Leica FSC User Manual
Leica FS C
Operating Manual
Bedienungsanleitung
Manuel d’utilisation
1
Published 2003 by:
Herausgegeben 2003 von:
Publié en 2003 par:
Leica Microsystems Wetzlar GmbH
Ernst-Leitz-Strasse
D-35578 Wetzlar (Germany)
Responsible for contents:
Verantwortlich für den Inhalt:
Responsable du contenu:
Katja Peter, Karin Schwab
Marketing CM, Compound Microscopy, Product Management,
Marketing CM, Compound Microscopy, Productmanagement,
Marketing CM, Compound Microscopy, Product Management ,
In case of questions, please contact:
Bei Fragen wenden Sie sich bitte an:
Pour toute question, contacter:
2
Phone +49 (0) 6441-29 2261
Fax +49 (0)64 41-2922 55
E-Mail MQM-Hotline@leica-microsystems.com
Leica FS C
Operating Manual
3
Copyrights
Copyrights
All rights to this documentation are held by
Leica Microsystems Wetzlar GmbH. Reproduction of text or illustrations (in whole or in part) by
print, photocopy, microfilm or other method (including electronic systems) is not allowed without express written permission from Leica
Microsystems Wetzlar GmbH.
The term “Windows” can be used in the following text without further identification. It is a registered trademark of the Microsoft Corporation.
Otherwise, no inference with regard to the free
usability of product names may be drawn from
the use of those names.
The instructions contained in the following documentation reflect state-of-the-art technology
and knowledge standards. We have compiled
the texts and illustrations as accurately as possible. Nevertheless, no liability of any kind may
be assumed for the accuracy of this manual’s
contents. Still, we are always grateful for comments and suggestions regarding potential mistakes within this documentation.
The information in this manual is subject to modification at any time and without prior notification.
4
Contents
Contents
1. Important Notes about this Manual ...... 6
2. Safety Notes ............................................... 7
2.1. General Safety Notes ............................... 7
2.2. Electrical Safety ........................................ 7
2.3 Weights ....................................................... 7
3. Field of Application .................................. 9
4. Installation Site ......................................... 10
5. Unpacking the Macroscope ................... 11
6. Overview of the Instrument .................... 13
7. Assembly .................................................... 14
7.1 Comparison Bridge ................................... 14
7.2 Illumination ................................................. 14
7.3 Eyepieces .................................................... 18
7.4 Objectives ................................................... 18
7.5 Cabling ......................................................... 19
8. Operation .................................................... 21
8.1 Switching on the Macroscope ............... 21
8.2 Stages .......................................................... 22
8.3 Tube ............................................................ 22
8.4 Eyepieces .................................................... 23
8.5 Brightness Setting..................................... 23
8.6 Focusing ...................................................... 23
8.7 Objectives ................................................... 24
8.8 Magnification Changer............................. 24
8.9 Diaphragm Setting .................................... 24
8.10 The Smart Move Control Panel............... 25
8.11 Adjusting the Height of the Stand .......... 25
8.12 Magnification Calibration ........................ 25
8.13 Oblique Incident Illumination .................. 26
8.14 Coaxial Incident Illumination................... 26
8.15 Transmitted Light Illumination................. 28
8.16 UV Illumination........................................... 29
9. Accessories ............................................... 30
9.1 Motorized Work Table .............................. 30
9.2 Stackable Stages ...................................... 31
9.3 Slide Holder ................................................ 33
9.4 Rotating Mechanism for
Toolmark Examination .............................. 41
9.5 Light Panel .................................................. 41
9.6 Filter for Color Contrast ............................ 42
9.7 Polarization Devices ................................. 43
9.8 Stage Scales
and Calibration Standard ......................... 44
10. Technical Data ......................................... 45
11. Care of the Comparison Macroscope .... 48
11.1 Dust Cover .................................................. 48
11.2 Cleaning....................................................... 48
11.3 Handling Acids and Alkalines ................. 49
12. Wear and Spare Parts .............................. 50
13. EU Declaration of Conformity ................. 51
5
1. Important Notes about this Manual
1. Important Notes about this Manual
Caution!
