Loop Telecom IP6610 User Manual

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LOOP-IP6610

E1/DS1/DTE/DCE ROUTER

USER'S MANUAL

LOOP TELECOMMUNICATION INTERNATIONAL, INC.

8F, NO. 8, HSIN ANN RD.

SCIENCE-BASED INDUSTRIAL PARK

HSINCHU, TAIWAN

Tel: +886-3-578-7696

Fax: +886-3-578-7695

LoopTelecom.com

Version 33 23 MAR 2011

TABLE OF CONTENTS

1 PRODUCT DESCRIPTION ................................................................................................................. 1

1.1 DESCRIPTION................................................................................................................................ 1

1.2 APPLICATIONS............................................................................................................................... 2

1.3 SPECIFICATIONS............................................................................................................................ 4

2 LOOP-IP6610 INSTALLATION........................................................................................................... 6

2.1 SITE SELECTION............................................................................................................................ 6

2.2 MECHANICAL INSTALLATION ............................................................................................................ 6

2.2.1 Desktop Installation................................................................................................................. 6

2.3 FRONT PANEL CONSOLE PORT AND LEDS....................................................................................... 6

2.3.1 IP 6610 DTE Front Panel and Rear Panel ............................................................................... 6

2.4 CONSOLE PORT ............................................................................................................................ 6

2.5 REAR PANEL CONNECTORS AND SWITCH......................................................................................... 7

2.5.1 Power Connection................................................................................................................... 7

2.5.2 Ethernet Connection ............................................................................................................... 6

2.5.3 Line Connections .................................................................................................................... 6

2.5.4 DTE Connections.................................................................................................................... 6

2.6 MAIN BOARD JUMPER SELECTION ................................................................................................... 6

2.6.1 DS1-inband............................................................................................................................. 6

3 OPERATION....................................................................................................................................... 7

3.1 QUICK START FOR LOOP-IP6610 ROUTER ...................................................................................... 7

3.2 POWER ON .................................................................................................................................. 7

3.3 SELF-TEST ................................................................................................................................... 7

3.4 USING A TERMINAL........................................................................................................................ 7

3.5 REVIEW AND DEFAULT SETTINGS ................................................................................................... 7

3.6 WAN1 TIMESLOT MAP SETUP ........................................................................................................ 7

3.7 SYSTEM OPERATION...................................................................................................................... 8

3.7.1 Date........................................................................................................................................ 8

3.7.2 Console Port........................................................................................................................... 8

3.7.3 Login and Logout .................................................................................................................... 8

3.8 CONFIGURATION ........................................................................................................................... 8

3.9 LINE CONFIGURATION .................................................................................................................... 8

3.9.1 E1/DS1 Line Configuration ...................................................................................................... 8

3.9.2 DTE Line Configuration ......................................................................................................... 11

3.10 REPORTS ................................................................................................................................... 11

3.11 LED OPERATION......................................................................................................................... 12

3.12 ALARMS AND REPORTS ................................................................................................................ 13

3.12.1 Alarms.............................................................................................................................. 13

3.12.2 Reports............................................................................................................................. 14

3.13 UNIT ALARM CODE FILTERS.......................................................................................................... 15

3.14 EMBEDDED SNMP AGENT ........................................................................................................... 15

3.15 RIP1 AND RIP2 ROUTING PROTOCOLS.......................................................................................... 16

3.16 VERIFYING LOOP-IP 6610 OPERATIONS......................................................................................... 17

3.16.1 Independent Test .............................................................................................................. 17

3.16.2 Substitution....................................................................................................................... 17

3.16.3 Using Loopback Plugs ...................................................................................................... 17

3.16.4 Using the Bert Test Set..................................................................................................... 18

4 MAINTENANCE................................................................................................................................ 19

4.1 SELF-TEST ................................................................................................................................. 19

4.2 DIAGNOSTICS.............................................................................................................................. 19

4.3 LOOPBACKS................................................................................................................................ 19

4.3.1 Near End Loopbacks............................................................................................................. 19

4.3.2 Far End Loopbacks............................................................................................................... 20

4.4 TEST PATTERN ........................................................................................................................... 21

4.4.1 3-in-24 Pattern...................................................................................................................... 21

4.4.2 1-in-8 Pattern........................................................................................................................ 21

4.4.3 2-in-8 Pattern........................................................................................................................ 21

5 LOOP-IP6610 SETUP....................................................................................................................... 22

5.1 SETTING UP THE IP6610 ............................................................................................................. 22

5.1.1 VT-100 Monitor Connection .................................................................................................. 22

5.1.2 VT-100 Monitor Serial Port Setup.......................................................................................... 22

5.2 LOGIN, PASSWORD, SAVE, LOGOUT, AND RESET ........................................................................... 23

5.2.1 Password.............................................................................................................................. 24

5.2.2 Save ..................................................................................................................................... 24

5.2.3 Logout .................................................................................................................................. 24

5.2.4 Resetting the Loop-IP 6610................................................................................................... 24

5.3 WAN1 SETUP............................................................................................................................ 24

5.4 LAN1 SETUP .............................................................................................................................. 26

6 DHCP SERVER SETUP.................................................................................................................... 27

6.1 OVERVIEW ................................................................................................................................. 27

6.2 DHCP SETUP COMMANDS ........................................................................................................... 28

6.3 STEP BY STEP SETUP INSTRUCTIONS ............................................................................................ 29

6.4 DHCP RELAY SETUP................................................................................................................... 32

6.4.1 DHCP Relay Step by Step Setup .......................................................................................... 33

7 FRAME RELAY SETUP.................................................................................................................... 34

7.1 OVERVIEW ................................................................................................................................. 34

7.2 FRAME RELAY SETUP COMMANDS................................................................................................. 35

7.3 STEP BY STEP SETUP INSTRUCTIONS ............................................................................................ 36

8 IP ROUTING SETUP ........................................................................................................................ 38

8.1 OVERVIEW ................................................................................................................................. 38

8.2 ROUTING ADMIN COMMANDS ........................................................................................................ 38

8.3 STEP BY STEP SETUP INSTRUCTIONS ............................................................................................ 39

9 IP ROUTING WITH NETWORK ADDRESS TRANSLATION............................................................ 43

9.1 OVERVIEW ................................................................................................................................. 43

9.2 ROUTING ADMIN COMMANDS ........................................................................................................ 43

9.3 STEP BY STEP SETUP INSTRUCTIONS ............................................................................................ 44

10 PACKET FILTERING SETUP........................................................................................................... 47

10.1 OVERVIEW ................................................................................................................................. 47

10.2 PACKET FILTERING ADMIN COMMANDS .......................................................................................... 47

10.3 STEP BY STEP SETUP INSTRUCTIONS ............................................................................................ 48

11 PORT FORWARDING - VIRTUAL SERVICE.................................................................................... 51

11.1 OVERVIEW ................................................................................................................................. 51

11.2 PORT FORW ARDING - VIRTUAL SERVICE COMMANDS ...................................................................... 51

11.3 STEP BY STEP SETUP INSTRUCTIONS ............................................................................................ 52

12 QOS.................................................................................................................................................. 54

12.1 OVERVIEW ................................................................................................................................. 54

12.2 POLICY SYNTAX .......................................................................................................................... 54

12.2.1 Policy add......................................................................................................................... 54

12.2.2 Policy delete ..................................................................................................................... 55

12.2.3 Policy display.................................................................................................................... 55

iii

12.3 STEP BY STEP SETUP INSTRUCTIONS ............................................................................................ 55

13 REMOTE BRIDGE SETUP ............................................................................................................... 58

13.1 OVERVIEW ................................................................................................................................. 58

13.2 BRIDGE ADMIN COMMANDS .......................................................................................................... 59

13.3 STEP BY STEP SETUP INSTRUCTIONS ............................................................................................ 59

14 SNMP CONFIGURATION SETUP .................................................................................................... 63

14.1 OVERVIEW ................................................................................................................................. 63

14.2 NETWORK MANAGEMENT ADMIN COMMANDS................................................................................. 63

14.3 STEP BY STEP INSTRUCTIONS....................................................................................................... 63

15 STP/RSTP SETUP ........................................................................................................................... 66

15.1 OVERVIEW ................................................................................................................................. 66

15.2 STP/RSTP SETUP COMMANDS .................................................................................................... 68

15.3 STEP BY STEP SETUP INSTRUCTIONS ............................................................................................ 69

16 VLAN................................................................................................................................................ 73

16.1 OVERVIEW ................................................................................................................................. 73

16.2 VLAN AND MAC TABLES ............................................................................................................. 74

16.2.1 VLAN Table...................................................................................................................... 74

16.2.2 MAC Table ....................................................................................................................... 75

16.2.3 Vlan Port .......................................................................................................................... 75

16.3 VLAN COMMANDS AND SETUP INSTRUCTIONS................................................................................ 76

16.3.1 Application #1 (Fig. 15-1) Step by Step Setup Instructions ................................................ 77

16.3.2 Application #2 (Fig. 15-2) Step by Step Setup Instructions ................................................ 79

17 VLAN STACKING (Q-IN-Q) SETUP ................................................................................................. 83

17.1 OVERVIEW ................................................................................................................................. 83

17.2 VLAN STACKING......................................................................................................................... 83

17.3 DEFINITIONS ............................................................................................................................... 84

17.4 VLAN STACKING COMMANDS AND SETUP INSTRUCTIONS ................................................................ 85

17.5 SETUP EXAMPLE ......................................................................................................................... 86

17.5.1 Sample Setup Example 1.................................................................................................. 86

18 PPP AUTHENTICATION .................................................................................................................. 87

18.1 OVERVIEW ................................................................................................................................. 87

19 MODEM DIAL-UP............................................................................................................................. 89

19.1 OVERVIEW ................................................................................................................................. 89

20 SETTING UP FIRMWARE/CONFIGURATION UP/DOWNLOAD WITH TFTP SERVER................... 91

20.1 OVERVIEW ................................................................................................................................. 91

20.1.1 Upload/Download With The TFTP Server on The LAN Side.............................................. 91

20.1.2 Upload/Download With The TFTP Server on An Outside Network .................................... 92

20.2 STEP BY STEP SETUP INSTRUCTIONS ............................................................................................ 94

20.2.1 Configuration Upload ........................................................................................................ 94

20.2.2 Configuration Download.................................................................................................... 95

20.2.3 Firmware Download.......................................................................................................... 95

21 APPENDIX A: OPERATION COMMANDS ...................................................................................... 97

21.1 COMMAND LINE INTERFACE CONFIGURATION.................................................................................. 97

21.2 COMMAND USAGE ......................................................................................................................116

21.2.1 ACO Command ...............................................................................................................116

21.2.2 Add Commands...............................................................................................................116

21.2.3 Delete Commands...........................................................................................................119

21.2.4 Exit Commands ...............................................................................................................125

21.2.5 Load Commands .............................................................................................................125

21.2.6 Login/Logout Commands.................................................................................................125

21.2.7 Ping Command................................................................................................................126

21.2.8 Reset Commands............................................................................................................126

21.2.9 Save Configuration Command .........................................................................................126

21.2.10 Set Commands................................................................................................................126

21.2.11 Show Commands ............................................................................................................145

21.2.12 Traceroute Command......................................................................................................149

21.2.13 Upload Configuration Command ......................................................................................150

21.2.14 E1 Commands.................................................................................................................150

21.2.15 DS1 Commands ..............................................................................................................153

21.2.17 DTE Commands..............................................................................................................157

21.2.17 DCE Commands..............................................................................................................159

22 APPENDIX B CONVERTING A SUBNET MASK TO BINARY CODE .............................................160

23 APPENDIX C - ROUTER ACTIVATION PROCEDURE....................................................................162

24 APPENDIX D – APPLICATION NOTE.............................................................................................164

24.1 LAYER 3 MEDIA CONVERTER APPLICATION....................................................................................164

24.2 MOBILE ATM APPLICATION .........................................................................................................165

LIST OF FIGURES

Figure 1-1 Loop-IP 6610 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------1 Figure 1-2 Application Illustration ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------2 Figure 1-3 Mobile ATM Solution --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------2 Figure 1-4 Ethernet to Data Transmission Solution --------------------------------------------------------------------------2 Figure 2-1 Loop-IP 6610 Front Panel (Single Ethernet)---------------------------------------------------------------------6 Figure 2-2 Loop-IP6610 DTE Front Panel (Four Ethernet) ---------------------------------------------------------------6 Figure 2-3 Loop-IP6610 DTE Front Panel (Single Ethernet)---------------------------------------------------------------6 Figure 2-4 Loop-IP 6610 DTE Rear Panel (EIA 530) with AC Power (1 Port)-----------------------------------------6 Figure 2-5 Loop-IP 6610 DTE Rear Panel (EIA 530) with DC Power (1 Port) -----------------------------------------6 Figure 2-6 Loop-IP 6610 DTE Rear Panel (EIA 530) with AC Power (4 Port)-----------------------------------------6 Figure 2-7 Loop-IP 6610 DTE Rear Panel (EIA 530) with DC Power (4 Port) -----------------------------------------6 Figure 2-8 Loop-IP 6610 Rear Panel Views-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------7 Figure 2-9 Main Board Jumper Selection---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------6 Figure 2-10 Daughter Board Jumper3 Selection------------------------------------------------------------------------------6 Figure 3-1 SNMP Connection---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 16 Figure 4-1 DS1 Loopback Block Diagram ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 19 Figure 4-2 E1 Loopback Block Diagram -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 20 Figure 4-3 DTE Loopback Block Diagram ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 20 Figure 5-1 VT-100 Monitor Connection---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 22 Figure 6-1 DHCP Application ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 27 Figure 6-2 DHCP Relay Setup--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 32 Figure 7-1 Frame Relay Application ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 34 Figure 8-1 IP Routing Setup ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 38 Figure 9-1 Setting Up IP Routing with Network Address Translation -------------------------------------------------- 43 Figure 10-1 IP Routing Setup for Packet Filtering Mode ----------------------------------------------------------------- 47 Figure 11-1 Port Forwarding - Virtual Service Application --------------------------------------------------------------- 51 Figure 12-1 QoS Application ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 56 Figure 13-1 Remote Bridge Mode Setup-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 58 Figure 15-1 Normal STP Link---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 66 Figure 15-2 Restored STP Link ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 67 Figure 16-1 VLAN Application #1 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 73 Figure 16-2 VLAN Application #2 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 74 Figure 17-1 Transparently Conveying VLAN-enabled Customer Traffic---------------------------------------------- 83 Figure 17-2 802.1Q Encapsulation --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 83 Figure 17-3 802.1ad (QinQ) encapsulation----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 83 Figure 17-4 SVLAN Setup Diagram-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 86 Figure 18-1 PPP application ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 87 Figure 19-1 AT modem application -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 89 Figure 20-1 Firmware/Configuration Up/Download with TFTP Server on LAN Side------------------------------- 91 Figure 20-2 Firmware/Configuration Up/Download with TFTP Server on Outside Network --------------------- 92 Figure 23-1 VT-100 Terminal -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 162 Figure 24-1 Layer 3 Media Converter Application ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 164 Figure 24-2 Mobil ATM Application with Fixed IP ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 165 Figure 24-3 Mobil ATM Application with Dynamic IP -------------------------------------------------------------------- 166

LIST OF TABLES

Table 2-1 Console Port Pin Assignment ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------7 Table 2-2 RJ45 10/100M Ethernet Connector Pin Assignment-----------------------------------------------------------6 Table 2-3 E1/RJ48 Connector Pin Assignment -------------------------------------------------------------------------------6 Table 2-4 DS1/RJ48 Connector Pin Assignment -----------------------------------------------------------------------------6 Table 2-5 V.35/M34 DTE Port Pin Definition ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------6 Table 2-6 V.35/RS-422 DB25 DTE Port Pin Definition ----------------------------------------------------------------------7 Table 2-7 EIA530/DB25 DTE Port Pin Definition -----------------------------------------------------------------------------6 Table 2-8 X.21/DB15 DTE Port Pin Definition ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------6 Table 2-9 RS232/DB25 DTE Port Pin Definition ------------------------------------------------------------------------------6 Table 2-10 DB37 DTE Port Pin Definition --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------6 Table 2-11 Jumper3 Definition ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------6 Table 3-1 Console Port Default Setting -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------8 Table 3-2 E1 Line Default Setting ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------8 Table 3-3 DS1 Line Default Setting ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------9 Table 3-4 DTE Line Default Setting -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 11 Table 3-5 Performance Parameter List - E1 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 11 Table 3-6 Performance Parameter List - DS1 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 12 Table 3-7 Front Panel LED Indication ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 12 Table 3-8 E1 Alarm Type Table ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 13 Table 5-1 VT-100 Monitor Parameters Default Setting-------------------------------------------------------------------- 23 Table 5-2 WAN1 Admin Commands –E1------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 25 Table 5-3 WAN1 Admin Commands –DS1 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 25 Table 5-4 LAN1 Admin Commands -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 26 Table 6-1 DHCP Setup Commands-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 28 Table 6-2 DHCP Relay Admin Commands----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 32 Table 7-1 Frame Relay Setup Commands ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 35 Table 8-1 Routing Admin Commands ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 38 Table 9-1 Routing Admin Commands ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 43 Table 10-1 Packet Filtering Admin Commands ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- 47 Table 11-1 Port Forwarding - Virtual Service Commands---------------------------------------------------------------- 51 Table 13-1 Bridge Admin Commands ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 59 Table 14-1 Network Management Admin Commands-------------------------------------------------------------------- 63 Table 15-1 STP/RSTP Setup Commands ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 68 Table 16-1 VLAN Table ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 74 Table 16-2 MAC Table ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 75 Table 16-3 VLAN Port ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 75 Table 16-4 Unit Commands ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 76 Table 17-1 Egress Process------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 84 Table 17-2 VLAN Stacking Unit Commands --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 85 Table 17-3 SVLAN Parameter Value Table ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 86 Table 21-1 Unit Command Parameters --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 98 Table 21-2 E1 Command Lines ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 110 Table 21-3 DS1 Command Lines --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 112 Table 21-4 DTE Command Lines--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 114 Table 21-5 DCE Command Lines--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 115 Table 21-6 Set Spantree Cost Table----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 136

Bitte führen Sie das Gerät am Ende seinerLewbensdauer den zue Verfügung stehended Rückgabeund Sammelsystemen zu.

