5-Bit VID Programmable Output Voltage: 0.6V to 1.75V
■
Dual N-Channel MOSFET Synchronous Drive
■
Programmable Output Offsets
■
Power Good Output Voltage Monitor
■
Wide VIN Range: 4V to 36V
■
±1% 0.6V Reference
■
Adjustable Frequency
■
Programmable Soft-Start
■
Output Overvoltage Protection
■
Optional Short-Circuit Shutdown Timer
■
Forced Continuous Control Pin
■
Logic Controlled Micropower Shutdown: IQ ≤ 30µA
■
Available in 0.209" Wide 28-Lead SSOP Package
U
APPLICATIOS
■
Power Supply for Mobile Pentium® Processors and
Transmeta Processors
■
Notebook and Portable Computers
with Internal Op Amp
U
DESCRIPTIO
The LTC®3714 is a synchronous step-down switching
regulator controller for CPU power. An output voltage
between 0.6V and 1.75V is selected by a 5-bit code (Intel
mobile VID specification). The controller uses a constant
on-time, valley current control architecture to deliver very
low duty cycles without requiring a sense resistor. Operating frequency is selected by an external resistor and is
compensated for variations in VIN and V
Discontinuous mode operation provides high efficiency
operation at light loads. A forced continuous control pin
reduces noise and RF interference and can assist secondary winding regulation by disabling discontinuous mode
when the main output is lightly loaded. Internal op amp
allows programmable offsets to the output voltage during
power saving modes.
Fault protection is provided by internal foldback current
limiting, an output overvoltage comparator and optional
short-circuit shutdown timer. Soft-start capability for supply sequencing is accomplished using an external timing
capacitor. The regulator current limit level is user programmable. Wide supply range allows operation from 4V
to 36V at the input.
, LTC and LT are registered trademarks of Linear Technology Corporation.
Pentium is a registered trademark of Intel Corporation.
OUT
.
TYPICAL APPLICATIO
INTV
CC
C
SS
0.1µF
C
C
5-BIT
VID
*OPTIONAL
LTC3714
PGOOD
RUN/SS
I
TH
R
C
SGND
VID4
VID3
VID2
VID1
VID0
BOOST
INTV
SENSE
V
OSENSE
Figure 1. High Efficiency Step-Down Converter
PGND
R
ON
I
ON
V
IN
TG
SW
CB, 0.22µF
D
CMDSH-3
CC
BG
+
B
C
VCC
4.7µF
M1
IRF7811
×2
M2
IRF7811
×3
0.003Ω*
L1
0.68µH
U
D1*
UPS840
+
3714 F01
10µF
35V
×4
C
OUT
270µF
2V
×4
V
IN
5V TO 24V
V
OUT
0.6V TO 1.75V
23A
Transient Response of 8A to 23A Output Load Step
1.395V
V
OUT
(1.35V)
50mV/DIV
1.213V
23A
I
LOAD
10A/DIV
8A
20µs/DIV
3714 TA03
3714f
1
LTC3714
WWWU
ABSOLUTE AXI U RATI GS
(Note 1)
Input Supply Voltage (VIN), ION..................36V to –0.3V
Boosted Topside Driver Supply Voltage
(BOOST) ................................................... 42V to –0.3V
SW, SENSE Voltages ................................... 36V to –5V
EXTVCC, (BOOST – SW), RUN/SS, VID0-VID4,
PGOOD, FCB Voltages ............................... 7V to –0.3V
Consult LTC Marketing for parts specified with wider operating temperature ranges.
ORDER PART
NUMBER
LTC3714EG
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
The ● denotes specifications which apply over the full operating
temperature range, otherwise specifications are TA = 25°C. VIN = 15V unless otherwise noted.
SYMBOLPARAMETERCONDITIONSMINTYPMAXUNITS
Main Control Loop
I
Q
V
FB
∆V
FB(LINEREG)
∆V
FB(LOADREG)
g
m(EA)
V
FCB
I
FCB
t
ON
t
ON(MIN)
t
OFF(MIN)
V
SENSE(MAX)
V
SENSE(MIN)
∆V
FB(OV)
∆V
FB(UV)
V
RUN/SS(ON)
Input DC Supply Current
Normal9002000µA
Shutdown Supply Current1530µA
Feedback Reference VoltageITH = 1.2V (Note 4)●0.5940.6000.606V
Feedback Voltage Line RegulationVIN = 4V to 30V (Note 4), ITH = 1.2V0.002%/V
Feedback Voltage Load RegulationITH = 0.5V to 1.9V (Note 4)●–0.05–0.3%
Error Amplifier TransconductanceITH = 1.2V (Note 4)●1.41.72ms
Forced Continuous Threshold●0.570.60.63V
Forced Continuous CurrentV
= 0.6V–1–2µA
FCB
On-TimeION = 60µA, VON = 1.5V200250300ns
Minimum On-TimeION = 180µA, VON = 0V50100ns
Minimum Off-TimeION = 60µA, VON = 1.5V250400ns
Maximum Current Sense ThresholdV
The ● denotes specifications which apply over the full operating
temperature range, otherwise specifications are TA = 25°C. VIN = 15V unless otherwise noted.
