Mahindra JINMA-200, JINMA-254, JINMA-300A, JINMA-304A, JINMA-204 Operation Manual

JINMA SERIES TRACTOR

OPERATION MANUAL

JINMA-200
JINMA-204
JINMA-250

JINMA-254
JINMA-300A
JINMA-304A

MAHINDRA YU EDA

(YANCHENG) TRACTOR CO.,LTD

.

1

Preface

Jinma series wheeled tractors

（、、、、

JM-200 JM-204 JM-250 JM-254 M-

、）

300A JM-304A

are small four wheel tractors of new type , which are developed
according to the increasingly rising demands of dometic and overseas agricultural
machinery for small new wheeled tractors . The tractors have the characteristics of
saving energy , high efficiency , varied purpose ,beautiful appearance . If you buy
them , you wil l get satisfactory economic pro fit from them .

Jinma series wheeled tractors respectively adopt vertical and energy saving

，，

diesel engine of 20 25 30Hp as their power ;th ey employ direct gears transmission
betwee n engine and transmi ssion syst em . Jinma tractor s have m any types for you t o
choose . They not only have single stage clu tch and dual stage clutch types , but also
have two wheel and four wheel driv e types .They also have creeper devic e for you to
choose if you want your tractors to conduct ditching operation . They have perfect
hydraulic suspension system in performance , wide thread driving tyres of good
adhesive force and low pr essure and reli able (crankp in type and circula ting ball type )
but also have hydraulic steering gear , the users can choose either of them . The
products are featured by their favourable power ,relatively hight traction force ,
compact contruction , high transmission efficiency ,easy operation , convenient repair
and maintenance ,economical oil consupmtion ,easy attachment of implements and
good compreshensi ve usage .

In order to help the customers master the Jinma series tractors' operation ,
adjustment and maintenance , and prolong their service life , make the best possible
use of th em and o btain idea l economi c profit ,we compile the operation m anual ,With
regard to the operation and repair and maintenace , Please consult the operation
manuals of th e diesel engines .

With the development of science and technology and varying in requirement of
customers , the tractors are subject to improvements and perfection in their in their
construction s which will be written about in next editions of the manual . Therefore ,
users of tractors are required to pay attention to where the manual differs from the
actual tractors .

2

Precautions

1. Drivers should read the operation manual carefully and be familiar with the
performance, operation and maintenance of the tractor. Otherwise we will not be
responsible for any qua li t y problems ca used by improper ope r ation.

2. Never fill the fuel tank with unfiltered or un-precipit a ted fuel.

3. New tractors must undergo running according to the regulat ions befo re they are
put into use.

4. It is prohibited to turn sharply with one-side braking while tractor runs at high
speed in or de r to avoid overturning or parts damage.

5. Bolts or nuts of wheel disc and of other important parts should be checked
regularly and be tighten ed if they are loos e.

6. During transferring the tractor with a mounted implement, it is not allowed to
drive the tractor at high speed in order to avoid damaging hyd raulic lift system and
suspension system.

℃

7. After opera tion at the area of below 0 in winter, the water sh ould be dra ined
out at idle speed in order not to freeze and damage the tractor parts (not including anti­icing fluid).

1

CONTENTS

……………………………………………………………………………………………

Prefac e (1)

………………………………………………………………………………………

Precautions (2)

Ⅰ ………………………………………………………………

Chapt er Main Specifications (1)

Ⅱ ……………………………………………………………

Chapter Oper ating the T ra cto r (5)

…………………………………………………………………

1.Fuel and lubric ating oi l (5)

……………………………………………………………………………………

2.Water (6)

……………………………………………………………

3.Ru nning-in of unused tractor (6)

………………………………………………………………

4.Co ntro ls an d ins trum en ts (8)

…………………………………………………

5.Control and operation of the tractor (10)

………………………………………

6.Con tro l and op erat ion of the w orkin g dev ice s (14)

……………………………………………………

7.Use of t he e lectri cal e quip ment (16)

Ⅲ …………………………………………

Chapter Technical Main te na nc e of the T ra ctor (19)

………………………………………………………………………

1.Shift ma intenance (19)

………………………………………………………………

2.First class maintenance (19)

………………………………………………………………

3.Second class maintenance (20)

………………………………………………………………

4.Thir d class m ain te nance (20)

………………………………………………………………

5.Fourth class maintenance (20)

…………………………………………………………………

6.Maintenance in winter (21)

………………………………………………

7.Maintenance for storage of a long time (21)

Ⅳ ……………………………………………………………

Chap ter Adjustment of Tractor (22)

……………………………………………………………………

1.Ad justment of clutch (22)

………………………………………………………………

2.Ad justment of m ain drive (24)

