Mathworks FIXED-POINT TOOLBOX RELEASE NOTES

Fixed-Point Toolbox™ Release Notes

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Fixed-Point Toolbox™ Release Notes

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Summary by Version ............................... 1

Contents

Version 3.1 (R2010a) Fixed-Point Toolbox Software

Version 3.0 (R2009b) Fixed-Point Toolbox Software

Version 2.4 (R2009a) Fixed-Point Toolbox Software

Version 2.3 (R2008b) Fixed-Point Toolbox Software

Version 2.2.1 (R2008a+) Fixed-Point Toolbox

Software

Version 2.2 (R2008a) Fixed-Point Toolbox Software

Version 2.1.1 (R2007b+) Fixed-Point Toolbox

Software

Version 2.1 (R2007b) Fixed-Point Toolbox Software

Version 2.0 (R2007a) Fixed-Point Toolbox Software

........................................ 20

........................................ 24

... 4

... 8

... 14

... 18

... 21

... 25

... 28

Version 1.5 (R2006b) Fixed-Point Toolbox Software

Version 1.4 (R2006a) Fixed-Point Toolbox Software

Version 1.3 (R14SP3) Fixed-Point Toolbox Software

Version 1.2 (R14SP2) Fixed-Point Toolbox Software

Version 1.1 (R14SP1) Fixed-Point Toolbox Software

... 31

... 33

.. 40

.. 43

.. 45

iii

Version 1.0 (R14) Fixed-Point Toolbox Software ...... 46

Compatibility Summary for Fixed-Point Toolbox

Software

........................................ 49

iv Contents

SummarybyVersion

This table provides quick access to what’s new in each version. For clarification, see “Using Release Notes” on page 2 .

Fixed-Point Toolbox™ Release Notes

Version (Release)

Latest Versi V3.1 (R2010a

V3.0 (R2009b)

V2.4 (R2009a)

V2.3 (R2

V2.2.1 (R2008a+)

V2.2 (R2008a)

)

008b)

New Features and Changes

Yes Details

No No Bug Reports

Yes Details

Version Compatibilit Consideratio

Yes Summary

No Bug Reports

Fixed Bugs

and Known

Problems

Bug Reports Includes fix

Bug Reports Includes fixes

Bug Repor Include

Includes fixes

sfixes

Related Documentation at Web Site

Printable Release Notes: PDF

Current product documentation

V2.1.1 (R2007b+)

V2.1 (R2007b)

V2.0 (R2007a)

No No Bug Reports

Includes fixes

Yes Details

Yes Summary

Bug Reports Includes fixes

Fixed-Point Toolbox™ Release Notes

Version (Release)

V1.5 (R2006b)

V1.4 (R2006a)

V1.3 (R14SP3)

V1.2 (R14SP2)

V1.1 (R14SP1)

V1.0 (R14)

New Features and Changes

Yes Details

Yes

Version Compatibility Considerations

No Bug Reports

Fixed Bugs and Known Problems

Related Documentation at Web Site

Includes fixes

Yes Summary

Bug Reports Includes fixes

No Bug Reports No

Details

No No Yes

Details

Yes

Not applicable

No bug fixes

Details

Using Release Notes

Use release notes when upgrading to a newer version to learn about:

• New features

• Changes

• Potential impact on your existing files and practices

Review the release notes for other MathWorks™ products required for this product (for example, MATLAB

or Simulink®). Determine if enhancements,

bugs, or compatibility considerations in other products impact you.

If you are upgrading from a software version other than the m ost recent one, review the current release notes and all interim versions. For example, when you upg rade from V1.0 to V1.2, review the release notes for V1.1 and V1.2.

SummarybyVersion

What Is in the Rel

New Features and

• New functional

• Changes to exi

Version Compa

When a new fea versions, th impact.

Compatibil Reports at in incompa compatibi

Fixed Bug

The Math view Bug time and provisi availa is not a

ity issues reported after the product release appear under Bug The MathWorks™ W eb site. Bug fixes can sometimes result tibilities, so review the fixed bugs in Bug Reports for any

lity impact.

sandKnownProblems

Works offers a user-searchable Bug Reports database so you can Reports. The development team updates this database at release as more information becomes available. Bug Reports include

ons for any known workarounds or file replacements. Information is

ble for bugs existing in or fixed in Release 14SP2 or later. Information

vailable for all bugs in earlier releases.

ity

sting functionality

tibility Considerations

ture or change introduces a reported incompatibility between

e Compatibility Considerations subsection explains the

ease Notes

Changes

s Bug Reports using your MathWorks Account.

Acces

Fixed-Point Toolbox™ Release Notes

Version 3.1 (R2010a) Fixed-Point Toolbox Software

This table summarizes what’s new in Version 3.1 (R2010a):

New Features and Changes

Yes Details below

Version Compatibility Considerations

Yes Summary

New features and changes introduced in this version are:

• “New Handle Object for the Global fimath” on page 4

• “New Global fimath Functions” on page 5

• “New NumericTypeScope for Selecting Fixed-Point D ata Types” on page 5

• “New CORDIC Trigonometric Functions” on page 5

• “Fixed-Point Support Added for filter, mean, and median Functions” on

page 5

• “Fixed-Point Support Added for mpower (^) and power (.^) Functions” on

page 6

• “CastBeforeSum Property Hidden on fimath Objects with a SumMode of

FullPrecision” on page 6

Fixed Bugs and Known Problems

Bug Reports Includes fixes

Related Documentation at Web Site

Printable Release Notes: PDF

Current product documentation

• “New and Updated Demos” on page 6

• “Functions Being Removed” on page 7

NewHandleObjectfortheGlobalfimath

You can now configure the global fimath and return a handle object to it using the

globalfimath function. Doing so makes it easier to change the properties

of the global fimath, whether you are working at the MATLAB command line or in a file. See the “Functions BeingRemoved”onpage7releasenotefor information about the function that

globalfimath replaces.

Version 3.1 (R2010a) Fixed-Point Toolbox™ Software

New Global fimath Functions

The following global fimath functions are new in R2010a:

•

removeglobalfimathpref

• resetglobalfimath

• saveglobalfimathpref

For information about the functions they replace, see the “Functions Being Removed” on page 7 release note.

New NumericTypeScope for Se lecting Fixed-Point Data Types

Fixed-Point Toolbox™ software now offers a NumericTypeScope object that can p erform a dynamic range analysis on your data. You can use the results ofthedynamicrangeanalysistohelpyouselectappropriate properties for your data.

numerictype

New CORDIC Trigonometric Functions

Fixed-Point Toolbox software now offers the following CORDIC-based approximation functions:

•

cordiccexp

• cordiccos

• cordicsin

• cordicsincos

These functions allow you to compute the sine, cosine, and complex exponential of fixed-point data using the CORDIC approximation m ethod.

Fixed-Point Support Added for filter, mean, and median Functions

Fixed-Point Toolbox software now provides support for the following functions:

•

filter

Fixed-Point Toolbox™ Release Notes

• mean

• median

Fixed-Point Support Added for mpower (^) and power (.^) Functions

Fixed-Point Toolbox software now provides support for the mpower (^) and

power (.^) functions.

