Linamar ZX 170, ZX 340, ZX 280 Operator's Manual

PRINTED IN CANADA L965-0007 REV 1
Safety Precautions
Before operating the engine, read this manual and become familiar with it and the equipment. Safe and efficient operation can be achieved only if the equipment is properly operated and maintained.
The following symbols, found throughout this manual, alert you o potentially dangerous conditions to the operator, service personnel, or the equipment.
DANGER This symbol warns of immediate
hazards which will result in severe personal injury or death.
WARNING This symbol refers to a hazard or
unsafe practice which can result in severe personal injury or death.
CAUTION This symbol refers to a hazard or
unsafe practice which can result in personal injury or product or property damage.
Fuels, electrical equipment, batteries, exhaust gases and moving parts present potential hazards that can result in severe personal injury. Take care in following these recommended procedures. All local, state and federal codes should be consulted and complied with.
WARNING This engine is not designed or
intended for 'se in any type of aircraft. Use of this engine in aircraft can result in engine failure and cause severe personal injury 'r death.
GENERAL
.Provide appropriate fire extinguishers and install them in convenient locations. Use an extinguisher rated ABC by NFPA.
.Make sure that all fasteners on the engine are secure and accurately torqued. Keep guards in position over fans, driving belts, etc.
.If it is necessary to make adjustments while the engine is running, use extreme caution while close to hot exhausts, moving parts, etc.
.Used engine oils have been identified by some state and federal agencies as causing cancer or reproductive toxicity. When checking or changing engine oil, take care not to ingest, breathe the fumes, or contact used oil.
.Do not work on this equipment when mentally or physically fatigued, or after consuming any alcohol or drug that makes the operation of equipment unsafe.
BATTERIES
.Before starting to work on the engine, disconnect batteries to prevent inadvertent starting of the engine. Disconnect negative (-) cable first.
.DO NOT SMOKE while servicing batteries. Lead acid batteries give off a highly explosive hydrogen gas which can be ignited by flame, electrical arcing or by smoking.
.Verify battery polarity before connecting battery cables. Connect negative (-) cable last.
PROTECT AGAINST MOVING PARTS
Do not wear loose clothing in the vicinity of moving parts, such as PTO shafts, flywheels, blowers, couplings, fans. belts, etc.
Keep your hands away from moving parts.
FUEL SYSTEM.
DO NOT fill fuel tanks while engine is running.
DO NOT smoke or use an open flame in the vicinity
of the engine or fuel tank. Internal combustion engine fuels are highly flammable
Fuel line must be of steel piping, adequately secure, and free from leaks. Piping at the engine should be approved flexible line. Do not use copper piping for flexible lines as copper will work harden and become brittle enough to break.
Be sure all fuel supplies have a positive shutoff valve.
Benzene and lead, found in some gasoline, have been identified by some state and federal agencies as causing cancer or reproductive toxicity. When checking, draining or adding gasoline, take care not to ingest, breathe the fumes, or contact the gasoline.
EXHAUST SYSTEM
Exhaust products of any internal combustion engine are toxic and can cause injury, or death if inhaled. When operating the engine in a confined area, make sure the ventilation system is operating properly.
DO NOT use exhaust gases to heat a compartment.
Make sure that your exhaust system is free of leaks.
Make sure that exhaust manifolds are secure and are not warped by bolts unevenly torqued.
EXHAUST GAS IS DEADLY!
Exhaust gases contain carbon monoxide, a poisonous gas that can cause unconsciousness and death. It is an odorless and colorless gas formed during combustion of hydrocarbon fuels. Symptoms of carbon monoxide poisoning are:
Dizziness. Muscular Twitching.
Vomiting. Weakness and sleepiness
Headache. Throbbing in Temples .
If you experience any of these symptoms, get out into fresh air immediately, shut down the unit and do not use it until it has been inspected.
The best protection against carbon monoxide inhalation is proper installation and regular, frequent inspections of the complete exhaust system. If you notice a change in the sound or appearance of exhaust system, shut the unit down immediately and have it inspected and repaired by a competent mechanic.