SYMBOLPARAMETERCONDITIONSMINTYPMAXUNITS
V
RUN/SS(LE)
V
RUN/SS(LT)
I
RUN/SS(C)
I
RUN/SS(D)
V
IN(UVLO)
V
IN(UVLOR)
TG R
UP
TG R
DOWN
BG R
UP
BG R
DOWN
TG t
r
TG t
f
BG t
r
BG t
f
Internal VCC Regulator
V
INTVCC
∆V
LDO(LOADREG)
V
EXTVCC
∆V
EXTVCC
∆V
EXTVCC(HYS)
PGOOD Output
∆V
FBH
∆V
FBL
∆V
FB(HYS)
V
PGL
VID DAC
V
VID(T)
I
VID(PULLUP)
V
VID(PULLUP)
I
VID(LEAK)
R
VID
∆V
OSENSE
RUN Pin Latchoff Enable ThresholdRUN/SS Pin Rising44.5V
RUN Pin Latchoff ThresholdRUN/SS Pin Falling3.54.2V
Soft-Start Charge Current–0.5–1.2–3µA
Soft-Start Discharge Current0.81.83µA
Undervoltage Lockout ThresholdVIN Falling●3.43.9V
Undervoltage Lockout ThresholdVIN Rising●3.54V
TG Driver Pull-Up On ResistanceTG High23Ω
TG Driver Pull-Down On ResistanceTG Low23Ω
BG Driver Pull-Up On ResistanceBG High34Ω
BG Driver Pull-Down On ResistanceBG Low12Ω
TG Rise TimeC
TG Fall TimeC
BG Rise TimeC
BG Fall TimeC
Internal VCC Voltage6V < VIN < 30V, V
Internal VCC Load RegulationICC = 0mA to 20mA, V
EXTVCC Switchover VoltageICC = 20mA, V
EXTVCC Switch Drop VoltageICC = 20mA, V
VID0-VID4 Logic Threshold Voltage0.41.22V
VID0-VID4 Pull-Up CurrentV
VID0-VID4 Pull-Up VoltageV
VID0-VID4 Leakage CurrentV
Resistance from V
OSENSE
to V
FB
DAC Output AccuracyV
to V
VID0
VID0
VID0
= 0V–2.5µA
VID4
to V
Open4.5V
VID4
to V
VID4
= 5V, V
= 0V0.011µA
RUN/SS
61014 KΩ
Programmed from–0.4500.25%
OSENSE
0.6V to 1.75V (Note 5)
VIN = 5V unless otherwise noted.
Internal Op Amp
V
OS
I
OS
I
B
Input Offset Voltage4001000µV
Input Offset Current410 nA
Input Bias Current4580nA
CMRRCommon Mode Rejection RatioVCM = 0V to (VCC – 1V)100dB
= 0V to 18V80dB
V
CM
3714f
3
LTC3714
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
The ● denotes specifications which apply over the full operating
temperature range, otherwise specifications are TA = 25°C. VIN = 5V unless otherwise noted.
SYMBOLPARAMETERCONDITIONSMINTYPMAXUNITS
PSRRPower Supply Rejection RatioOPVIN = 3V to 12.5V, OP
A
VOL
V
OL
V
OH
I
SC
I
S
Note 1: Absolute Maximum Ratings are those values beyond which the life
of a device may be impaired.
Note 2: The LTC3714E is guaranteed to meet performance specifications
from 0°C to 70°C. Specifications over the –40°C to 85°C operating
temperature range are assured by design, characterization and correlation
with statistical process controls.
