Libelium Waspmote Plug & Sense! Series, Waspmote Plug & Sense! Smart Cities, Waspmote Plug & Sense! Smart Agriculture PRO, Waspmote Plug & Sense! Smart Agriculture Xtreme, Waspmote Plug & Sense! Smart Parking Technical Manual
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Waspmote Plug & Sense!
Technical Guide
Index
Document version: v8.6 - 05/2019
© Libelium Comunicaciones Distribuidas S.L.
INDEX
1. General and safety information ..........................................................................................6
2. Important: Read before use.................................................................................................7
3. Introduction ..........................................................................................................................8
4. Waspmote vs Waspmote Plug & Sense! ..............................................................................9
5. General view ........................................................................................................................ 10
5.1. Specications ................................................................................................................................... 10
5.2. Parts included .................................................................................................................................. 13
5.3. Identication .................................................................................................................................... 14
6. Sensor probes ...................................................................................................................... 16
6.1. Sensor probes types ....................................................................................................................... 18
6.2. Extension cord ................................................................................................................................. 27
7. Internal sensors ..................................................................................................................29
7.1. Accelerometer ................................................................................................................................. 29
8. Radio modules ..................................................................................................................... 30
8.1. XBee-PRO 802.15.4 ......................................................................................................................... 31
8.2. XBee ZigBee 3 .................................................................................................................................. 33
8.3. XBee 868LP ...................................................................................................................................... 35
8.4. XBee-PRO 900HP ............................................................................................................................. 36
8.5. LoRaWAN modules ......................................................................................................................... 37
8.6. Sigfox modules ................................................................................................................................ 39
8.7. WiFi PRO module ............................................................................................................................ 41
8.8. 4G module ....................................................................................................................................... 42
9. Industrial Protocols ............................................................................................................44
10. GPS module ........................................................................................................................ 46
11. Internal storage ................................................................................................................47
12. On/o button ....................................................................................................................48
12.1. External LED .................................................................................................................................. 49
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Index
13. Resetting Waspmote Plug & Sense! with an external magnet ....................................50
14. USB port .............................................................................................................................52
14.1. Outdoors USB Cable ..................................................................................................................... 54
14.2. External SIM/USB socket .............................................................................................................. 55
15. External solar panel ..........................................................................................................58
16. External Battery Module .................................................................................................. 60
16.1. Technical specications................................................................................................................ 60
16.2. Operating modes .......................................................................................................................... 63
17. Vent plug / Pressure Compensator ................................................................................. 65
18. Antenna ..............................................................................................................................66
18.1. Antennas for the Plug & Sense! 4G model ................................................................................. 67
18.2. Antennas for Plug & Sense! GPS-ready models ........................................................................ 68
19. Sensor protection .............................................................................................................70
19.1. Special probes ............................................................................................................................... 70
20. Battery ...............................................................................................................................70
21. Models ................................................................................................................................ 71
21.1. Smart Environment PRO .............................................................................................................. 72
21.2. Smart Security ............................................................................................................................... 74
21.3. Smart Water................................................................................................................................... 76
21.4. Smart Water Xtreme ..................................................................................................................... 78
21.5. Smart Water Ions .......................................................................................................................... 80
21.6. Smart Parking ................................................................................................................................ 83
21.7. Smart Agriculture PRO ................................................................................................................. 84
21.8. Smart Agriculture Xtreme ............................................................................................................ 86
21.9. Ambient Control ............................................................................................................................ 89
21.10. Smart Cities PRO ......................................................................................................................... 91
21.11. Radiation Control ........................................................................................................................ 93
21.12. 4-20 mA Current Loop ................................................................................................................ 94
22. Programming .................................................................................................................... 95
22.1. Real time Clock - RTC .................................................................................................................... 95