CastBeforeSum Property Hidden on fimath Objects with a SumMode of FullPrecision

The setting of the CastBeforeSum property does not affect full-precision sums, so effective this release, it is hidden for

FullPrecision. In previous releases, you could not generate code with the

Embedded M ATLA B object was set to False, even if you were only computing full- p r ecision sums.

This change ensures that you can always generate code for full-precision sums using

CastBeforeSum property se tting of False no longer causes an error if you

are working with full-precision sums.

fimath objects that have a SumMode of

subset w hen the CastBeforeSum property of a fimath

emlmex, emlc, or the Embedded MATLAB Function block. A

New and Updated Demos

This release adds the Fixed-Point Sine and Cosine Calculation demo. This demo show s you how to compute the sine and cosine of fixed-point data using the new CORDIC-based approximation functions.

Demos w ith significant updates this release include the following:

• Fixed-Point Basics — This demo now highlights the functionality of recently

added features, including the new handle object for the global fimath.

• Fixed-Point Algorithm Development — This demo now uses the

NumericTypeScope object to help select appropriate fixed-point data types.

Version 3.1 (R2010a) Fixed-Point Toolbox™ Software

Functions Being

Function Name

removedefaultfimathpref

resetdefaultfimath

savedefaultfimathpref

setdefaultfimath

What Happens When You Use the Function?

Still runs

Removed

Use This Instead Compatibility

Considerations

removeglobalfimathpref

resetglobalfimath

saveglobalfimathpref

globalfimath

Replace all instances of

removedefaultfimathpref

with

removeglobalfimathpref.

Replace all instances of

resetdefaultfimath with resetglobalfimath.

Replace all instances of

savedefaultfimathpref

with

saveglobalfimathpref.

Replace all instances of

setdefaultfimath with globalfimath.

Fixed-Point Toolbox™ Release Notes

Version 3.0 (R2009b) Fixed-Point Toolbox Software

This table summarizes what’s new in Version 3.0 (R2009b):

New Features and Changes

Yes Details below

Version Compatibility Considerations

Yes Summary

New features and changes introduced in this version are:

• “New Relationship Between fi Objects and a Global fimath Simplifies

Fixed-Point Arithmetic” on page 8

• “New sfi and ufi Constructors for C reating fi O bjects” on page 11

• “New conv Function for Fixed-Point Inputs” on page 12

• “Built-in Integer and Floating-Point Support Added for Bits hift Operations”

on page 12

• “Embedded MATLAB Support for Variable-Size Arrays and Matrices” on

page 12

• “New Compilation Report for Embedded MATLAB Function Blocks” on

page 13

Fixed Bugs and Known Problems

Bug Reports Includes fixes

Related Documentation at Web Site

New Relationship Between fi Objects and a Global fimath Simplifies Fixed-Point Arithmetic

In previous ve rsions of Fixed-Po in t Toolbox software, all fi objects had an attached the it more cumbersome to create

fimath” errors.

fimath object property. The attached fimath object determined how

fi object performed f ix ed-point arithmetic operations. This format made

fi objects, sometimes resulting in “mismatched

In R2009b, the behavior of the longer needs to have its own attached each

fi object having its own set of fimath object properties, you can now

associate fimath” for more information.

fi objects with the global fimath. See “Working with the Global

fi object has been changed. A fi object no

fimath object property. Rather than

Version 3.0 (R2009b) Fixed-Point Toolbox™ Software

When you create a fi object in R2009b without specifying any fimath object properties in the constructor, MATLAB returns a itself with the global fimath. If you change the global fimath, all

fi object that associates

fi objects

that are associated with the global fimath automatically pick up the new

fimath properties.

You can still use the

fimath object for a fi object.

fi object constructor function to specify a particular

In general, fixed-point arithmetic operations use the following rules:

• If either

operation uses that

• If both

fi object in a binary operation has its own fimath object, the

fimath object.

fi objects in a binary operation use the global fimath, the operation

uses the global fimath.

For more information on fix ed-point arithmetic rules, see “fimath Rules for Fixed-Point Arithmetic”.

This feature also includes several new functions:

•

isfimathlocal — Use this function to find out whether a fi object has its

own explicitly attached own

fimath object is instead associated with the global fimath.

sfi, ufi — Use these constructors to create signed and unsigned fi objects

•

fimath object. Any fi object that does not have its

that associate themselves with the global fimath. See “New sfi and ufi Constructors for Creating fi Objects” on page 11 for more information.

•

removedefaultfimathpref — Use this function to remove a

user-configured global fimath from your MATLAB preferences. See “Working with the Global fimath” in the Fixed-Point Toolbox User’s Guide for more information.

Compatibility Consideration

The new relationship between fi objects and the global fimath results in the following incompatibilities:

Fixed-Point Toolbox™ Release Notes

Construction of fi Objects. To create fi objects with Fixed-Point Toolbox software, the properties to use. You can specify these fimath object properties in a fi object constructor. In this case, the constructor uses the RoundMode and

OverflowMode properties you specify to create the fi object.

fi constructor must know which RoundM ode and OverflowMode

The new relationship between

fi objects and the global fimath state

introduces a compatibility consideration. This compatibility issue relates to the construction of specify any

fimath object properties in the fi object constructor. When

you constructed

fi objects from a floating-point value when you do not

fi objects in such a way in R2008b and R2009a, the fi

constructor used the RoundMode and OverflowMode properties of the old default

When you create a results. As of this release, the

RoundMode of nearest and an OverflowMode of saturate. Thus, the setting

of the used to create

You can still create a a so, specify your desired

fimath object.

fi object in this way in R2009b, you may get different

fi constructor creates the fi object using a

RoundMode and OverflowMode properties o f the global fimath are not

fi objects from floating-point values.

fi object from a floating-point value in R2009b with

RoundMode and OverflowMode other than nearest and saturate.Todo

RoundMode and OverflowMode properties in the fi

constructor.

Behavior change for add, mpy and sub Functions. In previous releases, the output of the

fimath object specified in the function call. For example, the syntax c= add(F,a,b)

andassignedthe

fimath object functions add, mpy and sub was assigned the

where F is a fimath object, resulted in a fi object c being created

fimath object F.

In R2009b, the output It no longer gets assigned the

fi object c is always associ ated with the global fimath.

fimath object F.

Specifying fimath Properties in the Embedded MATLAB F unction Block. This release removes the FIMATH for fixed-point input signals

and FIMATH for fi and fimath constructors parameters from the Embedded MATLAB Function Block. You now use the Embedded MATLAB function block fimath radio buttons to set the following:

Version 3.0 (R2009b) Fixed-Point Toolbox™ Software

• The fimath properties to be associated with fixed-point inputs

• The

fimath properties to be associated with all fi and fimath objects

constructed in the block

You can choose one of the following options for the Embedded MATLAB function block fimath parameter:

• Same as MATLAB — When you select this option, the block uses the same

fimath properties as the current global fimath.

• Specify other — When you select this option, you can specify your own

set of

fimath object properties. These properties get associated with all

fixed-point block inputs and all

fi and fimath objects constructed in the

block.

Run a model that had the FIMATH for fi and fimath constructors parameter set to notice different results. This difference occurs because all

Same as MATLAB factory default in R2009b. You may

fi and fimath

objects constructed in the Embedded MATLAB function block now use the Embedded MATLAB function block fimath.

