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SunSource® Home Energy System
E2015 Lennox Industries Inc.
Dallas, Texas, USA
APPLICATION AND DESIGN GUIDELINES
Many Dave Lennox Signature® Collection air conditioners
and heat pumps manufactured after April of 2010 are
factory-equipped with components that make them
SunSource
solar modules and other optional equipment so that they can
become part of a SunSource® Home Energy System.
Units can be upgraded for use with solar equipment at the
time of installation or in the future.
Solar energy is first used to meet cooling/heating demands.
When the outdoor unit is not operating, the system powers
lighting, appliances and other electronic devices in the
home. Any surplus power is sent back to the utility company
for a possible credit (check with your local utility company for
availability).
See bulletin number 210680 for a complete list of all
available SunSource® Home Energy System and
SolarWorld® Pre-engineered Kits for ordering.
Wiring runs from the roof-mounted solar modules to the
outdoor unit. From there, power travels to the home
electrical service panel using the existing outdoor unit power
wiring.
®
solar-ready. These units can be matched with
Corp. 1312-L2
March 1, 2013
Revised April 21, 2015
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Introduction 2...................................
How SunSource® Home Energy System Works 2...
Utility-Interactive Microinverters 3.................
Electric Utilities and Solar PV Utility Interactive
Systems
SunSource®-Ready Heat Pumps and
Air Conditioners 3...............................
Over Current Protection 4........................
Codes and Permits 4.............................
U.S. and Canada Codes
Local Jurisdiction and Code Requirements
PV Module Roof Mounting & Structure Requirements
Wind Loading
Rebates and Incentives (Programs) 6..............
Site Evaluation 6.................................
General
Specifics
SunSource® Home Energy System — Components.. 11
Featured System Components
Basic System Requirements
Lennox® Solar Sub-Panel
Solar Modules
Roof Mounting Kits
Installation Kits and Tools
System Monitoring
SunSource® Home Energy System and SolarWorld® Pre-engineered
Kits - Components Package Accessories
Wiring 19........................................
Warning and Safety
System Start Up and Checkout 22.................
Commissioning
System Equipment Maintenance 23...............
Troubleshooting 23..............................
Warranty 29.....................................
Glossary 29.....................................
Solar Resources on the Web 29...................
Appendix A – Roof Pitch 31.......................
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Introduction
A solar module is made up of multiple photovoltaic cells
wired together in series and/or parallel to achieve a desired
power output.
Each cell produces
approximately 0.5 Volt. The
cells are encased in a frame
to protect them from the
environment. The modules
(silver or black) are flat plat
technology with mono
crystalline silicon cells
which produce 270 watts.
The rating on each module
indicates the nominal DC
power output in watts of a
module when it is in bright
sunlight in 25 degree C
conditions, and the sun’s
rays are perpendicular to
the surface of the module Because the microinverter operates
at about 96% efficiency, the AC output of the system will be
approximately 4% less than the peak DC output. So, at peak
conditions, a 265 watt module will produce up to about 259
watts of power.
Each module operates independently, so if one is shaded or
dirty the adjacent modules will still operate to maximize their
energy output. The microinverter is factory-installed on the
back of the module. Because the microinverter is pre-wired,
grounded and mounted, there are fewer parts that must be
assembled on the roof or side of a house.
In real-world conditions, as the sun rises, moves across the
sky and sets throughout the day, the output of the modules
will increase from about zero at dawn to a peak of about
195-235 watts (depending on season, sun angle, mounting
angle and roof orientation), and then decline again to zero.
How the SunSource® Home Energy System
Works
1. Photovoltaic modules are installed in an area that has
good solar exposure throughout the year, generally a
south-facing roof.
2. When sunlight shines on the solar module(s), their
built-in microinverter(s) produce 240 volt alternating
current power synchronized to the utility’s power grid.
Each module has a dedicated microinverter.
3. The 240-volt alternating current (AC) from the
microinverter(s) is wired through a circuit breaker into
the heating, ventilating and air conditioning (HVAC)
outdoor unit. This power can be used to operate the
HVAC unit and/or the power can be re-directed into the
home’s main distribution panel to handle other power
demands in the home. When the produced power is
more than the home needs, the excess power can flow
into the utility grid, running the electric meter in a
backward direction.
4. The electric bill is reduced because the homeowner only
pays for the net electricity used.
SOLAR
MODULES
OUTDOOR UNIT
(SUNSOURCE
SOLAR
SUB-PANEL
INSTALLED)
ELECTRICAL
PANEL
FUTURE
SOLAR
MODULES
COMMUNICATION
MODULE
STANDARD
OUTLET
BROADBAND
INTERNET
CONNECTION
PERFORMANCE
MONITORING
WEBSITE
Figure 1. SunSource® Home Energy System
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Utility-Interactive Microinverter
The rapidly advancing technology making this new product
possible is the utility-interactive microinverter. These
devices are governed by IEEE1547 — Standard for
Interconnecting Distributed Resources with Electric Power
Systems. This is a standard of the Institute of Electrical and
Electronics Engineers meant to provide a set of criteria and
requirements for the interconnection of distributed
generation resources into the power grid in the United
States. UL1741 - Standard for Safety Inverters, Converters,
Controllers and Interconnection System Equipment for Use
with Distributed Energy Resources -- addresses
requirements for microinverters, converters, charge
controllers and interconnection system equipment (ISE)
intended for use in stand-alone (not grid-connected) or
utility-interactive (grid-connected) power systems.
Utility-interactive microinverters, converters and ISE are
intended to be operated in parallel with an electric power
system (EPS) to supply power to common loads.
IMPORTANT
The customer needs to understand that this is a
utility-interactive photovoltaic (PV) system which WILL
NOT generate power when the grid power is down (OFF).
Due to the differences in power quality between the grid
and generators, the PV module system will not produce
power concurrently with a back-up generator.
Is there a minimum kilowatt (KW) threshold?
Some utilities require a 1KW or 2KW threshold for this
rebate/incentive programs.
Does the electric utility have a net-metering program?
The larger and publicly owned utilities tend to have
net-metering programs. Net-metering rules specify how
credit for net generation of energy is returned to the
homeowner. The total is the amount of electricity
consumed, less the amount of electricity produced.
NOTE — Additional liability insurance may be required when
a utility-interactive system is installed in a home.
SunSource®-Ready Heat Pumps and Air
Conditioners
The outdoor portion of the SunSource® HVAC system has a
standard power connection to the dedicated HVAC branch
circuit. It also has a second 240-volt AC power source
connection for the utility-interactive solar power input. Solar
photovoltaic (PV) alternating current modules (incorporating
grid tie microinverters) are the source of the solar power.
ELECTRIC UTILITIES AND SOLAR PV UTILITY
INTERACTIVE SYSTEMS
Does the electric utility have any special
requirements?