Note 3: T
dissipation P
LTC3714EG: TJ = TA + (PD • 130°C/W)
Large-Signal Voltage GainOPVIN = 5V, OP
Output Voltage Swing LOWOPVIN = 5V, I
Output Voltage Swing HIGHOPVIN = 5V, I
Short-Circuit CurrentShort to GND30mA
Short to OPV
Supply Current170300µA
is calculated from the ambient temperature TA and power
J
as follows:
D
= 500mV to 4.5V, RL = 10k1500V/mV
OUT
= 5mA●165500mV
SINK
SOURCE
IN
= VO = 1V100dB
OUT
= 5mA●4.54.87V
40mA
Note 4: The LTC3714 is tested in a feedback loop that adjusts V
achieve a specified error amplifier output voltage (I
Note 5: The LTC3714 VID DAC is tested in a feedback loop that adjusts
V
to achieve a specified feedback voltage (VFB = 0.6V) for each DAC
OSENSE
VID code.
).
TH
to
FB
4
3714f
UW
TYPICAL PERFOR A CE CHARACTERISTICS
Transient Response
Transient Response
(Discontinuous Mode)
LTC3714
Start-Up
V
OUT
50mV/DIV
I
L
5A/DIV
LOAD STEP 0A TO 10A
V
= 15V
IN
= 1.5V
V
OUT
FCB = 0V
FIGURE 1 CIRCUIT
Efficiency vs Load Current
95
90
85
80
EFFICIENCY (%)
75
70
0
VIN = 8.5V
VIN = 15V
VIN = 24V
V
= 1.35V
OUT
FREQUENCY = 300kHz
FIGURE 1 CIRCUIT
36912151821
LOAD CURRENT (A)
20µs/DIV
3714 G03
3714 G01
V
OUT
50mV/DIV
5A/DIV
I
L
LOAD STEP 1A TO 10A
V
= 15V
IN
= 1.5V
V
OUT
FCB = INTV
FIGURE 1 CIRCUIT
CC
20µs/DIV
3714 G02
RUN/SS
2V/DIV
V
OUT
500mV/DIV
5A/DIV
I
L
VIN = 15V
V
R
OUT
LOAD
= 1.25V
= 0.125Ω
Efficiency vs Input VoltageFrequency vs Input Voltage
100
90
80
EFFICIENCY (%)
70
60
0
I
= 10A
OUT
I
OUT
I
OUT
5101520
INPUT VOLTAGE (V)
= 1A
= 23A
2530
3714 G04
300
FCB = 0V
FIGURE 1 CIRCUIT
280
260
240
FREQUENCY (kHz)
220
200
5
10
INPUT VOLTAGE (V)
50ms/DIV3714 G19
I
= 10A
OUT
I
= 0A
OUT
15
20
3714 G05
25
Load Regulation
0
–0.1
(%)
–0.2
OUT
∆V
–0.3
–0.4
0
2
4
LOAD CURRENT (A)
FIGURE 1 CIRCUIT
NO AVP
6
8
3714 G06
Current Sense Threshold
ITH Voltage vs Load Current
2.5
FIGURE 1 CIRCUIT
2.0
1.5
CONTINUOUS
VOLTAGE (V)
1.0
TH
I
0.5
0
10
0
MODE
DISCONTINUOUS
MODE
5
LOAD CURRENT (A)
10
15
3714 G07
vs ITH Voltage
300
200
100
0
–100
CURRENT SENSE THRESHOLD (mV)
–200
0
1.01.52.0
0.5
ITH VOLTAGE (V)
RNG
=
2V
1.4V
1V
0.7V
0.5V
2.53.0
3714 G08
3714f
V
5
LTC3714
TEMPERATURE (°C)
–50
ON-TIME (ns)
200
250
300
2575
3714 G22
150
100
–250
50100 125
50
0
I
ION
= 30µA
V
VON
= 0V
UW
TYPICAL PERFOR A CE CHARACTERISTICS
On-Time vs ION Current
10k
1k
ON-TIME (ns)
100
10
1
ION CURRENT (µA)
Maximum Current Sense
Threshold vs V
300
250
200
150
100
50
V
= 0V
VON
10100
3714 G20
Voltage
RNG
On-Time vs VON VoltageOn-Time vs Temperature
1000
I
= 30µA
ION
800
600
400
ON-TIME (ns)
200
0
0
1
VON VOLTAGE (V)
Maximum Current Sense
Threshold vs RUN/SS Voltage
150
125
100
= 1V
V
RNG
75
50
25
2
3
3714 G21
Maximum Current Sense
Threshold vs Temperature
150
V
= 1V
RNG
140
130
120
110
MAXIMUM CURRENT SENSE THRESHOLD (mV)
0
0.5
0.75
1.01.251.5
V
VOLTAGE (V)
RNG
Feedback Reference Voltage
vs Temperature
0.62
0.61
0.60
6
0.59
FEEDBACK REFERENCE VOLTAGE (V)
0.58
–50
–2502550
TEMPERATURE (°C)
1.752.0
3714 G10
MAXIMUM CURRENT SENSE THRESHOLD (mV)
0
