Macromedia Photoshop - 6.0 User Guide

Adobe® Photoshop® 6.0 User Guide for Windows® and Macintosh

This manual, as well as the software described in it, is furnished under license and may be used or copied only in accordance with the terms of such license. The content of this manual is furnished for informational use only, is subject to change without notice, and should not be construed as a commitment by Adobe Systems Incorporated. Adobe assumes no responsibility or liability for any errors or inaccuracies that may appear in this documentation. Except as permitted by such license, no part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of Adobe.

Please remember that existing artwork or images that you may want to include in your project may be protected under copyright law. The unauthorized incorporation of such material into your new work could be a violation of the rights of the copyright owner. Please be sure to obtain any permission required from the copyright owner.

Any references to company names in sample templates are for demonstration purposes only and are not intended to refer to any actual organization.

Adobe, the Adobe logo, Acrobat, Acrobat Reader, Adobe Dimensions, Adobe Gamma, After Effects, FrameMaker, GoLive, Illustrator, ImageReady, InDesign, InProduction, Minion, Myriad, PageMaker, Photoshop, PostScript, PressReady, and Streamline are either registered trademarks or trademarks of Adobe Systems Incorporated in the United States and/or other countries. Microsoft and Windows are either registered trademarks or trademarks of Microsoft Corporation in the United States and/or other countries. Apple, AppleTalk, ColorSync, LaserWriter, Mac, Macintosh, and QuickTime are trademarks of Apple Computer, Inc. registered in the U.S. and other countries. QuickTime and the QuickTime logo are trademarks used under license. Kodak and Photo CD are trademarks of Eastman Kodak Company. All other trademarks are the property of their respective owners.

Contains an implementation of the LZW algorithm licensed under U.S Patent 4,558,302.

Adobe Systems Incorporated, 345 Park Avenue, San Jose, California 95110, USA

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§12.212 or 48 C.F.R. §227.7202, as applicable. Consistent with 48 C.F.R. §12.212 or 48 C.F.R. §§227.7202-1 through 227.7202-4, as applicable, the Commercial Computer Software and Commercial Computer Software Documentation are being licensed to U.S. Government end users (a) only as Commercial Items and (b) with only those rights as are granted to all other end users pursuant to the terms and conditions herein. Unpublished-rights reserved under the copyright laws of the United States. Adobe Systems Incorporated, 345 Park Avenue, San Jose, CA 95110-2704, USA. For U.S. Government End Users, Adobe agrees to comply with all applicable equal opportunity laws including, if appropriate, the provisions of Executive Order 11246, as amended, Section 402 of the Vietnam Era Veterans Readjustment Assistance Act of 1974 (38 USC 4212), and Section 503 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973, as amended, and the regulations at 41 CFR Parts 60-1 through 60-60, 60-250, and 60-741. The afﬁrmative action clause and regulations contained in the preceding sentence shall be incorporated by reference in this Agreement.

Part Number: 90024592 (09/00)

Contents

iii

Getting Started

Adobe Photoshop Basics

Registration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1

Installing Adobe Photoshop and ImageReady . . . . . . . . . . . 1

Learning Adobe Photoshop and ImageReady . . . . . . . . . . . 1

Using Web resources . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

Other learning resources . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4

Customer support . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

Using tools and palettes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

Opening images in Photoshop and ImageReady . . . . . . . 12

Streamlining your workﬂow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14

Making tonal and color adjustments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16

Retouching images . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17

Making pixel selections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18

Making edits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20

Using layers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22

Compositing images . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24

Painting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26

Drawing shapes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27

Creating type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30

Editing type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31

Designing Web graphics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32

Creating animations (ImageReady) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33

Optimizing Web graphics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34

What’s New in Adobe Photoshop 6.0

Superb vector support . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40

Enhanced vector output . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42

Layer styles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42

Interactive image warping . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44

Enhanced slicing capabilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45

Enhanced support for image maps and rollovers . . . . . . . 47

Weighted optimization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48

Improved Web workﬂow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48

Streamlined interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49

CONTENTS

Enhanced layer management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50

Expanded text features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51

Preset Manager . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53

Other new and enhanced features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53

Looking at the Work Area

Chapter 1

Using the toolbox . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57

Using the tool options bar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59

Using palettes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60

Using context menus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64

Viewing images . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64

Correcting mistakes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68

Reverting to any state of an image . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69

Duplicating images . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73

Using rulers, the measure tool, guides, and the grid . . . . . 74

Working with Extras . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77

Displaying status information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78

Displaying ﬁle and image information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78

Annotating images (Photoshop) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80

Jumping between applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82

Previewing an image in a browser . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84

Managing libraries with the Preset Manager

(Photoshop) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85

Setting preferences . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86

Resetting all warning dialogs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87

Monitoring operations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88

Closing ﬁles and quitting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88

Getting Images into Photoshop and ImageReady

Chapter 2

About bitmap images and vector graphics . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91

About image size and resolution . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92

Changing image size and resolution . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95

Scanning images . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99

Creating new images . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100

Opening and importing images . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101

Placing ﬁles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104

Managing ﬁles with WebDAV . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106

Working with Color

Producing Consistent Color (Photoshop)

Chapter 3

About color modes and models (Photoshop) . . . . . . . . . . 109

Color gamuts (Photoshop) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114

Adjusting the monitor display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114

Channels and bit depth (Photoshop) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116

Converting between color modes (Photoshop) . . . . . . . . 117

Converting to indexed color (Photoshop) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118

Applying colors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118

Making color and tonal adjustments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118

Chapter 4

Why colors sometimes don’t match . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .121

About color management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121

Do you need color management? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122

Creating a viewing environment for

color management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123

Setting up color management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124

Using predeﬁned color management settings . . . . . . . . . 124

Customizing color management settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126

Specifying working spaces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127

Specifying color management policies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 128

Customizing advanced color management settings . . . 130

Saving and loading color management settings . . . . . . . 130

Synchronizing color management between

applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131

Soft-prooﬁng colors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131

Changing the color proﬁle of a document . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133

Embedding proﬁles in saved documents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 134

Obtaining, installing, and updating color proﬁles . . . . . . 134

Creating an ICC monitor proﬁle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136

Selecting

Chapter 5

About selections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139

Making pixel selections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139

Adjusting pixel selections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 146

Softening the edges of a selection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 147

Moving, copying, and pasting selections and layers . . . . 149

Working with snap . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 152

CONTENTS

Saving and loading selections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 153

Deleting selections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 153

Removing fringe pixels from a selection

(Photoshop) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 154

Extracting objects from their background

(Photoshop) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 154

Drawing and Editing

Using Channels and Masks

Chapter 6

About drawing and painting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 161

Drawing shapes and paths . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 161

Using the shape tools . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 164

Using the pen tools (Photoshop) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 166

Drawing overlapping shapes (Photoshop) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 171

Using the Paths palette (Photoshop) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 171

Editing paths (Photoshop) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 172

Managing paths (Photoshop) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 179

Converting between paths and selection borders

(Photoshop) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 180

Adding color to paths (Photoshop) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 182

Transforming and retouching . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 182

Chapter 7

About channels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 185

Using the Channels palette (Photoshop) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 185

Managing channels (Photoshop) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 187

Mixing color channels (Photoshop) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 190

Adding spot colors (Photoshop) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 191

Using channel calculations to blend layers

and channels (Photoshop) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 194

About masks (Photoshop) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 197

Creating temporary masks in Quick Mask mode

(Photoshop) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 197

Storing masks in alpha channels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 199

Using Layers

Chapter 8

About layers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 205

About layer sets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 206

Using the Layers palette . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 206

Creating a layered image . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 210

Grouping layers into sets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 213

Moving and aligning the contents of layers . . . . . . . . . . . 214

Editing layers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 216

Creating clipping groups . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 218

Specifying layer properties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 219

Using the Layer Style dialog box (Photoshop) . . . . . . . . . 220

Setting layer blending options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 221

Using layer styles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 226

Customizing layer styles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 230

Creating and editing contours (Photoshop) . . . . . . . . . . . 236

Hiding portions of a layer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 237

Using adjustment layers or ﬁll layers (Photoshop) . . . . . . 242

Managing layered images . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 246

vii

Using Type

Designing Web Pages

Chapter 9

About type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 251

Creating type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 251

Working with type layers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 254

Formatting characters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 258

Formatting paragraphs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 265

Controlling hyphenation and justiﬁcation . . . . . . . . . . . . . 267

Working with composition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 267

Setting options for Chinese, Japanese,

and Korean type (Photoshop) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 267

Chapter 10

About designing Web pages with Photoshop and

ImageReady . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 271

Creating and viewing slices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 272

Selecting and modifying slices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 276

Specifying slice options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 281

Creating and viewing image maps (ImageReady) . . . . . . 286

Selecting and modifying image maps (ImageReady) . . . 288

Specifying image map options (ImageReady) . . . . . . . . . 291

Selecting an image map type (ImageReady) . . . . . . . . . . . 292

Working with rollovers (ImageReady) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 292

Creating Web photo galleries (Photoshop) . . . . . . . . . . . . 297

viii

CONTENTS

Creating Animations (ImageReady)

Optimizing Images for the Web

Chapter 11

About animation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 301

Creating animations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 301

Working with layers in animations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 306

Viewing animations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 309

Optimizing animations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 309

Viewing animated images in Photoshop . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 310

Saving animations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 310

Opening and importing ﬁles as animations . . . . . . . . . . . . 311

Chapter 12

About optimization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 315

Viewing images during optimization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 316

Choosing a ﬁle format for optimization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 317

Optimizing images . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 320

Using weighted optimization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 327

Optimizing colors in GIF and PNG-8 images . . . . . . . . . . . 330

Working with hexadecimal values for color . . . . . . . . . . . 337

Making transparent and matted images . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 339

Previewing and controlling dithering . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 341

Setting optimization preferences (ImageReady) . . . . . . . 345

Using a droplet to automate optimization settings

(ImageReady) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 346

Saving optimized images . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 347

Setting output options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 348

Creating background images . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 352

Saving and Exporting Images

Chapter 13

Saving images . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 357

About ﬁle formats . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 364

Adding ﬁle information (Photoshop) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 366

Adding digital copyright information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 366

Setting preferences for saving ﬁles (Photoshop) . . . . . . . 366

Creating multiple-image layouts (Photoshop) . . . . . . . . . 367

Placing Photoshop images in other applications

(Photoshop) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 369

Printing (Photoshop)

Automating Tasks

Chapter 14

About printing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 375

Printing images . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 376

Positioning and scaling images . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 377

Setting output options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 378

Selecting halftone screen attributes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 379

Printing part of an image . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 382

Choosing a print encoding method . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 382

Printing vector graphics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 382

Using color management when printing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 382

Printing with Adobe PressReady . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 383

Creating color traps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 384

Printing duotones . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 384

Printing color separations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 389

Chapter 15

About actions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 393

Using the Actions palette . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 394

Recording actions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 394

Playing actions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 399

Setting playback options (Photoshop) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 400

Editing actions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 400

Managing actions in the Actions palette . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 402

Using the Batch command (Photoshop) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 405

Using droplets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 406

Using the Automate commands (Photoshop) . . . . . . . . . 410

External automation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 411

Index

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 413

Getting Started

elcome to the Adobe® Photoshop® 6.0 application, the world-standard

and Web-graphics solution. With its integrated Web tool application, Adobe ImageReady Photoshop delivers a comprehensive environment for professional designers and graphics producers to create sophisticated images for both print and the Web. Moreover, Photoshop 6.0 expands the deﬁnition of desktop image-editing by adding new support for vector-based drawing and editing, improved tools for producing Web graphics, and an enhanced user interface, all to your creative advantage.

image-editing, photo-retouching,

™

3.0,

Registration

Adobe is conﬁdent you will ﬁnd that its software greatly increases your productivity. So that Adobe can continue to provide you with the highest quality software, offer technical support, and inform you about new Photoshop software developments, please register your application.

When you ﬁrst start the Photoshop or ImageReady application, you’re prompted to register online. You can choose to submit the form directly or fax a printed copy. You can also register by ﬁlling out and returning the registration card included with your software package.

Installing Adobe Photoshop and ImageReady

You must install the Photoshop and ImageReady applications from the Adobe Photoshop CD onto your hard drive; you cannot run the program from the CD.

Follow the on-screen installation instructions. For more detailed information, see the

ReadMe

both the Photoshop and ImageReady applications.

ﬁle on the CD. The single installer installs

Install-

Learning Adobe Photoshop and ImageReady

Adobe provides a variety of options for you to learn Photoshop, including printed guides, online Help, and tool tips. Using the Adobe Online feature, you can easily access a host of continually updated Web resources for learning Photoshop, from tips and tutorials to tech support information.

Adobe Acrobat Photoshop CD, lets you view PDF ﬁles. Acrobat Reader or Adobe Acrobat is required to view many documents included on this CD.

Using the printed documentation

Two printed documents are included with the application.

Reader™ software, included on the

Getting Started

Using online Help

The Adobe Photoshop and ImageReady applications include complete documentation in an HTML-based help system. The help system includes all of the information in the

Photoshop 6.0 User Guide

plus information on additional features, keyboard shortcuts, and fullcolor illustrations.

For more detailed information about using online Help, click the Help on Help button

next to the Content tab.

To properly view online Help topics, you need Netscape Communicator 4.0 (or later) or

Microsoft

Internet Explorer 4.0 (or later).

You must also have JavaScript active.

To start online Help:

Do one of the following:

•

Choose Help > Help Contents (Photoshop) or

Help > Help Topics (ImageReady).

•

Press F1 (Windows).

Adobe Photoshop 6.0 User Guide

essential information on using Photoshop and ImageReady commands and features. Complete information on all topics is available in online Help. The printed guide and help also indicate when a topic, procedure, or command pertains speciﬁcally to Photoshop or ImageReady, for example, “Choose View > Actual Pixels (Photoshop) or View > Actual Size (ImageReady).”

Adobe

Contains

The user guide assumes you have a working knowledge of your computer and its operating conventions, including how to use a mouse and standard menus and commands. It also assumes you know how to open, save, and close ﬁles. For help with any of these techniques,

please see your Microsoft Windows

or Mac® OS

documentation.

Adobe Photoshop Quick Reference Card

Contains basic information about the Adobe Photoshop and ImageReady tools and palettes, and shortcuts for using them. Shortcuts are also included in the online Help.

Using tool tips

The tool tips feature lets you display the name of tools, or buttons and controls in palettes.

To identify a tool or control:

Position the pointer over a tool or control and pause. A tool tip appears showing the name and keyboard shortcut (if any) for the item.

If tool tips don’t appear, the preference for displaying them may be turned off.

To display tool tips:

Choose Edit > Preferences > General.

Select Show Tool Tips, and click OK.

Note:

Tool tips are not available in most dialog

boxes.

ADOBE PHOTOSHOP 6.0

User Guide

Using Web resources

If you have an Internet connection and a Web browser installed on your system, you can access additional resources for learning Photoshop and ImageReady located on the Adobe Systems home page on the World Wide Web. These resources are continually updated.

To access the Adobe home page for your region:

Open the Adobe U.S. home page at

www.adobe.com.

From the Adobe Sites menu, choose your

geographical region. The Adobe home page is customized for several geographical regions.

About Adobe Online

Adobe Online provides access to the latest tutorials, quicktips, and other Web content for Photoshop and other Adobe products. Using Adobe Online, you can also download and view the current version of the Photoshop Top Issues document containing the latest Photoshop technical support solutions. Bookmarks are also included to take you quickly to noteworthy Adobe- and Photoshop-related sites.

Using Adobe Online

Adobe Online is constantly changing, so you should refresh before you use it. Refreshing through Adobe Online updates bookmarks and buttons so you can quickly access the most current content available. You can use preferences to automatically refresh Adobe Online daily, weekly, or monthly.

When you set up Adobe Online to connect to your Web browser, Adobe can either notify you whenever new information is available through the Downloadables feature or automatically download that information to your hard disk. If you choose not to use the automatic download feature, you can still view and download new ﬁles whenever they are available using the Downloadables command in the Help menu.

To use Adobe Online:

In Photoshop or ImageReady, choose

Help > Adobe Online, or click the icon at the top of the toolbox.

Note:

You must have an Internet connection and an Internet browser installed. Adobe Online will launch your browser using your default Internet conﬁguration.

Do any of the following:

•

Click Refresh to make sure you have the latest version of the Adobe Online window and its buttons, as well as the latest bookmarks. It is important to refresh the screen so that the current options are available for you to choose from.

