Wireless-N
USER GUIDE
with Ports
4-portuter
Business Notebook Adapter
Model No. WPC4400N
Wireless
Model No.
Model No.
Model No.
Model No.
BUSINESS SERIES
Wireless-N Business Notebook Adapter
Copyright and Trademarks
Specifications are subject to change without notice. Linksys is a registered trademark or trademark of Cisco
Systems, Inc. and/or its affiliates in the U.S. and certain other countries. Copyright © 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All
rights reserved. Other brands and product names are trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective
holders.
WARNING: This product contains chemicals, including lead, known
to the State of California to cause cancer, and birth defects or other
reproductive harm. Wash hands after handling.
How to Use this User Guide
This user guide has been designed to make understanding networking with the Notebook Adapter easier than
ever. Look for the following items when reading this User Guide:
This checkmark means there is a note of interest and is something you
should pay special attention to while using the Notebook Adapter.
This exclamation point means there is a caution or warning and is
something that could damage your property or the Notebook Adapter.
This question mark provides you with a reminder about something
you might need to do while using the Notebook Adapter.
In addition to these symbols, there are definitions for technical terms that are presented like this:
word: definition.
Also, each figure (diagram, screenshot, or other image) is provided with a figure number and description, like
this:
Figure 0-1: Sample Figure Description
Figure numbers and descriptions can also be found in the "List of Figures" section.
WPC4400N-UG-60527NC BW
Wireless-N Business Notebook Adapter
Table of Contents
Chapter 1: Introduction 1
Welcome 1
What’s in this User Guide? 2
Chapter 2: Planning your Wireless Network 4
Network Topology 4
Roaming 4
Network Layout 5
Chapter 3: Getting to Know the Wireless-N Business Notebook Adapter 6
The LED Indicators 6
Chapter 4: Setting up and Connecting the Wireless-N Business Notebook Adapter 7
Starting the Setup 7
Connecting the Adapter 8
Setting up the Adapter 8
Chapter 5: Using the Wireless Network Monitor 18
Accessing the Wireless Network Monitor 18
Using the Wireless Network Monitors 18
Link Information 18
Profiles 21
Create a New Profile 22
Editing a Profile 32
Site Survey 40
Troubleshooting 41
Administration 41
Chapter 6: The Administrative Functions in the Wireless Network Monitor 44
Accessing the Wireless Network Monitor 44
Using the Administrative Functions in the Wireless Network Monitor 44
Classification 45
Security Monitor 49
Appendix A: Troubleshooting 53
Common Problems and Solutions 53
Frequently Asked Questions 54
Appendix B: Windows XP Wireless Zero Configuration 57
Wireless-N Business Notebook Adapter
Windows XP Wireless Zero Configuration 57
Appendix C: Wireless-N Interoperability 60
Appendix D: Wireless Security 61
Security Precautions 61
Security Threats Facing Wireless Networks 61
Appendix E: Windows Help 64
Appendix F: Glossary 65
Appendix G: Specifications 70
Appendix H: Warranty Information 72
Appendix I: Regulatory Information 73
Appendix J: Contact Information 79
Wireless-N Business Notebook Adapter
List of Figures
Figure 3-1: Front Panel 6
Figure 4-1: Setup Wizard’s Welcome Screen 7
Figure 4-2: Setup Wizard’s License Agreement 7
Figure 4-3: Connecting the Adapter 8
Figure 4-4: Available Wireless Network 8
Figure 4-5: WEP 9
Figure 4-6: WPA - Personal 9
Figure 4-7: WPA2 - Personal 10
Figure 4-8: Congratulations 10
Figure 4-9: Creating a Profile 11
Figure 4-10: Network Settings - Wireless Mode 11
Figure 4-11: Ad-Hoc Mode Settings 12
Figure 4-12: Wireless Security - WEP 12
Figure 4-13: Wireless Security - WPA Personal 13
Figure 4-14: Wireless Security - WPA2 Personal 13
Figure 4-15: Wireless Security - WPA Enterprise-EAP-TLS 14
Figure 4-16: Wireless Security - WPA Enterprise-PEAP 14
Figure 4-17: Wireless Security - WPA2 Enterprise-EAP 15
Figure 4-18: Wireless Security - WPA2 Enterprise-PEAP 15
Figure 4-19: Wireless Security - RADIUS - EAP-TLS 16
Figure 4-20: Wireless Security - RADIUS - PEAP 16
Figure 4-21: Wireless Security - LEAP 17
Figure 4-22: Congratulations Screen 17
Figure 5-1: Wireless Network Monitor Icon 18
Figure 5-2: Link Information - Connection 18
Figure 5-3: Link Information - Wireless Network Status 19
Figure 5-4: Link Information - Wireless Network Statistics 20
Figure 5-5: Profiles 21
Figure 5-6: Creating Profiles - Available Wireless Network 22
Figure 5-7: Creating Profiles - WEP Key Needed 22
Figure 5-8: Creating Profiles - WPA-Personal 23
Figure 5-9: Creating Profiles - Congratulations 23
Wireless-N Business Notebook Adapter
Figure 5-10: Creating Profiles - Manual Setup - Network Settings 24
Figure 5-11: Creating Profiles - Manual Setup - Wireless Mode 24
Figure 5-12: Creating Profiles - Manual Setup - Wireless Security - WEP 25
Figure 5-13: Creating Profiles - Manual Setup - Wireless Security - WPA Personal 26
Figure 5-14: Creating Profiles - Manual Setup - Wireless Security - WPA2 Personal 26
Figure 5-15: Creating Profiles - Manual Setup - Wireless Security - WPA Enterprise - EAP-TLS 27
Figure 5-16: Creating Profiles - Manual Setup - Wireless Security - WPA Enterprise - PEAP 27
Figure 5-17: Creating Profiles - Manual Setup - Wireless Security - WPA2 Enterprise - EAP-TLS 28
Figure 5-18: Creating Profiles - Manual Setup - Wireless Security - WPA2 Enterprise - PEAP 28
Figure 5-19: Creating Profiles - Manual Setup - Wireless Security - RADIUS - EAP-TLS 29
Figure 5-20: Creating Profiles - Manual Setup - Wireless Security - RADIUS - PEAP 29
Figure 5-21: Creating Profiles - Manual Setup - Wireless Security - LEAP 30
Figure 5-22: Creating Profiles - Manual Setup - Confirm New Settings 31
Figure 5-23: Creating Profiles - Manual Setup - Congratulations 31
Figure 5-24: Editing Profiles - Wireless Mode 32
Figure 5-25: Editing Profiles - Ad Hoc Mode 32
Figure 5-26: Editing Profiles - Wireless Security 33
Figure 5-27: Editing Profiles - Wireless Security - WEP 33
Figure 5-28: Editing Profiles - Wireless Security - WPA Personal 34
Figure 5-29: Editing Profiles - Wireless Security -WPA2 Personal 34
Figure 5-30: Editing Profiles - Wireless Security - WPA Enterprise - EAP-TLS 35
Figure 5-31: Editing Profiles - Wireless Security - WPA Enterprise - PEAP 35
Figure 5-32: Editing Profiles - Wireless Security -WPA2 Enterprise - EAP-TLS 36
Figure 5-33: Editing Profiles - Wireless Security - WPA2 Enterprise - PEAP 36
Figure 5-34: Editing Profiles - Wireless Security - RADIUS - EAP-TLS 37
Figure 5-35: Editing Profiles - Wireless Security - RADIUS - PEAP 37
Figure 5-36: Editing Profiles - Wireless Security - LEAP 38
Figure 5-37: Editing Profiles - Network Settings 38
Figure 5-38: Editing Profiles - Confirm New Settings 39
Figure 5-39: Editing Profiles - Congratulations 39
Figure 5-40: Site Survey 40
Figure 5-41: Troubleshooting 41
Figure 5-42: Administration 41
Figure 5-43: Administration - Login Access Point Account 42
Wireless-N Business Notebook Adapter
Figure 5-44: Administration - Modify Access Point Account 42
Figure 5-45: Administration - Security Monitor Account 43
Figure 6-1: Wireless Network Monitor Icon 44
Figure 6-2: Administration - Login Security Monitor Account 44
Figure 6-3: Classification 45
Figure 6-4: AP Classification 45
Figure 6-5: Client Classification 46
Figure 6-6: Trusted Mac Address 46
Figure 6-7: Allowed SSID Configuration 47
Figure 6-8: Allowed AP Vendor List Configuration 47
Figure 6-9: Allowed Channel Configuration 48
Figure 6-10: Security Monitor - Channel Usage 49
Figure 6-11: Security Monitor - AP Inventory 49
Figure 6-12: Security Monitor - Client Inventory 50
Figure 6-13: Security Monitor - Alert List 50
Figure 6-14: Security Monitor - POP-UP Alert 51
Figure 6-15: Alert Information 51
Figure 6-16: Security Monitor - Advice 52
Figure 6-17: Security Monitor - Windows Firewall Screen 52
Figure B-1: Wireless Network Monitor Icon 57
Figure B-2: Windows XP - Use Windows XP Wireless Configuration 57
Figure B-3: Windows XP Wireless Zero Configuration Icon 57
Figure B-4: Available Wireless Network 58
Figure B-5: No Wireless Security 58
Figure B-6: Network Connection - Wireless Security 59
Figure C-1: Advanced Tab 60
Wireless-N Business Notebook Adapter
Chapter 1: Introduction
Welcome
Thank you for choosing the Wireless-N Business Notebook Adapter. Setting up your network and your Wireless-N
Business Notebook Adapter is easier than ever.
The Wireless-N Notebook Adapter is the simple way to add or upgrade wireless connectivity in your notebook
computer. Just slide it into your notebook's PC Card slot and enjoy incredible high-speed wireless network
access while retaining true mobility.
The Wireless-N Notebook Adapter uses the very latest wireless networking technology, Wireless-N (draft
802.11n). By overlaying the signals of multiple radios, Wireless-N's "Multiple In, Multiple Out" (MIMO) technology
multiplies the effective data rate. Unlike ordinary wireless networking technologies that are confused by signal
reflections, MIMO actually uses these reflections to increase the range and reduce "dead spots" in the wireless
coverage area. The robust signal travels farther, maintaining wireless connections significantly farther than
standard Wireless-G.
With Wireless-N, the farther away you are, the more speed advantage you get. It works great with standard
Wireless-G and -B equipment, but when both ends of the wireless link are Wireless-N, the throughput can be
increased even more by using twice as much radio band, and can yield speeds beyond 100 Mbps.
The incredible speed of Wireless-N makes it ideal for media-centric applications like streaming video and Voice
over IP telephony; and gives you plenty of bandwidth to run multiple media-intense data streams through the
network at the same time, with no degradation in performance. Get your notebook connected to Wireless-N,
Wireless-G, and Wireless-B networks with the Wireless-N Business Notebook Adapter from Linksys.
But what does all of this mean?
PCs equipped with wireless cards and adapters can communicate without cumbersome cables. By sharing the
same wireless settings, within their transmission radius, they form a wireless network.
adapter: a device that adds network functionality
to your PC.
network: a series of computers or devices
connected for the purpose of data sharing,
storage, and/or transmission between users.
802.11n: a wireless networking draft standard that
specifies a maximum data rate of up to 600Mbps
(300Mbps is supported by this device), an operating
frequency of 2.4GHz, and backward compatibility with
802.11b/g devices.
802.11g: a wireless networking standard that
specifies a maximum data transfer rate of 54Mbps
and an operating frequency of 2.4GHz.
802.11b: a wireless networking standard that
specifies a maximum data transfer rate of 11Mbps
and an operating frequency of 2.4GHz.
encryption: encoding data transmitted in a network
Once you're connected, you can keep in touch with your e-mail, access the Internet, and share files and other
resources such as printers and network storage with other computers on the network, wherever your work takes
you, without cables. Access the web or use instant messaging to communicate with your virtual office from
wherever you may be. You will also be able to connect with any of the growing number of public hotspots in
coffee shops, airport lounges, hotels and convention centers. Your wireless connection is protected by industrialstrength WPA2 encryption.
Chapter 1: Introduction
Welcome
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Wireless-N Business Notebook Adapter
The Wireless-N Business Notebook Adapter has new security monitor functions. When the WPC4400N is used
with a Linksys WAP4400N Access Point, the New AP Detection functionality alerts you when an AP is detected
that has previously not been seen before and New Client detection for unknown clients, giving your business the
visibility and protection it needs.
The included Setup Wizard walks you through configuring the Adapter to your wireless network settings, step by
step. Use the instructions in this Guide to help you set up and connect the Adapter using the Setup Wizard. These
instructions should be all you need to get the most out of the Adapter.
What’s in this User Guide?
This user guide covers the steps for setting up and using the Wireless-N Business Notebook Adapter.
• Chapter 1: Introduction
This chapter describes the Adapter’s applications and this User Guide.
• Chapter 2: Planning Your Wireless Network
This chapter discusses a few of the basics about wireless networking.
• Chapter 3: Getting to Know the Wireless-N Business Notebook Adapter
This chapter describes the physical features of the Adapter.
• Chapter 4: Setting up and Connecting the Wireless-N Business Notebook Adapter
This chapter instructs you on how to install and configure the Adapter.
• Chapter 5: Using the Wireless Network Monitor
This chapter shows you how to use the Adapter’s Wireless Network Monitor.
• Chapter 6: Administration functions in the Network Monitor
This chapter shows you how to use the administration features of the Adapter’s Wireless Network Monitor.
• Appendix A: Troubleshooting
This appendix describes some problems and solutions, as well as frequently asked questions, regarding
installation and use of the Adapter.
• Appendix B: Windows XP Zero Configuration
This appendix describes how to use the Windows XP Zero Configuration.
Chapter 1: Introduction
What’s in this User Guide?
2
Wireless-N Business Notebook Adapter
• Appendix C: Wireless Security
This appendix discusses security issues regarding wireless networking and measures you can take to help
protect your wireless network.
• Appendix D: Windows Help
This appendix describes how you can use Windows Help for instructions about networking, such as installing
the TCP/IP protocol.
• Appendix E: Glossary
This appendix gives a brief glossary of terms frequently used in networking.