………………………………………………………

3.Adjust me nt of d ifferential lock (27)

……………………………………………………………………

4.Adjustment of brake (28)

………………………………………………………………

5.Adjustment of front axle (30)

…………………………………………………………

6.Ad justment of front drive axle (31)

……………………………………………………………

7.Adjust me nt of w h eel tre ad (33)

………………………………………………………

8.Adjust ment of steering gear (34)

……………………………

9.Construction and adjustment of hydraulic hitch system (39)

…………………………………

10.Use and ad ju stme nt of ai r br ake d evi ce of tra il er (46)

Ⅴ ……………………………

Chapter Main Troubles of Tractors and Trouble Shooting (49)

…………………………………………………………………………………

1.Engine (49)

…………………………………………………………………

2.Tran sm is sion sy ste m (51)

2

…………………………………………………………………………………

3.Brake (52)

……………………………………………………

4.Steering gear and walking system (53)

……………………………………………………………

5.Hydraulic hitch system (54)

……………………………………………………………………

6.Electrical system (55)

……………………………………………………………………

7.Electrical system (56)

Ⅵ …………………………………………………………………………

Chapter Appendix (59)

………………………………………………

1.Wiring diagram of the electrical system (59)

……………………………………………………

2.Accessaries for customers to order (59)

3.Dis tribution diagram of rolling bearing

………………………………………

and transmission system of JM series tractors (61)

…………

4.Specifications and distributions of oil seals in JM series tractor's chassis (63)

……………………………………………………………………

5.Sizes of hitch system (65)

…………………………………………

6.OECD approval No. of JM series tractors (67)

Ⅰ

Chapter Main Specifications

Model JM-200 JM-204 JM-250 JM-254 JM300A JM304A

Type ×42wheeled ×44wheeled ×42wheeled ×44wheeled ×42wheeled ×44wheeled

Overall

dimen-sions

(mm)

Length

Width(without ballast)

Heitht(to steering wheel)

3080

1250/1410

1910

3080

1250/1410

1910

3080

1280/1440

1930

3080

1280/1440

1930

3200

1280/1440

1930

3200

1280/1440

1930

Wheel base (mm) 1465 1510/1560 1587.5 1588

Wheel tread

(mm)

Front wheel

Rear wheel

1070 -1270

1040-1200

950 / 1050

1040-1200

1070 -1270

1040-1200

950 / 1050

1040-1200

1070 -1270

1040-1200

1050

1040-1200

Ground clearance (mm) 330 275 340 340

Turning radius

(m)

With one-side braking

without braking

±2.4 0.2
±2.8 0.2

±2.8 0.2
±3.0 0.2

±2.75 0.2

±3.0 0.2

±2.8 0.2
±3.0 0.2

±2.75 0.2

±3.0 0.2

±2.8 0.2
±3.0 0.2

Weight

(kg)

Construcional weight

Min.working weight

1040
1160

1140
1270

1040
1060

1140
1270

1170
1290

1270
1400

（）

Rated traction force N 4000 4800 5200 5980 5200 5980

（）Normal speed km/h six six six six eight eight

：Forward 1 st

2nd
3rd
4th
5th
6th
7th

　　　　　　 8th

：Reverse 1st

2nd

1.99 0.37

3.94 0.73

6.57 1.22

9.21 1.72

18.2 3.39

30.36 5.66

1.58 0.29

7.3 1.36

1.68 0.31

3.31 0.62

5.52 1.03

7.75 1.45

15.3 2.85

25.5 4.76

1.33 0.29

6.15 1.15

2.06 0.38

4.07 0.76

6.79 1.27

9.52 1.78

18.8 3.51

31.4 5.85

1.63 0.30

7.55 1.41

1.73 0.32

3.42 0.64

5.71 1.06

8.01 1.49

15.8 2.59

26.4 4.92

1.37 0.26

6.35 1.18

2.12

3.24

5.08

7.00

9.82

14.97

23.49

32.38

2.79

13.52

1.77

2.69

4.23

5.83

8.18

12.46

19.56

26.96

2.32

11.25

Engine

Model LL380 LL380 KM385 KM385 ZN390T ZN390T

Type 3 cylinder ,vertical ,water - cooled , 4-stroke

1

Model JM-200 JM-204 JM-250 JM-254 JM300A JM304A

Engine

12-hour power(kW)/rated speed r.p.m 14.7 14.7 18.4 18.4 22.1 22.1

×Bore Stroke(mm) ×80 90 ×80 90 ×85 90 ×85 90 ×90 95 ×90 95

Fuel consumption (g/kw·h) ≤ 245 ≤ 245 ≤ 245 ≤ 245 ≤ 255 ≤ 255

Oil consumption (g /kw·h) ≤ 2.0 ≤ 2.0 ≤ 2.0 ≤ 2.0 ≤ 2.72 ≤ 2.72

Net weight (kg) 250 250 250 250 230 230

Transmission

Clutch Single disc,dry-friction constant mesh OR Dual stage ,gear operation

Gear box （＋）× （ ）×Supr gear 3 1 2 compound , or supr gear 4+1 2compound Creeper can b chosen

