LinkaNet Labs LNL001 Users Manual

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FIRELINK 2000

2.4 GHz and 2.3 GHz

SPREAD SPECTRUM RADIOS

INSTALLATION AND OPERATION

MANUAL

LinkaNet Labs, INC.

3000 Northwoods Parkway, Bldg. 330

Norcross, GA 30071

iii

Link anet Labs, Inc. 3000 Northwoods Parkway, Buil ding 330 Norcross, Georgia 30071 USA

Telephone +1 770 368 2663 Facsimile +1 770 417 3590 Technical Su pport +1 770 368 2663 x296 Technical Support Facsimile +1 770 417 3590 Technical Support E-mail intl-support@linkanet.com World Wide Web www.linkanet.com

Important Notice

The AC powered version of this product is wired for chassis grounding and its respective AC power cord is supplied with a three-prong grounding plug. Please verify that the outl et you in tend to use is also properly installed and grounded. LNL will not honor warran ty claims resu lting from alteration of the equipment or improper instal lation using a non-grounded outlet. Before acquiring and installing this equipment, users should ensure th at it is permissible for operation in the assigned frequency band and power settings. The user should also verify that the radio has been certified for use by th e appropriate local telecommunications administrations. LNL recommends that all tower and antenna installations be performed by trained and insured technicians.

Augu st 2000 YOMN4850-001 Rev A

This document is proprietary information and is the property of Linkanet Labs, Inc. FIRELINK is a registered trademark of Linkanet Labs, Inc. All other trademarks are the property of their respective owners. Copyright 1999, Linkanet Labs, Inc. All rights reserved. This document may not be copied, in whole or in part, by any means, without express written permission, except by authorized customers of Linkanet Labs, Inc.

The information contained in this manual is subject to change without notice.

Warnings

Operator and maintenance personnel should be familiar with the safety requirements before attempting installation or operation of the equipment covered by this manual. Failure to follow the requirements and observe safety precautions could result in death or injury to personnel or damage to the equipment.

Observe all safety regulations. Dangerously high voltages are present within this equipment when in operation. Lethal line voltages may be present unless the main line power has been disconnected.

Keep away from live circuits. Whenever feasible in verifying circuits, check by continuity and resistance methods with all power off, rather than directly checking voltages.

Observe grounding precautions. Verify that the unit under test or being installed and all measurement equipment are properly grounded.

Do not test alone. Testing or adjusting the equipment should only be carried out in the presence of a person qualified to render aid.

When lifting the wireless terminal, use proper lifting techniques to prevent injury.

Equipment Precautions

Never operate the termination can be a 50Ω antenna or a 50Ω resistive load capable of absorbing the full RF output of the RF

Unit power amplifier.

FIRELINK 2000

radio without connecting a 50Ω termination to the antenna port. This

Failure to properly terminate the RF output may cause permanent damage to the radio.

Two (2) Year Limited Warranty

Linkanet Labs, Inc. ( components thereof, when paid for and properly installed, operated and maintained will be free of defects in materials and/or workmanship for two (2) years from the date of purchase. Any warranty hereunder is extended only to the original purchaser and is not transferable.

In the event of malfunction or other indication of failure attributable directly to faulty workmanship and/or material,

it shall deem necessary to restore the product or component to proper operating condition, provided the purchaser sends with the defective product proof of the date of purchase. Please note that

option, replace the defective product with a new or re-manufactured, functionally-equivalent product of equal value. The process for returning equipment to the factory for repair is described in Section 7. During the two years after date of purchase, all labor and materials will be provided without charge. There shall be no warranty for either parts or labor after expiration of two years from the date of purchase. The products must be returned postage/shipping prepaid. It is recommended that the products be insured when shipped. Products returned without proof of date of purchase or out of warranty products will be

repaired (at the option of cost of repair of returned products exceeds 40 percent of the replacement cost, the customer will be contacted for specific instructions and disposition.

The purchaser will be solely responsible for the failure of any from accident, abuse or misapplication of the product;

events under the terms of this warranty. This limited warranty is in lieu of all other express warranties, oral or written, which now or hereafter might otherwise arise with respect to this product. Any and all implied warranties of merchantability and fitness

LNL

) warrants to the original purchaser that each of its hardware products, and all

will, at its option, repair or replace the defective products or components, to whatever extent

LNL

may, at its

LNL

) and the customer will be charged for parts and labor. In the event that the

LNL

product or component thereof resulting

LNL

assumes no liability as a consequence of such

Section 1 Introduction 1-1

FIRELINK 2000 Installation and Operation Manual

YOMN 4850-001 Rev A

for a particular use shall have no greater duration than the period for the express written warranty applicable to this product as shown above, and shall terminate automatically at the expiration of such period. No action shall be brought for breach of any implied or express warranty after twelve months subsequent to the expiration of the period of the express written warranty.

In no event shall limited to damages for loss of use of property, damage to equipment, downtime cost, cost of capital, economic loss, loss of good will, loss of profits or revenues caused by malfunction, defect or otherwise, and

with respect to breach of any express or implied warranty, are not the responsibility of extent permitted by law are hereby excluded both for property and for personal injury damage. Please be aware that laws vary, and some of the provisions of this warranty may not be appropriate to the laws of your jurisdiction.

LNL

be liable for any special, incidental or consequential damages, including, but not

LNL

, and to the

Regulatory Notices

Microwave Radios are subject to the regulations of the country in which they are used. The user should be aware of these policies and configure the

following sections provide comments on some specific regulatory issues.

For use in the USA

There is a specific version of the radio for use in the USA. This radio must be professionally installed in compliance with FCC part 15 regulations. These regulations permit the use of a directional antenna for point to point applications and require the maximum output power to be reduced from +30dBm by 1dB for every

3dB of antenna gain exceeding 6dBi. Therefore, the +24dBm when using an antenna gain of 24dBi and a 30’ minimum of LMR400 (or equivalent) cable. Section

5.0 of this manual outlines the procedures for setting the transmitter power level. It is the responsibility of the installer to ensure that the radio is installed and configured to comply with FCC part 15 regulations.

For use in Mexico

There is a specific version of the radio for use in Mexico. This radio has the RF channel selection limited to the range of 2.450 -2.4835 GHz.

FIRELINK 2000

radios to be compliant with them. The

output power setting must not exceed

For use in countries following ETSI regulations

The radio installation must comply with ETS 300-328 regulations. The maximum EIRP allowed under the

FIRELINK 2000

rule is +20dBm. In the ETSI configuration, the must use an antenna with a maximum gain of 23dBi and a minimum of 50m of LMR400 (or equivalent) cable. Section 5.0 of this manual outlines the procedures for setting the transmitter power level. This product must be installed by trained personnel. It is the responsibility of the installer to make sure that the radio is installed and configured to comply with the ETSI regulations.

output power is limited and the radio

For use in France

There is a specific version of the radio for use in France. This radio complies with ETSI standards and operates on an RF channel plan restricted to 2.446 -2.4835 GHz.

2.3 GHz Radios

There is a version of the only be used in countries where this band is approved for Spread Spectrum radio use. This radio has the RF channel selection range of 2.300 -2.400 GHz.

1-2 Section 1 Introduction

FIRELINK 2000

radio which operates in the 2.3 GHz band. These radios can

FIRELINK 2000 Installation and Operation Manual

YOMN 4850-001 Rev A

Preface

This manual describes how to install, configure and use the Spread Spectrum radios in a typical environment. It also includes information about general system planning, with emphasis on antenna selection and path analysis.

FIRELINK 2000

family of

This manual is intended for individuals who will install, configure and operate

2000

Spread Spectrum microwave radios. It is assumed that the individual has a working

FIRELINK

knowledge of the concepts underlying telecommunications systems, as well as experience with radio equipment. Please contact

LNL

or your local distributor for any technical

questions you may have regarding antennas, path analysis and installation.

READ THIS DOCUMENT!

It is extremely important that you read this document before attempting to install and conf igure the

FIRELINK 2000

operation of the equipment, you must f ollow t he instructions pr ovided in this document exactly.

radio. This equipment contains many configuration options. For proper

Section 1 Introduction 1-3

FIRELINK 2000 Installation and Operation Manual

YOMN 4850-001 Rev A

Table of Contents

1. INTRODUCTION....................................................................................................1-7

1.1 P

1.2 F

RODUCT OVERVIEW EATURES

............................................................................................................1-7

...........................................................................................1-7

1.2.1 FIRELINK 2000 Features............................................................................1-8

1.3 A

1.4 F

PPLICATIONS

RONT PANELS

......................................................................................................1-9

...................................................................................................1-10

1.4.1 Non-I/O Panel ............................................................................................1-10

1.4.2 I/O Panel.....................................................................................................1-11

2. PRODUCT DESCRIPTION ...................................................................................2-1

2.1 T

ECHNICAL OVERVIEW

2.2 RF C

2.3 I/O P

HANNEL PLAN ANEL DESCRIPTION

.........................................................................................2-1

..............................................................................................2-4

......................................................................................2-5

2.3.1 I/O Panel Connectors...................................................................................2-5

2.3.2 I/O Panel Indicators......................................................................................2-7

2.3.3 I/O Panel Switches .......................................................................................2-8

2.4 NON-I/O P

...................................................................................................2-8

ANEL

2.4.1 Non-I/O Panel Indicators .............................................................................2-9

2.4.2 Non-I/O Panel Switches ...............................................................................2-9

3. SPECIFICATIONS ..............................................................................................3-1

3.1 R

3.2 U

3.3 D

3.4 C

3.5 ADMIN P

3.6 P

3.7 E

3.8 M

..................................................................................................................3-1

ADIO SER DATA INTERFACE IAGNOSTICS ONNECTORS

OWER NVIRONMENTAL

ECHANICAL

.......................................................................................................3-6

.....................................................................................................3-6

ORT

.................................................................................................................3-7

.......................................................................................................3-7

........................................................................................3-4

.................................................................................................3-7

4. SYSTEM PLANNING..........................................................................................4-1

4.1 I

4.2 A

NTRODUCTION

PPLICATION EXAMPLES

.....................................................................................................4-1

......................................................................................4-2

4.2.1 Point-to-Point Voice and Data Application..................................................4-2

4.2.2 Point-to-Point Repeater Application............................................................4-4

4.2.3 Hub Application...........................................................................................4-7

4.3 A

NTENNA SELECTION

.........................................................................................4-10

4.3.1 Parabolic, High Gain Antenna....................................................................4-10

4.4 RF C

4.5 P

ATH ANALYSIS

ABLE SELECTION

........................................................................................4-10

.................................................................................................4-11

4.5.1 LOS Verification.........................................................................................4-11

4.5.2 Determining the Fade Margin.....................................................................4-14

4.5.3 Fading Outages and Availability.................................................................4-17

4.5.4 Path Analysis Spread Sheets.......................................................................4-17

1-4 Section 1 Introduction

FIRELINK 2000 Installation and Operation Manual

YOMN 4850-001 Rev A

4.6 B

URST SYNC CONFIGURATION PLANNING

..........................................................4-21

4.6.1 Burst Sync Operation with other Radios....................................................4-22

4.7 C

ONFIGURATION SETTING PLANNING

.................................................................4-23

4.7.1 Transmit Power Selection...........................................................................4-23

4.7.2 RF Channel Selection.................................................................................4-23

4.7.3 PN Sequence Selection...............................................................................4-32

4.7.4 Data Rate Selection....................................................................................4-33

4.7.5 DTE Interface Type Selection....................................................................4-33

4.7.6 System Timing Selection.............................................................................4-34

4.7.7 Radio Burst Coordination Parameters........................................................4-37

5. INSTALLATION AND SETUP..............................................................................5-1

5.1 S

5.2 T

5.3 C

YSTEM SETUP

ERMINAL CONNECTIO NS FOR UNIT SETUP

ONFIGURATION SETTINGS

.....................................................................................................5-1

..........................................................5-2

..................................................................................5-6

5.3.1 Radio Main Menu.........................................................................................5-6

5.3.2 Configuration Menu .....................................................................................5-8

5.3.3 Burst Sync Configuration Menu.................................................................5-12

5.3.4 Power Alarm Configuration Menu.............................................................5-14

5.3.5 Radio Alarms..............................................................................................5-17

5.3.6 Radio Status Screen....................................................................................5-21

5.3.7 Radio Diagnostics Screen...........................................................................5-23

5.4 C

ONFIGURING THE SYSTEM THROUGH THE

LCD.................................................5-25

5.4.1 LCD Menu Navigation & Operation..........................................................5-25

5.4.2 Login, Password Definition, and LCD Contrast Adjust examples.............5-31

5.5 PRE-I

NSTALLATION RADIO TEST

........................................................................5-41

5.5.1 Visual Inspection........................................................................................5-41

5.5.2 Test.............................................................................................................5-42

5.6 U

SER DATA CABLING CONSIDERATIONS

.............................................................5-42

5.6.1 FIRELINK 2000 to DTE Cables................................................................5-43

5.6.2 FIRELINK 2000 to DCE Cross-over Cables.............................................5-48

5.7 RF C

ABLE AND ANTENNA INSTALLATION

..........................................................5-51

5.7.1 Antenna Installation ...................................................................................5-52

5.7.2 RF Cables And Connectors........................................................................5-53

5.7.3 RF Connectors............................................................................................5-54

5.8 B

5.9 C

5.10 C

5.11 C

5.12 S

5.13 A

URST SYNC CABLING ONNECTING POWER ONNECTING GROUND ONNECTING THE ALARM CONTACT CLOSURES

YSTEM START UP

NTENNA ALIGNMENT

.......................................................................................5-55

.........................................................................................5-55

.......................................................................................5-56

.................................................5-57

..............................................................................................5-58

........................................................................................5-58

5.13.1 If the Signal Is Too Strong..........................................................................5-59

5.13.2 Confusing the Main Lobe with the Side Lobes..........................................5-59

6. TROUBLESHOOTING..........................................................................................6-1

6.1 S

TATUS INDIC ATORS AND ALARMS

.......................................................................6-1

6.1.1 Status Indicators...........................................................................................6-1

Section 1 Introduction 1-5

FIRELINK 2000 Installation and Operation Manual

YOMN 4850-001 Rev A

6.1.2 Major Alarms................................................................................................6-3

6.1.3 Minor Alarms................................................................................................6-3

6.2 O

PERATIONAL PROBLEMS

....................................................................................6-3

6.2.1 Power LED is OFF.......................................................................................6-4

6.2.2 SYNC LED is OFF, and was never ON before............................................6-4

6.2.3 SYNC light is OFF, but was ON before........................................................6-4

6.2.4 SYNC light is ON, but no data is being transferred......................................6-5

6.2.5 Link functions but has bit errors...................................................................6-5

6.3 D

IAGNOSTIC AIDS

................................................................................................6-6

6.3.1 Loopbacks ....................................................................................................6-6

6.4 M

AINTENANCE

.....................................................................................................6-6

6.4.1 Replacing the AC power fuses.....................................................................6-6

7. EQUIPMENT RETURN.........................................................................................7-1

7.1 C

7.2 E

7.3 E

USTOMER SERVICE QUIPMENT RETURN PROCESS QUIPMENT/MATERIAL RETURN FORM

7.4 LNL W

EB SITE

.............................................................................................7-1

.............................................................................7-1

................................................................7-2

....................................................................................................7-3

APPENDIX A.....................................................................................................................1

ITE GROUNDING PRACTICES

............................................................................................1

APPENDIX B.....................................................................................................................1

FIRELINK 2000 24-64/23-64 C

ONFIGURATION WORKSHEET

FIRELINK 2000 24-128/23-128 C FIRELINK 2000 24-256/23-256 C FIRELINK 2000 24-384/23-384 C FIRELINK 2000 24-512/23-512 C FIRELINK 2000 P

ATH ANALYSIS WORKSHEET

ONFIGURATION WORKSHEET ONFIGURATION WORKSHEET ONFIGURATION WORKSHEET ONFIGURATION WORKSHEET

...............................................................7

.........................................1

.....................................3

.....................................4

.....................................5

.....................................6

1-6 Section 1 Introduction

FIRELINK 2000 Installation and Operation Manual

1. Introduction

YOMN 4850-001 Rev A

This section provides an overview of the

FIRELINK 2000

family of Spread Spectrum

radios, including:

a list of features

•

sample applications

•

descriptions of the front and rear panel

•

1.1

Product Overview

FIRELINK 2000

The connectivity. The

radio provides a robust wireless solution for voice and sub-rate data

FIRELINK 2000

radio takes advantage of Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum (DSSS) modulation techniques to achieve high quality signal transmission over distances up to 100km.