KEEP THE UNIT AND SURROUNDING AREA CLEAN.
Make sure that oily rags are not left on or near the engine.
Remove all unnecessary grease and oil from the unit. Accumulated grease and oil can cause overheating and subsequent engine damage and prevent a potential fire hazard.
Table of Contents
i
TITLE......................................................................................................................................................PAGE
SAFETY PRECAUTIONS....................................................................................................Inside Front Cover
INTRODUCTION.............................................................................................................................................1
SPECIFICATIONS..........................................................................................................................................1
About This Manual..................................................................................................................................1
Model Identification.................................................................................................................................1
Fuel Recommendations ..................................................................................................................................2
Engine Oil Recommendations ................................................................................................................3
Starting Batteries....................................................................................................................................3
Exhaust System......................................................................................................................................3
OPERATION...................................................................................................................................................4
Pre-Start Checks....................................................................................................................................4
Starting...................................................................................................................................................4
Engine Break-In......................................................................................................................................5
Operation In Hot Weather.......................................................................................................................5
Operation In Cold Weather.....................................................................................................................5
Out-of-Service Protection .......................................................................................................................5
Returning The Engine To Service...........................................................................................................6
PERIODIC MAINTENANCE............................................................................................................................7
Daily (8 Hour) Maintenance....................................................................................................................8
Engine Oil Change .................................................................................................................................9
Air Cleaner Maintenance........................................................................................................................9
Cooling System Maintenance............................................................................................................... 10
Fuel Filter Replacement........................................................................................................................ 10
Spark Plug Maintenance and Replacement..........................................................................................10
ADJUSTMENTS...........................................................................................................................................11
Carburetor Adjustments........................................................................................................................11
Governor and Speed Adjustments........................................................................................................11
TROUBLESHOOTING..................................................................................................................................12
INFORMATION FOR CALIFORNIA ENGINE USERS..................................................................................13
WARNING
The engine exhaust from this product
contains chemicals known to the State
of California to cause cancer, birth
defects or other reproductive harm.
Introduction
1
ABOUT THIS MANUAL
This Manual covers the operation and maintenance of le horizontal shaft ZX series of engines. Each operator f the power equipment should study this engine manual carefully and observe all of its instructions and precautions. Proper use and periodic maintenance are responsibilities of the operator(s) and are essential for >p engine performance.
MODEL IDENTIFICATION
Whenever contacting a Linamar/Onan dealer or distributor for information, parts or service, always provide the model and serial number marked on the nameplate of the engine. (The serial number is in the >w marked "SIN", just below the model number). Figure illustrates a typical engine nameplate (top) and missions label.
Genuine replacement parts obtained from a LinamarlOnan dealer or distributor are recommended.
WARNING Improper service or parts
replacement can lead to personal injury or death and damage to equipment and property. Service personnel must be qualified to perform electrical and mechanical service.
WARNING Unauthorized modifications or
replacement of fuel, exhaust, air intake or speed control system components that affect engine 7Jissions are prohibited by law in the State of California.
Specifications
MODEL ZX170 ZX280 ZX340
Engine Type 1-cylinder OHV 4 stroke gasoline engine Cooling Air cooled Bore 2.64 in. (67 mm) 3.11 in. (79 mm) 3.19 in (81 mm) Stroke 1.89 in (48 mm) 2.20 in (56 mm) 2.60 in (66 mm) Displacement 10.34 in3 (169 cc) 16.71 in3 (274 cc) 20.75 in3 (340 cc) Compression ratio 8.3:1 8.1:1 8.2:1 Oil capacity .63 quart* (0.6 L) .95 quart* (0.9 L) 1.27 quart* (1.2 L) Intake valve slash .003” - .005” (.07 – 0.12 mm) – cold engine Exhaust valve lash .003” - .005” (.07 – 0.12 mm) – cold engine Ignition timing
218 BTDC 258 BTDC 238 BTDC Spark plug type NGK BPR6HS NGK BPR6ES Spark plug gap .28 in (0.7 mm) Spark plug Torque 20 lb-ft (26 N-m) Fuel tank capacity 3.8 quart* (3.6 L) 6.3 quart* (6 L) 6.3 quart* (6 L)
* U. S. Quart. See Periodic Maintenance for oil filling instructions
Typical Engine Features
2
FIGURE 2. TYPICAL ENGINE FEATURES FRONT VIEW
FIGURE 3. TYPICAL ENGINE FEATURES REAR VIEW
SPARK PLUG CHOKE LEVER
MUFFLER
OTIONAL 12V STARTER
DIPSTICK
* The oil watch system is designed to
prevent engine damage caused by an insufficient amount of oil in the crankcase. Before the oil level can fall below a safe limit, the oil watch system will automatically stop the engine (the engine switch will remain in the ON position). If the oil watch system stops the engine, the oil watch lamp will flash when the starter is operated, and the engine will not start. If this occurs, oil must be added.
