LG GCC-4241N Service Manual

P/NO : 3828HS1043A August, 2003 Printed in Korea

MODEL : GCC-4241N

website http://biz.LGEservice.com

e-mail http://www.LGEservice.com/techsup.html

Slim CD-RW/DVD-ROM Drive

S E RVICE MANUAL

MODEL: GCC-4241N

TABLE OF CONTENTS

INTRODUCTION....................................................................................................................................................3

FEATURES............................................................................................................................................................3

SPECIFICATIONS.............................................................................................................................................4~6

DISASSEMBLY .....................................................................................................................................................7

1. CABINET .......................................................................................................................................................7

2. MAIN CIRCUIT BOARD.................................................................................................................................7

3. FRONT PANEL..............................................................................................................................................7

4. BASE PICK-UP..............................................................................................................................................7

EXPLODED VIEW .................................................................................................................................................8

MECHANICAL REPLACEMENT PARTS LIST...............................................................................................9~10

GLOSSARY.........................................................................................................................................................11

THE DIFFERENCES OF CD-R/CD-RW DISCS AND GENERAL CD-ROM .................................................12~18

1. Recording Layer...........................................................................................................................................12

2. Disc Specification.........................................................................................................................................12

3. Disc Materials...............................................................................................................................................13

4. Reading Process of Optical Disc..................................................................................................................14

5. Writing Process of CD-R Disc......................................................................................................................15

6. Writing Process of CD-RW Disc...................................................................................................................15

7. Organization of the PCA, PMA and Lead-in Area........................................................................................16

8. Function of PCA and PMA area...................................................................................................................17

9. OPC and ROPC...........................................................................................................................................17

10. Writing Process of DISC ............................................................................................................................18

DESCRIPTION OF DATA PROCESSING.....................................................................................................19~22

1. Data Processing Flow..................................................................................................................................19

2. Copy Protection and Regional Code Management Block............................................................................20

3. About Prevention the DVD-ROM from to be copy........................................................................................21

4. About the DVD-ROM Regional Code...........................................................................................................22

INTERNAL STRUCTURE OF THE PICK-UP................................................................................................23~24

1. Inner Circuit of the PICK-UP........................................................................................................................23

2. Signal detection of the P/U...........................................................................................................................24

MAJOR IC INTERNAL BLOCK DIAGRAM AND PIN DESCRIPTION .........................................................25~41

TROUBLESHOOTING GUIDE......................................................................................................................42~62

BLOCK DIAGRAM ..............................................................................................................................................64

CIRCUIT DIAGRAM ......................................................................................................................................65~67

PRINTED CIRCUIT BOARD DIAGRAM .......................................................................................................68~71

ELECTRICAL REPLACEMENT PARTS LIST....................................................................................................72

CAUTION - INVISIBLE LASER RADIATION WHEN OPEN AVOID EXPOSURE TO BEAM.

INTRODUCTION

FEATURES

1. General

1) 12.7mm Heigh Internal CD-RW/DVD-ROM Drive.

2) R&W Speed of CD-R/RW/ROM/DVD-ROM: 24x/24x(write)/24x/8x(read).

3) DVD-R(3.95GB 4.7GB), DVD-RW(4.7GB) disc read compatible.

4) DVD-RAM disc read compatible.

5) Enhanced IDE (ATAPI) bus interface.

6) Large buffer memory 2MB.

7) Buffer Under Run Preventive function.

8) Running OPC circuit

9) Drawer Type manual Load/Electrical Release.

10) Supports Power saving mode and Sleep mode.

11) Horizontal and Vertical direction installable.

2. Supported disc formats

1) Reads and writes data in each CD-ROM, CD-ROMXA, CD-I FMV, Video CD, and CD-EXTRA

2) Reads data in Photo CD (Single and Multi session).

3) Reads and writes standard CD-DA.

4) Reads and writes CD-R discs conforming to “Orange Book Part 2”.

5) Reads and writes CD-RW discs conforming to “Orange Book Parts 3”.

6) Reads data in DVD-ROM.

3. Supported write method

1) Disc at once, Session at once, Track at once, Packet Write, and Multi-session.

