changes introduced in this version are
orm Supports Tetrahedral Interpolation” on page 36
Point Selection Tool Enhancements” on page 36
ements to impoint, imline, and imrect Functions” on page 36
ements to montage Function” on page 37
tibility Considerations” on pa ge 37
es to Other Functions” on page 37
cements to imresize Function
ize
now runs faster, uses less memory, supports new interpolation
ds, and supports new options for specifying output size.
ns
ents to imresize Function” on page 35
Fixed Bugs an d
Known Problems
Bug Reports
Includes fix
es
Related
Documentation at
Web Site
Printable Release
Notes: PDF
Current product
documentation
Compatibility Consideration
mresize
The i
options, and new syntaxes. If you need the results produced by the
new
sion of
ver
function has been completely rewritten with new algorithms,
imresize in previous releases, use the imresize_old function.
35
Image Processing Toolbox™ Release Notes
applycform Suppor ts Tetrahedral Interpolation
The applycform function now uses tetrahedral interpolation for profiles
containing multidimensional lookup tables, and returns more accurate results.
Compatibility Consideration
The results returned by applycform are more accurate but they are
different than results returned in previous releases, for profiles containing
multidimensional lookup tables.
Control Point Selection Tool Enhancements
The Control Point Selection Tool has enh a nced visual appearance and
usability. For example, points are now numbered for easier identification
of matched pairs.
In addition, the tool now supports a
to be us ed in scripts. When you specify this option, cpselect blocks the
MATLAB command line until point selection is completed. For information
about using the Control Point Selection Tool, see “Image Registration” and
the reference page for the
cpselect function.
'wait' option which enables cpselect
Compatibility Consideration
The Control Point Selection Tool no longer includes the Redo or Undo
options on the Edit menu.
Enhancements to impoint, imline, a nd imrect Functions
The impoint, imline,andimrec t function now support an interactive
placement capability. Using the mouse, you can specify the initial position of
the point, line, or rectangle. In addition, the
interactive resizing using the mouse. See the reference pages for these
functions for more information and examples.
imrect function now supports
36
Version 5.4 (R2007a) Image Processing Toolbox™
Enhancements to
The montage func
and appearance o
these function
Compatibilit
tion now supports parameters that control the arrangement
f the images displayed. See the
s for more information and examples
y Considerations
montage Function
montage reference page for
makecform Uses ’icc’ Whitepoint for L*a*b*/sRGB Conversions
m
The makec for
space conve
L*a*b* (ty p
white point
parameter.
besides
'i
function now only uses the white point type 'icc' for color
rsions from L*a*b* to srgb (type =
e=
'srgb2lab'). In previous releases, you could specify other
values for these conversions, using the optional
This syntax now issues a warning when any other white point
cc'
is specified.
'lab2srgb')andfromsrgb to
'Whitepoint'
normxcorr2 Might Return Different Results
corr2
The normx
In previo
certain
inputs.
us releases,
function now returns values in the range [-1,1] for all inputs.
normxcorr2 returned values outside this range for
watershed Function Uses New Algorithm
The wat
change
basins
previ
ershed transform algorithm used by the
d. The previous algorithm occasionally produced labe le d watershed
that were not contiguous. If you need to obtain the same results as the
ous a lgorithm, use the function
watershed_old.
watershed function has
Chang
This
es to Other Functions
release includes changes to the following functions.
37
Image Processing Toolbox™ Release Notes
Function
imshow
imscrollpanel
iradon
iptsetpref
Description of Change
New 'border' parameter, to control
whether imshow includes a border around
the image displayed, and
'parent'
parameter, to specify the axes in which to
display the image.
New 'replaceImage' pa ra m eter lets you
replacetheimagedisplayedinthescroll
panel with a new image.
New 'none' value for the filter parameter
returns an unfiltered backprojection; also
supports new interpolation types.
New UseIPPL preference.
38
Version 5.3 (R2006b) Image Processing Toolbox™
Version 5.3 (R2006b) Image Processing Toolbox
This table summarizes what’s new in Version 5.3 (R2006b).
New Features and
Changes
Yes
Details belo
w
Version
Compatibility
Consideratio
Yes—Details labeled
as Compatibility
Considerations,
below. See also
Summary.
New featur
• “Enhancem
• “New Symm
• “Enhance
• “Enhanc
• “setCol
Enhanc
This re
DICOM
es and changes introduced in this version are
ents to DICOM Capabilities” on page 39
ments to ICC Color Capabilities” on page 40
ements to the imdistlineFunction”onpage40
or Method Accepts Predefined Color Strings” on page 41
ements to DICOM Capabilities
lease includes the following new feat ures and enhancements to the
capabilities of the Image Processing Toolbox:
Fixed Bugs an d
Known Problems
ns
Bug Reports
Includes fix
etric Option with graycomatrix Function” on page 39
es
Related
Documentation at
Web Site
No
• The to
• The p
New
The
Wi
at is symmetric about its diagonal. This is consistent with the GLCM
th
olbox includes a new function,
he name of an attribute in a DICOM data dictionary by specifying its
find t
p and element tags, or find the group and element tags for an attribute
grou
ecifying its name.
by sp
erformance of the
dicominfo function has been significantly improved
Symmetric Option with graycomatrix Function
graycomatrix function now supports a new option: 'symmetric'.
th this option, you can create a gray -level co-occurrence matrix (GLCM)
dicomlookup,thatprovidesawayto
39
Image Processing Toolbox™ Release Notes
definition given by Haralick in his 1973 article. For more information, see
graycomatrix.
Enhancements to ICC Color Capabilities
The toolbox includes the following enchancements to the ICC color capabilities:
• The
• The
applycform function can now transform colors using profiles that
contain parametric curve types.
iccread function now supports named colors in ICC profiles.
Compatibility Considerations
The whitepoint function, when used with the 'd50' argument, returns
different results in R2006b than it did in R2006a. The previously returned
XYZ color values were incorrect according to the current interpretation of
standards. If your algorithm depended on the old values, you might see subtly
different results.
Enhancements to the imdistline Function
This release includes the following enhancements to the imdistline function:
• The
• The
imdistline function now uses a different cursor shape at its endpoints
to highlight that these endpoints can be grabbed to change the length or
direction of the line. The function uses a hand cursor over endpoints and a
fleurcursoroverthebodyoftheline.
imdistline function reference page now includes an example that
shows how to use the
to express distance in non-pixel units.
XData and YData properties of the as sociated image
40
Compatibility Considerations
The Distance Tool’s getAngleFromHorizontal method now returns a value
between 0 and 180 degrees. Previously, this function incorrectly returned a
value between 0 and 90. For an explanation of how
calculates this angle, see the imdistline function.
getAngleFromHorizontal
Version 5.3 (R2006b) Image Processing Toolbox™
setColor Method Accepts Predefined Color Strings
The setColor m ethod of the imdistline, imline, impoint,andimrect
functions accepts an RGB triplet or the short- or long-name version of the
MATLAB predefined color names.
41
Image Processing Toolbox™ Release Notes
Version 5.2 (R2006a) Image Processing Toolbox
This table summarizes what’s new in V5.2 (R2006a).
New Features and
Changes
Yes
Details belo
w
Version
Compatibility
Consideratio
Yes—Details labeled
as Compatibility
Considerations,
below. See also
Summary.
New featur
• “Enhanced
• “New Poin
• “New Cons
• “Compat
• “IPPL No
Enhanc
The icc
chang
es and changes introduced in this version are
ility Considerations” on page 43
tUsedon64-BitSystems”onpage43
ed ICC Profile Capabilities
read
es to the ICC specification.
ns
ICC Profile Capabilities” on page 42
ter Management Functions” on page 43
traint Creation Function” on page 43
and iccwrite functions have b een updated to support recent
Fixed Bugs an d
Known Problems
Bug Reports
Includes fix
es
Related
Documentation at
Web Site
No
42
ition,
In add
:
types
• Devi
anot
• Col
spa
• Abs
ecific color effects.
sp
iccread can now read and process the following additional profile
ceLink profiles — Provide transformation from one device space to
her.
orSpace profiles — Provide transformation between a non-device color
ce and the profile connection space (PCS).
tract profiles — Enable color transformations to be defined that provide
Version 5.2 (R2006a) Image Processing Toolbox™
• Grayscale profiles — Specify the relationship between device values and
the PCS for specific colors.
In addition,
iccread can now read parametric curve types.
New Pointer Management Functions
The toolbox includes three new utility functions, iptPointerManager,
iptGetPointerBehavior,andiptSetPointer Beh avior,thatyoucanuseto
manage cha n ges to the pointer in GUIs. For example, you can use the pointer
management functions to change the appearance of the pointer when it moves
over objects in a figure. These functions can be useful when building GUIs
with the toolbox modular GUI tools.
New Constraint Creation Function
The toolbox includes a new utility function, makeConstrainToRectFcn,
that you can use to specify drag constraints for the
impoint,andimrect functions. You specify the constraints as arguments
to the
constraint function. To use this constraint with an object, set the value of the
setConstraintFcn API for the object to this function handle.
makeConstrainToRectFcn and this function returns a handle to a
imdistline, imline,
Compatility Considerations
When using the cp2tform, tforminv,orimtransform functions with the
transform type
previous versions due to a bug fix. If you have a transformation structure
(
TFORM) saved fro m an older version, you may want to regenerate it from
control points to get improved performance.