FIRELINK 2000

models are available for operation in two RF bands. The “24-” models operate in the 2.4 GHz (2.400 - 2.4835) Industrial Scientific and Medical(ISM) band. The “23-” models operate in the 2.3 GHz (2.300 - 2.400) microwave band. The

2000

radio versions are as follows:

24-64 or 23-64 (PRAD4850)

•

64 kbps radio (supports 64/56/19.2/9.6/4.8/2.4/1.2 kbps

FIRELINK

synchronous and up to 19.2kbps asynchronous data rates).

24-128 or 23-128 (PRAD4851)

•

128 kbps radio (supports 128/112 kbps synchronous

and up to 56kbps asynchronous data rates).

24-256 or 23-256 (PRAD4852)

•

256 kbps radio (supports 256/224 kbps synchronous

and up to 115.2kbps asynchronous data rates).

24-384 or 23-384 (PRAD4853)

•

384 kbps radio (supports 384/336 kbps synchronous

and asynchronous data rates of at least 115.2kbps).

24-512 or 23-512 (PRAD4854)

•

512 kbps radio (supports 512 kbps synchronous

and asynchronous data rates of at least 115.2kbps).

Higher speed asynchronous data can be supported using an external Sync to Async converter.

1.2

Features

The key features of the

FI RE LINK 2000

radios are described in the following sections.

Section 1 Introduction 1-7

FIRELINK 2000 Installation and Operation Manual

YOMN 4850-001 Rev A

1.2.1 FIRELINK 2000 Features

Minimum inventory - the standard radio includes:

•

– All DTE interface types (V.35, V35/V.11, RS-232, RS-422, EIA 530, X.21) – Front and Rear Access

AC, -48 VDC, and +24 VDC input power

−

Front and Rear Access Shelf

•

Same radio can mount with front or rear access

−

Field selection of mounting

−

Minimize inventory if both needed

−

Size compatible with ETSI rack

−

Wall or rack mount options

−

LCD display and keypad option eliminating the need for a terminal

−

Remote Administration

•

Serial Admin interface for set up and loopbacks

−

– Remote access via telephone line modems – Remotely monitor far end alarms, status, etc. – Remotely activate radio loopback

All data rate radios can operate from the same hub

•

Data rates of each radio can be easily upgraded in the field

•

TDD Range limit 100 km

•

Operates in the 2.4 or 2.3 GHz band

•

Advanced diagnostic tools

•

– Built in BERT tester – RSSI readings displayed in dBm on terminal screen – Spectrum analyzer feature to scan for clear channels

Extensive Alarm Indicators

•

– Receiver Sync – Bit Error Indicator – Transmit and Receive Data – Loopback active

1-8 Section 1 Introduction

FIRELINK 2000 Installation and Operation Manual

YOMN 4850-001 Rev A

Alarm Relay Contact Closures

•

Alarms

−

Link Monitoring

−

8 Optimized spreading sequences

•

Compact one RU (4.5 cm/1.75 inch) high shelf

•

19-inch (48 cm) rack and table-top mounting

•

Far End loopback through V.54 or Admin interface

•

Supports point-to-point and hub network configurations

•

Supports repeater configurations for greater range or obstacle clearance

•

Protocol transparent to host

•

Full-duplex synchronous data ra tes of 64/56/ 19.2/9.6/4.8/ 2.4/1.2 kbps, 128/112 kbps,

•

256/224 kbps, 384/336 kbps and 448/512 kbps Signal intensity (RSSI) test points for ease in antenna alignment

•

Selectable internal burst sync termination

•

• Optional:

When connected to your DTE equipment, the

Directional Parabolic Antennas, cables and connectors.

FIRELINK 2000

family of Spread Spectrum radios transmit full-duplex synchronous or asynchronous data over a line-of-sight radio link. The asynchronous data rates are supported by over-sampling.

FIRELINK 2000

models simulate a DCE device by supporting all the necessary handshake signals required by the interface specifications. Higher speed asynchronous data can be supported using an external Sync to Async converter.

1.3 Applications

FIRELINK 2000

repeater applications. Examples of these network configurations are described in Section

4. Using directional antennas (parabolic antennas offer optimum performance and protection

against interference at a reasonable cost) where there is direct line-of-sight (LOS), the link distance can be greater than 50 km (30 mi.).

Spread Spectrum radios can be configured for point-to-point, hub or

FIRELINK 2000

The

radios are commonly used to connect routers or bridges for LAN-toLAN communications or for video teleconferencing applications. When connected to TDM multiplexers,

FIRELINK 2000

radios can support low-speed data, voice, and fax

traffic on the link.

Section 1 Introduction 1-9

FIRELINK 2000 Installation and Operation Manual

YOMN 4850-001 Rev A

1.4 Front Panels

FIRELINK 2000

The facing either toward the front or toward the back. In some countries, it is common to have central office equipment installed with the I/O connections facing the front while in other countries they face the rear. Customer premises installations almost always have I/O connections facing forward.

1.4.1 Non-I/O Panel

radios can be mounted with the Input/Output (I/O) connections

Figure 1–1 and 1.2 show the Non-I/O panel of the

FIRELINK 2000

radios with and

without the optional LCD interface.

Figu re 1–1. Non-I/O Panel - FI RELI NK2000 Spread Spectrum Radio

Figu re 1–2. Non-I/O Panel with LCD Option - F IRELINK2000 Spread Spectrum Radio

This panel has a 9-pin D-type connector for administration terminal I/O,

RSSI

(Receive Signal Strength Indicator) test points and LED indicators for alarms, status and bit error indications. An ACO (Alarm Cut Off) switch and indicator is provided to allow suppression of alarm indications.

When the optional LCD interface is installed, a 4 button keypad and LCD provides access to all configuration items witout requiring an external terminal. When not is use, it can be used to continuously display the local or far end radio RSSI in dBm.

1-10 Section 1 Introduction

1.4.2 I/O Panel

FIRELINK 2000 Installation and Operation Manual

YOMN 4850-001 Rev A

The I/O panel (see

Error! Reference source not found.

3 and 1.4) has duplicates of the

indicators, switches and administration port found on the non-I/O panel as well as the I/O

connectors.

Figu re 1–3. I/O Panel - FIRELI NK 2000 Spread Spectrum Radio

Figu re 1–4. I/O Panel with LCD Option - FIRELINK 2000 Spread Spectrum Radio

Taken from left to right:

The type

•

connector provides the radio connection to the antenna. A chassis

ground lug is also provided.

RSSI

The

•

test points provide an indication of the received signal strength and may be

used to align the antenna. A 4-pin DC connector is provided and can be connected to a primary and a redundant

•

DC source. This connection automatically detects positive and negative polarity. To the right of the DC connector are the LED indicators and ACO switch/indicator

•

similar to those found on the non-I/O panel. When the optional LCD interface is installed, a 4 button keypad and LCD provides

•

access to all configuration items without requiring an external terminal. When not is use, it can be used to continuously display the local or far end radio RSSI in dBm.

Next are the RJ48 administration port connectors and burst sync connections. The

•

burst sync connections are used for synchronization of transmission bursts (burst sync) between multiple co-located radios.

A 9-pin D-type connector provides alarm contact closures for alarms.

•

A 25-pin D-type connector and M34 (Winchester) connector follow and are used for

•

providing the data interfaces. The DB25 provides the RS-232, RS-422, and EIA 530

DTE

interface types and the M34 is used for V.35 and V/35/V.11

Last is a standard three-prong AC power connector/power switch and the AC power

•

DTE

interfaces.

fuses. Only one fuse is used unless the redundant power option is installed.

Section 1 Introduction 1-11

2. Product Description

This section provides information about the following:

Technical overview

•

RF channel plan

•

The I/O panel

•

The non-I/O panel

•

Alarms and indicators

•

2.1 Technical Overview

FIRELINK 2000

The radios which operate in the 2.4 GHz “ISM” band or the 2.3 GHz band. The five radios in each product family (64 kbps, 128 kbps, 256 kbps, 384 kbps and 512 kbps) operate in the same fashion and differ only in data rate except that the RS-232 user data interface is only supported for data rates up to112 kpbs.

consists of two families of Spread Spectrum Digital Microwave

FIRELINK 2000

The

radios use QPSK modulation and the Time Division Duplex (TDD) method of duplex operation. With the TDD method the radio switches between a transmit and receive mode at a very high speed. The duty cycle consists of 4.25 milliseconds of transmit followed by 4.25 milliseconds of receive. Data buffers are used to convert the data bursts to a continuous data stream at the user interface.

Figure 2–1 shows a block diagram for the user’s equipment such as a multiplexer, bridge or router connects to the

I NTERFACE PORT

USER INTERFACE CIRCUITS

. The

drivers and receivers and supports the interface control lead processing.

FIRELINK 2000

radio baseband circuits. The

USER

provides the interface line

FIRELINK 2000

has all of the listed interfaces built in as a standard feature. The RS-232 interface is limited to data rates of 112kbps because the RS-232 standard does not support the higher rates. The user can select which of the interface types is active via the configuration menu.

The data received from the interface is passed to a accommodate timing offsets. This memory buffer allows the more flexible in its timing configurations than other radios. In the

FIFO

buffer memory which is used to

FIRELINK 2000

MUX

circuit, the

radio to be

FIFO

output is combined with CRC-6 parity information and other overhead information.

Section 2 Product Description 2-1

FIRELINK 2000 Installation and Operation Manual

YOMN 4850-001 Rev A

RATE BUFFER & STATE MACHINE

The

converts the continuous data stream into bursts of data which will be transmitted to the far end of the link during the transmit portion of the TDD cycle. This circuit also includes the circuitry used to synchronize transmission bursts between multiple radios at a site. The

SPREA D & DE-SPREAD

circuit performs the QPSK modulation and spectrum spreading functions.

USER INTERFACE PORT

ENERGY CC

(+/- 21- 60 VCC)

ENERGY CA

(90 - 250 VCA)

µµµµ

USER INTERFACE CIRCUITS

- V.35/V.11

- OLD V. 35

- RS-232

- RS-422

- X.21

- EIA- 530

CA POWER SUPPLY

(OPTIONAL)

FRONT PANEL

CONTROL PROCESSOR

FIFO

CC POWER SUPPLY

MUX

DEMUX

µµµµ

TRANSMISSION BUFFER

STATE MACHINE

µµµµ

DISPERSION

CONTRACTION

Figu re 2–1. Baseband Circuitr y - FIRELINK Spread Spectrum Radio

2-2 Section 2 Product Description

FIRELINK 2000 Installation and Operation Manual

YOMN 4850-001 Rev A

µµµµ

BPF

GAIN

ADJUST

µµµµ

ΣΣΣΣ

LPF

÷÷÷÷

°°°°0°°°°

PLL PLL

BPF

LNA

Figu re 2–2. IF and RF Circuitry - F IRELINK 2000 Spread Spectrum Radio

Figure 2.2

shows the I and Q outputs of the mixing with the output of the first

FIRELINK 2000 IF

and RF circuits. Following the transmit path: the

SPREA D & DE-SPREAD

PLL

(phase locked loop). The I and Q IF signals are

circuit are converted to an IF signal by

combined and low pass filtered to remove the mixing images. The resulting IF signal passes to the

GAIN ADJUST

circuit which uses digitally controlled attenuators to allow the transmit power level to be set under software control. The resulting signal is translated to the final RF channel by mixing with the output of the second

PLL

is controlled by microprocessor so that the RF channel can be set under software

PLL

. The frequency of this

control. The signal is then filtered to remove mixing images and amplified to the final

LNA

TDD

switch

(low noise

output level in the power amplifier (PA). The output of the PA passes to the which switches the antenna connection between the PA output and the amplifier) input.

In the receive path the output of the converted to IF by mixing with the output of the second

LNA

is filtered to band limit the signal and then

PLL

. The output of the mixer is filtered to remove the mixing images and then split into two signals. Each signal is converted to the I or Q baseband signal by mixing with the output of the first

Section 2 Product Description 2-3

PLL

FIRELINK 2000 Installation and Operation Manual

YOMN 4850-001 Rev A

2.2 RF Channel Plan

FI RE LINK 2000

The

FI RE LINK 2000

bands are subdivided into channels for individual radio links. The channel bandwidth is proportional to the bit rate and ranges from 5 MHz for the 64 kbps radios to 40 MHz for the 512 kbps radios. Figure 2–3 shows a plot of the channels for the example of the 256S radios.

24-xxx series radios operate in the 2.400 to 2.4835 GHz band. The

23-xxx series radios operate in the 2.300 to 2.400 GHz band. These

Ch#1

2,411

2,400

MHz

Ch#2 2,421

Ch#3

2,431

Ch#4

2,441

Ch#5

2,451

Ch#6

2,461

Ch#7

2,471

2,483.5

MHz

Figure 2–3. RF Channel Diagram Example: 24-256S radio

Several specific versions of the

FIRELINK 2000

radio have been designed for sale in various countries which have regulations differing from the USA. As an example, Mexico and France have the RF channels limited to comply with the narrower spread spectrum bands available in these countries. The channel assignments for all radio versions are found in Section 4.7.2.

For system planning in Hub configurations the RF channels for each radio pair are normally selected so that they do not overlap with other links. The

FIRELINK 2000

channels plans and burst synchronization timing are compatible for all data rates from 64kbps to 512kbps. The RF channel plans for the use of the frequency band and are compatible with the channel plans of the

Skyplex SS

radios. This simplifies channel planning when

FIRELINK 2000

radios maximize the

Skyplex I

radios are

and

used at the same hub site with other products. Experienced users may be able to use overlapping channels by providing sufficient

isolation between the other channels in use. The PN sequence, antenna polarization, antenna directionality, and channel assignment are used to maximize the isolation for each installation.

2-4 Section 2 Product Description

FIRELINK 2000 Installation and Operation Manual

YOMN 4850-001 Rev A

2.3 I/O Panel Descri pti on

This section provides a detailed description of the items on the I/O panel shown in Figure 2–4.

Figu re 2–4. I/O Panel Diagram - 128S Radio

2.3.1 I/O Panel Connectors

The I/O panel has the following connectors as shown in Figure 2.4. The pinouts for all connectors are contained in Section 5.

Section 2 Product Description 2-5

FIRELINK 2000 Installation and Operation Manual

YOMN 4850-001 Rev A

Table 2-1. I/O Panel Connecto rs

Interface Connector Description

System Ground Stud

RF Interface

RSSI Test Poi nts

Burst Syn c

Alarm Relays

V.35/V.11

Screw type lug used for grounding of the unit for safety, li ghtni ng protectio n and RF.

Type N female connector supports both transmit and receive RF signal. Connected via RF cable to antenna.

These test points are used to measure a DC voltage which is proportional to the receive signal strength.

Two RJ48 connectors are used for connection of a burst synchronization signal be tween radios loca te d a t the same site. T he burst s y nchronization signal c au s es all radio transmit bursts to o cc ur at the sa me time. Additional information on burst sync configurations is c ontained in Section 4.

There are two Form A, normally open (N/O) alarm relay contacts provided in the I/O panel. Access to the contacts is provided via a 9-pin D connector . The activation of these relays is under software control. T he alarm state will cause the N/O contacts to close.

ACO switches are provided on the I/O panel and non-I/O panel to deactivate the alarm relays.

The user interface connector for applications using the V.35 or V.11 interfaces. The connector is the M34 Winchester. The pin-out is per the V.35 standard. This is a

DCE

type

interface.

RS232/RS422/EIA530

The 25-pin D user interface connector is used for applications using RS-232 (64 and 128 kbps radios only), RS-422 or EIA530 interfaces. Adapter cables are used to accommodate the pin-out for these different interfaces. This is a

DCE

type

interface.

ADMIN. In

This RJ48 connector is used for a direct RS-232 connection to an ASCII terminal for radio administration. This is a

DCE

type interface.

ADMIN. Out AC Power

This RJ 4 8 c o nnecto r is for futu re u s e . AC Power uses the IEC 320 standard male connector with

standard pin-out.

DC Power

A four-position terminal strip is used for DC power connections. The connector provides for redundant DC power input connections which are diode ORed in the radio.

2-6 Section 2 Product Description

FIRELINK 2000 Installation and Operation Manual

YOMN 4850-001 Rev A

2.3.2 I/O Panel Indicators

All of the indicators (see Table 2-2) are duplicated on both the I/O and non-I/O panels.

Table 2-2. I/O Panel Indicator s

Indicator Description

ACO

PWR SYN

MJR

MNR

ERR

TST TXD

RXD

This yellow LED indicates whether a current alarm has been cut off. If the AC O s witch is activa ted while an alarm is active, the ACO indicator is illuminated. This indicator remains illuminated until all alarms which were active when ACO was activated are cleared.

This green LED illuminates if the unit is powered on. This green LED illuminates when the receiver successfully

synchronizes with the received RF signal. This red LED illuminates when a major alarm is dete cte d. See

Section 6.1.1 This yellow LED illuminates when a minor alarm is d ete c ted .