To achieve the same results as previous re leases, set the Embedded MATLAB function block fimath to the MATLAB factory default when you run your model in R2009b. Otherwise, all

fi and fimath objects constructed

within your Embedded MATLAB function blocks may be associated w ith different

fimath object properties.

To inform you of this change in behavior, the block issues a warning at the MATLAB command line. To turn off the warning, run

slupdate on your

model.

New sfi and ufi Constructors for Creating fi Objects

Fixed-Point Toolbox software now supports two new fi object constructor functions:

•

sfi — Construct signed fixed-po int numeric obje ct

ufi — Construct unsigned fixed-point numeric object

•

Fixed-Point Toolbox™ Release Notes

These new constructors simplify the construction of fi objects. You no longer need to specify the signedness and the constructor. A ll automatically a ssociated with the global fimath. They do not have a object of their own. For more information on the global fimath and how it can help you simplify arithmetic with

“New Relationship Between fi Objects and a G lobal fimath Simplifies Fixed-Point Arithmetic” on page 8

New conv Function for Fixed-Point Inputs

Fixed-Point Toolbox software now provides support for the conv function.

Built-in Integer and Floating-Point Support Added for Bitshift Operations

The following Fixed-Point Toolbox functions now support built-in integers:

fimath object properties of the fi object in

fi objects you construct with one of these functions are

fimath

fi objects, see:

•

bitsll

• bitsrl

• reinterpretcast

The following Fixed-Point Toolbox function now supports both built-in integers and floating-point data types:

•

bitsra

Embedded MATLAB Support for Variable-Size Arrays and Matrices

The Embedded MATLAB subset now supports variable-size arrays and matrices with known upper bounds. With this feature, you can define inputs, outputs, and local variables in Embedded MATLAB functions to represent data that varies in size at runtime. You can use variable-size data in:

• Embedded MATLAB Function blocks in Simulink

• Embedded MATLAB functions in Stateflow

charts

Version 3.0 (R2009b) Fixed-Point Toolbox™ Software

• Embedded MATLAB compliant M functions, from which you can generate

MEX code with Workshop

For more information, see “Working with Variable-Size Data” in the Embedded MATLAB User’s Guide.

emlmex and C code with emlc (requires Real-Time

software)

New Compilation Report for Embedded MATLAB Function Blocks

The new compilation report provides compile-time type information for the variables and expressions in your Embedded MATLAB functions. This information helps you find the sources of error messages and understand type propagation issues, particularly for fixed-point data types.

Compatibility Consideration

The new compilation report is not supported by the MATLAB internal browser on Sun™ Solaris™ 64-bit platforms. To view the compilation report, you must have your MATLAB Web preferences configured to use an external browser, for example, Moz illa preferences, see “Web Preferences” in the MATLAB documentation.

Firefox. To learn how to configure your MATLAB Web

Fixed-Point Toolbox™ Release Notes

Version 2.4 (R2009a) Fixed-Point Toolbox Software

This table summarizes what’s new in Version 2.4 (R2009a):

New Features and Changes

Yes Details below

Version Compatibility Considerations

Yes Summary

New features and changes introduced in this version are:

• “Support Added for numerictype Objects with Unspecified Sign” on page 14

• “New Fixed-Point Menu Options in the MATLAB Editor” on page 15

• “New mrdivide and rdivide Functions for Fixed-Point Inputs” on page 15

• “New Compilation Report for emlc and emlmex” on page 15

• “New and Updated D emos” on page 16

• “Complex fi Objects wi t h Nontrivial Slope and Bias Scalin g Are No Longer

Supported” on page 17

Fixed Bugs and Known Problems

NoBug Reports Includes fixes

Related Documentation at Web Site

Support Added for numerictype Objects with Unspecified Sign

AnewSignedness pro perty has been added to the numerictype object. This new

Signedness property allows you to set the Signedness of a numerictype

object to Signed, Unsigned,orAuto. By setting the Signedness property to

Auto, y ou can create numerictype objects that have an unspecified sign.

Although you can create (

Signedness: Auto), all fi objects m ust have a Signednes s of Signed or

Unsigned.Ifyouuseanumerictype object with Signedness: Auto to

construct a creation.

fi object, the Signedness property defaults to Signed at fi object

numerictype objectswithanunspecifiedsign

Version 2.4 (R2009a) Fixed-Point Toolbox™ Software

The toolbox still supports the Signed property of the nume rictype object. For more information about the Properties” in the Fixed-Point Too lbox documentation.

Signedness property, see “numerictype Object

New Fixed-Point Menu Options in the MATLAB Editor

AnewTools > Fixed-Point Toolbox menu option in the M ATLA B Editor allows you to build GUI and insert them directly into your file. F or more information, see the following sections:

• “Constructing fi Objects”

• “Constructing fimath Objects”

• “Constructing numerictype Objects”

fi, fimath,andnumerictype object constructors in a

New mrdivide and rdivide F unctions for Fixed-Point Inputs

Fixed-Point Toolbox software now provides the following fi object functions for division:

•

mrdivide — Forward slash (/) or right-matrix division

rdivide — Right-array division (./)

•

New Compilation Report for emlc and emlmex

A new compilation report is now available for emlc and e mlmex.The new report p rovides compile-time type information for the variables and expressions in your MATLA B code. This information simplifies finding sources of error messages and aids understanding of type propagation rules, particularly for fixed-point data types. To generate the report, y ou must specify the about the compilation report, see the following sections:

• For information about using the report to view fixed-point data types,

see “Working with Fixed-Point Compilation Reports” in the Fixed-Point Toolbox documentation.

-report option after the emlc or emlmex command. To learn more

Fixed-Point Toolbox™ Release Notes

• For m ore information about u sing the report with emlmex,see

“Working with Compilation Reports” in the Embedded MATLAB subset documentation.

• For more information about using the report with

emlc, see “Working with

Compilation Reports” in the Real-Time Workshop documentation.

Compatibility Consideration

The following internal and external browsers do not support the new compilation report:

• MATLAB internal browser (on 64-bit UNIX

platforms only)

• MACI internal browser

• Microsoft Internet Explorer

To view the new compilation report when your internal browser does not support it, y ou must configure your MATLAB Web preferences to use an external browser, for example, Mozilla Firefox. To learn how to configure your MATLAB Web preference s, see “Specifying the System Browser for UNIX Platforms” in the MATLAB documentation.

New and Updated Demos

The Fixed-Point ATAN2 Calculation de mo is new for this release. This new demo uses the CORDIC algorithm and polynomial approximation to perform a fixed-point calculation of the four quadrant inverse tangent. To run this demo, type

fixpt_atan2_demo at the MATLAB command line.

The Fixed-Point Data Type Override, Min/Max Logging, and Scaling demo has been updated for this release. The updated demo uses the

emlmex functionstogeneratecodeanddemonstratestheEmbeddedMATLAB

emlc and

subset’s ability to generate code beyond 32-bits. To run this demo type

fi_datatype_override_demo at the MATLAB command line.