The local utility will want to be aware of the presence of
such a system on the grid. Usually, there will be an
interconnection application that needs to be submitted to
the local utility. Some utilities will have a particular type of
electrical disconnect (indicating, lockable disconnect
switch) which they want to be used in an interactive
system.
Is there an incentive program?
If there is a rebate involved, the utility may require that a
separate meter, which is usually referred to as a
Renewable Energy Credit {REC} meter, be installed in a
location where it measures the power generated by the
solar PV system.
Figure 2. SunSource® Solar Sub-Panel
The heat pumps and air conditioners have been Electrical
Testing Laboratories (ETL) listed to accept the Lennox
Solar Sub-Panel (an ETL-listed accessory). Units not
designated as solar-ready are NOT safety agency approved
for solar applications.
®
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Over-Current Protection
Each solar PV AC module will supply a small increment of
240 VAC electrical current (up to 0.9 amps). The number of
modules is limited to 17, so that no more than 15 amps is
supplied to the HVAC outdoor unit. Each microinverter
automatically limits its output current to its 0.9 amp
nameplate value. This upper limit on the number of modules
that can be used is compatible with the branch circuit
ampacity of the smallest (1.5-ton) Dave Lennox Signature
Collection (DLSC) outdoor units. The Lennox® Sub-Panel
for the SunSource® outdoor unit has a 20 amp circuit breaker
for dedicated over-current protection of the solar power
system and branch conductors from the modules to the
outdoor HVAC unit.
In Canada, the Canadian Electrical Code (CE Code). Article
690 of the NEC covers requirements for solar photovoltaic
systems. There are a number of important requirements
regarding solar PV systems. A licensed electrician who is
knowledgeable about NEC Article 690 should supervise the
electrical installation. Because the system does not involve
high-voltage DC wiring, most of the wiring details will be
familiar: wire sizing, working space (110.26) around
electrical equipment, etc.
®
A few details will be new because the
system is utility-interactive:
D The current flow on the HVAC
branch circuit is bi-directional.
Check to ensure that the HVAC
breaker in the distribution panel is
suitable for back feed. If it is not
marked with LINE and LOAD, then
it is okay.
D HVAC breaker cannot be GCFI or
arc-fault-type breaker.
D Route from the roof mounted solar power junction box
to vicinity of outdoor HVAC unit.
D Install service disconnect labels (provided).
D Connect HVAC branch circuit and solar circuit conduits
to solar sub-panel.
Photovoltaic Module
Microinverter
Lennox[ Solar Sub−Panel Kit
Figure 3. Components
Codes and Permits
U.S. AND CANADA CODES
In almost all United States jurisdictions, the NFPA 70
National Electrical Code (NEC) will be cited as the authority
for electrical inspections.
Main breaker plus feedback breaker less than or equal to 1.2
times bus rating.
D Feedback breaker = 20 amp
D Assume main breaker = bus rating (most conservative
case)
D Solving equation for minimum main breaker rating
yields: 100 amp
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Therefore, this system can be installed on a distribution
panel rated for 100 amp or more as long as the HVAC
breaker is positioned at the opposite end from the main
breaker.
For a residence with multiple outdoor units, multiply the
minimum main breaker size by the number of units. For
example: two outdoor units using solar power would need a
200 amp distribution panel.
IMPORTANT
Before finalizing your roof drawing, check with your local
building department to identify any unique wind and snow
load requirements that pertain to your jurisdiction. A
combination of shortening the maximum span between
roof attachments and increasing the length of your lag
bolts will enhance the wind load rating.
LOCAL JURISDICTION AND CODE REQUIREMENTS
IMPORTANT
It is advisable to meet with the local inspection department
to find out what requirements exist for solar PV
installations. Local jurisdictions may require electrical,
mechanical and structural inspections to be done.
Grounding of the PV array is important because it is subject
to being struck by lightning. The grounding requirements for
PV AC solar arrays are more flexible than DC solar arrays;
however, check with the authority having jurisdiction over
local area requirements.
D The AC output of the microinverters is grounded along
with the utility power to HVAC unit.
D Solar PV array must be grounded according to NEC
Article 690 Section V and all applicable local codes.
WARNING
The AC Solar Module System must be installed on a
fire-resistant roof covering rated for the application. The
minimum mechanical means (attachment points) are
offered in the diagrams provided in this guide. Note that the
specific number of attachment points should be
appropriate to the roof type, local building code, and wind,
snow and seismic loading conditions as defined by the
permitting jurisdiction.
Figure 5. Roof Illustration
Figure 4. Grounding
PV MODULE ROOF MOUNTING AND STRUCTURE
REQUIREMENTS
The authority having jurisdiction may want some information
about how the solar modules will be attached to the roof. To
satisfy minimal structural requirements there are two design
rules that usually dictate the minimum requirements:
1. The maximum span of the modules between roof
attachments should be no greater than 48”. These roof
attachments are located on both the top and bottom of
the single row array.
2. The second rule requires that modules which overhang
the last roof attachment in a row may overhang NO
MORE than a maximum of 16” from that roof
attachment.
WIND LOADING
The system designer must determine the appropriate
number of roof attachment points to ensure the solar
modules remain attached to the roof under (locally specified)
severe wind conditions. There is an excellent article about
PV roof mounting considerations, including wind loading and
structural mounting details in the February / March 2010
issue of SolarPro magazine. Regarding calculating wind
load, the article states:
“This calculation is unnecessary for a typical residential
PV system mounted on a sloped roof with standard
racking materials. In these situations, the racking
system and building structure can easily handle the wind
loads imposed. For particularly windy regions, tall
buildings, or non-standard roof framing, however, the
system designer should perform these calculations to
ensure the structural integrity of the system.”
The article goes on to say that there is a wind load calculation
procedure in development by the Solar America Board for
Codes and Standards (Solar ABCs). Until this procedure has
been finalized, the article recommends using the procedure
outlined in Chapter 6 of ASCE/SEI 7-05. It is a wind load
calculation procedure for components and cladding. The
article provides an explanation of the steps involved. Once
the wind loads are estimated, standard civil engineering
procedures are used to design construction. A useful
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reference is the American Wood Council's National Design
Specification for Wood Construction (NDS). This reference
provides a method for determining the “pull-out” capacity of
lag bolts in different species and grades of wood.
Near the end of the SolarPro magazine article, it says:
“Modern structures are built with factors of safety large
enough to account for the relatively small loads imposed
by a PV array. For older buildings or those built with
nonstandard construction practices, however the
structural members should be evaluated to ensure
structural integrity.
0If a roof structure on an existing residential building is
deficient, most authorities having jurisdiction require
that the roof structure below the array be brought up to
current building code.”
Rebates and Incentives (Programs)
It is important to research the requirements for qualifying and
applying for rebates and incentives. Many utilities have
programs but certain requirements must be met to qualify.
The website at www.dsireusa.org is a useful resource for
researching federal and state incentives and getting
information on programs offered by electric utilities.