See Section 6.1.1 This re d LED flas hes momentarily when CRC errors a re

detected in the receive bit stream. This yellow LED illuminates when any test mode is a c tive.

This yellow LED illuminates momentarily when a logical one is received at the DTE interface from the DTE unit.

This yellow LED illuminates momentarily when a logical one is sent from the DTE interface toward the DTE unit.

RTS

This yellow LED illuminates when a logical one is received at the DTE interface from the DTE unit. The radio assumes RTS is ass erted unless the interface is set to X.21 mode and the RF link is unavailab le.

CTS

This yellow LED illuminates when a logical one is s e nt from the DTE interface toward the DTE unit. This will always be asserted unless the interface is in X.21 mode and the RF link is unavailable .

LCD/Keypad Interfac e (optional)

The LCD and 4 button keypad provide access to all internal configuration parameters without the need for an external terminal interface. When not in use, the LCD can continuously display near or far end RSSI.

When in us e, the up/down key is used to s c roll the possible menu options, the enter key sele cts the current option displayed, and the cancel key exits the current menu.

Section 2 Product Description 2-7

FIRELINK 2000 Installation and Operation Manual

YOMN 4850-001 Rev A

2.3.3 I/O Panel Switches

Table 2-3. I/O Panel Switches

Switch Description

ACO

There are two momentary push button switches labeled One is on the I/O panel and the other is on the non-I/O panel. The alarm contact closures in the radio are often connected to alarm bells at the site which attract the user’s attention when an alarm occurs.

The the bell once the operator has been alerted. When the switch is activated while an alarm is active, the alarm contact relays will de-energize and the illuminated . If a new ala rm subse que ntly occurs , the alarm relays will clos e a gain. If an alarm clears and then re-occurs, it is treated as a new alarm. The illuminated until all alarms which were active when the was activated are cleared.

(Alarm Cu t-O ff) s witc h is u s e d to s i le nce o r c u t o ff

ACO

indicator will be

ACO

indicator remains

ACO

2.4 Non-I/O Panel

This section describes the connectors, indicators and switches for a non-I/O panel as shown in Figure 2–5.

ACO

Figure 2–5. Non-I/O Panel

2-8 Section 2 Product Description

FIRELINK 2000 Installation and Operation Manual

YOMN 4850-001 Rev A

The Non-I/O panel has two connectors, the

Table 2-4. Non-I/O Panel Connector

Connector Description

ADMIN. Port

RSSI Test Poi nts

This 25-pin D connector provides local connection for the RS232 terminal administration port. Connector pin-out is per the RS-232 standard. T his is a

These test points are used to measure a DC voltage which is proportional to the receive signal strength.

ADMIN

Port and RSSI test points.

type interface.

DCE

2.4 . 1 Non-I/ O Panel Indica tors

All of the indicators are duplicated on both the I/O panel and the non I/O panel. See Section 2.3.2 for a description of these indicators.

2.4.2 Non-I/O Panel Switches

Table 2-5. Non-I/O Panel Switch es

ACO

Switch Description

There are two momentary push button switches labeled ACO. One is o n the I/O panel, and the other is on the non-I/O panel.

The alarm contact closures in the radio are often connected to alarm bells at the site which attract the user’s attention when a n ala rm occurs. The A C O (A l a rm Cut -Off) switch is used to silence or cut off the bell once the operator has been alerted.

When the ACO switch is activated while an alarm is active, the alarm contac ts rela ys will de-energize and the ACO indicator is illuminate d. If a new alarm su bs e que ntly occurs , the alarm relays will close again. If an alarm clears and then re-occurs it is treated as a new alarm. The ACO indicator remains illuminated until all alarms which were active when the ACO was activated are cleared.

Section 2 Product Description 2-9

3. Specifications

This section provides specifications for the following:

Radio

•

User Data Interface

•

Diagnostics

•

Connectors

•

ADMIN Port

•

Power

•

Environmental

•

Mechanical

•

3.1 Radio

Output Power +28 dBm Peak Maximum, Adjustable Frequency Range “S” model: 2400 - 2483.5 MHz

“FCC” model: 2400 - 2483.5 MHz “2.3” model: 2300 - 2400 MHz ETSI model: 2400 - 2483.5 MHz Mexican model: 2450 - 2483.5 MHz

French model: 2446 - 2483.5 MHz Maximum Range 100 km (60 mi.) Channel Spacing Spacing Bandwidth 64 kbps 5 MHz 3.7 Mhz

128 kbps 10 MHz 5.3 Mhz 256 kbps 20 MHz 10.5 MHz 384 kbps 30 MHz 21.0 MHz

512 kbps 30 MHz 21.0 MHz Number of Channels: Standard Version:

64 kbps 16 non-overlapping

128 kbps 8 non-overlapping

256 kbps 7 overlapping, 4 non-overlapping

384 kbps 5 overlapping, 2 non-overlapping

512 kbps 5 overlapping, 2 non-overlapping

Section 3 Specifications 3-1

FIRELINK 2000 Installation and Operation Manual

YOMN 4850-001 Rev A

FCC Version:

64 kbps 15 non-overlapping

128 kbps 8 non-overlapping

256 kbps 7 overlapping, 4 non-overlapping

384 kbps 5 overlapping, 2 non-overlapping

512 kbps 5 overlapping, 2 non-overlapping

2.3 GHz Version:

64 kbps 19 non-overlapping

128 kbps 10 non-overlapping

256 kbps 9 overlapping, 5 non-overlapping

384 kbps 7 overlapping, 3 non-overlapping

512 kbps 7 overlapping, 3 non-overlapping ETSI Version:

64 kbps 16 non-overlapping

128 kbps 8 overlapping, 8 non-overlapping

256 kbps 7 overlapping, 4 non-overlapping

384 kbps 5 overlapping, 2 non-overlapping

512 kbps 5 overlapping, 2 non-overlapping Mexican Version:

64 kbps 6 non-overlapping

128 kbps 5 overlapping, 3 non-overlapping

256 kbps 5 overlapping, 2 non-overlapping

384 kbps 3 overlapping, 1 non-overlapping

512 kbps 3 overlapping, 1 non-overlapping French Version:

64 kbps 6 non-overlapping

128 kbps 5 overlapping, 3 non-overlapping

256 kbps 4 overlapping, 1 non-overlapping

384 kbps 2 overlapping, 1 non-overlapping

512 kbps 2 overlapping, 1 non-overlapping Modulation QPSK Spreading Method Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum Processing Gain >10 dB Code Length 15 bits Number of Stored Codes 8 Frequency Stability 10 ppm

3-2 Section 3 Specifications

FIRELINK 2000 Installation and Operation Manual

Clock Source Internal or DTE interface Max Receive Level 0 dBm (No Damage)

-30 dBm (No Errors)

Receive Sensitivity Threshold = 1x10

-6

64 kbps -95 dBm min, -98dBm typ

128 kbps -92 dBm min, -95dBm typ

256 kbps -89 dBm min, -92dBm typ

384 kbps -87 dBm min, -90dBm typ

512 kbps -87 dBm min, -90dBm typ

YOMN 4850-001 Rev A

Section 3 Specifications 3-3

FIRELINK 2000 Installation and Operation Manual

YOMN 4850-001 Rev A

3.2 User Data Interface

Interface Types & Connectors V.35, V.35/V.11: 34-pin Winchester (F)

RS-232 (up to 112kbps), RS-422 and

EIA-530: DB25 (F) Handshake Lead Processing DCE DTE Clock mode settings Clock Internal with Auto ST/TT clock

select: The radio will automatically select

the clock on the TT lead if one is present.

Clock Internal–ST: internal clocking with

the TT detection disabled.

Clock DTE: external timing

Clock Link: for receiving the timing

across the RF link. The radio will

automatically select the clock on the TT

lead if one is present.

Clock Link-ST: for receiving the timing

across the RF link with TT detection

disabled.

Clock Local: same as clock DTE except

the clock provided on TT is also used to

clock receive data to the DTE DTE Clock phase settings The ST clock can be set to normal phase

or inverted. Data Rates

64 kbps

Sync: 1.2, 2.4, 4.8, 9.6, 19.2, 56, 64 kbps

Async: up to 19.2 kbps

128 kbps

Sync: 128 or 112 kbps

Async: up to 56 kbps

256 kbps

Sync: 256 or 224 kbps

Async: up to 115.2kbps

384 kbps

Sync: 384 or 336 kbps

Async: at least 115.2kbps

512 kbps

Sync: 512 or 448 kbps

Async: at least 115.2kbps Transmission Delay

64 kbps 7.7 ms end to end 128 kbps 6.4 ms end to end 256 kbps 5.7 ms end to end

3-4 Section 3 Specifications

FIRELINK 2000 Installation and Operation Manual

384 kbps 7.4 ms end to end 512 kbps 5.8 ms end to end

YOMN 4850-001 Rev A

Section 3 Specifications 3-5

FIRELINK 2000 Installation and Operation Manual

YOMN 4850-001 Rev A

3.3 Diagnostics

Indicators LEDs for Power, Alarms, Sync, Error,

Test, TXD and RXD, RTS, CTS

Loopback Bi-directional local and far-end

loopbacks which may be initialted by terminal command or V.54 command.

Monitor/Control ADMIN Port allows local and remote

access to alarm summary. Menu-driven user interface.

Alarm Contact Closures Form A alarm contact closures for

alarm

Local and Far End RSSI From either end of the link, access the

current RSSI readings on both ends of the link.

Transmit test Constant transmit mode

3.4 Connectors

V.35, V.35/V.11: 34-pin Winchester, Female RS-232, RS-422 and EIA-530: DB25, Female RF Type N, 50 Ohm, Female Burst Sync RJ-48 ADMIN Port

I/O Panel

Non-I/O Panel Alarm Contact Closures DB-9, Female AC Power Standard three-prong, EIA-320 DC Power Four-position terminal block System Ground Screw type stud RSSI (Receive Signal Strength Indication) Test Points on both sides

RJ48 DB-9, Female

3.5 ADMIN Port

Interface RS-232, Asynchronous, DCE wired Port Speed 9.6 kbps

Data Format 8 bits, no parity, 1 stop bit Flow Control

User Interface ASCII Terminal menu interface

3-6 Section 3 Specifications

None

FIRELINK 2000 Installation and Operation Manual

3.6 Power

AC Voltage 90 - 260 VAC AC Frequency 47.5 to 66 Hz AC Fuse Type 2.0 Amp DC Voltage, -48 VDC -21 to -60 VDC DC Voltage, +24 VDC 21 to 60 VDC Power Consumption 15 Watts Maximum

3.7 Environmental

Operational Temperature 0 to +50o C

Storage -50 to +70 Humidity 0 to 95% Non-condensing

YOMN 4850-001 Rev A

Altitude, Operational 220 ft (67 meters) below to 13,000 ft (4600

meters) above mean sea level

3.8 Mechanical

Width 17.2 in (43.7 cm) Height 1.7 in (4.3 cm) Depth 9.7 in (24.6 cm) Weight Unit Shipping Mounting Configurations Can be mounted with I/O connections facing

Mounting Choices Table-top mount, optional mounting kits

7.8 pounds (3.5 kg) 11 pounds (5 kg)

toward the front or rear. Optional detachable rack or wall mount brackets.

available for 19-in (48 cm) rack or wall mounting.

Section 3 Specifications 3-7

4. System Pla nning

This section contains some general planning requirements and considerations for a quick and efficient installation of the includes:

Sample applications

•

Antenna selection

•

Path analysis

•

Configuration settings.

•

4.1 Introduction

Installation and effectiveness of a radio link varies and is dependent on the following:

Configuration settings

•

Height and distances between the antennas

•

Line-of-sight (LOS) clearance for the path

•

FIRELINK 2000

family of Spread Spectrum radios. It

RF cable losses

•

The type of antenna used

•

The climate and terrain

•

The following section offers several typical applications and guidelines for the successful implementation of the Appendix B to assist in this process.

FIRELINK 2000

radios. Configuration Worksheets are provided in

Section 4 System Planning 4-1

FIRELINK 2000 Installation and Operation Manual

YOMN 4850-001 Rev A

4.2 Application Examples

Spread Spectrum radios can be used in point-to-point, repeater and multi-link hub configurations. The following paragraphs provide typical examples of each of these applications.

4.2.1 Point-to -Poi n t Voice a n d Data Appli cation

Figu re 4–1. Point-to-Poin t Voice and Data Application

In Figure 4–1, the location via a

FIRELINK 2000

TDM

multiplexer to the main company facility.

kbps radio link is used to link a remote office

Setting up the application involves only the setting of the radio parameters and cabling of the radios to the multiplexers and antennas.

The following table (Table 4-1) describes the parameters for this application.

4-2 Section 4 System Planning

FIRELINK 2000 Installation and Operation Manual

Table 4-1. Confi guration Parameters for Point-to-Point Voice and Data App lication

Parameter Command Description

Transmit Power Level

power

(xx is an even number from 0 to 28)

Typica lly, the maximum power le gally allowed is rec ommended to begin installa tion. Once the link is optimized , the power setting should then be lowered until the receive power level is about 20 dB higher than the receiver threshold. Keeping this power as low as pos s ib le will maximize the channel reuse.

YOMN 4850-001 Rev A

Channel Frequency

Master/Slave Burst Synchronization Timing

PN Sequence

Data Rate

Clock Source

chan

(nn is desired channel)

mast/int mast/ext slave/int

pnseq

(n is pn seq number)

nx64k nx56k

subrate

clkdte clkint clkintst clklink clklinkst clkloc

The two radios must be se t to the sa me channel number. A Spectrum Analyzer can be used to determine which channels are not in use .

One radio is specified as Master and one as Slave. In single link point-to-point applic a tions, it is not important which radio is set to Master or Slave.

The Master radio transmits the first data burst. The Slave always transmits its burst in response to a received burst from the Master radio.

The Master may configured for internal or external burst synchronization timing. The internal clock of the Master provides the burst sync timing signal (ap proximately 8.5 ms), while the Slave derives its burst synchronization from its received RF signal.

To reduce interference, a PN sequence must be specified on each radio. This PN sequence can be from 1 to 8 and must be set the same on each radio.

Each radio type supports several data rates. For instance, the 2464 or 23-64 radio can be s et to 64, 56, 19.2, 9.6, 4.8, 2.4 or 1.2 kbps synchronous. T he two radios must be s e t to the identical data rate. For this example, the data rate is 64 kbps.

One device in the link should provide timing for all other units. Typica lly in this type of applic ation, one of the multiplexers is chosen as the timing source. The radios, as well as the other multiplexer, would take this timing. If the

on the left side of

MUX

the diagram is chosen as the timing source (see on Figure 4–1) then the

FIRELINK 2000

(CLKDTE) timing. T his ca us e s it to ta ke timing from its interface. The

FIRELINK 2000

radio on the left is configured for

DTE

radio on the right side is

DTE

configured for Link timing (CLKLink). This causes it to take its timing from the signal received over the radio link from the radio on the le ft. The timing from its

DTE

on the right is configured to take e xternal

MUX

interface.

Section 4 System Planning 4-3

FIRELINK 2000 Installation and Operation Manual

YOMN 4850-001 Rev A

4.2.2 Point-to-Point Repeater Applic ation

If the range is too great or there are obstacles in the line-of-sight path which cannot be overcome, installation of a repeater is the only solution, as shown in Figure 4–2. One or more repeater sites may be required, with each segment of the link set to a different frequency channel and PN sequence.

Figu re 4–2. Point-to-Poin t Repeater Application

DTE

The repeater Slave then routes the

Master radio and first Slave radio are configured for internal burst timing. The

DTE

timing signals to the repeater Master, which is configured for external burst timing. Data is routed between the radios over a separate interconnect data cable, as shown in Table 4-2. Any of the cross-over cables described in Section 5.5.2 can be used. Any number of repeater sites can be used in a link.

Table 4-2. Repeater Data In terconnect Cable

Slave <--------------> Master

RT <--------------> TT

RD <--------------> TD

TT <--------------> RT

TD <--------------> RD

SGD <--------------> SGD

RTS (ope n) <--------------> RTS (ope n)

If more than one repeater site is used, the channel frequencies can be repeated. For example, the Master 1 to Slave 1 link might use channel 1 while the Master 2 to Slave 2 link uses channel 6. Due to the distance between the repeaters, if an additional repeater were used to extend the link past the Slave 2 site, it could use channel 1 again.

4-4 Section 4 System Planning

FIRELINK 2000 Installation and Operation Manual

YOMN 4850-001 Rev A

The antenna separation,

DTE

interface, and burst synchronization are all critical configuration considerations. The following table (Table 4-3) describes the parameters for this application.