'piecewise linear' you might get different answers from
IPPL Not Used on 64-Bit Systems
CertainfunctionsintheImageProcessing Toolbox, such as the image
arithmetic functions, use the Intel Performance Primitives Library (IPPL), if
it’s available. (See
not use the IPPL on 64-bit systems.
ippl for more information.) Note that these functions do
43
Image Processing Toolbox™ Release Notes
Version 5.1 (R14SP3) Image Processing Toolbox
This table summarizes what’s new in Version 5.1 (R14SP3).
New Features and
Changes
Yes
Details belo
w
Version
Compatibility
Consideratio
Yes—Details labeled
as Compatibility
Considerations,
below. See also
Summary.
New featur
• “Support f
• “New Poin
• “Image To
• “New Uti
Functio
• “New Do
• “Contr
• “Comp
Suppo
The to
two a
rmation, see Reading and Writing Data in Medical Formats.
info
es and changes introduced in this version are
lity F u nctions for Use with Profile-Based Color Space Conversion
ns” on page 45
cumentation on Processing Image Sequences” on page 45
ol Point Selection Tool Now Works on Macintosh Systems” o n page 45
atibility Considerations” on page 46
rt for Two New Medical Image File Formats
olbox now includes functions for reading metadata and image data from
dditional medical image file formats. Analyze 7.5 and Interfile. For more
ns
or Two New Medical Image File Formats” on page 44
t, Rectangle, and Line Functions” on page 44
ol Enhancements and Improvem ents” on page 45
Fixed Bugs an d
Known Problems
Bug Reports
Includes fix
es
Related
Documentation at
Web Site
No
44
New
The
can
Th
Point, Rectangle, and Line Functions
toolbox includes three functions,
use to create draggable points, lines, and rectangles in a figure window.
ese functions can be used as building blocks for other GUI tools.
impoint, imline,andimrec t,thatyou
Version 5.1 (R14SP3) Image Processing Toolbox™
Image Tool Enhan
cements and Improvements
New Distance Tool
The Image Tool n
determine the
available in t
imdistline fu
creation. For
ow includes a new Distance tool that you can use to
distancebetweenanytwopointsinanimage.Thistoolisalso
he toolbox’s suite of modular interactive GUI tools. Using the
nction you can add the Distance tool to GUIs of your own
more information, see Measuring Features in an Image
Adjust Contrast Tool Enhancements and Improvements
The Adjust C
examples, t
mode with it
New Utilit
Color Spa
The toolb
with the p
Perform
New Docu
The Ima
with Im
with se
ontrast tool has been redesigned to provide better usability. For
he Adjust Contrast tool W indow/Level capability is now a separate
s own activation button.
y Functions for Use with Profile-Based
ce Conversion Functions
ox has two new utility functions,
rofile-based color conversion functions. For more information, see
ing Profile-based Color Space Conversions.
iccroot and iccfind,foruse
mentation on Processing Image Sequences
ge Proce ssing Toolbox User’s Guide includes a new section, Working
age Sequences, that describes which toolbox functions can be used
quences of image, also known as image stacks
Contr
Syst
The C
ol Point Selection Tool Now Works on Macintosh
ems
ontrol Point Selection Tool now works on Macintosh
®
systems.
45
Image Processing Toolbox™ Release Notes
Compatibility C
onsiderations
Obsolete and Deleted Functions
The following t
removed in thi
Function Enhancement
impositionrect
pixval
able lists toolbox functions that have been made obsolete or
s version.
This function is obsolete. Use imrect to perform the
same tasks.
This function is obsolete. It now issues a warning
when used. Use
use
imdistline for measuring distance
Image Tool Is Not Compilable
l
The imtoo
function is not compilable with the MATLAB Compiler.
impixelinfo for pixel reporting and
46
Version 5.0.2 (R14SP2) Image Processing Toolbox™
Version 5.0.2 (R14SP2) Image Processing Toolbox
This table summarizes what’s new in Version 5.0.2 (R14SP2).
New Features and
Changes
No
Version
Compatibility
Consideratio
Yes—Details labeled
as Compatibility
Considerations,
below. See also
Summary.
New featur
• “Major Bug
• “Compati
Major Bu
This rel
es and changes introduced in this version are
bility Considerations” on pa ge 51
gFixes
ease contains the following bug fix es.
ns
Fixes” on page 47
Fixed Bugs an d
Known Problems
Bug fixes
Details
Major Revisions to Fan-Beam Functions
This re
functi
impro
lease includes numerous updates and improvements to the fan-beam
ons:
fanbeam, ifanbeam, fan2para,andpara2fan.Thefixesinclude
ved calculations, improved documentation, and examples.
Related
Documentation at
Web Site
No
ample,
For ex
try is
geome
ect defa u lt value for the
corr
beam functions in a previous release, you might try them again to take
fan-
ntage of these improvements.
adva
ddition to the functional changes, many improvements to the
In a
umentation of the fan-beam functions have been made.
doc
nbeam
fa
fanbeam now returns the correct sensor locations when the
'line'.Theifanbeam and fan2para now consistently use the
'FanSensorSpacing' parameter. If you tried the
help now includes
47
Image Processing Toolbox™ Release Notes
• An example that shows how to extract projection data at a specific rotation
angle from the fan-beam data returned
• An explanation of how
in
F, the fan-beam data returned
• The default value for the
and 'arc' geometries
• Guidelines for setting the value of the
The help for the
to use the
ifanbeam function now includes an example that shows how
'minimal' coverage parameter.
Compatilbility Considerations. Results computed with earlier versions
of the fan-beam functions cannot be used with the new versions of these
functions.
Changes to the DICOM Functions
Thefollowingfixeshavebeenmadetothedic omread and dicomwrite
functions.
Function Bug Fixes
dicomread
dicomwrite
No longer errors when reading files that contain extraneous pixel
data; instead,
file does not contain enough pixel data,
• No longer is case sensitive when parsing input parameters. For
example, you can specify either
fanbeam calculates the number of rows and columns
'FanSensorSpacing' parameter for both 'line'
D parameter
dicomread issues a warning message. However, if the
dicomread issues an error.
'CreateMode' or 'createmode'.
48
• Preserves the full precision of data converted to decimal string
metadata. Previously,
dicomwrite limited precision to six digits.
• No longer errors when writing files with metadata values that
must be stored as a decimal string or integer string. Now, when
writing private data attributes (attributes that are not listed in
the DICOM data dictionary),
the type
UN (for unknown) and writes the data to the file as a
dicomwrite assigns the attributes
byte-for-byte copy of its in-memory representation. Because
dicomwrite writes the file with explicit value representation (VR),
the file might have a different VR value, but the data will be the
same.
Function Bug Fixes
• Includes the TriggerTime field for additional values of
ScanOptions, including 'CT'. Previously, dicomwrite only
included the
indicated a gated heart MR.
Version 5.0.2 (R14SP2) Image Processing Toolbox™
TriggerTime attribute if the ScanOptions field
• No longer issues an
if, when
'create' mode is specified, semantic verification is
not available for an information object. Instead,
Unsupported SOP class error message
dicomwrite
issues a more helpful message indicating that it might be able
to write the data if the mode was
In
'copy' mode, dico mwri te only performs sy ntactic checking,
not semantic verification. Consequently,
manymoretypesofDICOMfilesin
'create' mode. See the dicomwrite reference page for important
'copy’, rather tha n 'create'.
dicomwrite can write
'copy' mode than it can in
information about data integrity.
Changes to Image Tool and Modular Interactive Tools
The following fix es have been made to the Image Tool and other modular
interactive tools:
• The Image Tool now always makes the Open and Import from
Workspace options available on its File menu. Previously, the Image Tool
disabled these options if the tool contained an imag e. If the Image Tool
contains an image, the newly imported image is displayed in a new Image
Tool using the default preferences.
• The Image Tool zoom buttons can now be used on an image that has
superimposed vector data.
• The Image Tool toolbar buttons no longer create multiple versions of the
modular i nteractive tools when clicked rapidly in quick succession.
• The Image Information tool now displays correctly on Linux systems.
Previously, it displayed as a blank window.
• The Overview tool can now be resized from any corner. Previously, resizing
the tool using a corner other than the lowerleftcausedtheimagetobecome
progressively smaller until it disappeared.
49
Image Processing Toolbox™ Release Notes
• The Overview tool zoom buttons now provide an affordance that informs
users w hen they cannot use these buttons to zoom in or out on the image
displayed in the associated scroll panel.
• The Pixel Region to ol now displays floating-point values correctly.
Previously, the pixel value text strings displayed spilled over into adjacent
pixels for some floating-point im a ges.
• The Pixel Region tool now works correctly with image s displayed in
subplots.
• The Pixel Region tool no longer causes the target image to become tiny and
move to a different position in the figure.
Changes to the imshow Function
• The imshow function no longer overwrites nondefault axes in a figure.
• The
imshow function ignores any initial magnification value you specify
when used to display an image in a figure that is docked (the figure’s
WindowStyle property is set to 'docked'). In these cases, imshow displays
the image at the largest magnification that fits the window (
'fit’
magnification) and issues a warning .