• Appendix F: Specifications
This appendix provides the Adapter’s technical specifications.
• Appendix G: Warranty Information
This appendix supplies the Adapter’s warranty information.
• Appendix H: Regulatory Information
This appendix supplies the Adapter’s regulatory information.
• Appendix I: Contact Information
This appendix provides contact information for a variety of Linksys resources, including Technical Support.
Chapter 1: Introduction
What’s in this User Guide?
3
Wireless-N Business Notebook Adapter
Chapter 2: Planning your Wireless Network
Network Topology
A wireless network is a group of computers, each equipped with one wireless adapter. Computers in a wireless
network must be configured to share the same radio channel. Several PCs equipped with wireless cards or
adapters can communicate with each another to form an ad-hoc network.
Linksys wireless adapters also provide users access to a wired network when using an access point or wireless
router. An integrated wireless and wired network is called an infrastructure network. Each wireless PC in an
infrastructure network can talk to any computer in a wired network infrastructure via the access point or wireless
router.
An infrastructure configuration extends the accessibility of a wireless PC to a wired network, and can double the
effective wireless transmission range for two wireless adapter PCs. Since an access point is able to forward data
within a network, the effective transmission range in an infrastructure network can be doubled.
Roaming
Infrastructure mode also supports roaming capabilities for mobile users. Roaming means that you can move your
wireless PC within your network and the access points will pick up the wireless PC's signal, if they both share the
same channel and SSID.
Before you consider roaming, choose a feasible radio channel and optimum access point position. Proper access
point positioning combined with a clear radio signal will greatly enhance performance.
topology: the physical layout of a network.
access point: a device that allows wireless-
equipped computers and other devices to
communicate with a wired network
ad-hoc: a group of wireless devices
communicating directly with each other (peerto-peer) without the use of an access point.
infrastructure: a wireless network that is
bridged to a wired network via an access point.
roaming: the ability to take a wireless device
from one access point's range to another without
losing the connection.
ssid: your wireless network's name.
Chapter 2: Planning your Wireless Network
Network Topology
4
Wireless-N Business Notebook Adapter
Network Layout
Linksys wireless access points and wireless routers have been designed for use with 802.11a, 802.11b, and
802.11g products. With 802.11g products communicating with the 802.11b standard and some products
incorporating both “a” and “g”, products using these standards can communicate with each other.
Access points and wireless routers are compatible with 802.11a, 802.11b and 802.11g adapters, such as the PC
Cards for your laptop computers, PCI Cards for your desktop PC, and USB Adapters for when you want to enjoy
USB connectivity. The wireless-N Business Notebook Adapter uses draft 802.11n, the latest wireless networking
technology. It will be backward compatible with previous 802.11g and 802.11b equipment. Wireless products will
also communicate with the wireless PrintServer.
When you wish to connect your wired network with your wireless network, the network ports on the access
points and wireless routers can be connected to Linksys switches or routers.
With these, and many other, Linksys products, your networking options are limitless. Go to the Linksys website at
www.linksys.com for more information about wireless products.
Chapter 2: Planning your Wireless Network
Network Layout
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Wireless-N Business Notebook Adapter
Chapter 3: Getting to Know the Wireless-N Business Notebook Adapter
The LED Indicators
The Network Adapter's LEDs display information about network activity.
Link/Act
Figure 3-1: Front Panel
Power Blue. The Power LED lights up when the Adapter's wireless networking is enabled.
Link/Act Blue. The Link LED lights up when the Adapter has an active connection.
Chapter 3: Getting to Know the Wireless-N Business Notebook Adapter
The LED Indicators
Power
6
Wireless-N Business Notebook Adapter
Chapter 4: Setting up and Connecting the Wireless-N Business Notebook Adapter
Starting the Setup
The Wireless-N Business Notebook Adapter Setup Wizard will guide you through the installation procedure. The
Setup Wizard will install the driver and Wireless Network Monitor, as well as connect and configure the Adapter.
IMPORTANT: Do not connect the Adapter until you are instructed to
do so or the setup will not work correctly.
Insert the Setup Wizard CD-ROM into your CD-ROM drive. The Setup Wizard should run automatically, and the
Welcome screen should appear. If it does not, click the Start button and choose Run. In the field that appears,
enter D:\setup.exe (if “D” is the letter of your CD-ROM drive).
On the Welcome screen, you have the following choices:
Click Here to Start- Click the Click Here to Start button to begin the software installation process.
User Guide - Click the User Guide button to open the PDF file of this User Guide.
Exit - Click the Exit button to exit the Setup Wizard.
1. To install the Adapter, click the Click Here to Start button on the Welcome screen.
2. After reading the License Agreement, click the Next button if you agree and want to continue the installation,
or click the Cancel button to end the installation.
3. Windows will begin copying the files onto your PC.
Chapter 4: Setting up and Connecting the Wireless-N Business Notebook Adapter
Starting the Setup
Figure 4-1: Setup Wizard’s Welcome Screen
Figure 4-2: Setup Wizard’s License Agreement
7
Wireless-N Business Notebook Adapter
Connecting the Adapter
1. Locate an available CardBus slot on your notebook PC.
2. With the connector pin end facing the CardBus slot and the label facing up, slide the Adapter into the CardBus
slot until it locks in place.
3. Windows will begin copying the driver files to your computer. If Windows asks you for the original Windows
CD-ROM, insert the CD-ROM, and direct Windows to its correct location (e.g., D:\).
4. Then, click Next.
Setting up the Adapter
The next screen to appear will be the Available Wireless Network screen.
This screen provides two options for setting up the Adapter.
• Available Wireless Network. (For most users.) Use this option if you already have a network set up. The
networks available to this Adapter will be listed on this screen. You can choose one of these networks and
click the Connect button to connect to it. Click the Refresh button to update the Available Wireless Network
list.
• Manual Setup. If your network is not listed on this screen, select Manual Setup to set up the adapter
manually. This method of setting up the Adapter is intended for Advanced Users only.
The setup for each option is described, step by step, under the appropriate heading on the following pages.
Click Exit to close the Setup Wizard, if you wish to set up the Adapter later.
Available Wireless Network
The available networks are listed in the table on the center of the screen by SSID. Select the wireless network you
wish to connect to and click the Connect button. (If you do not see your network listed, you can click the Refresh
button to bring the list up again.) If the network utilizes wireless security, you will need to configure security on
the Adapter. If not, you will be taken directly to the Congratulations screen.
1. If you have wireless security enabled on your network, continue to step 2. Only One of these security screens
will be shown. If you don’t have wireless security enabled, continue to step 3.
Figure 4-3: Connecting the Adapter
Figure 4-4: Available Wireless Network
Chapter 4: Setting up and Connecting the Wireless-N Business Notebook Adapter
Connecting the Adapter
8
Wireless-N Business Notebook Adapter
2. Wireless Security If your network has WEP, WPA-Personal , or WPA2-Personal wireless security enabled, then
that security screen will appear. Continue to the screen for your wireless security.
WEP
If your network has the wireless security WEP (Wired Equivalent Privacy), RADIUS or LEAP enabled, this
screen will appear. For connecting with RADIUS or LEAP, click Connect, then continue to the next section
“Manual Setup” on page 11.
Security - Select WEP.
WEP - Select 64-bit or 128-bit.
Then enter a passphrase or WEP key.
Passphrase - Enter a passphrase in the Passphrase field, so a WEP key is automatically generated. The
passphrase is case-sensitive and should not be longer than 16 alphanumeric characters. It must match the
passphrase of your other wireless network devices and is compatible with Linksys wireless products only. (If
you have any non-Linksys wireless products, enter the WEP key manually on those products.)
WEP Key - The WEP key you enter must match the WEP key of your wireless network. For 64-bit encryption,
enter exactly 10 hexadecimal characters. For 128-bit encryption, enter exactly 26 hexadecimal characters.
Valid hexadecimal characters are “0” to “9” and “A” to “F”.
Then click Connect and proceed to Step 3.
wep (wired equivalent privacy): a method of encrypting
network data transmitted on a wireless network for greater
security.
encryption: encoding data transmitted in a network.
wpa (wi-fi protected access): a wireless security protocol
using TKIP (Temporal Key Integrity Protocol) encryption,
which can be used in conjunction with a RADIUS server.
Figure 4-5: WEP
WPA-Personal
If your network has the wireless security WPA Personal (Wi-Fi Protected Access) enabled, this screen will
appear.
Passphrase - Enter a Passphrase, also called a Pre-shared Key, of 8-63 characters in the Passphrase field.
Then click Connect and proceed to Step 3.
Chapter 4: Setting up and Connecting the Wireless-N Business Notebook Adapter
Setting up the Adapter
Figure 4-6: WPA - Personal
9
Wireless-N Business Notebook Adapter
WPA2-Personal
If your network has the wireless security WPA2 Personal enabled, this screen will appear.
Passphrase - Enter a Passphrase, also called a Pre-shared Key, of 8-63 characters in the Passphrase field.
Then click Connect and proceed to Step 3.
3. After the software has been successfully installed, the Congratulations screen will appear. Click Connect to
Network to connect to your network. For more information about the Wireless Network Monitor, refer to
Chapter 5: Using the Wireless Network Monitor.
Congratulations! The installation of the Wireless-N Business Notebook Adapter is complete.
To check the link information, search for available wireless networks, or make additional configuration
changes, proceed to Chapter 5: Using the Wireless Network Monitor.
Figure 4-7: WPA2 - Personal
Chapter 4: Setting up and Connecting the Wireless-N Business Notebook Adapter
Setting up the Adapter
Figure 4-8: Congratulations
10
Wireless-N Business Notebook Adapter
Manual Setup
If your network is not listed with the available networks, you can use Manual Setup.
1. Click Manual Setup on the Available Wireless Network screen to set up the adapter manually.
2. The Network Settings screen from the Wireless Network Monitor will appear. If your network has a router or
other DHCP server, click the radio button next to Obtain network settings automatically (DHCP).
If your network does not have a DHCP server, click the radio button next to Specify network settings. Enter
an IP Address, Subnet Mask, Default Gateway, and DNS addresses appropriate for your network. You must
specify the IP Address and Subnet Mask on this screen. If you are unsure about the Default Gateway and DNS
addresses, leave these fields empty.
IP Address - This IP Address must be unique to your network.
Subnet Mask - The Adapter’s Subnet Mask must be the same as your wired network’s Subnet Mask.
Default Gateway - Enter the IP address of your network’s Gateway here.
DNS 1 and DNS 2 - Enter the DNS address of your wired Ethernet network here.
Click the Next button to continue, or click the Back button to return to the previous screen.
3. The Wireless Mode screen shows a choice of two wireless modes. Click the Infrastructure Mode radio
button if you want to connect to a wireless router or access point. Click the Ad-Hoc Mode radio button if you
want to connect to another wireless device directly without using a wireless router or access point. Enter the
SSID for your network.
Infrastructure Mode - Use this mode if you want to connect to a wireless router or access point.
Ad-Hoc Mode - Use this mode if you want to connect to another wireless device directly without using a
wireless router or access point.
SSID - This is the wireless network name that must be used for all the devices in your wireless network. It is
case- sensitive and should be a unique name to help prevent others from entering your network.
Click the Next button to continue, or click the Back button to return to the previous screen.
Figure 4-9: Creating a Profile
Figure 4-10: Network Settings - Wireless Mode
Chapter 4: Setting up and Connecting the Wireless-N Business Notebook Adapter
Setting up the Adapter
11
Wireless-N Business Notebook Adapter
4. If you chose Infrastructure Mode, go to Step 5 now. If you chose Ad-Hoc Mode, the Ad-Hoc Mode Settings
screen will appear.
Select the correct operating channel for your wireless network. The channel you choose should match the
channel set on the other devices in your wireless network. If you are unsure about which channel to use, keep
the default setting.
Click the Next button. Click the Back button to change any settings.
5. If your wireless network does not have wireless security, select Disabled and then click the Next button to
continue. Proceed to Step 6.
If your wireless network has wireless security, select the method of security used: WEP, WPA/WPA2-
Personal, WPA/WPA2-Enterprise, RADIUS, or LEAP. WEP stands for Wired Equivalent Privacy, and WPA
stands for Wi-Fi Protected Access. WPA uses a stronger security method than WEP and WPA2 defines an even
stronger encryption, authentication, and key management than WPA. RADIUS stands for Remote
Authentication Dial-In User Service. LEAP stands for Lightweight Extensible Authentication Protocol. It uses
username and password-based authentication between a wireless client and a RADIUS server. Click the Next
button to continue or the Back button to return to the previous screen.
Proceed to the appropriate section for your security method: WEP, WPA/WPA2-Personal, WPA/WPA2Enterprise, RADIUS, or LEAP.
Figure 4-11: Ad-Hoc Mode Settings
encryption: encoding data transmitted in a network.
wep (wired equivalent privacy): a method of encrypting
network data transmitted on a wireless network for greater
security.
WEP - Select 64-bit or 128-bit encryption
Passphrase - Enter a passphrase in the Passphrase field, so a WEP key is automatically generated. It is case-
sensitive and should not be longer than 16 alphanumeric characters. This passphrase must match the
passphrase of your other wireless network devices and is compatible with Linksys wireless products only. (If
you have any non-Linksys wireless products, enter the WEP key manually on those products.)
WEP Key - The WEP key you enter must match the WEP key of your wireless network. For 64-bit encryption,
enter exactly 10 hexadecimal characters. For 128-bit encryption, enter exactly 26 hexadecimal characters.
Valid hexadecimal characters are “0” to “9” and “A” to “F”.
Advanced Users
TX Key - The default transmit key number is 1. If your network’s access point or wireless router uses transmit
key number 2, 3, or 4, select the appropriate number from the TX Key drop-down box.
Chapter 4: Setting up and Connecting the Wireless-N Business Notebook Adapter
Setting up the Adapter
Figure 4-12: Wireless Security - WEP
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Wireless-N Business Notebook Adapter
Authentication -The default is set to Auto, so it will auto-detect for Shared Key or Open System
authentication. For Shared Key authentication, both the sender and the recipient share a WEP key for
authentication. For Open System authentication, the sender and the recipient do not share a WEP key for
authentication. If you are not sure which authentication method to select, keep the default, Auto.