Examples of types of rebates and incentives are listed
below:
1. System output (either in DC or AC watts).
2. Performance-based -- Rebate levels are awarded based
on the predicted output of the system, given the
characteristics of the actual installation.
3. Tax credits for a percentage of the installed cost of the
system are widely available through both the federal and
state governments. The federal tax credit for solar
renewable energy applies to the solar components of the
SunSource® Home Energy System. This includes the
AC solar modules, solar sub-panel kit, roof mounting kits
and all other labor and components needed to install the
solar portion. The credit is in effect through 2016 and
allows for a credit of 30% of the installed cost of the solar
system. The credit is uncapped. For more information go
to the Department of Energy tax credit website at:
http://www.energy.gov/taxbreaks.htm
or the Energy Star website at:
www.energystar.gov/index.cfm?c=tax_credits.tx_index
4. Some states and local governments have enacted laws
that will NOT allow the tax assessment of a property to
be increased because of the addition of a renewable
energy system. Property Assessed Clean Energy
(PACE) programs are available from some governments
to provide financing for the installation of a renewable
energy system that is paid back, with interest, in the
homeowner’s property tax.
Site Evaluation
GENERAL
On earth, the energy available from the sun is about 1000
watts per square meter. A solar module converts about 14%
of that energy to electricity. For a fixed-orientation module,
the peak available energy occurs in a clear sky with the
module directly facing the sun. Throughout the day, the
angle that sunlight hits the module changes as the sun
moves across the sky. Because of this, the available energy
rises to a peak daily value and then declines. There is also a
seasonal variation: The sun is lower in the sky in winter and
higher in the sky in summer. The more closely that the tilt
angle of a solar module matches the local latitude; the more
optimized the annual energy output will be.
Compromises are frequently involved in locating and
installing solar PV modules. Homeowners may wish to have
the module located in a sub-optimal location/orientation for
esthetic reasons. This system is designed to be installed
parallel with the roof pitch (see Appendix A). The pitch of the
roof will determine the tilt of the solar modules The
orientation of the home itself may dictate the direction the
solarmodules face.
Figure 6. Orientation
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Figure 7. U.S. and Canada Longitudes
Figure 8. Annual Direct Normal Solar Radiation - U.S.
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Figure 9. Photovoltaic Potential - Canada
SPECIFICS
Good Southern Exposure
Does the site have good southern exposure? Perform a solar
survey using either Solar Pathfindert or Solmetric
SunEyet. Any other survey tool may be used to assess the
solar resource available (see web link page).
Figure 10. Solar Pathfinder Kit
Shading
There are several things to
consider in evaluating
candidate solar array locations.
D Consider direction and tilt.
D It is also important to
consider whether there is
any significant shading of
the location during the year.
Shading reduces the
amount of energy that will be gathered over the year.
The University of Oregon has a web-based software
program that can be used to plot sun path charts for any
given location. This is useful if there is a question about
shading.
Example: For instance, a neighbor's roof might cast a
shadow during the middle of the day if the sun is below 30
elevation. You can plot a sun path chart and get an idea how
many months of the year the sun is below this elevation
during the middle of the day. In Portland, Oregon, this would
occur in December, January and part of February.
The program can be accessed at:
solardat.uoregon.edu/SunChartProgram.html
Figure 11. Solmetric SunEye
PV Watts — Web Base Program
The web based program, PV Watts Version 1, from the
National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), can be
used to estimate the monthly and annual solar energy
generation potential. (See web links) This handy tool uses
the following input data to predict output performance:
D Location
D Orientation
D Tilt Angle
D DC Nameplate Rating
D De-rating factors for the particular equipment and
installation
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The location will be set by selecting the state and nearest city
to the installation site. To determine the orientation stand on
the side of the house (facing away from the house) where the
solar modules will be installed and find out the direction (N, S,
E, W etc.) that you are facing. It is expressed in degrees with
180 equal to south. The tilt angle will be determined by the
pitch of the roof (see table 1). The DC nameplate rating is the
total DC output power of the solar modules (0.270 kW
multiplied by the number of modules to be installed.) The
de-rating factors are based on several different installation
specific factors including shading, microinverter efficiency,
voltage drop, etc. The value that should be used here for the
SunSource Home Energy System is 0.832. For more
information on how this number was derived see the
Enphase application note entitled PV Watts Calculation
Values for an Enphase Microinverter System available on
their website (see web links). If there is significant shading
use the option in PVWATTS to construct a different de-rate
factor by adjusting the component de-rate factor for shading.
Figure 12 is a sample output from the PV Watts program. It is
a 3.24 kW DC nameplate system 12 solar modules in Fort
Worth, TX. The insolation (sunshine) used is from historical
data collected at the local weather station. Note that you can
also input a local electrical cost and the program calculates
the dollar value of the generated solar energy. (If you do not
input a local electrical rate, the program uses a default value
for the average rate for the state.)
Table 1. PV Array Tilt Angle by Roof Pitch
Roof Pitch Tilt Angle (º)
4 IN 12 18.4
5 IN 12 22.6
6 IN 12 26.6
7 IN 12 30.3
8 IN 12 33.7
9 IN 12 36.9
10 IN 12 39.8
11 IN 12 42.5
12 IN 12 45.0
Homeowners Associations (HOA)
HOAs may have rules regarding the
placement of solar PV modules. It is
important to find out what limitations may
be imposed by HOA by-laws. Typically, it is
the responsibility of the homeowner to
identify any HOA restrictions, if any.
System Component Locations
The locations of the electric service entrance, the solar
modules and the HVAC outdoor unit should be mapped out.
In most cases, the electrical distribution panel will be near
the service entrance. Determine what the local utility
company's requirements are for routing wires from the solar
modules.
Figure 12. Sample Output
The program can be used to judge the impact of the
variations from optimal roof orientation and pitch by first
running the case for south and tilt angle equal to latitude.
Note the annual output. Next, rerun for the actual orientation
and roof pitch to see how the output changes.
Example: Some utilities require a solar PV disconnect within
sight of the service entrance. There must also be a solar
disconnect within sight of the HVAC outdoor unit. Typically,
two disconnects will need to be installed if the two
requirements cannot be met with a single disconnect. The
Enphase DC and AC connectors have been listed as suitable
for load disconnecting means. Remember, it is acceptable to
wire the output of the solar system back to the distribution
panel, if it makes more sense. An example of this would be
the case in which the HVAC outdoor unit is on the north side
of the home, but the solar modules, service entrance and
distribution panel are on the south side.
SOLAR PV
DISCONNECT
SWITCH
HVAC DISCONNECT
SWITCH
Figure 13. Solar PV Disconnect
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Internet Access
An internet connection, with broadband router is required for
the Envoy Communication Gateway to connect to the
monitoring service.
Distribution Panel
The utility-interactive SunSource® Home Energy System is
for split-phase power (typical residential service) and will
only interconnect and supply power if the grid power meets
the following specification:
D L1–L2 voltage measures between 211 volts and\ 264
volts.
