MAKERFACTORY MAKEVMA501 User guide
MAKEVMA501
DIY STARTER KI T FOR ARDUINO®
USER MANUAL
MAKEVMA501
This device can be used by children aged from 8 years and above, and persons with
reduced physical, sensory or mental capabilities or lack of experience and knowledge if
they have been given supervision or instruction concerning the use of the device in a
safe way and understand the hazards involved. Children shall not play with the device.
Cleaning and user maintenance shall not be made by children without supervision.
Indoor use only.
Keep away from rain, moisture, splashing and dripping liquids.
Familiarise yourself with the functions of the device before actually using it.
All modifications of the device are forbidden for safety reasons. Damage caused by user
modifications to the device is not covered by the warranty.
Only use the device for its intended purpose. Using the device in an unauthorised way
will void the warranty.
Damage caused by disregard of certain guidelines in this manual is not covered by the
warranty and the dealer will not accept responsibility for any ensuing defects or
problems.
The dealers cannot be held responsible for any damage (extraordinary, incidental or
indirect) – of any nature (financial, physical…) arising from the possession, use or
failure of this product.
Due to constant product improvements, the actual product appearance might differ from
the shown images.
Product images are for illustrative purposes only.
Do not switch the device on immediately after it has been exposed to changes in
temperature. Protect the device against damage by leaving it switched off until it has
reached room temperature.
Keep this manual for future reference.
USER MANUAL
1. Introduction
To all residents of the European Union
Important environmental information about this product
This symbol on the device or the package indicates that disposal of the device after its lifecycle could
harm the environment. Do not dispose of the unit (or batteries) as unsorted municipal waste; it should
be taken to a specialized company for recycling. This device should be returned to your distributor or to
a local recycling service. Respect the local environmental rules.
If in doubt, contact your local waste disposal authorities.
Please read the manual thoroughly before bringing this device into service. If the device was damaged in
transit, do not install or use it and contact your dealer.
2. Safety Instructions
3. General Guidelines
4. What is Arduino
Arduino® is an open-source prototyping platform based in easy-to-use hardware and software. Arduino® boards
are able to read inputs – light-on sensor, a finger on a button or a Twitter message – and turn it into an output
– activating of a motor, turning on an LED, publishing something online. You can tell your board what to do by
sending a set of instructions to the microcontroller on the board. To do so, you use the Arduino programming
language (based on Wiring) and the Arduino® software IDE (based on Processing).
Surf to www.arduino.cc and www.arduino.org for more information.
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MAKEVMA501
MAKEVMA100
The MAKEVMA100 (Arduino® Uno compatible) is a microcontroller board based on the ATmega328. It has 14
digital input/output pins (of which 6 can be used as PWM outputs), 6 analogue inputs, a 16 MHz ceramic
resonator, a USB connection, a power jack, an ICSP header and a reset button. It contains everything needed
to support the microcontroller. Connect it to a computer with a USB cable or power it with an AC-to-DC
adapter or battery to get started.
5. Contents
1 x ATmega328 UNO DEVELOPMENT BOARD (MAKEVMA100)
15 x LED (different colors)
8 x 220 Ω resistor (RA220E0)
5 x 1k resistor (RA1K0)
5 x 10k resistor (RA10K0)
1 x 830 hole breadboard
1 x RGB LED module (MAKEVMA318)
4 x 4-pin Key switch
1 x active buzzer (MAKEVMA319)
1 x passive buzzer
1 x 1838 IR infrared 37.9 kHz receiver (MAKEVMA317)
1 x infrared remote control
1 x infrared sensor diode
1 x LM35 temperature sensor (LM35DZ)
2 x ball tilt switch (similar to MERS4 & MERS5)
3 x photosensitive resistor LDR (similar to LDR04)
1 x 74HC595 shift register (HC595)
1 x battery holder for 6 AA batteries (similar to BH363B)
1 x 8*8 LED matrix display
1 x single-digit 7-segment LED display
1 x 4-digit 7-segment LED display
30 x breadboard jumper wire
1 x USB cable
6. The ATmega328
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1
USB interface
6 16 MHz clock
2
reset button
7 Atmel mega328p (DIL)
3
digital I/O
8 7-12 VDC power input
4
Atmel mega16U2
9 power and ground pins
5
ICSP
10
analogue input pins
microcontroller .................................................................................................. ATmega328
operating voltage ....................................................................................................... 5 VDC
input voltage (recommended) ................................................................................ 7-12 VDC
input voltage (limits) ............................................................................................. 6-20 VDC
digital I/O pins ................................................................ 14 (of which 6 provide PWM output)
analogue input pins ........................................................................................................... 6
DC current per I/O pin ............................................................................................... 40 mA
DC current for 3.3 V pin ............................................................................................. 50 mA
flash memory ...................................... 32 kB (ATmega328) of which 0.5 kB used by bootloader
SRAM .................................................................................................... 2 kB (ATmega328)
EEPROM.................................................................................................. 1 kB (ATmega328)
clock speed ............................................................................................................. 16 MHz
dimensions
length .............................................................................................................. 68.6 mm
width ............................................................................................................... 53.4 mm
weight ................................................................................................................... 25 g
Power rails.
