Lochinvar 151-286 User Manual
OKB-I-O Rev C
Outdoor Knight Boiler
Installation & Operation
Manual
Models: 151 - 286
WARNING
Save this manual for future reference.
This manual must only be used by
a qualified heating installer / service
technician. Read all instructions,
including this manual and the
Outdoor Knight Boiler Service
Manual, before installing. Perform
steps in the order given. Failure
to comply could result in severe
personal injury, death, or substantial
property damage.
Contents
HAZARD DEFINITIONS .................................................... 2
PLEASE READ BEFORE PROCEEDING ........................ 3
THE OUTDOOR KNIGHT BOILER -- HOW IT WORKS 4-6
RATINGS ........................................................................... 7
1. DETERMINE BOILER LOCATION
Provide Clearances ............................................................ 9
Corrosive Contaminants and Sources ............................... 9
2. PREPARE BOILER
Remove Boiler from Wood Pallet ..................................... 10
Gas Conversions ......................................................... 10-11
Leveling the Boiler ...................................................... 11
3. HYDRONIC PIPING
System Water Piping Methods ......................................... 12
Low Water Cutoff Device ................................................. 12
Chilled Water System ....................................................... 12
Freeze Protection ............................................................. 12
General Piping Information .............................................. 12
Relief Valve / T & P Installation ....................................... 13
Near Boiler Piping Components .................................. 13-14
Near Boiler Piping Connections ....................................... 14
Circulator Sizing ............................................................... 14
Variable Speed Pump Option .......................................... 16
4. GAS CONNECTIONS
Connecting Gas Supply Piping ................................... 24-25
Natural Gas ...................................................................... 25
Pipe Sizing for Natural Gas ........................................ 25
Natural Gas Supply Pressure Requirements ............. 25
Propane Gas .................................................................... 25
Pipe Sizing for Propane Gas ...................................... 25
Propane Supply Pressure Requirements ................... 25
Check Inlet Gas Supply ................................................... 26
Gas Pressure ................................................................... 27
Gas Valve Replacement .................................................. 27
5. FIELD WIRING
Line Voltage Connections ................................................ 28
Low Voltage Connections ................................................ 28
Wiring of the Cascade ...................................................... 30
6. CONDENSATE DISPOSAL
Condensate Drain ............................................................ 32
7. STARTUP ............................................................... 33-38
8. OPERATING INFORMATION
General ............................................................................. 39
Cascade ........................................................................... 42
Sequence of Operation ............................................... 43-44
Outdoor Knight Boiler Control Module ............................. 45
Status Display Screens ............................................... 46-48
9. MAINTENANCE
Maintenance and Annual Startup ................................ 49-53
10. DIAGRAMS
Ladder Diagram ............................................................... 54
Wiring Diagram................................................................. 55
Revision Notes .................................................. Back Cover
Hazard definitions
The following defined terms are used throughout this manual to bring attention to the presence of hazards of various risk levels or
to important information concerning the life of the product.
DANGER
WARNING
CAUTION
CAUTION
NOTICE
2
DANGER indicates an imminently hazardous situation which, if not avoided, will result in death or serious
injury.
WARNING indicates a potentially hazardous situation which, if not avoided, could result in death or serious
injury.
CAUTION indicates a potentially hazardous situation which, if not avoided, may result in minor or moderate
injury.
CAUTION used without the safety alert symbol indicates a potentially hazardous situation which, if not
avoided, may result in property damage.
NOTICE indicates special instructions on installation, operation, or maintenance that are important but not
related to personal injury or property damage.
Outdoor Knight Boiler Installation & Operation Manual
Please read before proceeding
WARNING
NOTICE
WARNING
WARNING
Installer – Read all instructions, including
this manual and the Outdoor Knight
Boiler Service Manual, before installing.
Perform steps in the order given.
User – This manual is for use only
by a qualified heating installer/
service technician. Refer to the User’s
Information Manual for your reference.
Have this boiler serviced/inspected by
a qualified service technician, at least
annually.
Failure to comply with the above could
result in severe personal injury, death or
substantial property damage.
When calling or writing about the boiler
– Please have the boiler model and serial
number from the boiler rating plate.
Consider piping and installation when
determining boiler location.
Any claims for damage or shortage in
shipment must be filed immediately
against the transportation company by
the consignee.
Factory warranty (shipped with unit) does
not apply to units improperly installed or
improperly operated.
Failure to adhere to the guidelines on this
page can result in severe personal injury,
death, or substantial property damage.
If the information in this manual is not
followed exactly, a fire or explosion may
result causing property damage, personal
injury or loss of life.
This appliance MUST NOT be installed in
any location where gasoline or flammable
vapors are likely to be present.
WHAT TO DO IF YOU SMELL GAS
• Do not try to light any appliance.
• Do not touch any electric switch; do
not use any phone in your building.
• Immediately call your gas supplier
from a near by phone. Follow the
gas supplier’s instructions.
• If you cannot reach your gas supplier,
call the fire department.
• Installation and service must be
performed by a qualified installer,
service agency, or the gas supplier.
