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Lucent Orinoco Outdoor Antenna Installation Guide

You can find the latest software & documentation at:
http://www.lucent.com/orinoco
012706/C November 2000 Copyright © 2000 Lucent Technologies Inc. All Rights Reserved
Outdoor Antenna
Installation Guide
36M23'33YXHSSV6SYXIV
Table of Contents
1 Welcome 1-1
About This Guide 1-1
■ Who Should Use This Guide 1-1
■ Finding Additional Information 1-2
About ORiNOCO Outdoor Router 1-4
2 Preparing for Installation 2-1
Site Prerequisites 2-1 Overview of the Indoor Installation 2-2
■ Outdoor Router Hardware 2-2
■ Cable System 2-5
Overview of the Outdoor Installation 2-8
■ Antenna Placement 2-8
■ Antenna Mast/Wall Bracket 2-11
■ Grounding System 2-12
■ Antenna Cable Routing 2-14
Before Climbing the Roof... 2-15
3 Determine Range & Clearance 3-1
Introduction 3-1 Determine the Outdoor Range 3-2
■ Determine the Maximum Range 3-3
■ Determine the Cable Factor 3-7
■ Determine the Clearance Factor 3-8
ORiNOCO Outdoor Antenna Installation Guide i
Examples 3-13
■ Point-to-Point Links 3-13
■ Point-to-MultiPoint Lin ks 3-15
4 Installing the Antenna 4-1
Planning Antenna Installation 4-1
■ Safety Precautions 4-1
■ Installation Overview 4-3
Mounting the Antenna 4-5 Connecting the Antenna Cable 4-6
■ Sealing the Cable Connectors 4-7
A The Antenna Cabling System A-1
The Outdoor Cabling Components A-1
■ Selecting the Correct Connector-Type A-2
ORiNOCO Cable Assembly A-6 ORiNOCO Surge Arrester A-7 Low-Loss Antenna Cable A-9
B 14 dBi Directional Antenna B-1
General Description B-1
■ Contents of the Antenna Box B-1
■ Mounting the Directional Antenna B-1
C 7 dBi Omni-Directional Base Station Antenna C-1
Hardware Specifications C-1
■ Mounting the Omni-directional Antenna C-1
ii ORiNOCO Outdoor Antenna Installation Guide
D 10 dBi Omni-Directional Base Station Antenna D-1
Hardware Specifications D-1
■ Mounting Instructions D-1
E 12 dBi Directional Wide Angle Antenna E-1
Hardware Specifications E-1
■ Mounting Instructions E-1
F 24 dBi Directional Parabolic Grid Antenna F-1
Hardware Specifications F-1
■ Kit Contents F-2
■ Assembling the Antenna F-2
■ Mounting the Antenna F-4
ORiNOCO Outdoor Antenna Installation Guide iii
G Certified Outdoor Solutions G-1
Introduction G-1 Selecting the Right Card & Cables G-3 Regulatory Information G-7
H Support & Warranty H-1
Technical Support H-1 Warranty and Repair H-2
Index IX-1
List of Figures LOF-1
List of Tables LOT-1
Welcome
1
Contents
About This Guide 1-1
Who Should Use This Guide 1-1 Finding Additional Inform a tio n 1-2
■ Installing Outdoor Router Hardware 1-2
■ Configuration and Management 1-2
■ Context-Sensitive Help 1-3
■ Hardware Specificatio ns 1-3
■ Additional files on your Software CD-ROM 1-3
■ Other Sources of Information 1-3
About ORiNOCO Outdoor Router 1-4
■ ORiNOCO Remote Outdoor Router 1-4
■ ORiNOCO Central Outdoor Router 1-5
■ Upgrading the ORiNOCO Outdoor Router 1-6

Welcome

About This Guide

This ORiNOCO Outdoor Antenna Installation Guide explains how to install and set-up an outdoor antenna installation based on ORiNOCO PC Cards that will be used in combination with:
■ ORiNOCO Outdoor Router products
■ ORiNOCO Client products
There is also a chapter about verifying the wireless lin k qua l ity and correcting problems that might arise during installation or operation.
This guide does not explai n how to erect antenna masts, or how to install a safety gr ounding syst em. These are pre-requis ites that must be in place be f ore the directional antenna is installed.