•

Click Preferences to specify connection options. General preferences affect how Adobe Online interacts with all Adobe products installed on your system, and Application preferences affect how

Getting Started

Adobe Online interacts with Photoshop and ImageReady. To see an explanation of each preference option, click Setup and follow the prompts. You also can set up an automatic refresh using the Update Options.

Note:

You can also set Adobe Online preferences by

choosing Edit > Preferences > Adobe Online.

•

Click any button in the Adobe Online window to

open the Web page to which the button is linked.

•

Click the bookmark button ( ) to view suggested Web sites related to Photoshop and Adobe. These bookmarks are automatically updated as new Web sites become available.

•

Click Close to return to Photoshop or ImageReady.

Accessing Adobe Online through the Help menu

The Help menu includes options to view and download information from the Adobe Web site.

To view updated articles or documents:

Click Help and choose the topic you want to view.

To view and download information from the Adobe Web site using the Help menu:

In Photoshop or ImageReady, choose Help >

Downloadables.

Select a View Option:

•

Select Show Only New Files to view only the ﬁles that are new since the last time you viewed downloadable ﬁles or were notiﬁed of them.

•

Select Show All Files to view all the ﬁles on the Adobe Web site that are currently available for download.

Select Download Options:

•

Select Auto Install Downloaded Components if you want Adobe to start the component’s installer (if available) as soon as the download is complete. You can then follow the prompts to install the ﬁles.

•

Select Download in Background if you want to continue working in Photoshop, ImageReady, and other applications while the ﬁle downloads.

•

Select Notify When Download Complete if you want Adobe to display a message when the ﬁles have been transferred to your computer.

To view a list of ﬁles, open the Downloadables

folder and any other folder listed.

To see a description of a ﬁle, position the mouse cursor over a ﬁlename and view its description in the Item Description section.

To see the location where a ﬁle will be installed

if downloaded, select a ﬁle and view its location in the Download Directory section. To change the location, click the Folder button ( ).

To download a ﬁle, select it and click Download.

To close the Downloadables dialog box, click Close.

Other learning resources

Other Adobe learning resources are available but are not included with your application.

ADOBE PHOTOSHOP 6.0

User Guide

Classroom in a Book

Is the ofﬁcial training series for Adobe graphics and publishing software. This book is developed by experts at Adobe and published by Adobe Press. The

Classroom in a Book

includes lessons about using

Photoshop. For information on purchasing

Photoshop Classroom in a Book

Adobe Photoshop

Adobe

, visit the Adobe Web site at www.adobe.com, or contact your local book distributor.

Ofﬁcial Adobe Print Publishing Guide

Provides in-depth information on successful print production, including topics such as color management, commercial printing, constructing a publication, imaging and prooﬁng, and project management guidelines. For information on purchasing the

, visit the Adobe Web site at

Guide

Ofﬁcial Adobe Print Publishing

www.adobe.com.

Ofﬁcial Adobe Electronic Publishing Guide

Tackles the fundamental issues essential to ensuring quality online publications in HTML and PDF. Using simple, expertly illustrated explanations, design and publishing professionals tell you how to design electronic publications for maximum speed, legibility, and effectiveness. For information on purchasing the

Electronic Publishing Guide

, visit the Adobe Web

Ofﬁcial Adobe

site at www.adobe.com.

The Adobe Certiﬁcation program

Offers users, instructors, and training centers the opportunity to demonstrate their product proﬁciency and promote their software skills as Adobe Certiﬁed Experts, Adobe Certiﬁed Instructors, or Adobe Authorized Learning Providers. Certiﬁcation is

available for several different geographical regions. Visit the Partnering with Adobe Web site at www.partners.adobe.com to learn how you can become certiﬁed.

Customer support

When you register your product, you may be entitled to technical support for up to 90 days from the date of your ﬁrst call. Terms may vary depending on the country of residence. For more information, refer to the technical support card provided with the Photoshop documentation.

Customer support on Adobe Online

Adobe Online provides access to FAQs (Frequently Asked Questions) and troubleshooting information that provides solutions to common problems.

Additional customer support resources

Adobe Systems provides several forms of automated technical support:

•

See the ReadMe and ReadMe First! ﬁles installed with the program for information that became available after this guide went to press.

•

Explore the extensive customer support information on Adobe’s World Wide Web site (www.adobe.com). To access the Adobe Web site from Photoshop, choose Help > Adobe Online or click the icon at the top of the toolbox. (See “Using Web resources” on page 3.)

•

Read the Top Issues PDF that is available from the Help menu.

Adobe Photoshop Basics

This interactive overview of Adobe Photoshop offers a number of short lesson modules designed to introduce the key features of the program. You can complete the modules in sequence, or select individual ones to design your own program introduction. If you are an experienced Photoshop user, you may want to quickly review sections of this overview and then skip to “What’s New in Adobe Photoshop 6.0.”

Adobe Photoshop Basics

Setting up the work area

Using tools and palettes

The Photoshop or ImageReady work area consists of the image window, the toolbox, the options bar, and a set of ﬂoating palettes. This module shows you the basics of navigating the work area, from selecting tools and tool options to customizing the display and arrangement of palettes.

Select a tool

tools, as indicated by the small triangle to the lower right of the tool icon. To select a hidden tool, position the pointer on the visible tool and hold down the mouse button until the tools list appears. Then, click the tool you want.

Choose tool options

your screen. This options bar contains option settings for the currently selected tool.

•

To display the options bar if it is hidden, click a tool in the toolbox, or choose Window > Show Options.

•

To move the options bar to a different location, drag the title bar on the left edge of the bar. You can move the options bar anywhere in the work area and dock it to the top or bottom of the screen.

Options bar

To select a tool, click its icon in the toolbox. Some tools in the toolbox have additional hidden

When you ﬁrst start the application, the options bar appears docked to the top of

ADOBE PHOTOSHOP 6.0

User Guide

Display the palettes

When you ﬁrst start the application, the ﬂoating palettes appear stacked in default groups. Use the following techniques to show and hide palettes:

•

To bring a palette to the front of its group, click the palette’s tab.

•

To show or hide a palette as you work, choose the appropriate Window > Show or Window > Hide command.

•

(ImageReady) To show or hide options for

Palette group with Color palette at front

palettes that include hidden options, click the Show Options button ( ) on the palette tab to cycle through palette displays.

•

To hide or display all open palettes and the toolbox, press Tab. To hide or display palettes only, press Shift+Tab.

Arrange the palettes

Depending on your available screen area and work needs, you may want to reposition and regroup the palettes. Use the following techniques to change palette arrangements:

•

To move an entire palette group, drag its title bar.

•

To rearrange or separate a palette from its group, drag the palette’s tab. Dragging

Click a tab to display a palette stored in the palette well.

a palette outside of an existing group creates a new group.

•

To dock palettes together, drag a palette’s tab to the bottom of another palette so that the bottom of the second palette is highlighted. You can move an entire docked group by dragging its title bar. You cannot dock existing palette groups together.

•

To store an undocked palette in the palette well at the options bar’s right edge, drag the palette’s tab into the palette well so that the palette well is highlighted. To display a palette in the well, click the palette’s tab. This technique is useful for providing quick and compact access to palettes.

Adobe Photoshop Basics

Display a palette menu

Most palettes have menus that contain additional commands and options. To display a palette menu, click the black triangle at the upper right of the palette. (For palettes stored in the options bar, ﬁrst display the palette and then click the black triangle in the palette’s tab.)

Opening images in Photoshop and ImageReady

Photoshop and ImageReady let you open or import a variety of source images. You can create new images, import digital images saved in various formats, and scan or capture images from an imaging device.

(Photoshop) Specify color management settings

management settings you want to use. Photoshop color management features are designed to help keep colors in your image consistent as the image is transferred between different users, systems, and display and output devices. To set up color management, choose Edit > Color Settings, choose a predeﬁned conﬁguration from the Settings menu, and click OK.

The conﬁguration you choose deﬁnes the speciﬁc color spaces that Photoshop uses when working with images in RGB, CMYK, and Grayscale modes. For complete information on setting up color management, see the online help section on producing consistent color.

Scan the image at the correct size and resolution

Photoshop or ImageReady, it’s a good idea to scan the image as close as possible to the size dimensions and resolution that you want. When in doubt, scan at a higher resolution than what is needed. You can always reduce the image later in Photoshop or ImageReady by cutting down the resolution or pixel dimensions.

Before opening or creating new images, specify the color

If you are scanning an image to be opened in

Open or create an image

•

Choose File > Open, and locate and select the desired image ﬁle. Depending on your color

Do one of the following:

management settings and the color proﬁle associated with the ﬁle, you may be prompted to specify how to handle color information in the ﬁle.

•

Choose File > New. Enter a name for the image, and specify its dimensions, resolution (Photoshop only), and color mode (Photoshop only). In addition, specify whether to ﬁll the image with white, the current background color, or transparency.

ADOBE PHOTOSHOP 6.0

User Guide

Set rulers, guides, and the grid

To help position and align elements accurately in the image, use rulers,

guides, and grid lines:

• To display rulers along the top and left side of the document window, choose View > Show Rulers.

(In Photoshop, you can change the ruler units by choosing Edit > Preferences > Units & Rulers.)

• To place a horizontal or vertical guide, drag from either the horizontal or vertical ruler.

• (Photoshop) To display grid lines throughout the document window, choose View > Show > Grid.

(You can control the color, style, and spacing of the grid and guide lines by choosing Edit > Preferences > Guides & Grid.)

You can toggle the display of guides and grid lines at any time by choosing the appropriate command from the View > Show submenu. Checked items are visible; unchecked items are hidden.

Adjust the image view Photoshop and

ImageReady offer several tools for navigating and magnifying the view of your image:

• To move a different area of the image into view,

drag with the hand tool ( ) in the image. You can use the hand tool while another tool is selected by holding down the spacebar.

• To magnify the view, select the zoom tool ( ),

and click in the image or drag over the part of the image you want to magnify. To reduce the view magniﬁcation, Alt-click (Windows) or

Drag with the zoom tool to magnify.

Option-click (Mac OS) with the zoom tool in the image.

• (Photoshop) To adjust the image view using the Navigator palette, choose Window > Show Navigator.

In the Navigator palette, drag the view box in the image thumbnail to move the view, or click the area of the thumbnail that you want to display in the window.

• To display the same image in multiple windows, choose View > New View. Multiple windows let you

display different views of the same image.

Adobe Photoshop Basics

Monitor your work status As you experiment with

different tools, commands, and image views, check out the status bar at the bottom edge of the document window. This area displays useful information about your work status, such as the current magniﬁcation percentage or the name of the currently selected tool. You can specify the type of information displayed by using the pop-up menu in the status bar.

Display the Info palette For convenient access to additional information about your image, display the

Info palette by choosing Window > Show Info. The Info palette displays information about the color values in the image beneath the pointer and, depending on the tool in use, other useful measurements.

Streamlining your workﬂow

Photoshop and ImageReady provide a number of convenient features to help your work ﬂow more smoothly. The Jump To button makes it easy to work on the same image seamlessly in both Photoshop and ImageReady. The Undo command and History palette let you correct editing mistakes. And the Actions palette lets you save sequences of commonly used tasks so that you can perform them automatically on an image or batch of images.

Status bar

Switch between Photoshop and ImageReady

You can easily jump between Photoshop and ImageReady when working on an image to use the full feature sets of both applications. To switch to either application, click the Jump To button in the toolbox.

Jump To button in Photoshop and ImageReady

ADOBE PHOTOSHOP 6.0

Undo the last performed operation If you make a mistake while working, simply choose Edit > Undo to

reverse the effect of the last operation. Most, but not all, operations can be reversed this way.

Undo multiple operations If you need to undo more than one operation, choose Window > Show History

to display the History palette. This palette lists all the different states that the image has undergone as a result of the recent edits you’ve made. To revert the image to a previous state, click the name of the state in the History palette.

User Guide

History palette Playing an action

Automate repeated tasks To automatically apply a sequence of operations to your image, choose

Window > Show Actions to display the Actions palette. This palette includes a default list of common tasks, or actions. You can perform a desired action automatically by selecting it and clicking the Play button ( ) at the bottom of the Actions palette. Or, you can record your own sequence of operations as a stored action in the palette for future playback on a single image or batch of images.

Adobe Photoshop Basics

Adjusting and retouching images

Making tonal and color adjustments

Upon ﬁrst opening a scanned image or digital photograph in Photoshop or ImageReady, it’s common to notice some problems with color quality and tonal range. The image may appear washed out, for example, or appear too dark or too light in certain areas.

Open the Levels dialog box When making tonal adjustments to an image in Photoshop, it’s a good idea to

use adjustment layers. You can limit the application of ﬂexible and reversible adjustments to an adjustment layer, so that underlying layers show the effects of the adjustment without being permanently altered. (You can even block areas from being adjusted by painting the adjustment layer with black.) To create an adjustment layer that adjusts the tonality of an image, choose Layer > New Adjustment Layer > Levels. Name the layer and click OK.

In ImageReady, you do not have the option of adjustment layers, so choose Image > Adjust > Levels.

Adjust tonal levels The Levels dialog box displays a

graph representing the tonal distribution of the image—from shadows (on the left) to midtones (in the middle) to highlights (on the right). To achieve good tonal range, drag the black and white sliders to where the graph begins at either end. Then drag the middle slider to adjust midtones to the desired level.

The Levels dialog box provides a useful way to adjust your image’s overall tonal range. The Curves dialog box represents another, more precise method, letting you adjust any point along a 0–255 tonal scale.

Make other adjustments If needed, you can use other adjustment features to correct for color casts and

sharpen details in the ﬁnal image.

Adjusting tonal levels

ADOBE PHOTOSHOP 6.0

Retouching images

Many of the retouching tools in Photoshop and ImageReady are modeled after traditional photo-studio techniques for correcting blemishes and faulty exposures in images. However, with the power of digital technology you can use these tools to apply all sorts of creative effects beyond basic photo retouching.

Dodge or burn the image The dodge tool ( ) and burn tool ( ) let you respectively lighten and darken

a localized area in your image. With either tool selected, choose a brush from the brushes menu in the options bar. In addition, choose the range of tones you want to affect from the range menu in the options bar. Then drag over the part of the image that you want to lighten.

Remove imperfections The clone stamp tool ( )

lets you paint over an area of your image using a sample taken from the same image or another image. With the clone stamp tool selected, choose a brush from the options bar. Alt-click (Windows) or Option-click (Mac OS) the image area you want to sample. Release Alt/Option, and then drag to paint with the sample.

User Guide

For best results, use short strokes when painting, and Alt/Option-click to take updated samples frequently between strokes. This helps to produce a smoother, more natural effect.

Removing areas with the clone stamp tool

Adobe Photoshop Basics

Editing images

Making pixel selections

Before you can edit an area of an image, you must ﬁrst select the image area. This type of selection is called a pixel selection because you are selecting an area that contains pixel information. If you experience trouble selecting the image area you want, you may need to check that you are working on the proper layer.

Select with a marquee tool The marquee tools let you select image areas by dragging to deﬁne a shaped

selection border. First, select the rectangular marquee ( ) or the elliptical marquee ( ) from the toolbox. Then drag over the area you want to select.

Reposition a selection border At times, you may want to adjust the position of a selection border to

enclose a different area of the image. To reposition a selection border using any selection tool, move the pointer inside the border and drag to the desired location. Or, use the arrow keys to move the selection border in gradual increments.

Select with a lasso tool The lasso ( ) and

polygon lasso ( ) tools let you select areas by dragging and clicking, respectively, to deﬁne the boundary of the selected area. (In Photoshop, you can also use the magnetic lasso tool ( ) to ﬁnd the edges of the desired area automatically.) These tools are especially useful for selecting irregularly shaped areas.

Selecting with the magnetic lasso tool

ADOBE PHOTOSHOP 6.0

Select with the magic wand The magic wand tool ( ) lets you select a consistently colored area without

having to trace its outline. To use the magic wand, ﬁrst enter a tolerance value in the options bar. (A higher tolerance selects a broader range of colors.) Then click the area in the image you want to select.

Modify a selection border The selection tools come with several options for enhancing or modifying an

existing selection border. These options can help you select areas that are difﬁcult to deﬁne with a single selection. First, make a selection. Then, using any selection tool, specify an option in the options bar:

• The Add to Selection option ( ) adds the new selection to the ﬁrst selection.

• The Subtract from Selection option ( ) subtracts the new selection from the ﬁrst selection.