D Line to neutral/ground voltage measures between 106
and 132 volts.
D Frequency measures between 59.3 Hz and 60.5 Hz
Roof Site Survey (Module Mounting, Penetration and
Fire Safety
Figure 14. Broadband Router
The Envoy Communication Gateway is an integral
component of the SunSource® Home Energy System. It
operates between the microinverters on the solar modules
and the Enphase Enlighten™ performance monitoring
website and analysis system. The Envoy functions as a
gateway and monitors the microinverters that are connected
to the modules. NOTE — For more detailed information refer
to Enphase manual.
Figure 15. Envoy Communication Gateway
The roof itself should be evaluated.
D Fall protection for workers is addressed in OSHA
Directive STD 03-00-0-0.
D All necessary re-roofing should be performed before
installing solar modules.
D There must be enough area for the solar modules (one
module requires about 20 square feet).
D Note the style of the roof — Composition (asphalt)
shingles, flat (cement) tile, S or barrel tile and
standing-seam.
D Mark the location of skylights and plumbing vents. Solar
modules cannot block these openings in the roof.
D Fire departments request that solar modules not be
placed within three feet of the roof's apex. Modules
should be set back from the eaves by a few feet and a
pathway, three feet wide, should always be left from the
eaves to ridge.
PLACE LABEL NEXT TO HVAC OUTDOOR UNIT
CIRCUIT BREAKER
Figure 16. Breaker Installation Location
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Main Dist
Panel
MAIN
NOTE — HVAC OUTDOOR UNIT
CIRCUIT BREAKER MUST BE MOVED
TO THE OPPOSITE END OF PANEL /
LOAD CENTER FROM THE MAIN
BREAKER.
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SunSource® Home Energy System —
Components
FEATURED SYSTEM COMPONENTS
®
Dave Lennox Signature
Capacity Air Conditioner
Collection XC25 Variable
LENNOX[ SOLAR SUB-PANEL
The Lennox Solar Sub-Panel replaces the
factory piping panel on the outdoor unit and
provides circuit breaker protection and power
entry for both HVAC (line) and solar power wiring.
D Energy Star
®
-qualified.
D Up to 25.00 SEER
efficiency.
D iComfort™-enabled
control.
D Precise Comfortt
technology.
D SilentComfortt
technology.
D Quiet operation, as low
as 59 dB.
D R-410A refrigerant.
D Dependable and efficient
two-stage scroll compressor.
D SmartHinget louvered coil protection.
D Optimized for use with the Humiditrol
dehumidification system.
Dave Lennox Signature® Collection XP25 Variable
Capacity Heat Pumps
D Energy Star
®
qualified.
®
whole-home
D Up to 21.00 SEER efficiency.
D iComfort™-enabled control.
D SilentComfortt technology.
D Quiet operation, as low as 69 dB.
D R-410A refrigerant.
D Dependable and efficient two-stage scroll compressor.
D SmartHinget louvered coil protection.
D Optimized for use with the Humiditrol
dehumidification system.
Also available - XC21 Two-Stage, XC17 Single-Stage
Air Conditioners and XP21 Two-Stage and XP17
Single-Stage Heat Pumps
See separate Product Specification bulletins for complete
information.
BASIC SYSTEM REQUIREMENTS
®
whole-home
D Sufficient open roof space.
D Broadband internet connection.
D Homeowner association approval (where applicable).
D 240 VAC, single phase electrical service.
D Grid interconnection agreement.
D Sub-Panel is equipped with separate circuit
breakers for both HVAC (line) voltage and
solar power.
D Equipped with pigtail connections for easy
field wiring.
D Sub-Panel is an ETL-listed accessory.
D Split design (upper/lower panel) allows
installation on differently sized outdoor units.
Sub-Panel is furnished with three separate
lower panels.
Note - Sub-Panel is not backward compatible with older
Dave Lennox Signature Collection outdoor units.
D Disconnects for HVAC (line) and solar power wiring are
not furnished and must be field-provided.
SOLAR MODULES
D Captures solar energy to converts into AC power
through the Enphase Microinverter.
D Laminated solar module structure consists of the solar
glass, two ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) sheets, the solar
cell matrix and a back sheet.
D Thick lowiron safety glass withstands extreme weather
conditions and heavy snow loads.
D Solar modules are ETL/Intertek listed for the US and
Canada to UL Standard 1703 and meet National and
Canadian Electrical Code requirements.
D Extended cable lengths for easier installation.
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SYSTEM MONITORING
Envoy Communications Gateway (Communications
Booster Furnished)
The Envoy Communications Gateway monitors
microinverter (on solar modules) performance and can be
connected to a broadband internet connection to send data
to the Enphase Enlighten™ web site for online monitoring by
the homeowner. The Envoy Communications Gateway is
not required, but must be used if system performance
monitoring is desired. Limited system monitoring is also
available locally with the Envoy Communications Gateway
and a personal computer if no internet connection is
available.
Various Event Messages are also available when monitoring
the system via a personal computer locally.
Contents - (1) Envoy Communications Gateway, (1)
Communications Booster, (1) 6 ft. power cord, (1) 10 ft.
Ethernet cable, communications booster.
CSA (US/C) listed.
The Envoy Communications Gateway includes a
Communications Booster which may or may not be needed
depending upon how far the Envoy is away from the solar
modules
Communications Booster
Ethernet bridge signal booster for the Envoy
Communications Gateway. Booster is only needed if the
communications gateway is installed and signal is not strong
enough in the installed location. Allows the unit to be plugged
into an outlet closer to the distribution panel, yet still plug into
the broadband router.
Enphase Enlighten™ Performance Monitoring
Website
Powered by the Envoy Communications Gateway, the
Enphase Enlighten™ Performance Monitoring website
allows the homeowner to keep track of home energy usage
and see environmental benefits in real time.
See demos, view reference installations and other additional
information at: http://enlighten.enphaseenergy.com/
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SUNSOURCE® HOME ENERGY SYSTEM AND SOLARWORLD® PRE-ENGINEERED KITS - COMPONENTS
PACKAGE ACCESSORIES
LENNOX® SOLAR SUB-PANEL
NOTE
The Lennox® Solar SubPanel for the outdoor unit must be ordered separately. See below for ordering information.
Order one per outdoor unit. Replaces the outdoor unit piping panel and provides the connection
between the solar modules and outdoor unit.