This operating manual is an essential component of the Leica FS C Comparison Macroscope, and must be read carefully before the
macroscope is put into operation or used.
Text symbols and their meanings:
(1.2)
→ page 20
!
This operating manual contains important instructions and information for the operational
safety and maintenance of the comparison macroscope and accessories. Therefore, it must be
kept and taken care of.
Numbers in parentheses such as (1.2), correspond to illustrations (in the example, Figure 1,
Item 2).
Numbers with pointer arrows (for example
→ page 20), point to a certain page of this manual.
Special safety instructions are indicated
with the triangle symbol shown here, and
have a gray background.
Caution! The macroscope and accessories can
be damaged when operated incorrectly.
Danger due to hot surface.
Explanatory note.
*
6
Item not contained in all configurations.
2. Safety Notes
2. Safety Notes
2.1 General Safety Notes
This safety class 1 device is constructed
and tested in accordance with EN 61010-1/IEC
1010-1, safety regulations for electrical measuring, control, and laboratory devices.
Caution!
In order to maintain this condition and to ensure safe operation, the user must follow the
instructions and warnings contained in this
operating manual.
Caution!
The devices and accessories described in
this operating manual have been tested for
safety and potential hazards.
The responsible Leica affiliate or the main
plant in Wetzlar must be consulted whenever the device is altered, modified or used in
conjunction with non-Leica components that
are outside of the scope of this manual.
2.2. Electrical Safety
General Specifications
For indoor use only.
Supply voltage:
Frequency:
Power input:
Fuse (power supply):
Fuse (power pack):
Ambient temperature:
Relative humidity:
Overvoltage category:
Pollution degree:
2.3 Weights
Comparison bridge:
Macro stand with stage:
Motorized work table:
90-250 V~
50-60 Hz
maximum 125 VA
F 6,3 A L 250 V -ULT 16 A L 250 V
10-36°C
maximum 80% to 30°C
II
2
15 kg
32 kg
50 kg
Unauthorized alterations to the device or
noncompliant use shall void all rights to any
warranty claims!
7
2. Safety Notes
Caution!
The power plug may only be plugged into an
outlet equipped with a grounding contact.
Do not interfere with the grounding function
by using an extension cord without a ground
wire. Any interruption of the ground wire inside or outside of the device, or release of
the ground wire connection, can cause the
device to become hazardous. Intentional
ground interruption is not permitted!
Caution!
By connecting them to ground, ancillary devices providing their own and/or separate
power supplies and which are connected to
the comparison macroscope can be connected to the same ground wire potential.
For connections without a ground connector, Leica Service must be consulted.
Caution!
The comparison macroscope’s electrical
accessory components are not protected
against water. Water can cause electric
shock.
Do not assemble the comparison macroscope and its accessory components in the
immediate vicinity of a water connection or
other areas where the possibility of water
exposure exists.
Caution!
Protect the comparison macroscope from
excessive temperature fluctuations. Such
fluctuations can lead to the accumulation of
condensation, which can damage the electrical and optical components.
Caution!
Never use any fuses as replacements other
than those of the types and the current ratings listed here. Using patched fuses or
bridging the fuse holder is not permitted.
8
Caution!
Before exchanging the fuses or lamps, be
absolutely certain to switch-off the main
power switch and remove the power cable.
3. Field of Application
3. Field of Application
Comparisons of small surfaces or profiles need
to be performed with sufficient precision, if the
objects of comparison can be observed simultaneously.
If only a macroscope with just one image beam
input is available for such comparisons, then,
depending on the interruption of observation by
a change of objective, high demands are made
on the memory of the observer. Therefore, it is
impossible to rule out incorrect interpretation in
the case of objects with very minor differences
in the surface or profile.