At the end of the product's useful life, please dispose of it at appropriate collection points provided in your country

Une fois le produit en fin devie, veuillez le déposer dans un point de recyclage approprié.

Para preservar el medio ambiente, al final dela vida útil de su producto, depositelo en los laguares destinado aello de acuerdo con la legislación vigente.

No final de vida útil do producto, por favor coloque no ponto de recolha apropriado.

I Onde tutelare l'ambiente, non buttate l'apparecchio trai i normali rifiuti al termine della sua vita utile, ma portatelo presso i punti di raccolta specifici per questi rifiuti previsti dalla normativa vigente.

Wij raden u aan het apparant aan het einde van zijn nuttige levensduur, niet bij hey gewone huisafval te deponeren, maar op de dearvoor bestemde adressen.

Når produktet er udtjent, bor det børtskaffes via de sæ rlige indsamlingssteder i landet.

Ved slutten av produktets levetid bør det avhendes på en kommunal miljøstasjon eller leveres til en elektroforhandler.

Lämna vänligen in produkten på lämplig återvinningsstation när den är förbrukad.

FIN

Hävitä tuote käytöiän päättyessä viemällä se asianmukaiseen keräyspisteeseen.

Gdy produkt nie nadaje sie juz do dalszego uzytku, nalezy zostawic go w jednym ze specjalnych punktów zajmujacych sie zbiórka zuzytych producktów w wybranych miejscach na terenie kraju.

Po skončení jeho životnosti odložte prosím výrobek na přislušném sbĕrném místé zřízeném dle předpisů ve vaší zemi.

Po skončení jeho životnosti odovzdajte prosím zariadenie na príslušnom zbernom mieste podía platných miestnych predpisov a noriem.

SLO

Ko se izdelku izteče življenska doba, ga odnesite na ustrezno zbirno mesto oziroma ga odvrzite v skladu z veljavnimi predpisi.

Στο Тέλος тης λειτουργικής Ζωής του προϊόντος παρακαλώ Πετξτε το στα ειōικά σημεία που Παρέχονται οτη χωρα σας.

PRC 當產品使用壽命結束,請在你的國家所提供的適當地點做好回收處理

Chapter 1 Product Description

1 Product Description

1.1 Description

The Loop-IP6610 Router provides connectivity from 10/100 BaseT to E1, DS1, DTE, or DCE interface in a small metal box. This unit is a low cost access router with an E1/FE1(or DS1/FDS1) line interface and a 10/100 Ethernet interface.

The Loop-IP6610 supports multiple routing protocol including static route, RIP I, RIP II, and multiple WAN link layer protocol including PPP and HDLC. It is perfect for small and medium sized businesses (SMBs) using it as an access WAN router. The Loop-IP 6610 integrates E1/DS1 CSU/DSU and an optional built-in single port Ethernet switch to provide cost effective access solution for SMBs or branch offices. It also supports a user-friendly Command Line Interface (CLI), an SNMP management interface and user-friendly web management.

The Loop-IP6610 Router supports a DB9S console port, which allows users to execute in-service diagnostics and fault isolation from a local or remote terminal. The Loop-IP6610 Router also allows remote site to Telnet communication via the Ethernet port or the WAN port. The IP6610 Router provides multicolored LED indicators on the front panel and an ACO (Alarm Cut-Off) button.

Figure 1-1 Loop-IP 6610

Chapter 1 Product Description

1.2 Applications

Figure 1-2 Application Illustration

Figure 1-3 Mobile ATM Solution

Figure 1-4 Ethernet to Data Transmission Solution

Loop-IP 6610

WAN

E1/DS1/DTE

10/100 BaseT

LAN

Chapter 1 Product Description

Some common applications of the Loop-IP6610 unit are:

1. Remote Bridge Setup (Chapter 3) 2 IP Routing Setup (Chapter 8)

3. IP Routing Setup with Network Address Translation (NAT) (Chapter 9)

4. Frame Relay Setup (Chapter 7)

5. IP routing with NAT (Chapter 11)

6. Packet Filtering Setup (Chapter 12)

7. Port Forwarding - Virtual Service (Chapter 13) Complete setup instructions for each of these applications can be found in the listed chapters.

Chapter 1 Product Description

1.3 Specifications

E1 Line Interface

Line Rate 2.048 Mbps ± 50 ppm Data Rate User configurable:

n x 64Kbps (n=1 to 31) – ITU G.704

2048Kbps (clear channel) – ITU G.703 Line Code AMI/ HDB3 (selectable) Output signal ITU G.703 Input signal ITU G.703 Jitter ITU G.823 Electrical

75 coax/120 twisted pair Connector BNC (75 ohm), RJ48C (120 ohm, twisted pair) (ordering option) Compliance ITU G.703, ITU G.704 (E1 unframed, E1 framed)

DS1 Line Interface

Line Rate

1.544 Mbps  32 ppm Data Rate n x 64Kbps (n=1-24) Line Code AMI/B8ZS Framing D4/ESF Output Signal DSX-1 w/0, -7.5, -15 dB LBO Input Signal DSX-1 0dB to –30dB w/ALBO Jitter AT&T TR 62411 Connector DA15S or RJ48C Pulse Template AT&T TR 62411 Surge Protection FCC Part 68 Sub Part D

DTE Interface- V.35

Connector DB25 Male Data Rate Up to 8.192 Mbps

DTE Interface-RS449/V.36

Conversion Cable DB25 Male to DB37 Female conversion cable Data Rate Up to 8.192 Mbps

DTE Interface- EIA530

Connector DB25 Male Data Rate Up to 8.192 Mbps

DTE Interface-RS232

Connector DB25 Male Data Rate Synchronous : Up to 128 Kbps

Asynchronous: 2.4K, 4.8K, 9.6K, 9.2K, 34.8K, 57.6K, 115.2Kbps

Function AT command

DTE Interface- X.21

Connector DB15 Male Data Rate Up to 8.192 Mbps

DCE Interface-V.35

Connector DB25 Female Data Rate 2.048 Mbps

Physical Interface

˙ WAN: E1/FE1, DS1/FDS1 (Integrated CSU/DSU)

 DTE (V.35/ V.36/ X.21/ RS232/ EIA530/ RS449)  DCE (V.35)

˙ LAN: 10/100 Base-T Ethernet port

Chapter 1 Product Description

WAN Interface

 Single WAN port  E1/FE1, DS1/FDS1 (Integrated CSU/DSU), DTE (V.35/ V.36/ X.21/ RS232/ EIA530/ RS449)

Ethernet Bridge (BR ordering option)

˙ Layer 2 protocol: HDLC, PPP(PAP/CHAP)/BCP, Frame Relay (up to 10 Frame Relay PVCs), Cisco compatible

HDLC

˙ Remote bridge support (padding/ un-padding Ethernet CRC checksum) ˙ User configurable aging time ˙ Up to 16K MAC Table ˙ Cisco ISL packet transparent ˙ VLAN packet transparent, maximum frame size 2032 bytes ˙ Bridge with management IP ˙ 802.1w Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol ˙ Bridge option can be software upgraded to Router (see Layer2, Bridge mode available for transparent bridging) ˙ Support IEEE 802.1q VLAN ˙ Support IEEE 802.1ad Q-in-Q

IP Router (RT ordering option)

˙ Static Route, RIP v1 & v2 ˙ Layer 2 protocol: HDLC, PPP(PAP/CHAP)/IPCP, Frame Relay (up to 10 Frame Relay PVCs), Cisco compatible

HDLC

˙ PAP and CHAP ˙ For E1 WAN, In-band management channel on dedicated TS ˙ NAT/NAPT ˙ Port Forwarding: Static/dynamic address/port forwarding table for NAT and NAPT

LAN Interface

˙ One or four Ethernet ports ˙ Embedded Ethernet switch for four Ethernet ports ˙ Conforms to the relevant sections of IEEE 802.3/802.3u ˙ Support SNMP management ˙ Physical interface 10/100 Mbps, Speed auto-sensing, Half/full duplex auto-negotiation, Auto MDI-X ˙ RJ45 connector

DHCP

˙ DHCP server support for LAN users (RFC2131, RFC2132) ˙ BOOTP compatible

SNTP

˙ SNTP client support ˙ Sync with up to 4 time servers

Access Control & Firewall (RT)

˙ Packet filtering based on

Inbound/outbound direction Source/destination IP address Protocol types (ICMP, TCP, UDP) Port number range

˙ Up to 4 control lists

Chapter 1 Product Description

QoS

˙ QoS based on rate limit ˙ Classification based on

 Outbound direction  Source/destination IP address  Protocol types  Port number range  DSCP

Management

˙ Support SNMP v1/v2 ˙ MIB: MIBII, Transmission MIB ˙ Telnet ˙ SSH ˙ HTTP W eb-based management ˙ Serial console with CLI, DB9 / RS232 ˙ TFTP firmware download ˙ Configuration upload/ download ˙ SNMP/ Telnet via data channel/ In-band Management channel

Administration & Diagnostics

˙ Ping ˙ Trace route ˙ Loopback

Diagnostics Test

Loopbacks For E1/ DS1: Line Loopback, Payload Loopback For DTE: DTE to DTE Loopback Test Pattern For E1: 15-bit PRBS, 3-in-24, 1-in-8, 2-in-8, 1:1 For DS1: 20-bit QRSS, 3-in-24, 1-in-8, 2-in-8, 1:1 Idle Channel For E1: Use of idle channel to perform PRBS diagnostic test For DS1: Use of idle channel to perform QRSS diagnostic test

Performance Monitor

Performance Store Last 24 hours performance in 15-minute intervals and last 7 days in 24-hour summary line, user, and

remote site

Performance Reports

Date & Time, Error Second, Unavailable Second, Burst Error Second, Severe Error Second,

Controlled Slip Second, and Loss of Frame Count Alarm History Date & Time, Alarm Type, and Location Alarm Queue Maximum 40 alarm records which record the latest alarm type, location, and date & time

Electrical

 AC: Full range support 100 – 240V  DC: -24V or -48V support

 Power consumption: Max. 6 watt

Physical

Dimensions 210 x 41.5 x 140 mm. (WxHxD) Temperature 0 -50°C Humidity 0-95% RH (NON-CONDENSING) Mounting Desk-top stackable, wall mount

Compliance

EMC FCC15 Class A EN300 386, EN55022, EN55024 Safety UL60950 ETL/ETLC, IEC60950 CB, EN60950 Network FCC68, CS-03

Chapter 2 Loop-IP6610 Installation

2 Loop-IP6610 Installation

2.1 Site Selection

The following list indicates a site selection guideline. Users need to follow this guideline to select a proper installation site.

1. Location of the Loop-IP 6610unit should be part of the central office equipment layout design.

Consideration should be given to entrance cable routing.

2. The installation site should provide proper room for adequate ventilation and cable routing. Reserve at

least 0.5 m at the rear of the unit for human access, cables, and air flow.

3. The site should provide a stable environment. The operating area should be clean and free from

extremes of temperature, humidity, shock, and vibration.

4. Relative humidity should stay between 0 and 95%.

2.2 Mechanical Installation

The Loop-IP 6610 is designed to be used as a desktop unit.

2.2.1 Desktop Installation.

For proper desktop installation work through the sequence of events below in the order that they appear.

2.2.1.1 Chassis Grounding

For stand alone units a dedicated chassis ground screw and lock washer is provided. The chassis ground screw is located on the right side of the rear panel.

When attaching a ground wire to the chassis ground screw, please follow these instructions.

 Use copper grounding conductors of 18 AWG  Conductors should not be of dissimilar metals.  The bare conductors should be coated with anti-oxidant before crimp connections are made.  Any unplated connection surfaces, connectors, braided strap and bus bars must be bought to a bright

finish and coated with anti-oxidant before connections are made.

CAUTION:

 Never install telephone wiring during a lightning storm.  Never install telephone jacks in wet locations unless the jack is specifically

designed for wet locations.

 Never touch un-insulated telephone wires or terminals unless the

telephone line has been disconnected at the network interface.

 Use caution when installing or modifying telephone lines.

Chapter 2 Loop-IP6610 Installation

2.2.1.2 Power

The power connection on your unit will be either AC 100-240V or DC 20-60V. An optional DC 36-75V power connection is also available. Before attaching any power supply, check the label on the rear of the Loop-IP 6610 unit to ensure that you connect the unit to the correct power source. The power switch at the rear of the unit should be in the OFF position while you connect the power source. See Section 2.5, Rear Panel Connectors and Switch.

Caution: Do not (under any circumstances) connect the Loop-IP unit to a power source that is inconsistent with the power rating that is labeled on the rear of the Loop device.

2.2.1.3 Line Connections

You can now make your line and Ethernet connections.

Step 1 Connect the Loop-IP 6610 to a LAN

Connect the LAN to the 10/100 Ethernet port of the IP 6610. Because the Loop-IP 6610 supports MDI/MDIX auto crossover, you can use either a parallel or a crossover cable to make the connection.

Step 2 Connect the E1/DS1 Line to the Loop-IP 6610

If you are using a RJ48 (E1/DS1) line connector, plug it into the IP 6610’s RJ 48 receptacle. If you are using BNC (E1)connectors, plug them in. The BNC receptacles on the IP 6610 are clearly labeled RX-IN and TX-OUT.

Chapter 2 Loop-IP6610 Installation

2.3 Front Panel Console Port and LEDS

The Loop-IP6610 is a stackable desktop unit. The front and rear panels are shown in the following figures. The LEDs on the front panel indicate unit performance. The console port provides access for a VT-100 monitor for unit setup.

Loop-IP

LINE

ALARM

POWER

ACO

WAN

10/100

LINK/ACT

DOWN

LAN

9600,N.8,1

CONSOLE

Figure 2-1 Loop-IP 6610 Front Panel (Single Ethernet)

2.3.1 IP 6610 DTE Front Panel and Rear Panel

The Loop-IP6610 DTE Front Panels are shown in the following figures.

Figure 2-2 Loop-IP6610 DTE Front Panel (Four Ethernet)

Figure 2-3 Loop-IP6610 DTE Front Panel (Single Ethernet)

There are six DTE and one DCT options available. They are: V.35, V.36, RS232, EIA530, X.21 and RS422 for DTE interface, and one V.35 for DCE interface. Each of these options is available in AC 1 Port, AC 4 Port, DC 1 Port and DC 4 Port versions.

The sample illustration from Figure 2-4 to 2-7 below depicts the rear panel views for the EIA530 DTE option. The rear panel views for the other DTE/DCE options are similar.