7. Operation
7.1 The Breadboard
Breadboards are one of the most fundamental pieces when learning how to build circuits. In this tutorial, we
will introduce you to what breadboards are and how they work.
Let us look at a larger, more typical breadboard. Aside from the horizontal rows, breadboards have what are
called power rails that run vertically along the sides.
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Ravine.
Chips have legs that come out of both sides and fit perfectly over the ravine. Since each leg on the IC is
unique, we do not want both sides to be connected to each other. That is where the separation in the middle of
the board comes in handy. Thus, we can connect components to each side of the IC without interfering with the
functionality of the leg on the opposite side.
7.2 A Blinking LED
Let’s start with a simple experiment. We are going to connect an LED to one of the digital pins rather than
using LED13, which is soldered to the board.
Required Hardware
1 x red M5 LED
1 x 220 Ω resistor
1 x breadboard
jumper wires as needed
Follow the diagram below. We are using digital pin 10, and connecting the LED to a 220 Ω resistor to avoid
high-current damaging the LED.
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Connection
Programming Code
Result
After programming, you will see the LED connected to pin 10 blinking, with an interval of approximately one
second. Congratulations, the experiment is now successfully completed!
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7.3 PWM Gradational LED
PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) is a technique used to encode analogue signal levels into digital ones. A
computer cannot output analogue voltage but only digital voltage values. So, we will be using a high-resolution
counter to encode a specific analogue signal level by modulating the duty cycle of PWM. The PWM signal is also
digitalized because in any given moment, fully on DC power is either 5 V (on) of 0 V (off). The voltage or
current is fed to the analogue load (the device using the power) by repeated pulse sequence being on or off.
Being on, the current is fed to the load; being off, it is not. With the adequate bandwidth, any analogue value
can be encoded using PWM. The output voltage value is calculated via the on and off time.
output voltage = (turn on time/pulse time) * maximum voltage value
PWM has many applications: lamp brightness regulation, motor speed regulation, sound making, etc. The
following are the basic parameters of PWM:
There are six PQM interfaces on Arduino®, namely digital pin, 3, 5, 6, 9, 10 and 11. In this experiment, we will
be using a potentiometer to control the LED brightness.
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Required Hardware
1 x variable resistor
1 x red M5 LED
1 x 220 Ω resistor
1 x breadboard
jumper wires as needed
Connection
Programming Code
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red Vf .............................................................................................................. 1.8 to 2.1 V
green Vf ........................................................................................................... 3.0 to 3.2 V
blue Vf ............................................................................................................. 3.0 to 3.2 V
red colour ........................................................................................................ 620-625 nm
green colour ..................................................................................................... 520-525 nm
blue colour ....................................................................................................... 465-470 nm
red brightness @ 20 mA ................................................................................... 600-800 mcd
green brightness @ 20 mA .............................................................................. 800-1000 mcd
blue brightness @ 20 mA .............................................................................. 1500-2000 mcd
Pin Name
Description
R
red
G
green
B
blue
-
GND
In this code, we are using the analogWrite (PWM interface, analogue value) function. We will read the analogue
value of the potentiometer and assign the value to PWM port, so there will be corresponding change to the
brightness of the LED. One final part will be displaying the analogue value on the screen. You can consider this
as the analogue value reading project adding the PWM analogue value assigning part.
Result
After programming, rotate the potentiometer knob to see changes of the displaying value. Also, note the
obvious change of brightness on the breadboard.
7.4 RGB LED Module
The RGB LED module is a full-colour LED allows for cool lighting effects.
Specifications
Pin Layout
Connection
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