Section 4 System Planning 4-5

FIRELINK 2000 Installation and Operation Manual

YOMN 4850-001 Rev A

Table 4-3. Confi guration Parameters For Poin t-to -Point Repeater Appl ication

Parameter

Transmit Power Level

Channel Frequency

Master/Slave Burst Synchronization Timing

Command

power

(xx is an even number from 0 to 28)

chan

(nn is desired channel)

mast/int mast/ext slave/int

Description

The channels s ele c ted will depend on the d ata rate for the radios. Channels can be repeated between some sites depending on the circumstances, but must be the same for each Master and Slave pair.

One radio is specified as Master and one as Slave, as shown in Figure 4–2.

The Master radio #1 transmits the first data burst. T he Slave #1 always transmits its burst in reaction to a received burst from the Master #1 radio. Mas te r #2 will transmit its burst when commanded by the burst s ync output of Slave #1. Slave #2 always transmits its burst in reaction to a received burst from the Master #2 radio.

At the first site, the burst synchronization timing is derived from the internal clock of Master 1, while Slave 1 derives its burst synchronization from its received RF signal. At the repeater site, Slave 1 provides burst synchronization to Master 2 for the next link segment, as s hown in Figure 4–2.

PN Sequence

pnseq

(n is pn seq number)

To reduce interference, a PN sequence must be specified on each radio. This can be from 1 to 8. T he two radios in the Master/Slave pair must be set to the s ame PN sequence number. The two radios in the next repeater link segment should be s e t to a different PN seque nce in order to get maximum protec tion against interference from the first link segment.

Data Rate

Automatically

The data rate s ele c te d for all radio s in the link must be the sa me.

selected

Clock Source

clkdte clkint clkintst clklink clklinkst clkloc

4-6 Section 4 System Planning

The clock source issues are the same as for the point-to-point case except at the repeater site. At the repeater site, the Master radio for t he s e c o nd link s e gment must be set fo r DTE (CLKDTE) timing in order to ta ke timing from the Slave #1 radio o n the left side of the diagram, as shown in . Both slave units are usually configured to receive clock timing over the RF link (CLKLINK).

4.2.3 Hub Application

FIRELINK 2000 Installation and Operation Manual

YOMN 4850-001 Rev A

This example will use 64 kbps

FIRELINK 2000

radios to connect the following devices at various remote locations to a host computer (see Figure 4–3) using three links).

Table 4-4. Hub A pplication Example Devices

Operating at 64 kbps s ync with a V.11 (V.35) interface (approx. 10 km from Host Co mpute r).

Operating at 9.6 kbps Sync, with a V.11 (V.35) interface (approx. 3 km from Host Co mpute r).

Operating at 56 kbps s ync, with a V.35 interface (Server is approx. 15 km from the Host computer).

REMOTE SITES

FIRELINK

Master Burst Sync Int Clock DTE

Master Burst Sync Ext Clock HUB

FIRELINK

Slave Burst S ync Int Clock DCE

FIRELINK

Slave Burst S ync Int Clock DCE

Workstation

Printer

DTE

H O S T

Server

HUB

Burst Sync

FIRELINK 2000

WORKSTATION

PRINTER

FIRELINK

Master Burst Sync Ext Clock HUB

Slave Burst S ync Int Clock DCE

FIRELINK

SERVER

Figure 4–3. Hub Application Example (64 kbps radios)

A complete path study must be completed to determine proper antenna location and transmit power level for each link. Careful planning is required to achieve maximum isolation between each of the radio links at the hub site. This isolation is achieved using a combination of antenna isolation, transmit power level selection, channel frequency selection and PN sequence selection.

Antenna isolation is achieved by using larger, more directional antennas. Additional isolation can be achieved by using different antenna polarizations for links. Power levels should be set to the minimum level which provides the required 20 dB fade margin. Channel frequency and PN sequence selection should be based upon achieving maximum isolation between links which point in nearly the same direction.

Section 4 System Planning 4-7

FIRELINK 2000 Installation and Operation Manual

YOMN 4850-001 Rev A

Figure 4–4. Hub Application Example

Figure 4–4 shows four links connected to a hub site. All four links are located in roughly the same direction from the hub. In this case the antenna polarization, the frequency channel and the PN code should be selected to provide maximum isolation between adjacent links.

Table 4-5 shows a set of good choices for these parameters:

Table 4-5. Hub Application Example Design Choices

Link 1

Horizontal Antenna Polarization Frequency Channel 1 PN Sequence #1

Link 2

Vertical Antenna Polarization Frequency Channel 4 PN Sequence #2

Link 3

Horizontal Antenna Polarization Frequency Channel 7 PN Sequence #3

Link 4

Vertical Antenna Polarization Frequency Channel 10 PN Sequence #4

The following table (Table 4-6) describes the unit setup for this application.

4-8 Section 4 System Planning

FIRELINK 2000 Installation and Operation Manual

Table 4-6. Configuration Parameters for Hub Application

YOMN 4850-001 Rev A

Parameter

Transmit Power Level

Channel Frequency

Master/Slave Burst Synchronization Timing

PN Sequence

Data Rate

Clock Source

Command

power

(xx is an even number from 0 to 28)

chan

(nn is desired channel)

mast/int mast/ext slave/int

pnseq

(n is pn seq number)

nx56k nx64k

subrate

clkdte clkint clkintst clklink clklinkst clkloc

Description

In hub applica tions it is c ritic al to use the mi nimum a cceptable transmit power level.

Each radio pair is a s s igned a unique channel to avoid interference.

In a hub configuration, the hub radios are set to Master. The radios at the remote sites are configured as Slave.

In the hub configuration (more than one radio pa ir) it is critic al that all the hub sites transmit and receive at the same time to minimize inter-channel interference. T he burst s y nc ports of the hub radios must be dais y-chained together.

One hub site radio is configured for internal burst timing (Mast/ Int). All o ther hub site ra d io s are c onfigured for e xternal burst timing (Mast/Ext) and sy nchronize their transmit burs ts to the signal from the first radio. The Slave radios are configured for internal burst timing and derive their burst s ynchronization from their received RF s i gnal .

Set the PN sequence number different for radio links which use the same (or close to the same) RF channel.

In this application, shown in Figure 4–3, the workstation is operating at 64 kbps synchronous. T he printer is ope rating at 9. 6 kbps synchronous data rate us ing the 64 kbps radio. T he Server is operating at 56 kbps s ynchronous using the 64 kbps radio.

Please note: Some radio products have restrictions on the combinations of da ta ra tes used to gether at a hub site. The

FIRELINK 2000

eliminates these restrictions and allows radios

with any data rate s to op era te from the same hub site. The

FIRELINK 2000

the

Skyplex I

512kbps radios and the

radios can also operate from hub sites us ing

64kbps, 128 kbps, 256 kbps, 384 kbps and

Skyplex SS

64 kbps, 128 kbps and 256

kbps radios. See Section 4.6 for additional information. The selection of clock source for the

FIRELINK 2000

radio is independent of hub operation. Any setting of clock source can be used.

Section 4 System Planning 4-9

FIRELINK 2000 Installation and Operation Manual

YOMN 4850-001 Rev A

4.3 Antenna Selection

FIRELINK 2000

The lobe (less than 15 degrees) antenna. The following paragraphs describe typical considerations made in selecting the proper antenna, including the cable distances (see “Path Analysis” in Section 4.5 for more details concerning distances).

radios should always be used with a directional parabolic or narrow

Important Note:

and limitations on radia ted p ower . The pr ofess io nal inst a ller must be familiar the regulatory inf or mation at the front of t his manual and is responsible for compliance wit h all loc al regulat io ns.

Omni-directional antennas should be avoided in all outdoor applications. They

are susceptible to interference from signals from all directions and may create inter f erence with other syst ems.

Antennas must be s e lec ted in comp liance wit h loca l regulat ions

4.3.1 Parabolic, High Gain Antenna

When distances longer than one kilometer are required, it is best to use a parabolic, narrow lobe, directional antenna. Distances of up to 100 km (60 miles) can be accommodated with these antennas. The antenna size and gain for various antennas are provided in the effective radio link. Please refer to the antenna manufacturer's manual for complete details.

Directional antennas are typically mounted on the roof of a building or a transmission tower and are connected to the radios with a coaxial RF cable.

LNL

price list. Accurate antenna alignment is imperative to ensure an

4.4 RF Cable Selection

The RF cable is used to connect the radio to the antenna. The selection of the cable type is a trade-off between cost and RF signal loss. The path analysis calculations provide information concerning what loss can be tolerated. For shorter links, a higher loss cable such as LMR 400 can be used. For longer links, low loss cables such as ½ inch or 7/8 inch Heliax are commonly used. The cable losses and pricing for various cable types are provided in the

4-10 Section 4 System Planning

LNL

price list.

FIRELINK 2000 Installation and Operation Manual

4.5 Path Analysis

A path analysis must be performed to determine the following:

Whether a particular link can provide the desired level of performance;

•

What antenna and cable types must be used in order to achieve the desired

•

performance; To insure the projected system performance, special attent ion should be paid

•

to verifying Line of Sight (LOS), calculat ing the fade margin and dete rmining th e lin k a v a ila b ilit y. Th e fo llo win g th r e e se c t io ns dis c us s each of these issues. The last section discusses a series of spreadsheets that are available to automate these calculations.

The path analysis involves three steps:

1. Determine how high the antennas must be mounted in order to provide a clear LOS propagation path between the antennas

YOMN 4850-001 Rev A

2. Determine if the various link power gains and losses will provide an adequate fading margin.

3. Determine if the fading margin is large enough to produce the desired level of availability (low enough outage time).

These calculations should be repeated while varying the radio power levels, antenna gains, cable losses and tower heights to obtain the desired availability at the lowest cost. If the calculations do not yield the desired availability, possible solutions include increasing the radio output power level, increasing the antenna size, or reducing the cable loss. If additional loss must be eliminated in order to meet the desired availability, it is

generally less costly first to select better

cable and then use a larger antenna.

4.5.1 LOS Verification

FIRELINK 2000

provide the performance which the path analysis calculations predict. Although it is possible for very short links to operate without LOS, this approach is not commonly used. When performing LOS calculations, we must take into account the Fresnel Zone, the earth curvature and the height of any obstacle between the antennas.

requires a direct LOS propagation path between the two antennas to

Section 4 System Planning 4-11

FIRELINK 2000 Installation and Operation Manual

YOMN 4850-001 Rev A

4.5.1.1 Fresnel Zone

An obstacle which does not block the path but is close to the direct propagation path between the antennas can still cause degradation. There should be no obstacle blocking the imaginary ellipsoid surface (Fresnel Zone) that surrounds the straight line path between two antennas (Figure 4–5).

The objective is to keep the lower 0.6 Fresnel Zone in the clear to prevent echoes or multi-path from reducing the received signal. Multi-path is to wireless as “ghosting” is to TV. The lower part of the 0.6 Fresnel Zone is like a “sag” or widening of the radio beam at the middle of the path. The lower 0.6 Fresnel Zone, as well as the radio center line between the antennas, must clear all obstacles for best results. The formula for calculating the lower 1

where: F1=1

=distance from second antenna in miles, D=pathlength in miles, and ƒ= frequency in

Fresnel Zone is:

Fresnel Zone radius in feet,

1.72

×=

=distance from first antenna in miles,

GHz. Then 0.6F=(F1×0.6). If using the metric system, the formula is:

where: F1=1

Fresnel Zone radius in meters, d1=distance from first antenna in kilometers,

3.17

×=

d2=distance from second antenna in kilometers, D=path length in kilometers, and ƒ= frequency in GHz.

4.5.1.2 Earth Curvature

This factor accounts for the curvature of the earth and atmospheric refraction. Typically, in transmissions of less than 16 km (10 miles) the earth bulge can be ignored. Refer to Figure 4–5 for the concept of earth curvature.

The midpoint clearance for earth curvature is approximately 13 feet (4m) for a 10 mile (16 km) path and approximately 200 feet (60m) for a 40 mile (65 km) path.

4-12 Section 4 System Planning

FIRELINK 2000 Installation and Operation Manual

YOMN 4850-001 Rev A

Clearance for earth curvature can be calculated for various “K” factors using the formula:

5.1

Kddh ××=

is the equivalent earth radius and under normal atmospheric conditions,

34=K to

give:

()

ddh ×=

where:

= change in vertical distance from a horizontal line (feet);

• h

d1 = distance from first antenna (miles);

•

d2 = distance from second antenna (miles).

•

If using the metric system, the formula for earth curvature is:

75.12

Kddh ××=

where h is in meters and

and

are in kilometers

4.5. 1.3 Min imum Hei ght Calcul at ion

The minimum antenna height to obtain a direct LOS, is determined by adding the height of any obstacle to 0.6 Fresnel Zone at that point and the earth curvature at that point. This calculation should be made for each significant obstacle along the path. Clearance for terrain can be determined from accurate topographic maps (the height of trees and/or buildings needs to be considered). Alternatively, the path can be surveyed along the direct route. There are also digital maps available for many parts of the world that have accurate information on terrain.

Section 4 System Planning 4-13

FIRELINK 2000 Installation and Operation Manual

YOMN 4850-001 Rev A

Antenna

Height

Fresnel Zone

Earth

Curvature

Obstacle Height

Link Distance

Figure 4–5. Determining M inimum Antenna Height for a direct LOS application

4.5.2 Determ ining the Fade Margin

To achieve reliable communication, the radio path must have a received signal level that will protect the path against reduction in signal due to multi-path fading and other anomalous propagation effects. This factor is called a fade margin.

The fade margin is a measure of how much signal attenuation the system can withstand without dropping below a minimum considered adequate, but anything above this will provide better protection against fading.

The fade margin is calculated by using the following formula:

Fade Margin = GS + GA - LC - L

GS is the total system gain, GA is total antenna gain, LC is the total connector/cable loss and LP is the path loss (Figure 4–6). More fade margin can be obtained by increasing the radio output power level, increasing the antenna gain, using lower loss cable, or shortening the path between the antennas. The Path Analysis Spread Sheets discussed in Section 4.5.4 automate these calculations. A Configuration Worksheet is also provided in Appendix B to assist in calculating the fade margin.

BER

level. A fade margin higher than 15 dB is

4-14 Section 4 System Planning

FIRELINK 2000 Installation and Operation Manual

Figu re 4–6. Fade Margin Calcul ation

YOMN 4850-001 Rev A

4.5.2.1 System Gain

System gain is the minimum performance standard for any radio link. It is measured at the radio's output (not including any antenna gain).

Calculation of system gain is determined by using the following formula:

System Gain = Transmit Power - Receiver Sensitivity

System gain is presented in Table 4-7.

Table 4-7. System Gain

Radio Model Receiver

Sensitivity

24-64 or 23-64 24-128 or 23-128 24-256 or 23-256 24-384 or 23-384 24-512 or 23-512

– 95 dB – 92 dB – 89 dB – 87 dB – 87 dB

System Gain

at +28 dBm

123 dB 120 dB 117 dB 115 dB 115 dB

4.5.2.2 Antenna Gain

Antenna gain indicates the antenna's ability to focus the radio's energy into a narrow beam and is measured in dBi. Both antennas on a link contribute to overall antenna gain.

Section 4 System Planning 4-15

FIRELINK 2000 Installation and Operation Manual

YOMN 4850-001 Rev A

4.5. 2.3 Free S pace Path Loss

The largest attenuation factor in a radio system is the loss of power as the signal travels through space. Path loss is determined by the distance between radios.

The formula for calculating the path loss attenuation is: where:

log20log20)dB(

++=

is 96.6 if D is in miles, and 92.45 if D is in kilometers

• C

F is the frequency in GHz

•

DFCPL

1010

4.5.2.4 Cable/Connector Loss

The directional antenna is connected to the radio with a coaxial cable. Cable losses at 2.4 and 2.3 GHz can be very significant and are linear (in dB) in relation to the length of the RF cable used. The cable losses for various cable types are provided in the

LNL

price list.

4.5. 2.5 Received Signal S t rength In dicator (RSS I)

The received signal strength may be determined by either reading the value from the terminal or LCD screen, or by measuring a voltage provided on the RSSI test points located on both front panel of the radio. The value displayed on the terminal screen is shown in dBm and also includes the RSSI reading of the far end radio. The RSSI test points provide a voltage which is proportional to the received signal strength according to the table below.

Table 4-8. RSSI Output Voltage

Received Signal Level RSSI Vo ltage

< – 95 dBm – 90 dBm – 80 dBm – 70 dBm – 60 dBm

> – 58 dBm

1.0V

3.0V

5.0V

7.0V

7.4V

RSSI readings may be used during installation to align the antennas and to minimize the transmit power to obtain sufficient link margin. After installation, the

SAVEREF

command stores an RSSI reference value for later comparison of link margin.