Click the Next button to continue, or click the Back button to return to the previous screen.
WPA Personal
WPA Personal offers two encryption methods, TKIP and AES, with dynamic encryption keys. WPA2 only uses
AES for encryption. Select TKIP or AES for encryption for WPA Personal. Then enter a Passphrase that is 8-63
characters in length.
Encryption - Select the type of algorithm you want to use, TKIP or AES, from the Encryption drop-down
menu.
Passphrase - Enter a Passphrase, also called a Pre-shared Key, of 8-63 characters in the Passphrase field.
Click the Next button to continue or the Back button to return to the previous screen.
wpa (wi-fi protected access): a wireless security protocol
using TKIP (Temporal Key Integrity Protocol) encryption,
which can be used in conjunction with a RADIUS server.
wpa2 offers a stronger encryption than wpa by using the
AES (Advanced Encryption Standard) which is a block cipher
with block sizes of 128, 192 or 256 bits.
Figure 4-13: Wireless Security - WPA Personal
WPA2 Personal
Enter a Pre-shared Key that is 8-63 characters in length.
Pre-shared Key - Enter a Pre-shared Key of 8-63 characters in the Pre-shared Key field.
Click the Next button to continue or the Back button to return to the previous screen.
Chapter 4: Setting up and Connecting the Wireless-N Business Notebook Adapter
Setting up the Adapter
Figure 4-14: Wireless Security - WPA2 Personal
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Wireless-N Business Notebook Adapter
WPA Enterprise
WPA Enterprise features WPA security used in coordination with a RADIUS server. (This should only be used
when a RADIUS server is connected to the Router.) WPA Enterprise offers two authentication methods, EAPTLS and PEAP, as well as two encryption methods, TKIP and AES, with dynamic encryption keys. WPA2
Enterprise offers two authentication methods, EAP-TLS and PEAP, but only AES encryption method can be
used.
Authentication - Select the authentication method your network is using, EAP-TLS or PEAP.
EAP-TLS
If you selected EAP-TLS, enter the login name of your wireless network in the Login Name field. Enter the
name of the authentication server in the Server Name field (this is optional). From the Certificate drop-down
menu, select the certificate you have installed to authenticate you on your wireless network. Select the type
of encryption, TKIP or AES, from the Encryption drop-down menu.
Click the Next button to continue or the Back button to return to the previous screen.
Figure 4-15: Wireless Security - WPA Enterprise-EAP-
TLS
PEAP
If you selected PEAP, enter the login name of your wireless network in the Login Name field. Enter the
password of your wireless network in the Password field. Enter the name of the authentication server in the
Server Name field (this is optional). From the Certificate drop-down menu, select the certificate you have
installed to authenticate you on your wireless network; if you want to use any certificate, keep the default
setting, Tru s t Any. Then select the authentication method used inside the PEAP tunnel. Select the type of
encryption, TKIP or AES, from the Encryption drop-down menu.
Click the Next button to continue or the Back button to return to the previous screen.
Chapter 4: Setting up and Connecting the Wireless-N Business Notebook Adapter
Setting up the Adapter
Figure 4-16: Wireless Security - WPA Enterprise-PEAP
14
Wireless-N Business Notebook Adapter
WPA2 Enterprise
WPA2 Enterprise features WPA2 security used in coordination with a RADIUS server. (This should only be used
when a RADIUS server is connected to the Router.) WPA2 Enterprise offers two authentication methods, EAPTLS and PEAP.
Authentication - Select the authentication method your network is using, EAP-TLS or PEAP.
EAP-TLS
If you selected EAP-TLS, enter the login name of your wireless network in the Login Name field. Enter the
name of the authentication server in the Server Name field (this is optional). From the Certificate drop-down
menu, select the certificate you have installed to authenticate you on your wireless network.
Click the Next button to continue or the Back button to return to the previous screen.
PEAP
If you selected PEAP, enter the login name of your wireless network in the Login Name field. Enter the
password of your wireless network in the Password field. Enter the name of the authentication server in the
Server Name field (this is optional). From the Certificate drop-down menu, select the certificate you have
installed to authenticate you on your wireless network; if you want to use any certificate, keep the default
setting, Trust Any. Then select the authentication method used inside the PEAP tunnel.
Figure 4-17: Wireless Security - WPA2 Enterprise-EAP
Click the Next button to continue or the Back button to return to the previous screen.
Chapter 4: Setting up and Connecting the Wireless-N Business Notebook Adapter
Setting up the Adapter
Figure 4-18: Wireless Security - WPA2 Enterprise-PEAP
15
Wireless-N Business Notebook Adapter
RADIUS
RADIUS features use of a RADIUS server. (This should only be used when a RADIUS server is connected to the
Router.) RADIUS offers two authentication types: EAP-TLS and PEAP.
Authentication - Select the authentication method your network is using, EAP-TLS or PEAP.
EAP-TLS
If you selected EAP-TLS, enter the login name of your wireless network in the Login Name field. Enter the
name of the authentication server in the Server Name field (this is optional). From the Certificate drop-down
menu, select the certificate you have installed to authenticate you on your wireless network.
Click the Next button to continue or the Back button to return to the previous screen.
PEAP
If you selected PEAP, enter the login name of your wireless network in the Login Name field. Enter the
password of your wireless network in the Password field. Enter the name of the authentication server in the
Server Name field (this is optional). From the Certificate drop-down menu, select the certificate you have
installed to authenticate you on your wireless network; if you want to use any certificate, keep the default
setting, Trust Any. Then select the authentication method used inside the PEAP tunnel.
Click the Next button to continue or the Back button to return to the previous screen.
Figure 4-19: Wireless Security - RADIUS - EAP-TLS
Figure 4-20: Wireless Security - RADIUS - PEAP
Chapter 4: Setting up and Connecting the Wireless-N Business Notebook Adapter
Setting up the Adapter
16
Wireless-N Business Notebook Adapter
LEAP
Lightweight Extensible Authentication Protocol is a mutual authentication method that uses a user name and
password based system.
Login method - Select the login method your network is using, Manual Login or Windows Login.
If you select manual login, enter the username and password in the username and password field
accordingly. Enter the password again in the confirm filed.
6. The Congratulations screen will appear next. Click Connect to Network to implement the new settings and
return to the Link Information screen. Click Return to Profile screen to return to the Creating a Profile
screen.
Figure 4-21: Wireless Security - LEAP
Congratulations! Your manual setup through the Wireless Network Monitor is complete.
To check the link information, search for available wireless networks, or make additional configuration
changes, proceed to Chapter 5: Using the Wireless Network Monitor.
Chapter 4: Setting up and Connecting the Wireless-N Business Notebook Adapter
Setting up the Adapter
Figure 4-22: Congratulations Screen
17
Wireless-N Business Notebook Adapter
Chapter 5: Using the Wireless Network Monitor
Use the Wireless Network Monitor to check the link information, set up profiles of your wireless settings, search
for available wireless networks, troubleshoot your wireless connections, or administer the accounts that hold
privileges to access the Security Monitor.
Accessing the Wireless Network Monitor
After installing the Adapter, the Wireless Network Monitor icon will appear in the system tray of your computer. If
the Wireless Network Monitor is enabled, then the icon will be green. If the Wireless Network Monitor is disabled
or the Adapter is not connected, then the icon will be gray.
Using the Wireless Network Monitors
The opening screen of the Wireless Network Monitor is the Link Information screen. From this screen, you can
find out how strong the current wireless signal is and how good the connection’s quality is. You can also perform
configuration changes or create connection profiles by clicking the Profiles tab. To view the available wireless
networks, click the Site Survey tab. To troubleshoot the current connections or view the FAQ pages, click the
Troubleshooting tab. To perform the administrative tasks of the account information or specify email alert
addresses, click the Administration tab.
Figure 5-1: Wireless Network Monitor Icon
Link Information
The Connection screen of Link Information Tab displays signal strength and link quality information about the
current connection. It also provides tabs to click for additional connection information.
Signal Strength - The Signal Strength bar indicates signal strength with Red, Yellow, and Green colors to
differentiate among low, medium and high strength.
Link Quality - The Link Quality bar indicates the quality of the wireless network connection with Red, Yellow, and
Green colors to differentiate among low, medium and high quality.
Click the Status or Statistics tabs to view additional information about the wireless network connection on the
Link Information tab.
Chapter 5: Using the Wireless Network Monitor
Accessing the Wireless Network Monitor
Figure 5-2: Link Information - Connection
18
Wireless-N Business Notebook Adapter
Status
Click the Status tab to view the Wireless Network Status screen. The Status screen provides information on your
current network settings.
Radio Band - This shows the radio band used on the wireless network.
SSID - Service Set Identifier, a 32-character unique identifier attached to the header of packets sent over a
WLAN. This is the unique name of the wireless network which differentiates one wireless network to another.
Wireless Mode - The mode of the wireless network currently in use is displayed here.
Wide Channel - This displays the Wireless-N primary channel used with a 40 MHz radio band network.
Standard Channel - This displays the channel used by your wireless network.
Security - The status of the wireless security feature is displayed here.
Authentication - This is your wireless network’s authentication method.
Network Type - The type of your network connection in either wireless-a, wireless-b,wireless-g or wireless-n is
displayed here.
IP Address - The IP Address of the Adapter is displayed here.
Subnet Mask - The Subnet Mask of the Adapter is shown here.
Default Gateway - The Default Gateway address of the Adapter is displayed here.
DNS - This is the DNS (Domain Name Service) address of the Adapter.
MAC Address- The MAC address of the wireless network’s access point or wireless router is shown here.
Click the Statistics tab to view the Wireless Network Statistics screen. Click the Connection button to return to
the initial Link Information screen. Click the Save to Profile button to save the currently active connection
settings to a profile.
Chapter 5: Using the Wireless Network Monitor
Link Information
Figure 5-3: Link Information - Wireless Network Status
19
Wireless-N Business Notebook Adapter
Statistics
The Statistics screen provides statistics on your current network settings.
Transmit Rate - This is the data transfer rate of the current connection. (In Auto mode, the Adapter dynamically
shifts to the fastest data transfer rate possible at any given time.)
Receive Rate - This is the rate at which data is received.
Packets Received - This shows the packets received by the Adapter, in real time, since connecting to the
wireless network or since the Clear Counters button was last pressed.
Packets Transmitted - This shows the packets transmitted from the Adapter, in real time, since connecting to
the wireless network or since the Clear Counters button was last pressed.
Bytes Received - This shows the bytes received by the Adapter, in real time, since connecting to the wireless
network or since the Clear Counters button was last pressed.
Bytes Transmitted - This shows the bytes transmitted by the Adapter, in real time, since connecting to the
wireless network or since the Clear Counters button was last pressed.
Driver Version - This shows the version of the Adapter’s driver.
Signal Strength - This is the intensity of the wireless signal received by the Adapter.
Figure 5-4: Link Information - Wireless Network
Statistics
Up Time - This indicates the length of the most recent connection to a wireless network.
Total Up Time - This indicates the cumulative total of the Adapter’s connection time.
Signal Strength - The Signal Strength bar indicates the signal strength.
Link Quality - The Link Quality bar indicates the quality of the wireless network connection.
Click the Connection button to return to the initial Link Information screen. Click the Status button to go to the
Wireless Network Status screen. Click the Save to Profile button to save the currently active connection settings
to a profile. Click the Clear Counters button to reset the statistics.
Chapter 5: Using the Wireless Network Monitor
Link Information
20
Wireless-N Business Notebook Adapter
Profiles
The Profiles screen lets you save different configuration profiles for different network setups. The table on the left
displays a list of available profiles with their profile names and SSIDs.
Profile - The name of the profile is displayed here.
SSID - The SSID or unique name of the wireless network is displayed here.
Profile Information
For each profile selected, the following are listed:
Wireless Mode - This is the mode of the wireless network currently in use.
Transfer Rate - The data transfer rate of the current connection is shown here.
Channel - This is the channel to which the wireless network devices are set.
Security - The status of the wireless security feature is displayed here.
Authentication - The authentication setting for the network is shown here.
Connect - To connect to a wireless network using a specific profile, select the profile, and click Connect.
Figure 5-5: Profiles
New - Click the New button to create a new profile. See the next section, “Create a New Profile,” for detailed
instructions.
Edit - Select the profile you want to change, and then click the Edit button. See the section, “Editing a New
Profile,” for detailed instructions.
Import - Click the Import button to import a profile that has been saved in another location. Select the
appropriate file, and click the Open button.
Export - Select the profile you want to save in a different location, and click the Export button. Direct Windows to
the appropriate folder, and click the Save button.
Delete - Select the profile you want to delete, and then click the Delete button.
NOTE: If you want to export more than one profile, you have to export them one at a time.
NOTE: Default profile cannot be deleted.
Chapter 5: Using the Wireless Network Monitor
Profiles
21
Wireless-N Business Notebook Adapter
Create a New Profile
The next screen to appear will be the Available Wireless Network screen.
This screen provides two options for setting up the Adapter.
• Available Wireless Network. (For most users.) Use this option if you already have a network set up. The
networks available to this Adapter will be listed on this screen. You can choose one of these networks and
click the Connect button to connect to it. Click the Refresh button to update the Available Wireless Network
list.
• Manual Setup. If your network is not listed on this screen, select Manual Setup to set up the adapter
manually. This method of setting up the Adapter is intended for Advanced Users only.
The setup for each option is described, step by step, under the appropriate heading on the following pages.
Click Back to go back to the previous screen.
Available Wireless Network
The available networks are listed in the table on the center of the screen by SSID. Select the wireless network you
wish to connect to and click the Connect button. (If you do not see your network listed, you can click the Refresh
button to bring the list up again.) If the network utilizes wireless security, you will need to configure security on
the Adapter. If not, you will be taken directly to the Congratulations screen.
1. If you have wireless security enabled on your network, continue to step 2. One of these security screens will
be shown. If you don’t have wireless security enabled, continue to step 3.