Intermediate drive ×1 2 spiral bevel gear

Differential Closed with 2 planetary bevel gears

Diffierential lock Claw type

Final drive Internally meshed single spur cylindrical gear

Walk
and
operatin
g system

Frame type Frameless rigid connection

Front axle type

inverted U pipe

balancing arm

side bevel gear

drive

inverted U pipe

balancing arm

side bevel gear

drive

inverted U pipe

balancing arm

side bevel
gear drive

Pendulum angle of front axle °12 °8 °12 °8 °12 °8

Tyres

Front wheel
Rear wheel

4.00-16

8.3-24

6.00-12

8.3-24

5.00-15

9.5-24

6.00-16

9.5-24

5.00-15

9.5-24

6.00-16

9.5-24

Tire infation

（pressure kPa)

：Front wheel

：Rear wheel
（）in field
（）transport atio n

200-250

100-120
120-140

180-200

100-120
120-140

200-250

100-120
120-140

180-200

100-120
120-140

200-250

100-120
120-140

180-200

100-120
120-140

Steering gear

sphere worm steering

Hydraulic steering gear may be chosen for all models

Brake Foot - controlled shoes type Disc type

2

Model JM-200 JM-204 JM-250 JM-254 JM300A JM304A

Hydraulic

systems

Type Half remote

Hydraulic pu mp

CBN-E306
gear pump

CBN-E306 / 314

gear pump

CBN-E306
gear pump

CBN-E306 / 314

gear pump

CBN-E310

gear pump

CBN-E310
gear pump

Hydraulic cylinder

×Horizontal single− acting type63 100(mm)

Distributor Slide valve regulating type

Safety valve Direct-acting type

×Rated lifting capacity (N mm) ×3600 610 ×3900 610 ×4200 610 ×4200 610 ×5000 610 ×5000 610

Safety valve release pressure(MPa) ～＋16 ( 0 1.6 )

Suspension

mechanism

Connection type of implements rear mounted - point hitch category 0 Ⅰrear mounted - point hitch category

Upper link-hole diameter(mm)

×φ19.5 44

Lower link-hole diameter(mm)

×φ22.5 35

Traction

device

Traction ground clearance(mm) 470 495

Traction pin diameter(mm) Φ20

Power-take-

off

Rear P.T.O shaft ，Nonindepender 540r/min or semi-independent 540r/min dual speed(540r/min ,1000r/min)can be chosen

Electrical

equipments

and gauges

System 12V ,negative pole connected with iron , single phase circuit

Starter 、12V 2.5kW or 3.0kW

Generator 14V 350W

Battery 6-Q(A)-80,80A·h

3

Model JM-200 JM-204 JM-250 JM-254 JM300A JM304A

Electrical

equipments

and gauges

Ammeter ＋（） -30~0~ 30 A

Oil pressure gauge （）12V 0~0.5 MPa

Water temperature gauge ℃ 12V (40~100)

pressure gauge 0~1.0 MPa

Head lamp ND118-80T , 20/8W 12V

Rear light WD115-2 , 20/8W.12V

Direction light FT12 , 8W.12V

Electric horn DL87-12

Main filling

capacity (L)

Fuel tank 19 19 19 19 24 24

Engin e oil sump 5

Front drive axle ─ 4.5 / 6 ── 6 ── 6

Transmission box 11 14 11 14 11 14

Lifter 9 14

Steering gear 0.4

Cooling water 10 or 12

4

5

Ⅱ

Chapter Operating the Tractor

1.Fuel and lub r icating oil

1) For fuel and lubricating oil for the tractor see Table 2-1.
Table 2-1 Fuel and lubricating oil for the tractor

2) Cautions for filling fuel

Using clear diesel fuel is an important factor to prevent troubles in engine and

prolong the engine's service life. The followings should be observed during filling fuel:

A. Fuel mus t be deposited for over 48 h ours before fuel tank is fill ed with it. Fu el at

the bottom should not be poured into the fuel tank.

B. Filter fuel when filling fuel tank with it.
C. Fuel filling devices must be kept clean.
D. Fuel tank and f uel filte r should be cleaned regularly, and deposited fuel should be

dra ined out.