4-16 Section 4 System Planning

FIRELINK 2000 Installation and Operation Manual

YOMN 4850-001 Rev A

4.5.3 Fading Outages and Availability

The formula for calculating the unavailability, U, of a path (due to multipath fading) is:

10/36

−−

10105.2

DfbaU

××××××=

where:

= climate factor (0.1 = Dry, 0.25 = temperate, 0.5 = Hot and Humid)

• a

= terrain factor (0.25 = Mountainous, 1 = Average, 4 = Smooth)

• b

= frequency in GHz

• ƒ

= path length in miles

• D

= fade margin in dB

• F

If D is measured in kilometers, then the formula is:

10/37

−−

10106

DfbaU

××××××=

The formula for calculating the availability, A, of a path is:

100% U)-(1 =A

where: U = unavailability

Table 4-9. Typical Objectives for Availability

Availability Outage per Day Application

99.9% 86 seconds T ypical Business Application

99.99% 8.6 sec onds High Reliability Business Applic a tion

99.999% 0. 86 s ec onds Critical Applications

4.5.4 Path Analysis Spread Sheets

FIRELINK 2000

The provided spreadsheets for antenna pointing analysis, line of sight (LOS) path analysis and Link Budget analysis. These spread sheets are provided for Microsoft Excel Version 5. Contact your distributor or

link engineering calculations can be greatly simplified by using LNL

LNL

for copies of the spreadsheet files.

4.5. 4.1 Path Prof ile Spreadsh eet ( P ATHPRO.XLS)

The Path Profile spreadsheet is a Microsoft Excel version 5 spreadsheet used to determine how high the two antennas must be in order to have a clear LOS path between the two antennas, the distance between the sites, and the pointing angles of the antennas. You will need to enter the information into the Link Configuration section to get the

Section 4 System Planning 4-17

FIRELINK 2000 Installation and Operation Manual

YOMN 4850-001 Rev A

antenna pointing and distance values. Then enter the Path Profile Data to get a path profile.

1. Enter the link information in the Link Configuration section on the left side of the spreadsheet.

2. The latitude and longitude for both sites (denoted as Hub and Remote) must be in decimal degrees. If the latitudes and longitudes are known only in degrees / minutes / seconds, enter them in the

M INUTES / SECONDS TO DECIMA L DEGREES

CONVERT DEGREES /

section of the spreadsheet. Enter the computed decimal angle value in the appropriate field above. Be sure to use positive numbers for North latitudes and West longitudes and negative values for South latitudes and East latitudes.

3. Enter the elevation of the two sites in meters above mean sea level (AMSL).

4. Enter the antenna height in meters at each end of the link.

The Path Profile Data section on the right side of the spreadsheet is used to enter

ground elevations and any obstructions along the path that must be considered in order to have a clear line of sight.

5. Enter the ground elevation at all the intervening points along the path. This data can be obtained from topographic maps.

6. Enter the blockage height of any obstruction (buildings, trees, etc.) along the path. The value entered should be the height above ground, in meters, of the obstruction.

7. When finished, select the 'Profile Chart' tab and print the profile.

The Profile Chart will have lines showing the Line of Sight (blue) and the lower 1

Fresnel zone (magenta). The 1st Fresnel zone must be clear of obstructions. The three lower lines show the earth curvature (red dashed line), the normalized ground

level elevations (brown dashed line), and the blockage profile (green line) taken from the path profile data entered.

If the blockage profile touches or crosses the 1st Fresnel Zone line, there will be a heavy red line showing the section of the path that is affected. In order to eliminate this line and make a clear line of sight, you must adjust the antenna heights on the Link Information tab, in step 4 above.

Note: The reason for leaving this zone clear simply is to make the path loss calculations accurate. If there is a small intrusion into the Fresnel Zone, the link may still work, but the path losses will be somewhat greater than what the Link Budget spreadsheet calculates. How much greater is difficult to determine, as it must take into account the amount that it intrudes into the zone, the reflectivity of the material, the shape and position of the object, whether the obstruction is stationary or moving, and several other

4-18 Section 4 System Planning

FIRELINK 2000 Installation and Operation Manual

YOMN 4850-001 Rev A

physical properties. These spreadsheets are not designed to take into account any of these factors.

4.5.4.2 Link Budget Spreadsheet (LNLLINK.XLS)

The Link Budget spreadsheet is a Microsoft Excel version 5 spreadsheet used to determine the size of antenna, the type of RF cable and the required RF power level required to provide adequate performance.

1. Upon opening the spreadsheet, you are presented with a spreadsheet that has a button on it labeled “Configure Link Parameters”. Click this button with your mouse.

2. A dialog box comes up that looks like Figure 4-7. Enter all values, beginning with the Restrictions. This will set the default units for the other fields.

3. Enter the Path Length in miles or kilometers (this value can be obtained from

PATHPRO

the

spreadsheet described above); select the units for the path

length.

4. Enter the information data rate of the

FIRELINK 2000

link in kb/s.

5. Select the percentage of availability from the drop down list that better fits the application.

6. Select the Terrain Factor (Mountainous, Average, Flat or River Delta) from the drop down list.

7. Select the Climate Factor (Dry, Temperate or Hot and Humid) from the drop down list.

8. Enter the gain of the transmit antennas at both ends of the link. The Antenna Gain cell at the spreadsheet gives the gains of standard

LNL

antennas.

9. Select the output power level for both ends of the link from the drop down list.

10. Select the cable type and loss values for both ends of the link. The drop down list has the cable loss values for the cable provided by LNL. These values are in loss per meter.

11. Enter the cable length for both ends of the link. These lengths can be in either feet or meters. Select the units in which you are entering the lengths. The spreadsheet will convert the values to metric for calculation purposes.

Section 4 System Planning 4-19

FIRELINK 2000 Installation and Operation Manual

YOMN 4850-001 Rev A

Figure 4–7

When you are finished, press the OK button and you will be taken back to the spreadsheet where you can see if the link budget is sufficient for your purposes. You will see two values indicated as “

FADE MARGIN

”, one for Site A and one for Site B. The

margin for each site should greater than 15dB, and displayed in green. If your fade margins are in red (<15dB), you must change the size of the transmit or

receive antenna, or select lower loss cables. If none of these methods provide adequate performance, an intermediate repeater site must be added to the link.

You may also elect to modify the availability of the link to meet the fade margins. Doing this will give you a less reliable link, but this may be an acceptable trade off for your application.

If the value in the Fade Margin field reads a negative value, then the power in the radio is calculated to be set below 0dB. This is not a valid setting for the

FIRELINK 2000

. To correct this, you must reduce the total gains for the link side in question. You can do this by using a lower gain antenna, increasing the cable length, or using a higher loss cable. If these methods are not sufficient, you must consider putting in a repeater site and using shorter hops.

4-20 Section 4 System Planning

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YOMN 4850-001 Rev A

4. 6 Burs t Sync Configuration Planning

The burst sync signal is used to minimize potential interference by synchronizing the transmission/reception burst intervals of all radios at a site. The use a TDD modulation technique in which the radios alternately transmit and receive. Thus, there is a potential for interference in which one radio may be transmitting at the same time another is receiving. In addition, the radios operate in the same general band and the transmit power is very high relative to the receive power. Thus, there is a potential for interference even though the two radios in question are operating on different RF channels. This problem is avoided by using the burst sync signal to cause all radios at a site to transmit at the same time.

The burst sync distribution architecture is shown in Figure 4–8.

FIRELINK 2000

radios

FIRELINK

Burst Sync =

MAST/INT TERM

FIRELINK

Burst Sync =

MAST/EXT NOTER M

FIRELINK

Burst Sync =

MAST/EXT TERM

REF1 IN

REF1 OUT

REF1 IN

REF1 OUT

REF1 IN

REF1 OUT

Figu re 4–8. Burst Syn c Distribution Architecture

The radio which is configured as burst sync Master/Internal will transmit a burst sync signal on its BURST SYNC OUT output. All radios at the site will use this signal for burst synchronization. All radios configured as burst sync Master/External will normally take burst sync from the BURST SYNC IN input. The last radio in the chain is configured to terminate the burst sync cable.

The Burst Sync signal uses RS-485 electronics which allows up to 30 radios to be driven from one radio. If more than 30 radios must be connected at a site, an RS-485 driver can be added in line.

If a unit is configured as Burst Sync External and BURST SYNC IN signal

Note:

fails , a major alar m will be g ener a ted and the radio will st o p tra nsmit ting.

Section 4 System Planning 4-21

FIRELINK 2000 Installation and Operation Manual

YOMN 4850-001 Rev A

4.6 .1 Burst Sync Operation with other Radios

Burst sync distribution is affected when the

SKYPLEX

old

radios. The

signal to or from the

2000

radio cannot provide a burst sync signal to the older

FIRELINK 2000 SKYPLEX SS

and

radios must be selected to provide burst sync to all other radios at the site.

FIRELINK 2000

SKYPLEX I

radio by using the BSRJ45 command. The

SKYPLEX SS

radios are used at a common site, one of the older

The burst sync output signal from the old but the

FIRELINK 2000

SKYPLEX I

and

FIRELINK 2000

radios are used at a site with

radio can provide or accept the burst sync

FIRELINK

SKYPLEX SS

radio uses RS-232 electronics,

radio. If both

radios use RS-485 which can drive longer cables. An RS-232 to RS-485 converter will be required to convert the RS-232 burst sync output from the

2000

as shown in Figure 4–9. An RS-232 to RS-485 converter assembly is available in

SKYPLEX SS

radio into the RS-485 burst sync input on the

FIRELINK

your LNL price list. The last radio in the chain is configured to terminate the burst sync cable.

SKYPLEX SS

Burst Sync = Internal

SYNCH

RS-232 TO CONVERTER

485

SKYPLEX I

Burst Sync =

MAST/EXT NOTERM SKY

FIRELINK

Burst Sync =

MAST/EXT TERM BSRJ45

BURST SYNC IN

BURST SYNC OUT

BURST SYNC IN

BURST SYNC OUT

Figu re 4–9. Burst Syn c Distribution using SKYPLEX SS, SKYPLEX I, and FIRELINK

2000 Radios

4-22 Section 4 System Planning

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YOMN 4850-001 Rev A

4. 7 Conf iguration Setting Planning

This section describes the configuration parameters and provides guidance for making the settings. It is recommended that the planning engineer should fill out a planning worksheet from Appendix B and note down the desired parameter settings. Section 5, Installation and Setup, describes the configuration screens.

4.7.1 Transmit Power Selection

The radio transmit power can be set to any even number value from 0 dBm to +28 dBm, and typically, the maximum power legally allowed is recommended to begin installation. Once the link is optimized, the power setting should then be lowered until the receive power level is about 20 dB higher than the receiver threshold. Keeping this power as low as possible will maximize the channel reuse. In hub applications it is critical to use the minimum acceptable transmit power level.

The transmit power level must always be set to comply with the governmental regulations of the country of installation. This equipment is intended to be professionally installed and it is the responsibility of the installer to ensure the system configuration is in compliance with these regulations. Trained professional microwave radio installers should refer to the Regulatory Notices in the front of this manual for additional compliance information.

4.7.2 RF Channel Selection

FIRELINK 2000

The to each channel varies according to the version of the radio selected. The channel spacing varies with the bit rate and is designed to enable compatible channels plans across all data rates. Channel spacing ranges from 5 MHz for the 64 kbps radios to 30 MHz for the 384 and 512 kbps radios. All channel plan frequencies are designed to allow maximum flexibility for the user and to ensure that all channel plans are compatible from 64kbps up to 512kbps.

The available radio versions include: Standard, FCC, 2.3GHz, ETSI, Mexican and French models. Each of these models account for restricted channel access for various countries where the product is installed. For other countries which have similar restrictions, contact

LNL

to determine which version best fits the application.

Experienced users should note that it may be possible to use many of the alternate channels if sufficient isolation can be provided between channels. This isolation can be provided be using the PN sequence, antenna polarization and directionality, and channel assignment, but results will be dependent on each installation.

frequency bands are divided into channels. The frequency assigned

Section 4 System Planning 4-23

FIRELINK 2000 Installation and Operation Manual

YOMN 4850-001 Rev A

4.7.2.1 RF Channels - “S” Model Radios

FIRELINK 2000

The

frequency band of the “S” model radios extends from 2.400 GHz to

2.4835 GHz and channel location is consistent with international standards. It is divided into channels spaced as shown in the following table.

Table 4-10. “S” Model Radio RF Channel Spacings and Center Frequencies

Channel Number

0 2403.500 1 2408.500 2406.000 2411.000 A 2421.000 A* 2421. 000 A* 2 2413.500 2416.000 2421.000 B 2431. 000 B 2431.000 B 3 2418.500 2426.000 2431.000 A 2441.000 C* 2441.000 C* 4 2423.500 2436.000 2441.000 B 2451. 000 A 2451.000 A 5 2428.500 2446.000 2451.000 A 2461.000 B* 2461.000 B* 6 2433.500 2456.000 2461.000 B 7 2438.500 2466.000 2471.000 A 8 2443.500 2476.000

9 2448.500 10 2453.500 11 2458.500

24-64S

(5 MHz)

24-128S

(10 MHz)

24-256S

(20 MHz)

24-384S

(30 MHz)

24-512S

(30 MHz)

12 2463.500 13 2468.500 14 2473.500 15 2478.500

* may be used simultaneously if channel isolation is sufficient in field application

The 64S radio has 16 non-overlapping channels and the 128S has 8 non-overlapping channels. All other radios have some channels which overlap with others. The overlapping channels are provided to give the system designer flexibility in making channel assignments to avoid interfering signals. Several channel sets may be used without overlap as shown by the letter designations.

In some cases, the use of spatial diversity and polarization may permit channels to be spaced closer than the recommended channel spacing.

4-24 Section 4 System Planning

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YOMN 4850-001 Rev A

Note that these channels are generally compatible with previously installed

SKYPLEX SS

and

systems and that the 64S channel plan has been modifed to add

SKYPLEX I

channel 0.

Table 4-1 1 . RF Ch a nnel Availability

Radio Type Total Number of Channels

Available

64S 16 16 128S 8 8 256S 7 4 384S 5 2 512S 5 2

Number o f

Non-Overlapping

Channels

Each radio pair must be configured with the same channel. Channel spacing equal or exceeding the values shown will optimize performance. In some cases the use of spatial diversity and polarization may permit channels to be spaced closer that the recommended channel spacing, but overlapping channels in a hub configuration is not recommended unless channel interference can be controlled.

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4.7.2.2 RF Channels - “FCC” Model Radios

FIRELINK 2000

The

frequency band of the “FCC” model radios extends from 2.400 GHz to 2.4835 GHz and channel location is consistent with US FCC standards. It is divided into channels spaced as shown in the table below.

Table 4-12. “FCC” Model Radio RF Channel Spacing and Center Frequencies

Channel Number

0 2403.500 - - - 1 2408.500 2406.000 2411.000 A 2421.000 A* 2421. 000 A* 2 2413.500 2416.000 2421.000 B 2431. 000 B 2431.000 B 3 2418.500 2426.000 2431.000 A 2441.000 C* 2441.000 C* 4 2423.500 2436.000 2441.000 B 2451. 000 A 2451.000 A 5 2428.500 2446.000 2451.000 A 2458.000 B* 2458.000 B* 6 2433.500 2456.000 2461.000 B 7 2438.500 2466.000 2468.000 A 8 2443.500 2474.500

9 2448.500 10 2453.500 11 2458.500

24-64FCC

(5 MHz)

24-128FCC

(10 MHz)

24-256FCC

(20 MHz)

24-384FCC

(30 MHz)

24-512FCC

(30 MHz)

12 2463.500 13 2468.500 14 2473.500

* may be used simultaneously if channel isolation is sufficient in field application

The 64FCC radio has 15 non-overlapping channels and the 128FCC has 8 nonoverlapping channels. All other radios have some channels which overlap with others. The overlapping channels are provided to give the system designer flexibility in making channel assignments to avoid interfering signals. Several channel sets may be used without overlap as shown by the letter designations. In some cases, the use of spatial diversity and polarization may permit channels to be spaced closer that the recommended channel spacing.

Note that these channels are generally compatible with previously installed

SKYPLEX SS

and

systems and the 64FCC channel plan has been modifed to add channel

SKYPLEX I

0 and delete channel 15.

4-26 Section 4 System Planning

FIRELINK 2000 Installation and Operation Manual

Table 4-1 3 . RF Ch a nnel Availability

YOMN 4850-001 Rev A

Radio Type Total Number of Channels

Available

Number o f

Non-Overlapping

Channels

64FCC 15 15 128FCC 8 8 256FCC 7 4 384FCC 5 2 512FCC 5 2

Section 4 System Planning 4-27

FIRELINK 2000 Installation and Operation Manual

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4.7.2.3 RF Channels - “2.3” Model Radios

FIRELINK 2000

The

frequency band of the “2.3” model radios extends from 2.300 GHz

to 2.400 GHz. It is divided into channels spaced as shown in the table below.