Fixes to Other Functions
The following tables lists fixes that have been done to other toolbox functions.
Function Enhancement
applycform
cpcorr
imhist
Now correctly handles profiles that contain a gamut
tag.
Now is more numerically robust. For this release,
the subfunction
findpeak,whichcpcorr calls, has
been improv ed and is now a private function, rather
than a subfunction.
No longer causes a docked figure window to become
undocked.
50
Function Enhancement
imrotate
Now correctly rotates N-dimensional arrays, where
N i s greater than 3. In previous releases,
would accept N-D arrays but only return a 3-D array.
normxcorr2
Now always returns real values. In previous
releases, due to roundoff error, some sets of input
data caused the
complex valued matrix of correlation coefficients.
pixval
rgb2ind
Now works correctly with binary images.
Now returns a correct output image when called
with the syntax
rgb2ind(rgb,n,'nodither')
where n is greater than 256.
Version 5.0.2 (R14SP2) Image Processing Toolbox™
imrotate
normxcorr2 function to return a
Fixes to Image Processing Toolbox Deployment Issues
• Performance issues that occurred when deploying comp iled image
processing toolbox functions that call IPPL routines have been fixed.
• Running compiled versions of
imtool and some of the other modular
interactive tools no longer generates the following warning messages about
classes not being cleared:
Warning: Objects of graph ics.linkprop class exist - not clearing
this class or any of its super-classes.
Warning: An object instance still exi sts. Use the objectdirectory
command to see a count of existing instances.
Compatibility Considerations
The Image Processing Toolbox software now requires the following new
directory on the MATLAB path:
toolbox\shared\imageslib
51
Image Processing Toolbox™ Release Notes
Version 5.0.1 (R14SP1) Image Processing Toolbox
This table summarizes what’s new in Version 5.0.1 (R14SP1).
New Features and
Changes
No No
Version
Compatibility
Consideratio
Major Bug Fixes
The following are major bug fixes in this release.
DCT Image Compression Demo Now Calculates Mean Squared
Error Corr
The 2-D DCT Image Compression demo (dctdemo) previously calculated the
mean squared error incorrectly.
Choose C
The Choose Colormap tool now saves the colormap selection when running in
a compiled version of the Image Tool.
Image i
Adjust Contrast Tool
ously, if you used
Previ
Region tool, and then used the Adjust Contrast tool to adjust the
Pixel
rast of the image, the pixel colors in the Pixel Region tool did not update
cont
erly. This has been fixed.
prop
Fixed Bugs and
Known Problems
ns
Bug fixes
Details
Related
Documentation at
Web Site
No
ectly
olormap Tool Now Works with Compiled Applications
n Pixel Region Tool Now Updates When Using the
imtool to display a grayscale image, launched the
52
Version 5.0 (R14) Image Processing Toolbox™
Version 5.0 (R14) Image Processing Toolbox
This table summarizes what’s new in Version 5.0 (R14SP2):
New Features and
Changes
Yes
Details belo
w
Version
Compatibility
Consideratio
Yes—Details labeled
as Compatibility
Considerations,
below. See also
Summary.
New featur
• “New Image
• “New Modu
• “New Modu
• “Hough T
• “Textur
• “New IC
• “New De
• “New D
• “New I
es and changes introduced in this v ersion are:
ransform” on page 58
e Analysis” on page 59
C Color Profile Export F unctio n” on page 60
mos” on page 61
ICOM Anonymizer Function” on page 61
nteger Lookup Table Function” on page 61
Fixed Bugs an d
Known Problems
ns
Bug Fixes
Details
Exploration and Enhancement Tool” on page 54
lar Interactive Tools” on page 54
lar Tool Utility Functions” on page 57
Related
Documentation at
Web Site
No
• “New T
• “Upd
• “Cha
• “Ch
• “Pe
• “Im
• “M
oolbox Utility Functions” on page 61
ates to the imshow Function” on page 62
nges to Toolbox Preferences” on page 66
anges to Other Toolbox Functions” on page 67
rformance Improvements” on page 69
proved Memory Usage ” on page 69
ajor Bug F ix es” on page 70
53
Image Processing Toolbox™ Release Notes
• “Compatibility Considerations” on page 71
• “General Issues” on page 72
• “Issues Specific to the Linux Platform” on page 75
• “Issues Specific to the Macintosh Platform” on page 75
New Image Exploration and Enhancement Tool
The Image Processing Toolbox includes a new, open-architecture, image
exploration and enhancement tool, called the Image Tool.
The Image Tool replaces the Image Viewer, providing all the display and
exploration capabilities of its predecessor. For example, you can use the
Image Tool to display an image, view general information about the image,
get information about individual pixels or regions of pixels in the image, and
navigate large images using the Overview navigation window, scroll bars,
and magnification tools.
In addition, the Image Tool introduces several new tools, such as the Adjust
Contrast tool and the Choose Colormap tool. You can use the Adjust Contrast
tool to adjust the brightness and contrast of an image interactively. You
can use the Choose Colormap tool to change the colormap for indexed and
intensity images to any of MATLAB colormaps or to a user-defined colormap.
54
Unlike the Image Viewer, the Image Tool is built using standard featu res of
MATLAB Handle Graphics
the image being displayed using standard Handle Graphics techniques . For
example, you can use annotations and overlay vector graphics on images
displayedintheImageTool.Youcanuse
abasetousetocreateyourownapplication.
To start the Image Tool, use the
imtool('moon.tif')
®
. This enables the Image Tool to provide access to
imtool as an example to follow or as
imtool function:
New Modular Interactive Tools
The toolbox includes several new modular interactive tools that you can
activate from the command line and use with images displayed in a MATLAB
figure window, called the target image in this documentation. The tools are
modular because they can be used independently or in combination to create
Version 5.0 (R14) Image Processing Toolbox™
custom graphical interfaces for image processing applications. The Image
Tool uses these modular tools.
Thefollowingtableliststhesemodular tools along with the functions you
use to create them.
Modular Tool Description Function
Use
Adjust Contrast tool Display histogram of
image pixel values
in the target image
and enable interactive
adjustment of contrast
imcontrast to
create the tool in a
separate figure window
and associate it with an
image.
and brightness by
manipulating the
range.
Use
Display Range tool Display a text string
identifying the display
range values of the
target image.
imdisplayrange
to create the tool,
associate it with an
image, and embed it in
a figure or uipanel.
Image Inform ation tool
Display basic
information about an
image, along w ith any
metadata the image
might contain.
Use
imageinfo to
create the tool.
To collect image
information, use
imattributes,
imfinfo,and
dicominfo.
55
Image Processing Toolbox™ Release Notes
Modular Tool Description Function
Magnification box Create a text edit box
containing the current
magnification of the
target image. Users
can type in the desired
magnification.
Note The target image
must be contained in a
scroll panel.
Overview tool
Display the target
image in its entirety
with the portion
currently visible
in the scroll panel
outlined by a rectangle
superimposed on the
image. Moving the
rectangle changes the
portion of the target
image that is currently
visible in the scroll
panel.
Use immagbox to create
thetool,associateit
with an image, and
embed it in a figure or
uipanel.
Use imoverview to
create the tool in a
separate figure window
and associate it with an
image.
Use
imoverviewpanel
to create the tool in
a uipanel that can
be embedded wi thin
another figure uipanel.
56
Note The target image
must be contained in a
scroll panel.
Version 5.0 (R14) Image Processing Toolbox™
Modular Tool Description Function
Use
Pixel Information tool Display information
about the pixel the
mouse is over in the
target image.
impixelinfo
to create the tool,
associate it with an
image, and display it in
a figure or uipanel.
If you want to display
only the pixel values,
without the text label,
use
impixelinfoval.
Use
Pixel Region tool
Display pixel values for
a specified region in the
target image.
impixelregion
to create the tool in a
separate figure window
and associate it with an
image.
Use
impixelregionpanel
to create the tool as
a uipanel that can
be embedded wi thin
another figure or
uipanel.
Use
Scroll Panel
Display target image
in a uipanel with scroll
bars.
imscrollpanel to
add a scroll panel to a n
image displayed in a
figure window.
New Modular Tool Utility Functions
In addition to the modular tools listed above, the toolbox includes a number
of new utility functions that make GUI building easier. The following table
lists these utility functions in alphabetical order. The tools reside in the
$
MATLAB/toolbox/images/imuitools directory, where $MATLAB represents
your MATLAB installation directory.
57
Image Processing Toolbox™ Release Notes
Function Description
getimagemodel
imattributes
imgca
imgcf
imgetfile
imhandles
impositionrect
iptaddcallback
iptcheckhandle
iptgetapi
ipticondir
iptremovecallback
iptwindowalign
Retrieve imagemodel objects from image
handles
Return information about image attributes
Gethandletocurrentimageaxes
Get handle to current image figure
ImageOpenFiledialogbox
Get all im age handles
Create position rectangle
Addfunctionhandletocallbacklist
Check validity of handle
Get Application Programmer Interface from a
handle
Directories containing IPT and MATLAB icons
Delete function handle from callback list
Align figure windows
58
Hough Transform
The toolbox now includes three new functions that provide support for the
Hough transform.
•
hough
• houghpeaks
• houghlines
The hough function implements the Standard Hough Transform (SHT).