OI
L ORAIN (BOTH SIDES)
Operation
3
FUEL RECOMMENDATIONS
Use clean, unleaded gasoline having a minimum octane rating (Anti-Knock index) of
87. During some times of the year only mandated
“Oxygenated" gasolines may be available. These are acceptable for use, but not ­preferable. Leaded gasoline may be used but ill result in the extra maintenance required for moving combustion chamber and spark plug 3posits. Do not use gasoline or gasoline additives (de-icers) containing methanol 3cause methanol can be corrosive to fuel system components.
CAUTION Do not use gasoline or
gasoline additives containing methanol because methanol can be corrosive to fuel system components.
Avoid using highly leaded gasolines and !ead additives because of the extra engine maintenance that will be required.
WARNING Gasoline is highly flammable
'1d can cause severe personal injury or death. Do not smoke if you smell gasoline or are near fuel tanks or gasoline-burning equipment or are in an area sharing ventilation with such equipment. Keep flames, sparks, pilot lights, electrical arcs and arc producing equipment and all other sources of ignition away from gasoline.
ENGINE OIL RECOMMENDATIONS
Use premium quality motor oil. Look for the API (American Petroleum Institute) classification and use Class SG or SH oil (also SG/CD, SG/CE, SH/CD or SH/CE) Also look for the SAE (Society of Automotive Engineers) viscosity grade. Referring to Table 1, choose the viscosity grade appropriate for the ambient temperatures expected during the period of the engine will be operated.
Single-grade SAE-30 oil is preferable when temperatures are consistently above freezing. Multigrade oils are better when wide temperatures variations are expected.
TABLE 1. OIL VISCOSITY VS.
TEMPERATURE
EXPECTED AMBIENT
TEMPERATURES
SAE
VISCOSITY
RATING
328 F (08C) and higher
30
108 F to 1008 F (-128 to 388 C)
15W-40
08 F to 808 F (-188 to 278 C)
10W-30 10W-40
-208 F to 508 F (-288 to 108 C)
5W-30
STARTING BATTERIES
An engine equipped with an electric starter requires a 12 volt battery. Prompt starting requires sufficient battery capacity and battery cable size. Neither cranking performance nor starter service life will be satisfactory with an undersized battery.
Regular, monthly maintenance of batteries may be required. See Periodic Maintenance and any instructions available from the equipment or battery manufacturer. It should be noted that as long as the equipment is operated regularly, the automatic battery recharging system on the engine should be able to maintain battery charge. See OUT­OF- SERVICE PROTECTION under Operation regarding battery care during storage for prolonged periods.
EXHAUST SYSTEM
EXHAUST GAS IS DEADLY! Mobile engine­powered equipment must never be operated inside buildings or other enclosed spaces without ample fresh air ventilation.
Stationary engine-powered equipment installed inside buildings or other enclosed spaces must be equipped with a leak-free exhaust system that carries all exhaust gases to the outside, well away from all windows, doors, vents and other openings into the building or enclosure.
It is the responsibility of the equipment operator(s) to check for exhaust leaks on a daily basis and to have all leaks repaired before continuing to operate the equipment.