Who Should Use This Guide

The installation of Outdoor Antenna Li nks requires technical exp erti se . At th e very least, you should be able to:
■ Instal l and configure the network components, such as the Outdoor Router
and the ORiNOCO LAN administrator’s station.
■ Understand or have a worki ng knowledge of the installat ion procedures for
network operating systems under Microsoft Windows 95/98 and/or Microsoft Windows NT.
■ Mount the outdoor antenna and surge arrester. Lucent Technologies
recommends that the i nstallat i on i s performed by a qualified ant enna installation service.
1
1 Formerly also referred to as WavePOIN T-II PTP, WaveACCESS Link WP-II or WaveCAMPUS.
ORiNOCO Outdoor Antenna Installation Guide 1-1
Welcome
About This Guide
!
DANGER:
The ORiNOCO Outdoor Router outdoor antennas are intended for mounting on a roof, or the si de of a building. Installation shal l not be attempted by someone who is not trained or experi enced in this type of work.The antenna has to be installed by a suitably trained pr of essional installation technician or a qualified antenna installation service. The site pre-requisites have to be checked by a person familiar with the national electrical code, and other regulations governing this type of installation.

Finding Additional Information

Installing Outdoor Router Hardware
ORiNOCO outdoor ant en na i nstallations are typically con nected to Outdoor Router devices. The hardware installation of these devices is described in the Getting Started Guide that is included wi th each Outdoor Router unit .
Configuration and Management
The configuration and management of outdoor antenna links is controlled via the OR Manager pr ogr am ; an M S - W in dows based application th at can be installed on almost any computer running Windows 95, 98 or Windows NT (v4.0).
How to install this program is described in the Getting Started Guide that is included with each Outdo or Router unit.
How to use the OR M anager program is descr i bed in:
■ The “Context-Sensitive Help” as described below.
■ The "ORiNOCO OR Mana ger - User’s Guide" provided on t he softwar e CD-
ROM that came with the Outd oor Router device (i nse rt ed inside the back­side cover of the Getting Started Guide that came with your product).
■ The "ORiNOCO OR Manager - User’s Guide" als o de sc ri be s ho w t o monitor
the performance of your wireless network, and provides hints and scenarios for troubleshooting perfor m ance degradation.
To view and/or print these documents, you will need to install the Adobe Acrobat Reader provided on the software CD-ROM.
1-2 ORiNOCO Outdoor Antenna Installation Guide
Welcome
About This Guide
Context-Sensitive Help
Context-sensitive help f or th e O R Manager program is available by clicking the “Help” button on the screen or pressing the function key.
F1
Hardware Specifications
■ Outdoor Router hardware specifications are described in the Getting Started
Guide that is shipped with each device.
■ Radio Frequency specifications of the Outdoor Router are described in the
"ORiNOCO PC Card Getting Started".
■ Hardware specificat io ns for th e ou tdoor antennas, the cabling sys tem and
the ORiNOCO Surge Arrester are listed in Appendices of this guide.
Additional files on your Software CD-ROM
All software CD-ROMs (or diskettes) that came with your ORiN O C O pr oducts, include a file called “readme.txt”. This file contains infor m at i on ab out the software version and/or dr iv er s on t he diskette.
NOTE:
You are advised to print and read t he “readme.txt” file prior to installing your ORiNOCO products, as it may contain additional information that was not avai l able when this document was pr inted.
Other Sources of Information
All documentation listed above can be downloaded from the ORiNO CO website
http://www.lucent.com/orinoco.
at:
NOTE:
You are advised to visit the we bsit e at re gul ar intervals for the latest available information, doc umentation and software updates and other ORiNOCO news.
ORiNOCO Outdoor Antenna Installation Guide 1-3
Welcome
About ORiNOCO Outdoor Router
About ORiNOCO Outdoor Router
The ORiNOCO Outdoor Router enables you to setup a wireless system that supports:
■ “ORiNOCO Remote Outdoor Router” functionality, or
■ “ORiNOCO Central Outdoor Router” functionality.
ORiNOCO Remote Outdoor Router
With two ORiNOCO Remote Outdoor Routers, it’s easy to setu p a wireless Point-to-Point link as pictured in Figure1-1 below.
Figure 1-1 ORiNOCO Point-to-Point Link
The Point-to-Point (PTP) Link f unctionality enables you to setup a connection between two locations as an alternative to:
■ Leased lines in building -to- building connections , or
■ Wired Ethernet backbones between AP-1000s i n ‘hard-to-wire’
environments.
1-4 ORiNOCO Outdoor Antenna Installation Guide
Welcome
About ORiNOCO Outdoor Router
ORiNOCO Central Outdoor Router
If you wish to connect more than two buildings, yo u can choose to:
■ Setup multiple Point-to-Point links, using multiple pairs of Remote Outdoor
Router systems, or
■ Setup a single Point-to-M ul ti poi nt sy st em using a single Central O utdoo r
Router and multiple Remote Outdoor Routers as pictured in Figure 1-2 below.
Figure 1-2 ORiNOCO Point-to-Multipoint Link
Looking at Figure 1- 2 th e system is designed as foll ows:
■ The central building c is equipped with the Central Outdoor Rout er,
connected to either an omni-directional, or wide angle antenna.
■ The two Remote buildings a and b have both been equipped with Remote
Outdoor Routers connect e d to directional antennas.
NOTE:
Subject to local radio regula tions and legislation, the outdoo r an te nna solutions described in this document may not be available in all parts of the world. Consult Appendix G “Certified Outdoor Sol ut i ons ” for more information.
ORiNOCO Outdoor Antenna Installation Guide 1-5
Welcome
About ORiNOCO Outdoor Router
Upgrading the ORiNOCO Outdoor Router
If you wish to extend the feat ur es of previously purchas ed hardware you can purchase dedicated Software Lic ense Kits to upgrade:
■ AP-1000 into one of the ORiN O CO O utdo or Routers described on the
previous pages.
■ Extend the features of a previously purchased ORiNOCO Outdoor Routers.
For more information about the software license upgrade program, please consult:
■ Your authorized ORiNOCO Reseller or local Lucent Technologies Sales
office for more information.
■ The ORiNOCO website at: http://www.lucent.com/orinoco.
1-6 ORiNOCO Outdoor Antenna Installation Guide
Preparing for Installation
2
Contents
Site Prerequisites 2-1
Overview of the Indoor Installation 2-2
Outdoor Router Hardware 2-2
■ Outdoor Router 2-2
■ Outdoor Router Client 2-4
Cable System 2-5
■ Placement of the Surge Arrester 2-5
■ Antenna Cable Route 2-6
Overview of the Outdoor Installation 2-8
Antenna Placement 2-8 Antenna Mast/Wall Bracket 2-11
■ Tripod Mount 2-11
■ Wall (Side) Mount 2-11
■ Antenna Mast Requirements 2-11
Grounding System 2-12
■ Antenna Alignment 2-12
■ Antenna Polarization 2-13
Antenna Cable Routing 2-14
Before Climbing the Roof... 2-15