The Hough transform is designe d to detect lines, using the parametric
representation of a line:
rho = x*cos(theta) + y*si n(th eta).
Version 5.0 (R14) Image Processing Toolbox™
The variable rho is the distance from the origin to the line along a vector
perpendicular to the line.
vector. The
hough function generates a parameter space matrix whose rows
and columns correspond to these
The
houghpeaks functions finds peak values in this space, which represent
theta is th e angle between the x-axis and this
rho and theta values, respectively.
potential lines in the input image.
The
houghlines function finds the endpoints of the line segments
corresponding to peaks in the Hough transform, and it automatically fills in
small gaps.
Texture Analysis
The toolbox now supports a set of functions that yo u can use for texture
analysis. These functions include
•
entropy — Calculates the entropy of an intensity image
entropyfilt — Calculates the local entropy of an intensity image
•
graycomatrix — Computes the gray-level co-occurrence matrix from an
•
image
•
graycoprops — Extracts properties from a gray-level co-occurrence matrix
rangefilt — Calculates the local range of an image
•
stdfilt — Calculates the standard deviation of an image
•
Texture analysis refers to the characterization of regions in an image by their
texture content. Texture analysis attempts to quantify intuitive qualities
described by terms such as rough, silky, or bumpy in the context of an image.
In this case, the roughness or bumpiness refers to variations in the brightness
values or gray levels.
Some of the most commonly used texture measures are derived from the Grey
Level Co-occurrence Matrix (GLC M). The GLC M is a tabulation of how often
different combinations of pixel brightness values (gray lev els ) occur in a pixel
pair in an image. You can use the
and then use
graycoprops to extract feature information (e.g., contrast,
graycomatrix function to create a GLCM
correlation, energy, and homogeneity) from the GLCM.
59
Image Processing Toolbox™ Release Notes
The texture analysis support also includes several new functions that filter
using standard statistical measures, such as range, standard deviation, and
entropy. (Entropy is a statistical measure of randomness.) To see an example
of using these filtering functions, view the "Texture Segmentation Using
TextureFilters"demo.Usethe
New ICC Color Profile Export Function
The toolbox includes a new function, iccwrite,thatyoucanusetowrite
International Color Consortium (ICC) color profile data to a file. ICC profiles
provide color management systems with the information necessary to convert
color data between native device color spaces and device-independent color
spaces, called Profile Connection Space (PCS).
iptdemos function to access toolbox demos.
The toolbox also includes a function,
data is a valid ICC profile. The
isicc, that can verify w hether the
iccwrite function can output profile
data in accordance with both Ve rsion 2 (ICC.1:2001-04) and Version 4
(ICC.1:2001-12) of the ICC specification. For more information about the
changes between Version 2 and Version 4 of the specification, go to the ICC
Web site,
In addition,
www.color.org.
iccread, makecform,andapplycform all now work with Version
4 profiles as well as Version 2 profiles, and with color profiles with more
than four channels.
Changes to iccread
To add colo r profile export support, and to accommodate Version 4 of the
specification, there are some differences in the way data is returned by
iccread. In the structure returned by iccread some of the fields that
contained text strings in previo us rele ases are now structures. Accessing the
text string in the fields requires an a dditional level of dereferencing. For
example, the value of the Description field was a text string.
P.Description
ans =
sRGB IEC61966-2.1 991203
60
Version 5.0 (R14) Image Processing Toolbox™
Now, the value of this field is a structure with two fields: String and
Optional. To a ccess the text string, you must access the String field in this
structure.
P.Description.String
ans =
sRGB IEC61966-2.1 991203
New Demos
The toolbox includes two new demos:
• Texture Segmentation U sing the Text Filters
• Analyzing a Multispectral LANDSAT Image
In addition, some of the existing demos have been reorganized into new
categories. The Color Segmentation and Morphological Segmentation demos
have been moved to the new Image Segmentation category.
New DICOM Anonymizer Function
The toolbox now includes a new function, dicomanon,thatcanremoveall
confidential data from a DICOM file.
New Integer Lookup Table Function
The toolbox now includes a new function, in tlut, that can convert arrays of
uint8, uint16,andint16 integer values using a lookup table.
New Toolbox Utility Functions
The toolbox includes several new utility functions that can help with input
argument parsing. These functions check the validity of arguments and issue
standard error messages, if the argument is invalid. The toolbox includes
other utility functions to get the dynamic range of an image and convert a
positive integer to an ordinal string.
61
Image Processing Toolbox™ Release Notes
The following table lists these functions in alphabetical order. The functions
reside in the $
represents your MATLAB installation directory.
Function Description
getrangefromclass
iptcheckconn
iptcheckinput
iptcheckmap
iptchecknargin
iptcheckstrs
iptnum2ordinal
Updates to the imshow Function
There have been several changes to the behavior and syntaxes supported by
the
imshow function. The following sections describe these changes.
MATLAB/toolbox/images/iptutils directory, where $MATLAB
Check dynamic range of image
Check validity of connectivity argument
Check validity of input arguments
Check validity of colormap argument
Check number of arguments
Check validity of string arguments
Convert positive integer to ordinal string
62
• “Filenames No Longer Displayed as a Title in Figure Window Border” on
page 62
• “Nondefault Spatial Coordinate Syntax Changed” on page 63
• “Initial Image Magnification DISPLAY_OPTION Syntax Changed” on
page 63
• “New Image Scaling Algorithm Determines Image Display” on page 64
• “New Image Display Range Syntax” on page 65
• “Number-of-Gray-Levels Syntax Obsoleted” on page 66
Filenames No Longer Displayed as a Title in Figure Window Border
The ims how function when called with a filename
imshow(filename)
Version 5.0 (R14) Image Processing Toolbox™
no longer automa tically displays the filename as a title in the figure win dow
border. In previous releases, the gray space w as proportional to image size.
Often, this left too little space for small images and too much for big images,
making positioning the title in the figure window problematic.
Changes to the algorithm
'ImshowBorder' preference is set to 'loose' should allow plenty of room for
imshow uses to calculate the border size when the
title, axes tick marks, and axes labels in a way that is independent of the
image size. (See “New Image Display Range Syntax” on page 65 fo r more
information.)
Nondefault Spatial Coordinate Syntax Changed
The imshow syntax for specifying nondefault spatial coordinates has changed
to use parameter/value pairs. The old syntax
imshow(x,y,...)
is now
imshow(...,'XData',x,'YData',y)
imshow
still accepts the old syntax, automatically translating it to the new
syntax and issuing t he following warning.
IMSHOW(x,y,...) is an obs olete syntax. U se
IMSHOW(...,'XData',x,'YData',y) instead.
Initial Image Magnification DISPLAY_OPTION Syntax Changed
The imshow display_option syntax is obsolete. The old syntax,
imshow(...,display_option)
where displ ay_option was either 'truesize' or 'notruesize',hasbeen
replaced by the following parameter/value pair syntax:
imshow(...,'InitialMagnification',initial_mag)
63
Image Processing Toolbox™ Release Notes
As the value, you can specify a numeric magnification percentage value or
the text s tring
imshow still accepts the old syntax, automatically translating the old
display_option values to the new syntax, as shown in the following table.
'fit'.
The table also includes the text of the warning message issued by
Old Syntax Automatic Translation to New Syntax
imshow(...,'truesize') imshow(...,'InitialMagnification',100)
where 100% magnification specifies the same
one-image-pixel to one-screen-pixel magnification
achieved by the
'truesize' option. imshow also issues
the following warning message:
Warning: IMSHOW(...,'truesize') is an obsolete
syntax.
Use IMSHOW(...,'InitialMagnification',100) instead.
imshow.
imshow(...,'notruesize') imshow(...,'InitialMagnification','fit')
where the behavior is similar to the 'notruesize'
behavior. imshow issues the following warning m essage:
Warning: IMSHOW(...,'notruesize') is an obsolete
syntax.
Use IMSHOW(...,'InitialMagnification','fit') instead.
New Image Scaling Algorithm Determines Image Display
When you specify a numeric magnification percentage value, imshow performs
the following processing to determine how to display the image:
1 Calculate the gutter dimensions (gray space around image) and figure
window decoration dimensions.
64
Version 5.0 (R14) Image Processing Toolbox™
Note imshow only has to calculate these dimensions once per MATLAB
session because they are independent of the image being displayed and
depend on the system running the display function.
2 Determine the screen dimensions for the image at the requested display
magnification.
3 Addtheresultsofstep1andstep2.
4 Determine if the figure fits on the screen at the specified m ag n ification.
If the image in the figure window fits on the screen, display it.
Iftheimageinthefigurewindowdoesnotfitonthescreen,
the magnification until the image fits on the screen and displays it.
imshow reduces
imshow
issues a warning message that the image has been scaled, including the
magnification value in the message.
Note imshow now uses the same magnification increments as the zoom tool
(100%, 67%, 50%, 33%,...).