75 100 125
3714 G12
1.5
22.533.5
RUN/SS VOLTAGE (V)
MAXIMUM CURRENT SENSE THRESHOLD (mV)
3714 G23
100
–50 –25
0
TEMPERATURE (°C)
Error Amplifier gm vs Temperature
2.0
1.8
1.6
(mS)
m
g
1.4
1.2
1.0
–50 –25
0
TEMPERATURE (°C)
50
25
50
25
75
100
75
125
3714 G13
100
125
3714 G11
3714f
TEMPERATURE (°C)
–50 –25
0
EXTV
CC
SWITCH RESISTANCE (Ω)
4
10
0
50
75
3714 G14
2
8
6
25
100
125
UW
TYPICAL PERFOR A CE CHARACTERISTICS
LTC3714
Input and Shutdown Currents
vs Input Voltage
1200
1000
INPUT CURRENT (µA)
800
600
400
200
0
0
510
EXTVCC OPEN
SHUTDOWN
EXTVCC = 5V
1525
INPUT VOLTAGE (V)
FCB Pin Current vs Temperature
0
–0.25
–0.50
–0.75
–1.00
FCB PIN CURRENT (µA)
–1.25
203035
3714 G24
EXTVCC Switch Resistance
INTVCC Load Regulation
–0.1
–0.2
(%)
CC
–0.3
∆INTV
–0.4
–0.5
0
10
0
INTVCC LOAD CURRENT (mA)
30
40
20
50
3714 G25
60
50
SHUTDOWN CURRENT (µA)
40
30
20
10
0
vs Temperature
RUN/SS Pin Current
vs Temperature
3
2
PULL-DOWN CURRENT
1
0
FCB PIN CURRENT (µA)
–1
PULL-UP CURRENT
–1.50
5.0
4.5
4.0
3.5
RUN/SS THRESHOLD (V)
3.0
50100 125
–50
–250
2575
TEMPERATURE (°C)
RUN/SS Latchoff Thresholds
vs Temperature
LATCHOFF ENABLE
LATCHOFF THRESHOLD
–50
–2502550
TEMPERATURE (°C)
75 100 125
3714 G15
3714 G17
–2
–50 –25
0
TEMPERATURE (°C)
50
25
75
Undervoltage Lockout Threshold
vs Temperature
4.0
3.5
3.0
2.5
UNDERVOLTAGE LOCKOUT THRESHOLD (V)
2.0
–50
–2502550
TEMPERATURE (C)
75 100 125
100
125
3714 G16
3714 G18
3714f
7
LTC3714
UUU
PI FU CTIOS
BG (Pin 1): Bottom Gate Drive. Drives the gate of the
bottom N-channel MOSFET between ground and INTVCC.
PGND (Pin 2): Power Ground. Connect this pin closely to
the bottom of the sense resistor or if no sense resistor is
used, to the source of the bottom N-channel MOSFET, the
(–) terminal of C
SENSE (Pin 3): Current Sense Comparator Input. The (+)
input to the current comparator is normally connected to
the SW node unless using a sense resistor (see Applications Information).
SW (Pin 4): Switch Node. The (–) terminal of the bootstrap
capacitor CB connects here. This pin swings from a diode
voltage drop below ground up to VIN.
TG (Pin 5): Top Gate Drive. Drives the top N-channel
MOSFET with a voltage swing equal to INTVCC superimposed on the switch node voltage SW.
BOOST (Pin 6): Boosted Floating Driver Supply. The (+)
terminal of the bootstrap capacitor CB connects here. This
pin swings from a diode voltage drop below INTVCC up to
V
+ INTVCC.
IN
VID0-VID4 (Pins 7, 8, 9, 24, 25): VID Digital Inputs. The
voltage identification (VID) code sets the internal feedback
resistor divider ratio for different output voltages as shown
in Table 1. If unconnected, the pins are pulled high by
internal 2.5µA current sources.
RUN/SS (Pin 10): Run Control and Soft-Start Input. A
capacitor to ground at this pin sets the ramp time to full
output current (approximately 3s/µF) and the time delay
for overcurrent latchoff (see Applications Information).
Forcing this pin below 0.8V shuts down the device.
and the (–) terminal of CIN.