Component Season and ambient temperature Oil specificatio n

Fuel tank

Summer (ambient temp. above10

℃ )

No.0, -10 light diesel fuel

GB252-87

℃Winter (ambient temp. below10 )

No. -20 light diesel fuel

GB252-87

Engine sump
Lifter
Oil pa n of air cleaner
Injection pump
Hydraulic steering gear

℃Ambient temp. below 0

No. 20 diesel engine oil

GB5323-85

℃Ambient temp. at 0-25

No. 30 diesel engine oil

GB5323-85

℃Ambient temp. above 25

No. 40 diesel engine oil

GB5323-85

Transmission box
Transfe r c ase Front drive
axle Mechanical steering
gear

Summer (ambient temp. above10

℃ )

No. 40 diesel engine oil

GB5323-85

℃Winter (ambient temp. below10 )

No. 30 diesel engine oil

GB5323-85

Grease nipple Without consideration of season

No. ZFG2 calcium base

compound grease

ZBE 36003-88

Bearin g 60203Gen erator
and starter

Without consideration of season

No. ZFG2 com p ou nd

calcium base grease ZBE

36003-88

6

2.Water

1)Radiator should be filled with clean soft water so as to eliminate scale in the engine
cooling
syst em whic h wil l re duc e coo lin g effi cie ncy. On ly aft er b eing soft ene d can hard water su ch a s
well water, spring water, etc. be used. Method for softening hard water is as the follows:

A. Boil hard water, then deposit for some time and filter.
B. Put 1.5g of caustic soda into one lit of hard water. When operating the tractor in cold

weather, add cooling water with f re ez e - p ro of li q ui d.

3. Runn ing-in of unuse d tractor

The unused or overhauled tractor can not be put into operation unless it has undergone

running-in. Otherwise its performance will be affected and service life wi ll be shortened.

1)Prep arations before running-i n
A.Clean the outside of the engine.
B.Inspect outside bolts and nuts, and tighten them if necessary.
C.Check the lubricating oil level, and refill to stipulated level if insufficient.
D.Inject grease into lubricating points.
E.Fill with fuel and cooling water
F.Check toe-in (4-10mm) and tire inflation pressure, readjust or reinflate if necessary.
G.Inspect the connections of battery and wires of electrical system.

2)Idle running-in of the engine

After t he engine is started i n accorda nce with specified steps, list en carefu lly and make
sure whether there is abnormal sound, check for leakage of water, air, oil and the readings of
the gauges. When it is made sure that the engine is in normal working condition, the next step
of runn ing-in can be proceeded.

The unlo aded ru nnin g- in l asts 1 5 min ut es, the first 7 minu te s with m inim um th ro ttl e, then

medium throttle for other 5 minutes and then lasts 3 minutes with full throttle.

3)Unloaded and loaded running-in of the tractor
The running-in of the tractor should be done at rated engine speed. The order and time of
running-in should be done according to the standard in Table 2-2.

7

Table 2-2 Ru nning-in standa rd of the tractor

Matters needing att ention during running-in process:
A.Chec k on whether the engine runs normally.
B.Check on whether the adjustment of the clutch is normal and the disengagement is

complete.

C. Check on whether the gear shift of the gearbox (including front drive handle,
creeper) is light a nd flexible , and th ere is any a ut om atic gea r d isengag em ent and gear- shiftin g
lock.

D.Check on the function or reliability of the brake.

E.Check on whether the steering gear is flex ible.

F.Chec k on whether the gauges and elect rical equipments are normal and reliable.

During the running-in process, if any abnormal phenomena or failures appear, the
cause should be found out and corrected, then the running-in can be carried on.

After the running-in is completed, the tractor must be undergone the following
maintenance before being put into operation:

A. After the tractor has been stopped, drain out the lubricating oil in the engine sump
while i t is still war m. Wash the sump and oi l filter with diesel fuel . After the di esel fuel has
bee n out, refi ll the sump with new lubricating oil to sp ecified leve l.

B. Drain out the lubricating oil in the transmission box, hydraulic system and front
drive ax le while it is still warm. Th en fill th em with di esel fu el of pro per quan tity an d run the
tractor in 2nd forward and 1st reverse gears for 2-5 minutes for cleaning. As soon as the
tract or is stop ped, dr ain out th e diesel f uel imm ediately and then refil l new lubr icating oil to
specified level.

C.Clean fuel filt er (including filter cartridge in fuel t ank) and air cleane r.

D.Drain out cooling water, clean the cooling system of engine with clean water.

E.Check on and adjust the f ree travel of clutch pedal, the travel of brake pedal and the

Running-

in type

Load

Running-in hours per gear Total Sum

1st 2nd 3rd 4th 5th 6th R1st R2nd

Unlo aded Tract or only 1 1 1 1 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 6

Loaded

With trailer

loadedwith 1.2T

goods onhighway

transporta- tion

124422 15

31

Fitted with plough at

plough depth about

13.3 cm in lig ht so il

1243 10

8

working condition of the brake.