4. Performance

1) Average access time : CD-ROM 110ms DVD-ROM 120ms

2) Record speed : CD-R 4xCLV, 10xCLV, 10~16xPCAV, 24x Max.CAV

CD-RW 4xCLV, 10xCLV, 10~16xPCAV, 24x Max. CAV

(Normal Speed CD-RW : 4xCLV

High Speed CD-RW : 4xCLV, 10xCLV Ultra Speed CD-RW :10xCLV, 10~16xPCAV, 24x Max.CAV)

3) Read speed: CD-R/RW/ROM 24x/24x/24x Max.CAV

CD-DA(DAE) 20x Max. CAV DVD-R/RW/ROM 4x/4x/8x Max.CAV DVD-Video(CSS) 4x Max.CAV

DVD-RAM(2.6G/4.7G) 2x ZCLV

4) Sustained Transfer rate : CD-ROM 3,600 kB/s (24x).Max. DVD-ROM 11.08 Mbytes/s (8x)Max.

5) Burst Transfer rate: Ultra DMA Mode2, DMA MW Mode2, PIO Mode4

6) Support CD-TEXT read/write

5. Audio

1) Outputs 16 bit digital data over ATA interface.

2) Software Volume Control

3) Equipped with audio line output for audio CD playback.

This service manual provides a variety of service

information.

It contains the mechanical structure of the CD-RW /DVD-ROM Drive and the electronic circuits in schematic form. This CD-RW/DVD-ROM Drive was manufactured and assembled under our strict quality control standards and meets or exceeds industry specifications and standards.

This CD-RW/DVD-ROM drive is an internal slim drive unit designed for use with IBM PC, HP Vectra,

or compatible slim notebook computer. It can write as much as 700 Mbytes of digital data into CD-R disc, and can read as much as 700 Mbytes of digital data stored in a CD-ROM, CD-R and CD-RW disc.

This CD-RW/DVD-ROM Drive can easily meet the upcoming MPC level 3 specification, and its Enhanced Intelligent Device Electronics (E-IDE) and ATAPI interface allows Plug and play integration in the majority of today’s PCs without the need of an additional interface card.

SPECIFICATIONS

1. SYSTEM REQUIREMENTS

-CPU: IBM Compatible Pentium750MHZ (or faster)

-64MB Memory or greater

2. SUPPORTING OPERATING SYSTEM

3. GENERAL

1) Host Interface .................................................ATAPI compliant(X3T9.2/791D and SFF-8020 Rev 2.6)

SFF-8080 Rev 1.2, MMC-3 (MMC Spec for CD-R/RW)

2) Read Function

• Applicable Discs ...........................................DVD-ROM single Layer 4.7GB, dual Layer 8.5GB

DVD-R: 3.95/4.7 GB DVD-RW: 4.7GB DVD-RAM: 2.6/4.7GB CD-ROM Mode-1 CD-ROM XA CD-Audio Mixed Mode CD-ROM(Audio and Data Combined) Photo-CD (Single and Multi-Session) CD-I, Video CD CD-Plus/CD-Extra,CD-Text CD-R disc(Conforming to “Orange Book Part2”) CD-RW disc(Conforming to “Orange Book Part3”)

3) Write function

• Applied Format .............................................CD-ROM Mode-1

CD-ROM XA CD-Audio Mixed Mode (Audio and Data Combined) CD-I, Video CD CD-Plus/CD-Extra, CD-Text

*Applied Format depend on Authoring Tool

• Writing Method .............................................Disc at once(DAO)

Session at once(SAO) Track at once(TAO) Variable packet writing Fixed packet writing Multi-session

*Embedded Running OPC, Buffer Under-run Prevention

4) Cache memory ..............................................2 MB

5) Disc diameter..................................................120 mm, 80mm

6) Data capacity

• User Data/Block............................................DVD-ROM(Book A, B) :

2,048 bytes/block

CD(Yellow Book) :

2,048 bytes/block (Mode 1 & Mode 2 Form 1) 2,336 bytes/block (Mode 2) 2,328 bytes/block (Mode 2 Form 2) 2,352 bytes/block (CD-DA)

7) RPC(Region Playback Control)......................Phase2, No Region

1) Read

• DOS 3.0 or Higher

• Windows 95 OSR 2.1

• Windows 98 Second Edition

• Windows Millennium Edition(Me)

• Windows NT

• Window 2000

• Windows XP

2) Write

• Window 98 Second Edition

• Windows Millennium Edition (Me)