When servicing boiler –
• To avoid electric shock, disconnect electrical supply
before performing maintenance.
• To avoid severe burns, allow boiler to cool before
performing maintenance.
Boiler operation –
• Do not block flow of combustion or ventilation air to
the boiler.
• Should overheating occur or gas supply fail to shut off,
do not turn off or disconnect electrical supply to
circulator. Instead, shut off the gas supply at a location
external to the appliance.
• Do not use this boiler if any part has been under water.
The possible damage to a flooded appliance can be
extensive and present numerous safety hazards. Any
appliance that has been under water must be replaced.
Boiler water –
• Thoroughly flush the system (without boiler
connected) to remove sediment. The high-efficiency
heat exchanger can be damaged by build-up or
corrosion due to sediment.
• Continual fresh make-up water will reduce boiler life.
Mineral buildup in the heat exchanger reduces heat
transfer, overheats the stainless steel heat exchanger,
and causes failure. Addition of oxygen carried in by
makeup water can cause internal corrosion in system
components. Leaks in boiler or piping must be repaired
at once to prevent makeup water.
CAUTION
CAUTION
Do not use petroleum-based cleaning or
sealing compounds in the boiler system.
Gaskets and seals in the system may be
damaged. This can result in substantial
property damage.
Do not use “homemade cures” or “boiler
patent medicines”. Serious damage to
the boiler, personnel, and/or property
may result.
Freeze protection fluids –
• NEVER use automotive antifreeze. Use only inhibited
propylene glycol solutions, which are specifically
formulated for hydronic systems. Ethylene glycol is
toxic and can attack gaskets and seals used in hydronic
systems.
3
Outdoor Knight Boiler Installation & Operation Manual
The Outdoor Knight Boiler - How it works...
1. Stainless steel heat exchanger
Allows system water to flow through specially designed
coils for maximum heat transfer, while providing
protection against flue gas corrosion. The coils are
encased in a jacket that contains the combustion process.
2. Combustion chamber access cover
Allows access to the combustion side of the heat
exchanger coils.
3. Blower
The blower pulls in air and gas through the venturi (item
5). Air and gas mix inside the blower and are pushed into the
burner, where they burn inside the combustion chamber.
4. Gas valve
The gas valve senses the negative pressure created by the
blower, allowing gas to flow only if the gas valve is
powered and combustion air is flowing.
5. Venturi
The venturi controls air and gas flow into the burner.
6. Flue gas sensor (limit rated)
This sensor monitors the flue gas exit temperature. The control
module will modulate and shut down the boiler if flue gas
temperature gets too hot. This protects the flue pipe from
overheating.
7. Boiler outlet temperature sensor (housed with the
high limit sensor)
This sensor monitors boiler outlet water temperature (system
supply). If selected as the controlling sensor, the control
module adjusts boiler firing rate so the outlet temperature is
correct.
8. Boiler inlet temperature sensor
This sensor monitors return water temperature (system
return). If selected as the controlling sensor, the control
module adjusts the boiler firing rate so the inlet temperature is
correct.
9. Temperature and pressure gauge (field installed, not
shown)
Monitors the outlet temperature of the boiler as well as the
system water pressure.
10. Electronic LCD display
The electronic display consists of 4 buttons, a navigation dial
and a multiple line liquid crystal display.
11. Flue pipe adapter
Allows for the connection of the vent system to the
boiler.
12. Burner (not shown)
Made with metal fiber and stainless steel construction,
the burner uses pre-mixed air and gas and provides a
wide range of firing rates.
13. Water outlet (system supply)
NPT water connection that supplies hot water to the
system, either 1" or 1-1/4", depending on the
model.
14. Water inlet (system return)
NPT water connection that returns water from the
system to the heat exchanger, either 1" or 1-1/4",
depending on the model.
15. Gas connection pipe
Threaded pipe connection, either 1/2" or 3/4",
depending on the model. This pipe should be connected
to the incoming gas supply for the purpose of delivering
gas to the boiler.
16. SMART SYSTEM Control Module
The SMART SYSTEM Control responds to internal and
external signals and controls the blower, gas valve, and pumps
to meet the heating demand.
4
17. Manual air vent
Designed to remove trapped air from the heat exchanger
coils.
18. High voltage junction box
The junction box contains the connection points for the line
voltage power and all pumps.
19. Boiler drain port
Location from which the heat exchanger can be drained.
20. Low voltage connection board
The connection board is used to connect external low voltage
devices.
21. Low voltage wiring connections
Conduit connection points for the low voltage
connection board.
22. Condensate drain connection
Connects the condensate drain line to a 1/2" PVC union.
23. Access cover - top front
Provides protection of the control panel / display from outside
elements.
24. Access cover - bottom front
Provides access to the burner.
25. Ignition electrode
Provides direct spark for igniting the burner.
26. Flame inspection window
The quartz glass window provides a view of the burner
surface and flame.
27. Relief valve
Protects the heat exchanger from an over pressure condition.
The relief valve provided with the unit is set at 30 psi.
28. Flame sensor
Used by the control module to detect the presence of burner
flame.