F.Check on and tighte n the nuts and bolts on all connection positions.
G.Check on injector and valve clearance, adjust them if necessary.
H.Check on working c onditions of el ectrical syst em.
I.Check on and adjust the toe-in of front wheel.
J.Inject grease into each lubricating point.

4. Controls and instr uments

In ord er to opera te the trac tor correct ly, it is nec essary t o familiar ize the func tion of

all controls and instruments as well as their positions on the tractor (Fig.2-1).

1) Auxiliary gear shifting lever: To control the auxiliary speed gear. (Fig.2-2).

2) Main gear shifting leve r: To cont rol the main spee d ge ar. (Fig.2- 2).

3) Ge ar shiftin g pattern p late: It i s located o n the top of gearbo x cover to show the

positions of gear shifting lever.

4) Con trol le ver o f fr ont d rive a xle: Enga ge o r cut off the p ower of fro nt dr ive axle to

achieve 4-wheel drive or 2-wheel drive.

5) Steerin g wheel: It con t r ol s the di rec tio n of tractor runn in g.

6) Clutch pedal: Depress the peda l, then the clutc h is di sengaged.

7) De com pres si ng le ve r: Redu ce t he pres su re i n t he c ylin d ers t o ma ke the en gine st art

easier.

8) Extinguishing lever (Fuel cut-off rod): To make the engine stop.

9) Single-position switch: Pull the switch out, the rear work light is turned on and

push the switch in, it is turned off.

10) Turning signal switch: Turning the switch to the left or right, the left or right

turning signal light will flash to show in the left or right turning.

11) Horn butto n: Press the butt on to sound the hor n, and it will send out alarm signal s.

12) Ammeter: It indicates the current intensity of battery while being charged or
discharged. If t he p ointer de fle cts to " + " side, it m e an s that the b at ter y is being charg ed ; if to
"-" side, it is being discharged.

13) Water temperature gauge: Indicates the water temperature of the engine cooling
system.

14) Tachometer :It irdicates the speed and accumulated working time of the engine.

Air pressure meter : It indicates the air pressure of the brake system(fror 2WD).

15) Oil p ressure gau ge: It indi cates the oil pressu re in main oil lines of th e engine , the
normal oil pressure is 2- 4 kgf/cm

2

(0.2-0.4MPa).

16) Fuel gauge: It indicates the fuel level of the fuel tank.

9

Fig.2-1 Controls and Instruments

10

17) Two-position switch: Pull the switch to the first position, the headlights (lower
beam) will be lighted, to the second position, the full-beam of the headlights will be lightened.

18) Starting switch: It has two functions: one is for switching on or off the circuit
current and the other is as electrical starting switch.

19) Hand th rottle: Pull the h and throt tle backward, the fuel flow will increase whil e
push it forward, fuel flow will decrease.

20) Creeper shift ing lever: To exchange the normal sp eed and creeper speed.

21) Left and right brake pedals: Turn the braking lock plate right to make left and
right pedals connect with each other and brake at the same time; while separating the
braking lock plate can achieve left or right one-side brake, then one-side brake and turn can
be made.

22) Foot throttle peda l: Depress th e pedal down, the fuel flow w ill increase ; loosen it,
the fuel flow will decrease.

23) Pa rking brake lock pawl: Put the b rake lock pawl on the le ft brake pedal into the
teeth of the brake teeth pla te at the right side of transmission box to keep the brake for a long
period.

24) P.T.O contr ol lever: En gage or dise ngage P.T.O power.

25) Differential lock lever: Used to move right claw to make differential lock
disen gaged or engaged so that the two driving wheels have different speeds or not.

26) Hydr aul ic cont rol lever: When th e lev er is pu shed or pu lled backwa rd, fo rwar d or
into vertical position respectively, the hitch is lifted, lowered or in neutral position.

5. Control and ope ration of the tractor

1) Starting engine

Before starting the en gine, ch eck fuel, lu bricating oil and coo ling water. Check and make
sure ev ery co mpone nt an d electri cal syste m work corre ctly, d rain out th e air in the fu el lines ,
put gear shifting lever in neutral position. If the hydrauli c system is installed on the tractor,
caution: check whether enough hydr aulic oil is filled in the lifter housing.

After the prestarting preparation, start the engine.

A.Set to decompress and rotate the engine crankshaft several turns with the hand
starting handle, check and make sure all moving parts work correctly, and pump oil to
surfac es of mo vi ng par ts.