• The Restrict Selection option ( ) selects only the intersection of the two selections.

(Photoshop) Quick Mask mode A quick mask lets you reﬁne an existing selection border with the aid of

painting tools. This technique is useful for selecting areas that are more easily deﬁned with a painting brush. Use any selection tool to select the desired image area, and then click the Quick Mask mode button ( ) in the toolbox. In Quick Mask mode, everything outside the selection appears masked by a color overlay. Do any of the following to modify the selection border:

• To add to the selection, use a painting tool to paint with white. (See “Painting” on page 26 for more

information.)

• To subtract from the selection, paint with black.

• To create a semitransparent selection area, paint with gray. This is useful for creating a selection with

feathered edges.

User Guide

Click the Standard mode button ( ) to turn off the quick mask and display the modiﬁed selection border.

Adobe Photoshop Basics

Making edits

Photoshop and ImageReady are equipped with a rich collection of editing tools and commands that you can use to modify your images. In addition to basic edits such as repositioning or applying geometric changes to a selection, you can create an unlimited variety of special effects using the Filter commands.

Resize the image To change the dimensions or resolution of your image, choose Image > Image Size and

specify values for the image:

• For an image intended for the Web or online display, enter values for the pixel dimensions and click OK.

• (Photoshop) For an image intended for printed output, enter values for the physical output size. Enter

Move a selection To move a selected pixel area, select the move tool ( ) in the toolbox. Position the

pointer inside the selection, and drag the selection to a new location.

the resolution value recommended for your press or desktop printer, and click OK.

ADOBE PHOTOSHOP 6.0

Duplicate a selection You can also use the move tool to duplicate a selection. With the move tool selected,

simply Alt-drag (Windows) or Option-drag (Mac OS) the selection to copy it.

Duplicating a selection Rotating a selection

Apply a transformation The transformation commands let you make geometric changes—such as

resizing, rotations, shears, distortions, and reﬂections—to a selection. To apply a transformation, do one of the following:

User Guide

• Choose the desired command from the Edit > Transform menu. (In Photoshop, this menu changes to

Edit > Transform Path if a vector shape is selected.)

• Select the move tool ( ), and select Show Bounding Box in the options bar.

If applicable, drag the handles that appear around the selection to achieve the desired effect. Then press Enter or Return to apply the transformation. You can even choose additional transformation commands before you press Enter or Return, adjusting the handles for each command to achieve a cumulative effect.

Apply a ﬁlter Photoshop and ImageReady provide a generous array of ﬁlters for creating all kinds of

special effects—from blurs and ripples to mosaics, brushlike patterns, and other artistic effects. To apply a ﬁlter to a pixel selection, select a command from a submenu in the Filter menu. (If no selection exists, the ﬁlter is applied to the entire layer.)

Adobe Photoshop Basics

Using layers

Layers provide a powerful way for you to organize and manage the various components of your image. For example, by placing an element on a separate layer, you can easily edit and arrange the element without interfering with other parts of the image. Layers also provide the basis for managing and deﬁning advanced features such as Web animations and rollovers.

Display the list of layers If needed, choose

Window > Show Layers to display the Layers palette. This palette shows the list of layers that have been created in the image. The thumbnail previews help you monitor the contents of each layer. Layers may be grouped under layer sets to aid in organizing complex images. To toggle between the expanded and collapsed displays of a layer set, click the triangle to the left of the layer set’s name.

Change the visibility of a layer To help focus your

work on individual layers in the image, you can toggle the visibility of one or more layers:

• To make a single layer invisible, click the eye

icon next to that layer in the Layers palette.

• To display just a single layer and make all other

Layers palette with expanded display

layers invisible, Alt-click (Windows) or Option-click (Mac OS) the eye icon next to the layer you want to show.

ADOBE PHOTOSHOP 6.0

Select a layer Often you will need to target a speciﬁc layer for further editing in Photoshop or

ImageReady. For instance, many tasks—such as transformations or ﬁlters—can be applied to entire layers as well as to individual selections. In addition, you must ﬁrst target a layer in order to select an area or shape that sits on that layer. To select or target a layer, click its name in the Layers palette.

Create a selection based on the contents of a layer To select all the opaque contents of a layer, Ctrl-click

(Windows) or Command-click (Mac OS) the layer in the Layers palette. The resulting selection border represents the boundaries of the layer.

Adjust opacity and blending mode For each layer, you can specify an opacity percentage (to control how

much layers beneath show through) and blending mode (to control how the colors in the layer are blended with the colors of underlying layers). To specify the opacity of a selected layer, enter a value for Opacity or drag the slider at the upper right of the Layers palette. To specify a blending mode for a selected layer, choose an option from the menu at the upper left of the Layers palette.

Move a layer’s stacking order The Layers palette

displays layers in the order that they are stacked in the image, with the topmost layer appearing at the top of the list. To move a layer (or layer set) to a different level in the stacking order, simply drag the layer up or down in the palette. You can also move a layer into a layer set by dragging the layer over the layer set icon.

User Guide

Move a layer’s contents To move all the contents of

Reordering a layer set

a layer to a different position in the image, ﬁrst select the layer in the Layers palette. Then use the move tool ( ) to drag in the image. Only the contents of the selected layer are affected.

Adobe Photoshop Basics

Apply a layer style You can apply predeﬁned styles

to the contents of a layer to produce instant graphic effects. This feature is especially useful for creating Web buttons and rollover states. You can also deﬁne your own layer styles.

To apply a style, choose Window > Show Styles to display the Styles palettes. Select the desired layer in the Layers palette, and then select the style you want to apply from the Styles palette.

Compositing images

You can use various features in Photoshop and ImageReady to combine several images or parts of images to produce creative compositions. For example, by isolating the foreground area of an image and placing it against the background of another image, you can create unlimited composite effects.

Copy a layer between images To copy a layer with all its contents from one image to another, make sure

that both images are open. In the Layers palette for the source image, select the layer that you want to copy. Then select the move tool ( ), and drag from the source image to the destination image until a border highlights the destination window. (If you have made a selection, only the selected area is copied to the destination image.)

Applying a layer style

(Photoshop) Erase the background area of a layer The background eraser tool ( ) lets you erase

similarly colored areas of a layer. This is useful for extracting a foreground object that is surrounded by a consistently colored background. First select the desired layer in the Layers palette. Select the background eraser tool, and set the Tolerance option to a low value. Then drag in the area that you want to remove.

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(Photoshop) Extract part of an image The Extract

Image command provides controls for isolating image areas with wispy or intricate edges. First, duplicate the layer containing the desired area, and select the duplicate layer in the Layers palette. Then choose Image > Extract.

In the Extract dialog box, drag with the edge highlighter tool ( ) in the image preview to highlight the edges of the desired area. Then click inside the highlighted area with the ﬁll tool ( ). Click OK to perform the extraction. All areas on

Extracting an image area

the layer outside the extracted area are erased to transparency.

Mask part of a layer Layer masks let you selectively hide parts of a layer without permanently altering the

layer. For example, you can create a mask that reveals a certain area of detail on a layer; the rest of the layer is hidden but still available behind the mask. In the Layers palette, select the layer that you want to mask, and click the New Layer Mask button ( ) at the bottom of the palette. Create the mask:

User Guide

• To add to the mask and hide more of the layer, use a painting tool to paint with black. (See “Painting”

on page 26 for more information.)

• To subtract from the mask and reveal more of the layer, paint with white.

• To create a semitransparent mask, paint with gray. This is useful for partially hiding areas of the layer.

Adobe Photoshop Basics

Painting and drawing

Painting

Painting in Photoshop or ImageReady is as easy as choosing a color, selecting a tool, choosing a brush tip, and dragging in the image to paint. The various painting tools are modeled after styles of traditional paint media.

Choose a foreground color Before painting an

image, you need to specify the foreground color that will be used to paint. Click the top color selection box in the toolbox, and choose a color in the color picker. You can select the Only Web Colors option to conﬁne your range of choices to Web-safe colors.

You can also use the Color or Swatches palette to choose colors.

Choosing a foreground color

Select a painting tool Select a painting tool from the toolbox and drag in the image to paint:

• The paintbrush tool ( ) creates soft strokes of color.

• The pencil tool ( ) creates hard-edged freehand lines.

• The airbrush tool ( ) lets you apply gradual tones and sprays of color. You can build up color (as with

a traditional airbrush) by holding down the mouse in a stationary position.

• The eraser tool ( ) lets you erase areas to transparency or, if you’re working in the background layer

or in a layer with locked transparency, to the background color. (You set the background color by clicking the bottom color selection box in the toolbox.)

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Choose a brush The Brush option in the options

bar lets you specify the brush tip used by many painting and editing tools. With a painting tool selected, click the triangle to the right of the Brush option in the options bar to display the brushes. Then click to select the desired brush tip. (Larger brushes are indicated by numeric size rather than representative preview.) You can customize the speciﬁed brush by clicking its preview in the options bar.

Specify opacity and blending mode In the options bar for each painting tool, you can also specify an

Sample brushes

opacity (to control how much the underlying image shows through the paint) and a blending mode (to control how the paint is blended with the colors of the underlying image).

Drawing shapes

The shape tools let you draw crisp-edged shapes of various dimensions and colors. Unlike pixel data such as a scanned photograph, these shapes are deﬁned using the mathematical principle of vectors. Used in drawing

applications such as Adobe Illustrator and boundary properties of graphics with clean, resolution-independent precision.

and now Photoshop and ImageReady, vectors describe shape, size,

User Guide

Select a shape tool and set options Select the rectangle tool ( ), rounded rectangle tool ( ), ellipse

tool ( ), or polygon tool ( ) from the toolbox. Then select one of the following drawing options from the options bar:

• The Create Shape Layer option ( ) creates a vector shape ﬁlled with the current foreground color.

The shape is created on a new layer containing a layer clipping path.

• The Create Work Path option ( ) creates an unﬁlled vector path with shaped boundaries. The shape

appears as a new work path in the Paths palette.

• The Fill Region option ( ) creates a rasterized shape ﬁlled with the current foreground color on the

active layer. Selecting this option creates a shape based on pixel, rather than vector, information.

You can also specify other settings in the options bar, such as layer style, opacity, and blending mode.

Adobe Photoshop Basics

Draw a vector shape Drag in the image to draw the speciﬁed shape.

Drawing a shape on a shape layer

Select a shape To select a vector shape for editing, you must ﬁrst target the layer or path containing the

Adding to an existing shape

shape. Do one of the following:

• If the shape is part of a layer, click the shape thumbnail in the Layers palette. (The path associated with

the shape is automatically selected in the Paths palette.) In ImageReady, the shape is automatically selected in the image with a bounding box for repositioning or transforming.

• (Photoshop) If the shape is stored in the Paths palette, select that path in the palette.

After you have targeted the layer or path in Photoshop, select the path component selection tool ( ) in the toolbox, and click anywhere inside the shape in the artwork. To help make the selected shape more visible, select Show Bounding Box in the options bar.

Selecting a shape on a shape layer Selecting a shape on a work path

ADOBE PHOTOSHOP 6.0

(Photoshop) Create a custom shape When the shape layer or work path option is selected in the options

bar, you can use the basic shape tools in combination with one another to create more complex shapes. Select the shape you want to modify, and then select the shape tool you want to use to add variations to the ﬁrst shape. Then select one of the following from the options bar:

• The Add Path Area option ( ) adds the new shape on top of the ﬁrst shape.

• The Subtract Path Area option ( ) subtracts the overlapping area of the two shapes.

• The Restrict Path Area option ( ) keeps only the overlapping area of the two shapes.

• The Invert Path Area option ( ) reverses the ﬁll of the overlapping area of the two shapes and

the background.

Drag with the shape tool to draw a shape that interacts with the ﬁrst shape in the manner speciﬁed. You can continue to add more variations to the custom shape using the different shape tools and options.

(Photoshop) Deﬁne a custom shape You can simplify the process of recreating a custom shape by storing

it in the custom shape library. You can then redraw the shape automatically at any time using the custom shape tool. Select the shape that you just created and choose Edit > Deﬁne Custom Shape.

(Photoshop) Draw with the custom shape tool Select the custom shape tool ( ), and choose your custom

shape from the Shape list in the options bar. Then drag in the image to draw the shape.

User Guide

Adobe Photoshop Basics

Working with type

Creating type

Photoshop and ImageReady provide excellent support for adding graphic type and text to images. You can enter and preview type directly in an image, as well as specify a full range of formatting options. Type is automatically added to a new layer.

Set a type insertion point Select the type tool ( ) in the toolbox, and do one of the following:

• To enter type at a point, click in the image to set an insertion point. The type is added starting from the

• To enter type inside a bounding box, drag in the image to deﬁne the box. The type automatically wraps

Set type attributes You can use the options bar, Character palette, or Paragraph palette to specify various

type attributes, such as orientation, font, style, color, and alignment.

point you click.

to ﬁt inside the bounding box.

Enter text Enter the desired text using the keyboard, pressing Enter or Return to start new paragraphs.

You can continue to change type attributes in the options bar, the Character palette, or the Paragraph palette as you enter additional text.

In Photoshop, you must commit the type to its type layer before you can perform other operations. Click the Commit button ( ) in the options bar to commit the type.

ADOBE PHOTOSHOP 6.0

Editing type

Using the type tool in conjunction with the options bar, the Character palette, and the Paragraph palette, you can edit type directly as it appears in an image. In addition, you can apply special warp effects to the shape of type and make global edits to type layers.

Edit type content and attributes Select the type tool ( ), and click inside the desired type to

set an insertion point or drag to highlight the characters you want to edit. Then change the type content and attributes as desired. In Photoshop, click the Commit button ( ) in the options bar to commit the changes.

User Guide

Changing the font of a single character

Warp the shape of type The warp feature lets you creatively stretch and distort the shape of type.

Use the type tool to click inside the type you want to warp, and click the warp icon ( ) in the options bar. For Style, choose a warp effect. Specify whether to apply the warp horizontally or vertically, drag the sliders to adjust the intensity of the effect, and click OK.

Apply layer edits to type Because type resides on its own type layer, you can apply all sorts of

layer-speciﬁc edits to type—from changing the opacity and blending mode to adding layer styles. (See “Using layers” on page 22.)

Adobe Photoshop Basics

Preparing Web graphics

Designing Web graphics

Photoshop and ImageReady provide a rich set of tools for adding Web features to your images. Among other beneﬁts, you can divide an image into download-efﬁcient slices, deﬁne image maps directly in the image, and add interactive rollover effects.

Slice an image When you slice an image,

each rectangular slice downloads individually so that users can view parts of the image as the downloading progresses. You can also use slices to help keep ﬁle sizes down and deﬁne Web features such as links, rollovers, and animations. To slice an image, select the slice tool ( ) and drag in the image to deﬁne the slice areas. Photoshop or ImageReady automatically generates slices for the remaining areas of the image.

Slicing an image

Another way to deﬁne slices is by using the boundaries of layers. See “Enhanced slicing capabilities” on page 45 for more information.

Assign a URL link to a slice Assigning a URL to a slice makes the entire slice area a hotspot in the Web page,

with a link to the speciﬁed URL. Select the slice select tool ( ), and double-click the desired slice to display the Slice Options dialog box (Photoshop) or the Slice palette (ImageReady). Then enter the desired URL destination and, if needed, the target frame.

For information on setting other slice options such as message text and Alt tags, see “Enhanced slicing capabilities” on page 45.

(ImageReady) Create an image map Image maps let you add URL links to different areas of an image.

Select the rectangle image map tool ( ), and drag in the image to deﬁne the image map. Then select the image map selection tool ( ) and double-click the desired image map to display the Image Map palette. Enter a name and URL link destination for the image map. If desired, enter a target frame destination and text for an Alt tag.

ADOBE PHOTOSHOP 6.0

(ImageReady) Add a rollover effect Rollover effects display different states of an image when a viewer

performs a mouse action—such as rolling or clicking—over an area of the Web page. Layers provide an efﬁcient way to store different image states for rollovers.

Select the slice or image map to which you want to add the rollover, and choose Window > Show Rollover. The Rollover palette shows a single thumbnail representing the normal, inactivated state. Click the New State button ( ) at the bottom of the palette. From the pop-up menu above the new rollover thumbnail, choose the mouse action that you want to trigger the rollover. Then hide and show appropriate layers in the Layers palette to deﬁne the appearance of the new rollover state. (The rollover thumbnail updates to reﬂect the new appearance, which applies only to this rollover state.)