• Window NT

• Window 2000

• Window XP

3) Recording tool

• Easy CD Creator

• Direct CD

• RecordNow

• DLA

4. DRIVE PERFORMANCE

1) Read/Write & Rotational Speed(TBD)

<Read> DVD-ROM Single Layer 3.3x~8x(CAV): Approx. 4,710r/min

Dual Layer 3.3x~8x (CAV) : Approx. 5,180 r/min CSS Title 1.7x~4x (CAV): Approx. 2,600 r/min

DVD-R 3.95GB 1.7x~4x (CAV): Approx. 2,600 r/min

4.7GB 1.7x~4x (CAV) : Approx. 2,360 r/min DVD-RW 4.7GB 1.7X~4X(CAV) : Approx. 2,360 r/min DVD-RAM 2.6GB 2x (ZCLV): Approx. 2,120~4,710 r/min

4.7GB 2x (ZCLV): Approx. 1,400~3,230 r/min CD-ROM 10.3x~24x(CAV): Approx. 4,860~5,670 r/min CD-R 10.3x~24x(CAV): Approx. 4,860~5,670 r/min CD-RW 10.3x~24x(CAV): Approx. 4,860~5,670 r/min CD-DA(DAE) 8.6x~20x(CAV): Approx. 4,050~4,720 r/min CD-DA(Audio Out) 4.3x~10x(CAV): Approx. 2,020~2,360 r/min CD-I/Video CD 4.3x~10x(CAV): Approx. 2,020~2,360 r/min

<Write> CD-R 4xCLV, 10xCLV, 10~16PCAV, 24xMAX. CAV

CD-RW Normal Disc 4xCLV

High speed Disc 4x, 10xCLV Ultra speed Disc 10xCLV, 10~16xPCAV, 24xMAX, CAV

Rotational Speed (CD-R/RW) 4xCLV : Approx. 800~2,020 r/min

10xCLV : Approx. 2,000~5050 r/min 24xMAX.CAV : Approx. 4,860~5,200 r/min

2) Data Transfer Rate *Sustained Transfer Rate

<Read>

DVD-ROM Single Layer 11.08 Mbytes/s (8x) Max.

Dual Layer 11.08 Mbytes/s (8x) Max.

DVD-R 3.95GB 5.54 Mbytes/s (4x) Max.

4.7GB 5.54 Mbytes/s (4x) Max. DVD-RW 4.7GB 5.54 Mbytes/s (4x) Max. DVD-RAM 2.6GB 2.77 Mbytes/s (2x)

4.7GB 2.77 Mbytes/s (2x) CD-ROM 3,600 kB/s (24x) Max. CD-R 3,600 kB/s (24x) Max. CD-RW 3,600 kB/s (24x) Max.

<Write>

CD-R/RW 4xCLV 600 kB/s (Mode-1)

10xCLV 1,500 kB/s (Mode-1) 24x Max.CLV 3,600 kB/s (Mode-1) Max.

* Burst Transfer Rate .......................................................33.3 Mbytes/s Max. (Ultra DMA Mode 2)

16.6 Mbytes/s Max. (DMA MW Mode 2)

16.6 Mbytes/s Max. (PIO Mode 4)

3) Access time

* Typical Value DVD-ROM Average : 120ms typical

CD-ROM Average : 110ms typical

4) Buffer Memory Size...........................................................2MB

5. Quality and Reliability

1) MTBF.............................................................. 80,000 Power On Hours (POH)

Assumption : Use in a normal office environment

-POH per year 3,000

- ON/OFF cycles per year 12000

-Operating duty cycle 10% of Power on time (Seek : 10% of operating time)

2) Tray Cycle Test............................................. 10,000 times tray open/close cycle test

3) Actuator Mechanism.................................... 1,000,000 full stroke seek

4) MTTR (Mean Time to Repair)......................... 0.5 h

5) Component Life............................................ 5 years or 2,000h of Laser radiating time

Assumption: Used in a normal office environment

6. Power Requirements

1) Source Voltage ............................................. +5V +/-5% Ripple Less than 100mVp-p

2) Current

Stand-By (Sleep) : 22 mA typical (OS : Windows XP) Continuous Read 660 mA typical (CD 24x Max. CAV)