2. If your network has the wireless security WEP (Wired Equivalent Privacy), this screen will appear.
Select 64-bit or 128-bit.
Then enter a passphrase or WEP key.
Passphrase - Enter a passphrase in the Passphrase field, so a WEP key is automatically generated. The
passphrase is case-sensitive and should not be longer than 16 alphanumeric characters. It must match the
passphrase of your other wireless network devices and is compatible with Linksys wireless products only. (If
you have any non-Linksys wireless products, enter the WEP key manually on those products.)
Chapter 5: Using the Wireless Network Monitor
Create a New Profile
Figure 5-6: Creating Profiles - Available Wireless
Network
Figure 5-7: Creating Profiles - WEP Key Needed
22
Wireless-N Business Notebook Adapter
WEP Key - The WEP key you enter must match the WEP key of your wireless network. For 64-bit encryption,
enter exactly 10 hexadecimal characters. For 128-bit encryption, enter exactly 26 hexadecimal characters.
Valid hexadecimal characters are “0” to “9” and “A” to “F”.
Then click Connect and proceed to Step 3.
If your network has the wireless security WPA Personal (Wi-Fi Protected Access) enabled, this screen will
appear.
Passphrase - Enter a Passphrase, also called a Pre-shared Key, of 8-63 characters in the Passphrase field.
Then click Connect and proceed to Step 3.
If your network has the wireless security WPA2 Personal enabled, this screen will appear.
Passphrase - Enter a Passphrase, also called a Pre-shared Key, of 8-63 characters in the Passphrase field.
Then click Connect and proceed to Step 3.
For connecting with other authentication method, please see the next section "Manual Setup"on page 24.
3. After the software has been successfully installed, the Congratulations screen will appear. Click Connect to
Network to connect to your network, implement the new settings, and return to the Link Information screen.
Figure 5-8: Creating Profiles - WPA-Personal
Congratulations! The profile has been successfully configured.
Chapter 5: Using the Wireless Network Monitor
Create a New Profile
Figure 5-9: Creating Profiles - Congratulations
23
Wireless-N Business Notebook Adapter
Manual Setup
If your network is not listed with the available networks, you can use Manual Setup.
1. Click Manual Setup on the Available Wireless Network screen to set up the adapter manually.
2. The Network Settings screen from the Wireless Network Monitor will appear. If your network has a router or
other DHCP server, click the radio button next to Obtain network settings automatically (DHCP).
If your network does not have a DHCP server, click the radio button next to Specify network settings. Enter
an IP Address, Subnet Mask, Default Gateway, and DNS addresses appropriate for your network. You must
specify the IP Address and Subnet Mask on this screen. If you are unsure about the Default Gateway and DNS
addresses, leave these fields empty.
IP Address - This IP Address must be unique to your network.
Subnet Mask - The Adapter’s Subnet Mask must be the same as your wired network’s Subnet Mask.
Default Gateway - Enter the IP address of your network’s Gateway here.
DNS 1 and DNS 2 - Enter the DNS address of your wired Ethernet network here.
Click the Next button to continue, or click the Back button to return to the previous screen.
3. The Wireless Mode screen shows a choice of two wireless modes. Click the Infrastructure Mode radio
button if you want to connect to a wireless router or access point. Click the Ad-Hoc Mode radio button if you
want to connect to another wireless device directly without using a wireless router or access point. Enter the
SSID for your network.
Infrastructure Mode - Use this mode if you want to connect to a wireless router or access point.
Ad-Hoc Mode - Use this mode if you want to connect to another wireless device directly without using a
wireless router or access point.
SSID - This is the wireless network name that must be used for all the devices in your wireless network. It is
case- sensitive and should be a unique name to help prevent others from entering your network.
Click the Next button to continue, or click the Back button to return to the previous screen.
Chapter 5: Using the Wireless Network Monitor
Create a New Profile
Figure 5-10: Creating Profiles - Manual Setup - Network
Settings
Figure 5-11: Creating Profiles - Manual Setup - Wireless
Mode
24
Wireless-N Business Notebook Adapter
4. If you chose Infrastructure Mode, go to Step 5 now. If you chose Ad-Hoc Mode, the Ad-Hoc Mode Settings
screen will appear.
Select the correct operating channel for your wireless network. The channel you choose should match the
channel set on the other devices in your wireless network. If you are unsure about which channel to use, keep
the default setting.
Click the Next button. Click the Back button to change any settings.
5. If your wireless network doesn’t have wireless security, select Disabled and then click the Next button to
continue. Proceed to Step 6.
If your wireless network has wireless security, select the method of security used: WEP, WPA/WPA2
Personal, WPA/WPA2 Enterprise, RADIUS or LEAP. WEP stands for Wired Equivalent Privacy, and WPA
stands for Wi-Fi Protected Access. WPA uses a stronger security method than WEP and WPA2 defines an even
stronger encryption, authentication, and key management than WPA. RADIUS stands for Remote
Authentication Dial-In User Service. LEAP stands for Lightweight Extensible Authentication Protocol. It uses
username and password-based authentication between a wireless client and a RADIUS server. Click the Next
button to continue or the Back button to return to the previous screen.
Proceed to the appropriate section for your security method: WEP, WPA/WPA2-Personal, WPA/WPA2Enterprise, RADIUS, or LEAP.
WEP
encryption: encoding data transmitted in a network.
wep (wired equivalent privacy): a method of encrypting
network data transmitted on a wireless network for greater
security.
wpa (wi-fi protected access): a wireless security
protocolusing TKIP (Temporal Key Integrity Protocol)
encryption, which can be used in conjunction with a RADIUS
server.
wpa2 offers a stronger encryption than wpa by using the
AES (Advanced Encryption Standard) which is a block cipher
with block sizes of 128, 192 or 256 bits.
WEP - Select 64-bit or 128-bit encryption
Passphrase - Enter a passphrase in the Passphrase field, so a WEP key is automatically generated. It is case-
sensitive and should not be longer than 16 alphanumeric characters. This passphrase must match the
passphrase of your other wireless network devices and is compatible with Linksys wireless products only. (If
you have any non-Linksys wireless products, enter the WEP key manually on those products.)
WEP Key - The WEP key you enter must match the WEP key of your wireless network. For 64-bit encryption,
enter exactly 10 hexadecimal characters. For 128-bit encryption, enter exactly 26 hexadecimal characters.
Valid hexadecimal characters are “0” to “9” and “A” to “F”.
Advanced Users
TX Key - The default transmit key number is 1. If your network’s access point or wireless router uses transmit
key number 2, 3, or 4, select the appropriate number from the TX Key drop-down box.
Chapter 5: Using the Wireless Network Monitor
Create a New Profile
Figure 5-12: Creating Profiles - Manual Setup -
Wireless Security - WEP
25
Wireless-N Business Notebook Adapter
Authentication -The default is set to Auto, so it will auto-detect for Shared Key or Open System
authentication. For Shared Key authentication, both the sender and the recipient share a WEP key for
authentication. For Open System authentication, the sender and the recipient do not share a WEP key for
authentication. If you are not sure which authentication method to select, keep the default, Auto.
Click the Next button to continue, or click the Back button to return to the previous screen.
WPA Personal
WPA Personal offers two encryption methods, TKIP and AES, with dynamic encryption keys. WPA2 only uses
AES for encryption. Select TKIP or AES for encryption for WPA Personal. Then enter a Passphrase that is 8-63
characters in length.
Encryption - Select the type of algorithm you want to use, TKIP or AES, from the Encryption drop-down
menu.
Passphrase - Enter a Passphrase, also called a Pre-shared Key, of 8-63 characters in the Passphrase field.
Click the Next button to continue or the Back button to return to the previous screen.
WPA2 Personal
Enter a Pre-shared Key that is 8-63 characters in length.
Pre-shared Key - Enter a Pre-shared Key of 8-63 characters in the Pre-shared Key field.
Click the Next button to continue or the Back button to return to the previous screen.
Figure 5-13: Creating Profiles - Manual Setup -
Wireless Security - WPA Personal
Figure 5-14: Creating Profiles - Manual Setup -
Wireless Security - WPA2 Personal
Chapter 5: Using the Wireless Network Monitor
Create a New Profile
26
Wireless-N Business Notebook Adapter
WPA Enterprise
WPA Enterprise features WPA security used in coordination with a RADIUS server. (This should only be used
when a RADIUS server is connected to the Router.) WPA Enterprise offers two authentication methods, EAPTLS and PEAP, as well as two encryption methods, TKIP and AES, with dynamic encryption keys. WPA2
Enterprise offers two authentication methods, EAP-TLS and PEAP, but only AES encryption method is used.
Authentication - Select the authentication method your network is using, EAP-TLS or PEAP.
EAP-TLS
If you selected EAP-TLS, enter the login name of your wireless network in the Login Name field. Enter the
name of the authentication server in the Server Name field (this is optional). From the Certificate drop-down
menu, select the certificate you have installed to authenticate you on your wireless network. Select the type
of encryption, TKIP or AES, from the Encryption drop-down menu.
Click the Next button to continue or the Back button to return to the previous screen.
PEAP
If you selected PEAP, enter the login name of your wireless network in the Login Name field. Enter the
password of your wireless network in the Password field. Enter the name of the authentication server in the
Server Name field (this is optional). From the Certificate drop-down menu, select the certificate you have
installed to authenticate you on your wireless network; if you want to use any certificate, keep the default
setting, Trust Any. Then select the authentication method used inside the PEAP tunnel. Select the type of
encryption, TKIP or AES, from the Encryption drop-down menu.
Click the Next button to continue or the Back button to return to the previous screen.
Figure 5-15: Creating Profiles - Manual Setup -
Wireless Security - WPA Enterprise - EAP-TLS
Figure 5-16: Creating Profiles - Manual Setup -
Wireless Security - WPA Enterprise - PEAP
Chapter 5: Using the Wireless Network Monitor
Create a New Profile
27
Wireless-N Business Notebook Adapter
WPA2 Enterprise
WPA2 Enterprise features WPA2 security used in coordination with a RADIUS server. (This should only be used
when a RADIUS server is connected to the Router.) WPA2 Enterprise offers two authentication methods, EAPTLS and PEAP.
Authentication - Select the authentication method your network is using, EAP-TLS or PEAP.
EAP-TLS
If you selected EAP-TLS, enter the login name of your wireless network in the Login Name field. Enter the
name of the authentication server in the Server Name field (this is optional). From the Certificate drop-down
menu, select the certificate you have installed to authenticate you on your wireless network.
Click the Next button to continue or the Back button to return to the previous screen.
PEAP
If you selected PEAP, enter the login name of your wireless network in the Login Name field. Enter the
password of your wireless network in the Password field. Enter the name of the authentication server in the
Server Name field (this is optional). From the Certificate drop-down menu, select the certificate you have
installed to authenticate you on your wireless network; if you want to use any certificate, keep the default
setting, Trust Any. Then select the authentication method used inside the PEAP tunnel.
Figure 5-17: Creating Profiles - Manual Setup -
Wireless Security - WPA2 Enterprise - EAP-TLS
Click the Next button to continue or the Back button to return to the previous screen.
Chapter 5: Using the Wireless Network Monitor
Create a New Profile
Figure 5-18: Creating Profiles - Manual Setup - Wireless
Security - WPA2 Enterprise - PEAP
28
Wireless-N Business Notebook Adapter
RADIUS
RADIUS features use of a RADIUS server. (This should only be used when a RADIUS server is connected to the
Router.) RADIUS offers two authentication types: EAP-TLS and PEAP.
Authentication - Select the authentication method your network is using, EAP-TLS or PEAP.
EAP-TLS
If you selected EAP-TLS, enter the login name of your wireless network in the Login Name field. Enter the
name of the authentication server in the Server Name field (this is optional). From the Certificate drop-down
menu, select the certificate you have installed to authenticate you on your wireless network.
Click the Next button to continue or the Back button to return to the previous screen.
PEAP
If you selected PEAP, enter the login name of your wireless network in the Login Name field. Enter the
password of your wireless network in the Password field. Enter the name of the authentication server in the
Server Name field (this is optional). From the Certificate drop-down menu, select the certificate you have
installed to authenticate you on your wireless network; if you want to use any certificate, keep the default
setting, Trust Any. Then select the authentication method used inside the PEAP tunnel.
Click the Next button to continue or the Back button to return to the previous screen.
Figure 5-19: Creating Profiles - Manual Setup -
Wireless Security - RADIUS - EAP-TLS
Figure 5-20: Creating Profiles - Manual Setup -
Wireless Security - RADIUS - PEAP
Chapter 5: Using the Wireless Network Monitor
Create a New Profile
29
Wireless-N Business Notebook Adapter
LEAP
Lightweight Extensible Authentication Protocol is a mutual authentication method that uses a username and
password based system.
Login method - Select the login method your network is using, Manual Login or Windows Login.
If you select manual login, enter the username and password in the username and password field
accordingly. Enter the password again in the confirm filed.
Figure 5-21: Creating Profiles - Manual Setup -
Wireless Security - LEAP
Chapter 5: Using the Wireless Network Monitor
Create a New Profile
30
Wireless-N Business Notebook Adapter
6. The Confirm New Settings screen will appear next and show the new settings. To save the new settings, click
the Save button. To edit the new settings, click the Back button. To exit the Manual Setup through the
Wireless Network Monitor, click Exit.
7. The Congratulations screen will appear next. Click Connect to Network to implement the new settings
immediately and return to the Link Information screen. Click Return to Profile Screen to keep the current
settings active and return to the Profiles screen.
Figure 5-22: Creating Profiles - Manual Setup -
Confirm New Settings
Congratulations! The profile has been successfully configured.
Chapter 5: Using the Wireless Network Monitor
Create a New Profile
Figure 5-23: Creating Profiles - Manual Setup -
Congratulations
31
Wireless-N Business Notebook Adapter
Editing a Profile
Select the profile that you would like to edit in the profile list and click on Edit button. The next screen would be
the Wireless Mode. Following the steps below to complete the task:
1. The Wireless Mode screen shows a choice of two wireless modes. Click the Infrastructure Mode radio
button if you want to connect to a wireless router or access point. Click the Ad-Hoc Mode radio button if you
want to connect to another wireless device directly without using a wireless router or access point. Enter the
SSID for your network.