29. Line voltage wiring connections
Conduit connection points for the high voltage junction box.
30. Top access cover
Provides access to the internal components.
31. Power switch
Turns 120 VAC ON/OFF to the boiler.
32. Leveling legs
Used to allow the heat exchanger to be leveled. This is needed
for the proper draining of the condensate from the combustion
chamber.
33. Air pressure switch
The air pressure switch detects blocked inlet conditions.
34. Transformer
The transformer provides 24V power to the integrated control.
35. High limit sensor (housed with the outlet
temperature sensor)
Device that monitors the outlet water temperature. If the
temperature exceeds its setting, the integrated control will
break the control circuit, shutting the boiler down.
36. Gas shutoff switch
An electrical switch designed to cut power to the gas valve to
prevent releasing any gas.
37. Over-temp switch (Model 286 Only) (located underneath
access cover)
An electrical switch designed to shut down boiler operation in
the event the outer back of the heat exchanger, directly above the
flue connection exceeds 604°F (318°C). This is a one time
switch and could warrant a heat exchanger replacement. Check
the integrity of the rear refractory at the back of the upper coil if
the switch opens.
38. Air cover
Covers the over-temp switch and the flue collar with flue sensor.
39. Flue pipe assembly
Factory supplied components for a complete venting system.
Outdoor Knight Boiler Installation & Operation Manual
The Outdoor Knight Boiler - How it works... (continued)
Models 151 - 211
30
31
10
23
24
Front View - Models 151 - 211
IMG00365
IMG00365
21
11
6
Rear View - Models 151 - 211
29
IMG00366
38
39
33
15
8
14
27
13
19
1
32
22
IMG00367
Left Side (inside unit) - Models 151 - 211
10
25
28
18
7
35
4
5
36
2
26
IMG00368
Right Side (inside unit) - Models 151 - 211
20
16
34
3
1
17
5
Outdoor Knight Boiler Installation & Operation Manual
The Outdoor Knight Boiler - How it works...
Model 286
31
10
23
24
30
IMG00379
29
38
21
39
15
37
IMG00380
6
11
Front View - Model 286
18
33
15
8
14
27
13
19
20
10
36
Rear View - Model 286
34
16
4
5
25
28
2
3
1
17
32
22
Left Side (inside unit) - Model 286
6
IMG00381
IMG00382
Right Side (inside unit) - Model 286
Ratings
A
S
M
E
H
Outdoor Knight Boiler Installation & Operation Manual
Outdoor Knight Boiler
AHRI Rating
Input
Model Number
Note: Change “N” to
“L” for L.P. gas models.
OKN151 30 150 141 122 94
OKN211 42 210 197 171 94
OKN286 57 285 266 232 94
NOTICE
MBH
(Note 4)
Max Min
Maximum allowed working pressure is located on the rating plate.
Notes:
1. As an Energy Star Partner, Lochinvar has determined that
outdoor boilers meet the Energy Star guidelines for energy
efficiency.
2. The ratings are based on standard test procedures prescribed
by the United States Department of Energy.
3. Net AHRI ratings are based on net installed radiation of
sufficient quantity for the requirements of the building
and nothing need be added for normal piping and pickup.
Ratings are based on a piping and pickup allowance of 1.15.
4. Standard outdoor boilers are equipped to operate from sea
level to 4,500 feet only with no adjustments. The boiler will
de-rate by 4% for each 1,000 feet above sea level up to 4,500
feet.
5. Ratings have been confirmed by the Hydronics Section of
AHRI.
6. Outdoor boilers temperature controls comply with the
requirements of CSD-1 Section CW-400 requirements.
The manual reset high limit provided with the outdoor
boiler is listed to UL353.
Heating
Capacity
MBH
(Note 2,5)
Net
AHRI
Ratings
Water,
MBH
(Note 3,5)
AFUE
%
(Note 1, 5)
Other Specifications
Boiler
Water
Content
Gallons
1.3 1" 1/2" 3"
1.7 1" 1/2" 3"
2.4 1-1/4" 3/4" 4"
Water
Connections
Gas
Connections
Air
Size
7
Outdoor Knight Boiler Installation & Operation Manual
1 Determine boiler location
Installation must comply with:
• Local, state, provincial, and national codes, laws,
regulations, and ordinances.
• National Fuel Gas Code, ANSI Z223.1 – latest edition.
• Standard for Controls and Safety Devices for Automatically
Fired Boilers, ANSI/ASME CSD-1, when required.
• National Electrical Code.
NOTICE
WARNING
CAUTION
The Outdoor Knight gas manifold and
controls met safe lighting and other
performance criteria when the boiler
underwent tests specified in ANSI Z21.13
– latest edition.
Outdoor models must be installed outdoors
only and must use the outdoor vent kit
assembly supplied by the manufacturer.
Personal injury or product damage may
result if any other cap is used or if an
outdoor model is used indoors. All covers,
doors and jacket panels must be properly
installed to ensure proper operation and
prevent a hazardous situation.
This product contains a condensate
management and disposal system that
may be subject to freezing if exposed
to sustained temperatures below 32°F.