SOLARWORLD® PRE-ENGINEERED KITS - COMPONENTS
Description No. of Components in Kit
Number of Modules 4 6 8 12 16
Solar Modules, Enphase Microinverter and Monitoring Components
Solar Module 270W (Silver) or 265W (Black) Mono 4 6 8 12 16
Enphase Microinverter (M215) 4 6 8 12 16
Enphase Envoy Communications Gateway (Communica
tions Booster Furnished)
Enphase Engage Cable
1 1 1 1 1
62E02
Enphase Engage Cable, 240V Trunk Cable Port, portrait
aligned (no. of connectors)
Enphase Engage Cable Terminator 1 1 1 1 1
Enphase Engage Disconnect Tool 1 1 1 1 1
Enphase Engage Watertight Sealing Cap 1 1 2 2
Enphase Microinverter Mounting Components
LBracket for microinverter, 100 mm, clear anodized alu
minum, adjustment slots and serrated mating surfaces
4 7 9 14 18
4 6 8 12 16
Page 13
Page 14
SOLARWORLD® PRE-ENGINEERED KITS - COMPONENTS (CONTINUED)
Description No. of Components in Kit
Number of Modules 4 6 8 12 16
Flange Nut, 5/16”16 serrated edge, 188 stainless steel 5 7 9 13 18
Truss Screw, HD, 5/16”18 x 0.75”, 188 stainless steel 5 7 9 13 18
Composition Shingle Roof Mount Mount/Flashing with base
block, hanger bolt and hardware, 12” x 12” (305 x 305
mm), Black or Silver
8 12 16 24 32
Standing Seam Roof Mount, S5!® S5U M8
Trapezoid Metal Roof Mount, S5!® VersaBracket
8 12 16 24 32
8 12 16 24 32
Flat Tile Roof Mount, 18” x 18”, Quick Mount PV QBase
Universal Tile, Black or Silver
S Tile Roof Mount, 18” x 18”, Quick Mount PV QBase,
Black or Silver
Rail, two modules,122 in. (3099 mm) length 4
Rail, three modules, 162 in. (4115 mm) length 2 4 6 8
8 12 16 24 32
8 12 16 24 32
Rail Splice Bar Connector 2 4 4
Top Clamp Assembly (M8 bolt with channel nut and bolt
positioning retainer), 11/4 in. (31 mm),
silver or black
14 20 24 34 48
Page 14
Page 15
SOLARWORLD® PRE-ENGINEERED KITS - COMPONENTS (CONTINUED)
Description No. of Components in Kit
Number of Modules 4 6 8 12 16
End Clamp Aluminum Spacer, 11/4 in. (31 mm), silver or
black
Flange Nut, M8, serrated edge, stainless steel 16 22 28 40 56
TBolt M8 x 20, stainless steel 13 19 25 37 50
LBracket, clear anodized aluminum 8 12 16 24 32
Wire Clip, 10AWG, 50pack 1 1 1 1 1
6 10 10 14 20
Cable Ties, 13”, UV resistant, black, 50pack 1 1 1 1 1
Ground Lug, WEEB 8.0, tin plated, layin 5 7 9 13 18
Ground Screw, 10pack 1 1 1 2 2
Railequipment Ground WEEBlug 8.0 with Tbolt as
sembly
WEEB DPF Module Grounding Clip. 8 12 16 24 32
3 5 5 7 10
Page 15
Page 16
SOLARWORLD® PRE-ENGINEERED KITS - COMPONENTS (CONTINUED)
Description No. of Components in Kit
Number of Modules 4 6 8 12 16
Rail splice ground jumper WEEB 8.0 preassembled with
Tbolts
Hex Bit, T402”, 1/4” shank 1 1 1 1 1
Rooftop Junction Box, Sola deck JBOX,
Composition with flashing or Flat Tile/S Tile
Soladeck 1 Branch AC Pass thru Kit, used with Rooftop
Junction Box
NOTE Additional items not included that may be required for installation: Lightning arrestors, array marking, or site specific system detail plaques,
conduit, conduit fittings, ground/bonding conductor, AC disconnect switch, roof sealant.
3 5 8
1 1 1 1 1
1 1 1 1 1
Page 16
Page 17
Microinverter
How the Microinverter Works
The microinverter maximizes energy production from the
solar module array. Each microinverter is individually
installed on one solar module in the array.
This unique configuration means that an individual
Maximum Peak Power Point Tracker (MPPT) controls each
solar module. This insures that the maximum power
available from each solar module is exported to the utility grid
regardless of the performance of the other solar modules in
the array.
Even if individual solar modules in the array are affected by
shading, soiling or orientation, the microinverter insures
optimum performance for each associated solar module.
The result is maximum energy production from the
SunSource® Home Energy System system.
Microinverter Status LED Indications and Error
Reporting
Startup LED Operation:
Six short green blinks when DC power is first applied to the
microinverter indicates a successful microinverter startup
sequence.
Six short red blinks when DC power is first applied to the
microinverter indicates a failure during microinverter startup.
Post-Startup LED Operations:
D Flashing Green - Producing power and communicating
with Envoy
D Flashing Orange – Producing power and not
communicating with Envoy
D Flashing Red – Not producing power
GFDI Fault:
A solid red status LED when DC power has been cycled,
indicates the microinverter has detected a ground fault
(GFDI) error. The LED will remain red and the fault will
continue to be reported by the Envoy until the error has been
cleared. The error can only be cleared via the Envoy after the
ground fault condition has been remedied.
Other Faults:
All other faults are reported to the Envoy.
Page 17
Page 18
M215 and M250 Microinverter Operating Parameters
Model No. M215 M250
INPUT DATA (DC)
Recommended Input Power (STC) 190270W 210 300W
Maximum Input DC Voltage 45V 48V
Peak Power Tracking Voltage 22V 36V 22V 39V
Operating Range 16V 36V 16V 48V
Min./Max Start Voltage 22V / 45V 22V / 48V
Max. DC Short Circuit Current 15A 15A
Max. Input Current 10.5A 9.8A
OUTPUT DATA (AC)
Voltage 208 VAC 240 VAC 208 VAC 240 VAC
Maximum Output Power 224W 224W 250W 250W
Rated (continuous) output power 215W 215W 240W 240W
Nominal Output Current
Nominal Voltage / Range 208V / 183 229V 240V / 211 264V 208V / 183 229V 240V / 211 264V
Extended Voltage / Range 208V / 179 232V 240V / 206 269V N/A N/A
Nominal Frequency / Range 60.0 / 59.3 60.5 Hz 60.0 / 59.3 60.5 Hz 60.0 / 57 61 Hz 60.0 / 57 61 Hz
1
Extended Frequency / Range
Power Factor >0.95 >0.95 >0.95 >0.95
Maximum Units Per 20A Branch Circuit 25 (three phase) 17 (single phase) 24 (three phase) 16 (three phase)
Maximum Output Fault Current
EFFICIENCY
CEC Weighted Efficiency 96% 96.5%
Peak Inverter Efficiency 96.3% 96.0%
Static MPPT Efficiency (weighted, reference
EN50530)
Night Time Power Consumption 46mW max 65mW max
MECHANICAL DATA
Ambient Temperature Range 40°F to 149°F
Operating Temperature Range (Internal) 40°F to 185°F
Dimensions (W x H x D) less mounting bracket 6.8 in. x 6.45 in. x 1 in. 6.8 in. x 6.8 x 1 in.
Weight 3.5 lbs. 4.5 lbs.