Chapter 2 Loop-IP6610 Installation

Figure 2-4 Loop-IP 6610 DTE Rear Panel (EIA 530) with AC Power (1 Port)

Figure 2-5 Loop-IP 6610 DTE Rear Panel (EIA 530) with DC Power (1 Port)

Figure 2-6 Loop-IP 6610 DTE Rear Panel (EIA 530) with AC Power (4 Port)

Figure 2-7 Loop-IP 6610 DTE Rear Panel (EIA 530) with DC Power (4 Port)

2.4 Console Port

To use the RS232 interface to configure the unit, use a straight cable to connect a VDS100 terminal to the DB9 jack (Console Port) on the front panel of the Loop-IP6610. The VDS100 terminal can be a PC running VDS100 emulator software. The unit is configured as a DCE.

Chapter 2 Loop-IP6610 Installation

Console Port pin assignments are listed in table 2-1 below.

Table 2-1 Console Port Pin Assignment

Pin Number Signal Source

1 Data Carrier Detect To DTE 2 Receive Data To DTE 3 Transmit Data From DTE 4 Unassigned 5 Signal Ground 6 Data Set Ready To DTE 7 Unassigned 8 Clear to send To DTE

2.5 Rear Panel Connectors and Switch

The rear panel provides access (from left to right) to the power connector, On/Off switch, RJ45 10/100M Ethernet connection, and RJ48 (E1/DS1) and BNC (E1) line connections.

-V +V

50-60Hz, 0.15A MAX.

AC power supply DC power supply

1 2

48 V 0.2A

24 V 0.4A

AC LINE, 100-240VAC

Rear Panel for main unit with 4-port Ethernet switch

Rear Panel for main unit with 1-port Ethernet

RX-IN TX-OUT

10/100

1234

RX-IN TX-OUT

10/100

Power Supply

Figure 2-8 Loop-IP 6610 Rear Panel Views

2.5.1 Power Connection

The power connection on your unit will be either AC 100-240V or DC 20-60V. An optional DC 36-75V power connection is available.

Chapter 2 Loop-IP6610 Installation

2.5.2 Ethernet Connection

RJ45 10/100M Ethernet connection pin assignments are listed in Table 2-2 below.

Table 2-2 RJ45 10/100M Ethernet Connector Pin Assignment

Pin Number Signal Signal Direction

1 Transmit Data + Output from IP 6610 2 Transmit Data - Output from IP 6610 3 Receive Data + Input to IP 6610 4 No Connection 5 No Connection 6 Receive Data - Input to IP 6610 7 No Connection 8 No Connection

Note: The Ethernet interface supports Auto MDI/MDI-X and will work with either a parallel or a crossover cable.

2.5.3 Line Connections

Line connections are either via BNC( E1) connectors or RJ48 (E1/DS1) connectors. E1 and DS1 pin assignments for the RJ48 connector are listed in Tables 2-3 and 2-4, below.

Table 2-3 E1/RJ48 Connector Pin Assignment

Pin Number Signal Signal Direction

1 Receive Ring From E1 Network 2 Receive Tip From E1 Network 3 Unassigned 4 Transmit Ring To E1 Network 5 Transmit Tip To E1 Network 6 Unassigned 7 Shield Ground 8 Shield Ground

Table 2-4 DS1/RJ48 Connector Pin Assignment

Pin Number Signal Signal Direction

1 Receive Ring From DS1 Network* 2 Receive Tip From DS1 Network* 3 Unassigned 4 Transmit Ring To DS1 Network* 5 Transmit Tip To DS1 Network* 6 Unassigned 7 Shield Ground 8 Shield Ground

Chapter 2 Loop-IP6610 Installation

2.5.4 DTE Connections

The DTE Port is configured as a DCE device. There are six different DTE boards: V.35/M34, V.35/DB25, EIA530/DB25,X.21/DB15, and RS232/DB25; and one DCE board: V.35 Female. Pin definitions are defined in Table 2-5 to 10.

Table 2-5 V.35/M34 DTE Port Pin Definition

Pin Number Signal Source

A Cable Shield

B Signal Ground

C Request To Send DTE

D Clear To Send DCE

E Data Set Ready DCE

F Data Carrier Detect DCE

H Data Terminal Ready DTE

J Unassigned

K Unassigned

L Local Loopback DTE

M Unassigned

N Remote Loopback DTE

P Transmit Data DTE

R Receive Data DCE

S Transmit Data Return DTE

T Receive Data Return DCE

U External Clock DTE

V Receive Clock DCE

W External Clock Return DTE

X Receive Clock Return DCE

Y Transmit Clock DCE

Z Unassigned

AA Transmit Clock Return DCE

BB Unassigned

CC Unassigned

DD Unassigned

EE Unassigned

FF Unassigned

HH Unassigned

JJ Unassigned

KK Unassigned

LL Unassigned

MM Unassigned

NN Test Mode DCE

Chapter 2 Loop-IP6610 Installation

Table 2-6 V.35/RS-422 DB25 DTE Port Pin Definition

Pin Number Signal Source

1 Cable Shield

2 Transmit Data DTE

3 Receive Data DCE

4 Request To Send DTE

5 Clear To Send DCE

6 Data Set Ready DCE

7 Signal Ground

8 Data Carrier Detect DCE

9 Receive Clock Return DCE

10 Unassigned

11 External Clock Return DTE

12 Transmit Clock Return DCE

13 Unassigned

14 Transmit Data Return DTE

15 Transmit Clock DCE

16 Receive Data Return DCE

17 Receive Clock DCE

18 Local Loopback DTE

19 Unassigned

20 Data Terminal Ready DTE

21 Remote Loopback DTE

22 Unassigned

23 Unassigned

24 External Clock DTE

25 Test Mode DCE

Chapter 2 Loop-IP6610 Installation

Table 2-7 EIA530/DB25 DTE Port Pin Definition

Pin Number Signal Source

1 Cable Shield

2 Transmit Data DTE

3 Receive Data DCE

4 Request To Send DTE

5 Clear To Send DCE

6 Data Set Ready DCE

7 Signal Ground

8 Data Carrier Detect DCE

9 Receive Clock Return DCE

10 Data Carrier Detect Return DCE

11 External Clock Return DTE

12 Transmit Clock Return DCE

13 Clear To Send Return DCE

14 Transmit Data Return DTE

15 Transmit Clock DCE

16 Receive Data Return DCE

17 Receive Clock DCE

18 Local Loopback DTE

19 Request To Send Return DTE

20 Data Terminal Ready DTE

21 Remote Loopback DTE

22 Data Set Ready Return DCE

23 Data Terminal Ready Return DTE

24 External Clock DTE

25 Test Mode DCE

Chapter 2 Loop-IP6610 Installation

Table 2-8 X.21/DB15 DTE Port Pin Definition

Pin Number Signal Source

1 Cable Shield

2 Transmit Data DTE

3 Control DTE

4 Receive Data DCE

5 Indication DCE

6 Signal Timing DCE

7 External Clock DTE

8 Signal Ground

9 Transmit Data Return DTE

10 Control Return DTE

11 Receive Data Return DCE

12 Indication Return DCE

13 Signal Timing Return DCE

14 External Clock Return DTE

15 Unassigned

Chapter 2 Loop-IP6610 Installation

Table 2-9 RS232/DB25 DTE Port Pin Definition

Pin Number Signal Source

1 Cable Shield

2 Transmit Data DTE

3 Receive Data DCE

4 Request To Send DTE

5 Clear To Send DCE

6 Data Set Ready DCE

7 Signal Ground

8 Data Carrier Detect DCE

9 Unassigned

10 Unassigned

11 Unassigned

12 Unassigned

13 Unassigned

14 Unassigned

15 Transmit Clock DCE

16 Unassigned

17 Receive Clock DCE

18 Local Loopback DTE

19 Unassigned

20 Data Terminal Ready DTE

21 Remote Loopback DTE

22 Unassigned

23 Unassigned

24 External Clock DTE

25 Test Mode DCE

Chapter 2 Loop-IP6610 Installation

Table 2-10 DB37 DTE Port Pin Definition

Pin Number Signal Source

1 Cable Shield

2 Unassigned

3 Unassigned

4 Transmit Data DTE

5 Transmit Clock DCE

6 Receive Data DCE

7 Request To Send DTE

8 Receive Clock DCE

9 Clear To Send DCE

10 Local Loopback DTE

11 Data Set Ready DCE

12 Data Terminal Ready DTE

13 Data Carrier Detect DCE

14 Remote Loopback DTE

15 Unassigned

16 Unassigned

17 External Clock DTE

18 Test Mode DCE

19 Signal Ground

20 Unassigned

21 Unassigned

22 Transmit Data Return DTE

23 Transmit Clock Return DCE

24 Receive Data Return DCE

25 Request To Send Return DTE

26 Receive Clock Return DCE

27 Clear To Send Return DCE

28 Unassigned

29 Data Set Ready Return DCE

30 Data Terminal Ready Return DTE

31 Data Carrier Detect Return DCE

32 Unassigned

33 Unassigned

34 Unassigned

35 External Clock Return DTE

36 Unassigned

37 Unassigned

Chapter 2 Loop-IP6610 Installation

2.6 Main Board Jumper Selection

The figure below, (not to scale) illustrates jumper selection on the Main Board. The Line Interface and Ethernet Port selections in the box (dotted border) at the top of the diagram are determined by software settings. The other settings are made by connecting pins with a jumper. All settings are made at the factory in accordance with the customer’s order.

BNC BNCRJ

Console Port

Impedance Selection

Ethernet Port: ON = 4 Ports

OFF = 1 Port

Ground Selection:

E1 BNC TX Ring to GND or E1/T1 RJ Pins 7 & 8 to GND. Short = ON

Open = OFF

E1 BNC RX Ring to GND Selection:

Short = ON Open = OFF

Note: T1 mode does not have

this option.

Line Interface Selection

E1-RJ = OFF OFF E1-BNC = ON OFF T1-RJ = OFF ON

Line Interface

ON = boot up from the other

bank of the flash memory

ON = DC OFF = AC

OFF = E1 RJ Mode

BNC

E1 RJ

T1T1

BNC

Note: There are no BNC's when in T1 mode.

JP4

JP9

JP11 JP16

JP10

JP12 JP14

JP17

Figure 2-9 Main Board Jumper Selection

Chapter 2 Loop-IP6610 Installation

JP8

JP6

JP4

JP2JP1

JP9

JP7

JP5

JP3

JP10

Figure 2-10 Daughter Board Jumper3 Selection

Figure 2-10, above, illustrates jumper3 selection on the Daughter Board. All settings are made at the factory in accordance with the customer’s order.

The table below shows the jumper3 definition.

Table 2-11 Jumper3 Definition

JP2 JP4 JP6 JP8 JP10

Jumper 3

Selection

JP1 JP3 JP5 JP7 JP9

2.6.1 DS1

OFF ON ON ON OFF

V35

ON ON ON OFF ON

V36

ON ON ON OFF OFF

EIA530

ON ON OFF ON ON

X21

ON ON OFF ON OFF

RS232

ON ON OFF OFF ON

RS422

ON ON OFF OFF OFF

Chapter 3 Operation

3 Operation

This chapter describes the Loop-IP6610 configuration options and operational functions. Refer to subsequent chapters for detailed instructions regarding specific applications.

3.1 Quick Start for Loop-IP6610 Router

After installation, the user will want to become familiar with the equipment immediately. The following abbreviated instructions will give the user a quick start.

3.2 Power On

After following the installation instructions in Chapter 2, power up the unit. It will go through a self-test procedure.

3.3 Self-Test

At system power up, a complete self-test routine is run to check all I/O ports, read/write memory, and data paths to validate system integrity. After the system boots up, the WAN-UP LED will be on if no error is found. If an error is found, the WAN-DOWN light will be on and the user should power down the unit and check all connections and cables before powering it up again.

Note: Sometimes PPP needs a few seconds to do initial negotiation with the peer router, so the WAN-UP LED may be off for a few seconds even when nothing is wrong.

3.4 Using A Terminal

To use the RS232 interface to configure the unit, use a straight cable to connect a VDS100 terminal to the DB9 jack (Console Port) on the front panel of the Loop-IP 6610. The VDS100 terminal can be a PC running VDS100 emulator software. The unit is configured as a DCE.

3.5 Review and Default Settings

After the user has logged on, the default settings can be viewed or changed by keying in the appropriate show or set commands. There are two levels of commands: Operator commands and Admin commands. Operator commands allow the display of information only. Admin commands allow both display and setup of various functions.

For example, Operator>show will bring up an information display. Only Admin commands (eg.

Admin>set, Admin>add, etc.) will allow setting changes.

Note: After keying in your command you must press the Enter key. Appendix A in Chapter 11 lists the

common admin commands.

3.6 WAN1 Timeslot Map Setup

To view MAP settings, key in show wan1 timeslot or show wan1 timeslot. Then press the Enter key. Changing the MAP settings requires either a terminal or a connection through the Ethernet to a management system.

Chapter 3 Operation

3.7 System Operation

3.7.1 Date

The Loop-IP6610 has no Real Time Clock. The user can set the time and date when the system is powered up. If the unit is powered down, this setting will be lost. The default time is 9/29/2003 12:00:00.

The Loop-IP 6610 supports SNTC, so the user can set up time servers and activate the NTP function to synchronize the system whenever it boots up.

3.7.2 Console Port

The console port allows the user either to use a local VT-100 terminal or a remote VT-100 terminal via modem for system configuration, diagnostics, polling status reports, etc. See Chapter 4, Section 4.1.1, VT100 Monitor Connection for setup instructions.

Table 3-1 Console Port Default Setting

Item Options Default

Baud 38400, 19200, 9600, 2400, 1200 9600

Data Bit 8, 7 bit per byte 8

Stop Bit 2, 1 bit 1

Parity Bit NONE, EVEN, ODD NONE

3.7.3 Login and Logout

To log onto the system as a specific user, use the command login admin or login operator. The login operator command allows system display only. The user must use the login admin command to

change any configuration settings.

3.8 Configuration

All commands take effect immediately except for: activate routing, download configuration, and download firmware. Those commands take effect after the unit is powered down and then powered up

again.

3.9 Line Configuration

3.9.1 E1/DS1 Line Configuration

A detailed option list for E1 and DS1 line configurations are shown in Table 3-2 and 3-3, below. The paragraphs following the tables describe each item.

Table 3-2 E1 Line Default Setting

Item Options Factory Default Setting

Frame Format Mode ON, OFF FAS (ON) Line Code Mode AMI, HDB3 HDB3 CRC ON, OFF ON MF (CAS) ON, OFF OFF Idle Code 0x00 ~ 0xFF 0xD5 RAI ON, OFF ON

Chapter 3 Operation

Primary Clock Line, Internal Line Secondary Clock Line, Internal Internal LoopbackTimer

086400

Table 3-3 DS1 Line Default Setting

Item Options Default

Frame Format Mode D4, ESF , ESF&DS1.403 ESF Line Code Mode AMI, B8ZS B8ZS Yellow Alarm ON, OFF ON Inband Signaling ON, OFF ON Equalization Line Build Out

Long haul: 0, -7.5, -15 dB 0

Idle Code 0x00 - 0xFF FF Primary Clock Line, Internal Line Secondary Clock Line, Internal Internal Loopback Timer

086400

3.9.1.1 Frame Format

For the E1 line interface, the frame format is ITU G.704. Either 2-frame, or 16-frame structure can be selected. Only the 16-frame provides CRC.

For the DS1 line interface, either D4 or ESF frame format is available. In ESF frame format mode, user can choose either AT&T or ANSI facility data link protocol. ESF & DS1.403 chooses ANSI ESF data link protocol and one second performance report will be sent to the network every second automatically. Also, ANSI and AT&T data link message is acceptable in ANSI ESF frame format mode. However, AT&T ESF frame format mode only accepts AT&T ESF data link protocol. DS1 supports G.802 mode, called DS1 FRAME NONE mode, which can only map to DS1 same mode, or E1 port full channel map.

E1 supports clear channel mode, called E1 FRAME OFF mode, which can map to E1 same mode or DTE port (full 32-channel map).

3.9.1.2 Line Code

For the DS1 line interface, either AMI (Alternate Mark Inverting) or B8ZS (bipolar with 8 zero substitution) line code format can be chosen. For the E1 line interface, either AMI (Alternate Mark Inverting) or HDB3 (high density bipolar of length 3) line code format can be chosen. Be sure this setting matches that of the network.

3.9.1.3 RAI / YEL

Remote Alarm Indication, or Yellow alarm in DS1 parlance, transmits a return signal back out to indicate loss of signal and loss of frame sync at the receiving side of the port. This action can be turned ON or OFF.

Normally, when the yellow alarm is turned ON for a port, that port will activate the alarm dependent on the received signal and independent of other ports.

3.9.1.4 Equalization (Line Build-Out)

For the DS1 line long haul interface, the transmit LBO (line build-out) can be programmed to either 0 dB, -

7.5 dB, or -15 dB. RC

For two frame mode, set CRC to OFF. For multiframe mode, set CRC to ON.