Precautions should be taken to protect
the condensate trap and drain lines during
extended periods of outdoor temperatures
below 32°F.
Before locating the boiler, check:
1. Check for nearby connection to:
• Water piping
• Gas supply piping
• Electrical power
2. - Keep venting areas free of obstructions.
- Keep area clean and free of combustible and flammable
materials.
- To avoid a blocked air inlet or blocked flue condition,
keep the outdoor air inlet and flue outlet clear of leaves,
debris, etc.
CAUTION
Do not install outdoor models directly
on the ground. You must install the
outdoor unit on a concrete, brick, block or
pressure-treated wood platform.
CAUTION
WARNING
CAUTION
3. Check area around the boiler. Remove any combustible
materials, gasoline and other flammable liquids.
WARNING
Do not locate unit so that high winds can
deflect off of adjacent walls, buildings
or shrubbery causing recirculation.
Recirculation of flue products may cause
operational problems, bad combustion or
damage to controls. Locate unit at least
3 feet (0.91m) from any wall or vertical
surface to prevent wind conditions from
affecting performance.
The outdoor unit must not be installed in
an area that is enclosed by walls or a fence
that will block free wind movement around
the unit. Free movement of wind around
the outdoor unit is required to carry away
the flue products and provide combustion
air. The flue outlet/combustion air inlet
of an outdoor unit must not be installed
closer than 10 feet from an inside corner of
an L-shaped structure. Walls or enclosed
fencing may cause eddy currents which
can recirculate the flue products into the
combustion air inlet. Recirculation of flue
products may cause operational problems,
bad combustion or non-warrantable damage
to controls.
- Do not install the outdoor unit under a
deck.
- Do not install an outdoor unit in a well,
stairwell, alcove, courtyard or other
recessed area.
- Do not install outdoor units on stack
frames.
Failure to comply with the above could
result in severe personal injury, death or
substantial property damage.
- Do not install outdoor units in locations
where rain from building runoff drains
will spill onto the unit.
- Do not locate the outdoor unit so that
water from sprinklers may spray directly
onto it. Water may damage controls or
other electrical components.
Failure to keep the boiler area clear and free
of combustible materials, gasoline and other
flammable liquids and vapors can result in
severe personal injury, death or substantial
property damage.
4. If a new boiler will replace an existing boiler, check for and
correct system problems, such as:
• System leaks causing oxygen corrosion or heat exchanger
cracks from hard water deposits.
8
• Incorrectly-sized expansion tank.
• Lack of freeze protection in boiler water causing system
and boiler to freeze and leak.
Outdoor Knight Boiler Installation & Operation Manual
1 Determine boiler location (continued)
Provide clearances:
Clearances from combustible materials
1. Hot water pipes—at least 1/4" (6 mm) from combustible
materials.
2. Vent pipes—minimum of 14" (356mm) from the rear and
0" on the right side from combustible materials.
Clearances for service access
1. If you do not provide the minimum clearances, it may
not be possible to service the boiler without
removing it from the space.
Recommended service clearances:
Front - 24" (610mm)
Top - 24" (610mm)
Left side - 24" (610mm)
Rear - 24" (610mm)
Outdoor vent / air intake location
WARNING
To prevent recirculation of the flue products into the
combustion air inlet, follow all instructions in this section.
Flue gas condensate can condense on exterior walls or on the
vent. Some discoloration to exterior building or unit surfaces
can be expected. Adjacent brick or masonry surfaces should
be protected with a rust resistant sheet metal plate.
Maintain a minimum of 24" (610mm) clearance to the side
of the air inlet.
Locate the outdoor vent termination at least 48" (1.22m)
below and 48" (1.22m) horizontally from any window, door,
walkway or gravity air intake.
Locate outdoor unit at least 10 feet (3.05m) away from any
forced air inlet.
Multiple outdoor unit installations require 24" (.61m)
clearance between each vent termination.
Clearances around outdoor installations can change with
time. Do not allow the growth of trees, shrubs or other plants
to obstruct the proper operation of the outdoor vent system.
The flue products discharged from the
flue outlet on the outdoor vent may be
very hot. Avoid touching or other direct
contact with the flue gases or the vent
termination assembly. These components
are hot and direct contact can result in
burns.
Flooring and foundation
Flooring
The Outdoor Knight is approved for installation on combustible
flooring.
WARNING
Under no circumstances is the manufacturer to be held
responsible for water damage in connection with this appliance,
or any of its components. If flooding is possible, elevate the
boiler sufficiently to prevent water from reaching the boiler.
Do not install the boiler on carpeting even if
foundation is used. Fire can result, causing
severe personal injury, death, or substantial
property damage.
Prevent combustion air contamination
Do not install unit in locations that can allow contamination
of combustion air. Refer to Table 1A for products and areas
which may cause contaminated combustion air.