540 mA typical (DVD 8x Max. CAV) Continuous Write 800 mA typical (CD-R 24x Write) Seek 1.0A typical, 1.5A Max. (24x Max. CAV) Spin UP(Spindle motor start up) 1.0A typical, 1.8A Max. (24x Max. CAV) Maximum Current 1.8A

7. CD-DA Audio Performance

Number of Channels 2 Frequency Response 20 to 20,000Hz +/- 3dB Distortion Less than 0.1% (1kHz) Output Levels (Line Out only) 0.70 Vrms (typical, at 47kohms resistive Load)

DISASSEMBLY

1. CABINET

A. Release 3 screws (A). B. Lift up the Cabinet in the direction of arrow (1).

(See Fig.1)

2. MAIN CIRCUIT BOARD

A. Insert and press a rod in the Emergency Eject Hole and

then the CD Tray will open in the direction of arrow (2). B. Release 3 screws (B). C. Remove the Main Circuit Board.

3. FRONT PANEL

A. Remove the Front Panel.(The Front Panel is a snap on

type.)

B. At this time, be careful not to damage the 3 hooks (a) of

the it. (See fig.3)

C. Release 3 screws (C) and remove the Cover Bottom (3).

4. BASE PICK-UP

A. Remove the FPC Cable. At this time, the FPC connector

must be pulled in the direction of Front carefully.

B. Remove the Base Pick-up (4).

(1)

(A)

CABINET

2 HOOKS

HOOKS (a)

FRONT PANEL

COVER BOTTOM

BASE PICK-UP

FPC CONNECTOR

MAIN CIRCUIT BOARD

EMERGENCY EJECT HOLE

Fig.1

Fig.3

Fig.2

Fig.4

(2)

(3)

(C)

(2)

(B)(B)

(B)

(4)

PBM00(MAIN C.B.A)˚

ABCD

450

001

012

011

013

451

450

005

004

003

A02

A00

A01

EXPLODED VIEW

ATIP Absolute Time in Pre-groove. With an additional modulation of the “Wobble”, the “Groove” contains a time

code information.

Wobble The pre-groove in the Disc is not a perfect spiral but is wobbled.

With : – A typical amplitude of 30 nm

– A spatial peried of 54~64 µm CW Continuous Wave. The laser light output is at a constant level. DOW Direct Over-Write. The action in which new information is recored over previously recorded information in

CD-RW disc.

Overwrite

The action in which new information is recorded over previously recorded information.

(Pre-)Groove

The guidance track in which clocking and time code information is stored by means of an FM modulated wobble.

Land Land is characterized in the following way:

When radial signals are concerned,land is defined as the area between the grooves. When HF signal are concerned,land is defined as the area between the marks(pits) in tangential direction.

Hybrid Disc A Multisession disc of which the first Session is mastered. On a hybrid disc, recorded and

mastered information may co-exist.

Mastered Information,stored as pits on the disc during the manufacturing process of the disc. Information (when making the master)

OPC Optimum Power Control. Procedure is determined optimum recording power according to CD-

R/RW Media in recording start step.

ROPC Running OPC. The purpose is to continuously adjust the writing power to the optimum power

that is required. When the optimum power may change because of changed conditions of disc and change in operating temperature.

Jitter The 16 value of the time variation between leading and trailing edges of a specific (I3 … I11) pit

or land as measured by Time Interval Analysis. Deviation The difference between a fixed value of Pit length and Land length. TOC Table Of Contents : in the Lead-in Area the subcode Q-channel contains information about the

Tracks on the disc. Packet A method of writing data on a CD in small increments.

Writing Two kinds of packets can be written : Fixed-length and Variable-length. Write The shape of the HF write signal used to modulate the power of the laser.

Strategy The Write Strategy must be used for recordings necessary for disc measurements. Information Wobble, ATIP, Disc Identification, Write Power, Speed Range OPC Parameters, etc are

Area recorded in the Information area of CD-RW Disc Finalization The action in which (partially) unrecorded or logically erased tracks are finished and the Lead-in

and/or Lead-out areas are recorded or overwritten with the appropriate TOC subcode. Logical Erase

A method to remove information from a disc area by overwriting it with an EFM signal containing

mode 0 subcode

A logically erased area is equivalent to an unrecorded Physical Erase

The action in which previously recorded information is erased by overwriting with a CW laser

output.