Infrastructure Mode - Use this mode if you want to connect to a wireless router or access point.
Ad-Hoc Mode - Use this mode if you want to connect to another wireless device directly without using a
wireless router or access point.
SSID - This is the wireless network name that must be used for all the devices in your wireless network. It is
case- sensitive and should be a unique name to help prevent others from entering your network.
Click the Next button to continue, or click the Back button to return to the previous screen.
2. If you chose Infrastructure Mode, go to Step3 now. If you chose Ad-Hoc Mode, the Ad-Hoc Mode Settings
screen will appear.
Figure 5-24: Editing Profiles - Wireless Mode
Select the correct operating channel for your wireless network. The channel you choose should match the
channel set on the other devices in your wireless network. If you are unsure about which channel to use, keep
the default setting.
Click the Next button. Click the Back button to change any settings.
Chapter 5: Using the Wireless Network Monitor
Editing a Profile
Figure 5-25: Editing Profiles - Ad Hoc Mode
32
Wireless-N Business Notebook Adapter
3. If your wireless network doesn’t have wireless security, select Disabled and then click the Next button to
continue. Proceed to Step 4.
If your wireless network has wireless security, select the method of security used: WEP, WPA/WPA2
Personal, WPA/WPA2 Enterprise, RADIUS or LEAP. WEP stands for Wired Equivalent Privacy, and WPA
stands for Wi-Fi Protected Access. WPA uses a stronger security method than WEP and WPA2 defines an even
stronger encryption, authentication, and key management than WPA. RADIUS stands for Remote
Authentication Dial-In User Service. LEAP stands for Lightweight Extensible Authentication Protocol. It uses
username and password-based authentication between a wireless client and a RADIUS server. Click the Next
button to continue or the Back button to return to the previous screen.
Proceed to the appropriate section for your security method: WEP, WPA/WPA2-Personal, WPA/WPA2Enterprise, RADIUS, or LEAP.
WEP
WEP - Select 64-bit or 128-bit encryption
Passphrase - Enter a passphrase in the Passphrase field, so a WEP key is automatically generated. It is case-
sensitive and should not be longer than 16 alphanumeric characters. This passphrase must match the
passphrase of your other wireless network devices and is compatible with Linksys wireless products only. (If
you have any non-Linksys wireless products, enter the WEP key manually on those products.)
WEP Key - The WEP key you enter must match the WEP key of your wireless network. For 64-bit encryption,
enter exactly 10 hexadecimal characters. For 128-bit encryption, enter exactly 26 hexadecimal characters.
Valid hexadecimal characters are “0” to “9” and “A” to “F”.
Advanced Users
TX Key - The default transmit key number is 1. If your network’s access point or wireless router uses transmit
key number 2, 3, or 4, select the appropriate number from the TX Key drop-down box.
Authentication -The default is set to Auto, so it will auto-detect for Shared Key or Open System
authentication. For Shared Key authentication, both the sender and the recipient share a WEP key for
authentication. For Open System authentication, the sender and the recipient do not share a WEP key for
authentication. If you are not sure which authentication method to select, keep the default, Auto.
Click the Next button to continue, or click the Back button to return to the previous screen.
Figure 5-26: Editing Profiles - Wireless Security
Figure 5-27: Editing Profiles - Wireless Security -
WEP
Chapter 5: Using the Wireless Network Monitor
Editing a Profile
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Wireless-N Business Notebook Adapter
WPA Personal
WPA Personal offers two encryption methods, TKIP and AES, with dynamic encryption keys. WPA2 only uses
AES for encryption. Select TKIP or AES for encryption for WPA Personal. Then enter a Passphrase that is 8-63
characters in length.
Encryption - Select the type of algorithm you want to use, TKIP or AES, from the Encryption drop-down
menu.
Passphrase - Enter a Passphrase, also called a Pre-shared Key, of 8-63 characters in the Passphrase field.
Click the Next button to continue or the Back button to return to the previous screen.
WPA2 Personal
Enter a Pre-shared Key that is 8-63 characters in length.
Figure 5-28: Editing Profiles - Wireless Security -
WPA Personal
Pre-shared Key - Enter a Pre-shared Key of 8-63 characters in the Pre-shared Key field.
Click the Next button to continue or the Back button to return to the previous screen.
Chapter 5: Using the Wireless Network Monitor
Editing a Profile
Figure 5-29: Editing Profiles - Wireless Security -
WPA2 Personal
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Wireless-N Business Notebook Adapter
WPA Enterprise
WPA/WPA2 Enterprise features WPA security used in coordination with a RADIUS server. (This should only be
used when a RADIUS server is connected to the Router.) WPA Enterprise offers two authentication methods,
EAP-TLS and PEAP, as well as two encryption methods, TKIP and AES, with dynamic encryption keys. WPA2
Enterprise offers two authentication methods, EAP-TLS and PEAP, but only AES encryption method is used.
Authentication - Select the authentication method your network is using, EAP-TLS or PEAP.
EAP-TLS
If you selected EAP-TLS, enter the login name of your wireless network in the Login Name field. Enter the
name of the authentication server in the Server Name field (this is optional). From the Certificate drop-down
menu, select the certificate you have installed to authenticate you on your wireless network. Select the type
of encryption, TKIP or AES, from the Encryption drop-down menu.
Click the Next button to continue or the Back button to return to the previous screen.
PEAP
If you selected PEAP, enter the login name of your wireless network in the Login Name field. Enter the
password of your wireless network in the Password field. Enter the name of the authentication server in the
Server Name field (this is optional). From the Certificate drop-down menu, select the certificate you have
installed to authenticate you on your wireless network; if you want to use any certificate, keep the default
setting, Trust Any. Then select the authentication method used inside the PEAP tunnel. Select the type of
encryption, TKIP or AES, from the Encryption drop-down menu.
Figure 5-30: Editing Profiles - Wireless Security -
WPA Enterprise - EAP-TLS
Click the Next button to continue or the Back button to return to the previous screen.
Chapter 5: Using the Wireless Network Monitor
Editing a Profile
Figure 5-31: Editing Profiles - Wireless Security -
WPA Enterprise - PEAP
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Wireless-N Business Notebook Adapter
WPA2 Enterprise
WPA2 Enterprise features WPA2 security used in coordination with a RADIUS server. (This should only be used
when a RADIUS server is connected to the Router.) WPA2 Enterprise offers two authentication methods, EAPTLS and PEAP.
Authentication - Select the authentication method your network is using, EAP-TLS or PEAP.
EAP-TLS
If you selected EAP-TLS, enter the login name of your wireless network in the Login Name field. Enter the
name of the authentication server in the Server Name field (this is optional). From the Certificate drop-down
menu, select the certificate you have installed to authenticate you on your wireless network.
Click the Next button to continue or the Back button to return to the previous screen.
PEAP
If you selected PEAP, enter the login name of your wireless network in the Login Name field. Enter the
password of your wireless network in the Password field. Enter the name of the authentication server in the
Server Name field (this is optional). From the Certificate drop-down menu, select the certificate you have
installed to authenticate you on your wireless network; if you want to use any certificate, keep the default
setting, Trust Any. Then select the authentication method used inside the PEAP tunnel.
Figure 5-32: Editing Profiles - Wireless Security -
WPA2 Enterprise - EAP-TLS
Click the Next button to continue or the Back button to return to the previous screen.
Chapter 5: Using the Wireless Network Monitor
Editing a Profile
Figure 5-33: Editing Profiles - Wireless Security -
WPA2 Enterprise - PEAP
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Wireless-N Business Notebook Adapter
RADIUS
RADIUS features use of a RADIUS server. (This should only be used when a RADIUS server is connected to the
Router.) RADIUS offers two authentication types: EAP-TLS and PEAP.
Authentication - Select the authentication method your network is using, EAP-TLS or PEAP.
EAP-TLS
If you selected EAP-TLS, enter the login name of your wireless network in the Login Name field. Enter the
name of the authentication server in the Server Name field (this is optional). From the Certificate drop-down
menu, select the certificate you have installed to authenticate you on your wireless network.
Click the Next button to continue or the Back button to return to the previous screen.
PEAP
If you selected PEAP, enter the login name of your wireless network in the Login Name field. Enter the
password of your wireless network in the Password field. Enter the name of the authentication server in the
Server Name field (this is optional). From the Certificate drop-down menu, select the certificate you have
installed to authenticate you on your wireless network; if you want to use any certificate, keep the default
setting, Trust Any. Then select the authentication method used inside the PEAP tunnel.
Click the Next button to continue or the Back button to return to the previous screen.
Figure 5-34: Editing Profiles - Wireless Security -
RADIUS - EAP-TLS
Figure 5-35: Editing Profiles - Wireless Security -
RADIUS - PEAP
Chapter 5: Using the Wireless Network Monitor
Editing a Profile
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Wireless-N Business Notebook Adapter
LEAP
Lightweight Extensible Authentication Protocol is a mutual authentication method that uses a username and
password based system.
Login method - Select the login method your network is using, Manual Login or Windows Login.
If you select manual login, enter the username and password in the username and password field
accordingly. Enter the password again in the confirm filed.
4. The Network Settings screen from the Wireless Network Monitor will appear. If your network has a router or
other DHCP server, click the radio button next to Obtain network settings automatically (DHCP).
Figure 5-36: Editing Profiles - Wireless Security -
LEAP
If your network does not have a DHCP server, click the radio button next to Specify network settings. Enter
an IP Address, Subnet Mask, Default Gateway, and DNS addresses appropriate for your network. You must
specify the IP Address and Subnet Mask on this screen. If you are unsure about the Default Gateway and DNS
addresses, leave these fields empty.
IP Address - This IP Address must be unique to your network.
Subnet Mask - The Adapter’s Subnet Mask must be the same as your wired network’s Subnet Mask.
Default Gateway - Enter the IP address of your network’s Gateway here.
DNS 1 and DNS 2 - Enter the DNS address of your wired Ethernet network here.
Click the Next button to continue, or click the Back button to return to the previous screen.
Chapter 5: Using the Wireless Network Monitor
Editing a Profile
Figure 5-37: Editing Profiles - Network Settings
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Wireless-N Business Notebook Adapter
5. The Confirm New Settings screen will appear next and show the new settings. To save the new settings, click
the Save button. To edit the new settings, click the Back button. To exit the Manual Setup through the
Wireless Network Monitor, click Exit.
6. The Congratulations screen will appear next. Click Connect to Network to implement the new settings
immediately and return to the Link Information screen. Click Return to Profile Screen to keep the current
settings active and return to the Profiles screen.
Figure 5-38: Editing Profiles - Confirm New Settings
Congratulations! The profile has been successfully configured.
Chapter 5: Using the Wireless Network Monitor
Editing a Profile
Figure 5-39: Editing Profiles - Congratulations
39
Wireless-N Business Notebook Adapter
Site Survey
The Site Survey screen displays a list of available networks in the table on the left. The table shows each
network’s SSID, Channel, and the quality of the wireless signal the Adapter is receiving. You may click SSID, CH
(Channel), or Signal, to sort by that field.
SSID - The SSID or unique name of the wireless network is displayed here.
CH - This is the channel that the network uses.
Signal - This is the percentage of signal strength, from 0 to 100%.
The Access Points in the Site Survey list will be represented with different
icons that will indicate Access Points in various states of classification. For
instance, trusted Access Points are green, untrusted Access Points are red,
and unclassified Access Points are blue. And if there is a lock next to it, it
indicates the Access Point has a security method enabled.
For more information about classification of the Access Points, please see section "AP Classification" of Chapter
6.
Figure 5-40: Site Survey
Site Information
For each network selected, the following settings for each SSID are listed:
Wireless Mode - This is the mode of the wireless network currently in use.
Network Type - The type of your network connection in either wireless-a, wireless-b,wireless-g or wireless-n is
displayed here.
Security - The status of the wireless security feature is displayed here.
MAC Address- The MAC address of the wireless network’s access point is displayed here.
Refresh - Click the Refresh button to perform a new search for wireless devices.
Chapter 5: Using the Wireless Network Monitor
Site Survey
40
Wireless-N Business Notebook Adapter
Troubleshooting
The Troubleshooting screen lets you troubleshoot your wireless connection.
Address Type - This shows the addressing method of your client.
IP Address - This shows the current IP Address of your client.
Subnet Mask - This shows the subnet mask of your IP addressing.
Default Gateway - This shows the default gateway of your IP addressing.
You may click Repair to troubleshoot your connection to the wireless network. Repair will disconnect your client
from the network and then reconnect, in order to re-establish an IP address. You may also click FAQ to view the
FAQ pages from the Linksys website.
Administration
The Administration screen lets you administer your Security Monitor account and modify your Access Point’s
username and password. Please select on a button to log in to either the Security Monitor account or Account
Management as the Access Point's administrator.
Figure 5-41: Troubleshooting
Log in as the Security Monitor account to access the classification and Security Monitor functions:
Enter the Security Monitor's account name and password and retype the password in the confirm field. Click
Next to proceed with more administrative options.
Once you have logged in successfully, the Classification and Security Monitor Tab appears. Please see "Chapter
6: The Administrative Functions in the Wireless Network Monitor" for more information.
Chapter 5: Using the Wireless Network Monitor
Troubleshooting
Figure 5-42: Administration
41
Wireless-N Business Notebook Adapter
Log in as the Access Point's administrator:
Enter the Access Point's administrative account and password and retype the password in the confirm field
(default account name is admin and password is admin). Click Next to continue to the administrative options.
Access Point Account
This will let you modify your Access Point’s username and password.
Figure 5-43: Administration - Login Access Point
Account
Chapter 5: Using the Wireless Network Monitor
Administration
Figure 5-44: Administration - Modify Access Point
Account
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Wireless-N Business Notebook Adapter
Security Monitor Account
The Security Monitor Account screen provides you with the function to create and modify your Security Monitor
account. The Security Monitor account gives access to the administrative functions of the Wireless Network
Monitor.
Please enter the administrator’s username and password for modifying the Security Monitor account.
