Lectronics VR Field Reference Manual

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VR Field

Digital Hybrid Wireless Portable Modular Receiver System

™

REFERENCE MANUAL

Digital Hybrid Wireless

U.S. Patent 7,225,135

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Rio Rancho, NM, USA www.lectrosonics.com

VR Field Receiver

LECTROSONICS, INC.

Modular Digital Hybrid Wireless™ Receiver

Table of Contents

Introduction .............................................................................................................................................................................................5

VR Field Functional Block Diagram ......................................................................................................................................................5

VR Field ................................................................................................................................................................................................5

Antenna Multicoupler .........................................................................................................................................................................5

Microprocessor Control .....................................................................................................................................................................6

Frequency Tuning Groups .............................................................................................................................................................6

Digital Signal Processor ....................................................................................................................................................................6

Compatibility Modes ......................................................................................................................................................................6

Ratio Diversity and Frequency Diversity Reception.......................................................................................................................6

DSP-Based Pilot Tone ...................................................................................................................................................................6

(SmartNR™) Smart Noise Reduction ............................................................................................................................................7

Audio Output Ampliﬁers .....................................................................................................................................................................7

Headphone Mixer and Amp ...............................................................................................................................................................7

VRS and VRT Modules .........................................................................................................................................................................7

PLL and VCO Circuits .......................................................................................................................................................................7

Switched Diversity Reception ............................................................................................................................................................7

RF Front-End and Mixer (VRS Module) ............................................................................................................................................7

RF Frequency Tracking Front-End and Mixer (VRT Module) .............................................................................................................7

IF Ampliﬁers and SAW Filters ............................................................................................................................................................7

Digital Pulse Counting Detector ........................................................................................................................................................7

Power Supply ........................................................................................................................................................................................8

VRS Functional Block Diagram .............................................................................................................................................................8

VRT Functional Block Diagram .............................................................................................................................................................8

VR Field System Controls and Functions

Front Panel Controls and Functions ......................................................................................................................................................9

POWER Button .................................................................................................................................................................................9

Function Button .................................................................................................................................................................................9

LCD Screen .......................................................................................................................................................................................9

PUSH FOR MENU/SELECT Rotary Control ..................................................................................................................................... 9

LEVEL Control ...................................................................................................................................................................................9

PHONES Jack ...................................................................................................................................................................................9

Receiver Select Buttons ....................................................................................................................................................................9

BACK Button .....................................................................................................................................................................................9

Rear Panel Features ...........................................................................................................................................................................10

Power Input Jack .............................................................................................................................................................................10

Receiver Modules ............................................................................................................................................................................10

XLR Audio Output Jacks .................................................................................................................................................................10

RS-232 Port .....................................................................................................................................................................................10

Antenna Input Jacks ........................................................................................................................................................................10

Antenna Output Jacks .....................................................................................................................................................................10

USB Port .........................................................................................................................................................................................10

LCD Interface

Types of Information Displayed ........................................................................................................................................................... 11

Powerup Screens ............................................................................................................................................................................11

Overview Screen .............................................................................................................................................................................11

Powerup Screen Sequence .............................................................................................................................................................11

Receiver Detail Screen ....................................................................................................................................................................12

Tuning a Receiver Module with the LCD .........................................................................................................................................12

Tuning Group Select Shortcut .........................................................................................................................................................12

Receiver Info Screen .......................................................................................................................................................................12

Button ..............................................................................................................................................................................................13

Tuning Group ...................................................................................................................................................................................13

........................................................................................................................................................................................11

............................................................................................................................................9

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VR Field Receiver

LCD Menus and Setup Screens (Descriptions and Functions) ........................................................................................................ 13

Top Menu ............................................................................................................................................................................................13

Setup Menus ...................................................................................................................................................................................13

Setup Screens .................................................................................................................................................................................13

SetUpRx Menu ....................................................................................................................................................................................13

Level Setup Screen .........................................................................................................................................................................13