The Leica FS C (Forensic Solution Comparison)
Macroscope with two image beam inputs is designed for comparing structures of items such
as those listed below in split images and composite images in forensic laboratories, document printing facilities, mints and banks, and
documenting the results on photographs and
videos:
– Evidence on fired ammunition pieces
– Toolmarks
–Manufacturing traces on adhesive tape
– Playback traces on magnetic tape
– Documents
–Writing samples
– Banknotes
– Stamps
– Coins
– etc.
Illumination equipment are available for incident
light (including UV light) and transmitted light.
9
4. Installation Site
4. Installation Site
Caution:
Ensure that the workplace area is free of oil
and chemical fumes. Vibrations, direct sunlight and strong temperature fluctuations interfere with measurements as well as microphotography and image documentation.
The basic prerequisite is a stable instrument table of optimum height (70–80 cm). Combined
with an ergonomically correct, adjustable chair,
these are the basic requirements for fatiguefree microscopy.
Allowable ambient conditions
Temperature 10–36 °C
Relative humidity max. 80% up to 30°C
Macroscopes in warm and warm-damp climatic
zones require special care in order to prevent
the build up of fungus.
For additional instructions, see the chapter entitled “Care of the Comparison Macroscope”
page 48.
→
Caution:
Electrical components must be assembled at
least 10 cm from the wall and away from
flammable substances.
Fig. 1 Leica FS C with adjustable-height work table and
ergonomic working chair
10
5. Unpacking the Macroscope
5. Unpacking the Macroscope
The stand is delivered in a solid box with packaging inserts.
The delivery includes the following components:
• Stand with base and control panel, as well as
the stages, which are already installed. The
stand is equipped with two carrying handles.
• Comparison bridge with integrated tube
• One or two cold light sources
• Accessory case with slide holder
• Optical accessories
• Oblique incident illuminator
• Optional accessories
Fig. 2 Stand with carrying handles
1 Removable carrying handle
2 Transport anchors
11
When unpacking the equipment, follow these instructions:
• After opening the box, first remove the comparison bridge and then the cardboard boxes,
which hold the accessories.
• Lift the stand out of the carton by its carrying
handles (2.1).
!
Caution!
When lifting the macroscope out of the packaging, and when transporting it to its installation site, carry it by its handles only.
Caution:
Note that the stand weighs approx. 32 kg.
Two people are required to lift it out if its
packaging and carry it to its installation site.
Later, the carrying handles can be unscrewed
and removed from the upper part of the macroscope. Then, seal the threaded holes using
seal plugs.
22
11
5. Unpacking the Macroscope
• Carefully remove all components from the
transportation and packaging materials.
Caution!
!
If at all possible, avoid touching the lens surfaces of the objectives. If fingerprints do appear on the glass surfaces, remove them with
a soft leather or linen cloth. Even small traces
of finger perspiration can damage the surfaces of optical surfaces in a short time. For additional instructions, see the chapter entitled
“Care of the Comparison Macroscope”
page 48.
→
• Check the delivery carefully against the packing list, delivery note or the invoice. We highly
recommend keeping a copy of these documents with the manual in order to have delivery date and delivery package information
available when (for example) placing repeat
orders or making service calls. Please make
sure that no small parts are lost in the packaging materials.
Note:
Keep the packaging materials for storage purposes and transportation of the individual components.
Caution:
Do not yet connect the comparison macroscope and peripherals to the power supply
at this point!
12
6. Overview of the Instrument
9
6. Overview of the Instrument
1
8
7
6
2
3
4
5
Fig. 3 Leica FSC with motorized work table
1 Comparison bridge
2 Special articulated arms for oblique incident illuminator
3 Universal cold light source
4 Motorized work table
5 Control unit
6 Transmitted light illuminator
7 Motorized stage
8 Objective turret with objectives
9 Tube with eyepieces
13
7. Assembly
7. Assembly
For instructions for assembling the stackable
stages and various slide holders, please refer to
Chapter “9. Accessories” →
!
!
Caution!
The stages and slide holders have to be mounted before screwing in the objectives.
Only a few commonly used screwdrivers and
keys are necessary for assembly, which are included in the delivery package.
Caution!
First, remove the transport anchors (4.1).