The username and password for the Security Monitor administrator
account may or may not be the same as the Access Point's administrator
account.
Select an account from the drop-down menu to create or modify the username and password. There are a total of
five accounts available. Click Save to save your existing changes.
Figure 5-45: Administration - Security Monitor
Account
Chapter 5: Using the Wireless Network Monitor
Administration
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Wireless-N Business Notebook Adapter
Chapter 6: The Administrative Functions in the Wireless Network Monitor
Use the administration functions in the Wireless Network Monitor to classify your wireless networks into different
groups and monitor the activities and resources within your networks. The following functions under
Classification and Security Monitor screens are only enabled after an administrator or privileged user enters a
valid username and password.
Accessing the Wireless Network Monitor
After installing the Adapter, the Wireless Network Monitor icon will appear in the system tray of your computer. If
the Wireless Network Monitor is enabled, then the icon will be green. If the Wireless Network Monitor is disabled
or the Adapter is not connected, then the icon will be gray.
Using the Administrative Functions in the Wireless Network Monitor
The Administration tab will give you access to the administrative tasks of the account information and other
functions, such as classification and monitoring of your wireless networks.The Classification and Security
Monitor function will be provided after login as the Security Monitor account at the Administration screen. To
configure trusted/untrusted wireless networks, click the Classification tab. To view the summarized report of
the monitored wireless activities and alert messages, click the Security Monitor.
Figure 6-1: Wireless Network Monitor Icon
Figure 6-2: Administration - Login Security Monitor
Account
Chapter 6: The Administrative Functions in the Wireless Network Monitor
Accessing the Wireless Network Monitor
44
Wireless-N Business Notebook Adapter
Classification
The Classification screen displays a summary of classified devices. The table shows the number of access points
and clients classified as trusted and untrusted by MAC addresses in your networks. It also shows the number of
allowed vendors, SSIDs, and channels. You may uncheck the Receive classification rules to disable a client
from receiving the network's current classification rules. The default condition is checked, so each client always
receives classification rules in synchronization with other clients in the network. You may also click the
Synchronize button to send out the classification rules to other users within your monitored wireless networks.
Click Next to configure your trusted networks.
NOTE: You will have to log in with a valid Security Monitor account to view this screen and all
remaining screens in Chapter 6.
NOTE: Classification rules: Access Points and Clients can be classified as trusted or
untrusted, and Access Points can be additionally classified by MAC address, SSID, vendor, or
channel.
AP Classification
Figure 6-3: Classification
The AP Classification Screen lets you classify the existing Access Points as Trusted or Untrusted. A Trusted device
is one that has been identified by the system administrator to be known and legitimate. An Untrusted device is
one that is known and not legitimate. This device could be a malicious device or simply a neighborhood device
not part of the network. Remaining devices that have not been classified can be considered Unclassified or
Unknown.
The left table lists the available unclassified wireless access points with their SSIDs, channels and MAC
Addresses. The top right table lists the Access Points that have been classified as Trusted. The lower right table
lists the Access Points that have been classified as Untrusted.
You may check any items from the Unclassified Access Points table and click the arrow to classify your
selections into Trusted Access Points or Untrusted Access Points.
You may click Refresh to refresh the list, Clear to clear selected items on the list, or Back to go to the previous
screen.
Chapter 6: The Administrative Functions in the Wireless Network Monitor
Classification
Figure 6-4: AP Classification
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Wireless-N Business Notebook Adapter
Client Classification
The Client Classification Screen lets you classify the existing wireless clients into trusted networks and untrusted
networks. New Client information is received from Linksys Business Series Access Points. New Clients start off
as Unclassified until the System Administrator classifies them. A Trusted Client is one that has been identified by
the System Administrator to be known and legitimate. An Untrusted Client is one that is known and not legitimate.
This client could be a malicious client or simply a neighborhood client not part of the network. Remaining clients
that have not been classified can be considered as Unclassified or Unknown.
The left table lists the available unclassified clients with their associated Access Point's SSID. The top right table
lists the clients that have been classified as Trusted . The lower right table lists the clients that have been
classified as Untrusted.
You may check any items from the Unclassified Clients table and click the arrow to classify your selections into
Trusted Clients or Untrusted Clients.
You may click Refresh to refresh the list, Clear to clear selected items on the list, or Back to go to the previous
screen.
Advanced Settings
Click Advanced Settings for classifying your wireless networks with more options, such as Mac Address,
Vendor, SSID and Channel.
Trusted MAC Addresses
The MAC Addresses Screen provides information and function for configuring the existing wireless networks as
trusted networks with MAC Access control of the Access Points and the clients.
The tables list the entry of MAC addresses of your trusted or allowed wireless Access Points and the clients.
Enter the 12-digit hexadecimal numbers in the field and click Delete or Add to delete or add the entry. You may
click the Vendor tab to configure the trusted AP vendor list or SSID to configure the trusted SSID list, Channel to
configure the trusted channel, Back to go to the previous screen.
The Trusted AP with the MAC Address that you have entered will be shown with its associated SSID and MAC
Address in the AP Classification screen. However, it will be shown with an N/A SSID, if it is not listed under the
Unclassified Access Points.
Figure 6-5: Client Classification
Figure 6-6: Trusted Mac Address
Chapter 6: The Administrative Functions in the Wireless Network Monitor
Classification
46
Wireless-N Business Notebook Adapter
Allowed SSID Configuration
The Allowed SSID table shows the SSID of the allowed AP on your network. APs from SSIDs not on the allowed
SSIDs list will be automatically classified as untrusted. A blank list indicates that all SSIDs are allowed for
classification.
SSID - This is the unique name of the wireless network. It is a 32-character unique identifier attached to the
header of packets sent over a WLAN that acts a password when a mobile device tries to connect to the Access
Point.
You may enter the SSID of your trusted/allowed wireless networks in the field and click Add to add it into your
list. You may select any item and click Delete to delete it from the list.
Allowed Vendor List Configuration
The Existing AP Vendor OUI lists the OUI and Vendor Name of your trusted or allowed AP Vendor OUIs You may
check any item and click delete to delete it from the list.
OUI - The Organization Unique Identification is the three-octet used to generate LAN MAC Addresses for
hardware manufacturers. To get hte latest vendor OUI list, visit
http://standards.ieee.org/regauth/oui/index.shtml.
Vendor Name - This is the name of your desired vendors.
You may select from the drop-down list for available vendor’s names and click Add to add your desired vendors.
If the vendor OUI does not exist, you may also enter the company’s OUI and click Add to incorporate your vendor’s
OUI in the list. APs from vendors not on the allowed vendor list will be automatically classified as untrusted. The
vendor OUI number is the first 6 digits of the AP's MAC address. A blank list indicates that all vendor OUIs are
allowed for AP classification.
Figure 6-7: Allowed SSID Configuration
Figure 6-8: Allowed AP Vendor List Configuration
Chapter 6: The Administrative Functions in the Wireless Network Monitor
Classification
47
Wireless-N Business Notebook Adapter
Allowed Channel Configuration
The Allowed Channel Configuration shows the allowed channels for using in your wireless networks. You may
check individual channels or click Check All to check all of the channels. Unclassified access points on
unchecked channels will be automatically classified as untrusted.
Figure 6-9: Allowed Channel Configuration
Chapter 6: The Administrative Functions in the Wireless Network Monitor
Classification
48
Wireless-N Business Notebook Adapter
Security Monitor
The Security Monitor screen displays the statistics of your wireless network and alerts you of network activity.
You may click Channel Usage, AP Inventory, Client Inventory, or Alert to proceed with more security Monitor
functions.
Channel Usage
The Channel Usage screen provides statistics of the distribution on your channel’s usages. The histogram shows
the number of Access Points in each channel. Click the radio buttons to show the specified period of time for data
calculated. You may select Real Time for current data, 24 hours for data within the last 24 hours, 7 days for
data within the last 7 days or select days for a range of days.
You may click AP Inventory to view the statistics of the distribution on your AP’s classifications or Client
Inventory to view the distribution of the client’s classifications on your wireless networks.
AP Inventory
The AP Inventory screen provides statistics of the distribution grouped by your AP’s classification of your wireless
networks. The pie chart shows the percentage and number of each classification type. Click the radio buttons to
show the specified period of time for data calculated. You may select Real Time for current data, 24 hours for
data within the last 24 hours, 7 days for data within the last 7 days or select days for a range of days.
Chapter 6: The Administrative Functions in the Wireless Network Monitor
Security Monitor
Figure 6-10: Security Monitor - Channel Usage
Figure 6-11: Security Monitor - AP Inventory
49
Wireless-N Business Notebook Adapter
Client Inventory
The Client Inventory screen provides statistics of Trusted, Untrusted, and Unknown Clients. The pie chart shows
the percentage and number of each wireless client’s classification. Click the radio buttons to show the specified
period of time for the data calculated. You may select Real Time for current data, 24 hours for data within the
last 24 hours, 7 days for data within the last 7 days or select days for a range of days.
Alert List
The Alert List screen shows the list of the alert activities within your monitored wireless networks. A username
and password is required to access this screen. Please refer to section "Administration"for more information.
Figure 6-12: Security Monitor - Client Inventory
MAC Address - This shows the MAC Address of the wireless client or access point that was detected.
Alert Description - This shows brief descriptions of the alert activities. The alert system will alert you when new
access points or wireless clients have been detected.
Date/Time - This indicates the date/time that an alert activity happened.
Receive Alert logs - Check this to receive alert logs from access points.
Enable Pop-up - Check this to allow this client to recive a pop-up warning message when a new access point/
client is detected.
You may click any item to view a more detailed information for each event. You may also click Back to go to the
previous screen or Exit to go to the main menu.
Chapter 6: The Administrative Functions in the Wireless Network Monitor
Security Monitor
Figure 6-13: Security Monitor - Alert List
50
Wireless-N Business Notebook Adapter
NOTE: You will be alerted when an Access Point is detected.
Alert Information
The alert information screen shows the detailed message of each alert event.
Message - This indicates the description of the event.
MAC Address - This shows the MAC Address of the wireless client or Access Point that performed the action.
Severity - This shows the level of the security severity of the action.
Type - This show the type of the networking activity that was performed.
DateTime - This shows the Date/Time of the alert.
Description - This shows the detailed description of the event.
You may click the Advice button to view the advice message, Back to go back to the previous screen, or Exit to
go back to the main menu.
Figure 6-14: Security Monitor - POP-UP Alert
Figure 6-15: Alert Information
Chapter 6: The Administrative Functions in the Wireless Network Monitor
Security Monitor
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Wireless-N Business Notebook Adapter
Advice
The Advice screen shows the advice message of each alert event. You may adjust your wireless network settings
according to the advice to better protect your networks.
Windows Firewall
Figure 6-16: Security Monitor - Advice
IMPORTANT: DO NOT select Don’t allow exceptions or the security
monitor will not work correctly.
Windows XP users may see a Windows Firewall screen when using the WPC4400N security monitor.
Select On (recommended) to use the firewall. Do not select the Don't allow exceptions or the Adapter’s security
monitor will not work properly.
Chapter 6: The Administrative Functions in the Wireless Network Monitor
Security Monitor
Figure 6-17: Security Monitor - Windows Firewall
Screen
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Wireless-N Business Notebook Adapter
Appendix A: Troubleshooting
This appendix consists of two parts: “Common Problems and Solutions” and “Frequently Asked Questions.” This
appendix provides solutions to problems that may occur during the installation and operation of the Wireless-N
Business Notebook Adapter. Read the description below to solve your problems. If you can't find an answer here,
check the Linksys website at www.linksys.com.
Common Problems and Solutions
1. My computer does not recognize the Wireless-N Business Notebook Adapter.
Make sure that the Wireless-N Business Notebook Adapter is properly inserted into the PC Card slot.
2. The Wireless-N Business Notebook Adapter does not work properly.
Reinsert the Wireless-N Business Notebook Adapter into the notebook's PCMCIA slot. If the wizard for finding
new hardware doesn't start automatically, troubleshoot with the following steps:
Right-click on My Computer, and select Properties. Select the Hardware tab and click on the Device
Manager, then click on the Network Adapter. You will find the Wireless-N Business Notebook Adapter if it is
installed successfully. If you see a yellow exclamation mark, the resources may be conflicting and you must
follow the steps below:
• Uninstall the driver software from your PC.
• Restart your PC and repeat the hardware and software installation as specified in this User Guide.
3. I cannot communicate with the other computers linked via Ethernet in the Infrastructure
configuration.
Make sure that the notebook or desktop is powered on.
Make sure that the Wireless-N Business Notebook Adapter is configured with the same SSID and WEP
settings as the other computers in the Infrastructure configuration.
Appendix A: Troubleshooting
Common Problems and Solutions
53
Wireless-N Business Notebook Adapter
Frequently Asked Questions
Can I run an application from a remote computer over the wireless network?
This will depend on whether or not the application is designed to be used over a network. Consult the
application’s user guide to determine if it supports operation over a network.
How will the Wireless networking technology help with my business?
Keeping your business connected in the internet and managing networking in your office without wires give you
the freedom to create a dynamic office environment that changes and grows as your business needs. The Linksys
Wirelees–N Business Notebook Adapter will not only let you communicate sensitive data in a wireless setting but
also give you the security and management options within your monitored networks. We designed our wireless
products to be simple to set up with the advances of the latest data encryption methods and Security Monitor
functions. It is aimed to benefit your business from its full wireless networking while stayed protected.
What is 802.11n standard?
802.11n builds upon previous 802.11 standards by adding MIMO (multiple-input multiple-output). MIMO uses
multiple transmitter and receiver antennas to allow for increased data throughput and increased operating
ranges. The real data throughput is estimated to be 540Mbps which is 10 times faster than 802.11a
What is the 802.11b standard?
It is one of the standards for wireless networks. The 802.11b standard allows wireless networking hardware from
different manufacturers to communicate, provided that the hardware complies with the 802.11b standard. The
802.11b standard states a maximum data transfer rate of 11Mbps and an operating frequency of 2.4GHz.
What is the IEEE 802.11g standard?