Cooling Natural Convection No Fans
Enclosure Environmental Rating Outdoor NEMA 6
FEATURES
Compatibility Pairs with most 60cell PV Solar Modules
Communication Power Line
Warranty 25year Limited Warranty
Monitoring Free Lifetime Monitoring via Enlighten Software
Compliance UL1741/IEEE1547, FCC Part 15 Class B
1 Frequency ranges can be extended beyond nominal if required by the utility.
1.0A (A
60.0 / 59.2 60.6 Hz 60.0 / 59.2 60.6 Hz 57 62.5 Hz 57 62.5 Hz
1.05 A
at nomin
RMS
al duration)
over 3 cycles; 25.2 A
RMS
0.9A (A
duration
99.3% 96.5%
CAN/CSAC22.2 NO. 0M91, 0.404, and 107.101
at nomin
RMS
al duration)
1.74ms
PEAK
1.15A (A
nominal duration)
RMS
850 mA
at
RMS
1.0A (A
RMS
inal duration)
for 6 cycles
at nom
Page 18
Page 19
SYSTEM MODULE LAYOUT (EXAMPLE)
Figure 17. System Module Layout
Wiring
Table 2 reflects the recommended wire sizing for the wiring
between the junction box at the beginning of the branch and
the solar disconnect.
The lengths are calculated for a 1.5% maximum voltage
drop. The values take into account the 6' of 14AWG wire
between the individual microinverters.
NOTE - For more detailed information refer to Enphase -
Microinverter System Installation and Operation Manual.
Table 2. Maximum Wire Length — Feet (Meters)
Number of Solar Modules per Branch
Wire Size
(AWG)
7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
10 148 (45) 130 (40) 11 5 (35) 104 (32) 94 (29) 87 (27) 80 (24) 74 (23) 69 (21) 65 (20)
8 237 (72) 207 (63) 184 (56) 166 (51) 151 (46) 138 (42) 127 (39) 118 (36) 11 0 (34) 103 (31)
6 375 (114) 328 (100) 292 (89) 263 (80) 239 (73) 219 (67) 202 (62) 188 (57) 175 (53) 164 (50)
Wire length maximum distance from solar modules to HVAC unit.
Page 19
Page 20
SYSTEM ELECTRICAL LAYOUT
Multiple inverter / module pairs, up
to 16 (0.9 amp each, 15.3 amps max),
can be used in one string. Modules are
bonded, for grounding purposes, by
inter-module mechanical connections.
For M250 applications, 16 inverter / module
pairs can be used in one string.
*
Figure 18. SunSource® Home Energy System Electrical Layout
Page 20
*
Page 21
Figure 19. Lennox® Solar Sub-Panel Electrical Diagram
WARNING AND SAFETY
1. Before installing or using the AC module, read all
instructions and cautionary markings.
2. Do NOT disconnect the PV module from the
microinverter without removing AC power.
3. Perform electrical installation in accordance with all
electrical codes
4. Solar modules generate electricity when exposed to light
and can cause lethal shock and burn hazards.
5. Be aware that only qualified personnel should install,
service and/or replace AC modules. The system
involves electricity, and can be dangerous if installation
personnel are not familiar with the appropriate safety
procedures.
6. Do not attempt to repair the AC module. It contains no
user-serviceable parts. If it fails, please contact Andalay
customer service to obtain an RMA number and start the
Page 21
replacement process. Tampering with or opening the
Andalay AC module or Enphase Microinverter will void
the warranty.
7. Connect the AC module to the electrical utility grid only
after receiving prior approval from the utility company.
8. To reduce electric shock possibility, do not wear metallic
jewelry
9. Do not expose solar modules to sunlight concentrated
with mirrors, lenses or similar means
10. Do not strike the glass surface of the module with heavy
or sharp objects or walk on the solar module.
11. Do not scratch the back sheet (behind the glass) of the
solar module. Use approved glass cleaning products on
modules.
12. Do not block frame drain holes.
Page 22
Start Up and Checkout of System
COMMISSIONING
Start up and checkout of system
Outdoor Unit
Refer to the maintenance section in the installation
instructions provided with the outdoor unit.
Solar Modules
1. Install the AC branch circuit junction box.
Use electrical system components approved for wet
locations only. Connect the open wire end of the AC
interconnection cable into the junction box using
appropriate strain relief fittings. Do not connect the
connector end to the Andalay AC panels at this
time, as this is to be done during during the
commissioning step.
2. Verify the connections of the microinverter
wiring harnesses.
Each microinverter comes with one 4-pin receptacle and
one 70-inch AC wire harness with multi-pin connectors.
The AC connectors are oppositely sexed, so that
multiple microinverters can be connected to form one
continuous AC branch circuit.
S Install a protective end cap on the open AC
connector of the last microinverter in the AC branch
circuit.
S Wait to connect the first microinventer to the AC
interconnection cable until step 4. All AC
interconnection cables have four conductors. Do not
exceed 15 microinverters in an AC branch circuit, as
displayed on the unit-rating label.
3. Complete the microinverter installation map.
The microinverter installation map is a diagram of the
physical location of each microinverter in your system. If
you have purchased an Envoy Communications
Gateway, follow the included quickstart monitoring guide
to complete the microinverter installation map.
Page 22
Page 23
4. Commissioning
Ensure that all AC wiring is correct. Ensure that none of
the AC and DC wires are pinched or damaged. Ensure
that all junction boxes are properly closed.
To commission the AC system:
A Turn ON the AC disconnect or circuit breaker on the
microinverter AC branch circuit. Check the voltages
on the AC interconnection cable pins to ensure
proper wiring. Please verify proper AC cable
voltage prior to connecting to live voltage or
connecting the harness to the Andalay AC
string (see figure 18). Failure to properly
connecting the wires can result in severe
damage and void the warranty.
B Turn OFF the AC disconnect or circuit breaker and
connect the AC interconnection cable to the
string/branch.
C Turn ON the AC disconnect or circuit breaker. Your
system will start producing power after a five-minute
wait time.
D The AC microinverters will start to send
performance data over household wiring to the
Envoy. The time required for all the microinverters in
the system to report to the Envoy will vary with the
number of microinverters in the system. The first
units should be detected within 15 minutes;
however, the entire system could take hours to
detect. Please refer to the Envoy installation and
operation manual for further information.
The microinverter is powered on when sufficient sunlight hits
the solar panel. The status LED will flash green six times
indicating proper start-up.
In the event of a PV ground-fault detector interrupter (GFDI)
failure, the status LED will display continuous red after the
fault occurs. This will persist until AC power is cycled to the
microinverter.
System Equipment Maintenance
MATERIAL AND TOOLS LIST
D Manufacturer's literature and troubleshooting guides.
D Volt- ohm meter
D Gauges
D Thermometer
D Assortment of screwdrivers, nut drivers and wrenches.
WARNING
Electric Shock Hazard. Can cause injury or
death. Unit must be grounded in
accordance with national and local codes.