Chapter 3 Operation

E1 can be used in two frame or multiframe mode. If CRC is OFF, 2 frame format results. If CRC is ON, 16 frame format results. For E1, the cyclic redundancy check function can be turned ON or OFF. Unlike bipolar violation, which can monitor only one span, CRC allows error monitoring through multiple spans of DS0 lines. For E1, if CAS is ON, a 16-frame structure is used, which is independent of the 16-frame structure for CRC. A proprietary facility data link is implemented in both modes to facilitate remote system control and performance and statistics monitoring.

For DS1, the CRC function is embedded in the ESF frame format, which if chosen, is always on.

3.9.1.5 Facility Data Link - In-Band Signaling

A proprietary facility data link, FDL, is used for E1 and in-band signaling is used for DS1, to achieve remote system control and performance and statistics monitoring.

3.9.1.6 AIS

AIS, alarm indication signal, notifies the far end that a loopback and diagnostic test are in progress. Thus customer signals are blocked. The AIS can be sent two ways. In the framed mode, all time slots will have all ones sent but the framing pattern will be preserved. In the unframed mode, all ones are sent for all time slots.

3.9.1.7 CAS

For voice channels, the signaling information, which included such signals as on-hook, and ringing, can be carried by two methods. One is by a completely independent channel managed by the system operator, in which case no action is needed by the local equipment (CAS is OFF). Another is by CAS where the signaling information is carried in the same bit stream as the voice channel. In this second method, for time slot interchange, the signaling bits must be routed along with the voice channels to the proper destination. Thus the Loop unit must be told, when CAS is used, to turn the CAS option to ON. Setting MF to Off turns CAS off. Setting MF to On turns CAS on.

For E1, CAS (Channel-Associated Signaling) is a method for sending signaling information where time slot 16 of the E1 format is shared for each of 30 other time slots within the same E1. OFF designation is for CAS disabled. For E1, when disabled, the 256N multiframe is used when time slot 16 is available to the user. The maximum number of time slots available for payload is 31. ON designation is for CAS enabled. When enabled, the 256S multiframe is used when time slot 16 is reserved for the transmission for end-toend signaling using CAS. The maximum number of times slots available for payload is then 30.

For DS1, CAS, when ON, is where "robbed-bit signaling" takes place. This places the signaling information, once every 6 frames, in bit 7 (least significant bit) of the associated time slot, replacing the information bit at that location. When CAS is OFF, robbed-bit signaling will not take place. When ON, robbed-bit signaling is permitted for voice channels. For channels designated as DATA, robbed-bit signaling is not performed.

3.9.1.8 Idle Code

Any DS0 time slot, which is not assigned to the WAN port, is an idle time slot. An idle code is transmitted on idle DS0 time slots. The idle time slot may be programmed to any bit pattern from 0x00 to 0xFF. (The prefix 0x is to indicate that hex follows.)

NOTE: Due to ones-density requirement, it is advised that idle code be set as 0xD5 for E1 (which is the factory default). Otherwise, the idle code must be programmed to contain at least two bits of '1'.

3.9.1.9 Loopback Timer

The Loopback Timer menu is used to set the loopback time. When a loopback is issued via the WAN port, the WAN port will be unavailable while the loopback is in effect, and thus cannot be used to turn the loopback off. If you are going to issue a loopback via the Wan port you must set the loopback timer for a period (in seconds) suitable to your testing requirements. If you are not planning to do any loopback testing via the WAN port, leave the timer at its default settling of “60” seconds.

Chapter 3 Operation

The purpose of the timer is to prevent the irretrievable loss of your WAN line while doing loopback testing. When you are not performing loopback testing via the WAN port you can ignore the timer.

3.9.2 DTE Line Configuration

A detailed option list for DTE line configurations are shown in Table 3-4 below.

Table 3-4 DTE Line Default Setting

Item Options Default

dcd ON, OFF ON cts ON, OFF ON dsr ON, OFF ON rts ON, OFF ON dtr ON, OFF ON Tx_clock Normal, Inverted Normal Rx_clock Normal, Inverted Normal Tx_data Normal, Inverted Normal Rx_data Normal, Inverted Normal LL ON, OFF OFF RL ON, OFF OFF

3.10 Reports

For E1, the Loop-I 6610 has two sets of performance registers. These are line and user. The line performance register tracks the line receiver performance status. The user performance register tracks the line receiver as well, but may be cleared at any time. Each performance parameter has ninety six sets of registers to record 24 hours history in 15 minute intervals.

The E1 Performance Parameters are listed in Table 3-5, below.

Table 3-5 Performance Parameter List - E1

Performance

Parameter

Description

Definition 2

Frame/Multiframe

Definition 16

Frame/Multiframe

ES Error Second

BPV1, OOF1, or CS1 CRC1, OOF1, or CS1 BES Bursty Error Second 1 < BPV < 2048 1 < CRC <805 SES Severe Error Second

BPV  2048, or OOF  1 CRC  805, or OOF  1 OOF Out of Frame 1 frame sync loss in 6

consecutive frames

1 frame sync loss in 6 consecutive frames

LOFC Loss Of Frame Count

OOF for 2.5 0.5 sec OOF for 2.5 0.5 sec UAS Unavailable Second

 10 consecutive SES  10 consecutive SES CSS Controlled Slip

Second

frame slip  1 frame slip  1

Chapter 3 Operation

The DS1 Performance Parameters are listed in Table 3-6, below.

Table 3-6 Performance Parameter List - DS1

Performance

Parameter

Description Definition (DS1/D4) Definition (ESF)

ES Error Second BPV1, OOF1, or CS1. CRC  1, OOF 1, or CS 1. BES Bursty Error Second 1 < BPV < 1544 1 < CRC < 320 SES Severe Error Second BPV  1544, or OOF  1 CRC  320, or OOF  1 CSS Controlled Slip Second frame slip  1 frame slip  1 OOF Out of Frame 2 frame bit error in 6

consecutive frame bits

2 frame bit error in 6

consecutive frame bits LOFC Loss Of Frame Count OOF for 2.5 0.5 sec OOF for 2.5 0.5 sec UAS Unavailable Second 10 consecutive SES 10 consecutive SES BPV Bipolar Violation Bipolar Error Count Bipolar Error Count ESF CRC Error,

or Out Of Frame

(not used, always 0) CRC error or OOF

3.11 LED Operation

The front panel of the single Ethernet port IP-6610 has seven LEDs. They are for: Power, Line, Alarm, WAN UP, WAN DOWN, Ethernet Link/Active, and Ethernet duplex mode. LED Indications are listed in Table 3-7, below.

Table 3-7 Front Panel LED Indication

LED Color Indication

POWER

Off Green

Power off Power on

ALARM

Off Red

Normal Alarm happens

DTE/DCE

Red Flash Green Green

Dte unsync A dte-side loopback is active Dte sync

LINE

Off Flashing Green Green Amber Flashing Amber Red

No E1 line card exist A line-side loopback is active E1 line frame sync Receive RAI (Remote Alarm Indication) from E1 line Receive AIS from E1 line Loss of Frame Alignment

UP Green WAN UP

W A N

Down Red WAN Down

LINK/ ACT

Off Green Flashing Green

No Ethernet connection or Link fail Link Active

L A N

10/100

Off Green

10Mbps 100Mbps

Chapter 3 Operation

3.12 Alarms and Reports

3.12.1 Alarms

The Loop-IP 6610 has many types of alarms as listed in Tables 3-7 (E1) , 3-8 (DS1) and 3-9 (DTE) below. Also, the Loop-IP 6610 has an alarm queue which records the latest 100 alarms with time stamp. Loop-IP 6610 also has alarm history and alarm status registers which is used to track the alarm count. Each alarm can be individually enabled or disabled. When disabled, no action is taken. When enabled, alarm counter increments on the occurrence of the specific type of alarm. When an alarm occurs or the counter threshold is exceeded, alarm is triggered.

All alarms are disabled by default.

Individual fault counts are updated every second. Bipolar Violation (BPV) counts are updated every second, but the BPV alarm is based on an average Bit Error Rate (BER) that is calculated over a 15-minute interval. Therefore, BPV alarm status is updated every 15 minutes after the average BER is calculated. If the average BPV rate exceeds the preset threshold i.e., from 10-9 up to 10-5, an alarm can be declared (assuming BPV alarm is enabled). ES and UAS employ threshold-triggered alarms, but these alarms are declared as soon as the recorded account exceeds the preset threshold. The 15-minute integration interval does not apply to ES and UAS alarms. Alarm register states are reset every 15 minutes, but preserved in the Alarm History display.

Table 3-8 E1 Alarm Type Table

Alarm Type Alarm Description Threshold

"MAST-CLK LOSS" Master Clock Loss no "RAI,LINE" E1 Line RAI (Remote Alarm Indication) no "AIS,LINE" E1 Line Alarm Indication Signal no "LOS,LINE" E1 Line Loss of Signal no "LOF,LINE" E1 Line Loss of Frame no "BPV,LINE" E1 Line Bipolar Violation 10E- (5, 6, 7, 8, 9) yes (default 5) "ES,LINE" E1 Line Error Second (1 to 900) yes (default 1) "UAS,LINE" E1 Line Unavailable Second (1 to 900) yes (default 1) "CSS,LINE" E1 Line Control Slip Second (1 to 900) yes (default 1)

Table 3- 9 DS1 Alarm Type Table

Alarm Type Alarm Description Threshold

"MAST-CLK LOSS" Master Clock Loss no "YEL, LINE" DS1 Line Yellow Alarm no "AIS, LINE" DS1 Line Alarm Indication Signal no "LOS, LINE" DS1 Line Loss of Signal no "LOF, LINE" DS1 Line Loss of Frame no "BPV, LINE" DS1 Line Bipolar Violation 10E- (5, 6, 7, 8, 9) yes (default 5) "ES, LINE" DS1 Line Error Second (0 to 900) yes (default 1) "UAS, LINE" DS1 Line Unavailable Second (0 to 900) yes (default 1) "CSS, LINE" DS1 Line Control Slip Second (0 to 900) yes (default 1)

Chapter 3 Operation

Table 3- 10 DTE Alarm Type Table

Alarm Type Alarm Description Threshold

"dcd" Data carrier detect no

"cts" Clear to send no

"dsr" Data set ready no

3.12.2 Reports

The performance and statistics parameters are listed in Tables 3-10 and 3-11, below. Each performance parameter has 96 sets of registers to record 24-hour history in 15-minute intervals.

Table 3- 11 E1 Statistics Parameter List

Statistics Parameter Description

%AS Available Second

%EFS Error Free Second %ES Error Second %BES Bursty Error Second %SES Severe Error Second %CSS Controlled Slip Second

Table 3- 12 DS1 Statistics Parameter List

Statistics Parameter Description

%AS Available Second

%EFS Error Free Second %ES Error Second %BES Bursty Error Second %SES Severe Error Second %CSS Controlled Slip Second

Table 3-11, lists the types of reports available, performance parameters provided by each report, and the reset commands for each report.

Table 3- 13 Performance Report Options

Chapter 3 Operation

Report Type Category Report

[Menu Command] ES UAS BES SES CSS BPV

1-Hour Terminal USER [Network] Y Y Y Y Y -Reports LINE [Network] N/C N/C N/C N/C N/C --

24-Hour Terminal USER [Network] Y Y Y Y Y Y Reports LINE [Network] N/C N/C N/C N/C N/C N/C

Y = Report available and can be cleared by admin terminal command “Y”. X = Report available and can be cleared by admin terminal command “X”. N/C = No clear. Report available, but counts cannot be cleared by the user.

-- = Report not available.

3.13 Unit Alarm Code Filters

A filtering system exists to bring hierarchical order to alarm types. These filters separate the alarm types into various categories that are listed in Table 3-12, below.

Table 3- 14 Alarm Code Hierarchy

Alarm Code Hierarchy

Alarm Type Object ID Description

MCLK_LOSS_ALARM

1.3.6.1.4.1.823.6612.2.4.1.1.2.0

Indicates Line Master clock los alarm at local site

YEL_ALARM

1.3.6.1.4.1.823.6612.2.4.1.1.2.1

Indicates Line YEL alarm at local site

AIS_ALARM

1.3.6.1.4.1.823.6612.2.4.1.1.2.2

Indicates Line AIS alarm at local site

LOS_ALARM

1.3.6.1.4.1.823.6612.2.4.1.1.2.3

Indicates Line LOS alarm at local site

LOF_ALARM

1.3.6.1.4.1.823.6612.2.4.1.1.2.4

Indicates Line LOF alarm at local site

BPV_ALARM

1.3.6.1.4.1.823.6612.2.4.1.1.2.5

Indicates Line BPV alarm at local site

ES_ALARM

1.3.6.1.4.1.823.6612.2.4.1.1.2.6

Indicates Line ES alarm at local site

UAS_ALARM

1.3.6.1.4.1.823.6612.2.4.1.1.2.7

Indicates Line UAS alarm at local site

CSS_ALARM

1.3.6.1.4.1.823.6612.2.4.1.1.2.8

Indicates Line CSS alarm at local site

ETHER1_ALARM

1.3.6.1.4.1.823.6612.2.4.1.1.2.9

Indicates Ethernet 1 up or down

ETHER2_ALARM

1.3.6.1.4.1.823.6612.2.4.1.1.2.10

Indicates Ethernet 2 up or down

ETHER3_ALARM

1.3.6.1.4.1.823.6612.2.4.1.1.2.11

Indicates Ethernet 3 up or down

ETHER4_ALARM

1.3.6.1.4.1.823.6612.2.4.1.1.2.12

Indicates Ethernet 4 up or down

DCD_ALARM

1.3.6.1.4.1.823.6612.2.4.1.1.2.13

Indicates DTE DCD alarm at local site

CTS_ALARM

1.3.6.1.4.1.823.6612.2.4.1.1.2.14

Indicates DTE CTS alarm at local site

DSR_ALARM

1.3.6.1.4.1.823.6612.2.4.1.1.2.15

Indicates DTE DSR alarm at local site

3.14 Embedded SNMP Agent

The embedded SNMP agent for Loop-IP 6610 offers standard RFC 1213 MIB II and RFC 1406 DS1 MIB as well as Loop Telecom's enterprise MIB. Network manager can use any SNMP compatible network

Chapter 3 Operation

management system such as Sun Connect's Sun Net Manager and Hewlett-Packard's HP Open View to monitor and control Loop-IP 6610 series. This enables the user to integrate WAN equipment management with LAN SNMP network management systems.

Figure 3-1 SNMP Connection

Once the SNMP agent is activated, user can verify whether the Loop-IP 6610 is running successfully by using ping command to check if Loop-IP 6610 series is responding or not.

eg. $ ping 192.1.100.45

192.1.100.45 is alive Please refer to each respective SNMP manager operation instruction to incorporate the Loop-IP 6610 series

enterprise MIB to the system.

The user can use a Telnet program which simulates a VDS100 to access the Loop-IP 6610 command screen. A maximum of four users at a time can use the Telnet connection to the Loop-IP 6610. Because the IP 6610 uses Ethernet or E1 for its Telnet connection, the user does not have to set the console port’s baud rate.

3.15 RIP1 and RIP2 Routing Protocols

For the internet and for private networks, IP (Internet Protocol) is the worlds most commonly used language. In the IP, protocol defines a means by which routing equipment can select the optimum route for transmitting data packets from one network to another. Two common protocols are RIP1 (Routing Information Protocol Version 1) and RIP2 (Routing Information Protocol Version 2).

RIP1 was initially developed as an internal gateway protocol which allowed information to be exchanged within an autonomous system. An autonomous system can be defined as a set of routers under the same administration. Such a system normally contains anywhere from one to a few hundred routers but no limit to the number of routers is defined.

RIP1 was developed when most autonomous systems generally had less than one hundred routers. In RIP1 traffic is passed between the source and the destination IP addresses in the packet via the least possible number of jumps. To determine the best path between subnets, routers exchange information on a regular basis. Every 30 seconds a router broadcasts RIP1 information on all router interfaces. After receiving RIP1 information from other routers, the router receiving the packets processes the information to determine if a better path is available.

Without going into great detail, it can be simply said that RIP1, while still a very useful protocol, does have inefficiencies when used on a large autonomous system. RIP2 was developed to address some of these inefficiencies.

Network Management

System

Loop-IP 6610

Ethernet

Chapter 3 Operation

3.16 Verifying Loop-IP 6610 Operations

The purpose of this section is not to help the user determine where a possible fault in the network may lie. For this, the user needs to know the exact geometry of the network. Then standard network trouble shooting procedures should be followed, which involve sectionalizing the network and performing loopback tests on pieces of the network.