22.2. Interruptions ................................................................................................................................. 96
22.3. Watchdog ....................................................................................................................................... 96
22.3.1. RTC Watchdog for reseting Waspmote ..........................................................................96
23. Programming Cloud Service ............................................................................................97
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Index
24. Uploading code ..................................................................................................................98
25. Over the air programming – OTA .................................................................................. 104
25.1. Overview ...................................................................................................................................... 104
25.2. OTA with 4G/WiFi modules via FTP .......................................................................................... 104
25.2.1. Setting the FTP server conguration ........................................................................... 105
26. Encryption libraries ........................................................................................................106
27. Interacting with Waspmote ........................................................................................... 107
27.1. Receiving XBee frames with Waspmote Gateway ................................................................... 107
27.1.1. Waspmote Gateway ....................................................................................................... 107
27.1.2. Linux receiver ................................................................................................................. 108
27.1.3. Windows receiver ........................................................................................................... 112
27.1.4. Mac-OS receiver ............................................................................................................. 114
29. Installation ......................................................................................................................120
29.1. Parts .............................................................................................................................................. 120
29.2. Street Light installation .............................................................................................................. 123
29.2.1. External solar panel ....................................................................................................... 123
29.3. Wall installation ........................................................................................................................... 126
29.3.1. External solar panel ....................................................................................................... 126
30. Energy Consumption ......................................................................................................128
30.1. Consumption tables ................................................................................................................... 128
30.2. Energy system ............................................................................................................................. 128
30.2.1. Concepts .......................................................................................................................... 128
30.2.2. Sleep mode ..................................................................................................................... 130
30.2.3. Deep Sleep mode ........................................................................................................... 131
30.3. Lifetime of the sensors ............................................................................................................... 131
31. Recommendations .......................................................................................................... 132
32. Documentation changelog ............................................................................................133
33. Certications ................................................................................................................... 135
33.1. General overview ........................................................................................................................ 135
33.2. CE (Europe) .................................................................................................................................. 135
33.2.1. Waspmote Plug & Sense! 802.15.4 EU ......................................................................... 136
33.2.2. Waspmote Plug & Sense! 868 ....................................................................................... 136
33.2.3. Waspmote Plug & Sense! WiFi ...................................................................................... 136
33.2.4. Waspmote Plug & Sense! 4G EU/BR ............................................................................. 137
33.2.5. Waspmote Plug & Sense! Sigfox EU ............................................................................. 137
33.2.6. Waspmote Plug & Sense! LoRaWAN EU ...................................................................... 137
33.3. FCC (USA) ..................................................................................................................................... 138
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33.4. IC (Canada) ................................................................................................................................... 139
33.5. ANATEL (Brazil) ............................................................................................................................ 139
33.6. RCM (Australia) ............................................................................................................................ 140
33.7. Use of equipment characteristics ............................................................................................ 141
34. Maintenance ....................................................................................................................142
35. Disposal and recycling ....................................................................................................143
36. Resources ......................................................................................................................... 144
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General and safety information
1. General and safety information
Important:
• All documents and any examples they contain are provided as-is and are subject to change without notice.
Except to the extent prohibited by law, Libelium makes no express or implied representation or warranty of
any kind with regard to the documents, and specically disclaims the implied warranties and conditions of
merchantability and tness for a particular purpose.
• The information on Libelium’s websites has been included in good faith for general informational purposes
only. It should not be relied upon for any specic purpose and no representation or warranty is given as to its
accuracy or completeness.
• Read carefully Limited Warranty and Terms and Conditions of Use before using “Waspmote Plug & Sense!”.
• Do not open casing and do not damage black warranty stickers. If you do so, you will lose warranty.
• Do not remove any of the connectors.
• Do not allow contact between metallic objects and electronic parts to avoid injury and burns.
• Never immerse equipment in any liquid.
• Keep equipment within temperature range indicated in recommendation section.
• Do not connect or power equipment using cables that have been damaged.
• Place equipment in an area to which only maintenance personnel can have access (in a restricted access zone).
• In any case keep children away from the equipment.
• If there is a power failure, immediately disconnect from the mains.
• If using a battery whether or not in combination with a solar panel as a power source follow the voltage and
current specications indicated in the section “External solar panel connector”.
• If a software failure occurs, contact Libelium technical support before doing any action by yourself.
• Do not place equipment on trees or plants as they could be damaged by its weight.