Creating animations (ImageReady)

With ImageReady, it’s easy to create multiple-frame animations from a single image. The key is to use the Animation palette in conjunction with the Layers palette to set up the composition of animation frames. To output your animated image for Web use, optimize the image in GIF format.

Set up the starting frame Choose Window > Show

Animation to display the Animation palette. Show and hide appropriate layers in the Layers palette to set up the contents of the starting animation frame. (The frame thumbnail updates to reﬂect the current image state, which applies only to this animation frame.)

User Guide

Set up additional frames Click the New Frame

button ( ) at the bottom of the Animation palette, and do one of the following:

• Using the Layers palette, modify the image to

create the state of the second animation frame. For example, you can show and hide appropriate layers and layer effects, reposition a layer in the image, or change a layer’s opacity or

Setting up animation frames

blending mode. Click the New Frame button and repeat this step to set up more frames.

Adobe Photoshop Basics

• Using the Layers palette, adjust the position, opacity, or layer effects of desired layers to create the

Preview the animation ImageReady offers the convenience of previewing your animation directly in the

image window. In the Animation palette, select the ﬁrst animation frame and then click the Play button ( ) at the bottom of the palette.

Optimizing Web graphics

Optimization involves compressing the ﬁle size while optimizing the display quality of an image for Web output. Photoshop and ImageReady let you optimize images in several Web ﬁle formats— GIF, JPEG, and PNG—and provide you with both basic and advanced controls for ﬁne-tuning the quality and compression level of the optimization. Because live previews of the optimized image are regenerated whenever an optimization setting is adjusted, you are free to experiment with different settings before committing to ﬁnal changes.

state of the ﬁnal animation frame. Then choose Tween from the Animation palette menu to have ImageReady generate intermediate frames from the starting and ending states you’ve deﬁned. Specify which layers and parameters to tween, enter the number of frames to generate, and click OK. The Tween feature is useful for generating a variety of animations, such as making a single layer move across the canvas or fade in or out.

Compare original and optimized images Choose File > Save for Web (Photoshop) or Window > Show

Optimize (ImageReady) to display the Web optimization settings. Click the Optimized tab above the image preview (Photoshop) or in the image window (ImageReady) to display how the image will appear on the Web using the current optimization settings. To display original and optimized previews side by side, click the 2-Up tab.

Choose an optimization set Photoshop and ImageReady provide a number of predeﬁned optimization

settings. To apply a predeﬁned optimization set, choose the desired set from the Settings menu in the Save for Web dialog box (Photoshop) or the Optimize palette (ImageReady).

ADOBE PHOTOSHOP 6.0

View optimized ﬁle information In Photoshop, you can view optimized ﬁle information—such as ﬁle size

and projected download time for various modem speeds—below the optimized preview in the Save for Web dialog box. In ImageReady, you can display two sets of ﬁle information in the status bar along the bottom edge of the image window. Click the triangle next to either information set to choose one of the optimized information display options.

User Guide

Optimizing a GIF image with 8 colors, shifted to Web-safe values

Fine-tune optimization settings You can further customize the optimization by adjusting individual

optimization settings. You can even name and save your customized settings as a new optimization set.

Save the optimized image Click OK in the Save for Web dialog box (Photoshop) or choose File > Save

Optimized As (ImageReady). For Format, choose one of the following options:

• Images Only generates only the optimized image ﬁles. If you have deﬁned slices in your image,

an optimized ﬁle is generated for each slice.

• HTML and Images generates an HTML ﬁle along with the optimized image ﬁles. If you have deﬁned

slices in your image, this HTML ﬁle contains code for the table that assembles the slices. If you are saving the image from ImageReady, the HTML ﬁle also contains code for any Web features—such as image maps, animations, or rollovers—that you have added to the image.

What’s New in Adobe Photoshop 6.0

Adobe Photoshop 6.0, along with the dedicated Web tool ImageReady 3.0, delivers powerful imageediting capabilities with a range of new features that offer something for every user. New capabilities include integrated vector-drawing tools to extend your creative range, expanded tools and features for Web-production tasks, and numerous interface enhancements to help you get to work quickly and use the Photoshop and ImageReady features more fully.

What’s New in Adobe Photoshop 6.0

Expand beyond pixels

Superb vector support

Photoshop 6.0 provides integrated tools for creating and outputting crisp, editable vector shapes and text. With these new tools, you can incorporate resolution-independent, vector-based graphics and type along with pixel-based images to achieve an unparalleled range of design effects. You can save vector data in EPS, DCS, TIFF, and PDF formats.

Shape tools The new rectangle, rounded rectangle, ellipse, polygon, custom shape, and line tools let you

create a wide variety of vector-based shapes. These tools let you create shapes in three forms: as work paths, as shape layers, or as painted pixels.

Shape editing Photoshop 6.0—like Adobe

Illustrator and other Adobe programs—also provides pathﬁnder operations for quickly combining basic vector shapes into hard-to-draw shapes. These operations include add, subtract, restrict, and invert. You can edit the segments of any basic or combined shape by using the direct selection, add anchor point, delete anchor point, and convert anchor point tools.

Adding to a basic shape and result after combining

ADOBE PHOTOSHOP 6.0

Storage of custom shapes Once you’ve created shapes that you want to use over again or share with

colleagues, you can save them as custom shapes. Photoshop stores custom shapes in a shape library that’s available from the options bar when you select the custom shape tool. Alternatively, you can use the Preset Manager to save custom shapes in separate shape libraries. Shape libraries are portable, so workgroups can easily design, share, and add to them.

Deﬁning and working with a custom shape

User Guide

Resolution-independent type With Photoshop 6.0, you can easily combine crisp, resolution-independent

type with pixel-based images and then output sharp type edges with your image to produce high-quality results.

Vector-based masks One powerful new vector feature involves using editable shapes to clip out or mask

image areas. Known as layer clipping paths, these shapes can be modiﬁed just like any other vector shapes using the direct selection, add anchor point, and delete anchor point tools. To produce a mix of hard and soft masking edges, simply combine layer clipping paths and layer masks on the same layer.

What’s New in Adobe Photoshop 6.0

Enhanced vector output

Creating vector graphics and type to incorporate into your images is only part of a complete workﬂow. Photoshop 6.0 provides complete support for outputting vector-based graphics along with your pixel-based images—all with the highest-quality printed results.

PostScript vector output You can print images containing resolution-independent shapes and text

directly to any PostScript output device.

Advanced PDF output Photoshop 6.0 extends its integration with Adobe products by offering enhanced

support for Adobe PDF, including the ability to save transparency, layers, and vector objects in PDF ﬁles. Any service provider with Adobe Acrobat prepare those PDF ﬁles for high-end printing.

Layer styles

Photoshop 6.0 presents an intuitive new layer effects interface, new effect options, and new support for saving combinations of layer effects as layer styles for ongoing use. Layer effects and styles update automatically as you edit your image and are particularly useful for designing type, buttons, and banners.

InProduction™ (or other Acrobat prepress plug-ins) can then

New and enhanced layer effects Photoshop 6.0 introduces a number of new and enhanced features for

layer effects, including the new stroke, overlay, and satin layer effects; a new contour option; advanced blending and transparency options; and enhancements to the drop shadow, inner shadow, glow, and bevel and emboss effects.

ADOBE PHOTOSHOP 6.0

New layer styles The new Layer Styles dialog box

shows at a glance which effects are applied to the currently selected layer. To add effects to a layer, you simply check each one you want in the list and specify appropriate settings.

Once you’ve designed a custom layer style, you can save it in the Styles palette for future use. Layer styles work just like layer effects, applying nondestructive changes that update automatically when you change layer contents. You can store styles in a default styles library or in your own style libraries

Deﬁning a new layer style

using the Preset Manager. Style libraries are portable, so you can share them with colleagues. Plus, Photoshop layer styles are compatible with ImageReady—you can open a Photoshop layer style library in ImageReady, and vice versa.

User Guide

Modifying an existing layer style

Easy application of layer styles Applying layer styles is easy: You create type, shapes, and other artwork

elements on a layer, and then click a style in the Styles palette to apply it. Or, select a shape tool, select the shape layer option and choose a layer style in the options bar, and then start drawing; the style is applied as you draw. The combination of layer styles and the new shape tools opens up a wide array of creative opportunities for print and Web designers alike.

What’s New in Adobe Photoshop 6.0

Interactive image warping

With the new Liquify command in Photoshop 6.0, you can quickly distort or warp an image by interactively pushing, pulling, rotating, enlarging, and shrinking different image areas. These distortion controls are ideal for a wide range of tasks from making ﬁne warping adjustments to a small image area to making sweeping adjustments for a wildly warped-out effect. When you open the Liquify dialog box, you can display a ﬁne mesh over the image to help you achieve precise adjustments. To prevent unwanted changes, freeze certain parts of the image and zero in on the areas you want to modify. To switch between large-scale changes and ﬁner adjustments, vary the size of the brush you’re using. The Liquify command also provides options for reconstructing the original image as needed.

Warping in Amplitwist mode

ADOBE PHOTOSHOP 6.0

Produce superb Web graphics

Enhanced slicing capabilities

Slicing images is the key to incorporating large or complex image ﬁles into your Web site because browsers can download and display sliced images more efﬁciently. You can also use slices as a basis for creating rollovers or setting up animations. Or, you can generate HTML pages directly from Photoshop, including the HTML table code necessary to reassemble the sliced image.

Direct Photoshop slicing With the new slice tool

and slice select tool, you can now deﬁne and edit slices directly in Photoshop 6.0. Create userdeﬁned slices by dragging over different image areas with the slice tool; Photoshop deﬁnes slices automatically for the areas you don’t deﬁne. You can modify many attributes of user-slices, including size, position, stacking order, and visibility.

Slices created with slice tool

User Guide

What’s New in Adobe Photoshop 6.0

Slice-speciﬁc formatting and optimization Sliced images give you more control over how optimization

options are applied because you can select separate slices and apply appropriate settings. An image that includes solid colors, text, and photographic images, for example, looks best with different settings applied to different areas. You can also assign a separate ﬁle name, URL link, Alt tag, and message to each slice. In ImageReady, you can link multiple slices together in a set, so you can quickly select, optimize, output, and delete only those slices.

Setting optimization options for an individual slice; assigning a URL, message text, and an Alt tag to a slice

Dynamic layer-based slices Photoshop 6.0 intro-

duces a new way to slice images: Set up your slice content on separate layers and then let Photoshop or ImageReady generate layer-based slices for you. When you slice images this way, each slice is bound to the outermost pixels on each layer. If you then reposition or edit the content of the layer, the slice adjusts dynamically to accommodate the changes. This technique is particularly useful for generating precise slices for rollovers.

Slice updates automatically when source layer is modiﬁed.

ADOBE PHOTOSHOP 6.0

Enhanced support for image maps and rollovers

ImageReady 3.0 provides new and enhanced support for creating image maps and rollover effects directly in an image.

Image map creation Using the new image map tools in conjunction with the new Image Map palette,

you can deﬁne image map areas in your image, complete with URL, target frame, and Alt text options. You can also deﬁne an image map based on the boundaries of a layer.

Rollover enhancements You can now save a

rollover as a style in the Styles palette. All of the rollover’s attributes, including its effects, slices, and states, are saved in the style, which you can reapply easily with a single click. Other enhancements include the sharing of color palettes between rollover states and the ability to preview rollovers directly in ImageReady.

User Guide

Creating a new rollover style

What’s New in Adobe Photoshop 6.0

Weighted optimization

Photoshop 6.0 incorporates new weighted optimization controls that let you use 8-bit alpha channels to smoothly vary compression settings across an image. This technique produces higher-quality results in critical image areas without sacriﬁcing ﬁle size. In the past, you would have made harder trade-offs, either favoring image quality in a complex image over smaller ﬁles sizes, or vice versa. Using channels, you can produce gradual variations in GIF dithering, lossy GIF settings, and JPEG compression. Weighted optimization controls also let you favor colors in selected image areas as you generate custom color palettes.

Improved Web workﬂow

Photoshop 6.0 and the built-in Web-production tool, ImageReady 3.0, are now more tightly integrated than ever, resulting in a powerful new tool combination for creating your Web graphics from start to ﬁnish. Adobe Photoshop 6.0 also offers improved integration with Adobe GoLive

Integrated optimization with Adobe GoLive 5.0 Adobe Photoshop 6.0 and Adobe GoLive 5.0 integrate

tightly to support your Web production process. Now you can add native Photoshop (PSD) ﬁles directly to the Adobe GoLive application without having to optimize them ﬁrst. Instead, you can use the built-in image optimization tools in the Adobe GoLive application to perform those steps.

™

5.0.

Automated updates with Adobe GoLive 5.0 Any URLs written by Photoshop or ImageReady are acces-

sible in Adobe GoLive for management and editing. You can even update edited URLs in the original Photoshop (PSD) ﬁle. You can also set up a sliced ﬁle, complete with rollovers and image maps, in ImageReady or Photoshop and then add the single PSD ﬁle to Adobe GoLive. Adobe GoLive automatically calls ImageReady or Photoshop to compile the sliced pieces and update edits you make to the image. Adobe GoLive also goes back to the original PSD ﬁle to generate the ﬁnal GIF or JPEG ﬁle for the Web page.

HTML integration with Adobe GoLive 5.0 When exporting sliced images, Photoshop and ImageReady

both generate a set of named image ﬁles and an HTML ﬁle with the table code necessary to reassemble the image. Alternatively, you can save sliced image ﬁles as CSS-based (cascading style sheet) objects. The highquality HTML code produced is ready to be copied into Adobe GoLive or another HTML editor. When exporting rollovers from ImageReady, select the Include GoLive Code option in the Save Optimized As dialog box for optimal results.

ADOBE PHOTOSHOP 6.0

Master Photoshop more quickly

Streamlined interface

Photoshop 6.0 introduces numerous interface enhancements designed to make it easier and more efﬁcient to use its powerful features.

Options bar Now, when you select a tool in the toolbox, all the options that control its behavior are easily

accessible in a context-sensitive options bar. For example, when you’re working with the shape or selection tools, you have access to modiﬁers such as add, subtract, restrict, and invert, which were previously available only by keyboard shortcuts. You can dock the options bar to the top or bottom of your screen or let it ﬂoat anywhere on your screen.

Palette docking and storage In Photoshop 6.0, you can dock palettes to each other. You can also store the

palettes you use most often in the palette well in the options bar, where they are readily available when you need them but out of your way when you’re focused on a task. When you want to display a palette in the well, click the palette’s tab; click again and the palette tucks out of sight.

User Guide

Improved color management and prooﬁng The new Edit > Color Settings command simpliﬁes ICC-

based color management by gathering controls in a single dialog box and offering a choice of predeﬁned color management settings based on common press and Web conditions. Based on Adobe Color Engine (ACE) technology, this color management workﬂow encompasses much of the RGB, CMYK, and Grayscale setup controls of previous Photoshop versions and offers improved integration with Adobe Illustrator 9.0 and other upcoming Adobe products. In addition, Photoshop 6.0 provides new controls for generating soft proofs of images on-screen and for printing hard proofs based on ICC color proﬁles.

What’s New in Adobe Photoshop 6.0

Enhanced layer management

Layers are more ﬂexible than ever in Photoshop 6.0. Now you can create hundreds of layers in an image to help arrange elements in an intricate composition. In addition, you can use an array of new features to help organize and manage layers more efﬁciently.

Layer sets You can organize layers into sets to keep better track of related parts. You can then toggle the

visibility of layer sets, hiding or showing them as you work, or move a layer set in the stacking order by dragging it in the Layers palette. And you can specify the opacity of an entire layer set.

Layer identiﬁcation and locking Color-coding

layers in the Layers palette lets you quickly identify layer relationships. Once your layers are set as desired, you can lock them to prevent accidental edits.

Layers palette enhancements The enhanced

Layers palette helps you handle layer effects more efﬁciently. If you assign a layer effect to one layer and want to reuse it on another, just drag and drop it on the target layer. All of the settings are preserved and instantly copied to the target layer.

Locking the selected layer

Fill layers You can now experiment with color, gradient, or pattern ﬁlls by adding them to a new type of

layer, called a ﬁll layer. Like adjustment layers, ﬁll layers apply nondestructive changes to the underlying image and can be modiﬁed or discarded at any time.

ADOBE PHOTOSHOP 6.0

Expanded text features

Photoshop 6.0 offers an expanded range of formatting options for both Roman and Asian text, as well as direct, on-canvas text editing. The new Character and Paragraph palettes make it easy to choose formatting options for your type.