The purpose here is to help the user determine whether the Loop-IP 6610 equipment is at fault after tests have pointed a suspicious finger at this equipment. The procedures outlined here depend on test equipment and other equipment the user may have on hand.

The organization of these procedures starts from the simple to the complex. The procedure ends when a definitive conclusion is made that the Loop-IP 6610 equipment is at fault. To verify that the Loop-IP 6610 equipment is not at fault, specialized equipment such as a BERT (bit error rate test) set is needed.

3.16.1 Independent Test

Remove all line and connections to the Loop-IP 6610. Remove power. After a few seconds, re-apply power. Observe the power-up self-test sequence. If this fails, then Loop-IP 6610 has failed. See if the LEDs show any abnormal displays. If yes, use the LED indications to guide the user to test other parts of the network, such as the E1 line.

Especially during initial installation, excessive errors may be due to (a) incorrect configuration of either Loop-IP 6610 or of the equipment at the other end of the line, or (b) due to faulty line installation, which results in excessive noise, cross talk, or impedance mismatch. Especially in electrically noisy environments, such as central offices, use of shielded cables is mandatory.

3.16.2 Substitution

If a spare Loop-IP 6610 plug-in is available, then replace the working one with the spare. The user must carefully configure the spare exactly as the working one. If the substitution clears the problem, then the original working one is suspect. Note that this is not definitive as other reasons may cause the same symptom. A good practice is to reconfigure the original one and swap once more.

If both units behave the same, then the problem is probably elsewhere.

3.16.3 Using Loopback Plugs

Without a spare, loopback plugs are handy for diagnosis. Note that internal loopback facilities of the Loop-IP 6610 do not include the interface circuitry. Thus a plug is needed for each interface to complete the tests. These plugs are wired such that signals from the Loop-IP 6610 are loopback by hard wire back to the receive pin of the same plug.

Replace the line connector with a loopback plug. Observe if the line is in sync. If not then Loop-IP 6610 has failed. Then perform a PRBS test towards the line. If this fails, then Loop-IP 6610 has failed.

Note that if a far end terminal is available, the first test should be a local line loopback to see if the line is good.

If tests with loopback plugs all pass, then the problem is probably elsewhere.

Chapter 3 Operation

3.16.4 Using the Bert Test Set

If a BERT (bit error rate test) set and another Loop-IP 6610 are available, such as the Fireberd 6000, then a comprehensive suite of test are available to examine the health of the Loop-IP 6610. If another Loop-IP 6610 is not available, use of the loopback plugs would provide some of the tests otherwise possible.

With a BERT, each of the ports of the Loop-IP 6610 can be tested individually. The user must configure the BERT in the exact way the Loop-IP 6610 is configured. This is easily done by comparing each of the options one by one. After checking that the configuration matches, if any one of the ports fails, then Loop-IP 6610 has failed.

Chapter 4 Maintenance

4 Maintenance

4.1 Self-Test

At system power up, a complete self-test routine is run to check all I/O ports, read/write memory, and data paths to validate system integrity. Various system diagnostic methodology can be found in the following paragraphs.

4.2 Diagnostics

A 15-bit register PRBS (Pseudo-Random Bit Sequence 215 -1) pattern, is used in the Loop-IP 6610. The PRBS test pattern is used to test local Loop-IP 6610 system integrity by local loopback test. It can also be used to measure the E1 line quality. The diagnostics scenario is as follows:

1. First, have the remote facility to loopback the DS0 channels.

2. Then, activate the local PRBS diagnostics operation. Use the Test command to enable PRBS.

3. The FULL PRBS diagnostic uses a framed pattern. This is useful for testing full E1 loopbacks at the farend.

When the PRBS pattern sync is found, a bit error counter tracks total bit errors. It is advised to send PRBS for more than 15 minutes interval to evaluate the quality of loop condition and facility reliability.

4.3 Loopbacks

4.3.1 Near End Loopbacks

The near end loopbacks such as line loopback and payload loopback are activated by the local IP6610 DS1. The loopbacks are at the near end facility. The following paragraph describes each loopback in detail.

Note: Deactivate the near-end loopbacks from the terminal.

MAC

Media Access

Controller

Processor

Line Port

(DS1)

DS1 Line

Payload

Loopback

Line

Driver

Line

Receiver

Line

Loopback

D S 1

F R A M E R

Figure 4-1 DS1 Loopback Block Diagram

Chapter 4 Maintenance

MAC

Media Access

Controller

Processor

Line Driver

Line

Receiver

E1 Link

E1 Line

Payload

Loopback

Line

Loopback

Figure 4-2 E1 Loopback Block Diagram

MAC

Media Access

Controller

DTE

Processor

Figure 4-3 DTE Loopback Block Diagram

4.3.1.1 Line Loopback and DTE Loopback

Line loopback is illustrated in Figure 4-1. The incoming DS1 line signal is looped back to the outgoing DS1 signal before the DS1 transceiver framer. This loopback is used to isolate the local equipment from a troubled DS1 transmission line. Line loopback test can be activated from the terminal.

4.3.1.2 Payload Loopback

Payload loopback is illustrated in Figure 4-1. The incoming signal is loopback to the outgoing DS1 signal after the DS1 transceiver framer. This loopback is used to isolate the DTE port from the troubled DS1 transmission line. Payload loopback test can be activated from the terminal.

4.3.2 Far End Loopbacks

Far-end loopbacks (remote line loopback, remote payload loopback) can be activated by the local ip6610 to cause a remote facility to perform the loopbacks. Inband codes, AT&T and ANSI FDL protocols, and proprietary codes are utilized to send remoter loopback commands to the far-end facility. Inband code words are supported by D4, ESF, or ESF&DS1.403 framing format. When using AT&T FDL messages, the Line port must be set for ESF or ESF&DS1.403 framing format. When using ANSI FDL messages, the Line port must be in ESF&DS1.403 framing format. All remote loopback can be activated from the terminal.

Chapter 4 Maintenance

If the remote facility responds to a remote loopback activate command, a LOOPED message appears in the lower left corner of the display. If the remote facility responds to a remote loopback deactivate command, a NOLOOP message appears. If the remote activation/deactivation fails, an error message appears.

It is best to use remote loopbacks in conjunction with QRSS diagnostics testing to measure the DS1 network line integrity. The procedure is as follows:

1. Send a remote loopback command to cause the remote facility to perform a loopback.

2. Activate the QRSS diagnostics test.

4.4 Test Pattern

Three test patterns are available to determine faults such as deficient clock recovery, fault ALBO level recovery, inadequate jitter margin, presence of bridge taps, and mis-optioned network interface. These four patterns are described in the following paragraph.

4.4.1 3-in-24 Pattern

This framed 3-in-24 pattern is transmitted within 31 DS0 channels. It tests the consecutive zeros requirement and useful to test AMI circuits.

The 3-in-24 pattern sequence is as follows,

(TS0) 01000100 00000000 00000100 01000 . . . . . (Left to Right)

(TS0) indicates frame alignment channel.

4.4.2 1-in-8 Pattern

This framed 1-in-8 pattern tests the ability of a circuit to support a pattern having the minimum ones density. It is useful to reveal a timing recovery problem.

Framed 1-in-8 pattern sequence is as follows,

(TS0) 01000000 01000000 0100 . . . . . (Left to Right)

(TS0) indicates frame alignment channel.

4.4.3 2-in-8 Pattern

This framed 2-in-8 pattern, in conjunction with the 1-in-8 Pattern, is useful when performing tests to reveal the presence of equivalent mis-optioned for HDB3. Use of 2-in-8 pattern will confirm the circuit's ability to support error free transmission when HDB3 substitution do not occur. When use this pattern frame alignment channel's Si (international bit) and Sa4 to Sa8 (FDL data link) must be set to 1. A framed 1-in-8 will cause a HDB3 substitution.

Framed 2-in-8 pattern sequence is as follows,

(TS0) 01000100 01000100 01 . . . . (Left to Right)

(TS0) indicates frame alignment channel.

Chapter 5 Loop-IP6610 Setup

5 Loop-IP6610 Setup

5.1 Setting Up the IP6610

5.1.1 VT-100 Monitor Connection

In order to properly set up the set up the Loop-IP 6610 you will need a VT-100 Monitor. A VT-100 Monitor is a PC running emulator software. Use a DB9 cable to connect the front Console Port of the IP 6610 to either Com Port 1or Com Port 2 of the PC you are using as a VT-100 monitor. It doesn’t matter which Com Port you connect to.

Note: Many newer PCs use USB Ports. If your computer has a USB port rather than COM ports you will need to purchase a commercially available PC USB to DB9 conversion cable. These cables come with software which, when loaded in a PC, will allow you to send keyboard commands through the PC’s USB Port to the DB9 Console Port of the Loop-IP 6610.

Figure 5-1 VT-100 Monitor Connection

5.1.2 VT-100 Monitor Serial Port Setup

Open your VT-100 emulator program. Left-click your mouse on Setup. A drop-down menu will appear. Left click your mouse on Serial port Setup.

A Serial port setup screen will appear as shown below.

Loop-IP

LINE

ALARM

POWER

ACO

WAN

10/100

LINK/ACT

DOWN

LAN

9600,N.8,1

CONSOLE

DB9 to PC's COM Port

or Laptop USB Port

Chapter 5 Loop-IP6610 Setup

Set Com Port to whichever Com Port you are connected to on your VT-100 monitor. Then select your other settings from Table 5-1 below.

Table 5-1 VT-100 Monitor Parameters Default Setting

Item Options Default

Baud 38400, 19200, 9600, 2400, 1200 9600

Data Bit 8, 7 bit per byte 8

Stop Bit 2, 1 bit 1

Parity Bit NONE, EVEN, ODD NONE

After selecting your settings left-click your mouse on OK. The setup screen will disappear. To save your setup, left-click Save setup with your mouse, as shown in the screen below.

You can save the setup in any directory you choose. For the sake of convenience we saved our setup in the Loopterm file on our desktop.

5.2 Login, Password, Save, Logout, and Reset

Once your system is installed and powered up, the initial VT-100 monitor screen will be blank. Key in the command login admin. Then press Enter. The following screen will show.

Chapter 5 Loop-IP6610 Setup

Note: Admin Commands allow set up and display of router configuration. Operator commands allow display only.

5.2.1 Password

After logging in, key in the admin command set password. Then press the Enter key.

The prompt that appears will tell you that more information is needed, ie. a user name and whether or not you want the password enabled. Key in the admin command set password admin enable, then press the Enter key. You will be asked to key in a password. After keying it in press the Enter key again. You will then be asked to confirm your password. The password is now set.

5.2.2 Save

In order to save this configuration, key in the admin command save configuration and then press the Enter key.

5.2.3 Logout

To logout simply key in the admin command logout and then press the Enter key.

5.2.4 Resetting the Loop-IP 6610

The IP-6610 is shipped with factory default settings. To restore factory settings in the future use the command admin>reset configuration.

5.3 WAN1 Setup

To setup WAN1 use the admin commands in Table 5-2 (E1) and Table 5-3 (DS1).

Chapter 5 Loop-IP6610 Setup

Table 5-2 WAN1 Admin Commands –E1

WAN1 Admin Commands – E1

Parameters Description

frame

Framing mode FAS/none set E1 line farming

Setting on/off enable/disable E1 TS16 multi-framing

code

Coding mode AMI/HDB3 set E1 line coding mode

crc

Setting on/off enable/disable E1 CRC

idle_code

Idle code 0x00 ~ 0xff set E1 unused channel idle code

primary_clk

Clock source Line, internal set E1 primary clock source

set E1

secondary_clk

Clock source line, internal set E1 secondary clock source

add timeslot

wan_intf wan1

start TS 1 ~ 31

[end TS] [1 ~ 31

add one or more E1 time slots to WAN1

delete timeslot

wan_intf wan1

start TS 1 ~ 31

end TS] 1 ~ 31

remove one or more E1 time slots from WAN1

wan1

ip_addr xxx.xxx.xxx.xx x

subnet_mask xxx.xxx.xxx.xx x

set WAN1 IP address

wan1

protocol

protocol-type hdlc/ppp

set WAN1 layer 2 protocol

Type: LOS, LOF, AIS, RAI, BPV,ES, UAS, CSS, Clock Loss

Setting enable/disable

enable/disable reporting of a specific alarm.

set

alarm

Type: BPV, ES, UAS, CSS,

threshold value set specific alarm’s reporting threshold

Table 5-3 WAN1 Admin Commands –DS1

WAN1 Admin Commands – DS1

Parameters Description

frame

Framing mode D4/ESF/ESF&DS1.403 set DS1 line framing

code

Coding mode AMI/B8ZS set DS1 line coding mode

lbo

Setting 0dB/-7.5dB/-15dB set DS1 line LBO

set DS

idle_code

Idle code 0x00 ~ 0xff set DS1 unused channel idle code

Chapter 5 Loop-IP6610 Setup

WAN1 Admin Commands – DS1

Parameters Description

yel

Setting on/off enable/disable DS1 YEL

inband

Setting on/off enable/disable DS1 inband loopback

code

address

Setting csu,te set DS1 address

primary_clk

Clock source line/internal set DS1 primary clk source

secondary_clk

Clock source line/internal set DS1 secondary clk source

timer

Timing 0~86400 set DS1 diagnostic function timer

timeslot wan_intf

wan1

start TS

1-24

[endTS] 1-24

add

Add timeslot wan1 1-16

add one or more DS1 timeslots to wan1 net address

timeslot wan_intf

wan1

start TS

1-24

[endTS] 1-24

remove one or more timeslots from wan1

performance

Delete DS1 performance data

bert

release DS1 bert

delete

loopback

release an DS1 loopback

type

clock-loss LOS, LOF, AIS, YEL, BPB, ES, UAS, CSS

setting

enable/ disable

enable/disable reporting of a specific alarm

type threshold value

BPV,ES,UAS

59

set alarm

CSS

1900

set specific alarm’s reporting threshold

5.4 LAN1 Setup

To setup LAN1 use the admin commands in Table 5-4 below.

Table 5-4 LAN1 Admin Commands

LAN1 Admin Commands

Parameters Description

ip ip_addr

xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx

subnet_mask xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx

Set LAN1 IP address

routing protocol

rip1/rip2/static

Set Layer 3 routing protocol

set lan1

speed 10/100/auto LAN1 speed/duplex setting

only for IP6610 with one LAN port

Note: The speed setting for IP6610 with four LAN ports is always AUTO.

Chapter 6 DHCP Server Setup

6 DHCP Server Setup

6.1 Overview

DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) can be used to automatically assign IP addresses, to deliver TCP/IP stack configuration parameters (ie. subnet mask and default router), and to provide other configuration information. Figure 6-1, below, illustrates the Loop-IP6610 set up in a DHCP server application. All hosts (shown on the right hand side of the network diagram) can get IP addresses from the IP6610 when its DHCP Server is enabled.

IP Network

Host (DHCPClient)

Loop-IP 6610

Host (DHCPClient)

..........

LAN1WAN1

IP Address: 192.168.1.0 Subnet Mask : 255.255.255.0

Figure 6-1 DHCP Application

Chapter 6 DHCP Server Setup

6.2 DHCP Setup Commands

To set up the DHCP Server application you will use the commands in Table 6-1 below. Step by step instructions follow the table.

Table 6-1 DHCP Setup Commands

DHCP Admin Commands

Commands Parameters Description

set dhcp server subnet <subnet name> declare the subnet you wish to add

network <subnet name>,<network

number>, <netmask>

to specify a subnet declaration the user must input the subnet network number and netmask using this command

Ip_range <subnet

name>,<start_IP>, <end_IP>

IP address range that is available for this subnet

bootp <subnet name>, ON/OFF set bootp to ON or OFF default_lease <subnet name>, seconds set default lease in seconds next_server <subnet name>, <server

name>

set next server name

bootfile <subnet name>, <file

name>

set bootfile name

domain_name <subnet name>,

set domain name

dns_server <subnet name>, <dns

server IP>

set dns server IP address (maximum of 4 addresses is allowed)

router <subnet name>, <router

IP>

set default router IP address (maximum of 4 addresses is allowed)

bcast_addr <subnet name>, < IP

address>

set broadcast address

state ON set server to ON

Chapter 6 DHCP Server Setup

6.3 Step by Step Setup Instructions

Connect a cable between the COM port of your PC and the Console port of the IP 6610. Then follow the instructions below.

Double-click the LoopTerm icon on your PC’s desktop screen. The following screen will appear. Then double–click on the icon in the figure below (see arrow).