Line voltage is present at all components
when unit is not in operation on units with
single‐pole contactors. Disconnect all
remote electric power supplies before
opening access panel. Unit may have
multiple power supplies.
OUTDOOR UNIT
Refer to the maintenance section in the installation
instructions provided with the outdoor unit.
SOLAR MODULES
D Check for any shading problems caused by new plant
growth.
D If dirt build-up becomes excessive, clean the glass
surface only with a soft cloth using water. Avoid solvents
and strong detergents.
D Once a year, have qualified service personnel check the
general condition of the wiring and check to be sure that
mounting hardware is tight.
MICROINVENTER AND MONITORING DEVICES
These devices have no maintenance requirements.
Troubleshooting
COMMON SYSTEM FAILURES
D Check for blown fuses, tripped breakers or poor
electrical connections.
D Check system for proper system voltage and current.
OUTDOOR UNIT
Refer to Lennox Service Manual for troubleshooting
information
SOLAR MODULES AND MICROINVERTERS
1. Troubleshooting
Adhere to all the safety measures described throughout
this document. Qualified personnel can use the following
troubleshooting steps if the solar system does not
operate correctly:
WARNING
Do not attempt to repair the microinverter; it contains no
user-serviceable parts. If it fails, please contact Enphase
customer service to obtain an RMA number and start the
replacement process.
Microinverter Status LED Indications and Error
Reporting
Start-Up LED Operation:
D Six short green blinks when DC power is first applied to
the microinverter indicate a successful microinverter
start up sequence.
D Six short red blinks when DC power is first applied to the
microinverter indicate a failure during microinverter
start-up.
Post-Start-Up LED Operation:
D Flashing Green — System is producing power and
communicating with Envoy.
D Flashing Orange — System is producing power and not
communicating with Envoy.
D Flashing Red - System is not producing power.
Page 23
Page 24
GFDI Fault
A solid red status LED when DC power has been cycled
indicates the microinverter has detected a GFDI error. The
LED will remain red and the fault will continue to be reported
by the Envoy until the error has been cleared. The error can
only be cleared via the Envoy after the ground fault condition
has been remedied. Contact Enphase customer support for
assistance.
Other Faults
All other faults are reported to the Envoy. Refer to the Envoy
installation and operation manual for a list of additional faults
and troubleshooting procedures.
WARNING
Always disconnect AC power before disconnecting the
solar panel wires from the microinverter. The AC connector
of the first microinverter in a branch circuit is suitable as a
disconnecting means once the AC branch circuit breaker
in the load center has been opened.
2. Troubleshooting an Inoperable microinverter (for
experienced installers)
To troubleshoot an inoperable microinverter, follow the
steps in the order shown:
A Check the connection to the utility grid. Verify the
utility voltage and frequency is within allowable
ranges shown in the technical data section of the
Andalay AC System Install Tips. Verify utility power
is present at the microinverter in question by
removing AC, then DC power. Never disconnect the
DC wires while the microinverter is producing power.
Re-connect the DC panel connectors and watch for
six short LED flashes.
B Check the AC branch circuit interconnection
harness between all the microinverters. Verify each
microinverter is energized by the utility grid as
described in the previous step.
C Make sure that any AC disconnects are functioning
properly and are closed.
D Verify the PV panel DC voltage is within the
allowable range shown in the Technical Data page of
this document.
E Check the DC connections between the
microinverter and the solar panel.
F If the problem persists, please call customer support
at Andalay Solar.
3. Disconnecting the microinverter from the solar panel
To ensure the microinverter is not disconnected from the
PV panels under load, adhere to the following
disconnection steps in the order shown:
A Disconnect the AC by opening the branch circuit
breaker, or disconnect.
B Disconnect the first AC connector in the branch
circuit.
C Cover the panel with an opaque cover.
D Using a DC current probe, verify there is no current
flowing in the DC wires between the Andalay panel
and the microinverter.
E Care should be taken when measuring DC currents,
most clamp-on meters must be zeroed first and tend
to drift with time.
F Disconnect the Andalay panel DC wire connectors
from the microinverter.
G Remove the microinverter from the Andalay AC
frame.
MONITORING SYSTEM
The following sections describe possible problems. For
information on system status and events messages see
Enphase Envoy event messages on page 21.
Potential Problems and Solutions
IP Address Problem: If the IP address displayed on the
Envoy's LCD window does not match the dynamic host
configuration protocol (DHCP) subnet on your internal
network and shows something beginning with 169.254.x.x,
this means that it was unsuccessful in obtaining a DHCP
lease from your router.
D Check network connectivity to the router or other DHCP
server. You may also wish to contact your internet
service provider or refer to your router documentation for
assistance.
LCD Window Displays — Web: This means that the Envoy
could not connect to the internet to find an network time
protocol (NTP) server and could not connect to the Enlighten
website.
D Check network connectivity to the premises router or
switch. You may also wish to contact your internet
service provider or refer to your router documentation for
assistance.
Page 24
Page 25
LCD Window Displays — Envoy Failure +Web or -Web:
This message displays after the Envoy has tried
unsuccessfully three times to initialize. At this point, the
Envoy attempts to open a virtual private network (VPN)
tunnel to allow Enphase to perform remote diagnostics
addressing the problem. This attempt to open a VPN tunnel
occurs every hour on the hour. If successfully opened, the
tunnel stays open for 50 minutes. The Envoy displays Envoy
Failure +Web to indicate that the tunnel is open. After the 50
minute period, the tunnel is closed and the -Web indication
may again be displayed.
NOTE — Attempts to open a tunnel continue until recovery
takes place, at which point the Envoy resumes normal
operation.
Microinverter count does not match number of installed
units: This message may indicate that the Envoy has not
finished scanning/discovering the entire array. It may
indicate that the Envoy is having difficulty communicating
over the power lines. It could also be a result of low light
levels and the module voltage is too low for the microinverter
to power-up.
D Try plugging the Envoy into a different electrical socket
that is closer to your main electrical panel. Also, make
sure that the Envoy is plugged directly into the wall and
not into a power strip or surge protector.
ENVOY LOCAL INTERFACE
Connection to the Enphase Enlighten™ web-based
monitoring and analysis website requires an Internet
connection. However, if there is no Internet access at the
installation site, it is still possible to communicate directly
with the Envoy using the ethernet port and a personal
computer with a web browser. The following steps describe
how to access the Envoy and the data that is available
through the local connection.
1. Connect one end of the ethernet cable supplied with the
Envoy to the Envoy port labeled ethernet.
2. Connect the other end of the ethernet cable to the RJ45
network port of the computer.
3. Open the Internet browser application on the computer.
4. In the browser address window, enter the IP address
displayed in the LCD window of the Envoy (for example
- 192.194.2.141).
S Subnet to 169.254.120.2
S Subnet mask to 255.255.0.0
If you still fail to make a connection, try to manually
configure your subnet. Call Enphase customer support
at 877-797-4743.