Table 4-14. “2.3” Model Radio RF Channel Spacing and Center Frequencies

Channel Number

1 2304.500 2307.000 2312.000 A 2322.000 A* 2322.000 A* 2 2309.500 2317.000 2322.000 B 2332. 000 B 2332.000 B 3 2314.500 2327.000 2332.000 A 2342.000 C* 2342.000 C * 4 2319.500 2337.000 2342.000 B 2352. 000 A 2352.000 A 5 2324.500 2347.000 2352.000 A 2362.000 B* 2362.000 B* 6 2329.500 2357.000 2362.000 B 2372. 000 C 2372.000 C 7 2334.500 2367.000 2372.000 A 2382.000 A* 2382.000 A* 8 2339.500 2377.000 2382.000 B

9 2344.500 2387.000 2392.000 A 10 2349.500 2397.000 11 2354.500 12 2359.500 13 2364.500 14 2369.500

23-64

(5 MHz)

23-128

(10 MHz)

23-256

(20 MHz)

23-384

(30 MHz)

23-512

(30 MHz)

15 2374.500 16 2379.500 17 2384.500 18 2389.500 19 2394.500

* may be used simultaneously if channel isolation is sufficient in field application

The 23-64 radio has 19 non-overlapping channels. All other radios have some channels which overlap. The overlapping channels are provided to give the system designer flexibility in making channel assignments to avoid interfering signals. Several channel sets may be used without overlap as shown by the letter designations. In some cases, the use of spatial diversity and polarization may permit channels to be spaced closer that the recommended channel spacing.

Note that all channels are compatible with previously installed

4-28 Section 4 System Planning

SKYPLEX I

systems.

FIRELINK 2000 Installation and Operation Manual

Table 4-15. RF Channel Availability

YOMN 4850-001 Rev A

Radio Type Total Number of Channels

Available

Number o f

Non-Overlapping

Channels

23-64 19 19 23-128 10 10 23-256 9 5 23-384 7 3 23-512 7 3

Section 4 System Planning 4-29

FIRELINK 2000 Installation and Operation Manual

YOMN 4850-001 Rev A

4.7.2.4 RF Channels - ETSI Model Radios

FIRELINK 2000

The

frequency band of the “E” model radios extends from 2.400 GHz to

2.4835 GHz and channel location and power level is consistent with ETSI standards. It is divided into channels spaced as shown in the table below.

Table 4-16. ETSI Model Radio RF Channel Spacing and Center Frequencies

Channel

Number

0 2403.500 - - - 1 2408. 500 2406.000 2411.000 A 2421. 000 A * 2421. 000 A * 2 2413. 500 2416.000 2421.000 B 2431.000 B 2431.000 B 3 2418. 500 2426.000 2431.000 A 2441. 000 C * 2441.000 C* 4 2423. 500 2436.000 2441.000 B 2451.000 A 2451.000 A 5 2428. 500 2446.000 2451.000 A 2461. 000 B* 2461.000 B* 6 2433. 500 2456.000 2461.000 B 7 2438. 500 2466.000 2471.000 A 8 2443.500 2476.000

9 2448.500 10 2453.500 11 2458.500

24-64E

(5 MHz)

24-128E

(10 MHz)

24-256E

(20 MHz)

24-384E

(30 MHz)

24-512E

(30 MHz)

12 2463.500 13 2468.500 14 2473.500 15 2478.500

* may be used simultaneously if channel isolation is sufficient in field application

The 64E has 16 non-overlapping channels and the 128E radio has 8 non-overlapping channels. All other radios have some channels which overlap with others. The overlapping channels are provided to give the system designer flexibility in making channel assignments to avoid interfering signals. Several channel sets may be used without overlap as shown by the letter designations. In some cases, the use of spatial diversity and polarization may permit channels to be spaced closer that the recommended channel spacing.

4-30 Section 4 System Planning

FIRELINK 2000 Installation and Operation Manual

Table 4-1 7 . RF Ch a nnel Availability

YOMN 4850-001 Rev A

Radio Type Total Number of Channels

Available

64E 16 16 128E 8 8 256E 7 4 384E 5 2 512E 5 2

Number o f

Non-Overlapping

Channels

4.7. 2.5 RF Chann els - Mexican Mo del

The version of the

FIRELINK 2000

radios designed for sale in Mexico have the RF channels limited to comply with the narrower spread spectrum band of 2.450 to 2.4835 GHz used in Mexico. The table below provides the desired RF channel spacing and center frequencies for the Mexican radios.

Table 4-18. Mexican Model Radio RF Channel Spacing and Center Frequencies

Channel Number

1 2453.500 2456.000 A 2456.000 A 2461.000 A* 2461. 000 A* 2 2458.500 2461.000 B 2461.000 B 2466. 000 B 2466. 000 B 3 2463.500 2466.000 A 2466.000 C 2471. 000 C*2471.000 C

4 2468.500 2471.000 B 2471.000 D 5 2473.500 2476.000 A 2476.000 A 6 2478.500

* may be used simultaneously if channel isolation is sufficient in field application

24-64M

(5 MHz)

24-128M

(10 MHz)

24-256M

(20 MHz)

24-384M

(30 MHz)

24-512M

(30 MHz)

The 64M has 6 non-overlapping channels. All other rate radios have some channels which overlap with others. The overlapping channels are provided to give the system

Section 4 System Planning 4-31

FIRELINK 2000 Installation and Operation Manual

YOMN 4850-001 Rev A

designer flexibility in making channel assignments to avoid interfering signals. Several channel sets may be used without overlap as shown by the letter designations. In some cases, the use of spatial diversity and polarization may permit channels to be spaced closer that the recommended channel spacing.

4.7. 2.6 RF Chann els - French Model

The version of the

FIRELINK 2000

radios designed for sale in France have the RF channels limited to comply with the narrower spread spectrum band of 2.446 to 2.4835 GHz used in France. The table below provides the desired RF channel spacing and center frequencies for the French radios.

Table 4-19. French Model Radio RF Channel Bandwidths and Center Frequencies

Channel Number

1 2 3 4 5 6

24-64F

(5 MHz)

2453.500

2458.500

2463.500

2468.500

2473.500

2478.500

24-128F

(10 MHz)

2456.000 A 2456.000 A 2461.000 A 2461.000 A

2461.000 B 2461.000 B 2466.000 B 2466. 000 B

2466.000 A 2466.000 C

2471.000 B 2471.000 D

2476.000 A

24-256F

(20 MHz)

24-384F

(30 MHz)

24-512F

(30 MHz)

The 64F has 6 non-overlapping channels. All other radios have some channels which overlap with others. The overlapping channels are provided to give the system designer flexibility in making channel assignments to avoid interfering signals. Several channel sets may be used without overlap as shown by the letter designations. In some cases, the use of spatial diversity and polarization may permit channels to be spaced closer that the recommended channel spacing.

4.7.3 PN Sequence Selection

This parameter selects one of 8 direct sequence pseudo-random noise (PN) spreading codes for the radio. The radio pair (Master and Slave) must be configured for the same

sequence. The radio uses the and these 8 optimized PN sequences provide the best channel isolation and maximize interference rejection. The performance enhancements of these sequences are used in conjunction with RF channelization to improve reception in all environments. Different links in a hub configuration should use different PN sequences.

4-32 Section 4 System Planning

sequence to provide direct sequence spreading gain

4.7.4 Data Rate Selection

FIRELINK 2000 Installation and Operation Manual

YOMN 4850-001 Rev A

The user can select the

DTE

interface data rate at which the radio operates (Table 4-20). The options vary depending upon the type of radio. Asynchronous inputs are supported by oversampling or by using an external Async to Sync converter.

Table 4-20. Data Rate Selection Parameters

Radio Type Date Rates Available Default

64S Synchronous: 64, 56, 19.2, 9.6, 4.8,

2.4, or 1.2 kbps Asynchronous: up to 19.2 kbps

128S Synchronous: 128 or 112 kbps

Asynchronous: up to 56 kbps

256S Synchronous: 256 or 224 kbps

Asynchronous: up to 115.2 kbps

384S Synchronous: 384 or 336 kbps

Asynchronous: up to 115.2 kbps

512S Synchronous: 512 kbps

Asynchronous: up to 115.2 kbps

64 kbps

128 kbps

256 kbps

384 kbps

512 kbps

4.7.5 DTE Interface Type Selection

This selection determines the active either V.35/V.11 or Old V.35 is selected, the M34 (Winchester) connector is active. If the RS-422, RS-232 or EIA-530 interface is selected, the 25-pin D connector is active. The RS-232 interface is available only for the 24-64 and 23-64 radios.

The selection of interface type is based upon the interface available on the only unusual issue is whether to choose V.35/V.11 or the old V.35 interface for V.35 devices.

Since low amplitude (0.5V) limits the range of the old V35 interface, the V.35/V.11 interface is recommended for all applications. This is the new interface which the selected to replace the old V.35.

The V.35/V.11 interface provides significantly improved performance and is completely compatible with the old V.35 interface. It can be used with interface or the newer V.11 line drivers and receivers. Almost all new devices which have V.35 interfaces actually have this type.

DTE

interface connector and the interface type. If

DTE

units having the old V.35

unit. The

DTE

ITU

Section 4 System Planning 4-33

FIRELINK 2000 Installation and Operation Manual

YOMN 4850-001 Rev A

4.7.6 System Timing Selection

This parameter determines the source of bit timing for the

DTE

interfaces. The user can

choose to take transmit timing from one of the following:

DTE

The

•

An internal oscillator (CLKINT) with automatic TT detection on the DTE

•

interface (CLKDTE).

interface. If no TT transitions are detected, ST timing will be used. An internal oscillator (CLKINTST) using ST timing on the DTE interface.

•

The radio at the far end of the link (CLKLINK) with automatic TT detection

•

on the DTE interface. If no TT transitions are detected, ST timing will be used. The radio at the far end of the link (CLKLINKST) using ST timing on the DTE

•

interface. Local clock (CLKLOC) is a special mode in which both transmit and receive

•

timing are taken from the

DTE

interface.

Each link should be configured with one source of timing for all other devices in the link. Typically timing is taken from the public network via a

PBX

or a

MUX

. In applications like simple LAN interconnection using routers, one of the radios can be selected as the timing source using its internal clock, with the routers and other radio set to take timing from the first radio.

4-34 Section 4 System Planning

FIRELINK 2000 Installation and Operation Manual

Table 4-21. Bit-Timi n g Sources for User Data Interfaces

YOMN 4850-001 Rev A

DTE

(CLKDTE)

Internal

(CLKINT)

Internal

(CLKINTST)

In this case , the signal applied on the Terminal T iming (TT) lead is us e d to clock the data from the

DTE

into the

FIRELINK 2000

transmit buffer. The clock recovered from the received RF signal is used to transfer data from the radio to the

: When the radio is se t for

Note

DTE

clock and there is no clock signal

present on the TT lea d a n Alarm will be declared. The

FIRELINK 2000

uses its internal clock to transfer the data into its transmit buffer. If the Terminal T iming (TT ) s ignal is routed back from the

device, it is automatically used to avoid any clock skewing

DTE

due to ca ble lengths . If the TT signal is not present, the radio will use the Send Timing (ST) si gnal to cl oc k the

transmit interface.

DTE

The clock recovered from the received RF signal is used to transfer data from the radio to the

The

FIRELINK 2000

DTE

uses its internal clock to transfer the data into its transmit buffer. T his mode does not detec t T e rminal Timing (TT) and always uses the Send Timing (ST) signal to clock the

DTE

transmit

interface. The clock recovered from the received RF signal is used to transfer data

from the radio to the

DTE

Link Receive

Clock

(CLKLINK)

Link Receive

Clock

(CLKLINKST)

Local Clock

(CLKLOC)

This selection uses the clock received over the link from the far end radio to transfer data into its transmit buffer. If the Te rminal Timing (TT) signal is routed back from the

device, it is au tomatically

DTE

used to avoid any clock skewing due to cable lengths. If the T T s ignal is not present, the radio will use the Send T iming (ST) signal to clock the

transmit interface.

DTE

The clock recovered from the received RF signal is used to transfer data from the ra dio to the

DTE

This selection uses the clock received over the link from the far end radio to transfer data into its transmit buffer. This mode does not detec t Terminal Timing (TT) and always uses the Send Timing (ST) signal to clock the

transmit interface.

DTE

The clock recovered from the received RF signal is used to transfer data from the ra dio to the

This is a s light variation from

DTE.

DTE

timing. In this case the signal applied on the Terminal Timing (TT) lea d is us e d to cloc k the data from the from the radio to the

DTE

into the

FIRELINK 2000

. There are s ome models of multiplexers and

DTE

transmit buffer a nd to transfer data

other devices which require this setting in order to avoid occasional bit errors a t the

DTE

interface.

Section 4 System Planning 4-35

FIRELINK 2000 Installation and Operation Manual

YOMN 4850-001 Rev A

There are several significant design enhancements in the

FIRELINK 2000

clock

processing. Some older radio products permitted only master radios or hub radios use

DTE

timing and all radios at a hub site take timing from the same source. These

restrictions have been eliminated.

Table 4-22. System Timing Selections for Typical Applications

App lic ation Recommended System Timing Configuration

Dedicated LAN to LAN Connections

Many timing or use timing from the normally se t up to ta ke timing from their the routers or bridges would be set for external timing. One

2000

radio is set to internal clock (CLKINT). The other radio should be se t for Link Clock (CLKLINK) which uses the clock recovered from the received RF s i gnal .

Some models of routers and bridges ca n provide timing from an internal clock. If one of the routers is the source of system timing, the routers and radios should be configured in the fashion described below for multiplexers .

devices s uch as routers and bridges ca n either provide

DTE

interface. These devices are

DTE

interface. In this case,

DTE

FIRELINK

radio is selected to provide timing for all other devices. This

Video Conferencing

Multiplexers or

PBX

Video teleconferencing units usually re quire a n external bit timing clock. In this ap plica tion, one provide timing for all other devices. This radio is set to internal clock (CLKINT ). The other radio should be set for Link Clock (CLKLINK), which uses the clock recovered from the received RF signal.

When the radio is connected to a multiplexer, one of the multiplexers is normally the source of timing. In this case, the radio connected to the multiplexer that is the sou rce of timing should be se t for (CLKDTE). The far end radio should be se t for Link Clock (CLKLINK), which uses the clock recovered from the received s i gnal . The configured to ta ke timing from its

unit connected to the far end radio is normally

DTE

FIRELINK 2000

interface.

DTE

radio is selected to

timing

DTE

4.7. 6.1 TT and S T Clo ck P hase Select ion

FIRELINK 2000 TT

clock. ST and TT clocks are standard methods of clocking data between the

DTE

devices. If the user desires to use ST clocking, the configuration screen can be used

to select normal (STNORM) or inverted (STINV) ST clock. If the

supports both ST and TT clocking with or without automatic selection of

DCE

and

FIRELINK 2000

is in CLKINT or CLKLINK mode and detects a clock on the TT lead, it automatically selects this clock to load transmit data into its transmit buffer. Using the CLKINTST or CLKLINKST modes will disable the automatic switching and always use the ST signal for clocking data into the radio, even if a TT signal is present. Receive Timing (RT) is always used to clock the receive data unless the radio is in CLKLOC mode.

4-36 Section 4 System Planning

FIRELINK 2000 Installation and Operation Manual

YOMN 4850-001 Rev A

clocking, the older method, is supported by all

DTE

devices and can be selected by using the CLKINTST or CLKLINKST modes. It is not recommended if TT clock is available. Figure 4–10a shows how ST clocking works. The clock and uses it to clock data (RD) toward the passed to the

DTE

. The other direction (TD). The load the data from the

clocking is based upon the assumption that there is very little delay between when the

clock changes state and the new TD data bit arrives at the or the delay in the data may arrive at the

DTE

is expected to use the RT clock to clock the data out in the

DCE

device uses the ST clock (which is the same as RT) to

DTE

device into the

DTE

increases, this assumption may no longer be valid and the

DCE

device at the same time that the ST clock is changing states.

DTE

. Both the RT lead and RD lead are

FI RE LINK 2000

DCE

device generates the

transmit buffer.

DCE

. As the cable length

This is particularly true for higher data rates. It is also possible to have an interface that works well at installation but starts making errors as the temperature and delays change. If ST timing must be used and bit errors are occurring at the interface, the user can solve the problem by selecting inverted ST clock phasing on the configuration screen.