Table 1A Corrosive Contaminants and Sources
Products to avoid:
Spray cans containing chloro/fluorocarbons
Permanent wave solutions
Chlorinated waxes/cleaners
Chlorine-based swimming pool chemicals
Calcium chloride used for thawing
Sodium chloride used for water softening
Refrigerant leaks
Paint or varnish removers
Hydrochloric acid/muriatic acid
Cements and glues
Antistatic fabric softeners used in clothes dryers
Chlorine-type bleaches, detergents, and cleaning solvents
found in household laundry rooms
Adhesives used to fasten building products and other similar
products
Areas likely to have contaminants
Dry cleaning/laundry areas and establishments
Swimming pools
Metal fabrication plants
Beauty shops
Refrigeration repair shops
Photo processing plants
Auto body shops
Plastic manufacturing plants
Furniture refinishing areas and establishments
New building construction
Remodeling areas
Garages with workshops
9
Outdoor Knight Boiler Installation & Operation Manual
2 Prepare boiler
Remove boiler from wood pallet
1. After removing the outer shipping carton from the boiler,
remove the installation kit.
2. Remove the front access covers to access the lag bolts in
front of the unit (FIG. 2-1).
3. To remove the boiler from the pallet (after removing the
front access covers):
a. Remove the two lag bolts from the wood pallet
inside the boiler (FIG. 2-1).
b. Detach the boiler from the lag bolts in the rear of the
unit, see FIG. 2-1.
Figure 2-2 Install Flue Pipe Assembly
WALL STRAP SCREWS
BIRD SCREEN
FLUE PIPE
WALL STRAP
NOTICE
Do not drop the boiler or bump the jacket
on the floor or pallet. Damage to the
boiler can result.
Figure 2-1 Boiler Mounted on Shipping Pallet
. 2
Install flue pipe assembly (reference FIG. 2-2 for flue
pipe assembly)
The outdoor boiler is shipped with all the necessary vent
components. All components must be installed prior to
operation. Basic installation steps are as follows:
1. Locate all venting components from the installation kit
and carton.
2. Before connecting the flue pipe sections or components,
verify the gasket is seated evenly inside the groove in the
female end of the elbow and flue adapter.
3. Remove the kit provided screws from the air cover and
use them to install the wall strap.
4. Insert the elbow into the flue adapter.
CAUTION
Do not use grease or other lubricant
on the vent seals. Only water may be
used for this purpose. Grease or other
lubricant can make the seal brittle or it
can result in tears in the surface of the
seal, this will result in flue gas leakage.
ELBOW
NOTE: VERIFY GASKETS ARE
SEATED EVENLY INSIDE
THE GROOVE.
FLUE ADAPTER
AIR COVER
IMG00443
5. Slide the vent pipe through the wall strap and insert it
into the elbow.
6. Install the bird screen into the top of the flue pipe.
Gas conversions
WARNING
1. Remove the top and front access covers from the unit
(tools required for removal).
2. Remove the three screws securing the gas valve to the
venturi (FIG. 2-3).
3. Locate the propane orifice disk from the conversion kit
bag. Verify that the stamping on the orifice disk matches
the boiler size (see Table 2A).
Place the orifice into the black rubber grommet in the
side of the gas valve and secure in the valve (FIG. 2-3).
4. Reposition the gas valve against the venturi and replace
the screws (FIG. 2-3) securing the valve to the venturi.
For a boiler already installed, you must
turn off gas supply, turn off power and
allow boiler to cool before proceeding.
You must also completely test the boiler
after conversion to verify performance
as described under Start-up, Section 7
of this manual. Failure to comply could
result in severe personal injury, death, or
substantial property damage.
You must install a propane orifice to
operate the outdoor boiler on propane
gas. Verify when installing that the orifice
size marking matches boiler size (Table
2A).
10
2 Prepare boiler (continued)
Outdoor Knight Boiler Installation & Operation Manual
5. After installation is complete, attach the propane
conversion label (in the conversion kit bag) next to the
boiler rating plate. Attach the LP caution label (in the
conversion kit bag) to the left side of the unit in the
lower left corner.
6. Replace the top and front access covers.
Table 2A LP Conversion Table
LP Conversion Table
Model LP Orifice Stamping
151 150
211 210 / W150
286 285
WARNING
Figure 2-3 Installing Propane Orifice
After converting to LP, check combustion
per the Start-up procedure in Section
7 of this manual. Failure to check and
verify combustion could result in severe
personal injury, death, or substantial
property damage.
Leveling the boiler
1. Set the boiler in place and check level.
a) Adjust legs if necessary to level boiler, see FIG. 2-4
below.
Figure 2-4 Leveling Legs on the Boiler
11
Outdoor Knight Boiler Installation & Operation Manual
3 Hydronic piping
System water piping methods
The outdoor boiler is designed to function in a closed loop
pressurized system not less than 12 psi. A temperature and
pressure gauge is included to monitor system pressure and
outlet temperature and should be located on the boiler outlet.
It is important to note that the boiler has a minimal
amount of pressure drop and must be figured in when
sizing the circulators. Each boiler installation must have
an air elimination device, which will remove air from
the system. Install the boiler so the gas ignition system
components are protected from water (dripping, spraying,
etc.) during appliance operation for basic service of circulator
replacement, valves, and others.