Fig. 4 Stand with carrying handles
1 Transport anchors
2 Dovetail guide
page 31 ff.
7.1 Comparison Bridge
• From above, set the comparison bridge onto
the dovetail guide (4.2) and push the bridge
downwards until the upper end of the dovetail
guide is tightly fastened.
• Fasten the comparison bridge using the side
clamping screw.
7.2 Illumination
Either one or two cold light sources can be
used. We recommend using the same cold light
source for both sides based on the illumination
method being used. A double-armed, flexible
light line is included for this purpose. The second cold light source should then be used for
another illumination method.
14
2
11
7. Assembly
Oblique Incident Illumination
• Screw the special articulated arms onto the
left and right of the macroscope carrier (5.1).
• Screw the light guide with ø 4.5 mm (Fig. 6)
onto the cold light illuminator (8.1).
• Place the cold light source next to the stand
or onto the shelf that is to be screwed onto
the base of the comparison macroscope (7.1).
• Insert both light guide ends into the left and
right receptacles of the special articulated
arms (5.2) and tighten them using an Allen
wrench.
•Mount and fasten the focusing optics (6.1).
Fig. 5 Special articulated arms for oblique incident illumi-
nation
1 Fastening screws for the articulated arm
2 Receptacle for light guide
Fig. 6 Light guide ø 4.5 mm
1 Focusing optics
1
Fig. 7 Shelf for the cold light illuminator
1 Fastening screws for the shelf
1
1
2
Fig. 8 Cold light illuminator KL2500 LCD
1 Connection for light guide
1
15
7. Assembly
Coaxial incident light
• Remove the cover plates (9.1) to the rear left
and right on the macroscope carriers.
• In their place, screw on the coaxial
illuminator (11.1)
• Screw the light guide with ø 9 mm (Fig. 12)
onto the cold light illuminator (8.1).
• Place the cold light source next to the stand
or onto the shelf that is to be screwed onto
the base of the comparison macroscope (7.1).
• Insert the polarization filter cube (Fig. 10).
To do so, attach the filter cube onto the side
and push it into the holder (11.2).
Fig. 9 Fastening the coaxial illuminator
1 Fastening screws for the cover plate
• Insert the two light guide ends into the left and
right receptacles on the coaxial illuminator
(11.3).
Note:
If, after installation, point-like objects are appear in the image, the light guide must be pulled
1 to 2 mm out of the coaxial illuminator. The
point-like objects are caused by the fibers of the
light guide.
Fig. 10 Polarizing
filter cube
1 From the rear
2 From the front
Fig. 11 Coaxial illuminator
1 Fastening screws for the coaxial illuminator
2 Filter cube inserted
3 Receptacle for light guide
1
2
16
1
1
2
3
7. Assembly
3
Transmitted Light
The transmitted illuminator is pre-installed in the
factory.
• Screw the light guide with ø 9 mm (Fig. 12)
onto the cold light illuminator (8.1).
• Place the cold light source next to the stand
or onto the shelf that is to be screwed onto
the base of the comparison macroscope (7.1).
Fig. 12 Light guide ø 9 mm
• Insert the two light guide ends into the left and
right receptacles on the transmitted light illuminator (13.1).
• Connect the cables of the transmitted light illuminator on both sides with the rear side of
the stand (17.2, 17.3).
UV Illumination
• Screw the holder for UV lamps (14.1) onto the
comparison bridge.
• Insert the UV lamps (14.3) into this holder.
Align them with the object and screw them
tight.
Fig. 13 Transmitted light illuminator
1 Connection for light guide
Fig. 14 Assembly of the UV illuminator
1 Holder for UV lamps
2 Rod for fastening a UV lamp
3 UV lamp
2
1
1
17
7. Assembly
7.3 Eyepieces
• The eyepieces are inserted into the eyepiece
tubes on the tube.
7.4 Objectives
The position of the individual objectives is preset at the factory. The object turret eyes are
numbered.
• Screw the objective into the objective turret
(Fig. 15).