• Be particularly careful if you are connected through a software interface for handling the machine; if settings
of that interface are incorrectly altered, it could become inaccessible.
• If you need to clean the node, wipe it with a dry towel.
• If Waspmote Plug & Sense! needs to be returned please send it completely dry and free from contaminants.
• Waspmote Plug & Sense! is not designed to be placed in hard environmental conditions, under dangerous
chemical elements, explosive atmospheres with ammable gases, high voltage installations or special
installations. Please contact Libelium technical support to ensure your application is compatible with
Waspmote Plug & Sense!
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Important: Read before use
2. Important: Read before use
The following list shows just some of the actions that produce the most common failures and warranty-voiding.
Complete documentation about usage can be found at http://www.libelium.com/development. Failure to comply
with the recommendations of use will entail the warranty cancellation.
Software:
• Upload code only using Waspmote IDE. If a dierent IDE is used, Waspmote can be damaged and can become
unresponsive. This use is not covered under warranty.
• Do not unplug any connector while uploading code. Waspmote can become unresponsive. This use is not
covered under warranty.
• Do not connect or disconnect any connector while Waspmote is on. Waspmote can become unstable or
unresponsive, and internal parts can be damaged. This fact is not covered under warranty.
Hardware:
• Do not handle black stickers seals on both sides of the enclosure ( Warranty stickers). Their integrity is the
proof that Waspmote Plug & Sense! has not been opened. If they have been handled, damaged or broken, the
warranty is void.
• Do not open Waspmote Plug & Sense! in any case. This will automatically make the warranty void.
• Do not handle the four metallic screws of Waspmote Plug & Sense!. They ensure waterproof seal.
• Do not submerge Waspmote Plug & Sense! in liquids.
• Do not place nodes on places or equipment where it could be exposed to shocks and/or big vibrations.
• Do not expose Waspmote Plug & Sense! to temperatures below -20 ºC or above 60 ºC.
• Do not power Waspmote with other power sources than the original provided by Libelium. Voltage and current
maximum ratings can be exceeded, stopping Waspmote working and voiding warranty.
• Do not try to extract, screw, break or move Waspmote Plug & Sense! connectors far from necessary usage,
waterproof sealing can be damaged and warranty will be voided.
• For more information: http://www.libelium.com
• Do not connect any sensor on the solar panel connector and also do not connect the solar panel to any of
sensor connectors. Waspmote can be damaged and warranty void.
• Do not connect any sensor not provided by Libelium.
• Do not place Waspmote Plug & Sense! where water can reach internal parts of sensors.
• Do not get the magnet close to a metal object. The magnet is really powerful and will get stuck.
• Do not place the magnet close to electronic devices, like PCs, batteries, etc, they could be damaged, or
information could be deleted.
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Introduction
3. Introduction
This guide explains the features related to our product line Plug & Sense! v15, released on October 2016.
If you are using previous versions of our products, please use the corresponding guides, available on our
Development website.
You can get more information about the generation change on the document “New generation of Libelium product
lines”.
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Waspmote vs Waspmote Plug & Sense!
4. Waspmote vs Waspmote Plug & Sense!
Waspmote is the original line in which developers have a total control over the hardware device. You can physically
access to the board and connect new sensors or even embed it in your own products as an electronic sensor
device.
The Waspmote Plug & Sense! line allows developers to forget about electronics and focus on services and
applications. You can deploy wireless sensor networks in an easy and scalable way ensuring minimum maintenance
costs. The platform consists of a robust waterproof enclosure with specic external sockets to connect the
sensors, the solar panel, the antenna and even the USB cable in order to reprogram the node. It has been specially
designed to be scalable, easy to deploy and maintain.
Figure: Waspmote
Figure: Waspmote Plug & Sense!
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General view
5. General view
This section shows main parts of Waspmote Plug & Sense! and a brief description of each one. In later sections
all parts will be described deeply.