Preparing for Installation

Site Prerequisites

Please review all requirements outlined within the section s lis te d below before starting the installation proced ur e:
■ Overview of the Indoor Installation (page 2-2)
■ Overview of the Outdoor Installation (page 2-8)
■ Before Climbing the Roof... (page 2-15)
Prior to climbing on the roof or an y ot her area where you intend to install the outdoor antenna, you are ad vi sed to:
■ Verify you ha ve arranged all safety m easures for outdoor/roofto p instal l ation
(see the “Safety Precautions” on page 4-1 ).
■ Verify you have all equipment and tools required to install the outdoor
antennas.
■ Install and verify proper opera tion of the equipment.
ORiNOCO Outdoor Antenna Installation Guide 2-1
Preparing for Installation

Overview of the Indoor Installatio n

Overview of the Indoor Installation
The indoor installation of th e l ink w i ll co nsi st of the following compo nents:
■ Outdoor Router Hardware, and
■ A Cable System.
Outdoor Router Hardware
There are two types of hardware installations to set up a wireless connection:
■ The Outdoor Router, and
■ The Outdoor Router Client.
Outdoor Router
T o setup a point-to-point wireless connection between two Outdoor Routers, you will need:
■ Two ORiNOCO Outdoor Routers with PC Card, and
■ Two antenna cable systems (see Append i x App endix A “The Antenna
Cabling System”), and
■ Two outdoor antenna’s.
Figure 2-1 show s an overview of the hardw ar e set up for this indoor installation.
Figure 2-1 Overview Indoor Installation of the OutdoorRouter
2-2 ORiNOCO Outdoor Antenna Installation Guide
Preparing for Installation
Overview of the Indoor Installatio n
On each end of the wireless link you will need the following items as pictured in Figure 2-1 on page 2- 2:
a. The ORiNOCO PC Card (see “Selecting the R i gh t Card & Cables” on
page G-3).
b. The Outdoor Router device that has been loaded with ORiNOCO
Outdoor Router softwar e. c. The Cable Assembly to connect the PC Card to the Surge Arrester. d. A surge arrester to protect your sensitive ORiNOCO equipment from static
discharge and transients that may occur to your anten na. e. A low-loss antenna cable to connect the in door installation to the outdoor
antenna. f. A gr oun di ng system as described in “Grounding System” on page 2-12.
!
WARNING:
The ORiNOCO Outdoor Router, the ORiNOCO Surge Arrester and the antenna mast must be connected to the sa m e gr ounding system.
Placement of the Outdoor Router Hardware
The hardware of your ORiNOCO OutdoorRouter device is designed for indoor mounting and operation . T he ideal location to install your Outdoor Router unit must satisfy the following requirements:
■ The location provides a co nnection to a grounding type AC wall outlet (100-
240 VAC), using the standard power cord as supplied with the unit.
The ground of the AC wall outlet must be connected to the same grounding
system as the ORiNOCO Surge Arrester and antenna mast (see “Grounding
System” on page 2-12).
■ The location must allow fo r ea si ly di sconnecting the Outdoor Router unit
from the AC wall outlet.
■ The location provides a connection to the network backbone that may either
be:
■ The E th er net LAN cable that connects it to a hub, br idge or directly into
a patch panel or
■ The wir el ess connection via a seco nd ORiNOCO PC Card that is
inserte d i nto the other PCCard slot of the O utdoor Router device.
■ The location is as close as possible to the point where the antenna cable will
enter the building (see also “Placement of the Surge Arrester” on p age 2-5).
ORiNOCO Outdoor Antenna Installation Guide 2-3
Preparing for Installation
Overview of the Indoor Installatio n
Outdoor Router Client
To setup a wireless connection with the Outdoor Router Client, you will need:
■ One PC Card,
■ One Outdoor Router Cl i ent Li ce nse Kit, and
■ One antenna cabling sy st em .
Figure 2-2 show s an overview of the hardw ar e set up for this indoor installation.
Figure 2-2 Overview Indoor Installation Outdoor Router Client
On each end of the wireless link you will need the foll ow ing items as pictured in Figure 2-2:
a. The ORiNOCO PC Card (see “Selecting the Right Card & Cables” on
page G-3).
b. The Cable Assembly to connect the ORiNOCO PC C ard (A) to the Surge
Arrester.
c. A surge arrester to protect your sensitive ORiNOCO equipment from static
discharge and transie nts that m ay occur to your antenna.
d. A low-loss antenna cable to connect the ind oor in stallat i on t o the outdoor
antenna.
e. A grounding systems as described in “Gr ounding System” on page 2-12.
!
WARNING:
The ORiNOCO Outdoor Router, the ORiNOCO Surge Arrester and the antenna mast must be connected to the same grounding sys te m.
2-4 ORiNOCO Outdoor Antenna Installation Guide
Preparing for Installation
Overview of the Indoor Installatio n