A blank screen with a flashing cursor will appear. You must add a subnet. Key in the command add dhcp subnet plus the subnet you wish to declare. In our example we declared the subnet loop1. Press the Enter key.

You must enter a dhcp server address for the subnet. Key in the command set dhcp server subnet network loop1 followed by the IP address and subnet mask of the loop device. The IP address and subnet mask entry we used was: 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0. Press the Enter key.

You must establish a subnet range. Key in the command set dhcp server subnet ip_range loop1 followed by the starting IP address and the ending IP address in the range. The addresses we used to establish the range were:192.168.1.5 and 192.168.1.20.

Chapter 6 DHCP Server Setup

You must establish a domain name. Key in the command set dhcp server subnet domain_name loop1 followed by the domain name. The domain name we chose to use was works. Press the Enter key.

You must establish a dns server. Key in the command set dhcp server subnet dns_server loop1 followed by the server IP address. The IP address of the server we used was 192.168.1.2. Press the Enter key.

You must establish a default router. Key in the command set dhcp server subnet router loop1 followed by the default router’s server IP address. The IP address of the default router we used was 192.168.1.1. Press the Enter key.

Chapter 6 DHCP Server Setup

You must set the dhcp server to on. Key in the command set dhcp server state on. Press the enter key.

A prompt will advise you that the dhcp server has started.

Chapter 6 DHCP Server Setup

6.4 DHCP Relay Setup

Deploying DHCP in a single subnet network is straightforward. DHCP messages are IP broadcast messages, and all computers on the subnet can listen to and respond to these broadcasts. A single DHCP server is all that is required.

Things become more complicated when you have more than one subnet on your network. This is because the DHCP broadcast messages do not (by default) cross the router interfaces. The DHCP relay agent allows you to place DHCP Clients and DHCP Servers on different subnets of your network or even to put them on different networks.

After setting up a DHCP Server, it is quite easy to add a DHCP Relay Server as shown in Figure 6-2, below.

IP Network

LAN1

WAN1

DHCP Relay Server

Host (DHCP Client)

..........

Loop-IP

6610

Loop-IP

6610

DHCP Server

IP Address: 10.3.2.10

Figure 6-2 DHCP Relay Setup

To set up the DHCP relay server, you must first set up the DHCP Server and then use the commands in Table 6-2, below. Step by step instructions follow the table.

Table 6-2 DHCP Relay Admin Commands

DHCP Relay Admin Commands

Commands Parameters Description

server ip address specify an IP 6610 unitas a DHCP relay

server

set dhcp relay

state ON/OFF set DHCP relay server to ON

Chapter 6 DHCP Server Setup

6.4.1 DHCP Relay Step by Step Setup

After setting up your DHCP server, key in the command set dhcp relay server, followed by the IP address of the Loop-IP 6610 unit that you will use as a relay server. Press Enter. The IP-6610 ip address we used was 10.3.2.10.

A will advise you that the command succeeded. You must now activate the relay server. Key in the command set dhcp relay state on and press Enter. When a prompt advises you that the command succeeded the setup procedure will be complete.

Chapter 7 Frame Relay Setup

7 Frame Relay Setup

7.1 Overview

When a Loop IP-6610 runs Frame Relay on its WAN Port, it can support up to 10 Permanent Virtual Circuits (software-defined logical connections in a network). Each of those 10 PVCs can connect to a remote Frame Relay device that resides in a branch office. Figure 7-1, below, illustrates a Frame Relay setup. The dashed lines in the diagram represent Frame Rely PVCs.

Note: IP 6610 units only support user site protocol and cannot communicate directly with each other. They must be connected to a Frame Relay network that includes devices that run on FR network protocol. The Loop-AM 3440-A can be used as such a device.

Loop-IP

6610

Loop-IP

6610

Loop-IP

6610

Frame

Relay

Network

The Loop-AM 3440-A can

be used as a Frame Relay

network device.

User

Figure 7-1 Frame Relay Application

Chapter 7 Frame Relay Setup

7.2 Frame Relay Setup Commands

To set up the Frame Relay application you will use the commands in Table 7-1, below. Step by step instructions follow the table.

Table 7-1 Frame Relay Setup Commands

Frame Relay Setup Commands

Command

Parameters Description Brg Rt Privilege

protocol protocol-

type hdlc/ ppp/ chdlc/ frame_relay

[protocol] ansi/q93 3

[n391 value] 1-255

[n392 value] 1-10

[n393 value] 1-10

[t391 value]530

set WAN1 layer 2 protocol

V V Admin

pvc dlci pvc#1~10 DLCI

0/16~991

[CIR] [Bc] [Be] [burst] Create/set/delete

WAN1 PVC parameters. When DLCI is 0, the PVC will be deleted.

V V Admin

pvc ip pvc#1~10 ip_addr

xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx

net_mask xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx

Set a PVC’s IP address

-- V Admin

set wan1

pvc routing pvc# routing_protocol rip1/rip2/static Set a PVC’s layer3

routing protocol

-- V Admin

Chapter 7 Frame Relay Setup

7.3 Step by Step Setup Instructions

Connect a cable between the COM port of your PC and the Console port of the IP 6610. Then follow the instructions below.

Double-click the LoopTerm icon on your PC’s desktop screen. The following screen will appear. Then double–click on the icon in the figure below (see arrow).

A screen with a flashing cursor will appear. You must establish the WAN1 layer 2 protocol. Key in the command set wan1 protocol frame_relay followed by the required parameters and their values. The parameter/value list we entered was: q933 n391 10 n392 4 n393 5 t391 20. Please note that these parameters must match the parameters on the network side. Press the Enter key.

You must establish the WAN1 PVC parameters. Key in the command set wan1 pvc dlci followed by your required parameter and its values. Then press the Enter key.

The parameters and values we used are shown in the table below.

Pvc# 1-10

DLCI 0/16-991

[CIR] [Bc] [Be] [burst]

1 17 512 512 64 128

Note: In the above screen 512 is the value for the CIR (Committed Information Rate) of PVC#1.

The total sum of the CIR values for all PVCs (ie. 1-10) must not exceed the total physical

Chapter 7 Frame Relay Setup

bandwidth. Physical bandwidth can be calculated by using the formula Physical bandwidth= n (# of timeslots mapped) x 64k. If you are unsure as to how many timeslots you used in your WAN1 mapping, you can check by using the command show time_slot.

You must establish a PVC IP address. Key in the command set wan1 pvc ip 1 followede by the PVC IP address and subnet mask. The address entry we used was: 100.2.254.254 255.255.0.0. Press the Enter key.

You must establish a PVC routing protocol. Key in the command set wan pvc routing 1 followed by the parameter you require. In our sample screen we chose to use rip2 as our parameter. Press the Enter key.

This setup procedure is now complete.

Chapter 8 IP Routing Setup

8 IP Routing Setup

8.1 Overview

Figure 8-1 below illustrates the Loop-IP 6610 being used in Router mode. The IP addresses and gateway addresses used in the diagram correspond to the sample step by step configuration instructions in Section

8.3

E1 1 2 3 4

IP Network

IP Router

IP: 160.2.254.253 Gateway: 255.255.0.0

Network Address

100.3.0.0

255.255.0.0

Local Network

with Public IP

Address

Loop-IP 6610

LAN 1

with Public IP Address

IP: 192.168.1.1

MASK: 255.255.255.0

(PPP or HDLC)

WAN 1

with Public IP Address

IP: 100.2.254.254

MASK: 255.255.0.0

Peer Router

IP 100.2.254.253

Figure 8-1 IP Routing Setup

8.2 Routing Admin Commands

To set up the Router function you will use the commands in Table 8-1 below. Step by step instructions follow the table.

Table 8-1 Routing Admin Commands

Routing Admin Commands

Commands Parameters Description

lan1/wan1

routing rip1, rip2, static

Set LAN1/WAN1 routing protocol. “Static” disables all routing protocols.

wan1 pvc

pvc_no 1-10

routing rip1, rip2, static

Set PVC routing protocol. “Static” disables all routing protocols. This command is available when the layer 2 protocol of WAN1 is set to Frame Relay.

set

nat

Setting nat,napt, off Enable/disable NAT function type

add

route Add static route

delete route Delete static route

Chapter 8 IP Routing Setup

8.3 Step by Step Setup Instructions

Connect a cable between the COM port of your PC and the Console port of the IP 6610. Then follow the instructions below.

Double-click the LoopTerm icon on your PC’s desktop screen. The following screen will appear. Then double–click on the icon in the figure below (see arrow)..

A blank screen with a flashing cursor will appear. Key in the command login admin. Then press the Enter key.

Note: It is possible that the IP-6610 is presently in Bridge mode rather than Router mode. If you are unsure, key in the admin command delete bridge. Then press the Enter key. If the IP-6610 is in Bridge mode it will switch to Router mode.

Set the LAN1 IP and MASK addresses. Key in the admin command set lan 1 ip followed by the LAN1 IP address and MASK address. Then press the Enter key. In the sample screen below we keyed in set lan ip

192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0 and then pressed the Enter key.

Chapter 8 IP Routing Setup

Set the WAN 1 Layer 2 protocol. Key in the command set wan1 protocol followed by your protocol choice: ppp (Point to Point Protocol), CHDLC(Cisco High Level Data Link Control), HDLC (High Level Data Link Control), or frame_relay (Frame Relay). If you are setting the layer 2 protocol to Frame Relay, please also choose Frame Relay LMI protocol. Then press the Enter key.

In our sample setup we chose to use High Level Data Link Control protocol so we keyed in the admin command set wan 1 protocol hdlc and then pressed the Enter key.

Set the WAN1 IP and MASK addresses. Key in the admin command set wan 1 ip followed by the LAN1 IP address and MASK address. Then press the Enter key. In the sample screen below we keyed in set wan 1 ip 100.2.254.254 255.255.0.0 and then pressed the Enter key.

Set the WAN 1 timeslot. Key in the command add timeslot wan1 followed by the timeslots you wish to add. Then press the Enter key. In our sample setup we chose to add timeslots 1-31 so we keyed in the admin add timeslot wan1 1 31 and then pressed the Enter key.

Chapter 8 IP Routing Setup

Set the Wan 1 routing protocol. In order to do so you must take into account the peer router (ie. the router that your router routes to). Does it accept and support RIP1 protocol or Rip 2 protocol? If it accepts RIP 1 only then your setup command will be set wan1 routing rip1. If it will accept either RIP1 or RIP2, RIP 2 is often a preferred choice because that protocol has more features than RIP 1. To use RIP2, key in the command set wan1 routing rip2. The following sample screen uses the admin command set wan1 rip2.

If you are using RIP 1 or RIP 2 protocol, your setup procedure is now complete. If neither RIP protocol is supported by the peer router you must use static routing. To do so proceed to the instructions below.

If neither RIP protocol is supported by the peer router key in the static routing admin command set wan1 routing static. Then press Enter. lf you have already entered a RIP1 or RIP2 setting by accident, the new command will override it and set up static routing.

You must now set the route. Key in words add route followed by the destination network address followed by the IP address of the peer router and finally, the WAN number for the output interface. Then press Enter. All sample addresses are clearly illustrated in Figure 4-2. The admin command keyed in for the sample screen below is add route 100.3.0.0 255.255.0.0 100.2.254.253 wan1.

Chapter 8 IP Routing Setup

Note: You are also able to specify a default route by setting the network address and subnet mask as 0.0.0.0 (eg. add route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0. 100.2.254.253 wan1)

This setup procedure is now complete.

Chapter 9 IP Routing with Network Address Translation

9 IP Routing with Network Address Translation

9.1 Overview

Figure 9-1 below illustrates the Loop-IP6610 being used in Router mode. The IP addresses and gateway addresses used in the diagram correspond to the sample step by step configuration instructions in Section

9.3.

E1 1 2 3 4

IP Network

IP Router

IP: 160.2.256.253 MASK: 255.255.0.0

Network Address

100.3.0.0

255.255.0.0

Local Network

with Public IP

Address

Loop-IP 6610

LAN 1

with Public IP Address

IP: 192.168.1.1

MASK: 255.255.255.0

(PPP or HDLC)

WAN 1

with Public IP Address

IP: 100.2.254.254

MASK: 255.255.0.0

Peer Router

IP 100.2.254.253

Figure 9-1 Setting Up IP Routing with Network Address Translation

9.2 Routing Admin Commands

To set up the NAT function you will use the commands in Table 9-1 below. Step by step instructions follow the table.

Table 9-1 Routing Admin Commands

Routing Admin Commands

Parameters Description

lan1/wan1

routing

protocol rip1, rip2, static

Set LAN1/WAN1 routing protocol. “Static” disables all routing protocols.

set

nat

setting nat, napt, off

interface wan1/pvc1pvc10

Enable/disable NAT function type

add

route Add static route

delete route Delete static route

Chapter 9 IP Routing with Network Address Translation

9.3 Step by Step Setup Instructions

Connect a cable between the Com port of your PC and the Console port of the IP 6610. Then follow the instructions below.

Double-click the LoopTerm icon on your PC’s desktop screen. The following screen will appear. Then double–click on the icon in the figure below (see arrow).

A blank screen with a flashing cursor will appear. Key in the command login admin. Then press the Enter key.

Network Address Translation (NAT) must be set to either NAT or NAPT to enable. You must also specify an interface. To enable, key in the admin command set nat nat or set nat napt, followed by the interface type (eg. wan1). Then press Enter.

Note: When NAT is enabled, all routing protocols (including RIP 1 and RIP 2) are automatically disabled.

Set the LAN1 IP and MASK. Key in the admin command set lan ip followed by the LAN1 IP address and MASK. Then press the Enter key. In the sample screen below we keyed in set lan ip 192.168.1.1

255.255.255.0.

Chapter 9 IP Routing with Network Address Translation

Set the WAN 1 Layer 2 protocol. Key in the command set wan 1 protocol followed by your protocol choice: ppp (Point to Point) or HDLC (High Level Data Link Control). Then press the Enter key.

In our sample setup we chose to use High Level Data Link Control protocol so we keyed in the admin command set wan 1 protocol hdlc and then pressed the Enter key.

Set the WAN1 IP and MASK. Key in the admin command set wan 1 ip followed by the LAN1 IP address and MASK. Then press the Enter key. In the sample screen below we keyed in set wan 1 ip

100.2.254.254 255.255.0.0 and then pressed the Enter key.

Set the WAN 1 timeslot. Key in the command add timeslot wan1 followed by the timeslots you wish to add. Then press the Enter key.

In our sample setup we chose to add timeslots 1-31 so we keyed in the admin command add timeslot wan1 1 31 and then pressed the Enter key.

Chapter 9 IP Routing with Network Address Translation

Note: There is no need to set the WAN1 routing protocol at this point because when NAT is set to on, all routing protocols (including RIP 1 and RIP 2) are automatically disabled.

You must set a route. Key in words add route followed by the destination network address followed by the IP address of the peer router and finally, the WAN number for the output interface. Then press Enter. All sample addresses are clearly illustrated in Figure 9-1. The admin command keyed in for the sample screen below is add route 100.3.0.0 255.255.0.0 100.2.254.253 wan1.

Note: You can also use the command add route 0.0.0.0. 0.0.0.0. 100.2.254.253 wan1. The 0.0.0.0.

0.0.0.0. portion of that address signals the router to use the default next hop address listed in the routing table.

This setup procedure is now complete.

Chapter 10 Packet Filtering Setup

10 Packet Filtering Setup

10.1 Overview

Packet filtering is the process of deciding the disposition of each packet that can possibly pass through a router with packet filtering. For this discussion, assume there are only two dispositions: permit and deny. IP filtering provides the basic protection mechanism for a routing firewall host, allowing you to determine what traffic passes through it based upon the contents of the packet, thereby potentially limiting access to each of the networks controlled by the firewall.

Figure 10-1 below illustrates the Loop-IP6610 being used in Router mode. The IP addresses and gateway addresses used in the diagram correspond to the sample step by step configuration instructions in Section

10.3.

E1 1 2 3 4

IP Network

LAN

1 with Public IP Address IP: 192.168.1.1 MASK: 255.255.255.0

(PPP or HDLC)

WAN 1

with Public IP Address IP: 100.2.254.254 MASK: 255.255.0.0

Peer Router

IP 100.2.254.253

Company Branch

Network Address

100.3.0.0

255.255.0.0

IP Router

IP: 160.2.254.253 Gateway: 255.255.0.0

Local Network

HTTP Server

IP: 192.168.100.11

FTP Server

IP: 192.168.100.22

TELNET Server

IP: 192.168.100.33

Loop-IP 6610

Remote User

I P: 140.100.5.5

Client

IP: 140.1.x.x MASK: 255.255.0.0

Figure 10-1 IP Routing Setup for Packet Filtering Mode

10.2 Packet Filtering Admin Commands

To set up the packet filtering function you will use the commands in Table 10-1 below. Step by step instructions follow the table.