Eye Objective
No. 1 0.4x
No. 2 1x
No. 3 2x
No. 4 4x
Fig. 15 Objective turret from below
Fig. 16 Objective turret with objectives
1 Filter receptacle
18
1
7. Assembly
7.5 Cabling
The connector panel is labeled.
• Connect the left and right stage cables to terminals (17.4) and (17.6).
• Terminal (17.5) on the rear of the stand is connected to terminal (18.1) on the rear side of
the comparison bridge. For this purpose, use
the 25-pin bridge cable.
• The remote control cables of the cold light
sources are connected to terminals (17.9) and
(17.10). When using a cold light source, select
the corresponding terminal.
Fig. 17 Stand connector panel
1 Power supply
2 Transmitted light condenser lens, right
3 Transmitted light condenser lens, left
4 Stage, right
5 Comparison bridge
6 Stage, left
7 Serial interface 1 (PC)
8 Serial interface 2
9 Cold light source, right
10 Cold light source, left
11 Serial interface 3 (Smart Move)
• If you have not already done so when installing the transmitted light illuminator, connect
the cables for the transmitted light condenser
to terminal (17.2) and/or (17.3).
• The optional Smart Move control panel is connected to the serial interface 3 (17.11).
• The RS232C interface (17.7) is intended for
connecting a PC.
• Finally, connect the comparison macroscope
and the cold light illuminator to the power
supply using the power cable.
Fig. 18 Rear side
of the comparison bridge
1 Connection
1
123 4 5 6
7891011
19
7. Assembly
• UV illumination:
The UV lamps are rated for a 230 V/50 Hz power supply.
Caution:
If this voltage supply is not available, a pretransformer must be used.
For further details, please refer to the special instructions included with the UV lamps.
Caution:
Wear safety goggles when working with UV
lamps!
20
8. Operation
8. Operation
The Leica FS C Comparison Macroscope offers
the following functions:
• Simultaneous or separate methods for the left
and right stage
• Brightness setting
• Left and right-side focussing
• Left and right-side objective turret
• Height-adjustable stand
Additionally, the comparison bridge contains
•Motorized diaphragms for various imaging
techniques
•A magnification changer
•A magnification calibration with control LED
8.1 Switching on the Macroscope
The switch (19.1) switches on all components integrated into the stand, as well as the cold light
illuminator.
Wait until the initialization of the stages is complete.
Fig. 19 Right stand side
1 On/off switch
1
21
8. Operation
8.2 Stages
The stages on the left and right side can be
moved either independently of each other, or
simultaneously in the X and Y directions.
The right stage is positioned using the setting
wheels on the front right (20.5) in the X direction
and on the right side (20.6) in the Y direction.
For the left stage, the setting wheels are,
respectively, at the front left (20.3) and on the
left side (20.2).
To move both stages simultaneously, press the
button (20.10). The LED underneath the button
lights up to indicate that synchronous adjustment is active. In this case, the setting wheels
for the X and Y directions, as well as the focusing handwheel, have the same function on the
left and right side.
Note:
The travel speed of the stages is adjusted to the
magnification setting. When viewed through the
observation tube, the speed always appears the
same when rotating the setting wheel. In fact,
for lower magnification the stage travels faster.
8.3 Tube
Note:
Close any unused tube openings, as otherwise
stray light can interfere with observation.
Adjusting the viewing distance
• Adjust the viewing distance of the eyepiece
tubes so that a congruent total image is seen.
Fig. 20 Control unit
1 Focus (left stage)
2 Adjust in Y direction (left stage)
3 Adjust in X direction (left stage)
4 Adjusting the height of the stand
5 Adjust in X direction (right stage)
6 Adjust in Y direction (right stage)
7 Focus (right stage)
8 Right cold light source
9 Control LED (right cold light source)
10 Synchronous adjustment in X, Y, Z direction
11 Control LED (left cold light source)
12 Left cold light source
22
12
11 9
37654
1012 8
8. Operation
Adjusting the Angle of Vision
• The viewing angle can be adjusted from 5° to
32° by tilting the binocular eyepiece.