Operation
4
WARNING EXHAUST GAS IS DEADLY
Exhaust gases contain carbon monoxide, an odorless and colorless gas. Carbon monoxide is poisonous and can cause unconsciousness and death. Symptoms of carbon monoxide poisoning include:
Dizziness.
Nausea.
Headache.
Weakness and Sleepiness.
Throbbing in Temples
Muscular Twitching
Vomiting
Inability to Think Coherently
IF YOU OR ANYONE ELSE EXPERIENCE ANY OF THESE SYMPTOMS, GET OUT INTO THE FRESH AIR IMMEDIATELY; If symptoms persist, seek medical attention. Shut down the engine and do not operate it until it has been inspected and repaired.
Make certain the exhaust system is properly installed. Inspect it every time the engine is started and after every eight hours of continuous operation.
PRE-START CHECKS
Before the first start of the day, and after every eight hours of operation, perform the maintenance instructed in DAILY (8 HOUR) MAINTENANCE under Periodic Maintenance. Keep a log of maintenance and the hours run and perform any maintenance that may be due. Also, if the equipment has been in storage, return the engine to service as instructed under RETURNING THE ENGINE TO SERVICE in this section.
Always follow the equipment manufacturer's operating instructions and observe all precautions when operating power equipment.
WARNING Moving parts can cause
severe personal injury or death. Hot exhaust parts can cause severe burns. Stay clear of hot or moving parts. Make sure all protective shields are secure in place before starting up the equipment
STARTING
1. Check the oil level if this is the first start of the day and add oil as necessary.
CAUTION Starting the engine
without oil will cause severe engine damage. Al- ways keep the oil level between the Full and Add marks on the dipstick.
2. Fill the fuel tank if necessary, and open
any fuel line shutoff valve.
3. Release the clutch if the engine is so equipped.
4. Rotate the choke lever in towards engine.
Note: Try starting without the choke in warm weather or when the engine is warm.
5. Push the throttle knob or lever to the middle
of its speed range.
6. Rotate the engine switch to "on" position.
7. Pull the recoil starter handle to crank the engine. If the engine is equipped with an electric starter, turn the key to its start position and hold it there until the engine starts. Do not crank for more than 30 seconds at a time and wait at least one minute between tries when cranking with an electric starter. Engines equipped with the oil watch system will not start if the crankcase oil level is too low. See Figure 2.
8. After the engine starts, keep your hand on
the choke lever and slowly rotate it to the full­open choke position, pulling back if necessary to keep engine running smoothly. The colder the weather is, the longer it will take the engine to start running smoothly with the choke fully open. Do not operate the equipment until the engine has warmed up sufficiently to run smoothly with the choke open.
Operation
5
ENGINE BREAK-IN
Engine break-in during the first hours of operation results in the ideal fitting of all internal moving metal parts, which is essential .top engine performance. For controlled engine break-in:
1. Operate the equipment as it is intended to be operated. However, for the first 1­1/2 hours, if possible, operate the engine at about half the available engine power, occasionally operating at full engine power for brief periods. Avoid prolonged low- speed, low-power operation during the engine break-in.
2. Proper engine oil is especially critical during break-in because of the higher engine temperatures that can be expected. See RECOMMENDED ENGINE OIL in Introduction. Change the oil if it is not appropriate for the ambient temperatures during the break­in period. See Table 1.
3. Check the oil level twice a day or after every 4 hours of operation during the first 24 hours of operation.
4. Change the oil after the first 24 hours of operation and have the valves readjusted by a qualified mechanic.
OPERATION IN DUSTY CONDITIONS
1. Keep the engine cooling fins and flywheel air inlet screen clean.
2. Perform air cleaner maintenance more often than normal-as required. See table
2.
3. Change the oil more often than normal. See table 2.
OPERATION IN HOT WEATHER
Pay particular attention to the following items when operating the engine in temperatures above 100° F (38°C):
1. Keep the flywheel air inlet screen and cylinder cooling fins clean. See to it that nothing obstructs the air flow to and from the engine.