Observe a minimum of 1/4 inch (6 mm) clearance around all
un-insulated hot water pipes when openings around the
pipes are not protected by non-combustible materials.
Low water cutoff device
On a boiler installed above radiation level, some states and
local codes require a low water cutoff device at the time of
installation.
Chilled water system
If the boiler supplies hot water to heating coils in air handler
units, flow control valves or other devices must be installed to
prevent gravity circulation of heater water in the coils during
the cooling cycle. A chilled water medium must be piped in
parallel with the heater.
Freeze protection, heat exchanger
Freeze protection for new or existing systems must use glycol
that is specially formulated for this purpose. This includes
inhibitors, which prevent the glycol from attacking the
metallic system components. Make certain to check that
the system fluid is correct for the glycol concentration and
inhibitor level. The system should be tested at least once
a year and as recommended by the producer of the glycol
solution. Allowance should be made for the expansion of the
glycol solution in the system piping.
WARNING
Use only inhibited propylene glycol
solutions, which are specifically formulated
for hydronic systems. Ethylene glycol is
toxic and can attack gaskets and seals used
in hydronic systems.
General piping information
Basic steps are listed in this section along with illustrations on
the following pages (FIG.’s 3-4 thru 3-10), which will guide you
through the installation of the outdoor boiler (reference FIG.’s
3-2A and 3-2B).
1. Connect the system return marked “Inlet”.
2. Connect the system supply marked “Outlet”.
3. Install purge and balance valve or shutoff valve and drain
on system return to purge air out of each zone.
4. Install a backflow preventer on the cold feed make-up water
line.
5. Install a pressure reducing valve on the cold feed makeup water line, (15 psi nominal). Check temperature and
pressure gauge (shipped separately), which should read a
minimum pressure of 12 psi.
6. Install a circulator as shown on the piping diagrams in this
section. Make sure the circulator is properly sized for the
system and friction loss.
7. Consult the factory for a pump and/or pump cover. If a
field-supplied pump is used, install per the manufacturer’s
specifications in regard to indoor or outdoor location. An
outdoor rated pump is recommended.
8. Install an expansion tank on the system supply. Consult the
tank manufacturer’s instruction for specific information
relating to tank installation. Size the expansion tank for the
required system volume and capacity.
9. Install an air elimination device on the system supply.
10. Install a drain valve at the lowest point of the system.
Note: The boiler cannot be drained completely of water
without purging the unit with an air pressure of 15 psi.
11. This appliance is supplied with a relief valve sized in
accordance with ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code,
Section IV (“Heating Boilers”). Pipe the discharge of the
safety relief valve to prevent injury in the event of pressure
relief. Provide piping that is the same size as the safety relief
valve outlet. Never block the outlet of the safety relief valve.
12
3 Hydronic piping (continued)
Outdoor Knight Boiler Installation & Operation Manual
WARNING
The relief valve, tee and any necessary fittings
are shipped in the install kit with the boiler
and are to be field installed (FIG. 3-1).
*See the piping illustrations included in this section, FIG.’s 3-4
thru 3-10 for suggested guidelines in piping the outdoor boiler
with either zone valves or circulator pumps.
NOTICE
*Please note that these illustrations are
meant to show system piping concept only,
the installer is responsible for all equipment
and detailing required by local codes.
CAUTION
The outdoor boiler is capable of servicing
multiple temperature loop systems. It is the
responsibility of the installer to protect the
loops with lower temperature requirements
from higher temperatures that may be
required by other loops.
Relief valve and temperature and pressure
gauge installation
Basic steps are listed below to guide you through the installation
of the relief valve and the temperature and pressure (T & P)
gauge provided with the unit.
1. Install the tee with the 3/4 inch fitting positioned
vertically and on the top as shown in FIG. 3-1.
2. Install the relief valve into the 3/4 inch fitting of the tee
installed in Step 1 (FIG. 3-1).
3. Install a field provided 5 inch long nipple and tee with the
fitting positioned vertically on the top on the
downstream side of the relief valve (see FIG. 3-1).
4. Install the temperature and pressure gauge provided with
the unit into the top fitting of the tee (a bushing may be
necessary) installed in Step 3 (FIG. 3-1).
Figure 3-1 Relief Valve / T & P Installation
RELIEF VALVE
TEMPERATURE &
PRESSURE GAUGE
TEE W/FITTING ON TOP
(FIELD PROVIDED)
CLOSE NIPPLE
(FIELD PROVIDED)
TEE WITH 3/4" FITTING
ON TOP
CLOSE NIPPLE
IMG00369
Near boiler piping components
1. Boiler system piping:
Boiler system piping MUST be sized per the pipe
requirements listed in Table 3A. Reducing the pipe size
can restrict the flow rate through the boiler, causing
inadvertent high limit shutdowns and poor system
performance. Flow rates are based on 20 feet of piping,
4 - 90° elbows, and 2 - fully ported ball valves.
2. Boiler system pump w/pump cover:
A Grundfos UPS26-99F pump and pump cover will be
provided by the factory (for standard altitude models) as
the boiler circulation pump based on 20 feet of piping,
4 - 90° elbows, and 2 - fully ported ball valves.