8.4 Eyepieces
Note:
The eyepiece’s aperture protector must be removed during microscopy while wearing eyeglasses, or at least folded back.
Eyeglasses with multifocal lenses (bifocals and
smooth view glasses) must be removed while
operating the macroscope.
Correction for Vision Problems
•With your right eye, look through the right
eyepiece and bring the specimen into sharp
focus.
If both oculars have an adjustable eyelens,
the eyelens of the right ocular can be brought
to the position for normal vision, which is indicated by an encircling line.
When using a graticule in the right eyepiece,
the eyelens must first be focused on the graticule.
• Then, view the same specimen using the left
eye and rotate the eyelens of the left eyepiece until the object appears in sharp focus.
While doing so, do not use the focus dial.
8.5 Brightness Setting
Cold Light Illumination
The control dials (20.8 and 20.12) adjust the first
and (if applicable) the second cold light source.
The function is dependent on the cabling on the
rear side of the stand → page 19.
We recommend using the same cold light
source for both sides based on the illumination
method being used. The second cold light
source should then be used for another illumination method.
Illumination method →
Note:
The LED (20.9) or (20.11) is green if the corresponding lamp is operated in standard mode. If
the LED is red, the bulb life of the lamp is
reduced.
UV Illumination
The UV lamps are equipped with a high-pressure, 180 W quartz radiator and UV filter disks
for a wavelength of 366 nm. They are rated for a
direct 230 V/50 Hz power supply.
For further details →
tions.
8.6 Focusing
page 26ff.
see the special instruc-
You can focus using the handwheels on the left
and right side (20.1 and 20.7).
If the button (20.10) is pressed, i.e. if the synchronous adjustment of the stages is activated,
focusing is also synchronous.
23
8. Operation
Note:
The focus, like the movement of the stages, is
also adjusted to the magnification setting. When
viewed through the observation tube, the speed
always appears the same when rotating the setting wheel.
8.7 Objectives
The desired objectives are swiveled into place
manually.
All objectives have an iris diaphragm. With the
iris diaphragm, the NUM aperture can be adjusted continuously. Five ratchets make it easy to
adjust to identical settings on both sides.
The M macro-objectives can be used for coaxial
incident light. To avoid reflex, ARM caps must
be used in conjunction with the built-in pole filters → page 27ff.
Four diaphragm positions are already predefined and can be selected by pressing the
corresponding button (21.4):
Mix The left and right images are super-
imposed (composite image method).
LR The left and right image appear side-
by-side. A line in the middle of the
field of vision separates the two images (split-image method).
L Only the left image is displayed.
R Only the right image is displayed.
The LEDs below the selector buttons (21.4) are
illuminated if one of the predefined settings has
been selected or set manually. Similarly, the
corresponding LED lights up if the dividing line is
moved.
The dividing line is moved to the left or to the
right by rotating the knob (21.2).
The knob (21.1) is used to change the width of
the dividing line.
8.8 Magnification Changer
Use the button (21.3) to switch the magnification
changer on and off.
When the magnification changer is switched on,
the current magnification of both images is increased by a factor of 1.5x. The LED underneath
the button (21.3) is illuminated.
The magnification changer controls the visual
and photo outputs simultaneously.
8.9 Diaphragm Setting
The motorized diaphragms allow transition from
a superimposed image to the separate view of
the right and left image, as well as the setting of
the dividing line.
24
Fig. 21 Control panel
1 Adjusting the width of the dividing line
2 Adjusting the dividing line in x direction
3 Magnification changer on/off
4 Predefined diaphragm settings
5 Adjusting the height of the stand
4
3
21
5
8. Operation
8.10 The Smart Move* Control Panel
Alternatively, you can connect the Smart Move
control panel.
The Smart Move control panel allows control of
the stage (22.1, 22.2), as well as setting the focus
(22.3).
Use the buttons (23.1 and 23.2) to specify whether the settings are to apply to the left or right
stage. The synchronous adjustment is activated
using the buttons (23.3).