Clocking is the recommended method if it is supported by the DTE equipment. Figure 4–10b shows how it works. In this case the

DCE

the

device over the TT lead. The advantage of this method is that the clock goes

DTE

device returns the ST(or RT) clock to

over the same cable as the data and therefore has the same delay. The user can choose

clocking by simply connecting the TT wire in the interface cable and selecting CLKINT or CLKLINK mode. The

FIRELINK 2000

radio will automatically use the

clock if it detects transitions on the TT lead.

FIRELINK

TD RD

4- 10a ST Timin

Data

Clock ST

DTE

FIRELINK

* Loop with

either

4- 10b TT Timing

Data

TD RD

Clock ST TT RT

ST or RT as TT

DTE

Timin

Loop*

Figure 4–10. Clock Phase Examples

4.7 .7 Radio Burst Coordination Paramete r s

Three parameters are used to cause the data bursts of the radios to occur at the proper time. The link burst sync master choice affects burst coordination between the two radios in a particular link. The burst sync source affects burst coordination between all radios at a particular hub site. The burst sync cable termination provides proper signal termination on the cable used at hub sites for burst sync timing distribution.

Section 4.6 discusses important planning issues for burst sync coordination

Section 4 System Planning 4-37

FIRELINK 2000 Installation and Operation Manual

YOMN 4850-001 Rev A

4.7.7.1 Link Burst Sync Mode and Burst Sync Source

FIRELINK 2000

The

radio uses time division duplexing (TDD) method of duplex operation. This means that the radio alternates between transmitting and receiving bursts of data. It is necessary to coordinate the burst times between the two radios in a particular link. This is done by designating one radio to be a Master unit and the other a Slave unit with respect to burst control.

The Master radio transmits continuous bursts while the Slave transmits only in response to a received burst from the Master. For every link, one radio must be configured as a

Master

and the other as a

. For point-to-point applications the selection of which

Slave

radio is Master and which is Slave is arbitrary. The hub radios in a hub network must all be Masters and the radios at the remote sites must all be Slaves. See Section 4.2.2 for information concerning this setting for the repeater application.

If two radios are located at the same site (hub and repeater applications), it is important that the radios should transmit at the same time in order to eliminate interference between the radios at that site. This parameter determines the timing used to synchronize the communication bursts. The burst synchronization can be set to either

timing

external burst timing

internal burst

One radio at the hub site should be selected to provide burst sync timing to the other radios at the hub site. This radio is set to internal burst timing. All other radios at the hub site are set to external burst timing.

Notice that external burst timing is required only for repeater and hub applications and that radios using external burst timing must always also be Master radios. Therefore the setting of TDD mode (Master/Slave) and burst sync source are combined into one setting as shown in Table 4-23.

Table 4-23. TDD/Burst Sync Mode Settings

Setting Application

Mast/Int Use at one end of a point to point link. Use in first radio at hub site. Mast/Ext Use for all but first radio at hub site. See Figure 4–2 for repe ater

application.

Slave/Int Use at one end of a point to point link. Use at all remote sites in a hub

application. See Figure 4–2 for repeater application.

0 The radio providing burst sync timing may be either a

SKYPLEX

radio. The Burst Sync Type parameter on any

FIRELINK 2000

or an older

radio using

external burst sync must be set to indicate the format of the incoming burst sync signal.

FIRELINK 2000

The

BSRJ45 FIRELINK 2000

. A common cable can also be used to connect the burst sync lines of a

and

SKYPLEX I

and

SKYPLEX I

use RS485 signaling and can be selected by entering

. The

SKYPLEX SS

radio uses RS232 signaling and

4-38 Section 4 System Planning

FIRELINK 2000 Installation and Operation Manual

YOMN 4850-001 Rev A

requires and external RS232 to RS485 converter and the command

BSBNC.

See Section

4.6 for more details.

4.7. 7.2 Burst S ync Cabl e Termin at ion

As discussed in Section 4.6 the cable used to distribute the burst sync signal between radios at a hub or repeater site must be terminated at the last radio in the burst sync distribution chain. The termination is built into the radio and is set on the configuration screens, with the use of the TERM command.

Section 4 System Planning 4-39

5. Installation and Setup

This section describes how to:

install

•

configure

•

cable

•

FI RE LINK 2000

the

This product requires installation by a trained professional when used in the USA. The equipment and installation must comply with FCC part 15 regulations and it is the responsibility of the installer to ensure the system configuration is in compliance with these regulations. For specific details of regulatory information, please see the Regulatory Notices at the front of this manual.

5.1 System Setup

Your standard shipping container has the following items:

Spread Spectrum radios.

For use in the USA

One or two

•

Manual

•

AC power cord (US Standard)

•

Table top mounting rubber feet

•

Mating connector for DC power

•

Spare AC fuses

•

The shipping container may also contain any of the following optional items:

Rack mount brackets

•

Appropriate data cable to connect the data equipment to the radio

•

An RS232 to RS-485 converter assembly for burst sync signal connections

•

( hub or repeater applications) when using with old Directional antennas, RF coaxial cable and "N" connectors to connect the

•

antenna to radio Repeater application interconnect data cable

•

Administration port cable

•

FI RE LINK 2000

radios

SKYPLEX SS

DTE

port

radios.

Section 5 Installation and Setup 5-1

FIRELINK 2000 Installation and Operation Manual

YOMN 4850-001 Rev A

Low gain lab test antennas

•

Lightning protection devices.

•

The test antennas which can be connected directly to the useful for bench testing and setting up the link parameters

FIRELINK 2000

before

actual link installation.

units are very

Short RF test cables with attenuators can also be very useful for lab testing. Check your packing list to ensure that items have been received. Contact

LNL

or the local

distributor from whom you acquired this equipment if anything outlined above is missing.

5.2 Terminal Connections for Unit Setup

All configuration, or setup of the terminal or an optional LCD/keypad interface. These interfaces enable users to enter information about the

FIRELINK 2000

provide an list of the available commands as well as information concerning the current settings.

The terminal connected to the or any device capable of emulating an ASCII terminal. Typically, a laptop or desktop PC-compatible computer with terminal emulation software is used.

The terminal (or laptop computer) may be connected directly to the either the “ADMIN” connector on the non-I/O panel or the “ADMIN IN” ( RJ-48) connector on the I/O panel. The “ADMIN” connector on the non-I/O panel is a 9-pin Dtype connector as shown in Figure 5–1.

FIRELINK 2000

into the radio databases. Both interface menus

FIRELINK 2000

is performed using the ADMINistration

must be an ASCII terminal or equivalent,

FIRELINK 2000

ADMIN

Pin 5

Pin 9

Figure 5–1. ADMIN Connector on the Non-I/O Panel

The “ADMIN” connector on the I/O panel is an eight-pin RJ-48 connector as shown in Figure 5–2. There are two “ADMIN” connectors on the I/O panel. The terminal should be connected to the “ADMIN IN” connector. The “ADMIN OUT” connector is for future use.

5-2 Section 5 Installation and Setup

Pin 1

Pin 6

FIRELINK 2000 Installation and Operation Manual

ADMIN

YOMN 4850-001 Rev A

Pin 1

OUT

Figure 5–2. ADMIN Connector Non-I/O Panel

The electrical interfaces for the ADMIN ports are RS-232 three-wire asynchronous, wired to operate as a DCE.

Pin assignments for the ADMIN connectors are given in Table 5-1.

Table 5-1. FIRELINK 2000 ADMIN Assignments

Pin Assignment DB-9 Pin No. RJ-48C Pin No

TXD 2 6 RXD 3 5

GND 5 4

The following tables (Table 5-2, Table 5-3, Table 5-4 and Table 5-5) provide cable pinouts required to interface the front or rear panel ADMIN connectors for commonly used DTE and DCE connectors.

Section 5 Installation and Setup 5-3

FIRELINK 2000 Installation and Operation Manual

YOMN 4850-001 Rev A

Table 5-2. DB-25, DTE to FIRELINK 2000 ADMIN Cable Pinout

DTE (Terminal or

DCE FIRELINK 2000

Modem)

DB-25 DB-9 RJ-48

Pin 2 Pin 3 Pin 6 Pin 3 Pin 2 Pin 5 Pin 7 Pin 5 Pin 4

Table 5-3. DB-9, DTE to FIRELINK 2000 ADMIN Cable Pinout

DTE (Terminal or

DCE FIRELINK 2000

Modem)

DB-9 DB-9 RJ-48

Pin 3 Pin 3 Pin 6 Pin 2 Pin 2 Pin 5 Pin 5 Pin 5 Pin 4

Table 5-4. DB-25, DCE to FIRELINK 2000 ADMIN Cable Pinout

DCE (Terminal or

DCE FIRELINK 2000

Modem)

DB-25 DB-9 RJ-48

Pin 2 Pin 2 Pin 5 Pin 3 Pin 3 Pin 6 Pin 7 Pin 5 Pin 4

Table 5-5. RJ-48, DCE to FIRELINK 2000 ADMIN Cable Pinout

DCE (Terminal or

DCE FIRELINK 2000

Modem)

RJ-48 DB-9 RJ-48

Pin 6 Pin 2 Pin 5 Pin 5 Pin 3 Pin 6 Pin 4 Pin 5 Pin 4

5-4 Section 5 Installation and Setup

FIRELINK 2000 Installation and Operation Manual

YOMN 4850-001 Rev A

The “ADMIN” terminal should be set for:

9600 baud

•

no echo

•

no parity

•

8 data bits

•

1 stop bit

•

Remote connection to the ADMIN Interface can be accomplished by attaching a telephone line modem or telnet server to either ADMIN port.

Section 5 Installation and Setup 5-5

FIRELINK 2000 Installation and Operation Manual

YOMN 4850-001 Rev A

5.3 Configuration Settings

FIRELINK 2000

The

FIRELINK 2000

is used to display a summary of the six screens and the commands used to display each screen. If the terminal is connected to the radio is powered on, the completes the power-on diagnostics. If the terminal is connected to an already running

FIRELINK 2000

. The use of the screens is described in the following sections.

5.3.1 Radio Main Menu

Firelink RADIO MAIN MENU

radio has six adminstration screens which are used to configure the

radio settings and to veiw the current radio status. The

FIRELINK 2000

RADIO MAIN MENU

radio, type the

return key

or type

will be displayed after the radio

‘MAIN’

to display the

RADIO MAIN

radio before the

RADIO MAIN

CFG Configuration BSCFG Burst Sync Configuration PWR Power Alarm Configuration ALARM Alarms STATUS Operation Status DIAG Diagnostics

Firelink Radio Code Version: V02.01.00 CTU Hardware Version: 1.8 RFM Hardware Version: 1.0 RFM Software Version: Not Applicable

Figure 5–3. FIRELINK 2000 Main Menu Screen

5-6 Section 5 Installation and Setup

FIRELINK 2000 Installation and Operation Manual

Table 5-6. FIRELINK 2000 Radio Main Menu Data Fields

Commands Description

YOMN 4850-001 Rev A

Configuration

Burst Syn c Configuration

Power Alarm Configuration

Alarms

Operations Status

CFG C onfigure and view radio Power, Channel, PN

Sequence, Data Rate, DTE Interface, DTE Clock Source and ST Clock Phase settings. Burst sync source information is also displa ye d.

BSCFG Configure and view T DD Mode / Burst Sync

Source, Burst Sync Type, and Burst Sync Termination.

PWR Configure and view radio power supply alarm

settings and current power supply alarm states.

ALARM View current alarm states for the Major Alarms,

which include Radio Sync, Transmit, TT Fail, Burst Sync, Far End Major Alarm and Unit alarms. Also displays a s ummary of the current Minor Alarms which include Receive Level Alarm, Power alarm, and Far End Power alarm states.

STATUS Displays the current state of the TT line, Burst

Sync, Local and Far End RSSI values, Local and Far End User Alarm sensors, Major and Minor Alarm states and whether there is an active Dia gnostic r unni ng. Also provi de s a c omma nd to save the current local and far end RSSI values as refere nce v a lu e s.

Diagnostics

DIAG Conf i gure and view cu r r ent di agno st ic setti ngs,

including Near End and Far End Loopback status, V.54 Loopback s tatus , and Transmit test mode state.

Section 5 Installation and Setup 5-7

FIRELINK 2000 Installation and Operation Manual

YOMN 4850-001 Rev A

5.3.2 Configuration Menu

Firelink RADIO CONFIGURATION MENU

Transmit Power POWER <number> Channel # CHAN <number> PN Sequence # PNSEQ <number> Data Rate Nx56k Nx64k DTE IFC V35/V11 OLDV35 RS422 RS232 EIA530 X21 DTE Clk Source CLKDTE CLKLink CLKInt CLKLoc CLKLinkST CLKIntS ST Clk Phase STNORM STINV

----------------------------------------------------------------------------- CURRENT CONFIGURATION

Trans Chan PN Seq Data DTE ST Clk Power # # Rate IFC Phase

0dBm 1 1 512k V.11 Norm

Clock Source: Internal TDD Mode/Source: Slave/Int

Figure 5–4. FIRELINK 2000 Radio Configuration Menu

Table 5-7. FIRELINK 2000 Radio Conf igurati o n Data Fields

Data Field Command Description

Transmit Power

POWER <number>

Sets the Transmit Power level. The number can be any even number value from 0 to 28. (e.g. 0, 2, 4 … 28)

Sets the RF channel number to 0 o r 1 through N,

Channel #

(default 20 dBm) CHAN <number>

where N varies with data rate. For channel plan details , se e s e c tion 4.7.

Possible values: the screen indicates the allowable

PN Sequence #

Data Rate

(default 1)

PNSEQ <number> (default 1)

Nx56k Sets the data rate to a multiple of 56 kbps. For

range for the parti c u la r d a ta rate . Sets the PN sequence number.

Possible values : 1 through 8.

example, for the 128S model radio this s ele ction would result in a data rate of two times 56k or 112 kbps.

Nx64k

Sets the data rate to a multiple of 64 kbps. For example, for the 128S model radio this s ele ction would result in a data rate of two times 64k or 128

(default)

5-8 Section 5 Installation and Setup

kbps.

FIRELINK 2000 Installation and Operation Manual

YOMN 4850-001 Rev A

1200 Used for 1,200 bps synchronous applica tions.

Available on the model 24-64S and 23-64S radios only.

DTE IFC

2400

Used for 2,400 bps synchronous applica tions. Available on the model 24-64S and 23-64S radios only.

4800 Used for 4,800 bps synchronous applica tions.

Available on the model 24-64S and 23-64S radios only.

9600 Used for 9,600 bps synchronous applica tions.

Available on the model 24-64S and 23-64S radios only.

19200 Used for 19,200 bps synchronous applications.

Available on the model 24-64S and 23-64S radios only.

V35/V11 (default)

Selects V.11 electronic DTE interface with a V.35 (M34) connector. V.11 is the new electrical interface for V.35.

OLDV35 Selects the old V.35 electrical interface with the

V.35 (M34) connector.

DTE Clk Source

RS-422 Selects the RS-422 electrical interface with the 25-

pin D connector and RS-449 handshake lead processing.

RS-232 Selects the RS-232 electrical interface with the 25-

pin D connector and RS-232 handshake lead processing.

: This interface is only available for the 24-

Note

64S and 23-64S radios.

EIA530 Selects the RS-422 electrical interface with the 25-

pin D connector and EIA-530 handshake lead processing.

CLKDT E T he transmit clock is take n from the TT input on

the user data terminal interface. If the TT signal is abse nt or is not adequate , then the radio will activate a major alarm.

Section 5 Installation and Setup 5-9

FIRELINK 2000 Installation and Operation Manual

YOMN 4850-001 Rev A

CLKLink The ST transmit clock is tak en from the cloc k

derived from the received RF signal. If a signal is received on the TT clock line, the radio will automatically as s ume TT timing and use the TT clock.

CLKInt (default)

The ST transmit clock is tak en from the fixed internal os c illa tor. If a signal is received on the TT clock line, the radio will automatic a lly a s s ume TT timing and use the TT clock.

CLKLoc The transmit clock is derived from the TT input

on the user data terminal interface. The receive clock RT is derived from TT and then used to clock the receive data. If the TT signal is absent or is not adequate , then the radio will activa te a major alarm.

ClkLink/ST The ST transmit clock is tak en from the cloc k

derived from the received RF signal and the TT s i gnal is a lwa ys ignored .

ClkInt/ST The ST transmit clock is ta ke n from the fixed

internal os c illa tor and the TT s ignal is always ignored.

5-10 Section 5 Installation and Setup

FIRELINK 2000 Installation and Operation Manual

YOMN 4850-001 Rev A

ST Clock Phase

STNORM (default)

The ST clock has rising edges coincident with the data transitions.

STIN V The ST cl oc k ha s r is ing e dge s at t he mi d-po int of

the data transitions.