5.1. Specications
• Material: polycarbonate
• Sealing: polyurethane
• Cover screws: stainless steel
• Ingress protection: IP65
• Impact resistance: IK08
• Rated insulation voltage AC: 690 V
• Rated insulation voltage DC: 1000 V
• Heavy metals-free: Yes
• Weatherproof: true - nach UL 746 C
• Ambient temperature (min.): -30 °C*
• Ambient temperature (max.): 70 °C*
• Approximated weight: 800 g
*
Temporary extreme temperatures are supported. Regular recommended usage: -20, +60 ºC.
In the pictures included below it is shown a general view of Waspmote Plug & Sense! main parts. Some elements
are dedicated to node control, others are designated to sensor connection and other parts are just identication
elements. All of them will be described along this guide.
164 mm
85 mm
124 mm
175 mm
410 mm
122 mm
160 mm
Figure: Main view of Waspmote Plug & Sense!
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Figure: Control side of the enclosure
General view
Figure: Control side of the enclosure for 4G model
Figure: Sensor side of the enclosure
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Figure: Antenna side of the enclosure
General view
Figure: Front view of the enclosure
Figure: Back view of the enclosure
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Figure: Warranty stickers of the enclosure
General view
Important note: Do not handle black stickers seals of the enclosure (Warranty stickers). Their integrity is the proof
that Waspmote Plug & Sense! has not been opened. If they have been handled, damaged or broken, the warranty is
automatically void.
5.2. Parts included
Next picture shows Waspmote Plug & Sense! and all of its elements. Some of them are optional accessories that
may not be included.
1
9
8
5
6
2
7
10
4
Figure: Waspmote Plug & Sense! accessories: 1 enclosure, 2 sensor probes, 3 external solar panel, 4 USB cable, 5 antenna, 6 cable ties,
7 mounting feet (screwed to the enclosure), 8 extension cord, 9 solar panel cable, 10 wall plugs & screws
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3
5.3. Identication
Each Waspmote model is identied by stickers. Next gure shows front sticker.
Model identication colour
General view
Enclosure model
Figure: Front sticker of the enclosure
There are many congurations of Waspmote Plug & Sense! line, all of them identied by one unique sticker. Next
image shows all possibilities.
Figure: Dierent front stickers
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General view
Moreover, Waspmote Plug & Sense! includes a back sticker where it is shown identication numbers, radio MAC
addresses, etc. It is highly recommended to annotate this information and save it for future maintenance. Next
gure shows it in detail.
Figure: Back sticker
Sensor probes are identied too by a sticker showing the measured parameter and the sensor manufacturer
reference.
Measure
parameter
CO - TGS2442
Figure: Sensor
Figure: reference
Figure: Sensor probe identication sticker
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Sensor probes
6. Sensor probes
All sensing capabilities of Waspmote Plug & Sense! are provided by sensor probes. Each sensor probe contains one
sensor, some necessary protections against outdoor environmental conditions and a waterproof male connector.
The standard length of a sensor probe is about 150 mm, including waterproof connector, but it could vary due to
some sensors need special dimensions. Weight of a standard probe rounds 20 g, but there are some special cases
which this weight can rise.
Sensor probes are designed to be used in vertical position (with sensor looking to the ground). In this position, the
protection cap of each sensor probe is eective against bad weather conditions.
Each model has six dedicated sockets to connect sensor probes. They are located in the sensor side, as shown
below. Each socket has a protecting cap. When one of the six sensor connectors is not used, be sure the cap is
screwed to protect the connector.
Figure: Enclosure sensor side with protection caps
Each sensor socket is identied by a letter from A to F (see picture below). The user should understand that each
sensor probe should go in a dedicated socket, due to each sensor has dierent power requirements (current and
voltage levels), dedicated circuitry, etc. So please see corresponding section about where to connect each probe.
Always be sure you connected probes in the right socket, otherwise they can be damaged.
Never connect a sensor not provided by Libelium to any of the sensor connectors. The electronics system inside
can be damaged and the warranty will be automatically void.
Figure: Enclosure sensor side without protection caps
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Sensor probes
It should be taken into account that any sensor probe connector has only one matching position with a sensor
probe. The user should align the sensor probe connector looking at the little notch of the connector (see image
below). Notice that the sensor connector is male type and the enclosure sensor connector is female type.