New Image Display Range Syntax
The imshow syntax in which you specify the disp lay ran ge of the image
imshow(I,[LOW HIGH])
has been augmented to use a parameter/value pair syntax
imshow(...,'DisplayRange',[LOW HIGH])
imshow
Note, however, that with the new parameter/value syntax, you can specify the
target image as a filename, as in the f ollowing example.
still accepts the old syntax.
imshow(filename,'DisplayRange'[LOW HIGH])
65
Image Processing Toolbox™ Release Notes
Ifyouwanttospecifythedisplayrangeforanintensityimagespecifiedbya
filename, you must use the
Number-of-Gray-Levels Syntax Obsoleted
The imshow syntax in which you specified the number of gray levels used
to display the image
imshow(I,N)
has been obsoleted.
'DisplayRange' parameter.
Compatibility Considerations. If you use this syntax,
imshow outputs the
following warning message:
IMSHOW(I,N) is an obsolet e syntax. Your intensity image will be
displayed using 256 shades of gray.
Changes to Toolbox Preferences
The names of several Image Processing Toolbox preferences have changed in
Version 5. The following table lists these preferences with the new name,
where available.
Obsolete Preference New Preference
'ImshowTruesize' 'ImshowInitialMagnification'
'ImviewInitialMagnification' 'Im toolInitialMagnification'
'TruesizeWarning'
No replacement.
Use the MATLAB
warning function
to control whether you see the
warning that appears when
displaying a large image with
imshow.
warning off
Images:initSize:adjustingMag
66
warning on
Images:initSize:adjustingMag
Version 5.0 (R14) Image Processing Toolbox™
Changes to Other
The following ta
5oftheImagePro
ble lists toolbox functions that have been changed in Version
cessing Toolbox.
Toolbox Functions
Function Enhancement
blkproc
The fun argument must be specified as a
function handle; it can no longer be specified as
an
inline function or text string. The syntax
blkprc(...,fun,P1,P2...) is no longer supported.
Use an anonymous function instead.
colfilt
See the entry for blkprc in this table. It describes
the change made to this function.
deconvblind
See the entry for blkprc in this table. It describes
the change made to this function.
dicomread
edge
age
getim
No longer
paramet
Support
compon
(Sobel
No longer accepts a handle to a texture-mapped
supports the
ers.
s new syntaxes that return the gradient
ents when gradient-based methods are used
, Prewitt, Roberts).
surface as an input argument or returns a
texture-mapped surface as an image.
only returns data for image objects.
'Dictionary' and 'Raw'
getimage now
graythresh
ifanbeam
getimage also returns a new flag identifying a binary
image.
Now implements Otsu’s class separability m etri c,
which measures the effectiveness of a threshold
computation. For this metric, the lower bound of 0
represents a monotone image and the upper bound of
1 represents a two-valued image.
See the entry for iradon in this table.
67
Image Processing Toolbox™ Release Notes
Function Enhancement
im2bw
imfilter
iradon
makelut
nlfilter
qtdecomp
regionprops
roifilt2
Might produce different results when used in
conjunction with the
graythresh function uses Otsu’s method which, by
graythresh function. The
definition, splits the pixels in an image into two
classes based on the calculated threshold. All the
pixels up to and including the pixels equal to the
threshold b elong to the first class and the remaining
pixels belong to the other class.
To match this algorithm, the
im2bw function now
uses the greater-than operator (>) instead of the
greater-than-or-equal operator (>=). Thus
im2bw
might produce different results from previous
releases.
Now automatically detects and exploits filter
separability to speed up the filter computation. This
change in the computational algorithm can result in
small differences in the output values because of a
combination o f floating-point roun doff differences and
integer rounding effects.
Now supports all interpolation types supported by
interp1. Previously, only 'l inea r', 'nearest',and
'spline' were supported.
See the entry for blkprc in this table. It describes
the change made to this function.
See the entry for blkprc in this table. It describes
the change made to this function.
See the entry for blkprc in this table. It describes
the change made to this function.
Now calculates the perimeter of each labeled region
in a label matrix.
The fun argument must be specified as a
function handle; it can no longer be specified as
an
inline function or text string. The syntax
roifilt(...,fun,P1,P2...) is no longer supported.
Use anonymous function instead.
68
Version 5.0 (R14) Image Processing Toolbox™
Performance Improvements
The performance of several existing toolbox functions has been improved in
this release, including:
•
regionprops (sixtimesfasterthanpreviousversion)
imfilter (faster for separable filters)
•
The
dicomread function has a five to 10 times performance improvement over
the previous version.
The performance of the following morphology functions has been improved
when used with large rectangular structuring elements.
•
imdilate
• imerode
Functions that call imdilate and imerode, specifying large rectangular
structuring elements, might also see a speed improv ement, i.e.,
imclose, imtophat,andimbothat.
imopen,
The performance of the following image type conversion functions and color
space conversion functions has been improved by using the
with data of classes
•
imadjust
uint8 and uint16.
intlut function
• imcomplement
• ind2gray
• rgb2gray
• rgb2ntsc
• rgb2ycbcr
• rcbcr2rgb
Improved Memory Usage
The memory usage of the following deblurring functions has been improved
by clearing temporary variables as the alg orithm s proceed.
69
Image Processing Toolbox™ Release Notes
• deconvblind
• deconvlucy
• deconvreg
• deconvwnr
edgetaper
The edgetaper function now uses single precision in its calculations for
images with an integer data type in order to reduce memory usage. This
means that
answer returned by previous versions of the toolbox. If you want
to use double precision for integer data types, convert your image to double
before calling edgetaper.
improfile
The improfile function used to cast input images to double if the image
was of class logical or if the image was of a nondouble class that uses an
interpolation method other than nearest-neighbor.
edgetaper returns an answer that is slightly different from the
edgetaper
70
The function now casts them to single to reduce memory overhead. In these
cases, the output of
the toolbox.
improfile might differ slightly from previous versions of
Major Bug Fixes
The following are important bug fixes in Version 5 of the Image Processing
Toolbox software.
Canny Edge Detector Handles Constant-Valued (Flat) Images
The Canny edge detector now accepts single-valued images, also called
monotone images, constant-value images, or flat images. Instead of issuing
an error when an input image is single-valued, the
Canny edge detection now returns an output image containing all zeros,
indicating that it found no edges.
edge function used with
Version 5.0 (R14) Image Processing Toolbox™
imcomplement Returns Correct Answer for Signed Integer Input
imcomplement was incorrectly calculating the complement of an image with
signed integer data type. T his problem has been fixed.
imlincomb Correctly Handles int16 Data Combined with Scalar
Having a 0.5 Fractional Part
imlincomb was giving an incorrect answer when combining int16 data with a
scalar that had 0.5 as a fractional part. This problem h as been fixed.
iradon No Longer Introduces a Vertical Shift of One Pixel
The iradon function now correctly calculates the vertical origin of the input
projections. Previously the calculated origin was off by one for inputs with
an even number of projection samples. The effect of this problem could be
observed by computing the Radon transform (using radon) of a test pattern
containing horizontal edges, followed by computing the inverse Radon
transform (using
output of
iradon showed a vertical misregistration of one pixel.
iradon). Carefulcomparisonofthetestpatternwiththe
imshow Correctly Renders Indexed Images with Colormaps
Having More Than 256 Colors
On the Windows platform, imshow now sets the figure’s 'Renderer' property
to
'zbuffer' for indexed images with associated colormaps having more
than 256 entries, so they render correctly. Previously these images would
appear black.
Compatibility Considerations
The issues mentioned here are all described in more detail in previous
sections.
• Changes to
preferences will still work as expected, but they will now warn.
• The functions
slightly different answers from previous releases in certain cases.
imshow syntax and to toolbox preferences. Old syntaxes and
edgetaper, im2bw, imfilter,andimprofile may give
71
Image Processing Toolbox™ Release Notes
Obsolete and Deleted Functions
The following tables lists toolbox functions that have been made obsolete or
removed in Version 5.
Function Status
dctmtx2
im2mis
imview
imzoom
uintlut
This function, which was obsoleted in previous release,
has been removed from the toolbox.
This function, which was obsoleted in previous release,
has been removed from the toolbox.
This function is obsolete. Itnowwarnsandpassesits
arguments to the
imtool function.
This function, which was obsoleted in previous release,
has been removed from the toolbox.
This function, which only accepted uint8 and uint16
data, now warns and passes arguments to the intlut
function, which also handles int16 data.
72
General Issues
Thefollowingareknownissues.
• “imoverview, imoverviewpanel, imscrollpane l and im tool Perform a n c e with
Large Intensity Images” on page 73
• “Image Tool Cursor Interactions” on page 73
• “Adjust Contrast Tool Does Not React to Changes in CLim, CData, or
CDataMapping” on page 73
• “impixelregionpanel Might InterferewithButtonDowneventsinParent
Figure” on page 74
• “imagemodel, imageinfo, and imattributes Return Incorrect D ata Type”
on page 74
• “cpselect Function Is Not Compilable” on page 74
• “Example in warp Function Reference Page Displays Incorrectly” on page
74
Version 5.0 (R14) Image Processing Toolbox™
imoverview, imoverviewpanel, imscrollpanel and imtool
Performance with Large Intensity Images
There is a performance problem with the Image Tool and its related
navigation tools when used with large intensity im ages.
Possible workarounds:
• For images of any class, the image can be treated as an RGB image via
repmat.
I = imread('concordorthophoto.png');
imtool(repmat(I,[1 1 3]))
• For images of class uint8 or uint16, the image can be treated as an
indexed image.