It is one of the IEEE standards for wireless networks. The 802.11g standard allows wireless networking hardware
from different manufacturers to communicate, provided that the hardware complies with the 802.11g standard.
The 802.11g standard states a maximum data transfer rate of 54Mbps and an operating frequency of 2.4GHz.
What 802.11b features are supported?
The product supports the following 802.11b functions:
• CSMA/CA plus Acknowledge protocol
• Multi-Channel Roaming
• Automatic Rate Selection
• RTS/CTS feature
• Fragmentation
• Power Management
Appendix A: Troubleshooting
Frequently Asked Questions
54
Wireless-N Business Notebook Adapter
What IEEE 802.11g features are supported?
The product supports the following IEEE 802.11g functions:
• CSMA/CA plus Acknowledge protocol
• OFDM protocol
• Multi-Channel Roaming
• Automatic Rate Selection
• RTS/CTS feature
• Fragmentation
• Power Management
What is ad-hoc mode?
When a wireless network is set to ad-hoc mode, the wireless-equipped computers are configured to
communicate directly with each other. This type of network will not communicate with any wired network.
What is infrastructure mode?
When a wireless network is set to infrastructure mode, the wireless network is configured to communicate with a
wired network through a wireless access point.
What is roaming?
Roaming is the ability of a portable computer user to communicate continuously while moving freely throughout
an area greater than that covered by a single access point. Before using the roaming function, the workstation
must make sure that it is the same channel number with the access point of dedicated coverage area.
To achieve true seamless connectivity, the wireless LAN must incorporate a number of different functions. Each
node and access point, for example, must always acknowledge receipt of each message. Each node must
maintain contact with the wireless network even when not actually transmitting data. Achieving these functions
simultaneously requires a dynamic RF networking technology that links access points and nodes. In such a
system, the user’s end node undertakes a search for the best possible access to the system. First, it evaluates
such factors as signal strength and quality, as well as the message load currently being carried by each access
point and the distance of each access point to the wired backbone. Based on that information, the node next
selects the right access point and registers its address. Communications between end node and host computer
can then be transmitted up and down the backbone.
As the user moves on, the end node’s RF transmitter regularly checks the system to determine whether it is in
touch with the original access point or whether it should seek a new one. When a node no longer receives
acknowledgment from its original access point, it undertakes a new search. Upon finding a new access point, it
then re-registers, and the communication process continues.
Appendix A: Troubleshooting
Frequently Asked Questions
55
Wireless-N Business Notebook Adapter
What is ISM band?
The FCC and their counterparts outside of the U.S. have set aside bandwidth for unlicensed use in the ISM
(Industrial, Scientific and Medical) band. Spectrum in the vicinity of 2.4 GHz, in particular, is being made available
worldwide. This presents a truly revolutionary opportunity to place convenient high-speed wireless capabilities in
the hands of users around the globe.
What is Spread Spectrum?
Spread Spectrum technology is a wideband radio frequency technique developed by the military for use in
reliable, secure, mission-critical communications systems. It is designed to trade off bandwidth efficiency for
reliability, integrity, and security. In other words, more bandwidth is consumed than in the case of narrowband
transmission, but the trade-off produces a signal that is, in effect, louder and thus easier to detect, provided that
the receiver knows the parameters of the spread-spectrum signal being broadcast. If a receiver is not tuned to
the right frequency, a spread-spectrum signal looks like background noise. There are two main alternatives,
Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum (DSSS) and Frequency Hopping Spread Spectrum (FHSS).
What is DSSS? What is FHSS? And what are their differences?
Frequency-Hopping Spread-Spectrum (FHSS) uses a narrowband carrier that changes frequency in a pattern that
is known to both transmitter and receiver. Properly synchronized, the net effect is to maintain a single logical
channel. To an unintended receiver, FHSS appears to be short-duration impulse noise. Direct-Sequence SpreadSpectrum (DSSS) generates a redundant bit pattern for each bit to be transmitted. This bit pattern is called a chip
(or chipping code). The longer the chip, the greater the probability that the original data can be recovered. Even if
one or more bits in the chip are damaged during transmission, statistical techniques embedded in the radio can
recover the original data without the need for retransmission. To an unintended receiver, DSSS appears as low
power wideband noise and is rejected (ignored) by most narrowband receivers.
What is WEP?
WEP is Wired Equivalent Privacy, a data privacy mechanism based on a shared key algorithm, as described in the
802.11 standard.
What is WPA?
WPA is Wi-Fi Protected Access, a wireless security protocol that can be used in conjunction with a RADIUS server.
What is RADIUS?
RADIUS is Remote Authentication Dial-In User Service, which uses an authentication server to control network
access.
Appendix A: Troubleshooting
Frequently Asked Questions
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Appendix B: Windows XP Wireless Zero Configuration
Windows XP Wireless Zero Configuration
If your computer is running Windows XP, then this choice will be available. If you want to use Windows XP
Wireless Zero Configuration to control the Adapter, instead of using the Wireless Network Monitor, then rightclick on the Wireless Network Monitor and select Use Windows XP Wireless Configuration.
If you want to switch back to the Wireless Network Monitor, right-click the Wireless Network Monitor icon, and
select Use Linksys Wireless Network Monitor.
1. After installing the Adapter, the Windows XP Wireless Zero Configuration icon will appear in your computer’s
system tray. Double-click the icon.
Figure B-1: Wireless Network Monitor Icon
Figure B-2: Windows XP - Use Windows XP
Wireless Configuration
NOTE: For more information about Wireless Zero Configuration, refer
to Windows Help.
Appendix B:
Windows XP Wireless Zero Configuration
Figure B-3: Windows XP Wireless Zero Configuration Icon
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2. The screen that appears will show any available wireless network. Select the network you want. Click the
Connect button.
If your network does not have wireless security enabled, go to step 3.
If your network does have wireless security enabled, go to step 4.
NOTE: Steps 2 and 3 are the instructions and
screenshots for Windows XP with Service Pack 2
installed.
Figure B-4: Available Wireless Network
3. If your network does not have wireless security enabled, click the Connect Anyway button to connect the
Adapter to your network.
Appendix B:
Windows XP Wireless Zero Configuration
Figure B-5: No Wireless Security
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4. If your network uses wireless security WEP, enter the WEP Key used into the Network Key and Confirm
network key fields. If your network uses wireless security WPA Personal, enter the Passphrase used into
the Network Key and Confirm network key fields. Click the Connect button.
5. Your wireless network will appear as Connected when your connection is active.
Figure B-6: Network Connection - Wireless Security
NOTE: Windows XP Wireless Zero Configuration does
not support the use of a passphrase. Enter the exact
WEP key used by your access point.
For more information about wireless networking on a Windows XP computer, click the Start button, select Help,
and choose Support. Enter the keyword wireless in the field provided, and press the Enter key.
The installation of the Windows XP Wireless Configuration is complete.
Appendix B:
Windows XP Wireless Zero Configuration
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Wireless-N Business Notebook Adapter
Appendix C: Wireless-N Interoperability
There may be communication problems between some Linksys draft 802.11n (Wireless-N) products and Linksys
Business Series draft 802.11n (Wireless-N) products.
If your network is experiencing these problems, follow these instructions.
1. Click the Start button, select Control Panel, then click System .
2. Select the Hardware Tab. Then click the Device Manager button and the Device Manager screen will
appear.
3. Double-click Network adapters. Then double-click Marvell 802.11n device and a properties screen will
appear.
4. Select the Advanced Tab. Then select MSDU Aggregation from the Property list. Select Disabled from the
Value drop-down menu. Click the OK button.
Note: Disabling MSDU Aggregation may cause poor throughput performance.
Appendix C: Wireless-N Interoperability
Figure C-1: Advanced Tab
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Appendix D: Wireless Security
Linksys wants to make wireless networking as safe and easy for you as possible. The current generation of
Linksys products provide several network security features, but they require specific action on your part for
implementation. So, keep the following in mind whenever you are setting up or using your wireless network.
Security Precautions
The following is a complete list of security precautions to take (at least steps 1 through 5 should be followed):
1. Change the default SSID.
2. Disable SSID Broadcast.
3. Change the default password for the Administrator account.
4. Enable MAC Address Filtering.
5. Change the SSID periodically.
6. Use the highest encryption algorithm possible. Use WPA/WPA2 if it is available. Please note that this may
reduce your network performance.
7. Change the WEP encryption keys periodically.
Security Threats Facing Wireless Networks
Wireless networks are easy to find. Hackers know that in order to join a wireless network, wireless networking
products first listen for “beacon messages”. These messages can be easily decrypted and contain much of the
network’s information, such as the network’s SSID (Service Set Identifier). Here are the steps you can take:
Change the administrator’s password regularly. With every wireless networking device you use, keep in mind
that network settings (SSID, WEP keys, etc.) are stored in its firmware. Your network administrator is the only
person who can change network settings. If a hacker gets a hold of the administrator’s password, he, too, can
change those settings. So, make it harder for a hacker to get that information. Change the administrator’s
password regularly.
SSID. There are several things to keep in mind about the SSID:
Appendix D: Wireless Security
Security Precautions
Note: Some of these security features are
available only through the network router or
access point. Refer to the router or access
point’s documentation for more information.
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1. Disable Broadcast
2. Make it unique
3. Change it often
Most wireless networking devices will give you the option of broadcasting the SSID. While this option may be
more convenient, it allows anyone to log into your wireless network. This includes hackers. So, don’t broadcast
the SSID.
Wireless networking products come with a default SSID set by the factory. (The Linksys default SSID is “linksys”.)
Hackers know these defaults and can check these against your network. Change your SSID to something unique
and not something related to your company or the networking products you use.
Change your SSID regularly so that any hackers who have gained access to your wireless network will have to
start from the beginning in trying to break in.
MAC Addresses. Enable MAC Address filtering. MAC Address filtering will allow you to provide access to only
those wireless nodes with certain MAC Addresses. This makes it harder for a hacker to access your network with
a random MAC Address.
WEP Encryption. Wired Equivalent Privacy (WEP) is often looked upon as a cure-all for wireless security
concerns. This is overstating WEP’s ability. Again, this can only provide enough security to make a hacker’s job
more difficult.
There are several ways that WEP can be maximized:
1. Use the highest level of encryption possible
2. Use “Shared Key” authentication
3. Change your WEP key regularly
WPA. Wi-Fi Protected Access (WPA) is the newest and best available standard in Wi-Fi security. Three modes are
available: WPA-Personal, WPA Enterprise, and Radius. WPA-Personal gives you a choice of two encryption
methods: TKIP (Temporal Key Integrity Protocol), which utilizes a stronger encryption method and incorporates
Message Integrity Code (MIC) to provide protection against hackers, and AES (Advanced Encryption System),
which utilizes a symmetric 128-Bit block data encryption. WPA Enterprise offers two encryption methods, TKIP
and AES, with dynamic encryption keys. RADIUS (Remote Authentication Dial-In User Service) utilizes a RADIUS
server for authentication.
Appendix D: Wireless Security
Security Threats Facing Wireless Networks
Important: Always remember that each
device in your wireless network MUST use
the same encryption method and encryption
key or your wireless network will not function
properly.
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WPA-Personal. If you do not have a RADIUS server, Select the type of algorithm, TKIP or AES, and enter a
password in the Passphrase field of 8-63 characters.
WPA Enterprise. WPA used in coordination with a RADIUS server. (This should only be used when a RADIUS
server is connected to the Router or other device.) WPA Enterprise offers two encryption methods, TKIP and
AES, with dynamic encryption keys.
WPA2. WPA2 is a wireless security standard that defines stronger encryption, authentication and key
management than WPA.
RADIUS. WEP used in coordination with a RADIUS server. (This should only be used when a RADIUS server is
connected to the Router or other device.)
Implementing encryption may have a negative impact on your network’s performance, but if you are transmitting
sensitive data over your network, encryption should be used.
These security recommendations should help keep your mind at ease while you are enjoying the most flexible
and convenient technology Linksys has to offer.
Appendix D: Wireless Security
Security Threats Facing Wireless Networks
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Appendix E: Windows Help
All wireless products require Microsoft Windows. Windows is the most used operating system in the world and
comes with many features that help make networking easier. These features can be accessed through Windows
Help and are described in this appendix.
TCP/IP
Before a computer can communicate with an access point or wireless router, TCP/IP must be enabled. TCP/IP is a
set of instructions, or protocol, all PCs follow to communicate over a network. This is true for wireless networks
as well. Your PCs will not be able to utilize wireless networking without having TCP/IP enabled. Windows Help
provides complete instructions on enabling TCP/IP.
Shared Resources
If you wish to share printers, folder, or files over your network, Windows Help provides complete instructions on
utilizing shared resources.
Network Neighborhood/My Network Places
Other PCs on your network will appear under Network Neighborhood or My Network Places (depending upon the
version of Windows you're running). Windows Help provides complete instructions on adding PCs to your
network.
Appendix E: Windows Help
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Appendix F: Glossary
This glossary contains some basic networking terms you may come across when using this product. For more
advanced terms, see the complete Linksys glossary at http://www.linksys.com/glossary.
Access Point - A device that allows wireless-equipped computers and other devices to communicate with a
wired network. Also used to expand the range of a wireless network.
Ad-hoc - A group of wireless devices communicating directly with each other (peer-to-peer) without the use of
an access point.
AES (Advanced Encryption Standard) - A security method that uses symmetric 128-bit block data encryption.
Bandwidth - The transmission capacity of a given device or network.
Bit - A binary digit.
Boot - To start a device and cause it to start executing instructions.
Broadband - An always-on, fast Internet connection.
Browser - An application program that provides a way to look at and interact with all the information on the
World Wide Web.
Byte - A unit of data that is usually eight bits long
Cable Modem - A device that connects a computer to the cable television network, which in turn connects to the
Internet.
Daisy Chain - A method used to connect devices in a series, one after the other.
DDNS (Dynamic Domain Name System) - Allows the hosting of a website, FTP server, or e-mail server with a
fixed domain name (e.g., www.xyz.com) and a dynamic IP address.
Default Gateway - A device that forwards Internet traffic from your local area network.
DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) - A networking protocol that allows administrators to assign
temporary IP addresses to network computers by "leasing" an IP address to a user for a limited amount of time,
instead of assigning permanent IP addresses.
Appendix F: Glossary
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DMZ (Demilitarized Zone) - Removes the Router's firewall protection from one PC, allowing it to be "seen" from
the Internet.
DNS (Domain Name Server) - The IP address of your ISP's server, which translates the names of websites into IP
addresses.
Domain - A specific name for a network of computers.
DOS (Denial of Service) - A network security term which defines a type of attack designed to prevent legitimate
users from using wireless service by flooding with useless/malicious traffic.
Download - To receive a file transmitted over a network.
DSL (Digital Subscriber Line) - An always-on broadband connection over traditional phone lines.
Dynamic IP Address - A temporary IP address assigned by a DHCP server.
EAP (Extensible Authentication Protocol) - A general authentication protocol used to control network access.
Many specific authentication methods work within this framework.
Encryption - Encoding data transmitted in a network.
Ethernet - IEEE standard network protocol that specifies how data is placed on and retrieved from a common
transmission medium.
Firewall - A set of related programs located at a network gateway server that protects the resources of a
network from users from other networks.
Firmware - The programming code that runs a networking device.
FTP (File Transfer Protocol) - A protocol used to transfer files over a TCP/IP network.
Full Duplex - The ability of a networking device to receive and transmit data simultaneously.
Gateway - A device that interconnects networks with different, incompatible communications protocols.
Half Duplex - Data transmission that can occur in two directions over a single line, but only one direction at a
time.
HTTP (HyperText Transport Protocol) - The communications protocol used to connect to servers on the World
Wide Web.
Infrastructure - A wireless network that is bridged to a wired network via an access point.
Appendix F: Glossary
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Wireless-N Business Notebook Adapter
Intrusion attack - A type of internet attacks in which an attacker tries to gain or access the information
transimitted through the networks.
IP (Internet Protocol) - A protocol used to send data over a network.
IP Address - The address used to identify a computer or device on a network.
IPCONFIG - A Windows 2000 and XP utility that displays the IP address for a particular networking device.
IPSec (Internet Protocol Security) - A VPN protocol used to implement secure exchange of packets at the IP layer.
ISP (Internet Service Provider) - A company that provides access to the Internet.
LAN - The computers and networking products that make up your local network.
MAC (Media Access Control) Address - The unique address that a manufacturer assigns to each networking
device.
Mbps (MegaBits Per Second) - One million bits per second; a unit of measurement for data transmission.
NAT (Network Address Translation) - NAT technology translates IP addresses of a local area network to a different
IP address for the Internet.
Network - A series of computers or devices connected for the purpose of data sharing, storage, and/or
transmission between users.
Packet - A unit of data sent over a network.
Passphrase - Used much like a password, a passphrase simplifies the WEP encryption process by automatically
generating the WEP encryption keys for Linksys products.
Ping (Packet INternet Groper) - An Internet utility used to determine whether a particular IP address is online.
POP3 (Post Office Protocol 3) - A standard mail server commonly used on the Internet.
Port - The connection point on a computer or networking device used for plugging in cables or adapters.
Power over Ethernet (PoE) - A technology enabling an Ethernet network cable to deliver both data and power.
PPPoE (
Point to Point Protocol over Ethernet) - A type of broadband connection that provides authentication
(username and password) in addition to data transport.
Appendix F: Glossary
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PPTP (Point-to-Point Tunneling Protocol) - A VPN protocol that allows the Point to Point Protocol (PPP) to be
tunneled through an IP network. This protocol is also used as a type of broadband connection in Europe.
QoS (Quality of Service) - A mechanism which gives priorities to certain types of traffic to ensure the throughput;
for example, the streaming multimedia.
RADIUS (Remote Authentication Dial-In User Service) - A protocol that uses an authentication server to control
network access.
RJ-45 (Registered Jack-45) - An Ethernet connector that holds up to eight wires.
Roaming - The ability to take a wireless device from one access point's range to another without losing the
connection.
Router - A networking device that connects multiple networks together.
Server - Any computer whose function in a network is to provide user access to files, printing, communications,
and other services.
SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol) - The standard e-mail protocol on the Internet.
SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol) - A widely used network monitoring and control protocol.
SPI (Stateful Packet Inspection) Firewall - A technology that inspects incoming packets of information before
allowing them to enter the network.
SSID (Service Set IDentifier) -It consists of 32 alphanumeric characters to identify a group fo wireless network
devices uniquely.
Static IP Address - A fixed address assigned to a computer or device that is connected to a network.
Static Routing - Forwarding data in a network via a fixed path.
Subnet Mask - An address code that determines the size of the network.
Switch - 1. A data switch that connects computing devices to host computers, allowing a large number of
devices to share a limited number of ports. 2. A device for making, breaking, or changing the connections in an
electrical circuit.
TCP (Transmission Control Protocol) - A network protocol for transmitting data that requires acknowledgement
from the recipient of data sent.
Appendix F: Glossary
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TCP/IP (Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol) - A set of instructions PCs use to communicate over a
network.
Telnet - A user command and TCP/IP protocol used for accessing remote PCs.
TFTP (Trivial File Transfer Protocol) - A version of the TCP/IP FTP protocol that has no directory or password
capability.
Throughput - The amount of data moved successfully from one node to another in a given time period.
TKIP (Temporal Key Integrity Protocol) - a wireless encryption protocol that provides dynamic encryption keys for
each packet transmitted.
Topology - The physical layout of a network.
TX Rate - Transmission Rate.
Upgrade - To replace existing software or firmware with a newer version.
Upload - To transmit a file over a network.
URL (Uniform Resource Locator) - The address of a file located on the Internet.
VPN (Virtual Private Network) - A security measure to protect data as it leaves one network and goes to another
over the Internet.
WAN (Wide Area Network)- The Internet.
WEP (Wired Equivalent Privacy) - A method of encrypting network data transmitted on a wireless network for
greater security.
WLAN (Wireless Local Area Network) - A group of computers and associated devices that communicate with
each other wirelessly.
WPA (Wi-Fi Protected Access) - a wireless security protocol using TKIP (Temporal Key Integrity Protocol)
encryption, which can be used in conjunction with a RADIUS server.
Appendix F: Glossary
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Wireless-N Business Notebook Adapter
Appendix G: Specifications
Standards Draft IEEE802.11n, IEEE802.11g, IEEE802.11b, 802.1x (Security
Authentication), (802.1i)
Channels 802.11b/802.11g/Wireless-N (20MHz/40MHz)
11 Channels (USA, Canada)
13 Channels (Europe)
LEDs Power, Link/Act
Protocols 802.11b: DSSS: CCK, QPSK, BPSK
802.11g: OFDM
Wireless-N: OFDM
Transmitted Power 802.11b: 17 dBm@1TX; 20 dBm@2TX
802.11g: 13 dBm@1TX; 16 dBm@2TX
Wireless-N: 13 dBm@1TX/Span 20; 16 dBm@2TX/Span 20
Wireless-N: 13 dBm@1TX/Span 40; 16 dBm@2TX/Span 40
Tolerance: +/- 1.5dB
Receive Sensitivity -86dBm @ 802.11b, 11Mbps, PER <= 8%
-75dBm @ 802.11g, 54Mbps, PER <= 10%
-88dBm @ Wireless-N 6.5Mbps, PER <= 10%
-70dBm @ Wireless-N 65Mbps, PER <= 10%
-69dBm @ Wireless-N 135Mbps, PER <= 10%
Power Consumption TX: <600mA @ 2TX (Maximum)
RX: <550mA @ 3RX (Maximum)
Security Features WEP, WPA-Personal, WPA-Enterprise, WPA2-Personal, WPA2-
Enterprise, Security Monitor with New AP and New Client Detection
Appendix G: Specifications
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Dimensions 4.88" x 0.53" x 2.13" (124 mm x 13.5 mm x 54 mm)
Unit Weight 1.76 oz (0.05 kg)
Certifications FCC, WHQL
Operating Temp. 32ºF to 140ºF (0ºC to 60ºC)
Storage Temp. -4ºF to 176ºF (-20ºC to 80ºC)
Operating Humidity 10 to 80%, Non-Condensing
Storage Humidity 5 to 90%, Non-Condensing
Appendix G: Specifications
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Wireless-N Business Notebook Adapter
Appendix H: Warranty Information
LIMITED WARRANTY
Linksys warrants to You that, for a period of three years (the “Warranty Period”), your Linksys Product will be substantially
free of defects in materials and workmanship under normal use. Your exclusive remedy and Linksys' entire liability under
this warranty will be for Linksys at its option to repair or replace the Product or refund Your purchase price less any
rebates. This limited warranty extends only to the original purchaser.
If the Product proves defective during the Warranty Period call Linksys Technical Support in order to obtain a Return
Authorization Number, if applicable. BE SURE TO HAVE YOUR PROOF OF PURCHASE ON HAND WHEN CALLING. If You are
requested to return the Product, mark the Return Authorization Number clearly on the outside of the package and include a
copy of your original proof of purchase. RETURN REQUESTS CANNOT BE PROCESSED WITHOUT PROOF OF PURCHASE. You
are responsible for shipping defective Products to Linksys. Linksys pays for UPS Ground shipping from Linksys back to You
only. Customers located outside of the United States of America and Canada are responsible for all shipping and handling
charges.
ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES AND CONDITIONS OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE LIMITED
TO THE DURATION OF THE WARRANTY PERIOD. ALL OTHER EXPRESS OR IMPLIED CONDITIONS, REPRESENTATIONS AND
WARRANTIES, INCLUDING ANY IMPLIED WARRANTY OF NON-INFRINGEMENT, ARE DISCLAIMED. Some jurisdictions do not
allow limitations on how long an implied warranty lasts, so the above limitation may not apply to You. This warranty gives
You specific legal rights, and You may also have other rights which vary by jurisdiction.
This warranty does not apply if the Product (a) has been altered, except by Linksys, (b) has not been installed, operated,
repaired, or maintained in accordance with instructions supplied by Linksys, or (c) has been subjected to abnormal
physical or electrical stress, misuse, negligence, or accident. In addition, due to the continual development of new
techniques for intruding upon and attacking networks, Linksys does not warrant that the Product will be free of
vulnerability to intrusion or attack.
TO THE EXTENT NOT PROHIBITED BY LAW, IN NO EVENT WILL LINKSYS BE LIABLE FOR ANY LOST DATA, REVENUE OR PROFIT,
OR FOR SPECIAL, INDIRECT, CONSEQUENTIAL, INCIDENTAL OR PUNITIVE DAMAGES, REGARDLESS OF THE THEORY OF
LIABILITY (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE), ARISING OUT OF OR RELATED TO THE USE OF OR INABILITY TO USE THE PRODUCT
(INCLUDING ANY SOFTWARE), EVEN IF LINKSYS HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES. IN NO EVENT
WILL LINKSYS’ LIABILITY EXCEED THE AMOUNT PAID BY YOU FOR THE PRODUCT. The foregoing limitations will apply even
if any warranty or remedy provided under this Agreement fails of its essential purpose. Some jurisdictions do not allow the
exclusion or limitation of incidental or consequential damages, so the above limitation or exclusion may not apply to You.
Please direct all inquiries to: Linksys, P.O. Box 18558, Irvine, CA 92623.
Appendix H: Warranty Information
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Wireless-N Business Notebook Adapter
Appendix I: Regulatory Information
FCC Statement
This product has been tested and complies with the specifications for a Class B digital device, pursuant to Part 15 of the
FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference in a residential
installation. This equipment generates, uses, and can radiate radio frequency energy and, if not installed and used
according to the instructions, may cause harmful interference to radio communications. However, there is no guarantee
that interference will not occur in a particular installation. If this equipment does cause harmful interference to radio or
television reception, which is found by turning the equipment off and on, the user is encouraged to try to correct the
interference by one or more of the following measures:
• Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna
• Increase the separation between the equipment or devices
• Connect the equipment to an outlet other than the receiver's
• Consult a dealer or an experienced radio/TV technician for assistance
FCC Radiation Exposure Statement
This equipment complies with FCC radiation exposure limits set forth for an uncontrolled environment. This equipment
should be installed and operated with minimum distance 20cm between the radiator and your body.
Safety Notices
Caution: To reduce the risk of fire, use only No.26 AWG or larger telecommunication line cord.
Do not use this product near water, for example, in a wet basement or near a swimming pool.
Avoid using this product during an electrical storm. There may be a remote risk of electric shock from lightning.
Industry Canada (Canada)
This device complies with Canadian ICES-003 and RSS210 rules.
Cet appareil est conforme aux normes NMB-003 et RSS210 d'Industrie Canada.
Appendix I: Regulatory Information
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Wireless-N Business Notebook Adapter
User Information for Consumer Products Covered by EU Directive 2002/96/EC on Waste Electric and Electronic
Equipment (WEEE)
This document contains important information for users with regards to the proper disposal and recycling of Linksys
products. Consumers are required to comply with this notice for all electronic products bearing the following symbol:
Appendix I: Regulatory Information
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Wireless-N Business Notebook Adapter
Appendix I: Regulatory Information
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Appendix I: Regulatory Information
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Appendix I: Regulatory Information
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Wireless-N Business Notebook Adapter
For more information, visit www.linksys.com.
Appendix I: Regulatory Information
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Wireless-N Business Notebook Adapter
Appendix J: Contact Information
Need to contact Linksys?
Visit us online for information on the latest products and updates
to your existing products at: http://www.linksys.com or
ftp.linksys.com
Can't find information about a product you want to buy
on the web? Do you want to know more about networking
with Linksys products? Give our advice line a call at: 800-546-5797 (LINKSYS)
Or fax your request in to: 949-823-3002
If you experience problems with any Linksys product,
you can call us at: 800-326-7114
Don't wish to call? You can e-mail us at: support@linksys.com
If any Linksys product proves defective during its warranty period,
you can call the Linksys Return Merchandise Authorization
department for obtaining a Return Authorization Number at: 949-823-3000
(Details on Warranty and RMA issues can be found in the Warranty
Information section in this Guide.)
Appendix J: Contact Information
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