Version 2.4 (R2009a) Fixed-Point Toolbox™ Software

Complex fi Objects with Nontrivial Slope and Bias Scaling Are No Longer Supported

Fixed-Point Toolbox operations that result in the creation of a complex fi object with nontrivial slope and bias scaling are no longer supported. All complex 0 (binary-point scaling).

Compatibility Consideration

In prior releases, Fixed-Point Toolbox software supported complex fi objects with nontrivial slope and bias scaling. As of R2009a, all complex must have an integer power-of-two slope and a bias of 0. Operations that result in th e creation of a will error out.

fi objects must now have an integer power-of-two slope and a bias of

fi objects

fi object with nontrivial slope and bias scaling

Fixed-Point Toolbox™ Release Notes

Version 2.3 (R2008b) Fixed-Point Toolbox Software

This table summarizes what’s new in Version 2.3 (R2008b):

New Features and Changes

Yes Details below

Version Compatibility Considerations

No Bug Reports

New features and changes introduced in this version are:

• “The Default fimath Object is Now User-Configurable” on page 18

• “Embedded MATLAB Subset Support for Data up to 128 Bits” on page 18

• “round and convergent Rounding Mode Support Added to the Embedded

MATLAB Subset” on page 19

• “New reinterpretcast Function” on page 19

• “New sort Function for Fixed-Point Inputs” on pag e 19

Fixed Bugs and Known Problems

Includes fixes

Related Documentation at Web Site

The Default fimath Object is Now User-Configurable

When you create a fi object in MATLAB code or the Embedded MATLAB Function block without providing any call, a default this default assign a different object in every constructor call.

fimath object is assigned to the fi object you create. Previously,

fimath object could not be user-configured, and the only way to

fimath to your fi objects was to specify the desired fimath

fimath attributes in the constructor

In R2008b, the default can be user-configured. For more information, see “Working with the Global fimath” in the Fixed-Point Toolbox User’s Guide.

fimath object used in the fi and fimath constructors

Embedded MATLAB Subset Support for Data up to 128 Bits

The Embedded MATLAB subset now supports fixed-point word lengths up to 128 bits. This includes:

Version 2.3 (R2008b) Fixed-Point Toolbox™ Software

• Acceleration of fixed-point algorithm execution with the emlmex function.

• C code production with the

• Model simulation and C code production with the Embedded MATLAB

Function block.

emlc function.

round and convergent Rounding Mode Support Added to the Embedded MATLAB S ubset

The Embedded MATLAB subset now supports two additional rounding modes:

•

round — Rounds to the closest representable number. In the case of a tie,

the

round method rounds positive numbers to the closest representable

number in the direction of positive infinity, and rounds negative numbers to the closest representable number i n the direction of negative infinit y.

•

convergent — Rounds to the closest representable number. In the case of

atie,

convergent rounds to the nearest even number.

New reinterpretcast Function

Fixed-Point Toolbox software now provides a reinterpretcast function to convert fixed-point data types without changing the underlying data.

New sort Function for Fixed-Point Inputs

Fixed-Point Toolbox software no w provides support for the MATLAB sort function.

Fixed-Point Toolbox™ Release Notes

Version 2.2.1 (R2008a+) Fixed-Point Toolbox Software

This table summarizes what’s new in Version 2 .2.1 (R2008a+)

New Features and Changes

No No Bug Reports

Version Compatibility Considerations

There were no new features or changes in this version.

Fixed Bugs and Known Problems

Includes fixes

Related Documentation at Web Site

Version 2.2 (R2008a) Fixed-Point Toolbox™ Software

Version 2.2 (R2008a) Fixed-Point Toolbox Software

This table summarizes what’s new in Version 2.2 (R2008a):

New Features and Changes

Yes Details below

Version Compatibility Considerations

No Bug Reports

New features and changes introduced in this version are:

• “Enhanced Memory Management” on page 21

• “New Rounding Functions for fi Objects” on page 22

• “New Bitwise Operator bitreplicate” on page 22

• “New Syntax for Bitwise Operator bitconcat” on page 22

• “ndgrid Function Support for Fixed-Point Inputs” on page 23

• “New fi Constructor Syntax” on page 23

Fixed Bugs and Known Problems

Includes fixes

Related Documentation at Web Site

Enhanced Memory Management

The memory management o f the fi object has been improved, and generating large multidimensional arrays should no longer hang the MATLAB environment.

When performing computations with line, the memory usage in bits for the

fi objects from the MATLAB command

fi va riab le a is on the order of

max(64, a.wordlength)*numberofelements(a)

The formula computes the number of bits used to store each element of an array, but does not include the overhead for each instance of the object. Similar to built-in overhead is used to store information about d ata type, other settings that do not depend on the size of the array.

mxArrays, there is additional overhead for each array. This

fimath properties, and

Fixed-Point Toolbox™ Release Notes

If you are concerned with memory usage, try compiling with emlmex or emlc. The compiled code uses the smallest C integer type that contains the word length of the variables. For example, if the compiled code will use approximately 8* The current maximum fixed-point word length in the Embedded MATLAB subset is 32 bits.

New Rou nding Functions for fi Objects

Fixed-Point Toolbox software now provides the followi ng fi object functions:

•

ceil — Round toward positive infinity

convergent — Round toward nearest integer with ties rounding to nearest

•

even integer

•

fix — Round toward zero

floor — Round toward negative infinity

•

nearest — Round toward nearest integer with ties rounding toward

•

positive infinity

fi variable a is 8-bit, then the

numberofelements(a)bitsofmemory.

•

round — Round toward nearest integer with ties rounding to nearest

integer with greater absolute value

These functions are also supported by the Embedded MATLAB subset.

New Bitwise Operator bitreplicate

Fixed-Point Toolbox software now provid es the bitreplicate function to replicate and concatenate the bits of a

bitreplicate is also supported by the Embedded MATLAB subset.

fi object.

New Syntax for Bitwise Operator bitconcat

The Fixed-Point Toolbox function bitconcat has new syntax.

For more information see the

bitconcat reference page.

Version 2.2 (R2008a) Fixed-Point Toolbox™ Software

ndgrid Function Support for Fixed-Point Inputs

Fixed-Point T oolbo x software now provides support for the ndgrid function.

New fi Constructor Syntax

Fixed-Point Toolbox software has added a new syntax for the fi constructor. The syntax syntax

a = fi(V, F, T) is now defined, and is equivalent to the existing

a = fi(V, T, F).

See the

fi function reference page for more information.

Fixed-Point Toolbox™ Release Notes

Version 2.1.1 (R2007b+) Fixed-Point Toolbox Software

This table summarizes what’s new in Version 2 .1.1 (R2007b+)

New Features and Changes

No No Bug Reports

Version Compatibility Considerations

There were no new features or changes in this version.

Fixed Bugs and Known Problems

Includes fixes

Related Documentation at Web Site

Version 2.1 (R2007b) Fixed-Point Toolbox™ Software

Version 2.1 (R2007b) Fixed-Point Toolbox Software

This table summarizes what’s new in Version 2.1 (R2007b):

New Features and Changes

Yes Details below

Version Compatibility Considerations

Yes—Details labeled as Compatibility Considerations, below. See also Summary.