B. When starting the engine with the hand starting handle, set the hand throttle to full
open position, put the decompression lever to the decompression position, accelerate the
crank ing, the e ngine w ill be st arted along wi th the d ecompres sion lev er ret urn aut omatica lly
to original position.

11

C. When switch starting, set the decompression lever to decompression position too.

Turn the

startin g switch clo ckwise to "start" p osition, thus the e ngine is d riven by starter, th e starter
must n ot b e operat ed more than 5-10 sec. for ea c h start. On l y af t er a n interv al o f no t l e ss than
2 minutes can the engine be started again.

D. When switch starting is s uccessf ul, turn the sta rting switch countercl ockwise to th e

charging position of battery.

E. It is not necessary to decompress the engine while switch start ing in summer. Filling
the ra diato r w ith hot w a ter or th e oi l sump with h ea ted e ng in e o i l ca n b e us ed a s s tar tin g aids
in winter.

2) Starting the tractor

After the en g i ne i s star te d , run it at mo de rate s p eed for 5 - 10 min utes for war m -up itself, a f te r

℃

thewater temperature reaches above 70 , tractor can be started according to following
steps:

12

A.Lift the implement.
B.Dep ress t he clut ch peda l, pu t t he ge ar sh ift ing l ever i nt o the desi red low er ge ar, rele as e

the parking brake lock pawl of the brake pedal.

C.Observe the environment to confirm that there are no obstructions on the road and

sound the horn to call atte ntion to the people.

D. Incr ease the engine sp eed gradu ally and si multaneo usly rele ase clut ch pedal s o as to

make the tractor start off smoothly

.

3) Operating the tractor

A.During operation make sure that readings on gauges are normal.
B.It is prohibited for oper ator to place his foot on clutch pedal so as to protect clutc h from

beingdamaged because of semi-engaged condition of clutch.

C. In transportation or running on highway, lock the left and the right brake pedals

together with brake lock plate.

D. In field operation, one-side braking can be used to reduce turning radius, but it is
prohibited to use one-side braking for sharp turning when the tractor is running at high
speed or is used for transportation on highway, so as to prevent overturning and protect
comp onents from being damaged.

E. Proper speed should be selected to get best productivity. Table 2-3 shows the speeds

for various operations.

Table 2-3 Speeds for different operations

Operation Gear

Creeper Ditching

L1st Rotary cultivation
L2nd Rotary cultivation, transportation
L3rd Ploughing, harrowing, drilling

H1st Ploughing, harrowing, drilling
H2nd Transportation
H3rd Transportation

R1st To attach implemen ts
R2nd To attach implements

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4) Stopping the tractor

A. Throttle the engine down to lower the speed of the tractor.
B. Depress the clutch pedal quickly and shift the gear-shif ting lever to neutral position.
C. Release the clutch pedal and let engine run idle.
D. Depress the brake pedals to stop the tractor, th en lock the pe dals with the lock pawl.

Note:

In case the tractor has to be stopped suddenly, clutch pedals and brake p edals

should bedepressed s imultaneously. It is pro hibited to depress th e brake pedals only, whi ch
will damage the parts.

E. If the tractor is to be parked for quite a while, the engine should be stopped. After the
engine has been u nloaded, it should run at l ow speed for som e time un til the cooling wate r
temperature drops to

℃

70 or lower, then pull out fuel cut-off rod to bring the engine to a st op.

Note:

It is prohibited to stop the engine at once when its temperature is very high, or to

stop the en gin e wi th decompress ion mecha nism.

F.Turn the preheating/starting switch to "O" and pull out the key. If the tractor is going

to be stored, turn off the fuel tank cock.

℃

G.If the tractor is stopped when the ambient temperature is below 0 , screw of the
radiator cap and turn on the water-drain cock on the bottom of the radiator and on the
cyli nder bl ock t o drain out wa ter a t idle en gine speed s o as to prote ct the b ody an d radi ator
from being froze n (n ot inc luding ad ding anti -icing fluid).

5) Safety regulat ions for operati on

Safety regulations are very important for protecting drivers and tractors from hazard.

They should be obser ved strictly in operation .

A. Inspect carefu lly th e work in g cond iti o n of the engine and ma in compon ents, an d listen
to whether there is abnormal sound or noise. Especially observe the technical state of clutch
and brake. Check and tighten the bolts and nuts on main components of the tractor.

B. Make sure that there is no people or obstacle around the tractor and press horn
button beforestarting off the tractor.

C. Don 't go up a nd do wn t he tra ctor duri ng ru nnin g. Never m ake check or re pair un der
the tractor wh ile the en gin e is still running.

D. Before the tractor goes up or down a slope, proper speed should be selected and don't
coast, turn sharply or shift gears while driving down a slope.