Phase Setup Screen .......................................................................................................................................................................14

TxBatt Setup Screen .......................................................................................................................................................................14

SmartNR Setup Screen ...................................................................................................................................................................15

PilotBP Setup Screen ......................................................................................................................................................................16

Compat Setup Screen .....................................................................................................................................................................16

Pilot BP Shortcut .........................................................................................................................................................................16

Tuning Setup Screen .......................................................................................................................................................................17

User Programmable Frequency Group Behavior ........................................................................................................................17

Adding/Deleting User Programmable Frequency Group Entries .................................................................................................17

DivMode Setup Screen ...................................................................................................................................................................18

SmartDiversity™ .........................................................................................................................................................................18

OptiBlend™ .................................................................................................................................................................................18

Frequency Diversity .....................................................................................................................................................................19

LockSet Setup Screen ........................................................................................................................................................................19

Scan Function .....................................................................................................................................................................................20

Scan Mode ......................................................................................................................................................................................20

Stop Mode .......................................................................................................................................................................................21

Zoom Mode .....................................................................................................................................................................................21

CmdView Screen ................................................................................................................................................................................21

Frequency Coordination

......................................................................................................................................................................22

Frequency Compatibility Chart ............................................................................................................................................................22

Frequency Compatibility Diagram .......................................................................................................................................................23

Using the Scan Function .....................................................................................................................................................................24

Call Lectrosonics .................................................................................................................................................................................24

Antenna Use and Placement Phantom Power for Remote Antenna Ampliﬁers VR Field Replacement Parts and Accessories

...............................................................................................................................................................25

...............................................................................................................................25

..................................................................................................................................26

Troubleshooting ....................................................................................................................................................................................27

Speciﬁcations .......................................................................................................................................................................................30

Service and Repair

...............................................................................................................................................................................31

Returning Units for Repair ..................................................................................................................................................................31

Limited One Year Warranty

................................................................................................................................................... Back Cover

LECTROSONICS, INC.

Introduction

Lectrosonics Digital Hybrid Wireless™ systems use innovative technology to combine the new advantages of digital audio with the classic advantages of analog RF transmission. A proprietary algorithm encodes the digital audio information into an analog format which can be transmitted in a robust manner over an analog FM wireless link. The receiver employs the latest ﬁlters, RF ampliﬁers, mixers and detector to capture the encoded signal and a DSP (Digital Signal Processor) recovers the original digital audio.

This digital/analog hybrid technique has some very beneﬁcial properties. Because the information being transmitted is digitally encoded, immunity to noise is much higher than a compandor can offer, and, since the encoded audio is sent in analog format, spectral and power efﬁciency and operating range are not compromised.

The VR Field System introduces a new ﬂexibility to Digital Hybrid Wireless™ design. The modular design operates with all Digital Hybrid Wireless™ transmitters, and a variety of analog transmitters. It consists of a VR Field Receiver Master (VRF) that includes an antenna multicoupler, computer communications interface, microprocessor, digital signal processor (DSP), A-D and D-A converters and audio output circuits, plus mechanical rack mounting for up to six receiver modules.

Modular Digital Hybrid Wireless™ Receiver

The system can be setup and operated either through front panel controls and display, or via rear panel USB or RS232 ports connected to a Windows™ 2000, XP or Vista based computer system and VRpanel, which is part of the LecNet2™ software package. (See VR Field Installation Guide, or VRpanel Help.)

VR Field

Each VR Field spans two frequency blocks and supports from one to six receiver modules. (See Speciﬁcations.) System setup and control is handled by the VRF with the receiver modules handling frequency reception, conversion and signal detection.

Antenna Multicoupler

There are two independent antenna multicouplers. One supports input from the rear panel Antenna A BNC jack and the other supports input from the rear panel Antenna B BNC jack.