Fig. 22 Smart Move control panel
1 Movement in y direction
2 Movement in x direction
3 Focus setting
4 Individual setting of the knob height position
1
8.11 Adjusting the Height of the Stand
The rocker switch (21.5) adjusts the height of the
stand individually. This is provided for aligning
the height of objects or object holders which
vary in height.
8.12 Magnification Calibration
For specialized applications, such as calibrating
thermally modified replicas, the magnification of
the right beam path can be changed in the range
of +/-4% relative to the left beam path.
Use the button (24.1) to make this adjustment. To
prevent the setting from being changed accidentally, the button can only be turned while it is
pressed down.
In neutral position, the LED (24.2) is green, i.e.
magnification calibration is activated. Otherwise, the LED is red.
3
Caution!
2
Fig. 23 Smart Move control panel buttons
1 Left stage
2 Right stage
3 Synchronous stage adjustment
1
3
2
3
The objective magnifications are accurately
4
preset at the factory. It is not necessary to calibrate the magnification calibration for this purpose.
Fig. 24 Magnification calibration
1 Magnification calibration adjusting knob
2 Control LED
21
25
8. Operation
8.13 Oblique Incident Illumination
The light is guided to the incident light object by
the cold light illuminator KL2500 (25.3) and the
double-armed, flexible light guide with 4.5 mm
diameter. Insert the light guide ends into the left
and right receptacles on the special articulated
arm (25.2). If applicable, attach and tighten the
focusing optics (25.1).
The light bundle can be rotated and tilted in every direction. The scales on the movable articulated arms can be used to adjust the illumination
accurately. The cold light source KL2500 is used
for fine adjustment of the light intensity.
It can be adjusted electrically and mechanically.
For electrical light control, the color temperature is changed. For mechanical light control,
the color temperature remains constant.
Fig. 25 Oblique incident illumination
1 Focusing optics
2 Receptacle for light guide with 4.5 mm diameter
3 Cold light illuminator KL 2500
12 3
Note:
The LED (20.9) or (20.11) is green if the corresponding lamp is operated in standard mode. If
the LED is red, the bulb life of the lamp is reduced.
The KL2500 can be controlled using the rotary
knobs (20.8 and 20.12).
Please make sure that the KL2500 is connected
with the included cables on the rear side of the
stand.
The light and shadow effect of the oblique illumination yields very pronounced surface reliefs
of bullet and shell casing traces, toolmarks, as
well as other form, material, and textile texture
traces. For reflection protection, a polarization
filter can be attached to the focusing optics.
8.14 Coaxial Incident Illumination
The coaxial incident illuminator is mounted on
the macroscope carrier. It can be retrofitted at
any time. The light is guided to the incident light
object by the cold light illuminator KL2500 (25.3)
and the double-armed, flexible light guide with
9 mm diameter. Insert the light guide ends into
the left and right receptacles of the coaxial illumination (26.3).
To use the coaxial incident illuminator, it must
be inserted completely. When switching to another illumination method, the coaxial incident
illumination must be pulled out of the beam path
(to the first stop).
26
Note:
If, after installation, point-like objects are appear in the image, the light guide must be pulled
1 to 2 mm out of the coaxial illuminator. The
point-like objects are caused by the fibers of the
light guide.
The specimen is illuminated by the illumination
optics, the reflector and the macro-objectives
1x, 2x and 4x. The 0.4x macro-objective is not intended for the coaxial illumination, because the
object field cannot be illuminated completely.
8. Operation
It can be adjusted electrically and mechanically.
For electrical light control, the color temperature is changed. For mechanical light control,
the color temperature remains constant.
Note:
The LED (20.9) or (20.11) is green if the corresponding lamp is operated in standard mode. If
the LED is red, the bulb life of the lamp is
reduced.
The KL2500 can be controlled using the rotary
knobs (20.8 and 20.12).
The light source is centered and yields a homogenous object field illumination of up to 22
mm field of vision. The cold light source KL2500
is used for fine adjustment of the light intensity.