Table 10-1 Packet Filtering Admin Commands

Packet Filtering Admin Commands

Parameters Description

filter list_

name

list-1/ list-2/ list-3/ list-4

action

permit/ deny

protocol

tcp/ udp/ icmp /any 0255

src_ ip

[src_ip _prefix]

(1-32)

dst_ip [dst_ip

_prefix]

(1-32)

[low_port]

(1-65535)

[hi_port]

(1-

65535)

add a rule entry

delete

filter list_name

list-1/ list-2/ list-3/ list-4

Index

1-8

delete packet filtering rules

set

filter interface

lan1/pvc1~pvc10

direction inbound/ outbound

list_name

lisr-1/ list-2/ list-3/ list-4

set inbound/outbound packet filter for specific interface

Chapter 10 Packet Filtering Setup

Packet Filtering Admin Commands

Parameters Description

show

filter [list_name]

list-1/ list-2/ list-3/ list-4

show packet filter rules

10.3 Step by Step Setup Instructions

In Figure 10-1, three servers are located in the local network. Their IP addresses are as follows: HTTP Server: 192.168.100.11

FTP Server: 192.168.100.22 TELNET Server: 192.168.100.33

Note: This is a sample setup only. Your setup will have IP addresses relevant to your own situation.

Traffic rules on the WAN Interfaces of the Loop-IP6610 are as follows:

1. The HTTP server is accessible by all PCs (also known as hosts) in the network.

2. TELNET Server access (IP: 192.168.100.33) is available only to the client’s designated Remote User (IP: 140.100.5.5 ). No other devices, including those at the client’s head office or branch office, can

reach that server.

3. IP: 100.3.0.0 is the network for another branch of the client’s company, so all traffic from that site is

permitted.

4. Because FTP Server Access is provided only for the client (IP: 140.1.x.x, where x is 0-255.) and the

client’s branch office, the IP6610 shall permit ftp packets from those sites.

By keying in the appropriate commands and IP addresses the rules can be set as follows:

>add filter list-1 permit tcp any 192.168.100.11 32 80 >add filter list-1 permit tcp 140.100.5.5 32 192.168.100.33 32 23 >add filter list-1 deny tcp any any 23 >add filter list-1 permit any 100.3.0.0 16 any >add filter list-1 permit tcp 140.1.0.0 16 192.168.100.22 32 69 >add filter list-1 deny any any any

The last line can be omitted because if a packet can not match any rules, the packet will be dropped.

If we want to check all the packets received at the WAN1 interface with list-1 policy, then we would issue the following command: >set filter wan1 inbound list-1

Note: The IP addresses in the above commands are each followed by a subnet mask listed in binary

Code (base two). This subnet mask binary code listing is called a prefix length. If you are unfamiliar with determining subnet prefix lengths, refer to Chapter 18 Appendix B Converting a Subnet Mask to Binary Code.

Chapter 10 Packet Filtering Setup

Connect a cable between the COM port of your PC and the Console port of the IP6610. Then follow the instructions below.

Double-click the LoopTerm icon on your PC’s desktop screen. The following screen will appear. Then double–click on the icon in the figure below (see arrow).

A screen with a flashing cursor will appear. You must add a rule entry specifying what packets you will permit (ie. accept) at the HTTP server. Key in the command add filter list-1 permit tcp followed by the packet source IP address plus its subnet mask prefix length, the packet destination IP address (ie. your HTTP server) plus its subnet mask prefix length, and finally the number of the port where the packet will be received. Press the Enter key.

In our sample screen below we keyed in any as the source address, 192.168.100.11 as the destination HTTP IP address, 32 as the destination address subnet mask prefix length, and 80 as the port.

You must now add a rule entry specifying what packets you will deny (or not accept) at the HTTP server. Key in the command add filter list-1 deny tcp followed by the IP address and subnet mask prefix length of the packet source, the same address information for packet destination and the number of the destination port.

In our sample screen below we keyed in any any 23 because 23 is the number of our telnet port and we don’t want packet flow through that port at any location on our network. Thus we will deny plackets from any source going to any destination’s port 23. Press the Enter key.

You must now add a rule entry specifying what packets you will permit at the company branch network address. Key in the command add filter list-1 permit followed by a packet source IP address and binary

Chapter 10 Packet Filtering Setup

code subnet mask, the branch office network destination IP address and binary code subnet mask and the port number at the destination address.

In our sample below we keyed in any for the packet source address, 100.3.0.0 16 for the branch office destination address and binary code subnetmask, and any for the port number. That we will permit packets from any source to come to the company branch office address and be received at any port.

The final command, shown below, can be omitted because if a packet cannot match any rules, the packet will be dropped.

This setup procedure is now complete.

Chapter 11 Port Forwarding - Virtual Service

11 Port Forwarding - Virtual Service

11.1 Overview

When NAPT is enabled, the user is able to set up a static port forwarding table in the Loop IP-6610 that instructs the IP-6610 to forward specific service packets to specified internal servers. Figure 11-1, below, illustrates a Web server put into an intranet by a Loop IP-6610 with a Port Forwarding Table. The IP-6610 allows users on the public network (left-hand side of the drawing) to access the Web Server on the righthand side of the drawing.

IP Network

HTTP & FTP Server

IP 192.168.1.25

Loop-IP 6610

LAN1WAN1

Figure 11-1 Port Forwarding - Virtual Service Application

11.2 Port Forwarding - Virtual Service Commands

To set up the Port Forwarding - Virtual Service application you will use the commands in Table 11-1, below. Step by step instructions follow the table.

Table 11-1 Port Forwarding - Virtual Service Commands

Port Forwarding - Virtual Service Commands

Parameters

Description

add napt forwarding

Add an entry into port forwarding list

delete napt forwarding

Delete an entry drom port forwarding list

add nat address

Add a pool of public IP addresses for NAT

static

Add an entry into NAT static list

delete nat address

Delete a pool of public IP addresses for NAT

static

Delete an entry from NAT static list

set

nat

nat / napt /off

Interface

wan1 / pvc110

Set NAT mode to NAT, NAPT, or off and then choose an interface (wan1 or pvc110).

Chapter 11 Port Forwarding - Virtual Service

11.3 Step by Step Setup Instructions

Connect a cable between the COM port of your PC and the Console port of the IP6610. Then follow the instructions below.

Double-click the LoopTerm icon on your PC’s desktop screen. The following screen will appear. Then double–click on the icon in the figure below (see arrow).

You must set the NAT mode. Key in the command set nat followed by the interface setting you require. Press the Enter key. In the sample screen below we keyed in napt as the nat mode and wan1 as the interface.

You must establish where you will forward http packets to. Key in the command add napt forward http followed by the port number, followed by the http server ip address. Then press the Enter key. In the sample screen below we forwarded them to port 80. We then keyed in the IP address 192.168.1.25 of our http server (see Figure 13-1).

You must establish where you will forward ftp packets to. Key in the command add napt forward ftp followed by the port number, followed by the ftp server ip address. Then press the Enter key. In the sample screen below we forwarded them to port 21. We then keyed in the IP address 192.168.1.25 of our ftp server (see Figure 11-1).

To view the results of your setup key, in the command show nat napt. The setup configuration will be displayed as shown in the screen below.

Chapter 11 Port Forwarding - Virtual Service

Chapter 12 QoS

12 QoS

12.1 Overview

In packet networks, one important requirement for link sharing is to share bandwidth on a link between multiple agencies, where each agency wants to receive a guaranteed share of the link bandwidth during congestion. But where bandwidth that is not being used by one agency should be available to other agencies sharing the link. Quality of Service (QoS) is the idea that transmission rates, error rates can be measured, improved, and to some extent guaranteed in advance. QoS enables you to provide better service to certain flows and helps user to control the use of the outbound traffic on a given link. IP6610 QoS is policy based where the traffic type defines each policy. In the Loop-IP6610, we have classified the outgoing traffic (i.e. policy) by packet’s IP address, network protocol, TCP/UDP port number, and/or DSCP value. User can configure the committed bandwidth for a particular class of traffic by mentioning the minimum and maximum bandwidth. Make sure total configured bandwidth of all such policy must not exceed the link’s physical bandwidth.

Note: QoS is supported for WAN interface only.

12.2 Policy Syntax

12.2.1 Policy add add rate_limit selector action_parameter

Instructs to put the newly created policy entry at the tail of the policy list.

selector If outgoing packets match criteria, the selector sets some matching

conditions. If the packet going through the interface matches the conditions, then the rate_limit will be applied according to the parameters specified by

action-parameter. Format of the selector is as following:

src_ip [prefix] dest_ip [prefix] protocol [src_port] [dst_port] [dscp] src_ip & [prefix] The source network address that is affected by the

policy. The parameter will be matched with source address field of IP packets. The user can specify ‘any’ if

he/she is not interested in a specific IP address dst_ip & [prefix] The interested destination network address. The

parameter will be matched with destination address field of IP packets.

protocol Interested protocol type carried by an IP packet. The

field can be a decimal value or a protocol name, like TCP or UDP.

src_port If protocol is TCP or UDP, user can mention the

specific source port number carried by an IP packet. User can specify a range of source port or ‘any’ if he/she is not interested for a particular source port number.

dst_port Interested destination port number for an IP packet if

protocol is TCP or UDP. User can mention destination port number in minimum-maximum format for a range of port number or ‘any’ if he/she is not interested for a particular destination port number. Both

Chapter 12 QoS

source/destination port number is a decimal value (1~65535)

dscp Differentiated Services Code Point (DSCP) is an integer

value encoded in the DS field of an IP header. The DSCP is an example of traffic marking because its value corresponds with a preferred QoS as the packet traverses the network. The DSCP value corresponds to a specific QoS. The six most significant bits of the DiffServ field is called as the DSCP, which is basically the six most significant bits of TOS byte in IP header. So DSCP value range is 0-63.

action_parameter action_parameter controls the outgoing traffic flow rate for IP packet

matched the policy criteria specified by selector.

rate Committed access rate in minimum-maximum format. The

minimum rate is guaranteed the minimum rate of the selected policy. When the maximum_rate is mentioned in the action-parameter, the parameter is specified the maximum rate of the selected policy. If maximum_rate is not mentioned, it is used that maximum rate is same as minimum rate.

type Unit of rate in kbps or mbps, specify the unit of bandwidth

in bits per sec.

12.2.2 Policy delete

delete rate_limit [policy_num]

Instruct the policy to be deleted. Each policy is indexed by the policy number in the policy list, user should mention the policy number which one to be removed.

12.2.3 Policy display

show rate_limit

This CLI is used to display all policies user ever entered for WAN interface, shows all policy in the policy list sequentially according to the policy number.

12.3 Step by Step Setup Instructions

WAN1 LAN1

192.168.1.0/24

192.168.2.0/24

A(60

B(40%

)

10% Telnet

20% WWW

20% FTP

50% other

15% Telnet

30% WWW

30% FTP

25% other

WAN1

LAN1

Local

network

Loop-IP 6610

Chapter 12 QoS

Figure 12-1 QoS Application

Chapter 12 QoS

Two subnetworks, A and B are accessed through the WAN1 interface as depicted in the figure i.e. all traffics of these networks are passed through WAN1 interface. Again each of A and B have different types of traffic, say Telnet, WWW, FTP or so on. Suppose Telnet of subnet A has high traffic rate and consume most of the bandwidth of WAN1, other will be blocked, as WAN1 don’t have enough bandwidth compared to LAN1 and eventually some traffic from LAN1 will be dropped. To solve this problem, Policy rate limit is installed on WAN1 to control bandwidth distribution. Suppose subnet A will have 60% of the available WAN1 bandwidth guaranteed; subnetwork B the rest (40%). Within each subnetwork the guarantee flows for each type of service are as is indicated in the figure. Assume WAN1 has 1Mbps bandwidth, so telnet in subnet A will have 60 Kbps (10% of 60% of 1Mbps) guaranteed bandwidth, while FTP will have 120 Kbps. Corresponding commands for these Telnet and FTP for subnet A are as follows:

add rate_limit 192.168.1.0 24 any TCP 23 any 60-60 kbps add rate_limit 192.168.1.0 24 any TCP 21 any 120 kbps

For other 2 class of traffic in subnet A, type following commands: add rate_limit 192.168.1.0 24 any any 80 any 120-120 kbps (for www) add rate_limit 192.168.1.0 24 any any 300 kbps (for other)

Following are the commands to setup traffic distribution control for subnet B: add rate_limit 192.168.2.0 24 any TCP 23 any 60 kbps (for telnet) add rate_limit 192.168.2.0 24 any TCP 21 any 120-120 kbps (for ftp) add rate_limit 192.168.2.0 24 any any 80 120 kbps (for www) add rate_limit 192.168.2.0 24 any any 100-100 kbps (for other)

Chapter 13 Remote Bridge Setup

13 Remote Bridge Setup

13.1 Overview

Figure 13-1 below illustrates the Loop-IP6610 being used in Bridge mode. There are two IP6610s in this application. Their setup procedures are identical. The IP addresses and gateway addresses used in the diagram correspond to the sample step by step configuration instructions in section 13.3.

E1 1 2 3 4

SNMP

Router

IP address: 140.132.1.1

Mask: 255.255.0.0

WAN 1

(PPP/BCP or HDLC)

IP Network

TDM

Network

Local Network 1

LAN 1

Loop-IP 6610 #1

Management IP: 140.132.254.254

Mask: 255.255.0.0

E1 1 2 3 4

Local Network 2

(PPP/BCP or HDLC)

WAN 1 LAN 1

Loop-IP 6610 #2

Management IP

Gateway

Figure 13-1 Remote Bridge Mode Setup

Chapter 13 Remote Bridge Setup

13.2 Bridge Admin Commands

To set up the bridge function you will use the commands in Table 13-1 below. Step by step instructions follow the table.

Table 13-1 Bridge Admin Commands

Bridge Admin Commands

Parameters Description

ip ip_addr

xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx

subnet_mask xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx

Set bridge management IP address

gateway ip_addr Set bridge default gateway ip address

crc setting Enable/disable bridge CRC

set bridge

age time

10 ~ 1000000

Set MAC aging time when the system runs in bridge mode.

add bridge

lan1/wan1/pvc1~10 [interface …]

Add an interface to the bridge group

delete

bridge lan1/wan1/pvc1~10 [interface …]

Delete an interface from the bridge group

13.3 Step by Step Setup Instructions

Set up the Loop-IP6610 units one at a time. (It doesn’t matter which one you set up first.) To do so, connect a cable between the COM port of your PC and the Console port of the IP6610. Then follow the instructions below.

Double-click the LoopTerm icon on your PC’s desktop screen. The following screen will appear. Then double–click on the icon in the figure below (see arrow)..

Chapter 13 Remote Bridge Setup

A blank screen with a flashing cursor will appear. Key in the command login admin. Then press the Enter key.

Key in the admin command add bridge. Then press the Enter key.

Set the WAN 1 Layer 2 protocol. Key in the command set wan1 protocol followed by your protocol choice: ppp (Point to Point Protocol) or HDLC (High Level Data Link Control). Then press the Enter key.

In our sample setup we chose to use Point to Point protocol so we keyed in the admin command set wan1 protocol ppp and then pressed the Enter key.

Set the bridge CRC(Cyclic Redundancy Check) to either on or off. When the IP-6610 bridge CRC is on (enabled) , it will bring MAC CRC32 checksum with data. When the IP-6610 bridge CRC is off, it will delete the MAC CRC32 checksum.

Key in the command set bridge crc followed by your choice of on or off. Then press the Enter key.

Note: If your server does not support CRC32, set the CRC to Off

When you are connecting a pair of IP 6610s we suggest that you set the CRC to Off to eliminate the overhead of carrying the CRC32 on code. If you are using another vendor’s bridge with the IP 6610, the CRC setting on both sides should be consistent. .

In our sample setup we chose to turn it off so we keyed in the admin command set bridge crc off and then pressed the Enter key.

Idle Flag DA SA DATA CRC32 CRC16 IdleFlag

Chapter 13 Remote Bridge Setup

Set the bridge age. Key in the command set bridge age followed by your choice for the bridge age value. Then press the Enter key. The values you can choose from are 10–1000000. We chose 300 seconds as this is the same as the early 802.1d default aging time of five minutes.