2. Check the oil level more frequently.
3. Change the oil more often than normal. See Table 2.
4. Make sure the engine oil viscosity is appropriate for the ambient temperatures and change the oil if necessary. See Table 1.
OPERATION IN COLD WEATHER
Pay particular attention to the following items when operating the engine in temperatures below freezing.
1. Make sure the engine oil viscosity is appropriate for the ambient temperatures and change the oil if necessary. See Table1.lf the temperature drops before you have the chance to change the oil, warm up the engine by moving the equipment into a heated space before attempting to start the engine or change oil.
WARNING EXHAUST GAS IS DEADLY! Never operate mobile engine-powered equipment indoors without ample fresh air ventilation.
2. Use fresh fuel and fill the fuel tank after
each day's use to reduce problems with condensation.
3. Keep the battery in a well-charged
condition.
4. After each use push the equipment
throttle knob or lever to the middle of its speed range so that if ice forms on the linkage during storage it will be easier to start the engine.
6
OUT-OF SERVICE-PROTECTION
Protect an engine that will be out of service for more than 30 days as follows:
1. Run the engine until it reaches normal operating temperature, shut off the fuel supply and let the engine run until it stops. Also, if the equipment will not be operated for more than 120 days, add a fuel stabilizer to the equipment fuel tank (gasoline engines only). Follow the instructions on the container label. Unless a preservative (stabilizer) is added, the gasoline will deteriorate causing fuel system corrosion, gum formation and varnish-like deposits which can lead to hard starting and rough operation.
WARNING Gasoline preservatives
(stabilizers) are toxic. Follow the instructions on the container label. Avoid skin contact. Wash your hands with soap and water after dispensing the fluid.
2. Drain the oil from the engine while it is still warm. Refill with fresh oil and attach a tag stating the viscosity of the oil used.
3. Remove the spark plugs and squirt 1/2 ounce (1 tablespoon) of rust inhibitor or SAE 30 oil into each cylinder. Crank the engine over a few times and reinstall the spark plug.
4. Perform air cleaner maintenance as instructed in Periodic Maintenance.
5. Clean the governor linkage and wrap it with a clean cloth for protection.
6. Plug the exhaust outlet to prevent moisture, dirt, bugs, etc. from entering.
7. Provide a suitable cover for the entire unit.
8. If so equipped, disconnect the battery (negative [-] cable first) and follow the battery or equipment manufacturer's storage instructions.
RETURNING THE ENGINE TO SERVICE
1. Remove the cover and all protective wrapping and the plug from the exhaust outlet.
2. Check the tag on the oil base. Change the oil if the viscosity is not appropriate for the expected ambient temperatures. See Table 1
3. Check the fuel filter and fuel lines to make sure they are secure and have no cracks or leaks.
4. Check to see that the choke, throttle and governor linkages move freely.
5. If so equipped, clean and check the battery according to the battery or equipment manufacturer's instructions and connect the cables (positive [+] cable first).
6. Start the engine. The initial startup may be slow and there may be smoke and rough operation for a few minutes until the oil in the cylinder burns off. If the engine does not start, clean or replace the spark plugs as they may have been fouled by the oil added to the cylinder when the equipment was stored.
Periodic Maintenance
7
Periodic Maintenance is essential to top performance. Use Table 2 as a guide for normal periodic maintenance. Under hot or dusty operating conditions, some main­tenance operations should be performed more frequently, as indicated by the footnotes in the table. Keep a log of maintenance performed and the hours run. Recording
maintenance will help you maintain a regular schedule and provide a basis for supporting warranty claims. Maintenance, replacement or repair of emission control devices and systems may be performed by any engine repair establishment or individual. However, warranty work must be completed by an authorized Linamar/Onan dealer or distributor
.