E. In transportation, left and right brake pedals must be locked together. One-side
brakin g can not be used for sharp turning when the tractor is running at high speed or with
full load.

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F. If front en d o f th e tr actor rises up in operat ion , th ro ttl e d ow n the e ng in e, d ise ngag e th e
clutch and reduce the load to protect the tractor from longitudinal overturning.

G. If the engine runs away, immediately pull out the fuel cut-off rod, move
decompression lever to "decompressing" position or plug up fresh air into the engine instead
of disengage clutch .

H.Ligh t ening equipment must work well during operat ion at night.
I.Co ntrol le ver sho uld b e placed in the ne utra l posit ion whe n the fo ur-whe el driv e trac tor

is running idle or being used for transportation.

6. Control and operation of the working devices

1)Control and operation of PTO

PTO can be engaged and disengaged by means of operating the PTO control lever on the

right side of the transmissi on box.

The speed of PTO is 540 rpm or 540 rpm and 1000rpm. When push down (from front and
upper side) the control lever, PTO is engaged; while pull upper the control lever, PTO is
disengaged. The operation steps are as follows:

A. Remov e the PTO sa fet y shield an d draw bar, coup le th e desir ed driven ma chin e to th e

PTO shaft.

B. Put the gear shifting lever at the neutral position.
C.Depress the clutch pedal fully, then shift the PTO control lever to the "engaged"

position.

D.Release the clutch pedal slowly and the driven machine will run. First let the driven
machine run at slightly open throttle for a while to ensure that nothing is wrong with the
driven machine. Then make the throttle wide open and put the driven machine into operat ion.
Note: Wh en the tracto r with implemen t travels fo r a long distanc e, should shif t the contro l
lever to neutral position to cut off the power so as to avoid damaging the implement and
causin g body acci de nt.

2)Control and operation of hy draulic hitch sy stem

Hydraul ic hitch sy stem serves to attach, lift and lower implement, as wel l as adjust and
maintain the working pos ition of implement, so a s to meet different re quirements of va rious
implements and operations.

Move the control lever of the distributor to raise and lower the implement.
According to the type of work to be done, type of implement used and field condition,
hydraulic hitch system provides various functions, so that the satisfactory work quality is
obtained.

A.Posi tion control

In po sition co ntrol, by means of mo ving cont rol lever of the d istribu tor, the p osition of

15

implement could be adjusted, if desired position of the implement has been got, set the
position of the stop per on th e return rod to limit t he contr ol lever. T ight en the sto pper on the
rod with screw, so that th e lever can be push ed to the s ame position every ti m e.
Adjustment may be done during plowing period. The supporting wheel for the implement is
not necessary in position cont rol.

B.Floating contro l

Floating control is suitable for field plowing. In floating control, supporting wheel is
needed for implement, During plowing , hold the control lever of distributor at "lowering
position. (i.e. push the control lever of distributor forward with the return stopper. Do not
return the control lever to the neutral position). The hydraulic circuit is in "floating" control.
Using floating control, the plowing depth is controlled by the change of the height of the
supporting wheel. The uniform plowing depth would be obtained in the field with wild
changes of soil resistance.

C.Control of the lowering speed of the implement

Turn the lowering speed adjusting valve to control the lowering speed of the implement.
The lower ing sp eed sh ould be sele cted prope rly ac cordi ng to th e weig ht of the i mplem ent and
hardn ess of soil surfa ce in orde r to p reven t the im plem ent from b eing se ri ously impa cted a nd
damaged.

Turn the lo wering spe ed adju sting val ve clockwis e, the low ering speed will reduce ; turn

the valve coun te rclockwis e, the lowering spee d wi ll inc rease.

D.Operat io n of hi t ch syst em

Adjust the implement according to the implement operation manual before the
implements being attached to the hitch system of the tract ors.

In ploughing, adjust longitudinal and lateral level of plough in order to get the same
ploughing depth of front and rear share.

a) Adjus tin g of lon gitudina l leve l

Adjust the length of the upper link of the hitch, keep the plow frame horizontal in
longitudinal level, so as to keep each share in the same plowing depth. As the front share
plows deeper th an the rear one, or he el of plow go es out fro m bottom of furrow, extend t he
upper link; as the front share plows shallower than the rear one, or rear heel si nks into the
bottom of furrow, shorten the upper link.

b) Adjust ing of lat e r al level

Adjus t len g th of righ t lifting r od , ke ep plow fra me ho rizontal in latera l le vel, as ext en d th e
right li fting rod, the plowin g depth of th e first sh are is inc reased. As shorten t he right l ifting
rod, t he plo ughing dept h of t he fi rst sh are is decrea sed. U sually, the left l ifting rod does not

16

requir e a ny ad ju st me nt . O nl y i f th e r i g ht lifting r od is ad ju sted to i ts limits, the lef t li fting rod
would be adjusted to obtain the uniform plowin g depth.