Outdoor boilers are capable of controlling a
variable speed boiler circulator. Variable speed circulators
MUST be sized to meet the specified minimum flow
requirements listed in FIG. 3-3 on page 15 at full
speed.
3. Domestic hot water circulating pump:
Field supplied. The pump MUST be sized to meet
the specified minimum flow requirements listed in
FIG. 3-3. Consult the indirect water heater operating
guide to determine flow characteristics for the selected
product used.
4. Boiler isolation valves:
Field supplied. Full port ball valves are required.
Failure to use full port ball valves could result in a
restricted flow rate through the boiler.
5. Check valves:
Field supplied. Check valves are recommended for
installation as shown in FIG.’s 3-4 thru 3-10. Failure to
install check valves could result in a reverse flow
condition during pump(s) off cycle.
6. Domestic indirect hot water isolation valves:
Field supplied. Full port ball valves are required. Failure
to use full port ball valves could result in a restricted flow
rate through the boiler.
7. Anti-scald mixing valve:
Field supplied. An anti-scald mixing valve is
recommended when storing domestic hot water above
115°F.
8. Unions:
Field supplied. Recommended for unit serviceability.
9. Temperature and pressure gauge:
Factory supplied. The temperature and pressure gauge is
shipped loose. It is the responsibility of the contractor to
install the temperature and pressure gauge on the boiler
water outlet.
10. Pressure relief valve:
Factory supplied. The pressure relief valve is sized to
ASME specifications.
11. Boiler purge valve:
Field supplied. The boiler purge valve is used to
remove entrapped air from the heat exchanger during
start-up.
13
3 Hydronic piping
Outdoor Knight Boiler Installation & Operation Manual
12. System temperature sensor:
Lochinvar supplies a system temperature sensor.
The sensor is to be installed in the heating loop
downstream from the boiler hot water piping and
heating loop junction. Typically the sensor will be
located far enough downstream to sense system diluted
water temperature.
13. Indirect water heaters:
The outdoor boiler may be piped to an indirect
water heater to heat domestic hot water with the space heat
transfer medium. As depicted on pages 17 through 23
there are two options when utilizing an indirect water
heater.
A. The space heating piping will branch off to flow the
space heat transfer medium through a single wall
heat exchanger coil inside the indirect water heater.
B. The indirect water heater is connected to the system
supply piping. A pump controlled by the
outdoor boiler’s control will regulate the flow of
water through the indirect water heater. The indirect
water heater’s temperature will be regulated by the
outdoor boiler’s control.
The outdoor boiler is pre-configured to control the
operation of the DHW pump with Domestic Hot Water
Prioritization programming. The DHW programming is
designed to control and balance the space heating
demand by switching between DHW and space heating.
Lochinvar offers the Squire which is a series of indirect
water heaters. The Squire features a stainless steel vessel
with a single wall stainless steel heat exchanger.
CAUTION
It is up to the installer to ensure the
minimum system flow is not less than the
minimum boiler flow at any time.
WARNING
The National Standard Plumbing Code
and the Uniform Plumbing Code limit the
pressure of the heat transfer fluid to less
than the minimum working pressure of the
potable water system up to 30 psi maximum.
Also, the heat transfer fluid must be water
or other non-toxic fluid having a toxicity of
Class 1, as listed in Clinical Toxicology of
Commercial Products, 5th Edition.
14. Y-Strainer:
Field supplied. A Y-strainer or equivalent multipurpose
strainer is recommended at the inlet of the heat exchanger
to remove system particles from older hydronic systems and
protect newer systems.
Circulator sizing
The outdoor boiler heat exchanger does have a pressure drop,
which must be considered in your system design. Refer to the
graph in FIG. 3-3 for pressure drop through the outdoor boiler
heat exchanger.
Near boiler piping connections
Figure 3-2A Near Boiler Piping w/Y-Strainer
FROM SYSTEM
Y-STRAINER
SYSTEM
PUMP
TO SYSTEM
14
(RECOMMENDED)
BOILER
PUMP
DRAIN
(TYPICAL)
TO FLOOR
DRAIN
DOMESTIC HOT
WATER PUMP
O
T
FROM
INDIRECT
DOMESTIC
HOT WATER
TANK
IMG00377
Figure 3-2B Near Boiler Piping w/Low Loss Header
AIR VENT VALVE
LOW LOSS HEADER
(TYPICAL)
Y-STRAINER
(RECOMMENDED)
BOLIER PUMP
SYSTEM SENSOR
AIR SEPARATOR
DRAIN VALVE
TO FLOOR
DRAIN
DRAIN
(TYPICAL)
FILL VALVE
M
O
R
F
INDIRECT
DOMESTIC
HOT WATER
O
T
M
E
T
S
Y
S
O
T
S
M
O
R
F
EXPANSION TANK
IMG00378
M
E
T
S
Y
0
5
10
15
20
25
3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10111213141516171819202122232425
151
211
286
Outdoor Knight Boiler Installation & Operation Manual
3 Hydronic piping (continued)
Figure 3-3 Pressure Drop vs. Flow
Pressure Drop vs. Flow (Includes Secondary Piping)
Pressure Drop (Feet of Head)
Flow Rate (GPM)
Table 3A Circulator Recommendations for Temperature Rise Applications_20°, 25°, and 35°
20°F Temperature Rise Applications
Model GPM FT/HD
151 14 20 1" UPS26-99F 0011 NRF-36 E7
211 20 29 1" UPS32-160 1400-50 PL-55 E9*
286 27 15 1-1/4" UPS32-80 1400-20 PL-36 E11
*NOTICE
These pumps are only slightly above 20° rise flows, but are the closest available. To reach a 20° rise or less, an
upsized pump will be required.