TABLE 2. PERIODIC ENGINE MAINTENANCE SCHEDULE
MAINTENANCE FREQUENCY
MAINTENANCE OPERATION
Every Day
or every 8
Hours
Every 50
Hours
Every Month
Every 100
Hours
Every 200
Hours
Every 400
Hours
Inspect Engine X1 Check Oil Level X Service Air Cleaner Element X
3.7
Cleaner Cylinder Cooling Fins X 3 Check Starting Battery (if so equipped) X 5 Change Engine Oil X
2,3,4
Replace Fuel Filter (if so equipped) X Adjust Engine Valve Clearance X
2,6
Inspect, Clean and Re-Gap Spark Plug X Replace Spark Plug X
1. Check for oil, fuel and exhaust leaks, loose parts and unusual noises and vibrations,
2. Perform after the first 24 hours of operation as a part of engine break-in.
3. Perform more often when operating in dusty conditions.
4. Perform more often when operating in hot conditions.
5. See instructions for battery care provided by the equipment or battery manufacturer.
6. Must be performed by a qualified mechanic.
7. Replace after a maximum of 6 cleanings, or yearly, whichever occurs first.
8
DAILY (8 HOUR) MAINTENANCE
The operator should check the following before the first start of the day and after every eight hours of operation:
1. Inspect fuel lines and fittings for leaks. Repair leaks immediately.
2. Look and listen for exhaust system leaks while the engine is running. Look for cracks and severe rusting in the muffler and tailpipe. Have all leaks repaired before continuing to operate the equipment.
WARNING Hot exhaust parts can cause
severe burns. Allow the engine time to cool before servicing the exhaust system.
3. Check the engine for dirt and debris and clean the flywheel air inlet screen and cylinder cooling fins as necessary.
CAUTION A clogged flywheel air inlet
screen or dirty cooling fins can cause overheating and engine damage. Keep the cooling fins and air inlet screen clean.
4. Check the engine oil level. The equipment must be parked on a level surface and the engine stopped. To get an accurate reading, wait a minute or so to allow the oil to settle in the crankcase if the engine has been running.
WARNING Crankcase pressure can blow
hot engine oil out of the fill tube causing severe burns. Always stop the engine before removing the oil fill cap.
FIGURE 4. ENGINE OIL LEVEL
If the oil level is low, add API Class SG or SH oil (also SG/CD, SG/CE, SH/CD or SH/CE) having an SAE viscosity grade appropriate for the expected temperatures, as indicated by Table 1. Refer to Figure 4 for the correct oil level.
CAUTION Too much oil can cause high
oil consumption, high operating tem­peratures and oil foaming. Too little oil can cause severe engine damage. Keep the oil level between the Full and Add marks on the dipstick.
9
ENGINE OIL CHANGE
WARNING State and federal agencies
have determined that contact with used engine oil can cause cancer or reproductive toxicity. Take care to limit skin contact and breathing of vapors as much as possible. Use rubber gloves and wash exposed skin.
Refer to Table 2 for scheduled oil change and filter replacement. See Figures 2 and 3 (Page
2) for oil drain locations.
Run the engine until it is warm. Stop the
engine and disconnect the spark plug and, if so equipped, the battery (negative [-] cable) .
WARNING Accidental starting of the
engine can result in severe personal injury or death. Always disconnect the spark plug and the battery (negative [-1 cable) before changing oil.
Remove the oil fill cap.
WARNING Crankcase pressure can blow
hot engine oil out the fill opening, causing severe burns. Always stop the engine before removing the oil fill cap.
Place a pan under the oil drain opening
and remove the oil drain plug. Reinstall the plug securely after the oil has drained completely.
4. Drain and discard the oil according to local regulations.
5. Refill with API Class S/G oil (also SG/CD, SG/CE, SH/CD or SG/CE) having an SAE viscosity grade appropriate for the expected ambient temperatures, as indicated by Table 1. See Specifications for the oil capacity. Refer to Figure 4 for the correct oil level. Reinstall the oil drain plug and the
WARING Too much oil can cause high
oil consumption, high operating temperatures and oil foaming. Too little oil can cause severe engine damage. Keep the oil level between the Full and Add marks on the dipstick.