New features and changes introduced in this version are:

• “Support for D ata Type Override” on page 25

• “New Bitwise Operator Functions” on page 25

• “bitgetFunctionUpdated”onpage26

• “abs Function Supports Complex Inputs” on page 26

• “divide Function Updated” on page 27

• “fi Constructor Applies P roperty/ Value Pairs After Numeric Value” on

page 27

Fixed Bugs and Known Problems

Bug Reports Includes fixes

Related Documentation at Web Site

Support for Data Type Override

Fixed-Point Toolbox software now supports data type override in Embedded MATLAB subset. This facilitates fixed-point design and enables a single source for fixed- and floating-point code generation.

New Bitwise O perator Functions

Fixed-Point Toolbox software now provides the following functions:

•

bitandreduce —BitwiseAND of consecutive range of bits

bitconcat — Concatenate bits of two fi objects

•

bitorreduce —BitwiseOR of consecutive range of bits

•

Fixed-Point Toolbox™ Release Notes

• bitrol — Bitwise rotate left

bitror — Bitwise rotate right

•

bitsliceget — Consecutive slice of bits

•

bitsll —Bitshiftleftlogical

•

bitsra — Bit shift right arithmetic

•

bitsrl — Bit shift right logical

•

bitxorreduce — Bitwise exclusive OR of consecutive range of bits

•

getlsb — Least significant bit

•

getmsb — Most significant bit

•

Embedded MATLAB subset also supports these functions.

bitget Function Updated

The b itg et function now behaves as follows:

•

bitget returns a u1,0.

bitget supports variable indexing. This means that the position of the bit

•

to get can be a variable instead of a constant.

• The input

fi object and the position of the bit to get can be vectors or

scalars.

For more information, see the

bitget reference page.

Compatibility Consideration

In prior releases, this function returned a uint8. The function now returns a

u1,0.Togetauint8,usetheuint8 function on the bitget output.

abs Function Suppor ts Complex Inputs

You can now use the abs function to compute the absolute value of a complex

fi object.

For m ore information, see the

abs reference page.

Version 2.1 (R2007b) Fixed-Point Toolbox™ Software

divide Function

The divide funct object.

For more inform

ation, see the

Updated

ion now obeys the

divide reference page.

Compatibility Consideration

In prior rele of the the input output is no

fi Construc Numeric Va

When you ca property construc of the

For more

ases, this function did not obey the

fipref

object. For example, if the input was fi ScaledDouble,but

erictype

num

fi ScaledDouble.

object was fi Fixed, the output was fi Fixed.The

tor Applies Property/Value Pairs After

lue

ll the

fi constructor with both a numeric value and one or more

/value pairs that change the numeric value of the

tor a pplies the property/value pairs after it sets the numeric value

bject.

fi o

information, see the

fi reference page.

Compatibility Consideration

In prio it set t

fi obje

r releases, the

he numeric value. For example, the following code used to produce a

ct with a value of

fi constructor applied the property/value pairs before

DataTypeOverride settings of the fipref

DataTypeOverride settings

fi object, the fi

a = fi(0,1,16,13,'hex','6488')

code now produces a

This

fi object with a value of pi.

Fixed-Point Toolbox™ Release Notes

Version 2.0 (R2007a) Fixed-Point Toolbox Software

This table summarizes what’s new in Version 2.0 (R2007a):

New Features and Changes

Yes Details below

Version Compatibility Considerations

Yes—Details labeled as Compatibility Considerations, below. See also Summary.

New features and changes introduced in this version are

• “Fast Execution for Fixed-Point Algorithms in MATLAB” on page 28

• “New fi Syntaxes that Have fimath as an Argument” on page 29

• “Increased Support for Fixed-Point Toolbox Software Features in the

Embedded MATLAB Subset” on page 29

• “Embedded MATLAB Subset Enhanced to Support N-Dimensional Arrays

and Function Handles” on page 29

• “

get Function Must be Declared Extrinsic in Embedded MATLAB Subset”

on page 30

• “Embedded MATLAB Subset Does Not Support & and | Operators” on

page 30

Fixed Bugs and Known Problems

Bug Reports Includes fixes

Related Documentation at Web Site

• “New Demo” on page 30

Fast Execution for Fixed-Point Algorithms in MATLAB

The new Em bedded MATLAB MEX functionality converts MATLAB code to C-MEX functions. Thes e C-MEX functions contain Embedded MATLAB subset optimizations for automatically accelerating fixed-point algorithms to compiled C code speed in MATLAB. For more information, refer to “Working with Embedded MATLAB MEX” in the Embedded MATLAB subset documentation.

Version 2.0 (R2007a) Fixed-Point Toolbox™ Software

NewfiSyntaxesthatHavefimathasanArgument

The following syntaxes have been added to the fi object:

•

a = fi(v,F)

• a = fi(v,s,F)

• a = fi(v,s,w,F)

• a = fi(v,s,w,f,F)

• a = fi(v,s,w,slope,bias,F)

• a = fi(v,s,w,slopeadjustmentfactor,fixedexp onent,bias,F)

where v is value, s is signedness, w is word length, f is fraction length, and

F is a fimath object. Refer to “Working with fi O bjects” or the fi reference

page for more information.

Increased Support for Fixed-Point Toolbox Software Features in the Embedded MATLAB Subset

The following Fixed-Point Toolbox software features are now supported by the Embedded MATLAB subset:

• Dot notation f or getting the values of

get function for fi and fimath objects

•

diag, permute, tril,andtriu functions

•

For a complete list of the Fixed-Point Toolbox features supported by the Embedded MATLAB subset, refer to “Supported Functions and Limitations of the Fixed-Point Embedded MATLAB Subset”.

fimath properties

Embedded MATLAB Subset Enhanced to Support N-Dimensional Arrays and Function Handles

Embedded MATLAB subset now supports N-dimensional arrays and function handles.

Fixed-Point Toolbox™ Release Notes

get Function Mus

t be Declared Extrinsic in Embedded

MATLAB Subset

There is a change MATLAB subset t

Compatibility Consideration

To get propert first declar do so, your co Functions” i

n the Embedded MATLAB subset documentation.

Embedded MA |Operator

Embedded M

while cond

Compatibility Consideration

In prior short-c || opera

itional statements.

releases, these operators compiled without error, but their

ircuiting behavior was not implemented correctly. Substitute && and

tors instead.

to how you must use the

o call properties of any object other than

ies of non-

get to be an extrinsic function. As of this release, if you do not

de will error. For more information, refer to “Calling MATLAB

fi objectsinEmbeddedMATLABsubset,youmust

TLAB Subset Does Not Support & and

ATLAB subset no longer supports & and | operators in

get function in Embedded

fi obje cts.

if and

New Dem

The “Fi is new funct displ

xed-Point L owpass Filtering U sing Embedded MATLAB MEX” demo

in this release. This demo steps you through generating a C-MEX

ion from MATLAB code, running the generated C-MEX function, and

aying the results.