In order to obtain better plowing quality in actual operation, still need to adjust the
plowing width according to the plow operation manual, so that the twifallow and omitted
plowing won't happen. The various adjustments described above are connected. According to
each operation condition, combine the adjustments properly, then can obtain the best results.

The check chains can make the integral unit have good manoeuve rability in the field, and
prevent implement from hitting rear wheels because of the too much crosswise swinging of
the imple ment during turnin g of tractor and lifting the i mp lement in the field ends. As the
implement is in plowing position, the check chains are loosen, a certain swinging scope
betwee n trac tor and imp lement is allow ed. Adju sting th e devi ation tra ction of the im plemen t
throu gh tensioning the check chains is prohi bited during ploughing.

c) While using implements of driving typ e, should pay attention to the length of universal
joint sh aft ; aft er atta chm ent, th ere s houl d be ab out 10 mm axia l cle aran ce betw een P TO shaf t
and universal shaft.

3) Using the diff erential loc k:

In trac tor transpo rtation and o peration, if one drive wh eel slips gr eatly and the tractor
can not move forward, operate the differential lock according to the following steps:

A. Depr ess the clutch pedal, move the gea r shifting lever to the low range gear position.

B. Turn the hand throttle to full open position.

C. Depress down the differential lock lever under the right side of the seat, gradually
release the clutch pedal to engage the clutch, so that two drive wheels rot ate in same speed,
then there is a possibility to drive the tractor through the slippery area.

D. After t he tract or passes t hrough th e slipp ery area, ca n not tu rn the tra ctor, othe rwise
the parts may be damaged.

Note:

Release di fferenti al lock lever and let it return to the original po sition after the

differential lock is engaged.

7. Use of the electr ical equipment

The electrical equipment of the tractor is used to start engine, meet the needs of giving
signals and lighting for operation at night and etc. The electrical system of the tractor is
negative pole connected with iron, 12V single phase circuit.

1) Battery

Batter y rate d voltag e is 12V and its r ated capacit y is 60 or 66 AH; The batt ery is u sed t o

17

store the spare electricity produced by the generator. While the engine doesn't work or run at
low speed, the stored electrical en ergy can supp ly electricity for all of the electrical devices
and to start the tractor. While the engine overloads in a short time, the battery can help to
supply electricity. In routine use, the battery should be often checked and maintained in
accordance with the technical maintenance regulations of the tractor.

A. Before us ing the new battery, fi ll the electro lyte stip ulated in table 2-4 to th e requi red
height, t he n keep the b at ter y for 1 5 m i nu tes , a fte r tha t, th e b at ter y can be us ed; after sta rt in g
the engin e, firstly it is b etter to charge the battery for 1-2 hours, w hich is good to extend the
service li fe of the batt ery.

B. Dust and dirt on the outside of the battery should be often cleared away in case
elec tricity l eaks. Che ck to see wh ether th e battery has crack le and ele ctrolyt e leak; kee p the
termin als and all contacts in good connecting condition; keep the air hole on the plasti c cover
unblocked, so as to protect the battery fro m explosion because of too m u ch gas in the ba ttery.

C. Check the height of electrolyte level and specific gravity. In normal use, if the height
of elect rolyte level is below 10-15m m, distilled wat er should be pou red into it in ti me. Well
water or river water can't be used. So as to prevent impurity from entering electrolyte. If
electrolyte overflows much under unusual conditions, it can be added. The density of
elec trolyte in electrol ytic cel l should be not lower than 1.2g /cm3; if th e densit y is too low , the
battery should be charged in time.

D.The time of continuous starting should not be more than 10 seconds in case
overdischarge. The battery should be charged at regular interval. The single voltage of the
charged battery should be 2-2. 1 V.

Table2-4 Density of electrolyte

2) Use of generator and regulator

A. Generator should be used with regulator.

B. The genera tor is co nnec ted with gr oun d by negat ive pol e. The ge nera tor is connec ted
with the regulator and the battery by negative pole. The positive and negative poles of
genera to r, relay a nd b att ery can no t b e co nn ec ted in wro ng wa y. Otherw is e th e generator and
regul ator ma y be damaged.

C. Che cki ng th e gen er ator by s hort circ ui t is p rohi bi ted . Meg aoh mmet er o r A. C. po we r

Temperature
of ele ctrolyte(0

℃

)

0-5 5-10 10-15 15-20 20-25 25-30 30-35 35-40 40-45

Densit y(g/cm3) 1.305 1.300 1.295 1.290 1.285 1.280 1.275 1.270 1.265