VCC
mum output current and can be set from 0.5V to 2V by a
resistive divider from INTVCC. The sense voltage defaults
to 70mV when this pin is tied to ground, 140mV when tied
to INTVCC.
I
(Pin 14): Current Control Threshold and Error Ampli-
TH
fier Compensation Point. The current comparator threshold increases with this control voltage. The voltage ranges
from 0V to 2.4V with 0.8V corresponding to zero sense
voltage (zero current).
OPVIN (Pin 15): Internal Op Amp Supply. Connect to
INTVCC or a separate supply greater than 5V.
OP– (Pin 16): Negative Input of the Internal Op Amp.
OP+ (Pin 17): Positive Input of the Internal Op Amp.
OPOUT (Pin 18): Output of the Internal Op Amp.
SGND (Pin 19): Signal Ground. All small-signal compo-
nents and compensation components should connect to
this ground, which in turn connects to PGND at one point.
FCB (Pin 20): Forced Continous Input. Tie this pin to
ground to force continuous synchronous operation at low
load, to INTVCC to enable discontinuous mode operation
at low load or to a resistive divider from a secondary output
when using a secondary winding.
ION (Pin 21): On-Time Current Input. Tie a resistor from
VIN to this pin to set the one-shot timer current and thereby
set the switching frequency.
VFB (Pin 22): Error Amplifier Feedback Input. This pin
connects to both the error amplifier input and to the output
of the internal resistive divider. It can be used to attach
additional compensation components if desired.
VON (Pin 11): On-Time Voltage Input. Voltage trip point for
the on-time comparator. Tying this pin to the output
voltage makes the on-time proportional to V
comparator input defaults to 0.7V when the pin is grounded,
2.4V when the pin is tied to INTVCC.
PGOOD (Pin 12): Power Good Output. Open drain logic
output that is pulled to ground when the output voltage is
not within ±10% of the regulation point.
V
(Pin 13): Sense Voltage Range Input. The voltage at
RNG
this pin is ten times the nominal sense voltage at maxi-
OUT
. The
8
V
OSENSE
voltage connects here to the input of the internal resistive
feedback divider.
EXTVCC (Pin 26): External V
ceeds 4.7V, an internal switch connects this pin to INTV
and shuts down the internal regulator so that controller
and gate drive power is drawn from EXTVCC. Do not exceed
7V at this pin and ensure that EXTVCC < VIN.
VIN (Pin 27): Main Input Supply. Decouple this pin to
SGND with an RC filter (1Ω, 0.1µF).
(Pin 23): Output Voltage Sense. The output
Input. When EXTVCC ex-
CC
CC
3714f
UUU
PI FUCTIOS
LTC3714
INTVCC (Pin 28): Internal 5V Regulator Output. The driver
and control circuits are powered from this voltage. De-
U
U
W
FU CTIO AL DIAGRA
R
ON
0.7V
11
1
tON = (10pF)
1.4V
V
RNG
13
0.7V
V
OST
ON
V
I
I
CMP
VON
ION
2.4V
21
+
–
X
(0.5 TO 2)
I
20k
FCB
1µA
20
4.7V
+
0.6V
+
–
F
ON
R
SQ
+
I
REV
–
couple this pin to power ground with a minimum of 4.7µF
tantalum or other low ESR capacitor.
V
IN
C
IN
M1
L1
V
OUT
+
C
M2
OUT
–
FCNT
SHDN
V
0.6V
REF
REG
27
IN
+
5V
BOOST
6
C
TG
B
5
SW
4
SENSE
3
INTV
CC
28
C
VCC
BG
1
PGND
2
PGOOD
12
EXTV
26
CC
ON
SWITCH
LOGIC
OV
240k
×5.3
3.3µA
V
OSENSE
1
Q4
Q2
Q6
Q3
Q1
+
0.8V
–
EA
–
+
0.6V
1V
Q5
+
OP AMP
–
0.4V
RUN
SHDN
RUN/SS
10
OPV
15
IN
OPOUT
18
SGND
19
SS
–
+
+
–
0.6V
C
C1
I
14
TH
R
C
+
OP
17
–
OP
16
UV
OV
1.2µA
0.54V
+
–
+
0.66V
–
6V
C
SS
R2
10k
5× (ALL VID PINS)
INTV
CC
VID
DAC
R1
2219
FB
23
2.5µA
7
8
9
24
25
SGNDV
3714 FD
VID0
VID1
VID2
VID3
VID4
3714f
9
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