After a Physical Erase action, the erased area on the CD-RW disc is in the unrecorded state

again. Session

An area on the disc consisting of a Lead-in area, a Program area, a lead-out area. Multi session

A session that contains or can contain more than one session composed Lead-in and Lead-out

GLOSSARY

The differences of CD-R/CD-RW discs and General CD-ROM

1.Recording Layer

Recordable CD has a wobbled pre-groove on the surface of disc for laser beam to follow track.

2.Disc Specification

Read-only Disc

CD-R and CD-RW Disc

3~1 1T

1.6um

0.4~0.5 um

(Pit)Groove

Land

Track pitch(p)

Radial Direction

Groove

Land

Radial Error Signal

The Groove wobble

Average center

Actual center

CD-ROM CD-R CD-RW

Standard Yellow Book Orange Book II Orange Book III

Record Not available Write once Re-writable I 11/Itop

> 0.6 > 0.6 0.55 > M11> 0.70

(HF Modulation) Write Laser Power(mW) 10-30 mW 6-25 mW Read Laser Power(mW) < 0.5 mW < 0.7 mW < 1.0 mW

Jitter < 35 nsec < 35 nsec < 35 nsec

Reflectivity (R

top) 70 % 65 % 15 % ~ 25 %

CD-ROM (READ-ONLY DISC)

a=30nm

3.Disc Materials

1) CD-ROM disc

Laser Beam

Groove

Substrate (Polycarbonate)

Organic Dye Layer

Reflective Layer

Protective Layer

Label Printing

2) CD-R disc

Pigment Reflective Layer Color

Phtalocyanine Gold/Silver Yellow/White

Cyanine Gold/Silver Dark Green/Bright Green

Azo Gold/Silver Dark Blue

• It is composed of Silver _ colored aluminum plate and Reflective layer.

• Groove (Pit) of aluminum plate make a track.

• Laser wavelength : 780 nm, Laser Power (Read): 0.5mW

• Signal is detected by the

difference of reflective beam intensity between “pit” and

“Land” on the disc.

• It is so-called WORM (Write Once Read Many) CD.

• It is composed of polycarbonate layer, Organic dye layer, Reflective layer, and Protective

layer.Gold/Silver Reflective layer is used to enhance the reflectivity

• According to the kinds of Organic dye layer, it is divided by Green CD, Gold CD, Blue CD.

• Laser Wavelength : 780 nm, Laser Power (read) : 0.7 mW

• Recording Power : 4x(10~15mW), 8x(14~20mW), 12x(15~30mW), 16x(25~35mW).

• When some part of dye layer is exposed to laser heat, it’s color changs black.Therefore, writing and

reading is enabled by the difference of reflectivity between changed part and unchanged part.

• Polycarbonate layer has Pre_Groove which make a Track.

Laser Beam

Pit

Substrate (Polycarbonate)

Reflective Layer

Protective Layer

Label Printing

3) CD-RW Disc

Reading process of Optical Disc

Laser Beam

Groove

Substrate (Polycarbonate)

Reflective Layer

Dielectric Layer(TL)

Dielectric Layer(UL)

Protective Layer

Label Printing

• It is composed of polycarbonate layer, alloy(silver, arsenic) layer, aluminum reflectivity layer, protective layer.

• An crystalized alloy layer is transformed into noncrystalized by the laser heat. Therefore, writing and reading

is enabled by the difference of reflectivity.

• It is possible to overwrite about 1000 times.

• Laser Wavelength : 780 nm, Laser Power (Read) : 1.0mW

• Recording Power : Erase (4~18mW), Write (6~45mW)

• When disc rewriting, new data is overwritten previously recorded data.

• Polycarbonate layer has a Pre-Groove which make a track.