Figure: Detail of sensor waterproof connector
Besides that, there is a locking nut which should be screwed till the connector is completely xed to the enclosure.
Figure: Connecting a sensor probe to the enclosure
Please use only sensors ocially provided by Libelium. Any other sensor can damage Waspmote Plug & Sense!
and void the warranty.
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Sensor probes
6.1. Sensor probes types
Libelium provides many dierent sensor probes depending on what is going to be measured. This section
describes main features of each type. If further information is required, please refer for the corresponding sensor
board guide available on Libelium website.
Standard type
This sensor probe is the most common. The sensor is placed inside a plastic cylinder acting as a protection against
rain and water, but allowing sensor interact with environment to measure necessary parameters. Besides, the
sensor is kept always straight and the size and shape of the probes are standardized as maximum as possible.
Figure: Standard sensor probe
Sensor probes of this type are all the gas sensors of the Smart Environment and the Smart Environment PRO
models (except for the temperature, humidity and pressure sensor and the particle matter sensor).
White protection probe
This probe is designed to reduce sunlight eects and prevent from water and rain, but allowing humidity
measurement.
Only the temperature, humidity and pressure sensor include this special protection.
Figure: Temperature, humidity and pressure probe
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Luminosity - LDR probe
This probe is designed to allow sunlight go thought a transparent protection.
Figure: Luminosity probe
Liquid Presence probe (point)
This probe is designed to allow placing the sensor near its application.
Sensor probes
Figure: Liquid Presence probe (point)
Liquid level probe
This probe is designed to measure liquid levels.
Figure: Liquid level probe
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Liquid ow probe
This probe is designed to measure liquid ow through a pipe.
Figure: Liquid ow probe
Hall eect probe
This probe is designed to control the opening of doors, windows, etc.
Sensor probes
Figure: Hall eect probe
Solar radiation probe
This probe is designed to measure solar radiation.
Figure: Solar radiation probe
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Soil temperature probe
This probe is designed to be buried into the ground to measure its temperature.
Figure: Soil temperature probe
Soil moisture probe
This probe is designed to be buried into the ground to measure its moisture.
Sensor probes
Figure: Soil moisture probe
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Dendrometer probe
This probe is designed to measure trunk, stem and fruit diameter of vegetables.
Sensor probes
Figure: Dendrometer probe
Leaf wetness probe
This probe is designed to measure wetness on vegetable leafs.
Figure: Leaf wetness probe
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Weather Station WS-3000 probe
This probe is designed to measure wind direction, wind speed and rain.
Sensor probes
Figure: Weather Station WS-3000 probe
Liquid Presence probe (line)
This probe is designed to allow placing the sensor near its application.
Figure: Liquid Presence probe (line)
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Sensor probes
Directionable type
This type of probe is only for some sensors. The sensor is placed inside a plastic modular hose that allows us to
point them where we want to measure with it.
Figure: Congurations of directionable sensor probes
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Sensor probes of this type are:
• Presence - PIR directionable probe
This probe is designed to allow infrared light trough a lens, necessary for presence applications.
Figure: Presence (PIR) directionable probe
• Ultrasound sensor directionable probe
This probe is designed to measure distances using ultrasonic waves.
Sensor probes
Figure: Ultrasound directionable probe
• Luminosity (Luxes accuracy) directionable probe
This probe is designed to measure luxes indoors and outdoors.
Figure: Luminosity (luxes accuracy) directionable probe
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Sensor probes
• Terminal box probe
This probe allow access to the 4-20 mA current loop board signals, to the relay contacts on Smart Security models
(max 30 VDC, 1 A) and also to allow access to the optional Industrial Protocols feature (RS-485, Modbus and CAN
Bus) in the Waspmote Plug & Sense! encapsulated line. A waterproof terminal block junction box is provided as a
probe, making the connections on industrial environments or outdoor applications easier.
Figure: Terminal box probe
• DB9 probe
The DB9 connector is commonly used in many applications with data transmission on industrial ambients.