Fig. 26 Coaxial incident illuminator in assembly position
1 Filter cube inserted
2 Stop rod
3 Receptacles for light guide(s) with 9 mm diameter
1
2
3
Please make sure that the KL2500 is connected
with the included cable on the rear side of the
stand.
For reducing remaining internal reflections, attach the anti-reflex cap (27.1) to the objective
currently being used. Rotate it until ideal image
contrast is achieved. This only works in connec-
Fig. 27
1 Anti-reflex cap
1
27
8. Operation
tion with the reflector with built-in pol filter. For
this purpose, the coaxial illumination unit must
be inserted completely into the beam path.
In particular, traces on smooth, highly reflective
surfaces appear true-to-detail and contrast-rich
using coaxial illumination.
8.15 Transmitted Light Illumination
The transmitted light illuminator is factory preinstalled and must be ordered along with the
stand. It cannot be retrofitted later.
The light is guided to the transparent transmitted light object by the cold light illuminator
KL2500 and the double-armed, flexible light
guide with 9 mm diameter. Insert the light guide
ends into the left and right receptacles of the
transmitted light illumination (28.1).
The specimen is illuminated by the collector
lens, the diffusion filter, the mirror, and condenser system.
The encoded objective turret recognizes the objective currently being used, and the condenser
is automatically adjusted to the current objective magnification.
The light source is centered and yields a
homogeneous object field illumination of up to
55 mm field of vision. The cold light source
KL2500 is used for fine adjustment of the light
intensity.
It can be adjusted electrically and mechanically.
For electrical light control, the color temperature is changed. For mechanical light control,
the color temperature remains constant.
Note:
The LED (20.9) or (20.11) is green if the corresponding lamp is operated in standard mode. If
the LED is red, the bulb life of the lamp is reduced.
The KL2500 can be controlled using the rotary
knobs (20.8 and 20.12).
Please make sure that the KL2500 is connected
with the included cables on the rear side of the
stand.
Likewise, the cable for the condenser lens on
the rear side of the stand must be connected.
Examination with transmitted light illumination is
a valuable tool for detecting evidence of manipulations and forgeries of documents and certificates, as well as for identifying trace evidence
in textile and material textures, foils, adhesive
tape, etc.
Fig. 28 Transmitted light illuminator
1 Receptacle for light guide with 9 mm diameter
28
1
8.16 UV Illumination
The UV lamps are fastened to the comparison
bridge using a special holder (29.1) and are intended for incident illumination of objects with a
large surface area with fluorescent parts (e.g.
documents, currency, securities). They are
equipped with 180W high-pressure quartz radiators and filter cubes for UV light with 366 nm
wavelength.
The UV lamps are rated for a 230 V/50 Hz power
supply.
8. Operation
Caution:
For other voltage supplies, a pre-transformer
must be used!
For further details, please refer to the special instructions included with the UV lamps.
Caution:
Wear safety goggles when working with UV
lamps!
Fig. 29 Assembly of the UV illuminator
1 Holder for UV lamps
2 Rod for fastening a UV lamp
3 UV lamp
2
3
1
29
9. Accessories
9. Accessories
A specially developed work table and correctly
sized work chair allow ergonomically optimized work.
In addition to various optical accessories, such
as filters and stage scales, a number of different
slide holders can be used.
9.1 Motorized Work Table
The work table with motorized height adjustment is designed for optimum ergonomic conditions when working at the comparison macroscope.
Its table surface measures 120 cm x 56 cm and it
is mounted symmetrically on the height-adjustable column.
Fig. 30 Motorized work table
1 Buttons for height adjustment
2 Adjustable-height feet
When setting up the comparison macroscope, make sure that the stand is positioned
exactly over the adjustable-height column.
After the power supply is connected, the work
table can be continuously adjusted within a
range of approx. 62 to 92 cm over floor height.
To do so, use the buttons (30.1).
The lifting speed is approx. 12 mm/sec. The lifting capacity is approx. 2000 N.
Caution:
30
If the floor on which the work table is installed is
not completely level, differences in level can be
compensated for by screwing the feet (30.2) in
or out.
1
2
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