The individual antenna inputs pass through a 50 MHz bandpass ﬁlter centered on the VRM’s assigned frequency block range prior to entering the associated multicoupler. Each of the multicouplers includes a high intercept ampliﬁer whose output feeds a seven-way splitter. Six of the splitter’s outputs are presented to the respective Ant A or Ant B tabs on each of the receiver module connectors. A seventh output is fed to a rear Antenna (A or B) OUT connector for use by other VR Field Receiver Systems.

VRField Functional Block Diagram

See VRS and VRT Functional Block Diagrams

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VR Field Receiver

The result is that the same signal entering the rear panel Antenna Inputs is presented to each receiver module and to the pass-through rear panel Antenna Output jacks. The design allows each receiver module to be used independently.

Microprocessor Control

System setup parameters and control signals from DSP are used by an 8-bit microprocessor to both set up and control the VR Field System in general and to control each individual receiver module (or receiver module pair if they are used in ratio or frequency diversity mode).

Initial system setup and control can be accomplished through front panel controls, or via software using convenient USB or RS-232 I/O ports. The setup parameters plus control signals from the DSP are used to control the installed receiver modules, audio processing and audio output.

The microprocessor also receives RF signal strength information from each receiver module and information from the DSP concerning transmitter operation. This information is used both to control the VR Field System and to display current status in various LCD menus or setup screens. (See VR Field System Controls and Functions, and Menus and Setup Screens.)

Frequency Tuning Groups

The VR Field System provides four factory preset intermodulation free frequency groups (A through D) and two user programmable frequency groups (U and V).

The factory groups have been selected to avoid intermodulation problems. Each factory group contains eight frequencies.

The user programmable frequency groups can have up to 16 frequencies per group, per frequency block.

Digital Signal Processor

The analog detector output from each receiver module is digitized and sent to a DSP. The DSP processes the digitized detector output according to the active settings. These signals include Compatibility Modes, Diversity Modes and SmartNR™ modes.

The DSP also detects the Pilot Tone used to control the receiver module’s squelch (only in 400 Series, 200 Series and IFB Compatibility Modes – see DSP-Based Pilot Tone).

In addition to the audio, a 1 kHz tone is also available from the DSP. This tone is used to preset the VR Field System’s audio output levels according to the input requirements of any attached equipment and for diagnostic purposes. (See Level Setup Screen.)

Each of the six audio channels is then sent through its own D-A converter to recover the original analog audio. The analog audio is then sent to both the appropriate Audio Output Ampliﬁer and to the Headphone Mixer and Amp.

Note: While all audio channels are sent to the respective Audio Output XLR jacks, only one audio channel at a time may be monitored via the front panel PHONES jack. (See Headphone Mixer and Amp.)

Compatibility Modes

The VR Field System was designed to be compatible with Lectrosonics Digital Hybrid (400 Series) transmitters and will yield the best performance when operating in Digital Hybrid mode. However, due to the ﬂexibility of digital signal processing, the VR Field System is also able to operate with Lectrosonics 200 Series, 100 Series and IFB transmitters, and certain non-Lectrosonics transmitters in special compatibility modes. (Contact the Lectrosonics Sales Department for a complete list of compatible transmitters.)

Ratio Diversity and Frequency Diversity Reception

Both ratio diversity (OptiBlend™) and Frequency Diversity combine the outputs of two adjacent receivers.

OptiBlend™ is a ratio diversity method which combines the audio output from two adjacent receiver modules (1-2, 3-4 or 5-6) relative to the RF signal input levels at both receivers.

Frequency Diversity pairs two transmitters with two adjacent receiver modules. (The receiver pair combinations are the same as those used for OptiBlend: 1-2, 3-4 or 5-6.) Each transmitter/receiver combination in the pair is tuned to a different frequency. The RF signal level at each receiver is monitored and the audio is blended in a manner similar to ratio diversity.

In both cases, because of the mixing function, the blended audio is duplicated at each XLR jack associated with the receiver pair. (See also Switched Diversity Reception.)