Direct text editing in the image You can enter text and modify style directly in the image, without having

to toggle back and forth from a dialog box. If you rotate, scale, or skew your text in the image, the text remains editable.

Type warping The new type-warping feature lets you distort type layers in the form of special shapes such

as arcs and waves.

User Guide

Warping type using Arc style Setting paragraph formatting options

New paragraph options Extensive new options for styling paragraphs now appear in the new Paragraph

palette, which operates similarly to the Paragraph palette in Adobe InDesign™ and Adobe Illustrator. You can specify alignment, auto-leading, space before and after, hanging punctuation, and left-, right-, and ﬁrst-line indents on a per-paragraph basis.

What’s New in Adobe Photoshop 6.0

Hyphenation, justiﬁcation, and composition controls Photoshop provides professional-quality hyphen-

ation settings with control over the minimum word size, minimum number of characters before and after a hyphen, number of consecutive hyphens, and hyphenation zone. Photoshop also fully supports paragraph justiﬁcation with various option settings. Photoshop even supports the next generation of Adobe composition engines, offering you a choice of the every-line and single-line composers. The everyline composer sets multiple lines of text in relation to each other to ensure optimal line breaks, while the single-line composer handles one line of text at a time.

New character options With the controls in the new Character palette, you can apply color on a

per-character basis, scale characters vertically and horizontally, and set baseline shift. Plus, Photoshop fully supports OpenType fonts and their related features, such as all caps, small caps, superscript, and subscript. (Photoshop produces faux versions of these text options for non-OpenType fonts.) A new no-break option controls whether or not a range of characters wraps as a single word.

Formatting options for Asian type Photoshop 6.0 includes extensive Asian formatting controls such as the

following: Tsume for manual kerning and tracking; Tate-chu-yoko for setting horizontal text within vertical text; Kinsoku shori for setting word breaks; Burasagari for hanging punctuation; and Mojikumi for auto-kerning, tracking, and justiﬁcation.

ADOBE PHOTOSHOP 6.0

Preset Manager

The new Preset Manager centralizes management of your custom brushes, gradients, shapes, contours, patterns, and layer styles and offers instant access to extensive libraries of these elements included with Photoshop 6.0. When you create your own custom element, save it in a library ﬁle so that it can be accessed through the Preset Manager. Once you load a library in the Preset Manager, it becomes available whenever its elements are used in Photoshop—in the options bar, the Styles palette, the Gradient Editor dialog box, and other locations. Libraries can also be shared with colleagues to streamline their creative work.

User Guide

Using the Preset Manager

Other new and enhanced features

Annotations The new notes and audio annotation tools let you attach text and voice comments to images.

These annotations are supported in both Photoshop and Adobe Acrobat. You can also import annotations from a PDF document into a Photoshop image.

Control of nonprinting elements The new View > Show Extras and Hide Extras commands let you

globally control the display of nonprinting elements such as guides, grids, target paths, selection edges, slices, image maps, text bounding boxes, text selections, and annotations. Commands for controlling the display and snapping behavior of speciﬁc nonprinting element types are grouped under the new View > Show and View > Snap To submenus.

Perspective cropping The crop tool offers a new Perspective option, which lets you correct perspective

distortions as you crop an image.

What’s New in Adobe Photoshop 6.0

WebDAV workﬂow management New commands under the File > Manage Workﬂow submenu let you

manage ﬁles using the Web Distributed Authoring and Versioning (WebDAV) server technology.

Cascading style sheets You can now generate a cascading style sheet along with an HTML ﬁle when saving

an optimized image.

Expanded ﬁle format support You can now preserve layers, transparency, and multiresolution pyramid

data in exported TIFF ﬁles and choose from more TIFF compression options. The File > Import > PDF Image command lets you import speciﬁc images into Photoshop from a PDF document.

Reorganized and expanded print options The new File > Print Options command gathers together many

of the output and color management options that once only appeared in the Page Setup and Print dialog boxes. In addition, you can now adjust and preview the position and scale of an image before printing.

Photoshop droplets In Photoshop, the new File > Automate > Create Droplet command lets you create a

droplet from an action.

Gradient Map adjustment The new Gradient Map adjustment layer lets you map the tonal range of an

image to the colors of a gradient ﬁll.

Expanded support for 16-bit-per-channel images In Photoshop, the following tools and commands are

now available for images containing 16 bits per channel: the history brush, slice, and shape tools, and the Canvas Size, Auto Contrast, Gradient Map, Gaussian Blur, Add Noise, Median, Unsharp Mask, High Pass, and Dust & Scratches commands.

Easy measurement switching Now you can switch the units of measurement for your rulers on the ﬂy.

Just right-click (Windows) or Control-click (Mac OS) the rulers and choose the measurement unit you want from the context menu. In addition, whenever you are asked to enter measurement values for a tool or dialog box, you can use any combination of units you want—for example, 2 inches by 45 pixels for a rectangle.

Enhanced multiple-image options The Contact Sheet II command offers more label options, the Picture

Package command offers an enhanced set of layout options, and the Web Photo Gallery lets you choose from a variety of customizable HTML templates.

Moved preferences The preference commands now appear under the Edit menu.

Chapter 1: Looking at the Work Area

he Adobe Photoshop and Adobe ImageReady work area includes the

command menus at the top of your screen and a variety of tools and palettes for editing and adding elements to your image. You can also add commands and ﬁlters to the menus by installing third-party software known as plug-in modules.

Using the toolbox

The ﬁrst time you start the application, the toolbox appears on the left side of the screen. Some tools in the toolbox have options that appear in the context-sensitive tool options bar. (See “Using the tool options bar” on page 59.) These include the tools that let you use type, select, paint, draw, sample, edit, move, annotate, and view images. Other tools in the toolbox allow you to change foreground/background colors, go to Adobe Online, work in different modes, and jump between Photoshop and ImageReady applications.

For an overview of each tool, see the

“Toolbox overview” topics in online Help. For information on the foreground and background color controls, see “Choosing foreground and background colors” in online Help.

Displaying and working with tools

You select a tool by clicking its icon in the toolbox. A small triangle at the lower right of a tool icon indicates hidden tools. Positioning the pointer over a tool displays a tool tip with the tool’s name and keyboard shortcut.

To show or hide the toolbox:

Choose Window > Show Tools or Window > Hide Tools.

To move the toolbox:

Drag the toolbox by its title bar.

To select a tool:

Do one of the following:

• To select a visible tool, click its icon or press its

keyboard shortcut.

• To select a hidden tool, position the pointer

on the visible tool and hold down the mouse button until the tools list appears. Then, click the tool you want.

To cycle through a set of hidden tools, hold

down Shift and press the visible tool’s shortcut key. To enable or disable this option, choose Edit > Preferences > General, then select or deselect Use Shift Key for Tool Switch.

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Looking at the Work Area

To view or move a hidden tools list (ImageReady):

1 Position the pointer on the visible tool and

hold down the mouse button until the hidden tools list appears.

2 Select the small downward-pointing triangle at

the bottom of the hidden tools list. A hidden tools list appears and remains open until you click the close box. You can view more than one hidden tools list simultaneously.

3 Drag the hidden tools list by its title bar to move

it anywhere on your desktop.

To display or hide tool tips:

1 Choose Edit > Preferences > General, then

select or deselect Show Tool Tips. Show Tool Tips is the default.

To enable or disable cycling through a set of hidden tools:

Choose Edit > Preferences > General, then select or deselect Use Shift Key for Tool Switch.

Using the tool pointers

When you select most tools, the mouse pointer matches the tool’s icon. The marquee pointer appears by default as cross-hairs, the text tool pointer as an I-beam, and painting tools default to the Brush Size icon.

Each default pointer has a different hot spot, where an effect or action in the image begins. With all tools except the move tool, annotation tools, and the type tool, you can switch to precise cursors, which appear as cross-hairs centered around the hot spot.

To set the tool pointer appearance:

1 Do one of the following:

• (Photoshop) Choose Edit > Preferences >

Display & Cursors.

• (ImageReady) Choose Edit > Preferences >

Cursors.

2 Choose a tool pointer setting:

• Click Standard under Painting Cursors, Other

Cursors, or both to display pointers as tool icons.

• Click Precise under Painting Cursors, Other

Cursors, or both to display pointers as cross-hairs.

• Click Brush Size under Painting Cursors to

display the painting tool cursors as brush shapes representing the size of the current brush. Brush Size cursors may not display for very large brushes.

3 Click OK.

The Painting Cursors options control the pointers for the following tools:

• (Photoshop) Eraser, pencil, airbrush, paint-

brush, rubber stamp, pattern stamp, smudge, blur, sharpen, dodge, burn, and sponge tools.

• (ImageReady) Paintbrush, pencil,

and eraser tools.

ADOBE PHOTOSHOP 6.0

User Guide

The Other Cursors options control the pointers for the following tools:

• (Photoshop) Marquee, lasso, polygon lasso,

magic wand, crop, slice, eyedropper, pen, gradient, line, paint bucket, magnetic lasso, magnetic pen, measure, and color sampler tools.

• (ImageReady) Marquee, lasso, magic wand,

eyedropper, paint bucket, and slice tools.

To toggle between standard and precise cursors in some tool pointers, press Caps Lock. Press

Caps Lock again to return to your original setting.

Using the tool options bar

Most tools have options that are displayed in the tool options bar. The options bar is context sensitive and changes as different tools are selected. Some settings in the options bar are common to several tools (such as painting modes and opacity), and some are speciﬁc to one tool (such as the Auto Erase setting for the pencil tool).

You can move the options bar anywhere in the work area. In Photoshop, you can dock it at the top or bottom of the screen.

(Photoshop) The options bar includes a palette well for storing other palettes, providing quick access to palettes such as Swatches and Actions that you reference brieﬂy while using the application. The palette well is only available when using a screen resolution greater than 800 pixels x 600 pixels (a setting of at least 1024 x 768 is recommended).

To display the tool options bar:

Do one of the following:

• Choose Window > Show Options.

• Single-click a tool in the toolbox.

Note: You can double-click the title bar at the left edge to collapse the options bar, showing only the tool icon.

Lasso options bar

To return a tool or all tools to the default settings:

Do one of the following:

• Click the tool icon on the options bar, then

choose Reset Tool or Reset All Tools from the context menu.

• Choose Edit > Preferences > General, then click

Reset All Tools.

To move the options bar:

Do one of the following:

• Drag the title bar at the left edge of the

options bar.

• (Photoshop) Grab the gripper bar at the left edge

of the options bar. The gripper bar will only appear if the options bar is docked at the top or bottom of your screen.

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Looking at the Work Area

To store other palettes in the options bar (Photoshop):

Drag the desired palette’s tab into the palette well so that the palette well is highlighted.

Palettes are considered hidden when stored in the options bar. The Window menu item associated with a stored palette will say Show when it is stored. Clicking on the title of a palette stored in the well shows the palette until you click outside the palette.

Using palettes

Palettes help you monitor and modify images. By default, palettes appear stacked together in groups.

Displaying palettes

You can display or hide palettes as you work.

To show or hide palettes:

Do one of the following:

• To show or hide all open palettes, the options

bar, and the toolbox, press Tab.

• To show or hide all palettes, press Shift+Tab.

Changing the palette display

You can rearrange your palettes to make better use of your work area by using the following techniques:

• To make a palette appear at the front of its group,

click the palette’s tab, or choose Window > Show.

• To move an entire palette group, drag its title bar.

• To rearrange or separate a palette group, drag a

palette’s tab. Dragging a palette outside of an existing group creates a new group.

• To move a palette to another group, drag the

palette’s tab to that group.

• To display a palette menu, position the pointer

on the triangle ( ) in the upper right corner of the palette, and press the mouse button.

• To change the size of a palette, drag any corner of

the palette (Windows) or drag the size box at its lower right corner (Mac OS). Not all palettes can be resized.

• To collapse a group to palette titles only, click the

Minimize/Maximize box (Windows) or the Zoom box (Mac OS), or double-click a palette’s tab. You can still access the menu of a collapsed palette.

To show or hide one palette:

Choose Window > Show to display the selected palette at the front of its group. Or, choose Window > Hide to conceal the entire group of which the selected palette is a part.

Click to collapse or expand palette. A. Windows B. Mac OS

ADOBE PHOTOSHOP 6.0

User Guide

• (ImageReady) To show or hide options

for palettes that include hidden options (the Optimize, Color, Type, Layer Options, and Slice palettes), click the Show Options button ( ) on the palette tab to cycle through palette displays, or choose Show Options or Hide Options from the palette menu.

Docking palettes together

Docking palettes together lets you view multiple palettes at the same time and move them as a group. Entire palette groups cannot be docked together at once, but you can dock the palettes from one group to another, one at a time.

In Photoshop, you can also store palettes in the palette well of the tool options bar. (See “Using

the tool options bar” on page 59.)

To dock palettes together:

Drag a palette’s tab to the bottom of another palette so that the bottom of the target palette is highlighted.

To move an entire docked group, drag its title bar.

To reset palettes to the default positions:

Do one of the following:

• (Photoshop) Choose Edit > Preferences >

General, and select Save Palette Locations.

• (Photoshop) Choose Window > Reset

Palette Locations.

• (ImageReady) Choose Window > Arrange >

Reset Palettes.

To always start with the default palette and dialog box positions:

1 Choose Edit > Preferences > General.

2 Deselect Save Palette Locations. The change

takes effect the next time you start the application.

Using pop-up sliders

A number of palettes and dialog boxes contain settings that use pop-up sliders (for example, the Opacity option in the Layers palette).

To use a pop-up slider:

Do one of the following:

Setting the positions of palettes and dialog boxes

The positions of all open palettes and moveable dialog boxes are saved when you exit the application. Alternatively, you can always start with default palette positions or restore default positions at any time.

• Position the pointer over the triangle next to the

setting, hold down the mouse, and drag the slider or angle radius to the desired value.

• Click the triangle next to the setting to open the

pop-up slider box, and drag the slider or angle radius to the desired value. Click outside the slider box or press Enter or Return to close the slider box. To cancel changes, press the Escape key (Esc).

To increase or decrease values in 10% incre-

ments when the pop-up slider box is open, hold down Shift and press the Up or Down arrow key.

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Looking at the Work Area

Using pop-up palettes

Pop-up palettes provide easy access to libraries of brushes, swatches, gradients, styles, patterns, contours, and shapes. You can customize pop-up palettes by renaming and deleting items and by loading, saving, and replacing libraries. You can also change the display of a pop-up palette to view items by their names, as thumbnail icons, or with both names and icons.

The Brush pop-up palette in the options bar.

To select an item in a pop-up palette:

1 Click the triangle next to the thumbnail image

of the current item. Be careful not to click the thumbnail image—doing so will display the settings editor for the item.

2 Click an item in the pop-up palette.

To rename an item in a pop-up palette:

1 Do one of the following:

• Double-click an item.

• Select an item, click the triangle ( ) in the

upper right corner of the pop-up palette, and choose the Rename command from the palette menu.

2 Enter a new name in the provided dialog box,

and click OK.

To delete an item in a pop-up palette:

Do one of the following:

• Select an item, click the triangle ( ) in the

upper right corner of the pop-up palette, and choose the Delete command from the palette menu.

• Hold down Alt (Windows) or Option (Mac OS)

and click an item.

To customize the list of items in a pop-up palette:

1 Click the triangle ( ) in the upper right corner

of the pop-up palette to view the palette menu.

2 To return to the default library, choose the Reset

command. You can either replace the current list or append the default library to the current list.

3 To load a different library, do one of

the following:

• Choose the Load command to add a library to

the current list. Then select the library ﬁle you want to use, and click Load.

• Choose the Replace command to replace the

current list with a different library. Then select the library ﬁle you want to use, and click Load.

• Choose a library ﬁle (displayed at the

bottom of the palette menu). Then click OK to replace the current list, or click Append to append the current list.

ADOBE PHOTOSHOP 6.0

User Guide

4 To save the current list as a library for later use,

choose the Save command. Then enter a name for the library ﬁle, and click Save.

You can specify that a ﬁle extension is always

appended to a library ﬁle by choosing Edit > Preferences > Saving Files, and setting Append File Extension to Always. You should put the extension on a library ﬁlename so that you can easily share the libraries across operating systems.

To change the display of items in a pop-up palette:

1 Click the triangle ( ) in the upper right corner

of the pop-up palette to view the palette menu.

2 Select a view option: Text Only, Small

Thumbnail, Large Thumbnail, Small List, and Large List.