Version 1.5 (R2006b) Fixed-Point Toolbox™ Software

Version 1.5 (R2006b) Fixed-Point Toolbox Software

This table summarizes what’s new in Version 1.5 (R2006b):

New Features and Changes

Yes Details below

Version Compatibility Considerations

No Bug Reports

New features and changes introduced in this version are

• “Licensing Changes” on page 31

• “Fixed-Point Square Root Support” on page 31

• “Limited Dot Notation Support Added to Fixed-Point Embedded MATLAB

Subset” on page 32

• “get Function Support Added to Fixed-Point Embedded MATLAB Subset”

on page 32

• “New Default Syntax for fi Ob ject” on page 32

Fixed Bugs and Known Problems

Includes fixes

Related Documentation at Web Site

Licensing Changes

You now can use fi objects with the DataType property set to double without a Fixed-Point Toolbox license w hen the to

off. For details about the Fixed-Point Toolbox licensing model, refer to

“Licensing” in the product documentation.

fipref LoggingMode property is set

Fixed-Point Square Root Support

In this release, fixed-point square root support h as been added to

• Fixed-Point Toolbox software, via the

• Embedded MATLAB subset, via support for the Fixed-Point Toolbox

function

• Simulink, via fixed-point support for the

block

sqrt function

sqrt mode of the Math Function

sqrt

Fixed-Point Toolbox™ Release Notes

Theseproductsusethesamebisectionalgorithmtoimplementtheir fixed-point square root functionality and yield identical results.

Limited Dot Notation Support Added to Fixed-Point Embedded MATLAB Subset

Dot notation is now supported in Embedded MATLAB subset for getting the values of or fimath objects, and it is not supported for setting properties.

get Function Support Added to Fixed-Point Embedded MATLAB Subset

The Fixed-Point Toolbox get function is now supported for use with Embedded MATLAB subset with the following limitations:

numerictype object properties. Dot notation is not supported for fi

• Only supported for use with

• The syntax

structure = get(o) is not supported

numerictype objects

New Default Syntax for fi Object

You can now use the syntax fi without any input arguments to return a default

fi object with no value, 16-bit word length, and 15-bit fraction length.

Version 1.4 (R2006a) Fixed-Point Toolbox™ Software

Version 1.4 (R2006a) Fixed-Point Toolbox Software

This table summarizes what’s new in Version 1.4 (R2006a):

New Features and Changes

Yes Details below

Ver sion Compatibility Considerations

Yes—Details labeled as Compatibility Considerations, below. See also Summary.

New features and changes introduced in this version are

• “[Slope Bias] Math Support Added” on page 33

• “Scaled Double Data Type Support Added to the fi Object” on page 34

• “Global DataTypeOverride Property Added to the fipref Object” on page 34

• “Embedded MATLAB Subset Supports More Fixed-Point Toolbox

Functions” on page 35

• “Embedded MATLAB Subset Does Not Support a CastBeforeSum Value of

'false'”onpage35

'round' Value Added to the fimath Object RoundMode Property” on

• “

page 36

• “numerictype Object Syntax Change” on page 36

Fixed Bugs and Known Problems

Bug Reports Includes fixes

Related Documentation at Web Site

• “Minimums an d Maximums Now Logged After Quantization” on page 37

[Slope Bias] M ath Support Added

Arithmetic using the +,-, .*,and* operators is now supported for obje cts with [Slope Bias] scaling. Refer to “[Slope Bias] Arithmetic” in the product documentation for more information.

In support of this feature, the following properties have been added to the

fimath object:

Fixed-Point Toolbox™ Release Notes

• ProductBias — Bias of the product data type

ProductFixedExponent — Fixed exponent of the product data type

•

ProductSlope — Slope of the product data type

•

ProductSlopeAdjustmentFactor — Slope adjustment factor of the product

•

data type

•

SumBias —Biasofthesumdatatype

SumFixedExponent — Fixed exponent of the sum data type

•

SumSlope — Slope of the sum data type

•

SumSlopeAdjustmentFactor — Slope adjustment factor of the sum data

•

type

Refer to “Property Reference” in the product reference documentation for more information.

Scaled Double Data Type Support Added to the fi Object

The fi object now supports the scaled double data type. The value

ScaledDouble has been added to the DataType property of the numeric type

object. The following values have also been added to the DataTypeMode property of the numerictype object:

•

Scaled double: binary point scali ng

• Scaled double: slope and bias scaling

• Scaled double: unspecified scaling

Math operations are supported for fi objects with data type ScaledDouble.

Global DataTypeOverride Property Added to the fipref Object

The f ipre f object now has the property DataTypeOverride,whichallows you to override “Using fipref Objects to Set Data Type Override Preferences” in the product documentation for more information.

fi objects with scaled doubles, singles, or doubles. Refer to

Version 1.4 (R2006a) Fixed-Point Toolbox™ Software

Embedded MATLAB Toolbox Functio

The following Fi MATLAB subset:

•

bitand

• bitcmp

• bitget

• bitor

• bitset

• bitshift

• bitxor

• rescale

Refer to “ MATLAB Su

Supported Functions and Limitations of the Fixed-Point Embedded

Embedde CastBef

You can

0 in Emb

that Em as MAT

no longer set the

edded MATLAB Function blocks. The reason for this restriction is

bedded MATLAB subset does not produce the same numerical results

LAB when

xed-Point Toolbox functions are now supported by Embedded

bset” in the product documentation for more information.

d MATLAB Subset Does Not Support a

oreSum Value of

fimath object property CastBeforeSum to false or

CastBeforeSum is false.

Subset Supports More Fixed-Point

false

Compatibility Considerations

e previous release,

In th

cts in Embedded MATLAB subset If you have existing models that contain

obje

dded MATLAB Function blocks in which

Embe

now get an error when you compile or update your model. To correct this

will

ue, you must set

iss

run the utility

can

lowing comm and at the MATLAB command line:

fol

slupdate ('modelname')

CastBeforeSum was set to false for default fimath

CastBeforeSum is false,you

CastBeforeSum to true. To automate this process, you

slupdate either from the Model Advisor or by typing the

Fixed-Point Toolbox™ Release Notes

where ’modelname’ is the name of the model containing the Embedded MATLAB Function block that generates the error. update this property by sele cting one of these options:

Option Action

slupdate prompts you to

Yes

All Updates all occurrences of CastBeforeSum=false in the model.

Note slupdate de tects CastBeforeSum=false only in default fimath objects defined for Simulink signals in Embedded MATLAB Function blocks. If you modified the update are reported.

Updates the first occurrence of Embedded MATLAB Function blocks in the model and then prompts you for each subsequent instance found in the model.

Does not update any occurrences of the model.

fimath object in an Embedded MATLA B Function block,

CastBeforeSum manually in your model and fix the errors as they

CastBeforeSum=false in

round Value Added to the fimath Object

RoundMode Property

The RoundMode property value round has been added to the fimath obje ct. The behavior of this rounding mode is identical to the MATLAB For more information refer to “RoundMode” in the product documentation.

round function.

numerictypeObjectSyntaxChange

Previously, if you created a numerictype object without specifying a value for the set to creating a example:

FractionLength property, the fraction length would be automatically

15. Now however, if you do not set the FractionLength property when numerictype object, the scaling will remain unspecified. For

T = numerictype(1, 16)

Version 1.4 (R2006a) Fixed-Point Toolbox™ Software

DataTypeMode: Fixed-point: unspecified scaling

Signed: true

WordLength: 16

T.scaling

ans =

Unspecified

T.FractionLength

ans =

Compatibility Considerations

Any instances of this syntax in your existing code will now return a different result.