DSP-Based Pilot Tone

The 400 Series, 200 Series and IFB systems use a DSP generated ultrasonic pilot tone from the transmitter to control the receiver audio muting (squelch). The DSP monitors all incoming audio and generates a Pilot Tone Detect signal if a pilot tone is detected. The Pilot Tone Detect signal is routed to the microprocessor to enable or disable squelch depending on the PilotBP setting for that receiver module. (See PilotBP Setup Screen.) Squelching is performed in the DSP.

In 400 Series mode, the pilot tone frequency is different for each of the 256 frequencies in the tuning range of a system (frequency block). This eliminates squelch problems in multichannel systems such as the VR Field System which use a common antenna and where a pilot tone signal can appear in the wrong receiver via intermodulation products. Using the DSP to detect the pilot tone also eliminates the need for fragile crystals.

In 200 Series and IFB modes, only one pilot tone frequency is used on all channels, emulating the original crystal-based system. In other compatibility modes (100 Series and Mode 3), no pilot tone is used.

LECTROSONICS, INC.

Modular Digital Hybrid Wireless™ Receiver

(SmartNR™) Smar t Noise Reduction

While the VR Field System has been designed using the best available low noise components and techniques, the wide dynamic range of Digital Hybrid technology, combined with ﬂat response to 20 kHz, makes it possible to hear the noise ﬂoor in the mic preamp, or the (usually) greater noise from the microphone itself in certain conditions. The SmartNR™ algorithm reduces this noise without sacriﬁcing high frequency response, thus increasing the effective dynamic range of the system.

The Smart Noise Reduction algorithm works by attenuating only those portions of the audio signal that ﬁt a statistical proﬁle for randomness or “electronic hiss.” It offers signiﬁcantly increased transparency over the sophisticated variable low pass ﬁlters used in previous Lectrosonics designs. Desired high frequency signals having some coherence such as speech sibilance and other tones are not affected.

Note: The SmartNR setting is user selectable only in 400 Series mode. In other modes, noise reduction is applied in such a way as to emulate the original analog system as accurately as possible and is not user adjustable.

Audio Output Ampliﬁers

The six digitally controlled Audio Output Ampliﬁers are adjustable from -15 dBu to +8 dBu in 1 dB increments. There is one Audio Output Ampliﬁer per XLR jack.

Headphone Mixer and Amp

The Headphone Mixer and Amp is used to monitor the audio output through the front panel PHONES jack. Audio output levels at this jack are controlled only by the front panel LEVEL control. Only one channel can be monitored at a time. That channel is selected through one of six front panel Receiver Module pushbuttons. If the selected receiver module is part of a ratio diversity or frequency diversity pair, the audio outputs are blended and the audio is presented to both XLR Audio Output jacks for the diversity pair and the front panel PHONES jack.

Note: The front panel LEVEL control has no effect on the output levels at the rear panel XLR Audio Output jacks. Likewise, the software controlled audio output levels at the XLR jacks (via the VRpanel GUI or the LCD) has no effect on the levels at the front panel PHONES jack.

VRS and VRT Modules

Both the VRS (Venue Receiver Standard) and VRT (Venue Receiver Tracking) modules are individual high performance, triple-conversion, frequency synthesized UHF receivers controlled by the DSP. The VRT modules include an RF frequency tracking front end.

PLL and VCO Circuits

Each receiver module is frequency agile and can be set to operate on any one of 256 frequencies within its tuning range. The PLL synthesizer receives instructions from the microprocessor, then uses those instructions to set the receiver module’s operating frequency by controlling the 1st and 2nd Voltage Controlled Oscillators (VCO).

Switched Diversity Reception

All installed receiver modules can operate as switched diversity receivers. Switched diversity (or SMART Diversity™) minimizes dropouts in situations where multi-path reﬂections can cause serious problems. The phase diversity switch is controlled by the VRM microprocessor using a sophisticated algorithm that ensures antenna phase switching is performed at optimal times.