Using the Info palette

The Info palette displays information about the color values beneath the pointer and, depending on the tool in use, other useful measurements.

To display the Info palette:

Choose Window > Show Info.

(Photoshop) The Info palette displays the following information:

• When displaying CMYK values, the Info

palette displays an exclamation point next to the CMYK values if the color beneath the pointer or color sampler is out of the printable CMYK color gamut.

For more information, see “Identifying out-of-gamut colors (Photoshop) in

online Help.

• When you use the marquee tool, the Info palette

displays the x- and y-coordinates of the pointer position and the width (W) and height (H) of the marquee as you drag.

• When you use the crop tool or zoom tool, the

Info palette displays the width (W) and height (H) of the marquee as you drag. The palette also shows the angle of rotation of the crop marquee.

• When you use the line tool, pen tool, or gradient

tool or when you move a selection, the Info palette displays the x- and y-coordinates of your starting position, the change in X (DX), the change in Y (DY), the angle (A), and the distance (D) as you drag.

• When you use a two-dimensional transfor-

mation command, the Info palette displays the percentage change in width (W) and height (H), the angle of rotation (A), and the angle of horizontal skew (H) or vertical skew (V).

• When you use any color adjustment dialog box

(for example, Curves), the Info palette displays the before and after color values of the pixels beneath the pointer and beneath color samplers.

For more information, see “Seeing the color values of pixels (Photoshop)” in

online Help.

(ImageReady) The Info palette displays the following information:

• The RGB numeric values for the color beneath

the pointer.

• The Opacity value for the pixels beneath

the pointer.

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Looking at the Work Area

• The hexadecimal value for the color beneath the

pointer.

• The index color table position for the color

beneath the pointer.

• The x- and y-coordinates of the pointer.

• The x- and y-coordinates of your starting

position (before you click in the image) and your ending position (as you drag in the image) when you use the marquee tool, the shape tools, the crop tool, and the slice tool.

• The width (W) and height (H) of the selection as

you drag when you use the crop tool, the shape tools, the slice tool, or the zoom tool.

• The percentage change in width (W) and height

(H), the angle of rotation (A), and the angle of horizontal skew (H) or vertical skew (V) when you use a Transform or Free Transform command.

To change the Info palette options:

1 Choose Palette Options from the Info palette

menu.

2 For First Color Readout, choose one of the

following display options:

• Actual Color to display values in the current

color mode of the image.

• Total Ink to display the total percentage of all

CMYK ink at the pointer’s current location, based on the values set in the CMYK Setup dialog box.

• Opacity to display the opacity of the current

layer. This option does not apply to the background.

• Any other option to display the color values in

that color mode.

3 For Second Color Readout, choose a display

option listed in step 2.

4 For Ruler Units, choose a unit of measurement.

5 Click OK.

To change measurement units, click the

cross-hair icon in the Info palette for a menu of options. To change color readout modes, click the eyedropper icon.

Using context menus

In addition to the menus at the top of your screen, context-sensitive menus display commands relevant to the active tool, selection, or palette.

To display context menus:

1 Position the pointer over an image or

palette item.

2 Click with the right mouse button (Windows)

or hold down Control and press the mouse button (Mac OS).

Viewing images

The hand tool, the zoom tools, the Zoom commands, and the Navigator palette let you view different areas of an image at different magniﬁcations. You can open additional windows to display several views at once (such as different magniﬁcations) of an image. You can also change the screen display mode to change the appearance of the Photoshop or ImageReady work area.

ADOBE PHOTOSHOP 6.0

User Guide

Changing the screen display mode

The window controls let you change the screen display mode, including menu bar, title bar, and scroll bar options.

To change the screen display mode:

Click a screen mode button in the toolbox:

• The left button ( ) displays the default

window with a menu bar at the top and scroll bars on the sides.

• The center button ( ) displays a full-screen

window with a menu bar and a 50% gray background, but no title bar or scroll bars.

• The right button ( ) displays a full-screen

window with a black background, but no title bar, menu bar, or scroll bars.

Using the document window

The document window is where your image appears. Depending on the screen display mode (see “Changing the screen display mode” on page 65), the document window may include a title bar and scroll bar.

In ImageReady, the document window allows you to switch easily between original and optimized views of an image using tabs, and to view the original image and multiple versions of an optimized image simultaneously. For information on changing the view in the document window, see “Viewing images during optimization” on page 316.

You can open multiple windows to display different views of the same ﬁle. A list of open windows appears in the Window menu. Available memory may limit the number of windows per image.

To open multiple views of the same image:

Do one of the following:

• Choose View > New View.

• (ImageReady) Drag any tab away from the

document window.

To arrange multiple windows (Windows only):

Do one of the following:

• Choose Window > Cascade (Photoshop) or

Window > Arrange > Cascade (ImageReady) to display windows stacked and cascading from the upper left to the lower right of the screen.

• Choose Window > Tile (Photoshop) or

Window > Arrange > Tile (ImageReady)to display windows edge to edge.

• Choose Window > Arrange Icons (Photoshop)

or Window > Arrange > Arrange Icons (ImageReady) to align minimized images along the bottom of the work area.

To close windows:

Choose a command:

• Choose File > Close to close the active window.

• (Windows) Choose Window > Close All to close

all windows.

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Looking at the Work Area

Navigating the view area

If the entire image is not visible in the document window, you can navigate to bring another area of the image into view.

In Photoshop, you can also use the Navigator palette to quickly change the view of an image.

To view another area of an image:

Do one of the following:

• Use the window scroll bars.

• Select the hand tool ( ) and drag to pan over

the image.

To use the hand tool while another tool is selected, hold down the spacebar as you drag in

the image.

To move the view of an image using the Navigator palette (Photoshop):

1 Choose Window > Show Navigator.

2 Do one of the following:

• Drag the view box in the thumbnail of the

image, which represents the boundaries of the image window.

• Click in the thumbnail of the image. The new

view includes the area you click.

To change the color of the Navigator palette view box (Photoshop):

1 Choose Palette Options from the Navigator

palette menu.

2 Choose a color:

• To use a preset color, choose an option for Color.

• To specify a different color, click the color box,

and choose a color.

For more information on choosing colors, see “Using the Adobe Color Picker” in

online Help.

3 Click OK.

Magnifying and reducing the view

You can magnify or reduce your view using various methods. The window’s title bar displays the zoom percentage (unless the window is too small for the display to ﬁt), as does the status bar at the bottom of the window.

Note: The 100% view of an image displays an image as it will appear in a browser (based on the monitor resolution and the image resolution). (See “About image size and resolution” on page 92.)

To zoom in:

Do one of the following:

• Select the zoom tool ( ). The pointer becomes a

magnifying glass with a plus sign in its center ( ). Click the area you want to magnify. Each click magniﬁes the image to the next preset percentage, centering the display around the point you click. When the image has reached its maximum magniﬁcation level of 6400%, the magnifying glass appears empty.

ADOBE PHOTOSHOP 6.0

User Guide

• Choose View > Zoom In to magnify to the

next preset percentage. When the image has reached its maximum magniﬁcation level, the command is dimmed.

• (Photoshop) Enter a magniﬁcation level in the

Zoom text box at the lower left of the window.

• (ImageReady) Click on the Zoom Level pop-up

menu at the bottom left of the document window, and choose a zoom level.

To zoom out:

Do one of the following:

• Select the zoom tool. Hold down Alt (Windows)

or Option (Mac OS) to activate the zoom-out tool. The pointer becomes a magnifying glass with a minus sign in its center ( ). Click the center of the area of the image you want to reduce. Each click reduces the view to the previous preset percentage. When the ﬁle has reached its maximum reduction level so that only 1 pixel is visible horizontally or vertically, the magnifying glass appears empty.

• Choose View > Zoom Out to reduce to the

previous preset percentage. When the image reaches its maximum reduction level, the command is dimmed.

• (Photoshop) Enter a reduction level in the Zoom

text box at the lower left of the window.

• (ImageReady) Click on the Zoom Level pop-up

menu at the lower left of the document window, and choose a zoom level.

To magnify by dragging:

1 Select the zoom tool.

2 Drag over the part of the image you want

to magnify.

The area inside the zoom marquee is displayed at the highest possible magniﬁcation. To move the marquee around the artwork in Photoshop, begin dragging a marquee and then hold down the space bar while dragging the marquee to a new location.

To display an image at 100%:

Do one of the following:

• Double-click the zoom tool.

• Choose View > Actual Pixels (Photoshop)

or View > Actual Size (ImageReady).

To change the view to ﬁt the screen:

Do one of the following:

• Double-click the hand tool.

• Choose View > Fit on Screen.

These options scale both the zoom level and the window size to ﬁt the available screen space.

To automatically resize the window when magnifying or reducing the view:

With the Zoom tool active, select Resize Windows to Fit in the options bar. The window resizes when you magnify or reduce the view of the image.

When Resize Windows to Fit is deselected (the default), the window maintains a constant size regardless of the image’s magniﬁcation. This can be helpful when using smaller monitors or working with tiled views.

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Looking at the Work Area

To automatically resize the window when magnifying or reducing the view using keyboard shortcuts:

Choose Edit > Preferences > General, then select the Keyboard Zoom Resizes Windows preference.

Correcting mistakes

Most operations can be undone if you make a mistake. Alternatively, you can restore all or part of an image to its last saved version. But available memory may limit your ability to use these options.

For information on how to restore your image to how it looked at any point in the current work session, see “Reverting to any state of an image” on page 69.

To undo the last operation:

Choose Edit > Undo.

If an operation can’t be undone, the command is dimmed and changes to Can’t Undo.

To redo the last operation:

Choose Edit > Redo.

You can set the Redo keystroke preference to be

the same for Photoshop and ImageReady. Choose Edit > Preferences > General and select a preference for the Redo key. You can also set the key to toggle between Undo and Redo.

To free memory used by the Undo command, the History palette, or the Clipboard:

Choose Edit > Purge, and choose the item type or buffer you want to clear. If already empty, the item type or buffer is dimmed.

Important: The Purge command permanently clears from memory the operation stored by the command or buffer; it cannot be undone. For example, choosing Edit > Purge > Histories deletes all history states from the History palette. Use the Purge command when the amount of information held in memory is so large that Photoshop’s performance is noticeably diminished.

To revert to the last saved version:

Choose File > Revert.

Note: Revert is added as a history state in the History palette and can be undone.

To restore part of an image to its previously saved version (Photoshop):

Do one of the following:

• Use the history brush tool ( ) to paint with the

selected state or snapshot on the History palette.

For more information, see “Painting with a state or snapshot of an image (Photoshop)”

in online Help.

• Use the eraser tool ( ) with the Erase to History

option selected.

For more information, see “Using the eraser tool” in online Help.

ADOBE PHOTOSHOP 6.0

User Guide

• Select the area you want to restore, and choose

Edit > Fill. For Use, choose History, and click OK.

For more information, see “Filling and stroking selections and layers” in

online Help.

Note: To restore the image with a snapshot of the initial state of the document, choose History Options from the Palette menu and make sure that the Automatically Create First Snapshot option is on.

Reverting to any state of an image

The History palette lets you jump to any recent state of the image created during the current working session. Each time you apply a change to an image, the new state of that image is added to the palette.

For example, if you select, paint, and rotate part of an image, each of those states is listed separately in the palette. You can then select any of the states, and the image will revert to how it looked when that change was ﬁrst applied. You can then work from that state.

About the History palette

Note the following guidelines when using the History palette:

• Program-wide changes, such as changes to

palettes, color settings, actions, and preferences, are not changes to a particular image and so are not added to the History palette.

• By default, the History palette lists the previous

20 states. Older states are automatically deleted to free more memory for Photoshop. To keep a particular state throughout your work session, make a snapshot of the state. (See “Making a snapshot of an image (Photoshop)” on page 72.)

• Once you close and reopen the document,

all states and snapshots from the last working session are cleared from the palette.

• By default, a snapshot of the initial state of the

document is displayed at the top of the palette.

• States are added from the top down. That is, the

oldest state is at the top of the list, the most recent one at the bottom.

• Each state is listed with the name of the tool or

command used to change the image.

• By default, selecting a state dims those below.

This way you can easily see which changes will be discarded if you continue working from the selected state. For information on customizing the history options, see “Setting history options (Photoshop)” on page 71.

• By default, selecting a state and then changing

the image eliminates all states that come after.

• If you select a state and then change the image,

eliminating the states that came after, you can use the Undo command to undo the last change and restore the eliminated states.

• By default, deleting a state deletes that state and

those that came after it. If you choose the Allow Non-Linear History option, deleting a state deletes just that state. (See “Setting history options (Photoshop)” on page 71.)

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Using the History Palette

You can use the History palette to revert to a previous state of an image, to delete an image’s states, and in Photoshop, to create a document from a state or snapshot.

A B

E F G

A. Sets the source for the history brush B. Thumbnail of a snapshot C. History state D. History state slider E. Create new document

from current state button F. Create new snapshot button G. Trash button

To display the History palette:

Choose Window > Show History, or click the History palette tab.

To revert to a previous state of an image:

Do any of the following:

• (Photoshop) Choose Step Forward or Step

Backward from the palette menu or the Edit menu to move to the next or previous state.

To delete one or more states of the image (Photoshop):

Do one of the following:

• Click the name of the state, and choose Delete

from the History palette menu to delete that change and those that came after it.

• Drag the state to the Trash button ( ) to delete

that change and those that came after it.

• Choose Clear History from the palette menu to

delete the list of states from the History palette, without changing the image. This option doesn’t reduce the amount of memory used by Photoshop.

• Hold down Alt (Windows) or Option (Mac OS),

and choose Clear History from the palette menu to purge the list of states from the History palette without changing the image. If you get a message that Photoshop is low on memory, purging states is useful, since the command deletes the states from the Undo buffer and frees up memory.

Important: This action cannot be undone.

• Choose Edit > Purge > Histories to purge the list

of states from the History palette for all open documents.

Important: This action cannot be undone.

• Click the name of the state.

• Drag the slider at the left of the state up or down

to a different state.

ADOBE PHOTOSHOP 6.0

User Guide

To delete all of an image’s states (ImageReady):

Choose Clear Undo/Redo History from the History palette menu.

Important: This action cannot be undone.

To create a new document from the selected state or snapshot of the image (Photoshop):

Do one of the following:

• Drag a state or snapshot onto the New

Document button ( ).

• Select a state or snapshot, and click the New

Document button.

• Select a state or snapshot, and choose New

Document from the History palette menu.

The history list for the newly created document will be empty.

To save one or more snapshots or image states

for use in a later editing session, create a new ﬁle for each state you save, and save each in a separate ﬁle. When you reopen your original ﬁle, plan to open the other saved ﬁles also. You can drag each ﬁle’s initial snapshot to the original image and thus access the snapshots again from the original image’s History palette.

To replace an existing document with a selected state (Photoshop):

Drag the state onto the document.

Setting history options (Photoshop)

You can specify the maximum number of items to include in the History palette and set other options that customize the way you work with the palette.

To set history options:

1 Choose History Options from the History

palette menu.

2 Select an option:

• Automatically Create First Snapshot to automat-

ically create a snapshot of the initial state of the image when the document is opened.

• Automatically Create New Snapshot When

Saving to generate a snapshot every time you save.

• Allow Non-Linear History to make changes to a

selected state without deleting the states that come after. Normally, when you select a state and change the image, all states that come after the selected one are deleted. This enables the History palette to display a list of the editing steps in the order you made them. By recording states in a nonlinear way, you can select a state, make a change to the image, and delete just that state. The change will be appended at the end of the list.

• Show New Snapshot Dialog By Default to force

Photoshop to prompt you for snapshot names even when using the buttons on the palette.

3 Click OK.

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Making a snapshot of an image (Photoshop)

The Snapshot command lets you make a temporary copy (or snapshot) of any state of the image. The new snapshot is added to the list of snapshots at the top of the History palette. Selecting a snapshot lets you work from that version of the image.

Important: Snapshots are not saved with the image—closing an image deletes its snapshots. Also, unless you select the Allow Non-Linear History option, selecting a snapshot and changing the image deletes all of the states currently listed in the History palette.

Snapshots let you do the following:

• Switch repeatedly between several states.

By taking a temporary snapshot of a state, you can keep that state for the entire work session, even if the original state is deleted from the list of states in the History palette.

• Give a unique name to states to make them easier

to identify.

• Experiment more freely. For example, you may

want to compare two different techniques for achieving a similar effect. You can take a snapshot before and after trying the ﬁrst technique. You can then select the ﬁrst snapshot, try the second technique on it, and then compare snapshots of each technique.