Lens

Beam Spot

Focusing Lens

Laser Spot at Constant Read Intensity

Reflected Light Signal

Laser Spot Position (Time)

Previously Recorded Marks

Groove Land Mirror

top

umerical aperture:NA=nsinθ,

n: Refractive index

Focus depth : H =

/NA

laser spot diameter : D =

/NA

5.Writing Process of CD-R Disc

a b c d e f g

Incident Laser Power

(Read)

(Write)

Laser Spot Position (Time)

a b c d e f g

Laser Spot Position (Time)

Laser Spot

Recorded Mark

Reflected Light Signal

Below "ORP"– Mark Too Short

At Optimum Record Power ("ORP")

Above "ORP" – Mark Too Long

Time

6.Writing process of CD-RW Disc

Write Power

Erase Power

Read Power

Groove

Crystal

Amorphous

Recorded state

(lower reflectivity)

Melting/

quenching

Heating/

gradual cooling

Crystal phase

Erased state

(higher reflectivity)

7.Organization of the PCA, PMA and Lead-in Area

1) Layout of CD-ROM disc

Center hole Clamping and Label Area Information Area

Lead-in Area

Diameter 15 mm

Diameter 46 mm

Diameter 120 mm

Program Area

Read Only Disc

Lead-out Area

Program Area Lead-out Area

Center hole

Clamping and Label Area

Information Area

PCA PMA

Test Area Count Area

Diameter 15 mm

Diameter 45 mm

Diameter 120 mm

Unrecorded Disc

Tsl-00:35:65 Tsl-00:15:05

Tsl-00:13:25

Tsl

99:59:74 00:00:00

in out

Test Area : for performing OPC procedures. Count Area : to find the usable area immediately in T.A Tsl : start time of the Lead-in Area, as encoded in ATIP PMA : Program Memory Area

Disc Center

2) Layout of CD-R/RW disc

8. Function of PCA and PMA area

1) PCA (Power Calibration Area)

• PCA area is used to determine the correct Laser Power for a disc. – Method 1 : PCA area is divided by a track. – Method 2 : The previous Calibration value is referred. – Method 3 : ROPC is used to determine Laser Power value automatically in data writing.

• CD-R Disc can write maximum 99 Tracks but CD-RW Disc can write unlimited tracks because it has a rewritable

function.

2) PMA (Program Memory Area)

• It has a track information (track No, track Start/End time) of every track before writing completed. – PMA area has the last written point and the next writable point of a disc. – In case of CD to CD copy, some writer may not write PMA area.

* When Disc is Finalized,

PMA information is transferred to the Lead_In area so that general Driver can read it.

* Because PCA and PMA area exist before Lead-In area, General CD Player or CD-ROM Drive can’t read

these areas.

9. OPC and ROPC

1) OPC (Optimum Power Control)

• This is the first step of writing process, because CD writer has its own laser power value and media have different writing characteristics,

– This is determined by the Writing characteristic, speed, temperature, and humidity. – Laser wavelength is determined by the environmental temperature (775~795nm) and Optical Laser Power is

determined by the test and retry.

• Asymmetry and optimum writing Power

– EFM signal Asymmetry is determined by the writing power.

Therefore, Optical Power which has the same value to the preset power value can be estimated by measuring HF signal Asymmetry on the PCA area.

• Measurement of Asymmetry

* Parameter setting (Beta) : Using AC coupled HF signal before equalization

Beta = (A1+A2)/(A1-A2)

Time

P << Po

Time

P = Po

HF Signal

Time

P >> Po

2) ROPC (Running Optimum Power Control)

• Variable primary factor of Optimum Power

– Change of Power sensitivity on the Disc. (limited to 0.05 *Po) – Wavelength shift of the laser diode due to the operating temperature change. – Change of the Spot aberration due to the Disc skew,

Substrate thickness, Defocus.

– Change of Disc or Optics conditions due to the long term OPC

==> It is necessary to adjust continuously to obtain the Optimum Power.

• Principle of Running OPC

– To meet the factors mentioned above,

a horizontal _ direction movement of a curve is uesd.

– Beta = f(B-level) = constant on the Recorded Disc – Procedure of ROPC

a. Reference B-level is determined during OPC Procedure. b. During Recording, B-level value is controlled to have a close

Reference B-level value.

c. Normalization of B-level is used to eliminate the effect of reflectivity fluctuation.

==> The reflected B-level value is normalized by the disc reflectivity itself.

CD-R/RW Media

Write Strategy Determination

PCA Test Area

Program Area

PMA Area

Lead-In Area

Lead-out Area

OPC

PCA Count Area

ROPC

* Recording Capacity of CD-R/RW (74Minute Recording media)

• (2048 Byte/Sector) X (75 Sector/Second) X (60 Second/Minute) X 74 Minute = 681,984,000 Bytes = 682 Mbytes

• But the actual recording capacity is about 650 Mbytes. (according to the ISO 9660 standard, approximately 30 Mbytes are used to make directory structure and volume names.)