I = imread('concordorthophoto.png');
n = double(intmax(class(I)));
map = gray(n);
imtool(I,map)
Both workarounds will make imcontrast unusable and pixel reporting will
be for the wrong image type. The first workaround uses more memory than
the second workaround.
Image Tool Cursor Interactions
If you run the Image Tool and activate one of the navigational tools (zoom in,
zoom out, pan) prior to turning on the Adjust Contrast tool, the navigational
tool will be turned off and will be replaced by the mouse behavior of
imcontrast. Conversely, if you run imtool, start the Adjust Contrast tool,
and the n start a navigation tool, the mouse behavior of
imcontrast is turned
off.
Adjust Contrast Tool Does Not React to Changes in CLim,
CData, or CDataMapping
If you turn on the Adjust Contrast tool using imcontrast or imtool,andthen
set the axes
the A djust Contrast tool does respond to these changes in the image or axes.
Once y ou click on the tool, it updates based on changes to the
CLim property or the image CData or CDataMapping properties,
CLim values.
73
Image Processing Toolbox™ Release Notes
impixelregionpanel Might Interfere with ButtonDown events
in Parent Figure
If you create an impixelregionpanel and another imscrollpanel in the
same figure, the
throughout the figure. This can, for example, prevent the user from clicking
and dragging a position rectangle located in an
in the figure.
Workaround: After creating all of the panels needed for your GUI, execute
this code:
uistack(hPixelRegionPanel, 'bottom')
where hPixelRegionPanel isthehandlereturnedbyimpixelregionpanel.
imagemodel, imageinfo, and imattributes Return Incorrect
Data Type
The imagemodel, imageinfo,andimattributes functions return class
double for int16 or single images. These functions determine the data type
by querying the image object’s
image object converts its
impixelregionpanel can interfere with ButtonDown events
imscrollpanel elsewhere
CData.Forint16 and single images, the
CData to class double.
74
For example,
h = imshow(int16(ones(10)));
class(get(h,'CData'));
returns 'double'. Consequently, imageinfo and imattributes would return
aclasstypeof
double and calling the image model object’s getClassType
method returns double.
cpselect Function Is Not Compilable
You cannot compile MATLAB applications that call the cpselect function.
Example in warp Function Reference Page Displays Incorrectly
On some Windows XP systems, the example on the warp function reference
page does not display correctly. W hen
warp is called, the axes is empty. To
Version 5.0 (R14) Image Processing Toolbox™
work around this problem, switch the renderer to the Zbuffer renderer, as
follows.
set(gcf,'renderer','ZBuffer')
Issues Specific to the Linux Platform
The following are known issues with Image Processing Toolbox 5 on Linux
systems.
Alt+Click Zoom Behavior on Linux Systems
On Linux systems, if the Alt+Click combination is defined for any other
Window Manager behavior, when you choose the zoom in or zoom out tools
in the Image Tool, Alt+click will not zoom in the opposite direction from
the currently selected tool.
Issues Specific to the Macintosh Platform
The following issues are unique to Macintosh systems.
• “Image Tool Limitations” on page 75
• “Image Information Tool Not Supported” on page 75
• “Resize Behavior of impixelinfo and imdisplayrange” on page 76
• “Difference in Scroll BarBehavior”onpage76
• “Pixel Region Tool Slow on Macintosh Systems” o n page 76
• “Alt+Click Does Not Work for Opposite Zoom in imtool” on page 76
Image Tool Limitations
On Macintosh systems, the Image Tool (imtool) has the following limitations:
• The Magnification tool is not supported.
• The Image Information toolbar button is not functional.
Image I nformation Tool Not Supported
On Macintosh systems, the imageinfo function is not supported because it
require Java™ figures, which are not available on this platform.
75
Image Processing Toolbox™ Release Notes
Resize Behavior of impixelinfo and imdisplayrange
On Macintosh systems, the impixelinfo and imdisplayrang e functions do
not resize correctly because they require Java figures, which are not available
on this platform.
Difference in Scroll Bar Behavior
On Macintos h systems, if you create a scroll panel (imscrollpanel)anddrag
the scroll bars, the image does not update until you release the mouse from the
drag. On other platforms, the image updates continuously during the drag.
Pixel Regio n Tool Slow on Macintosh Systems
On Macintosh systems, the impixelregion and impixelregionpanel are
slower than on other platforms.
Alt+Click Does Not Work for Opposite Zoom in imtool
On Macintosh systems, if you are using the Image Tool and choose the zoom
in or zoom out tool, Alt+click does not zoom in the opposite direction from
the currently selected tool.
76
Version 4.2 (R13SP2) Image Processing Toolbox™
Version 4.2 (R13SP2) Image Processing Toolbox
This table summarizes what’s new in Version 4.2 (R13SP2).
New Features and
Changes
Yes
Details belo
w
Version
Compatibility
Consideratio
Yes—Details labeled
as Compatibility
Considerations,
below. See also
Summary.
New featur
• “Enhanced
• “Major Bu
Enhance
The tool
• The
read us
modali
corre
• The to
not de
in the
fiel
the d
es and changes introduced in this version are
d DICOM Support
box includes the following enhancements to the DICOM functions:
omwrite
dic
ing
ties,
ct amount of data is w ritten.
olbox can now read and write private metadata, even if they are
fined in the DICOM data dictionary. When private metadata is not
data dictionary,
ds, rather than the descriptive names available to attributes defined in
ata dictionary.
ns
DICOM Support” on page 77
gFixes”onpage78
function can now write data in any modality that can be
dicomread. Note, however, that when writing data in these
dicomwrite does not verify the data or check to see if the
Fixed Bugs an d
Known Problems
Bug Fixes
Details
dicomread uses ge neric names for the metadata
Related
Documentation at
Web Site
No
• You c
an create a custom data dictionary that contains definitions of your
vate metadata, using the
pri
dicomdict function.
77
Image Processing Toolbox™ Release Notes
Compatibility Considerations
The DICOM data dictionary changed sothatsomewordsaredifferentnow
than in previous releases. This is due to updates in the data dictionary as
defined by the DICOM standards committee.
Major Bug Fixes
The Image Processing Toolbox 4.2 includes the following bug fixes:
• The
bwdist function now produces correct results for very large images
(such as 10000-by-5000).
• The
dicomread function no longer produces the “Error using reshape”
message when reading a DICOM file containing multifram e data and
overlays stored in both the pixel data and in the metadata.
• The
dicomwrite function can now correctly handle data attributes with
multiple VMs (value multiplicity).
• The
dicomwrite function now produces correct results for the RLE
(run-length encoding) compression type when the number of bits per pixel
is greater than 8.
• The
im2col function, when called with the syntax im2col(1:N, [1 N]),
now returns a column vector.
• The
imview function, when called with the syntax imview(I,[]),whereI
is a constant image, no longer produces a w arning message about a badly
conditioned polynomial.
• The
montage function no longer displays an extra blank row when
displaying certain multiples of images.
• The
poly2mask function no longer errors when trying to close certain
polygons, specifically polygons where the last element of vector
match the first element,
x(1) ~= x(end), and the last element of vector Y
X doesn’t
matches the first, y(1) == y(end),orviceversa.
78
• The
stretchlim function now uses more bins to achieve better results for
input images of class
uint16 or doub le.
Version 4.1 (R13SP1) Image Processing Toolbox™
Version 4.1 (R13SP1) Image Processing Toolbox
This table summarizes what’s new in Version 4.1 (R13SP1).
New Features and
Changes
Yes
Details belo
w
Version
Compatibility
Consideratio
No
New feature
• “Reading a
• “Reading I
• “Reading a
• “Major Bu
s a nd changes introduced in this version are
Reading
Compres
The tool
using J
the ori
achiev
Using
data t
box now supports reading and writing data that has been compressed
PEG lossless compression. With lossless compression, you can recover
ginal image from its compressed form. Lossless compression, however,
es low er compression ratios than its counterpart, lossy compression.
either the
hat has been compressed using JPEG lossless compression.
ns
nd Writing Data with JPEG Lossless Compression” on page 79
CC Profiles Embedded in TIFF Files” on page 80
nd Writing L*a*b* Color Data” on page 80
gFixes”onpage80
and Writing Data with JPEG Lossless
sion
imread function or the dicomread function, you can read
Fixed Bugs an d
Known Problems
Bug Fixes
Details
Related
Documentation at
Web Site
No
geitherthe
Usin
JPEG
ode
M
the
pecify the
you s
ue.
val
imwrite or the dicomwrite function, you can write data to a
file using lossless compression. For the
parameter with the 'lossless' value. For the dicomwrite function,
CompressionMode parameter with the 'JPEG lossless'
imwrite function, you specify
79
Image Processing Toolbox™ Release Notes
Reading ICC Profiles E mbedded in TIFF Files
iccread can now read ICC profiles that are embedded in a TIFF file, if
the TIFF file contains one. ICC profiles contain information that color
management systems need to translate color data between devices.
To determine if a TIFF file contains an ICC profile, use the
to retrieve information about the file. If the returned data contains the
ICCProfileOffset field, the file contains an embedded ICC profile.
imfinfo function
Reading and Writing L*a*b* Color Data
The imread function can now read color data that uses the L*a*b* color space
from TIFF files. The TIFF files can contain L*a*b* values that are in 8-bit or
16-bit CIELAB encodings or in 8-bit or 16-bit ICCLAB encodings.