• Take a snapshot before creating or applying an

action. Then you can recover your work more easily if you decide later you don’t like the action. Each step in an action is added to the list of states on the History palette. An action with many steps

could scroll the current states off the palette, so that you could not return to any of them. Using the Undo command lets you undo only one step and state. By making a snapshot ﬁrst, you can select and redisplay the pre-action image.

To create a snapshot:

1 Select a state.

2 To automatically create a snapshot, click the

New Snapshot button ( ) on the History palette, or if Automatically Create New Snapshot When Saving is selected in the history options, choose New Snapshot from the History palette menu.

3 To set options when creating a snapshot, choose

New Snapshot from the History palette menu, or Alt-click (Windows) or Option-click (Mac OS) the New Snapshot button.

4 Enter the name of the Snapshot in the Name

text box.

5 For From, select the snapshot contents:

• Full Document to make a snapshot of all layers in

the image at that state.

• Merged Layers to make a snapshot that merges

all layers in the image at that state.

• Current Layer to make a snapshot of only the

currently selected layer at that state.

6 Click OK.

To select a snapshot:

Do any of the following:

• Click the name of the snapshot.

• Drag the slider at the left of the snapshot up or

down to a different snapshot.

ADOBE PHOTOSHOP 6.0

User Guide

To rename a snapshot:

Double-click the snapshot and enter a name.

To delete a snapshot:

Do one of the following:

• Select the snapshot, and choose Delete from the

palette menu.

• Select the snapshot, and click the Trash

button ( ).

• Drag the snapshot to the Trash button.

For more information, see “Painting with a state or snapshot of an image (Photoshop)

in online Help.

Duplicating images

You can duplicate an entire image (including all layers, layer masks, and channels) into available memory without saving to disk. In ImageReady, you can also duplicate optimized versions of an image.

Using duplicates in ImageReady lets you

experiment and then compare several versions of the optimized image to the original.

To duplicate an image (Photoshop):

1 Open the image you want to duplicate.

2 Choose Image > Duplicate.

3 Enter a name for the duplicated image.

4 To duplicate the image without layers, select

Duplicate Merged Layers Only.

5 Click OK.

To duplicate an image in Photoshop and

automatically append the name “copy” to its ﬁlename, hold down Alt (Windows) or Option (Mac OS) when you choose Image > Duplicate.

To duplicate an original image (ImageReady):

1 Open the image you want to duplicate.

2 Select the Original tab at the top of the

image window.

3 Hold down Alt (Windows) or Option

(Mac OS), and drag the Original tab from the image window, or choose Image > Duplicate.

4 Name the duplicate, specify whether to ﬂatten

the layers, and click OK.

To duplicate an optimized image (ImageReady):

1 Open the image you want to duplicate.

2 Select the Optimized tab at the top of the image

window.

3 Hold down Alt (Windows) or Option

(Mac OS), and drag the Optimized tab from the image window, or choose Image > Duplicate Optimized.

4 Name the duplicate, and click OK.

Note: When you duplicate an image in Optimized, 2-Up, or 4-Up view, the duplicate image appears in the Original view in the duplicate image window. If you want a duplicate optimized image to appear in the Optimized, 2-Up, or 4-Up view, duplicate the original image, and then select the Optimized, 2-Up, or 4-Up tab in the duplicate image window.

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Using rulers, the measure tool, guides, and the grid

Rulers, the measure tool, guides, and the grid help you position images or elements precisely across the width or length of an image.

Note: You can also align and distribute parts of an image using the Layers palette. (See “Moving and aligning the contents of layers” on page 214.)

Using rulers

When visible, rulers appear along the top and left side of the active window. Markers in the ruler display the pointer’s position when you move it. Changing the ruler origin (the (0, 0) mark on the top and left rulers) lets you measure from a speciﬁc point on the image. The ruler origin also determines the grid’s point of origin.

To display or hide rulers:

Choose View > Show Rulers or View > Hide Rulers.

To change the rulers’ zero origin:

1 To snap the ruler origin to guides, slices,

or Document bounds, choose View > Snap To, then choose any combination of options from the submenu. (See “Working with snap” on page 152.)

(Photoshop) You can also snap to a grid in addition to guides, slices, and Document bounds.

2 Position the pointer over the intersection

of the rulers in the upper left corner of the window, and drag diagonally down onto the image. A set of cross hairs appears, marking the new origin on the rulers.

To make the ruler origin snap to the ruler ticks (Photoshop), hold down Shift as you drag.

Note: To reset the ruler origin to its default value, double-click the upper left corner of the rulers.

To change the rulers’ settings (Photoshop):

1 Do one of the following:

• Double-click a ruler.

• Choose Edit > Preferences > Units & Rulers.

2 For Rulers, choose a unit of measurement.

Note: Changing the units on the Info palette automatically changes the units on the rulers.

3 For Width and Gutter, enter values for the

column size. You can also change the units.

Some layout programs use the column width setting to specify the display of an image across columns. The Image Size and Canvas Size commands also use this setting. (See “Changing the print dimensions and resolution of an image (Photoshop)” on page 97.)

For more information, see “Changing the size of the work canvas” in online Help.

4 For Point/Pica Size, choose from the following

options:

• PostScript (72 points per inch) if you are

printing to a PostScript device.

• Traditional to use printer’s 72.27 points per inch.

5 Click OK.

ADOBE PHOTOSHOP 6.0

User Guide

Using the measure tool (Photoshop)

The measure tool calculates the distance between any two points in the work area. When you measure from one point to another, a nonprinting line is drawn and the options bar and Info palette show the following information:

• The starting location (X and Y).

• The horizontal (W) and vertical (H) distances

traveled from the x- and y-axes.

• The angle measured relative to the axis (A).

• The total distance traveled (D1).

• When using a protractor, you can view two

distances traveled (D1 and D2).

All measurements except the angle are calculated in the unit of measure currently set in the Units & Rulers preference dialog box. For information on setting the unit of measure, see “Using rulers” on page 74.

To display an existing measuring line:

Select the measure tool ( ).

To measure between two points:

1 Select the measure tool ( ).

2 Drag from the starting point to the ending

point. Hold down the Shift key to constrain the tool to multiples of 45°.

3 To create a protractor from an existing

measuring line, Alt-drag (Windows) or Optiondrag (Mac OS) at an angle from one end of the measuring line, or double-click the line and drag. Hold down the Shift key to constrain the tool to multiples of 45°.

To edit a measuring line or protractor:

1 Select the measure tool ( ).

2 Do one of the following:

• To resize the line, drag one end of an existing

measuring line.

• To move the line, place the pointer on the line

away from either endpoint, and drag the line.

• To remove the line, place the pointer on the line

away from either endpoint, and drag the line out of the image.

Note: You can drag out a measure line on an image feature that should be horizontal or vertical, then choose Image > Rotate Canvas > Arbitrary and the correct angle of rotation required to straighten the image will already be entered into the Rotate Canvas dialog box.

Using guides and the grid

Guides appear as lines that ﬂoat over the entire image and do not print. You can move, remove, or lock a guide to avoid accidentally moving it.

In Photoshop, a grid appears by default as nonprinting lines but can also be displayed as dots. The grid is useful for laying out elements symmetrically.

Guides and grids behave in similar ways:

• Selections, selection borders, and tools snap to a

guide or the grid when dragged within 8 screen (not image) pixels. Guides also snap to the grid when moved. You can turn this feature on and off.

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• Guide spacing, along with guide and grid

visibility and snapping, is speciﬁc to an image.

• Grid spacing, along with guide and grid color

and style, is the same for all images.

To show or hide a grid or guides:

Do one of the following:

• (Photoshop) Choose View > Show > Grid.

• Choose View > Show > Guides.

• Choose View > Show Extras. This command also

shows or hides: (Photoshop) selection edges, target path, slices, and notes, or (ImageReady) selection edges, slices, image maps, text bounds, text baseline, and text selection. (See “Working with Extras” on page 77.)

To place a guide:

1 If the rulers are not visible, choose View >

Show Rulers.

Note: For the most accurate readings, view the image at 100% magniﬁcation or use the Info palette.

2 Create a guide:

• Choose View > New Guide. In the dialog box,

select Horizontal or Vertical orientation, and enter a position.

• Drag from the horizontal ruler to create a

horizontal guide.

• Hold down Alt (Windows) or Option (Mac OS),

and drag from the vertical ruler to create a horizontal guide.

• Drag from the vertical ruler to create a vertical

guide.

• Hold down Alt (Windows) or Option (Mac OS),

and drag from the horizontal ruler to create a vertical guide.

• Hold down Shift and drag from the horizontal or

vertical ruler to create a guide that snaps to the ruler ticks.

The pointer changes to a double-headed arrow ( ) when you drag a guide.

To move a guide:

1 Select the move tool ( ), or hold down Ctrl

(Windows) or Command (Mac OS) to activate the move tool. (This option does not work with the hand ( ), zoom ( ), and slice ( ) tools.)

2 Position the pointer over the guide (the pointer

turns into a double-headed arrow).

3 Move the guide:

• Drag the guide to move it.

• Change the guide from horizontal to vertical,

or vice versa, by holding down Alt (Windows) or Option (Mac OS) as you click or drag the guide.

• (Photoshop) Align the guide with the ruler ticks

by holding down Shift as you drag the guide. The guide will snap to the grid if the grid is visible and View > Snap To > Grid is selected.

To lock all guides:

Choose View > Lock Guides.

ADOBE PHOTOSHOP 6.0

User Guide

To remove guides from the image:

Do one of the following:

• To remove a single guide, drag the guide outside

the image window.

• To remove all guides, choose View > Clear

Guides.

To turn snapping to guides on or off:

Choose View > Snap To > Guides. (See “Working with snap” on page 152.)

To turn snapping to the grid on or off (Photoshop):

Choose View > Snap To > Grid. (See “Working with snap” on page 152.)

To set guide and grid preferences (Photoshop):

1 Choose Edit > Preferences > Guides & Grid.

2 For Color, choose a color for the guides, the

grid, or both. If you choose Custom, click the color box, choose a color, and click OK.

For more information on choosing colors, see “Using the Color palette” in online Help.

3 For Style, choose a display option for guides or

the grid, or both.

4 For Gridline Every, enter a value for the grid

spacing. For Subdivisions, enter a value to subdivide the grid.

If desired, change the units for this option. The Percent option creates a grid that divides the image into even sections. For example, choosing 25 for the Percent option creates an evenly divided 4-by-4 grid.

5 Click OK.

Working with Extras

Guides, grid, target paths, selection edges, slices, image maps, text bounds, text baselines, text selections, and annotations are nonprinting Extras that help you select, move, or edit images and objects. You can turn on or off an Extra or any combination of Extras without affecting the image. You can also show or hide Extras by choosing the Show Extras command in the View menu.

For a description of using speciﬁc Extras, see “Using guides and the grid” on page 75; “Annotating images (Photoshop)” on page 80; “Making pixel selections” on page 139; “Using the marquee tools” on page 140; “Selecting paths (Photoshop)” on page 173; “Entering paragraph type” on page 252; “Formatting characters” on page 258; “Creating and viewing slices” on page 272; and “Creating and viewing image maps (ImageReady)” on page 286.

Note: Show Extras also shows or hides color samplers, even though color samplers are not an option in the Show submenu.

To show Extras:

Choose View > Show Extras. A check mark appears next to all shown Extras in the Show submenu.

To hide Extras:

With Extras showing, choose View > Show Extras. A dot (Windows) or a dash (Mac OS) appears next to all hidden Extras in the Show submenu.

Note: Hiding only suppresses the display of Extras. It does not turn off these options.

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To show one Extra from a list of hidden Extras:

Choose View > Show and choose an Extra from the submenu. Choosing one of the hidden Extras will cause it to show, and turn off all other Extras.

To Turn on and off a group of Extras:

Choose View > Show > All to turn on and show all available Extras. Choose View > Show > None to turn off all Extras.

Displaying status information

The status bar at the bottom of the window displays useful information—such as the current magniﬁcation and ﬁle size of the active image, and brief instructions for using the active tool.

To show or hide the status bar (Windows only):

Choose Window > Show Status Bar or Window > Hide Status Bar.

You can also view copyright and authorship information that has been added to the ﬁle. This information includes standard ﬁle infor-

mation and Digimarc

watermarks. Photoshop automatically scans opened images for watermarks using the Digimarc Detect Watermark plug-in. If a watermark is detected, Photoshop displays a copyright symbol in the image window’s title bar and updates the Copyright & URL section of the File Info dialog box.

To display ﬁle information in the document window (Photoshop):

1 Click the triangle in the bottom border of the

application window (Windows) or document window (Mac OS).

Displaying ﬁle and image information

Information about the current ﬁle size and other features of the image is displayed at the bottom of the application window (Windows) or document window (Mac OS).

Note: In ImageReady, if the document window is wide enough, two image information boxes appear, enabling you to view two different information options for the image at the same time. For more information about original and optimized images, see “Viewing images during optimization” on page 316.

2 Select a view option:

• Document Size to display information on the

amount of data in the image. The number on the left represents the printing size of the image— approximately the size of the saved, ﬂattened ﬁle in Adobe Photoshop format. The number on the right indicates the ﬁle’s approximate size including layers and channels. For more information on how layers affect ﬁle size, see “Using layer styles” on page 226.

ADOBE PHOTOSHOP 6.0

User Guide

• Document Proﬁle to display the name of the

color proﬁle used by the image.

• Scratch Sizes to display information on the

amount of RAM and scratch disk used to process the image. The number on the left represents the amount of memory that is currently being used by the program to display all open images. The number on the right represents the total amount of RAM available for processing images.

• Efﬁciency to display the percentage of time

actually doing an operation instead of reading or writing the scratch disk. If the value is below 100%, Photoshop is using the scratch disk and, therefore, is operating more slowly.

• Timing to display the amount of time it took to

complete the last operation.

• Current Tool to view the name of the active tool.

To display image information in the document window (ImageReady):

1 Click an image information box at the bottom

of the document window.

2 Select a view option:

• Original/Optimized File Size to view the original

and optimized ﬁle size images. The ﬁrst value indicates the original image ﬁle size. The second value (present if the original image has been optimized) indicates the optimized image ﬁle size and ﬁle format based on the current settings in the Optimize palette.

• Optimized Information to view the ﬁle format,

ﬁle size, number of colors, and dither percentage for the optimized image.

• Image Dimensions to view the image’s pixel

dimensions.

• Watermark Strength to view the strength of the

Digimarc digital watermark in the optimized image, if present.

For more information on using digital watermarks, see “Adding digital copyright

information” in online Help.

• Undo/Redo Status to view the number of undos

and redos that are available for the image.

• Original in Bytes to view the size of the original,

ﬂattened image expressed in bytes.

• Optimized in Bytes to view the size of the

optimized image expressed in bytes.

• Optimized Savings to view the percentage of the

optimized image ﬁle size reduction, followed by the difference in bytes between the original and optimized sizes.

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• Size/Download Time (14.4 Kbps/28.8 Kbps/

56.6 Kbps) to view the ﬁle size for the optimized image and estimated download time using the selected modem speed.

Note: Download times may vary based on Internet trafﬁc and modem compression schemes. The value displayed is an approximation.

To view additional ﬁle information:

Do one of the following:

• (Photoshop) Choose File > File Info. For section,

choose the attribute you want to view.

• (ImageReady) Choose File > Image Info.

To read a Digimarc watermark:

1 Choose Filter > Digimarc > Read Watermark.

If the ﬁlter ﬁnds a watermark, a dialog box displays the Creator ID, copyright year (if present), and image attributes.

2 Click OK, or for more information, choose

from the following:

• If you have a Web browser installed, click Web

Lookup to get more information about the owner of the image. This option launches the browser and displays the Digimarc Web site, where contact details appear for the given Creator ID.

• Call the phone number listed in the Watermark

Information dialog box to get information faxed back to you.

For more information on adding digital

watermarks to an image, see “Adding digital copyright information with the Digimarc ﬁlter” in online Help.

Annotating images (Photoshop)

You can attach note annotations (notes) and audio annotations to an image in Photoshop. This is useful for associating review comments, production notes, or other information with the image. Because Photoshop annotations are compatible with Adobe Acrobat, you can use them to exchange information with Acrobat users as well as Photoshop users.

To circulate a Photoshop document for review

in Acrobat, save the document in Portable Document Format (PDF) and ask reviewers to use Acrobat to add notes or audio annotations. Then import the annotations into Photoshop.