Cable System

!
CAUTION:
The Outdoor Router products are designed for indoor install at ion. A t a ll times the location of the Outdoor Router unit must be indoors, to protect the unit from extreme weat he r c onditions, excessive he at and humidity and to keep the unit free from vibr at io n and dust.
Prior to mounting the Outdoor Router products you are advised to carefully calculate:
■ The distance between the intended location of your Outdoor Router unit and
the location of the antenna mast, and
■ The height of the antenna on the mast.
If the low-loss antenna ca bl e i s no t long enough to cover this dis tance you can select from the following t w o options:
■ Select another cable length from th e Lucent Tech nologies l ow - loss cable
offering (see Appendix A “The Antenna Cabling System”), or
■ Select another location that satisfies the requirements listed on the previous
page to mount your Outdoor Router device. As the length of the antenna cable may affect the actual range of your outdoor
antenna installat ion, the second one is the pr eferred opt i on.
!
WARNING:
You are not allowed to change the length of the Lu cent Technologies low-loss antenna cabl e. Shortening the cable will void the Lucent Technologies Warranty, and may conflict with radio certifications and/or approvals.
How to install the Outdoor Ro ut er hardware is described in t he G et ti ng Started Guide that was shipped with the Outdoor Router device.
Placement of the Surge Arrester
The ORiNOCO Surge Arrester is an indispensable part of your outdoor antenna installation, to protect your s ensitive electronic equipm ent from transients or electro-static discharges at th e antenna.
ORiNOCO Outdoor Antenna Installation Guide 2-5
Preparing for Installation
Overview of the Indoor Installatio n
For optimal protection the ORiNOCO Surge Arrester must be installed at a location that satisfies th e fo llowing requirements:
■ A location as close to the loca tion w her e t he antenna cable will enter t he
building (see also “Placement of the Outdoor R ou te r Hardware” on page 2-3).
■ The location allows for easi ly (d is -)connecting the surge arr est er from/to the
ORiNOCO PC Card in the ORiNOCO Outdoor Router using the Cables Assembly pictured in Figure 2-1 on page 2-2.
■ The location provides a con nection to the same groun di ng s yst em as the
OutdoorRouter unit and th e outdoor ant enna mast as described in “Grounding System” on page 2-12.
Antenna Cable Route
The antenna cable m us t be connected to the Outdoor Router unit via the ORiNOCO Surge Arrester and Cable Assembly as pictured in Figure 2-1 on page 2-2. To plan the route of the antenna cable please con sider the following:
■ Does the cable route requ ire dr i lling through a wall or ceiling?
■ Do you have a building plan of the desired location showi ng any other
existing cabling routes lik e electricity, telephone or networking?
■ Does the type of building m at er ial s re qui r e special tools for drilling
purposes?
The cable should not be i ns talle d into “tight” posit io ns, as bending or applying excessive fo rc e to th e co nn ectors may d ama ge t he a nt en n a ca bl e. Al w ays al l ow the cable to bend natural l y ar ound corners. The recomm ended bend radius is 100 mm (4 in.).
The antenna cable m us t be secured along its complete lengt h. No part of the antenna cable shou ld be al l ow e d to hang free. This is particularly impor tant for cable parts that are installed outdoors.
2-6 ORiNOCO Outdoor Antenna Installation Guide
Preparing for Installation
Overview of the Indoor Installatio n
!
CAUTION:
The antenna cable and ca bl e connectors are not designed to withstand excessive f orce:
a. Do not use the connectors as “cable grips” to pull cable through
raceway or conduit .
b. Do not use the cable connector to support the weight of the cable
during or after installati on. c. Do not use any appliance s to tighten the connectors. d. Always seal the connectors using weather-p ro of ing tape . Prior to sealing the outdoor connectors and permanentl y se curing the
cable to the wall using cable ties and wall hooks, you may wish to verify if the installation and all components function properly.
ORiNOCO Outdoor Antenna Installation Guide 2-7
Preparing for Installation

Overview of the Outdoor Installation

Overview of the Outdoor Installation
The outdoor installation of the link ( po in t-t o- poi nt or poi nt - to -multipoint) will consist of the following components:
■ The LucentTechnolog ies Antenna
■ The Lucent Technologies proprietary low-loss anten na cable (available in
different cable lengths).
■ Antenna Mast/Wall Bracket for the antenna.
■ An adequate “Grounding System” that meets the requ irem ents described in
“Grounding System” on page 2-12.
NOTE:
All outdoor cable connectors must be sealed with the enclosed weather­proofing stretch tape to permanently waterproof the coax connectors.
!
DANGER:
For your own safety, the antenna mast and the grounding system should be installed only by experienced installation pro f essionals who are familiar with local building and safety codes and/or the national electrical codes.
Carefully read the instructions as described for the “Grounding System” on page 2-12 and verify that your installation complies with the appropriate regulat ions and codes before installing th e ant e nna.