If you are going to use management on bridge mode you must also add the following admin commands:

1. Key in set bridge ip 140.132.254.254 255.255.0.0. Then press the Enter key.

2. Key in set bridge gateway 140.132.1.1 255.255.0.0. Then press the Enter key.

Delete lan1 wan1

Chapter 13 Remote Bridge Setup

The IP 6610 set up procedure for the first unit is now complete. Repeat these instructions to set up the other IP 6610 unit in this application.

Chapter 14 SNMP Configuration Setup

14 SNMP Configuration Setup

14.1 Overview

The following instructions tell you how to set up SNMP configuration on the Loop-IP6610.

14.2 Network Management Admin Commands

To set up the Network Management function you will use the commands in Table 14-1 below. Step by step instructions follow the table.

Table 14-1 Network Management Admin Commands

Network Management Admin Commands

Parameters Description

community Name string Set SNMP community name contact contact information string Set SNMP system contact location system location string Set SNMP system location

Set snmp

devname Name string Set SNMP device name

add trap Ip xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx

Add a trap address

14.3 Step by Step Instructions

Double-click the LoopTerm icon on your PC’s desktop screen. The following screen will appear. Then double–click on the icon in the figure below (see arrow).

A blank screen with a flashing cursor will appear. Key in the command login admin. Then press the Enter key.

Chapter 14 SNMP Configuration Setup

Set the SNMP community. Key in the admin command set snmp community public. Then press the Enter key

Set the SNMP contact. Key in the admin command set snmp contact, then press the Enter key. Key in your contact information. Press the Enter key again. The sample screen below shows the information we keyed in.

Set the SNMP location. Key in the admin command set snmp location and then press the Enter key. Key in your contact address and then press the Enter key again. The sample screen below shows the information we keyed in.

Chapter 14 SNMP Configuration Setup

Set the SNMP device name. Key in the command set snmp dev, then press the Enter key. Key in the device name and then press the Enter key again. The sample screen below shows the information we keyed in.

Add the trap. This is the IP address of your SNMP network management server. Key in the admin command add trap followed by your trap IP address. Then press the Enter key. In our sample setup we keyed in the admin command add trap 140.132.100.254 and then pressed the Enter key.

The SNMP setup procedure is now complete.

Chapter 15 STP/RSTP Setup

15 STP/RSTP Setup

15.1 Overview

The Spanning Tree Algorithm can be used to detect and disable network loops and to provide backup links between bridges. This allows the device to interact with other STP/RSTP-compliant switches or bridges in a network to ensure that only one route exists between any two stations on the network and to provide backup links which automatically take over when a primary link goes down.

In Figure 15-1, below, the forwarding port in IP 6610 #4 is blocked so that there can only be one path between PC#1 and PC #2.

Root Fwd.

Fwd.

Loop-IP 6610 #2

Root Fwd.

Fwd.

Loop-IP 6610 #3

Loop-IP 6610 #1

ROOT

Fwd. Fwd.

PC #2

LAN1

PC #1

LAN1 WAN1

LAN1LAN1 W AN1

Root Fwd.

Loop-IP 6610 #4

Traffic Path

Blocked

PC #2

Figure 15-1 Normal STP Link

Chapter 15 STP/RSTP Setup

In Figure 15-2, below, the WAN link between IP 6610 #1 and IP 6610 #2 has broken. The system immediately removes the forwarding port block in IP 6610 #4 so that there is still a path between PC #1 and PC #2

Root Fwd.

Fwd.

Loop-IP 6610 #2

Root Fwd.

Fwd.

Loop-IP 6610 #3

Loop-IP 6610 #1

ROOT

Fwd. Fwd.

PC #2

LAN1

PC #1

LAN1

WAN1

Link

Broken

LAN1LAN1 WAN1

Root Fwd.

Loop-IP 6610 #4

Traffic Path

Fwd.

PC #2

Port Block is

removed

PC1 to PC2

link is

recovered

Figure 15-2 Restored STP Link

The spanning tree algorithms supported by this device include these versions:

• STP – Spanning Tree Protocol (IEEE 802.1D)

• RSTP – Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol (IEEE 802.1w)

Spanning tree algorithm uses a distributed algorithm to select a bridging device that serves as the root of the spanning tree network. It selects a root port on each bridging device (except for the root device) which incurs the lowest path cost when forwarding a packet from that device to the root device. Then it selects a designated bridging device from each LAN, which incurs the lowest path cost when forwarding a packet from that LAN to the root device. All ports connected to designated bridging devices are assigned as designated ports. After determining the lowest cost spanning tree, it enables all root ports and designated ports, and disables all other ports. Network packets are therefore only forwarded between root ports and designated ports, eliminating any possible network loops.

Once a stable network topology has been established, all bridges listen for Hello BPDUs (Bridge Protocol Data Units) transmitted from the Root Bridge. If a bridge does not get a Hello BPDU after a predefined interval (Maximum Age), the bridge assumes that the link to the Root Bridge is down. This bridge will then initiate negotiations with other bridges to reconfigure the network topology. RSTP is designed as a general replacement for the slower, legacy STP. RSTP achieves much faster reconfiguration (i.e., around one tenth of the time required by STP) when a node or port fails.

Chapter 15 STP/RSTP Setup

15.2 STP/RSTP Setup Commands

To set up the RSTP application you will use the commands in Table 15-1 below. Step by step instructions follow the table.

Table 15-1 STP/RSTP Setup Commands

RSTP Admin Commands

Commands Parameters Description

show spantree Display spanning tree configuration and status

-root bridge information

-this device bridge information

-each port STP/RSTP information

version protocol version

[STP/RSTP]

Specifies the type of spanning tree used on this device

state setting

[enable/disable]

Enables/disables spanning tree on this device

br_prior priority

[0-65535]

Bridge priority is used in selecting the root device, root port, and designated port. The device with the highest priority (lower value) becomes the root device.

age maximum age

[6-40]

The maximum time (in seconds) a device can wait without receiving a configuration message before attempting to reconfigure

delay forward delay

[4-30]

The maximum time (in seconds) this device will wait before changing states (i.e., discarding to learning to forwarding)

hello hello interval

[1-10]

Interval (in seconds) at which this device transmits a configuration message (BPDU)

cost port

[lan/wan/ pvc1… /pvc10]

cost [165535]

This parameter is used by the STP/RSTP to determine the best path between devices. Therefore, lower values should be assigned to ports attached to faster media, and higher values assigned to ports with slower media

port_prior port

[lan/wan/ pvc1… /pvc10]

priority [0-255]

Defines the priority used for this port in the Spanning Tree Protocol. If the path cost for all ports on a device are the same, the port with the highest priority (i.e., lowest value) will be configured as an root port for the device

link-type port

[lan/wan/ pvc1… /pvc10]

link type [auto/ptop/shared ]

Defines the link type attached to this interface: p-to-p – connection to exactly one other bridge shared – connection to two or more bridges auto – device automatically determines if the interface is attached to a point-to-point link or to shared media. This feature is applicable only for RSTP

set spantree

edge-port port

[lan/wan/ pvc1… /pvc10]

setting [enable/d isable]

Enable only when an interface is attached to a LAN segment that is at the end of a bridged LAN or to an end node. Since end nodes cannot cause forwarding loops, they can pass directly through to the spanning tree forwarding state i.e. “fast forwarding”. This feature is applicable only for RSTP.

Chapter 15 STP/RSTP Setup

15.3 Step by Step Setup Instructions

Connect a cable between the COM port of your PC and the Console port of the IP6610. Then follow the instructions below.

Double-click the LoopTerm icon on your PC’s desktop screen. The following screen will appear. Then double–click on the icon in the figure below (see arrow).

A blank screen with a flashing cursor will appear.

Note: It is possible that the IP6610 is presently in Router mode rather than Bridge mode. If you are unsure, key in the admin command add bridge and then press the Enter key. If the IP6610 is was in Router mode it will switch to Bridge mode.

Key in the command set spantree state on. Then press the Enter Key.

Key in the command set spantree br_prior followed by the Bridge priority value you decide to use. Then press the Enter Key. We used 32768. In the sample screen below. Then press the Enter Key.

Set up the LAN port priority. Key in the command set spantree port_prior followed by the Port type ( we chose Lan1), followed by the priority value (we chose 127). Press Enter. A sample screen is shown below.

Chapter 15 STP/RSTP Setup

Set up the WAN port priority. Key in the command set spantree port_prior followed by the Port type ( we chose wan1), followed by the priority value (we chose 127). Press Enter. A sample screen is shown below.

Set up the span tree age period. Key in the command set spantree age followed by a time value in seconds ( we chose 6). Press Enter. A sample screen is shown below.

Set up the span tree delay period. Key in the command set spantree delay followed by a time value in seconds ( we chose 20). Press Enter. A sample screen is shown below.

Set up the span tree hello period. Key in the command set spantree hello followed by a time value in seconds ( we chose 4). Press Enter. A sample screen is shown below.

Set up the LAN port cost. Key in the command set spantree cost followed by the Port type ( we chose Lan1), followed by the cost value (we chose 100). Press Enter. A sample screen is shown below.

Set up the WAN port cost. Key in the command set spantree cost followed by the Port type ( we chose wan1), followed by the cost value (we chose 100). Press Enter. A sample screen is shown below.

Chapter 15 STP/RSTP Setup

Set up the LAN span tree link type. Key in the command set spantree link-type followed by the Port type ( we chose lan1), followed by the type of link (we chose p-to-p). Press Enter. A sample screen is shown below.

Set up the WAN span tree link type. Key in the command set spantree link-type followed by the Port type ( we chose wan1), followed by the type of link (we chose p-to-p). Press Enter. A sample screen is shown below.

Set the LAN edge-port to ON. Key in the command set spantree edge-port followed by the Port type, (we chose lan1), followed by on. Press Enter. A sample screen is shown below.

Set the WAN edge-port to ON. Key in the command set spantree edge-port followed by the Port type, (we chose wan1), followed by on. Press Enter. A sample screen is shown below.

Chapter 15 STP/RSTP Setup

The setup procedure is now complete. If you want to see what your setup looks like, key in the command show spantree and press Enter. A sample display is shown below.

Chapter 16 VLAN

16 VLAN

16.1 Overview

VLAN is used to subdivide a LAN into smaller entities known as VLAN1, VLAN2, VLAN3, VLAN 4094. A device in a particular VLAN can monitor traffic in that VLAN only, and cannot monitor packets in any other VLANs. This provides an important level of security and also assists the user to do certain kinds of QoS.

In Figure 16-1, below, VLAN1 and VLAN2 both feed into the VLAN-aware Ethernet Switch. The switch assigns a Port VID to each port. VLAN1 is assigned VID:3 and VLAN2 is assigned VID:5. Transmissions from VLAN1(VID:3) and VLAN2(VID:5) are put into tagged packets by the switch and then passed on to the Ethernet Port of the Loop-IP 6610.

The IP-6610 reads the tag on the packets and uses this VLAN id to make packet forwarding decisions. In the diagram below, the packets are to be sent via an E1 or DS1 interface to the Frame Relay Network. A physical interface such as an E1 or DS1 interface can carry multiple logical channels. Each of these channels can carry VLAN traffic( eg. VID:3, pvc1). The IP 6610 forwards packets of a VLAN to a proper logical channel according to the tags on the packets.

Frame Relay

Network

VLAN-aware

Ethernet Switch

VLAN1 (VID:3)

VLAN2 (VID:5)

Loop-IP

6610

E1 / T1 Ethernet

VLAN1 (VID:3)

VLAN2 (VID:5)

Frame Relay

WAN Link

PVC 2

PVC 1

Tagged

Packets

Tagged

Packets

Figure 16-1 VLAN Application #1

Chapter 16 VLAN

Figure 16-2, below, is much like Figure 16-1, except that it contains both tagged and untagged packets on the Ethernet side. The Loop-I 6610 assigns a default VLAN ID to untagged packets (ie.VLAN3 packets in the diagram). The default VID is always the Port VID of the Ethernet Port.

Frame Relay

Network

VLAN-aware

Ethernet Switch

E1 / T1 Ethernet

PVC 1 (VID:3)

VLAN1 (VID:3)

VLAN2 (VID:5)

VLAN3 (VID:7)

PVC 2

(VID:5)

PVC 3 (VID:7)

10/100 Ethernet Hub

VLAN1 (VID:3)

VLAN2 (VID:5)

Untagged

Packets

VLAN3

(untagged)

Tagged Packets

Tagged

Packets

Loop-IP

6610

Figure 16-2 VLAN Application #2

16.2 VLAN and MAC Tables

This section is designed to be a brief overview only. If you are already familiar with VLAN and MAC tables please proceed to section 16.3 ( VLAN Commands and Setup Instructions).

16.2.1 VLAN Table

The “show VLAN table” command can be used to access the VLAN Table. The VLAN table displays the tagged/untagged member for each VLAN ID. There can be as many as 4094 VLAN IDs. The first one that appears in the table is automatically generated. The others must be created. If a table has so many created entries that it becomes unwieldy, the command “show VLAN table[Start] [End]” can be used to display partial contents of the table. For example, “show VLAN table[1] [3]” will bring up a display of created VLANS 1, 2 and 3..

Table 16-1 VLAN Table

Chapter 16 VLAN

16.2.2 MAC Table

The “show MAC” command can be used to access the MAC Table. The MAC table displays the current information of all learned, dynamic MAC entries. The MAC table can be used to monitor network traffic or to de-bug network problems. The Loop-IP6610 will support up to 16K entries in the MAC Table.

Table 16-2 MAC Table

16.2.3 Vlan Port

The “show VLAN port” command can be used to display a port’s parameters in the VLAN environment.

Table 16-3 VLAN Port

Chapter 16 VLAN

16.3 VLAN Commands and Setup Instructions

To set up the VLAN applications you will use the commands in Table 16-4 below. Step by step instructions follow the table.

Table 16-4 Unit Commands

Unit Commands

Parameters Description

add vlan

activate VLAN features—automatically creates VLAN1

delete vlan

deactivate VLAN features

create

vid 14094

creates a VLAN (Vid)

deactivate

vid 14094

deactivates a specific VLAN

pvid

vid 14094

interface name lan1/,wan1/ wan1 pvc1/….

set up the PVID for one bridge interface (default is 1)

frame

type all/tag-only

interface name lan1/,wan1/ wan1 pvc1/….

set up the acceptable frame type for one bridge interface (default is all)

ingressfilter

action enable/disable

interface name lan1/,wan1/ wan1 pvc1/….

enable/disable ingress filtering ability for one bridge interface (default is disabled)

add

vid 14094

tag-type tag/ untag

interface name lan/,wan1/ wan1pvc1/….

add a bridge interface to be one tagged/untagged member for a specific VLAN

remove

vid 14094

tag-type tag/ untag

interface name lan/,wan1/ wan1 pvc1/….

remove a bridge interface from a specific VLAN

mgmt

vid 14094

set the VLAN to the bridge it belongs to (default is 1)

set vlan

regencrc

action enabled/disabled

enabling will cause all wan interfaces (virtual channels) to regenerate the CRC value on the WAN links

Note: This will reduce the performance for bridge forwarding.

table

start: initial entry in the VLAN table end: final entry in the VLAN table

display the VLAN table

port

Interface name lan/,wan1/wan1 pvc1/….

display VLAN information for all bridge interfaces or one specific interface

vlan

state

display VLAN information about the VLAN state, Mgmt. VID, etc.

show

mac

display MAC table regardless of the VLAN state

Chapter 16 VLAN

16.3.1 Application #1 (Fig. 15-1) Step by Step Setup Instructions

Connect a cable between the COM port of your PC and the Console port of the IP 6610. Then follow the instructions below.

Double-click the LoopTerm icon on your PC’s desktop screen. The following screen will appear. Then double–click on the icon in the figure below (see arrow).

1. Timeslot Setting

Make sure that your timeslot setting is correct. To do that key in the command show timeslot and then press Enter. If the results shown are not what you want then you must reset the timeslots by using the add timeslot command. A clear example of how to use this command can be found in Section 12.3 (Remote Bridge -Step by Step Setup Instructions) in this Manual.

2. Frame Relay Setup

You must set up the Frame Relay virtual channel. For the purposes of this demonstration we will assume that the DLCI of two virtual channels are 100 and 101. The DLCI that you actually use may be different.

Set WAN1 to be a frame relay interface by keying in the command set wan1 protocol frame_relay ansi. Then press Enter.

Set virtual channel pvc1 with DLCI 100 by keying in the command set wan1 pvc dlci 1 100.

Loop Telecom IP6610 User Manual

Specifications and Main Features

Frequently Asked Questions

User Manual