Notes and audio annotations appear as small nonprintable icons on the image. They are associated with a location on the image rather than with a layer. You can hide and show annotations, open notes to view or edit their contents, and play audio annotations. You can also add audio annotations to actions, and set them to play during an action or during a pause in an action. (See “Setting playback options (Photoshop)” on page 400.)

ADOBE PHOTOSHOP 6.0

User Guide

Adding notes and audio annotations

You can add notes and audio annotations anywhere on a Photoshop image canvas. When you create a note, a resizable window appears for entering text. When you record an audio annotation, you must have a microphone plugged into the audio-in port of your computer.

You can import both kinds of annotations from Photoshop documents saved in PDF or from Acrobat documents saved in PDF or Form Data Format (FDF).

To create a note:

1 Select the notes tool ( ).

2 Set options as needed:

• Enter an author name. The name appears in the

title bar of the notes window.

• Choose a font and size for the note text.

• Select a color for the note icon and the title bar

of note windows.

3 Click where you want to place the note, or drag

to create a custom-sized window.

4 Click inside the window, and type the text.

If you type more text than ﬁts in the note window, the scroll bar becomes active.

Edit the text as needed:

• You can use the standard editing commands for

your system (Undo, Cut, Copy, Paste, and Select All). In Windows, right-click in the text area and choose the commands from the context menu. In Mac OS, choose the commands from the Edit and Select menus. You can also use standard keyboard shortcuts for these editing commands.

• If you have the required software for different

script systems (for example, Roman, Japanese, or Cyrillic) installed on your computer, you can switch between the script systems. Right-click (Windows) or Control-click (Mac OS) to display the context menu, and then choose a script system.

5 To close the note to an icon, click the close box.

To create an audio annotation:

1 Select the audio annotation tool ( ).

2 Set options as needed:

• Enter an author name.

• Select a color for the audio annotation icon.

3 Click where you want to place the annotation

icon.

4 Record and save the audio annotation:

• (Windows) Click Start and then speak into the

microphone. When you’re ﬁnished, click Stop.

• (Mac OS) Click Record and then speak into the

microphone. You can click Pause to temporarily stop the recording, and then click Record to resume. When you’re ﬁnished, click Stop and then click Save.

To import annotations:

1 Choose File > Import > Annotations.

2 Select a PDF or FDF ﬁle that contains annota-

tions, and then click Load. The annotations appear in the locations where they were saved in the source document.

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Opening and editing annotations

A note or audio annotation icon marks the location of an annotation on an image. When you move the pointer over an annotation icon and pause, a message displays the author name. You use the icons to open notes or play audio annotations. You can show, hide, or move the icons, and edit the contents of notes.

Note: Resizing an image does not resize the annotation icons and note windows. The icons and note windows keep their locations relative to the image. Cropping an image removes any annotations in the cropped area; you can recover the annotations by undoing the Crop command.

To open a note or play an audio annotation:

Double-click the icon:

• If you are opening a note, a window appears,

displaying the note text.

• If you are playing an audio annotation and have

a sound card installed, the audio ﬁle begins to play.

To edit annotations:

Do any of the following:

• To move an annotation icon, move the pointer

over the icon until it turns into an arrow, and then drag the icon. You can do this with any tool selected. Moving a note icon does not move its note window.

• To move a note window, drag it by the title bar.

• To delete a selected annotation, press Delete.

• To edit the contents of a note, open the note,

change any options, and add, delete, or change the text. You can use the same editing commands that you use when creating a note. (See “Adding notes and audio annotations” on page 81.)

• To delete all annotations, right-click (Windows)

or Control-click (Mac OS) an annotation icon to display the context menu, and choose Delete All Annotations. You can also delete all annotations by clicking Clear All in the options bar for notes or audio annotations.

To show or hide annotation icons:

Do one of the following:

• Choose View > Show > Notes.

• Choose View > Show Extras. This command also

shows or hides grids, guides, selection edges, target paths, and slices.

Jumping between applications

You can jump between Photoshop and ImageReady to transfer an image between the two applications for editing without closing or exiting the originating application. In addition, you can jump from ImageReady to other graphics editing applications and HTML editing applications installed on your system.

Jumping to an application saves you from having to close the ﬁle in one application and reopen it in another application.

ADOBE PHOTOSHOP 6.0

User Guide

Jumping between Photoshop and ImageReady

You can easily jump between Photoshop and ImageReady to use features in both applications when preparing graphics for the Web or other purposes. Jumping between the applications allows you to use the full feature sets of both applications while maintaining a streamlined workﬂow. Files and documents updated in one application can be automatically updated in the other application by choosing a preference.

To jump between Photoshop and ImageReady:

Do one of the following:

• Click the Jump To button ( ) in the toolbox.

• Choose File > Jump To > Photoshop or File >

Jump To > ImageReady.

When jumping between Photoshop and ImageReady, the applications use a temp ﬁle for transferring changes.

To automatically update ﬁles or documents when jumping between Photoshop and ImageReady:

Do one of the following:

• (Photoshop) Choose Edit > Preferences >

General, then select Auto-update open documents.

• (ImageReady) Choose Edit > Preferences >

General, then select Auto-Update Files.

Jumping to other applications (ImageReady)

You can jump to graphics-editing applications and HTML-editing applications from within ImageReady.

When you install ImageReady, Adobe graphicsediting and HTML-editing applications currently on your system are added to the Jump To submenu. You can add more applications, including non-Adobe applications, to the Jump To submenu.

When you jump to a graphics-editing application, the original ﬁle is opened in the destination application. When you jump to an HTML editor, the optimized ﬁle and the HTML ﬁle are saved and opened in the destination application. If the image contains slices, all ﬁlesfor the full image are included. A preference enables ﬁles updated in another application to be automatically updated in ImageReady, when jumping back to ImageReady.

To jump to another application from ImageReady:

1 Choose a method for jumping to the desti-

nation application:

• Choose File > Jump To > Other Graphics Editor

or File > Jump To > Other HTML Editor, and select an application by navigating through the Jump To dialog.

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Looking at the Work Area

2 If the ﬁle has been modiﬁed since the last save,

choose an option in ImageReady for saving the ﬁle:

• Click Save, and save the ﬁle with its current name

and location.

• Click Save As, and save the ﬁle with a new name,

a new location, or both.

To add an application to the Jump To submenu:

1 Create a shortcut (Windows) or an alias

(Mac OS) for the application you want to add to the menu.

2 Drag the icon for the shortcut or alias into the

Jump To Graphics Editor or the Jump To HTML Editor folder in the Helpers folder in the Photoshop folder.

3 Restart ImageReady to view the application in

the Jump To submenu.

To automatically update a ﬁle when jumping back to ImageReady from another application:

Choose Edit > Preferences > General, then select Auto-Update Files.

Previewing an image in a browser

You can open a browser and preview an optimized image. You can preview the image in any browser installed on your system. The browser displays the image with a caption listing the image’s ﬁle type, pixel dimensions, ﬁle size, and compression speciﬁcations in the ﬁrst paragraph, and ﬁlename and other HTML information in the second paragraph.

When you install Photoshop and ImageReady, all browsers currently on your system are added to the Preview In menu. You can add additional browsers to the menu, and specify which browser will be launched when using a keyboard shortcut.

To preview an optimized image in a browser:

Do one of the following:

• (Photoshop) Choose File > Save for Web, then

select a browser from the Preview In button at the bottom right area of the Save for Web window.

• (ImageReady) Choose File > Preview In,

then choose an option from the submenu. (Choose Other to select a browser not listed in the submenu.)

• (ImageReady) Select a browser from the Preview

in Default Browser tool in the toolbox.

To add a browser to the Preview In menu:

1 Create a shortcut (Windows) or an alias

(Mac OS) for the browser you want to add to the menu.

2 Drag the icon for the shortcut or alias into the

Preview In folder, located in the Helpers folder in the Photoshop program folder.

3 Restart Photoshop and ImageReady to view the

browser in the Preview In menu.

ADOBE PHOTOSHOP 6.0

User Guide

(ImageReady) To specify a browser to be launched by the Preview In keyboard shortcut:

Do one of the following:

• Choose File > Preview In, then choose an option

from the submenu.

• Select a browser from the Preview in Default

Browser tool in the toolbox.

The shortcut speciﬁcation takes effect immediately and will persist the next time you launch ImageReady.

Managing libraries with the Preset Manager (Photoshop)

You can use the Preset Manager to manage libraries of preset brushes, swatches, gradients, styles, patterns, contours, and custom shapes. This lets you easily reuse or share libraries of presets. Each type of library has its own ﬁle extension and default folder. You can always restore the default presets. Note that you cannot create new presets using the Preset Manager, as each preset is created in its own type of editor. The Preset Manager lets you create a library composed of multiple presets of a single type.

Any new preset brush, swatch, and so on, automatically displays in the Preset Manager. Prior to saving it into a preset library, the new brush, swatch, and so on, is saved in the Preferences ﬁle so that it persists between editing sessions. To permanently save the new item as a

preset, you need to save it in the editor used to create it. Otherwise, it will be lost if you create a new one, or if you replace (rather than append) a new library of the same type.

To create, load, save, or delete libraries:

1 Choose Edit > Preset Manager.

2 Choose a preset type from the Preset

Type menu.

3 Do one of the following:

• Choose Save Set, then enter a name for

the library. If you want to save it to a folder other than the default, navigate to the new folder before saving.

• Choose Load, then select a library from the list.

If you want to load a library located in another folder, navigate to that folder, then select the library. Or select a library from the pop-up menu.

• Choose Delete to delete the selected presets in

the library. You can delete the default presets, but they can always be restored.

To reset or replace libraries:

1 Choose Edit > Preset Manager.

2 Select the preset type you want to reset or

replace in the Preset Type menu. Any unsaved presets in the list will be lost. You may want to save the current library before you continue.

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3 From the Preset Manager pop-up menu do one

of the following:

• Choose Reset to restore the default library for

that type. Select Append to append the default presets to the current set, OK to replace the current presets with the default presets, or Cancel.

• Choose Replace to replace the current library

with the contents of another libraryloaded from a ﬁle.

To save a subset of a library:

1 Choose Edit > Preset Manager.

2 Choose a preset type from the Preset Type

menu.

3 Shift-click to select multiple presets. Only the

selected presets will be saved to the new library.

4 Choose Save Set, then enter a name for the

library. If you want to save the library to a folder other than the default, navigate to the new folder before saving.

To rename presets contained in a library:

1 Choose Edit > Preset Manager.

2 Choose a preset type from the Preset Type

menu.

3 Select a preset in the list.

4 Choose Rename, then enter a new name for the

brush, swatch, and so on. If you selected multiple presets, you will be prompted to enter multiple names.

Changing views of the Preset Manager

You can change the view of the Preset Manager to display presets by name, by thumbnail, or for some preset types, you can choose to show both the name and thumbnail of each item. Only the available choices for each type of preset display when you change the view for that preset type.

To change the view of the Preset Manager:

In the Preset Manager dialog box, choose one of the available views from the pop-up menu:

• Text Only to display the name of each preset

item.

• Small Thumbnail or Large Thumbnail to display

a thumbnail of each preset item.

• Small List or Large List to display the name and

thumbnail of each preset item.

Setting preferences

Numerous program settings are stored in Adobe Photoshop 6 Prefs.psp ﬁle (Windows) or the Adobe Photoshop 6 Prefs ﬁle (Mac OS) in the Adobe Photoshop 6 Settings folder. Among the settings stored in this ﬁle are general display options, ﬁle-saving options, cursor options, transparency options, and options for plug-ins and scratch disks. Most of these options are set in

ADOBE PHOTOSHOP 6.0

User Guide

dialog boxes that can be opened through the Preferences submenu in the Edit menu. Preference settings are saved each time you exit the application.

Note: The default location of the Adobe Photoshop 6 Settings folder varies by operating system; use your operating system’s Find command to locate this folder.

Unexpected behavior may indicate damaged preferences. By removing damaged preferences, you can restore preferences to their default settings.

To open a preferences dialog box:

1 Choose the desired preference set from the

Edit > Preferences submenu.

2 To switch to a different preference set, do one of

the following:

• Choose the preference set from the menu at the

top of the dialog box.

• Click Next to display the next preference set in

the menu list; click Prev to display the previous preference set.

For information on a speciﬁc preference option, see the Index.

To restore all preferences to their default settings:

In Windows, press and hold Alt+Control+Shift immediately after launching Photoshop or ImageReady. Click Yes to (Photoshop) delete the Adobe Photoshop settings ﬁle or (ImageReady) erase all ImageReady preferences.

In Mac OS, do one of the following:

• Hold down the Shift, Option, and Command

keys at the startup of Photoshop to reset preferences to their default settings.

• Open the Preferences folder in the System

Folder, and drag the following ﬁles to the Trash: (Photoshop) Adobe Save For Web 2.0 prefs, and, located in the Adobe Photoshop 6 Settings folder, Adobe Photoshop 6 Prefs, Actions Palette (prefs), Color Settings (prefs), Contours.psp, Custom Shape.psp, Patterns.psp, Shape Curves.psp, and Styles.psp; (ImageReady) Adobe ImageReady 3.0 Prefs.

New Preferences ﬁles will be created the next time you start Photoshop or ImageReady.

Resetting all warning dialogs

Sometimes messages containing warnings or prompts regarding certain situations are displayed. You can disable the display of these messages by selecting the Don’t Show Again option in the message. You can also globally reset the display of all messages that have been disabled.

To reset the display of all warning messages (Photoshop):

1 Choose Edit > Preferences > General.

2 Click Reset All Warning Dialogs, and click OK.

To turn on or off warning messages (ImageReady):

1 Choose Edit > Preferences > General.

2 Deselect or select Disable Warnings,

and click OK.

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Monitoring operations

A progress bar indicates that an operation is in process. You can interrupt the process or have the program notify you when it has ﬁnished.

To cancel operations:

Hold down Esc until the operation in progress has stopped. In Mac OS, you can also press Command+period.

To set notiﬁcation for completion of operations:

1 Choose Edit > Preferences > General.

2 Do one of the following:

• (Photoshop) Select Beep When Done.

• (ImageReady) Select Notify When Done and

choose (Mac OS only): System Alert to use your system alert for notiﬁcation or Text to Speech to use a spoken notiﬁcation.

3 Click OK.

To exit Photoshop or ImageReady:

1 Choose File > Exit (Windows) or File >

Quit (Mac OS).

2 Choose whether or not to save any open ﬁles:

• Click Yes (Windows) or Save (Mac OS) for each

open ﬁle to save the ﬁle.

• Click No (Windows) or Don’t Save (Mac OS) for

each open ﬁle to close the ﬁle without saving it.

For information on using Adobe and thirdparty plug-in modules, see “Using plug-in

modules” in online Help.

Closing ﬁles and quitting

To close a ﬁle:

1 Choose File > Close (Windows and Mac OS) or

File > Close All (Mac OS).

2 Choose whether or not to save the ﬁle:

• Click Yes (Windows) or Save (Mac OS) to save

the ﬁle.

• Click No (Windows) or Don’t Save (Mac OS) to

close the ﬁle without saving it.

Macromedia Photoshop - 6.0 User Guide

Specifications and Main Features

Frequently Asked Questions

User Manual

Getting Started

Registration

Installing Adobe Photoshop and ImageReady

Learning Adobe Photoshop and ImageReady

Using Web resources

Other learning resources

Customer support

Adobe Photoshop Basics

Using tools and palettes

Opening images in Photoshop and ImageReady

Making tonal and color adjustments

Retouching images

Making pixel selections

Making edits

Using layers

Compositing images

Painting

Drawing shapes

Creating type

Editing type

Designing Web graphics

Creating animations (ImageReady)

Optimizing Web graphics

What’s New in Adobe Photoshop 6.0

Superb vector support

Enhanced vector output

Layer styles

Interactive image warping

Enhanced slicing capabilities

Enhanced support for image maps and rollovers

Weighted optimization

Streamlined interface

Enhanced layer management

Expanded text features

Preset Manager

Other new and enhanced features

Using the toolbox

Using the tool options bar

Using palettes

Using context menus

Viewing images

Correcting mistakes

Reverting to any state of an image

Duplicating images

Using rulers, the measure tool, guides, and the grid

Working with Extras

Displaying status information

Annotating images (Photoshop)

Jumping between applications

Previewing an image in a browser

Managing libraries with the Preset Manager (Photoshop)

Setting preferences

Resetting all warning dialogs

Monitoring operations