Antenna Placement

To achieve maximum perfo rmance for your wireless outdoor connection, the ORiNOCO Outdoor Ante nna must have clear line-of- si gh t. Li ne-of-sight can be defined as:
■ No obstacles in the direct path between the two antennas.
■ No obstacles within a defined zone around the antenna beam.
You need to be aware that th e shape of a radio beam is not str aight and narrow like a laser beam. The radio beam, also referred to as Fresnel Zone “bulged” in the middle, l ik e fo r e xam ple a “rugby ball”. The exact shape and width of the Fresnel Zone is determined by the path length and frequency of the radio signal.
1 Pronounced as “Fray-Nell”
2-8 ORiNOCO Outdoor Antenna Installation Guide
1
, is rather
Preparing for Installation
Overview of the Outdoor Installation
If any si gnificant part of this zone is obstruct ed, a porti on of the ra dio energy will be lost, resulting in reduced performance. Reduced performance may also occur when obstacles that are close to the antenna beam cause signal reflections or noise that interfere with th e ra dio si gnal.
Figure 2-3 shows som e typical examples of obs tacles tha t y ou m ust avoid for the Directional Antenna to operate effectively:
a. Neighboring Buildings b. Trees or other obstructio ns c. Power lines To allow optimal performance you will need to ensure that the type and
placement of the antennas leaves sufficient clearance of the Fresnel Zone at the maximum width of the bulge, typically at the mid-point between the antennas. For more information turn to Chapter 3 “Determine Range & Clearance”.
Figure 2-3 Potential Obstacles for a D irecti onal Antenna
ORiNOCO Outdoor Antenna Installation Guide 2-9
Preparing for Installation
Overview of the Outdoor Installation
To minimize the influence of ob stac les, si gnal interference or reflec tions please note the following guidelines:
■ Mount the antenna as high as possible above the “ground” to allow
maximum clearance:
■ In open areas “ground” is the actual surface of the earth
■ In dense urban areas “ground” is to be interpreted as the height of the
highest obstacle in the sign al path be tw een the two antenna sites.
■ Avoid trees in the signal path to avoid sig nal absorption due to dynami c
changes in seasons (leav es/ice).
■ Install the antenna at least 2 m (6 ft) away from all other antennas.
Other situations where reflections of the radio signal may cause interference are environments where larg e reflecting surfaces exist in parallel or partly perpendicular to the an t enna beam.
Environments with larg e re f le ct ive surfaces include:
■ Mirrored-glass buildings
■ Crowded parking lots
■ Water or moist earth and moist vegetation
■ Above ground power/tel ephone lines
Weather conditions su ch as rain or snow usually will not have much impact on the performance of your ORiNOCO Outdoor System, provided that you sealed all cable connectors using the weather-proof i ng tape.
Seasonal factors th at cou ld have an effect on signal propagatio n m ay occur in the following situations:
■ A marginal communications quality in late fall (w i th no leaves on trees in the
signal path) might fail in the summer.
■ In winter, an antenna link may fail when the antenna is exposed to ice
buildup, or when the antenna elements are covered w ith snow.
NOTE:
Radio paths over water or ex trem ely flat ground may requi re optimization of antenna height at one end of the path. This i s due to reflections adding in- phase or out-of-phase. Ad ju st m ent of antenna height by 1 to 3 meters sho ul d m ove the signal from a null to a pea k.
In these cases consult your supplier to take appropriate steps to maintain or optimize wireless performance.
2-10 ORiNOCO Outdoor Antenna Installation Guide
Preparing for Installation
Overview of the Outdoor Installation