6. Reconnect the spark plug and battery (if equipped).
7. Start the engine and run it for a short time while checking for oil leaks around the drain plug. Do not overtighten: tighten only as necessary to eliminate leaks.
8. Used oil is harmful to the environment. Pour the used oil into a sealed container and deliver it to the nearest recycling center
AIR CLEANER MAINTENANCE
The ZX170 is equipped with a single-stage pleated paper element. The ZX280 and ZX340 are equipped dual stage air cleaners consisting of pleated paper element and a foam pre-cleaner element. Refer to Table 2 for scheduled maintenance intervals.
Single stage air cleaner (ZX170)
To prevent dust from entering the carburetor, close the choke. Remove the pleated element and tap on a flat surface or carefully blow compressed air from the inside to remove the dust. Never wash the element, and do not soak with oil. Replace the element after a maximum of 6 cleanings, or yearly, whichever comes first.
Wipe off dust and debris from the air cleaner cavity, and reinstall the element in its original position, ensuring it is properly seated. Reinstall the cover.
Dual Stage Air Cleaners (ZX280 &ZX340)
To prevent dust from entering the carburetor, close the choke.
Remove the foam wrapper and wash it with water and detergent. Do not soak with oil. Allow it to dry. Replace the element after a maximum of 6 cleanings, or yearly, whichever occurs first. Remove and inspect the pleated paper element. If dirty, tap the element on a flat surface or carefully blow compressed air from the inside to remove the dirt. Never wash the element, and do not soak with oil. Replace the element after a maximum of 6 cleanings, or yearly, whichever occurs first.
Wipe off the dust and debris from the air cleaner cavity, and reinstall the elements in their original positions. Ensure elements are properly seated. Reinstall the cover
10
COOLING SYSTEM MAINTENANCE
Refer to Table 2 for scheduled cleaning of the cylinder cooling fins. Use compressed air or a pressure washer to clean the cylinder cooling fins. Take the following precautions.
1. Wear safety glasses.
WARNING Always wear safety glasses
when using compressed air or a pressure washer to avoid severe eye damage.
2. Let the engine cool, especially when using a pressure washer. The temperature stresses caused by cleaning a hot engine can crack the cylinder.
3. Observe all of the manufacturer's instructions and precautions when using a pressure washer.
FUEL FILTER REPLACEMENT
Refer to Table 2 for scheduled fuel filter replacement and Figure 3 for the location of the fuel filter (if so equipped). Also refer to the equipment Operator's Manual regarding any supplemental fuel filters that may have been provided and the recommended frequency for their replacement.
Take care not to spill fuel when disconnecting the fuel line from the filter. Allow the engine to cool before disconnecting the fuel line so that it cannot ignite any fuel that may be spilled.
Close any shutoff valve that may be provided in the fuel line. If the filter is of the in-line type, it is usually removable by loosening the inlet and outlet hose clamps.
WARNING Gasoline is highly flammable
and cause severe personal injury or death.
Let the engine cool and close any fuel line shutoff valve before disconnecting the fuel line from the filter.
Do not smoke if you smell gasoline or are near fuel tanks or gasoline-burning equipment or are in an area sharing ventilation with such equipment. Keep flames, sparks, pilot lights, electrical arcs and arc-producing equipment and all other sources of ignition well away from gasoline.
SPARK PLUG MAINTENANCE AND
REPLACEMENT
Refer to Table 2 for scheduled spark plug inspection and replacement and to Specifications for gap specifications.
To prevent crossthreading the spark plug always thread it in by hand until it seats. If the sparkplug is being reused, turn it with a wrench an additional 1/4 turn. If the spark plug is new, turn it with a wrench 3/8 to 1/2 turn. If you have a torque wrench, tighten the spark plug to 20 Ibs-ft (26N-m)-:
Adjustments
11
CARBURETOR ADJUSTMENTS
These engines have precision-manufactured carburetors which are not adjustable.
Governor and speed adjustments
1. Loosen tightening screw (3) at the lower end of the governor lever (1 ).
2. Pushing the throttle valve to the fully open position with the governor lever, turn the groove on the governor lever shaft (2) fully clockwise with a screwdriver, then tighten the screw in that position.