Minimum Pipe
Size
Grundfos TACO B & G Armstrong
Pump
25°F Temperature Rise Applications
Model GPM FT/HD
151 11 13 1" UPS26-99F 0014 NRF-36 E7
211 16 19 1" UPS26-99F 0013 NRF-36 E7
286 21 12 1-1/4" UPS26-99F 0011 NRF-36 E7
Minimum Pipe
Size
Grundfos TACO B & G Armstrong
Pump
35°F Temperature Rise Applications
Model GPM FT/HD
151 810 1" UPS15-58FC 008/0010 NRF-36 Astro-30
211 11 9 1" UPS15-58FC 0010 NRF-36 Astro-50
286 15 7 1-1/4" UP26-64F 008/0010 NRF-36 E7
Minimum Pipe
Size
Grundfos TACO B & G Armstrong
Pump
NOTICE
NOTICE
NOTICE
Pumps listed in bold type are provided by the factory as the boiler circulation pump on standard altitude
models.
Pumps listed in italicized type are provided by the factory as the boiler circulation pump on high altitude
models.
The temperature rise provided by a pump/model combination will decrease by 3% per 1000 feet of elevation.
15
Outdoor Knight Boiler Installation & Operation Manual
3 Hydronic piping
Variable speed pump option
Table 3B Recommended Variable Speed Pumps
Minimum Temperature Rise*
Pump
Model
151 21 20 19
211 27 25 24
286 27 24 22
*The minimum temperature rise is derived from the chart in FIG. 3-3 with the firing rate and pump speed at 100% as shown in
the table above.
The shaded regions of pump coverage are only available for applications with 230V (60 Hz) supply voltage, all others are
to be 115V. (A field supplied relay is required to connect the 230V pump listed in the shaded area in Table 3B to the boiler
high voltage terminal strip.)
Grundfos
UP26-96 FC/VS
TACO
0013 IFC VS
Wilo
Stratos 1.25 3 x 30
Variable speed pump setup
Before operation, ensure the following:
- Pump is set for an input signal of 0 - 10Vdc by the dip switches on the pump control
- Pump is set for external signal control (if applicable)
- Pump is set for linear output (if applicable)
- If pump does not come equipped with a 0 - 10 Vdc input option, an optional module
will be required from the vendor
NOTICE
NOTICE
Pump sizing and flow requirements are
based on 20 feet of piping, 4 - 90°
elbows, and 2 - fully ported ball valves.
It is required that near boiler piping
systems utilize the Primary/Secondary
configuration shown in FIG. 3-10 only.
The use of other near boiler piping
configurations could result in improper
building and system flow rates leading to
inadvertent boiler high limit shutdowns
and poor system performance.
SMART SYSTEM / Multi-temperature loop
control option
The outdoor boiler is capable of producing up to three (3) set
point temperatures to meet different space heating demands.
When using more than one temperature demand it is necessary
to protect the lower temperature loop from overheating. To
help aid with this protection, Lochinvar offers the MultiTemperature Loop Control Board Kit (RLY30086).
16
Outdoor Knight Boiler Installation & Operation Manual
3 Hydronic piping (continued)
Figure 3-4 Single Boiler - Single Temperature Zoned with Circulators
ZONE #1
PRESSURE
REDUCING VALVE
BACKFLOW
PREVENTER
MAKE UP WATER
AIR SEPARATOR
BALL VALVE
(TYPICAL)
DRAIN POINT
(TYPICAL)
PRESSURE
GAUGE
SYSTEM SUPPLY
SENSOR
(WHEN USED)
ZONE #2 ZONE #3 ZONE #4
EXPANSION
TANK
MAY SUBSTITUTE LOW LOSS HEADER
Y-STRAINER
(RECOMMENDED)
BOILER
CIRCULATOR
DOMESTIC
HOT WATER
CIRCULATOR
FLOW CHECK
ZONE CIRCULATORS
ANTI-SCALD
MIXING VALVE
VALVE
(TYPICAL)
(TYPICAL)
HOT
WATER
OUT
COLD
WATER
IN
NOTICE
UNION
(TYPICAL)
TEMPERATURE /
PRESSURE
GAUGE
DRAIN
BOILER
INDIRECT
DHW TANK
IMG00370
Please note that these illustrations are meant to show system piping concept only, the installer is responsible
for all equipment and detailing required by local codes.
Indoor tank shown for illustration purposes.
17
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