If a file contains 8-bit or 16- bi t CIELAB data,
the data into 8-bit or 16-bit ICCLAB encoding. The 8-bit or 16-bit CIELAB
data cannot be represented as a MATLAB array because it contains a
combination of signed and unsigned values.
The
imwrite function can write L*a*b* data to a file using either the 8-bit or
16-bit CIELAB encoding or the 8-bit or 16-bit ICCLAB encoding. You select
theencodingbyspecifyingthevalueofthe
imread automatically converts
ColorSpace parameter.
Major Bug Fixes
The version of the toolbox includes the following bug fixes.
applycform Fixes
The ap plyc form function includes two bug fixes.
80
• The
applycform function did not apply some profiles correctly when the
input color was in the XYZ color space. Specifically, profiles containing an
8-bit or 16-bit lookup table containing a non-identity "E" matrix were not
processed correctly by
Specification ICC.1:2001-04, sections 6.5.7 and 6.5.8.
applycform. For details about the E matrix, see ICC
Version 4.1 (R13SP1) Image Processing Toolbox™
• The applycform function now handles correctly Matrix/TRC profiles that
contain a single gamma correction factor. Previously, the forward and
inverse conversions were reversed.
Compiling Spatial Transformation Functions
Applications that call the imresize, imrotate, imtransfor m, tformarray,
tformfwd,andtforminv functions can now be compiled using the MATLAB
Compiler.
81
Image Processing Toolbox™ Release Notes
Version 4.0 (R13+) Image Processing Toolbox
This table summarizes what’s new in Version 4.0 (R13+).
New Features and
Changes
Yes
Details belo
w
Version
Compatibility
Consideratio
Yes—Details labeled
as Compatibility
Considerations,
below. See also
Summary.
New featur
• “New Image
• “Enhance
• “New Imag
• “Enhanc
• “Fan Bea
• “Bound
• “Unsig
• “Opti
• “Perf
es and changes introduced in this version are
d Color Space Functions” on page 84
e Enhancement Methods” on page 84
ed DICOM Support” on page 84
m Projection Transforms” on page 85
ary Tracing Functions” on page 85
ned Integer Lookup Tables” on page 85
mized Image Arithmetic Functions” on page 85
ormance Improvements” on page 86
Fixed Bugs an d
Known Problems
ns
Bug fixes
Details
Viewer” on page 82
Related
Documentation at
Web Site
No
82
• “Chan
• “Maj
• “Com
New
The
Vie
rgeimages. TheImageViewerautomatically displays the pixel value at the
la
mo
ges to Existing Functions” on pa g e 86
or Bug F ix es” on page 88
patibility Considerations” on page 89
Image Viewer
toolbox includes a new tool for displaying images, called the Image
wer. This tool supports zooming, scrolling, and overview navigation with
use location but you can also use a special zo om tool, called the Pixel Region
Version 4.0 (R13+) Image Processing Toolbox™
tool, to perform simultaneous color and quantitative inspection of individual
pixels. You can also view metadata for the image file or MATLAB variable.
To start the Image Viewer, use the
imview('board.tif')
imview function.
The following figure illustrates the Image Viewer and its capabilities.
Note On platforms that don’t support Java, have an older version of Java,
and o n Macintosh systems, calls to
toolbox issues this warning when
'IMVIEW is not available on this platform.', ...
'Calling IMSHOW instead.');
imview invoke the imshow function. The
imview is invoked:
83
Image Processing Toolbox™ Release Notes
Enhanced Color S
The toolbox incl
for converting t
spaces. The fun
of color spaces
(Internation
, ,and color sp
to and from the
The toolbox a
profiles and
In addition
representa
lab2doubl
New Image E
The toolb
and decor
The
equaliz
that wor
images
ox includes two new image enhancement functions:
thisteq
adap
ation (CLAHE). This function uses a contrast-enhancement method
ks significantly better than regular histogram equalization for m ost
.
udes a pair of new functions,
o and from a family of standard, device-independent color
ctions support conversions between members of the family
defined by the CIE Commission Internationale de l’Éc la irage
al Commission on Illumination), including the
industry standard
lso includes new function,
using them to transform color data.
, the toolbox also includes functions for converting the class
tion of converted color spaces:
e
, xyz2uint8,andxyz2double functions.
nhancement Methods
rstretch
.
function performs contrast-limited adaptive histogram
pace Functions
makecform and applycform,
, , ,
aces. The functions also support conversion
color space.
iccread, for reading in ICC color
lab2uint8, lab2uint16,
adapthisteq
84
The
image
is a te
This f
or mor
Enha
The d
MR (
The
ar
co
orrstretch
dec
s, or images with m ultiple color or spectral bands. Decorrelation stretch
chnique used to enhance, or stretch, the color differences in an image.
unction can be used, for example, to aid visual interpretation when two
e bands are significantly correlated.
nced DICOM Support
icomwrite
magnetic resonance) and CT (computed tomography) modalities.
dicominfo and dicomread functions can now read some files that
e marginally noncompliant with the DICOM specification. Some
mmonly-used medical imaging devices produce such files. In addition, these
function performs a decorrelation stretch on truecolor
function now supports exporting to DICOM files using the
Version 4.0 (R13+) Image Processing Toolbox™
functions can now read some files produced by GE®devices that use certain
private transfer syntaxes.
The toolbox includes a new function,
identifiers. This is the same method used b y the
dicomuid, that generates DICOM unique
dicomwrite function.
Fan Beam P rojection Transforms
The toolbox includes two new functions, fanbeam and ifanbeam,forcomputing
an alternative mathematical representation of an image using fan beam
projections. Using the
fan beam projection data.
The toolbox also includes functions,
projection data between fan-beam and parallel-beam geometries. (You use the
radon function to create parallel beam projection data.)
ifanbeam function, you can reconstruct an image from
fan2para and para2fan, for converting
Boundary Tracing Functions
The toolbox includes a new function, bwboundaries, to trace the boundaries of
all objects in a binary image. The new
single boundary from a given starting point.
bwtraceboundary function traces a
Unsigned Integer Lookup Tables
The toolbox includes a new function, uintlut, that changes element values
in a
uint8 or uint16 arraybypassingthemthrough a 256-element or
65,536-element lookup table. This low-level utility function has been used to
speed up other toolbox functions such as
imadjust.
Optimized Image Arithmetic Functions
The image arithmetic functions have been optimized in two ways:
• Portable code improvements have been made to speed up the arithmetic
functions on all platforms.
• Pentium- and MMX-specific code improvementshavebeenmadetoprovide
additional speed improvements on the W indows and Linux platforms. The
changes are based on the Intel Performance Primitiv es Library.
85
Image Processing Toolbox™ Release Notes
Functions affected by these improvements include the imabsdiff, imadd,
imcomplement, imdivide, imlincomb,andtheimmultiply functions. To
determine if the Intel Performance Primitives Library is being used, call
the
ippl function.
Performance Improvements
A variety of existing toolbox functions have been optimized to run faster and
use less memory.
• Image type conversion functions
• Certain image enhancement functions:
imadjust and imhist
• Certain color space conversion functions: rgb2gray, rgb2ntsc, rgb2ycbcr,
and
ycbcr2rgb
• Deblurring functions: deconvblind, deconvlucy, deconvreg,and
deconvwnr
Changes to Existing Functions
In addition to the major new features, the toolbox includes several additional
enhancements.
Function Enhancement
cp2tform
cpselect
imadjust
immovie
The algorithms have been mo dified to make
them more robust numerically w hen the input
coordinates have a very large offset from the
origin.
The Control Point Selection Tool now displays a
single legend window even if multiple instances
of the tool are being displayed.
Supports a simplified, single-input syntax,
in which it uses
stretchlim to compute
contrast-stretch param eters automatically.
No longer flickers while a movie is being
generated.
86
Function Enhancement
medfilt2
Class support has been extended to all numeric
types and it uses a new algorithm for large
window sizes that is significantly faster than
the old one.
ordfilt2
Class support has been extended to all numeric
types and it uses a new algorithm for large
rectangular domains that is significantly faster
than the old one.
regionprops
Uses an improved method for computing the
convex hull of a labeled object, resulting in
more accurate
ConvexImage measurements.
roipoly
Uses a new algorithm that produces more
intuitive results and has better performance.
Users who have code that requires the same
output as the previous version can use the
function
roipolyold.
Version 4.0 (R13+) Image Processing Toolbox™
ConvexHull, Convexity,and
tformfwd and tforminv
Supports additional syntaxes that make these
functionseasiertouseforcommonoperations.
Changes to Sample Images Included
The sample images listed below have been removed from the toolbox.
afmsurf bonemarr enamel ngc4024l rice testpat2
alumgrns circles flowers ngc4024m saturn text
bacteria circlesm ic ngc4024s shot1 tissue1
blood1 debye1 lily pearlite testpat1
The following new sample images are included with the toolbox.
blobs.png peppers.png testpat1.png
circles.png rice.png text.png
87
Image Processing Toolbox™ Release Notes
a
coins.png saturn.png tissue.png
glass.png solarspectra.fts
New ICC Profiles. The toolbox includes sample ICC profiles that can be used
with the colo r space conversion functions.