Antenna Mast/Wall Bracket

Basically there are two way s to erect an antenna mast:
■ “Tripod Mount”
■ “Wall (Side) Mount”
Tripod Mount
The tripod mount is used pr im arily on peaked and flat roof s. The antenna mast must be secured to the roof using 3 or 4 guy wires that are equally spaced around the mast. When th e height of the antenna mast is m or e t han 3 meters (10 ft), you are advised to use at least three guy wires for each 3 m et er (10 ft) section of the mast.
Wall (Side) Mount
A wall (side) mount allows for mo unting an antenna (mast) on the side of a building or on the side of an el evator penthouse. This wi ll pr ovide a convenient mounting location when the roof overhang is not excessive and/or the location is high enough to provide a clear line of sight.
In most situations mounting an antenna directly to the wall will not allow you to properly align the antenna with the corresponding ant en na at the opposite end of your wireless link. As poor alignment will typically result in poor performance, Lucent Technologies advises you to always mount the antennas to a ma st.
Antenna Mast Requirements
To accommodate the ORiNOCO antennas, the antenna mast must satisfy the following requirements:
a. The construction of the mast must be of a st ur dy, weatherproof and non-
corrosive material like for example galvanized or stainless steel construction pipe.
b. Typical diameter of the mast should be between 35 mm (1.4 in.) and 41 mm
(1.625 in.). Subject to the type of ant enna that you intend to install othe r diameters may be possible as well.
c. The height of the antenna mast must be sufficient to allow the antenna to be
installed at least 1.5 m (5 ft.) above the peak of roof. If the roof is metal, then the height of the antenna shou ld be a m in i m um of 3 m (10 ft) above the roo f (see also Chapter 3“Determine R ange & Clearance”).
d. The mast or wall-bracket must be free from any substance that may prevent
a good electrical connec tion with the antenna; for exam pl e , paint .
ORiNOCO Outdoor Antenna Installation Guide 2-11
Preparing for Installation
Overview of the Outdoor Installation

Grounding System

Direct grounding of the antenna mast, ORiNOCO Outdoor Router bridge and ORiNOCO Surge Arrester is very important.
A safety grounding system is necessary to prot ect your ORiNOCO Outdo or installation from lightning strikes and the build-up of static ele ctri c ity.
!
WARNING:
The antenna mast, ORiNOCO Outdoor Router and ORiNOCO Surge Arrester must be connected to the same ground, using an equipotential bonding conductor. A good electrical connection should be made to one or more ground rods, using at least a 10AWG ground wire and non-corrosive hardware. The grounding syst em m ust comply with the National Electrical Code and safety standards that appl y in your country. Always check with a qualified electrician if you are in doubt as to whether your ORiNOCO Outdoor installation is proper ly gr ounded.
Antenna Alignment
For optimal performance of your wireless link, make sure that the antennas are properly aligned (faci ng one another “eye-to-eye”). To align the antennas:
■ Use a pair of binoculars and/or a m ap of the area and compass to poi nt th e
antennas to one another.
■ Use the Wireless Link Test option of the OR Manager as described in the
"ORiNOCO OR Manager - User’s Guide" to analyze the radio link quality. The Wireless Link Test option will enable you to display the strength of the
ORiNOCO radio signal related to the noise that may be appear in the signal path.
Looking at the Wireless Link Test screen, you can interactively optimize antenna alignment if requ i red , by m aking small modifications in the antenna orientation.
■ Alternatively, consult a professional Antenna Installation Service to optimize
the antenna alignment.
Omni-directional ant ennas are characterized by a wide radiation pattern. Therefore alignment of this type of antennas is l ess crit i cal than for directional antennas.
2-12 ORiNOCO Outdoor Antenna Installation Guide
Preparing for Installation
Overview of the Outdoor Installation
Figure 2-4 OR Man ager Wireless Link Test
Antenna Polarization
The standard mounting method for Lucent Technologies outdoor antennas is designed for vertical polar iz at i on.
In some cases you might co nsi der mounting the anten na f or h or izontal polarization. For example to minimize the influence of cross-talk between antennas when:
■ You plan to mount multiple di re ct io na l an te nnas to the same mast.
■ Your wireless link “crosses” another radio beam from a nei ghb oring
installation.
Mounting for horizontal pola rization is only supported by the Lucent Technologies 14 dBi Directional Antenna and 2 4 dBi D i rec t ional Parabolic Grid Antenna.
NOTE:
For optimal wireless perfor m ance you must always ver ify tha t the polarization on both ends of the wireless link is the same for both antennas.
Consult the corresponding appendices for instructions on alternating the antenna polarization.
ORiNOCO Outdoor Antenna Installation Guide 2-13
Preparing for Installation
Overview of the Outdoor Installation

Antenna Cable Routing

The antenna cable must be routed and fixed in such a way to clear the passage area for installati on technicians.
All connectors that ar e l ocated outdoors, must have a we at he rproof seal. You are advised to seal connect ors only after you have completed final radio tests.
2-14 ORiNOCO Outdoor Antenna Installation Guide
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