Table 5-8. FIRELINK 2000 Radio Configuration Status In formation

Current Configuration Information

The following configuration status information is provide d:

Trans Power Chan # PN SEQ # Data Rate DTE IFC ST Clk Phase

Reflects the current transmit power setting. Reflects the current channel number setting. Reflects the PN Sequence number setting. Reflects the current data rate s e tting. Reflects the current DTE interface type selection. Reflects the current ST clock phase setting.

Clock Source TDD Mode/Source

Reflects the current transmit clock source setting. Reflects the current Burst Sync source setting.

Refer to Footnote 1.

Section 5 Installation and Setup 5-11

FIRELINK 2000 Installation and Operation Manual

YOMN 4850-001 Rev A

5.3 . 3 Burst Sync Configuration Menu

Firelink RADIO BURST SYNC CONFIGURATION MENU

Tdd/Burst Sync Mode Mast/Int Mast/Ext Slave/Int Burst Sync Type BSBNC BSRJ45 Burst Sync Termination TERM NOTERM

------------------------------------------------------------------------------ CURRENT CONFIGURATION

TDD Burst Sync Burst Sync Burst Sync Mode Source Termination Type

Slave Int NoTerm BSRJ45

Firelink 512S>

Figu re 5–5. FIRELINK 2000 Burst Sync Config uration Screen

5-12 Section 5 Installation and Setup

FIRELINK 2000 Installation and Operation Manual

YOMN 4850-001 Rev A

Table 5-9. FIRELINK 2000 Radio Bur st Sync Configuration Data Fiel ds

Data Field Commands Description

Tdd/Burst Sync Source

Burst Sync Type

Mast/Int Burst duration timing is taken from an internal

oscilla tor. T his se le ctio n is use d when the radio is the only rad io at the site or is the burst s ync timing source for other radios.

Mast/Ext Configures the radio to take burst duration sync

timing from its BURST SYNC IN external input.

Slave/Int (default)

BSBNC Confi gu res t he

Burst duration timing is taken from the received RF si gnal .

FIRELINK 2000

external burst sync signal provided by a

or compatible radio when the burst sync

to accept an

Skyplex

source is set for external. If this signal is using RS232 level signaling, an external RS232 ro RS485 converter is required.

BSRJ45

Configures the

FIRELINK 2000

to accept an

external burst sync signal provided by a

(default)

FIRELINK 2000, Skyplex SS

or compatible radio when the burst sync source is s et for external.

Burst Syn c Termination

TERM

The radio provides a termination res is tor for the burst sync bus. This is the proper setting for the

(default)

last radio in the burst sync chain.

NOTERM The radio does not provide a termination resistor

for the burst sync bus.

Section 5 Installation and Setup 5-13

FIRELINK 2000 Installation and Operation Manual

YOMN 4850-001 Rev A

Table 5-10. FIRELINK 2000 Radio Burst Sy nc Configurati on Status Informati on

RADIO BURST SYNC CONFIGURATION Info rmation

The following configuration status information is provide d:

TDD Mode

Reflects whether the radio initiates d ata burs ts ( bursts in response to the reception of a data burst (

Burst Sync Source

Indi cates whe the r the b urst s ync signa l for t his rad io is bei ng generat ed internally or taken from another radio.

Burst Syn c

Reflects the current burst synchronization termination setting.

Termination Burst Sync Type

Indicates what type of signal is providing burst sync. This parameter is active only when external burst sync is being used.

5.3 . 4 Power Alarm Configuration Menu

Firelink POWER ALARM CONFIGURATION MENU

Standard AC PS Alarm SPSEN SPSDIS Redundant AC PS Alarm RPSEN RPSDIS DC Input A Alarm DCAEN DCADIS DC Input B Alarm DCBEN DCBDIS

Master

Slave

) or sends data

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------

- CURRENT CONFIGURATION

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------

- STD AC Redundant AC DC DC Power Supply Power Supply Input A Input B

Detected: Yes No No No

Alarm: Disabled Disabled Disabled Disabled

Figure 5–6. FIRELINK 2000 Radio A larm Configuration Screen

5-14 Section 5 Installation and Setup

FIRELINK 2000 Installation and Operation Manual

YOMN 4850-001 Rev A

Table 5-11. FIRELINK 2000 Power Alarm Configuration Menu Data Fields

Data Field Commands Description

Standard AC PS Alarm

Redundant AC PS Alarm

DC Input A Alarm

DC Input B Alarm

SPSEN Provides ala rm capab ility for the sta ndard AC

power supply. If the Power Supply is abs ent or failing, the alarm will be s ignaled.

SPSDIS

(default)

Disables alarming for the standard AC power supply. If the Power Supply is abse nt or failing no alarm will be declared.

RPSEN Provides alarm capability for the redundant AC

power supply. If the Power Supply is abs ent or failing, the alarm will be s ignaled.

RPSDIS

(default)

Disables alarming for the standard redundant AC power supply. If the Power Supply is abs ent or failing no alarm will be dec la red.

DCAEN Provides ala rm capability for the DC Input A

power supply. If the Power Supply is abs ent or failing, the alarm will be s ignaled.

DCADIS

(default)

Disables alarming for the standard DC Input A power supply. If the Power Supply is abs ent or failing no alarm will be dec la red.

DCBEN Provide s a larm capab ility for the DC Input B

power supply. If the Power Supply is abs ent or failing, the alarm will be s ignaled.

DCBDIS

(default)

Disables alarming for the standard DC Input B power supply. If the Power Supply is abs ent or failing no alarm will be dec la red.

Section 5 Installation and Setup 5-15

FIRELINK 2000 Installation and Operation Manual

YOMN 4850-001 Rev A

Table 5-12. FIRELINK 2000 Power Alarm Configuration Menu Status Information

POWER ALARM CONFI GURATION MENU

The following configuration status information is provide d:

STD AC Power Supply

Redundant AC Power Supply

DC Input A DC Input B

Indicates if power in the standard AC power supply has bee n detected.

Indicates if power in the redundant AC power supply has been detected.

Indicates if power in the standard DC power supply has bee n detected. Indicates if power in the redundant DC power supply has been detected.

5-16 Section 5 Installation and Setup

5.3.5 Radio Alarm s

Firelink RADIO ALARMS

Enable ACO: ACO Clear Alarm History: ALARMCLR

------------------------------------------------------------------------------ MAJOR ALARMS

------------------------------------------------------------------------------ SYNC XMT TT Fail BS UNIT FE MJR

ACT - - - - -

------------------------------------------------------------------------------ MINOR ALARMS

------------------------------------------------------------------------------ RCV PWR FAR END PWR

- - -

MAJOR ALARM: ACT MINOR ALARM: - Active Diagnostic: FAR END MAJOR ALARM: -

FIRELINK 2000 Installation and Operation Manual

YOMN 4850-001 Rev A

Firelink 512S>

Figure 5–7. FIRELINK 2000 Radio Alarms Screen

Table 5-13. FIRELINK 2000 Radio Alarms Data Fields

Data Field Commands Description

Enable ACO Clear A larm History

ACO Clears the signals on the exterior alarm output. ALARMCLR Removes history (HST) alarm indica tion from

fields displaying historical alarms.

Section 5 Installation and Setup 5-17

FIRELINK 2000 Installation and Operation Manual

YOMN 4850-001 Rev A

Table 5-14. FIRELINK 2000 Radio Alarms Informatio n

RADIO AL ARMS Information

The following RADIO ALARMS status information is provided:

“ACT” “—“ “ACO”

The Alarm is currently Active, and the Alarm Relay is Closed.

A dash indicates that the Alarm is not Active, and the Alarm Relay is Open.

Alarm Cut Off indicates that the Alarm is Active, but it has been but off and the Alarm

Relay (mayor or minor) is now open. The ACO state ca n be achieved by pressing the ACO switch on the panel of the radio or by issuing the ACO command on the LCD or the Admin screen.

“HST”

The historical state shows that the Alarm was previously active, but now is inactive. HST

can be cleared using the ALARMCLR command.

MAJOR ALARMS SYNC

The following alarm s ar e in the Major Alarm gr oup.

“ACT” indicates that the radios are not in RF sync. “— “ indicates that the radios are in RF sync. “HST”, “ACO”. See above .

XMT

“ACT” indicates that the RF Power Amplifier is not operational. “—“ indicate s that the RF Power Amplifier is operatio nal. “HST”, “ACO”. See above .

TT Fail

This Alarm can be Active only on CLKDTE and CLKLOC clock modes.

“ACT” indicates the absence of the TT clock coming into the radio. “—“ indicates that the TT clock is present on the DTE interface. “HST”, “ACO”. See above .

Reflects the alarm state of the Burst Sync signal. “ACT” indicates the absence of the Burst Sync signal coming into the

radio. “—“ indicate s that there is activ ity on the Burst Sync s ignal and

therefore, there is no alarm. “HST”, “ACO”. See above .

5-18 Section 5 Installation and Setup

FIRELINK 2000 Installation and Operation Manual

RADIO AL ARMS Information

YOMN 4850-001 Rev A

UNIT

FE MJR

M INOR ALARMS RCV

“ACT” Will indicate that the radio failed under one of several

conditions:

- Self Tes t faile d, including RAM, ROM, NVRAM and auto load failure.

- Failure between the communication between the radio internal modules.

- It is als o us ed to displa y buffer overflow or underflow in the receive and transmit buffers.

“HST”, “ACO”. See above . “ACT” indicates that any member of the Major Alarm group from the

far end radio is in active alarm. “—“ indicates that there are no current alarms on the far end radio. “HST”, “ACO”. See above . “???” will be disp lay ed if the information from the far end radio has not

been retreived.

The following alarm s ar e in the Minor Alarm gr oup.

“ACT” indicates that the receive signal level (RSSI) is within 10dB of the thres hold sensitivity. This indicates low link margin. See sec tion 31

PWR

FAR END PWR

“—“ indicates that the received signal level (RSSI) is strong enough to sustain RF data reception.

“HST”, “ACO”. See above . “ACT” indicates that any of the “enabled” power supplies has failed.

“—“ indicates that all of the “enabled” power supplies are operational.

“HST”, “ACO”. See above . See previous power alarm se ction to disable certain Power supply

alarms and avoid undesirable a larm conditions. “ACT” indicates that any of the “enabled” power supplies on the far

end radio has failed. “—“ indicates that all of the “enabled” power supplies on the far end

radio are operational. “HST”, “ACO”. See above . “???” will be disp lay ed if the information from the far end radio has not

been retreived. See Section 5.3.4 to learn how to disable certain Power supply alarms

and avoid undesirable a larm conditions.

MAJOR ALARM

Section 5 Installation and Setup 5-19

“ACT” indicates that any member of the Major Alarm group is in

FIRELINK 2000 Installation and Operation Manual

YOMN 4850-001 Rev A

RADIO AL ARMS Information

active alarm. “—“ indicates that there is no current alarm. “HST”, “ACO”. See above .

M INOR ALARM

FAR END MAJOR ALARM

Active Diagnostic

“ACT” indicates that any member of the Minor Alarm group is in active alarm.

“—“ indicates that there is no current alarm. “HST”, “ACO”. See above .

“ACT” indicates that any member of the Major Alarm group from the far end radio is in active alarm.

“—“ indicates that there are no current alarms on the far end radio. “HST”, “ACO”. See above . “???” will be disp lay ed if the information from the far end radio has not

been retreived. “ACT” indicates ACT whenever there is any test running on either

radio of a link, like a loopback. “—“ indicates that no test is being performed. “HST”, “ACO”. Does not apply.

5-20 Section 5 Installation and Setup

5.3.6 Radio Status Screen

Firelink STATUS SCREEN

Save RSSI Reference Levels: SAVEREF

------------------------------------------------------------------------------ CURRENT STATUS

------------------------------------------------------------------------------ TT BS1 RSSI FAR END RSSI Current Ref (dBm) Current Ref (dBm) NO YES -64 >-58 -64 >-58

------------------------------------------------------------------------------ ALARM SENSORS LOCAL RADIO FAR END RADIO

------------------------------------------------------------------------------ #1 #2 #3 #1 #2 #3

Open Open Open Open Open Open

FIRELINK 2000 Installation and Operation Manual

YOMN 4850-001 Rev A

MAJOR ALARM: ACT MINOR ALARM: - Active Diagnostic: -

Firelink 512S>

Figure 5–8. FIRELINK 2000 Radio Status Screen

Table 5-15. FIRELINK 2000 Radio Status Data Fields

Data Field Commands Description

Save RSSI Reference Levels

SAVEREF Stores the current RSSI levels of both radios in

non-volatile memory and dis p lays this reference level on the STATUS Screen.

Section 5 Installation and Setup 5-21

FIRELINK 2000 Installation and Operation Manual

YOMN 4850-001 Rev A

Table 5-16. FIRELINK 2000 Radio Diagnostic Screen Status Information

Current STATU S Information

The following radio status information is provided:

CURRENT STATUS TT

BS1 RSSI

Current/Ref (dBm) FAR END RSSI

Current/Ref (dBm)

ALARM SENSORS

LOCAL RADIO #1

LOCAL RADIO #2

LOCAL RADIO #3

The following data reflect the current operating status of the radio.

Indicates whether a TT signal is present or not. Indicates whether or not a signal is present on the burst sync input 1.

Indicates the local radio’s current RSSI value and the previously stored refere nce RSSI value .

Indicates the Far End Radio’s current RSSI value and the previously stored reference RSSI value.

“???” will be disp lay ed if the information from the far end radio has not been retreived.

The fol lo wi ng s e nsors are us e r suppl ie d inputs which a re dis pl ayed in this sec tion.

Displays the state of the local radio’s number 1 contact. A contact can be either Open or Closed.

Displays the state of the local radio’s number 2 contact. A contact can be either Open or Closed.

Displays the state of the local radio’s number 3 contact. A contact can be either Open or Closed.

FAR END RADIO #1

FAR END RADIO #2

FAR END RADIO #3

Displays the state of the Far End radio’s number 1 contact. A contact can be either Open or Closed.

“???” will be disp lay ed if the information from the far end radio has not been retreived.

Displays the state of the Far End radio’s number 2 contact. A contact can be either Open or Closed.

“???” will be disp lay ed if the information from the far end radio has not been retreived.

Displays the state of the Far End radio’s number 3 contact. A contact can be either Open or Closed.

“???” will be disp lay ed if the information from the far end radio has not been retreived.

5-22 Section 5 Installation and Setup

5.3 .7 Radio Dia gnostic s S cree n

Firelink RADIO DIAGNOSTICS SCREEN

Loopback: LPON LPOFF FELPON FELPOFF Detect V.54 Loopback: V54EN V54DIS Transmit Test Mode: TXTESTON TXTESTOFF

------------------------------------------------------------------------------ DIAGNOSTICS STATUS

Near End Far End V.54 Loopback Transmit Loopback Loopback Enable Test Mode

------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Off Off DISABLED Off

FIRELINK 2000 Installation and Operation Manual

YOMN 4850-001 Rev A

Firelink 512S>

Figure 5–9. FIRELINK 2000 Radio Diagnostics Screen

Section 5 Installation and Setup 5-23

FIRELINK 2000 Installation and Operation Manual

YOMN 4850-001 Rev A

Table 5-17. FIRELINK 2000 Radio Diagnostics Data Fields

Data Field Commands Description

Loopback

Detect V.54 Loopback

LPON This activates a bi-directional loopback in the

local radio, with data looped toward the DTE interface and toward the far-end radio.

LPOFF

Loopbac k is deactivated.

(default) FEL PON

This activates a bi-directional loopback in the far end radio, with data looped toward the far end DTE interface and toward the local radio.

FEL POFF

Loopbac k at the far end radio is deactivated.

(default) V54EN Enables a radio to detec t V.54 ‘loopback on’ and

‘loopback off’ command signals in-band in the RF data stream. When the ‘loopback on’ command is received across the RF link, the radio will create a local loopback. If the command is received on the DTE interface, it will be tra nsported to the far end radio, which will then perform a bi-directional loopback.

V54DIS (default)

Disable s the radio’s a bility to de tec tV.54 s ignals from the air (RF) and will ignore this pa ttern, even if the V.54 patterns are present.

Transmit Test Mode

TXTESTON Causes the radio to emit a continuous trans mit

signal.

TXTESTOFF

The radio returns to the TDD default mode.

(default)

Table 5-18. FIRELINK 2000 Radio Diagnostic Screen Status Information

Current Diagnostic Information

The following configuration status information is provide d:

Near End Loopback Far End Loopback

Indicates whether or not the local radio is in loopback mode. Indicates whether or not the far end radio is in loopback mode. “???”

will be displayed if the information from the far end radio has not been retreived.

V.54 Loopback

Indicates the V.54 detect mode of the radio.

Enable Transmit Test mode

5-24 Section 5 Installation and Setup

Reflects the current state of the radio’s transmit test mode.

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