Minimums and Maximums Now Logged After Quantization

Previously, the fi and quantizer objects logged minimums and maximums before quantization. They now log after quantization.

Compatibility Considerations

If your fixed-point data overflows and you want to log minimums and maximums for the full floating-point range, use the

'TrueDoubles' values of the fipref object DataTypeOverride property.

For example, the following fixed-point variable overflows. The saturated minimum and maximum values are logged:

p = fipref; p.LoggingMode = 'On'; p.DataTypeOverride = 'ForceOff';

'ScaledDoubles' or

Fixed-Point Toolbox™ Release Notes

a = fi(-2:2, true, 16, 15) Warning: 3 overflows occurred in the fi assignment operation.

MaxProductWordLength: 128

-1 -1 0 0.99997 0.99997

DataTypeMode: Fixed-point: binary point scaling

Signed: true

WordLength: 16

FractionLength: 15

RoundMode: nearest

OverflowMode: saturate

ProductMode: FullPrecision

SumMode: FullPrecision

MaxSumWordLength: 128

CastBeforeSum: true

logreport(a)

minlog maxlog lowerbound upperbound noverflows nunderflows

a -1 0.9999695 -1 0.9999695 3 0

Now set DataTypeOverride to 'ScaledDoubles'.Notethatoverflowsare reported, but the data is not quantized. The minimum and maximum logs show the full possible range of the data without quantization:

p = fipref; p.LoggingMode = 'On'; p.DataTypeOverride = 'ScaledDoubles';

b = fi(-2:2, true, 16, 15) Warning: 3 overflows occurred in the fi assignment operation.

-2 -1 0 1 2

Version 1.4 (R2006a) Fixed-Point Toolbox™ Software

DataTypeMode: Scaled double: binary p oint scaling

Signed: true

WordLength: 16

FractionLength: 15

RoundMode: nearest

OverflowMode: saturate

ProductMode: FullPrecision

MaxProductWordLength: 128

SumMode: FullPrecision

MaxSumWordLength: 128

CastBeforeSum: true

logreport(b)

minlog maxlog lowerbound upperbound noverflows nunderflows

b -2 2 -1 0.9999695 3 0

For an in-depth example of using logging and data type override to help set appropriate scalings for fixed-point quantities, see the Fixed-Point Toolbox demo “Fixed-Point Data Type Override, Min/Max Logging, and Scaling”.

Fixed-Point Toolbox™ Release Notes

Version 1.3 (R14SP3) Fixed-Point Toolbox Software

This table summarizes what’s new in Version 1.3 (R14SP3):

New Features and Changes

Yes Details below

Version Compatibility Considerations

Yes—Details labeled as Compatibility Considerations, below. See also Summary.

New features and changes introduced in this version are

• “Fixed-Point Toolbox Function Support Added to Embedded MATLAB

Subset” on page 40

• “Double, Single, and Boolean Data Type Support Added to the fi Object”

on page 41

• “Fixed-Point Doubles Override, Min/Max Lo gg ing, and Scaling Demo” on

page 41

• “Helper Functions Added for Accessing Logged Information” on page 42

• “RoundMode Property Value ’round’ Now Called ’nearest’” on page 42

Fixed Bugs and Known Problems

Bug Reports Includes fixes

Related Documentation at Web Site

Fixed-Point Toolbox Function Support Added to Embedded MATLAB Subset

The Embedded MATLAB Function block lets you compose a MATLAB language function in a Simulink model that generates embeddable code using the Embedded MATLAB subset. W hen you simulate the model or generate code for a target environment, a function in an Embedded MATLAB Function block generates efficient C code. This code m ee ts the strict memory and data type requirements of embedded target environments. In this way, Embedded MATLAB Function blocks bring the power of MATLAB for the embedded environment into Simulink.

Version 1.3 (R14SP3) Fixed-Point Toolbox™ Software

For more information about the Embedded MATLAB Function block and the Embedded MATLAB subset, refer to the following documentation:

• Embedded MATLAB Function block reference page in the Simulink

documentation

• “Using the Embedded MATLAB Function Block” in the Simulink

documentation

• “Working with the E mbedded MATLAB Subset” in the Embedded MATLAB

subset documentation

You can now use a significant number of Fixed-Point Toolbox functions with Embedded MATLAB subset. Refer to “Supported Functions and Limitations of the Fixed-Point Embedded MATLAB Subset” in the Using Fixed-Point Toolbox documentation.

Note To simulate models using fixed-point data types in Simulink, including when using the Embedded MATLAB Function block, you must have a Simulink

Fixed Point™ license.

Double, Single, and B oolean Data Type Support Added to the fi Object

The fi object now supports double, single,andboolean data types. The values

DataTypeMode properties of the numer ictype object. Math operations are

supported for

double, single,andboo lean have been added to the DataType and

fi objects with data type single or double, but not boolean.

Fixed-Point Doubles Override, Min/Max Logging, and Scaling Demo

Since floating-point data types are now supported in Fixed-Point Toolbox software, it is possible to use doubles override and min/max scaling to help you choose the appropriate scalings for fixed-point variables in your algorithms. This is especially helpful when converting a floating-point algorithm to fixed point. A new demo “Fixed-Point Doubles Override, Min/Max Logging, and Scaling” leads you through an example of this process. You can access

Fixed-Point Toolbox™ Release Notes

this demo from the Demos pane of the Help browser under Toolboxes > Fixed-Point.

Helper Functions Added for Accessing Logged Information

In the previous release it became possible to log overflows and underflows as warnings for all assignment, plus, minus, and multiplication operations when the

fipref LoggingMode property is set to on. Now when LoggingMode is on,

you can also use t he following helper functions to return logged information to you at the MATLAB command line:

•

maxlog — Returns the maximum real-world value

minlog — Returns the minimum real-world value

•

noperations — Returns the number of quantized operations

•

noverflows — Returns the number of overflows

•

nunderflows — Retur ns the number of underflows

•

To clear the log, use the function

resetlog.

RoundMode Property Value ’round’ Now Called ’nearest’

The RoundMod e property value round is now nearest. Thisisareflectionof the fact that this rounding mode is identical to the Simulink rounding mode

round toward nearest, and different from the behavior of the MATLAB round function.

Compatibility Considerations

For this release, any code using the RoundMode property value round will still work as it did in previous releases. However, you should update each instance of the property value the property value

round will give a diffe rent answer.

round to nearest because in a later release,

Version 1.2 (R14SP2) Fixed-Point Toolbox™ Software

Version 1.2 (R14SP2) Fixed-Point Toolbox Software

This table summarizes what’s new in Version 1.2 (R14SP2):

New Features and Changes

Yes Details below

Version Compatibility Considerations

No Bug Reports No

New features and changes introduced in this version are

• “Overflow and Underflow Logging” on page 43

• “New Functions” on page 43

Fixed Bugs an d Known Problems

Related Documentation at Web Site

Overflow and Underflow Logging

Fixed-Point Toolbox software now allows you to log overflows and underflows as warnings for all assignment, plus, min us, and multiplication operations. Refer to “Using fipref Objects to Set Logging Preferences” in the Fixed-Point Toolbox documentation for more information.