Incident recording pulse

Reflected recording pulse

Sampled timing B

11T

Sample B-level (Write Power)

Level B

Sampled at timing B

Pwo decided by OPC

Recording Power

Level B with Pwo

normalized to recording power

Sample Disc Reflectivity (Read power)

10. Writing Process of DISC

DESCRIPTION OF DATA PROCESSING

1.Data Processing Flow

Command

Data

Status

RF EQ & AGC

SERVO

DSP

Decoder & CSS

RF data slice EFM demodulator

CiRC error correction

Audio DAC

C3 decoder

Buffer/Memory controller

CSS controller

Atapi interface control

Data PLL

Servo ADC

Focus/tracking

control output

Sled control output

CAV Spindle control

P-up

Unit

IC101

(AN22107A)

RF AMP

DVD

IC201

(MN103S63G)

TE/CSO GEN

FE GEN

FLASH ROM

DRAM

IC602

IC601 DRAM

MN103S63G

HOST DVD

PLAYER

(EMPEG2 B/D)

Scrambled MPEG Data

Change the "KEY"

KEY Management Control

2. Copy Protection and Regional Code Management Block

Block Diagram

Brief Process

1. Regional Code for DVD Disc

– DVD-ROM drive transfers the regional code of the control data to host by the command of host, the DVD

player of host reads the regional code, and plays title in the case of allowed regional code only.

2. Management of DVD Disc for the scrambled of data

(1) DVD-ROM and DVD player of host generate the “KEY 1” respectively, transfer to opposite part, the

“KEY 2” is received, recognizes the data transfer or not with this value, and generates the bus key

encoded the data. (2) Encoded “Disc Key” and “Title Key” host is transfer with the bus Key. (3) DVD player of host reads the key value, and uses the value to restore the scrambled data.

* Refer to the next page for the details.

3. About Prevention the DVD-ROM from to be copy

A data is able to encode and record in the disc, if a copyright holder wants to prevent the disc from copying.

In case of a disc enhanced movie of 3 titles......

DISC KEY (2048 Bytes) is used to encode the whole contents in the disc and TITLE KEY (5 Bytes) is used to encode the title respectively. So, the data is encoded and stored in a disc through the unknown algorithms with a disc key and title key. (At this time, the disc key and title key are stored in a disc.) …As above, the disc is able to copy when the disc key and title key are opened. Then, ROM-DRIVE encodes the disc key and title key and transfers to MPEG2 board.

If you want to play the disc prevented from the copy......

First of all, ROM-DRIVE and MPEG-2 decoder identify with each other through the procedure as described below.

1. Drive and host gives and takes the ID of 2bit. This ID is AGID (Authentication Grant ID). The various decoder boards are attached to the host, in these, AGID sets the MPEG-2 decoder and drive.

2. After the AGID is set, MPEG-2 decoder generates the challenge key (10 Byte) and transfers to drive. The board and drive generate key 1 (5Byte) with the challenge key respectively. (Of course, the Algorithm generating the key 1 is not known.)

3. Compare with the generated key 1, if it corresponds each other, the first step of authentication is completed. This is a course to identify the MPEG-2 decoder with a drive.

4. The second step of authentication is a course to identify a drive with the MPEG-2 decoder. The dirve generates a challenge key and transfers it to the MPEG-2 decoder. The dirve and MPEG-2 decoder generate the key 2 (5Byte) with the challenge key, compare with each other, and if it corresponds and the secondary step of authentication is completed.

5. As above, the identification is completed.

6. The dirve and MPEG-2 decoder generate the Bus key with the key 1 and key 2 and own it.

7. Dirve encodes the disc key and title key with this Bus key and transfers to the MPEG-2 decoder.

8. The MPEG-2 decoder reads the encoded disc key and title key with the Bus key only.

9. MPEG-2 board lets data read from the drive to decode with the read disc key and title key and makes into the video signal by decoding.

ROM-DRIVE

AGID

HOST

MPEG-2 DECODER

Challenge key

encoded disc key, title key

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