3. Start the engine, and adjust the high speed adjusting screw (4) until the engine reaches a speed of 3900 to 4000 RPM with the speed control lever (5) in the maximum speed position. Some equipment manufacturers may specify a lower engine speed -check the equipment Operator's Manual.
4. Set the low idle speed to 1400-1500 RPM by adjusting the low idle screw (6). Some equipment manufacturers may specify a different low idle speed -check the equipment Operator's Manual.
FIGURE 5. GOVERNOR ADJUSTMENT
TABLE 5. GOVERNOR LEVER SCREW
TORQUE
Model Governor lever Screw (3) torque
ZX170 8-10 lb-ft (11-14 N-m)
ZX280 & ZX340
14-18 lb-ft (19-24 N-m)
Troubleshooting
12
Table 3 provides basic troubleshooting guidance. If you fail to resolve the problem after taking the corrective actions suggested, contact the equipment or a Linamar/Onan dealer.
WARNING Many troubleshooting pro­cedures present hazards that can result in severe personal injury or death. Only qualified service personnel with knowledge
of fuels, electricity, and machinery hazards should perform service procedures. Review the safety precautions on the inside cover page.
WARNING Hot engine parts can cause severe burns. Always allow the engine time to cool before performing any maintenance or service.
TABLE 3. TROUBLESHOOTING
1. The engine fails to crank (electric start engines)
a. Release the clutch (if so equipped). b. Clean and tighten the positive (+) and negative -) battery
cable connections to the battery and the engine.
c. Recharge the battery. Refer to the equipment or battery
manufacturer's recommendations
2. The engine cranks slowly (electric start) or the recoil starter is hard to pull
a. Release the clutch (if so equipped) b. If electric start, clean and tighten the positive (+) and
negative (-) battery cable connections to the battery and the engine.
c. If electric start, recharge the battery. Refer to the
equipment or battery manufacturer's recommendations
d. Change the engine oil to oil having the proper viscosity
for the ambient temperature. See table 1
3. The engine cranks but fails to start
a. Check the fuel tank and fill if necessary. b. Open any closed fuel shutoff valve c. Check engine oil level and add oil as necessary. d. Ensure spark plug lead is connected e. Service air cleaner. f. Replace the fuel filter. g. Inspect and clean or replace the spark plug and re-gap
it.
4. The engine runs then stops a. Check the fuel tank and fill if necessary.
b. Check engine oil level and add oil as necessary.
5. Then engine exhausts back smoke.
a. Service air cleaner b. Ensure choke is open
Important Information for California Engine Users
13
These engines meet 2000 carb regulations for SI SORE (spark ignition small off-road engines)
As a California user of these engines, please be aware that unauthorized modifications or replacement of fuel, exhaust, air intake, or speed control system components that affect engine emissions are prohibited. Unauthorized modification, removal or replacement of the engine label is prohibited. You should carefully review Operator (Owner) Installation and other manuals and
information you receive with your engine or equipment. If you are unsure that the installation, use, maintenance or service of your engine or equipment is authorized, you should seek assistance from an approved Linamar/Onan engine dealer or an approved dealer for your equipment.
California engine users may use Table 4 as an aid in locating information related to the California Air Resources Board requirements for emissions control.
TABLE 4. EMISSIONS CONTROL INFORMATION
Engine Warranty Information The California emissions control warranty statements is
located in the same pocket of information as this manual
when the engine is shipped from the factory. Engine Valve Lash See Specifications. Engine Ignition Timing See Specifications Engine Fuel Requirements The engine is certified to operate on unleaded gas.
See Fuel Recommendations in Introduction. Engine Lubricating Oil
Requirement
See Engine Oil Recommendations in Introduction.
Engine Fuel Mixture Adjustments These engines have precision-manufactured carburettor
which are not adjustable. Engine Adjustment See Adjustments Engine Emission Control System The engine emission control system consists of internal
engine modifications.
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