Libelium provides this probe with a standard DB9 female connector and a length of 1.5 meters.
Figure: DB9 probe
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Sensor probes
6.2. Extension cord
This element is used when one sensor needs to be placed far from the node. Two lengths are available: 1.5 and
3 m. Next picture shows an extension cord.
Figure: Extension cord accessory
The extension cord has a female and a male connector. The rst one (female) should be connected to the sensor
probe. Next picture shows that.
Figure: Connecting a probe with an extension cord
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Moreover, the male connector should be connected to the enclosure as shown below.
Sensor probes
Figure: Connecting an extension cord to the enclosure
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Internal sensors
7. Internal sensors
7.1. Accelerometer
Waspmote has a built-in acceleration sensor which informs the mote of acceleration variations experienced on
each one of the 3 axes (X, Y, Z). The integration of this sensor allows the measurement of acceleration on the 3
axes (X, Y, Z), establishing 2 kinds of events: Free Fall and Direction Detection Change.
Z
Y
X
Figure: Axis direction in Waspmote Plug & Sense!
Complete information can be found in the Accelerometer Programming Guide.
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8. Radio modules
Waspmote Plug & Sense! may integrate many radio modules for wireless communications.
Radio modules
Radio Protocol
XBee-PRO 802.15.4
EU
XBee-PRO 802.15.4 802.15.4 2.4 GHz 18 dBm -100 dBm 1600 m
XBee ZigBee 3 ZigBee 3 2.4 GHz 8 dBm -103 dBm 1200 m CE
XBee 868LP RF 868 MHz 14 dBm -106 dBm 8.4 km CE
XBee 900HP US RF 900 MHz 24 dBm -110 dBm 15.5 km FCC, IC
XBee 900HP BR RF 900 MHz 24 dBm -110 dBm 15.5 km ANATEL
XBee 900HP AU RF 900 MHz 24 dBm -110 dBm 15.5 km RCM
WiFi
4G EU/BR
4G US v2
4G AU
Sigfox EU Sigfox 868 MHz 16 dBm -126 dBm
Sigfox US Sigfox 900 MHz 24 dBm -127 dBm
802.15.4 2.4 GHz 10 dBm -100 dBm 750 m CE
WiFi
(HTTP(S),
FTP, TCP,
UDP)
4G/3G/2G
(HTTP, FTP,
TCP, UDP)
GPS
4G/3G
(HTTP, FTP,
TCP, UDP)
4G
(HTTP, FTP,
TCP, UDP)
Frequency
bands
2.4 GHz 17 dBm -94 dBm 500 m
800, 850, 900,
1800, 2100, 2600
MHz
700, 850, 1700,
1900 MHz
700, 1800, 2600
MHz
Transmission
power
4G: class 3
(0.2 W, 23 dBm)
4G: class 3
(0.2 W, 23 dBm)
4G: class 3
(0.2 W, 23 dBm)
Sensitivity Range*
4G: -102
dBm
4G: -103
dBm
4G: -102
dBm
- km - Typical
base station
range
- km - Typical
base station
range
- km - Typical
base station
range
- km - Typical
base station
range
- km - Typical
base station
range
Certication
FCC, IC,
ANATEL, RCM
CE, FCC, IC,
ANATEL, RCM
CE, ANATEL
FCC, IC, PTCRB,
AT&T
RCM
FCC, IC
CE
LoRaWAN EU LoRaWAN 868 MHz 14 dBm -136 dBm > 15 km CE
LoRaWAN US LoRaWAN 900 MHz 18.5 dBm -136 dBm > 15 km FCC, IC
LoRaWAN AU LoRaWAN 915-928 MHz 18.5 dBm -136 dBm > 15 km -
LoRaWAN IN LoRaWAN 865-867 MHz 18.5 dBm -136 dBm > 15 km
* Line of sight, Fresnel zone clearance and 5dBi dipole antenna.
-
These modules have been chosen for their high receiving sensitivity and transmission power, as well as for being
802.15.4 compliant (XBee-802.15.4 model) and ZigBee-Pro v2007 compliant (XBee-ZB model).
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