File Description
lab8.icm
monitor.ic
sRGB.icm
swopcmyk.icm
8-bit profil
m
Typical mon
e
itor profile
profile
CMYK input profile
Major Bug
The Imag
e Process in g Toolbox, Version 4.0, includes the following bug fixes.
Fixes
Function Fix
bwlabel
cpselect
dicomread
imabsdiff, imadd,
imdivide, imlincomb,
imsubtract
No longer produces a segmentation violation
when called with an empty matri x.
• The Control Point Selection Tool no longer
causes MATLAB to hang when inv oked from
within a script or GUI with the
uiwait functions, which wait for users to
input or
complete the selection.
• Point prediction in the Control-Point Selection
Tool no longer fails with the following error
message:
Attempt to reference field on non-structure arr
Now reads DICOM files that contain 1-bit o verlay
data.
Theimagearithmeticfunctionsnolongererror
when called with logical inputs
88
Function Fix
imfill
Now fills hole pixels on the outer edge of an imag e
that are not connected to the background because
a non-default connectivity was specified.
imresize
The anti-aliasing filtering, applied by imresize
when shrinking an image, no longer causes a
narrow strip of dark pixels to appear around the
edge of the image.
label2rgb
Nowusesanewdefaultcolormap. The zero-color
in the previous default colormap was the same as
the last c olor in the colormap, with the result that
the object labeled with the highest number could
not be distinguished from the background.
radon
An off-by-one error in the calculation of the center
pixel location for images with even dimensions
has been fixed.
rgb2ind
No longer errors when passed an input image
that contain only a single color.
strel
The syntax strel('ball', r, h, 0) returns an
empty
structuring element with radius 0.
Version 4.0 (R13+) Image Processing Toolbox™
strel object instead of a degenerate ball
Compatibility Considerations
Obsolete and Deleted Functions
The following functions have been obsoleted or deleted.
Function Status
isrgb
isind
This function has been obsoleted and will issue a warning
when called
This function has been obsoleted and will issue a warning
when called.
89
Image Processing Toolbox™ Release Notes
Function Status
isbw
isgray
This function has been obsoleted and will issue a warning
when called.
This function has been obsoleted and will issue a warning
when called
90
Version 3.2 (R13+) Image Processing Toolbox™
Version 3.2 (R13+) Image Processing Toolbox
This table summarizes what’s new in Version 3.2 (R13+).
New Features and
Changes
Yes
Details belo
w
Version
Compatibility
Consideratio
Yes—Details labeled
as Compatibility
Considerations,
below. See also
Summary.
New featur
• “Writing D
• “Represe
• “Better I
• “Change
Writing
The Ima
and Com
funct
the
di
dicom
es and changes introduced in this version are
nting Binary Images” on page 91
nput Image Type Checking” on page 93
s to Existing Functions” on page 93
DICOM Files
ge Processing Toolbox now supports writing files in Digital Imaging
munications in Medicine (DICOM) format, using the
ion. Previous releases of the toolbox supported re ading DICOM files with
comread
info
function.
ns
ICOM Files” on page 91
function and reading metadata from a DICOM file using the
Fixed Bugs an d
Known Problems
No No
Related
Documentation at
Web Site
dicomwrite
Repr
In pr
them
to s
Wit
the
lo
esenting Binary Images
evious releases, toolbox functions that returned binary images returned
as
uint8 logical arrays. The toolbox used the presence of the logical flag
ignify that the data range in the file was [0,1].
h this release, the toolbox returns binary images as logical arrays, using
new MATLAB
gical
class, see the MATLAB 6.5 Release Notes.
logical data type. For more information about the new
91
Image Processing Toolbox™ Release Notes
Compatibility Considerations
The change in the representation of binary images has the following
compatibility considerations.
Change to Data Type of Output Binary Images. All the Image P rocessing
Toolbox functions that return a binary image now return a binary image of
class
logical. In previous releases, these functions returned binary images of
a numeric class with the logical flag set. The Image P roce ssing Toolbox used
the e xistence of the logical flag to identify a binary image.
If your application checks the data type of the binary images returned by
Image Processing Toolbox functions, you will need to change your code.
Note The logical classisnotoneofthenumericclassesinMATLAB.
Change to Interpretation of Input Images. Image Processing Toolbox
functions that accept different types of images, such as grayscale and binary,
no longer attempt to determine if an input image of a numeric class is
intended to be a binary image.
92
In previous releases, toolbox functions that accepted different types of images
checked the contents of an image to determine how to interpret it. For
example, if an image was of class
double and contained only 0s and 1s, the
toolbox function would interpret it as a binary image. With Version 3.2, the
toolbox only interprets images of class
logical as binary images.
In the Image Processing Toolbox, the names of functions that accept both
grayscale and binary images typically start with the characters
as
imdilate.
"im",such
Converting Binary Im ages to an Integer Data Type. With this release,
if you convert a binary image to a numeric type, the image ceases to be a
binary image.
In previous releases, the Image Processing Toolbox conversion functions
im2uint8 and im2double preserved the binary attribute of the converted
image. For example, if you converted a binary image of class
double,which
Version 3.2 (R13+) Image Processing Toolbox™
had the logical flag set, the output image returned by the im2uint8 function
wouldalsobealogicalimageofclass
uint8, with the logical flag set.
For example, create a simple logical array
bw = logical([1 0; 0 1])
bw =
10
01
whos
Name Size Bytes Class
bw 2x2 4 logical array
When you convert this array to a uint8 data type, notice that it is no longer
of class
logical.
new_image = im2uint8(bw)
new_image =
255 0
0 255
whos
Name Size Bytes Class
bw 2x2 4 logical array
new_image 2x2 4 uint8 array
Better Input Im age Type Checking
The toolbox now performs more error checking of input images, specifically
input classes, attributes and option string processing, with clearer error
messages
Changes to Existing Functions
The Image Processing Toolbox, Version 3.2, includes changes to these existing
functions.
93
Image Processing Toolbox™ Release Notes
Function Description of Change
circshift
freqz2
getnhood
gray2ind
imfill
imlincomb
immovie
imtransform
ordfilt2
roifilt2
Moved into MATLAB
Checks for insignificant real part in addition to
insignificant imaginary part
Returns a logical array
More efficient memory usage
New syntax for grayscale images does not
require
'holes' argument. This option is
selected automatically.
Accepts more than two images as input and you
can specify the output class
Flicker during movie creation eliminated
Linear and bicubic interpolation are faster
Uses a different algorithm for binary images
that improves processing speed for these images
More efficient. Operation is performed only on
the region of interest, not the entire image.
94
Version 3.1 (R12.1) Image Processing Toolbox™
Version 3.1 (R12.1) Image Processing Toolbox
This table summarizes what’s new in Version 3.1 (R12.1).
New Features and
Changes
Yes
Details belo
w
Version
Compatibility
Consideratio
No
New feature
• “deconvbl
• “label2rg
• “Major Bug
ind Added to Deblurring Functions” on page 95
b Added to Toolbox” on page 95
deconvbl
The tool
using th
label2
The too
label m
Major
box n ow includes the
e blind deconvolution algorithm.
rgbAddedtoToolbox
lbox now includes a new utility function,
atrix into an RGB color image.
Bug Fixes
Fixed Bugs an d
Known Problems
ns
Fixed bugs
Details
s a nd changes introduced in this version are
Fixes” on page 95
Related
Documentation at
Web Site
No
ind Added to Deblurring Functions
deconvblind function which deblurs an image
label2rgb,thatconvertsa
cial
• fspe
•
impr
erro
2ind
•
rgb
very large images.
for
• Fun
nsistent manner. When an input arraythatisexpectedtobeabinary
co
age contains
im
— Fixed incorrect normalization for the Gaussian filter option.
ofile
r.
ctions that operate on binary input images now treat
— Fixed an occasional indexing problem caused by round-off
— Fixed a problem that caused r gb2ind to produce bad results
NaNsina
NaN values, the NaN value is always treated as 1.
95
Image Processing Toolbox™ Release Notes
Version 3.0 (R12+) Image Processing Toolbox
This table summarizes what’s new in Version 3.0 (R12+).
New Features and
Changes
Yes
Details belo
w
Version
Compatibility
Consideratio
No No No
New features and changes introduced in this version are
• “Morphology” on page 96
• “Spatial Transformations” on page 98
• “Image Registration” on page 99
• “Integer Image Arithmetic” on page 99
• “Integer Image Filtering” on page 100
• “Deconvolution/Deblurring” on page 100
• “Support for DICOM Files” on page 101
• “Miscellaneous New Functions” on page 101
• “New Demos” on page 102
ns
Fixed Bugs an d
Known Problems
Related
Documentation at
Web Site
Morphology
This release adds a broad suite of new m athematical morphology tools open
up broad new classes of applications in segmentation and image enhancement
96
The existing dilation and erosion operators have been extended to work
with grayscale images. New functions range from additional basic operators
(morphological opening and closing) to advanced tools useful for segmentation
(distance transforms, reconstruction-based operators, and the watershed
transform). The functions use advanced techniques for high performance,
including automatic-structuring element decomposition, 32-bit binary image
packing, and queue-based algorithms.
Loading...