New Functions

The following functions are new in version 1.2 of Fix ed-Po int Toolbox software:

abs all and any area

bar barh buffer clabel comet

comet3 compass coneplot contour contour3

contourc contourf diag end errorbar

etreeplot ezcontour ezcontourf ezmesh ezplot

ezplot3 ezpolar ezsurf ezsurfc feather

fplot gplot hankel hist histc

intmin ipermute isnumeric isobject line

logical lowerbound mesh meshc meshz

Fixed-Point Toolbox™ Release Notes

not numberofelements or patch pcolor

permute plot3 plotmatrix plotyy polar

pow2 quiver quiver3 rgbplot ribbon

rose scatter scatter3 sdec sign

slice spy stairs stem stem3

streamribbon streamslice streamtube sum surf

surfc surfl surfnorm text toeplitz

treeplot tril trimesh triplot trisurf

triu uplus upperbound voronoi voronoin

waterfall xlim ylim zlim

Version 1.1 (R14SP1) Fixed-Point Toolbox™ Software

Version 1.1 (R14SP1) Fixed-Point Toolbox Software

This table summarizes what’s new in Version 1.1 (R14SP1):

New Features and Changes

No No Yes

Version Compatibility Considerations

The particularly important bug fixes in this version are

Fixed Bugs an d Known Problems

Details below

Bitwise Operators Return Correct Answers for [Slope Bias] Signals

In the previous release, bitwise functions such as bitshift might have given wrong answers for [Slope Bias] fixed-point signals. This has been corrected in this release.

fi Object Operations with an Empty Array Work Properly

In the previous release, a segmentation violation occurred for any operation with the format

aope

Related Documentation at Web Site

where a is a fi object, e is an empty array, and op is any operator such as + ,

-, *, .*, <, >, etc. This has been corrected in this release.

ispropequal Returns Correct Answers for fimath Objects

The ispropequal function has been updated to work properly in this release.

Fixed-Point Toolbox™ Release Notes

Version 1.0 (R14) Fixed-Point Toolbox Software

This table summarizes what’s new in Version 1.0 (R14):

New Features and Changes

Yes Details below

Version Compatibility Considerations

Fixed-Point Toolbox software provides fixed-point data types in MATLAB and enables algorithm development by providing fixed-point arithmetic. The toolbox enables you to create the following types of objects:

•

fi — Defines a fixed-point numeric object in the MATLAB workspace. Each fi object is composed of value data, a fimath object, a nd a numerictype

object

fimath — Governs how overloaded arithmetic operators work with fi

•

objects

fipref — Defines the display attributes for fi objects

•

numerictype — Defines the data type and scaling attributes of fi objects

•

• quantizer — Quantizes data sets

Fixed Bugs an d Known Problems

No bug fixes

Related Documentation at Web Site

Features

Fixed-Point Toolbox software p r ovides you with

• The ability to define fixed-point data types, scaling, and rounding and

overflow methods in the MATLAB workspace

• Bit-true real and complex simulation

• Basic fixed-point arithmetic with binary point-only signa l s

- Arithmetic operators +, -, *, .*

- Division using the divide function

• Arbitrary word length up to

intmax('uint16')

• Relational, logical, and bitwise operators

Version 1.0 (R14) Fixed-Point Toolbox™ Software

• Data visualization via the

• Statistics functions such as

• Conversions between binary, hex, double, and built-in integers

• Interoperability with Simulink, Signal Processing Blockset™ softw are, and

Filter Design Toolbox™ software

• Compatibility with the Simulink To Workspace and From Workspace blocks

plot function

abs, max,andmin

Getting Help

This section tells you how to get help for Fixed-Point Toolbox software in this document and at the MATLAB command line.

Getting Help in the Fixed-Point Toolbox User’s Guide

Fixed-Point Toolbox objects are discussed in the following chapters:

• “Working with fi Objects”

• “Working with fimath Objects”

• “Working with fipref Objects”

• “Working with numerictype Objects”

• “Working with quantizer Objects”

To get in-depth information about the properties of these objects, refer to “Property Reference”.

To get in-depth information about the functions of these objects, refer to Function Reference.

Getting Help at the MATLAB Command Line

To get command-line help for Fixed-Point T oolbox objects, type

help objectname

For example:

Fixed-Point Toolbox™ Release Notes

help fi help fimath help fipref help numerictype help quantizer

To invoke Help Browser documentation for Fixed-Point Toolbox functions from the MATLAB command line, type

doc fixedpoint/functionname

For example:

doc fixedpoint/int doc fixedpoint/add doc fixedpoint/savefipref doc fixedpoint/quantize

Compatibility Summary for Fixed-Point Toolbox™ Software

Compatibility Summary for Fixed-Point Toolbox Software

This table summarizes new features and changes that might cause incompatibilities when you upgrade from an earlier version, or wh en you use files on multiple versions. Details are provided in the description of the new feature or change.

Version (Release) New Features and Changes with

Version Compatib ility Impact

Latest Version V3.1 (R2010a)

V3.0 (R2009b) See the Compatibility

V2.4 (R2009a) See the Compatibility

See the Compatibil ity Considerations subheading for this new feature or change:

• “Functions Being Removed” on

page 7

Considerations subheading for this new feature or change:

• “New Relationship Between

fi Objects and a Global fimath Simplifies Fixed-Point Arithmetic” on page 8

• “New Compilation Report for

Embedded MATLAB Function Blocks” on page 13

Considerations subheading for this new feature or change:

• “New Compilation Report for emlc

and emlmex” on page 15

• “Complex fi Objects with

Nontrivial Slope and Bias Scaling Are No Longer Supported” on page 17

Fixed-Point Toolbox™ Release Notes

Version (Release) New Features and Changes with

Version Compatib ility Impact

V2.3 (R2008b)

V2.2 (R2008a)

V2.1.1 (R2007b+)

None

V2.1 (R2007b) See the Compatibility

Considerations subheading for each of these new features or changes:

• “bitget Function Updated” on

page 26

• “divide Function Updated” on

page 27

• “fi Constructor Applies

Property/Value Pairs After Numeric Value” on page 27

V2.0 (R2007a) See the Compatibility

Considerations subheading for each of these new features or changes:

• “

get Function Must be Declared

Extrinsic in Embedded MATLAB Subset” o n page 30

V1.5 (R2006b)

• “Embedded MATLAB Subset Does

Not Support & and | Operators” on page 30

None

Compatibility Summary for Fixed-Point Toolbox™ Software

Version (Release) New Features and Changes with

Version Compatib ility Impact

V1.4 (R2006a) See the Compatibility

Considerations subheading

for each of these new features or changes:

• “Embedded MATLAB Subset Does

Not Support a CastBeforeSum Value of

'false'”onpage35

• “numerictype O bject Syntax

Change” on page 36

• “Minimums and Maximums Now

Logged After Quantization” on page 37

V1.3 (R14SP3) See the Compatib i l ity

Considerations subheading for this new feature or change:

V1.2 (R14SP2)

V1.1 (R14SP1)

V1.0 (R14)

• “RoundMode Property Value

’round’ Now Called ’neares t’” on page 42

None

Not applicable

Mathworks FIXED-POINT TOOLBOX RELEASE NOTES

Specifications and Main Features

Frequently Asked Questions

User Manual