Home Screen
Once the browser has successfully connected with the
Envoy, the following screen is displayed in the browser. This
home screen provides a system overview and shows the
current status of the microinverters that have been identified
by this Envoy. From this screen, you can access other
screens in the interface.
Page 25
Page 26
Production Screen
To view system energy production statistics for your system, click Production from the Envoy home screen to navigate to
the production screen.
Inventory Screen
To view a listing of the microinverters in your system, click Inventory from any screen to navigate to the inventory screen.
Page 26
Page 27
Event Messages
The table below lists messages that the Envoy can produce to indicate certain conditions. These messages appear on the
screen when your computer is connected to the Envoy local interface. These messages can provide Enphase customer
support with valuable information, should you need to call for assistance.
Page 27
Page 28
Page 28
Page 29
Warranty
Dave Lennox Signature® Collection air conditioners and
heat pumps have a 10-year limited warranty. The Lennox
Solar Sub-Panel accessory is also covered by a 10-year
limited warranty.
The PV AC module consists of several components, each of
which is covered by its own warranty. The frame on the panel
and the balance of the system components (roof mounting
hardware, etc.) are covered by a 10−year limited warranty.
The solar module is covered by a 10−year workmanship
warranty and also has a power output guarantee. The power
output guarantee states that the output of the module will not
degrade over time more than a set percentage of 0.7% per
year for 25 years. The micro-inverter has a 25 year limited
warranty. The Envoy Communication Gateway has a one (1)
year warranty. Warranty for these items are handled by their
respective manufactures.
Item Warranty
DLSC SunSource Outdoor
Unit
Lennox Solar Sub-Panel
Accessory (circuit breakers
only)
Solar module (except panel
i.e., frame, hardware, etc)
25year limited performance guar
antee that covers a 97% output for
Solar panel performance
Microinverter 15 years
Envoy communication gate
way
one year and an annual solar mod
ule output decline of less than 0.7%
for 24 years.
10 years
10 years
10 years
1 year
Nominal Operating Cell Temperature (NOCT) — The
reference module operating temperature presented on
manufacturer's literature. Generally the NOCT is referenced
®
at 25C (77 F).
Open-circuit voltage (Voc) — The maximum possible
voltage across a photovoltaic module; the voltage across the
module in sunlight when no current is flowing.
Photovoltaic peak watt — Maximum rated output of a
module, or system. Typical rating conditions are 0.645 watts
per square inch (1000 watts per square meter) of sunlight,
20C (68F ) ambient temperature and 6.2 x10
-3
mi/s (1 m/s)
wind speed.
Power Factor — The ratio of the average power and the
apparent volt-amperes.
PV – Abbreviation for photovoltaic.
Short-circuit current (Isc) — The current flowing freely
from a photovoltaic module through an external circuit that
has no load or resistance; the maximum current possible.
Voltage at Maximum Power (Vmp) — The voltage at which
maximum power is available from a module.
Watt-hour (Wh) — A quantity of electrical energy when one
watt is used for one hour.
Solar Resources on the Web
ENPHASE ENERGY
Contact options for support of questions regarding
product, installation, operation or warranty
www.enphaseenergy.com
Glossary
Microinverter — A microinverter is a device that converts
the direct current output of a single solar panel into
grid-compliant alternating current power.
Module — The technical term for a solar panel.
NEC — National Electrical Code which contains safety
guidelines and required practices for all types of electrical
installations. Article 690 pertains to solar photovoltaic
systems.
Net Metering — Allows the exchange of any surplus energy
produced by the PV system. This means that the electric
meter spins backward when power is flowing from the home
to the utility and spins forward when power is flowing from the
utility to the home. At the end of the month, only the net
consumption is billed to the homeowner.
DSIRE
Database of state incentives and efficiency.
www.dsireusa.org
SOLAR ENERGY INTERNATIONAL
Information on renewable energy resources.
www.solarenergy.org
NATIONAL RENEWABLE ENERGY LABORATORY
(NREL)
NREL is the only federal laboratory dedicated to the
research, development, commercialization and
deployment of renewable energy and energy efficiency
technologies.
www.nrel.gov
Page 29
Page 30
FLORIDA SOLAR ENERGY CENTER
Although many people think that our research is targeted
only at solutions for tomorrow, much of what we do
creates technologies for today.
www.fsec.ucf.edu
SOLAR TRAINING AND CONSULTATION
North American Board of Certified Energy Practitioners
www.nabcep.org
HOMEPOWER MAGAZINE
Information resource.
www.homepower.com
SOLAR PATHFINDERtor SOLMETRIC SUNEYEt
Manufacturers and distributors of site shade analysis
tool used to aid in site selection
www.solarpathfinder.com
www.solmetric.com
SOLARBUZZ
®
Information resources for solar energy organizations.
www.solarbuzz.com./CompanyListings/UnitedStat
es8.htm
SOLAR AMERICA BOARD FOR CODES AND
STANDARDS
The Solar America Board for Codes and Standards
(Solar ABCs) is a collaborative effort among experts to
formally gather and prioritize input from the broad
spectrum of solar photovoltaic stakeholders including
policy makers, manufacturers, installers, and
consumers resulting in coordinated recommendations
to codes and standards making bodies for existing and
new solar technologies. The U.S. Department of Energy
funds Solar ABCs as part of its commitment to facilitate
wide-spread adoption of safe, reliable, and
cost-effective solar technologies.
www.solarabcs.org
SOLARPRO
SolarPro is a high-quality technical publication available
to qualifying solar industry professionals. Subscriptions
are free. Highly recommended.
www.solarprofessional.com
ENPHASE ENERGY - ALL PUBLIC SYSTEMS
Select the following link as an example of a 15-module
system SunSource
®
System
.
https://enlighten.enphaseenergy.com/public/systems/
D72j46363
CALIFORNIA DEPARTMENT OF FORESTRY AND FIRE
PROTECTION
California Department of Forestry and Fire Protection,
Solar Photovoltaic Installation Guideline (dealing with
fire safety issues)
www.osfm.fire.ca.gov/pdf/reports/solarphotovoltai
cguideline.pdf
UNIVERSITY OF OREGON SOLAR RADIATION
LABORATORY
University of Oregon Solar Radiation Laboratory sun
path chart program.
solardat.uoregon.edu/SunChartProgram.html
Page 30
Page 31
Appendix A — Roof Pitch
0/12 0 deg
2/12 9.46 deg
4/12 18.43 deg
6/12 26.57 deg
8/12 33.69 deg
10/12
39.81 deg
12/12
45 deg
1/12 4.76 deg
3/12 14.04 deg
5/12 22.62 deg
9/12 36.87 deg
7/12 30.26 deg
11/12
42.51 deg
13/12
47.29 deg
14/12
49.40 deg
16/12
53.13 deg
18/12
56.31 deg
20/12
59.04 deg
15/12
51.34 deg
17/12
54.78 deg
19/12
57.72 deg
21/12
60.26 deg
Page 31
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