RF Front-End and Mixer (VRS Module)

A tuned LC ﬁlter before and after a low noise, high current RF ampliﬁer provides good selectivity. The ﬁrst mixer uses GaAs technology with a very high third order intercept point. The overall design ensures stability, selectivity and precise gain in order to handle strong RF signals without input overload.

RF Frequency Tracking Front-End and Mixer (VRT Module)

The VRT module includes two RF frequency tracking ﬁlters controlled by the microprocessor to increase selectivity. A high current RF ampliﬁer before the second tracking ﬁlter increases sensitivity while maintaining excellent IM performance. The high level ﬁrst mixer provides a very high third order intercept point. The overall design ensures stability, selectivity and precise gain in order to handle strong RF signals without input overload. The increased selectivity provided by the tracking ﬁlters is highly beneﬁcial in congested RF environments.

IF Ampliﬁers and SAW Filters

The ﬁrst IF low noise ampliﬁer is controlled with feedback regulation and drives a quartz SAW (Surface Acoustical Wave) ﬁlter. The 244 MHz SAW ﬁlter combines sharp tuning, constant group delay, wide bandwidth and excellent temperature stability, far superior to conventional LC ﬁlters. The second mixer converts the 244 MHz ﬁrst IF signal down to 10.7 MHz. The second IF is ﬁltered through two ceramic ﬁlters for sharp selectivity, then converted down to 300 kHz and fed to the Digital Pulse Counting Detector.

Digital Pulse Counting Detector

Each module uses an elegantly simple, yet highly effective digital pulse detector to demodulate the FM signal, rather than a conventional quadrature detector. This unusual design eliminates thermal drift, improves AM rejection, and provides very low audio distortion. The output from the Digital Pulse Counter is an analog signal which is fed through a low pass ﬁlter and on to the VRM.

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VR Field Receiver

Power Supply

The VR Field System can be operated from a single NP1-type battery, or an external DC power source with a range of +10 VDC (1.2 A) to +18 VDC (700 mA). (A +15 DCV, 1.23 amp power source is supplied with each unit.) The receiver has a built-in Poly-Fuse to protect the unit. If a problem occurs that trips this fuse, it will reset after the power supply is disconnected for about 15 seconds.

Note: To use external power, temporarily disconnect the power supply cable that connects the battery to the master unit.

VRS Functional Block Diagram

For Internal Power, the VR FIeld

uses a single NP1-type battery

(available from most

pro audio/video suppliers).

VRT Functional Block Diagram

LECTROSONICS, INC.

Modular Digital Hybrid Wireless™ Receiver

VR Field System Controls and Functions

Front Panel

Function Button

POWER Button

BACK Button

Receiver Select

Buttons

Front Panel Controls and Functions

The VR Field System consists of a VRF (VR Field Master) and one to six individual receiver modules. The VRF front panel provides an easy-to-use LCD interface for system setup, monitoring and troubleshooting. During normal operation, the LCD shows RF and audio levels, diversity status, pilot tone status (where applicable) and transmitter battery status (when available) for all six receivers at the same time. Individual screens for each receiver are also available to provide additional information and make adjustments.

Individual output channel audio can be monitored via the front panel.

POWER Button

The POWER button is used both to control the application of power to the unit and to clear (or reset) the Scan Mode spectrum analyzer.

Pressing and holding the POWER button for at least two seconds turns the unit off.

Function Button

Used for special functions in selected Setup Screens.

LCD Screen

The LCD Screen is a graphics-type Liquid Crystal Display used to set up and monitor system operation. (See LCD Interface.)

PUSH FOR MENU/SELECT Rotary Control

The PUSH FOR MENU/SELECT (hereafter called the MENU/SELECT control) is a dual function control for navigating and selecting Setup Menus or Setup Screens, and for setting parameters within the Setup Screens.

LCD Screen

NP1 Type Battery Dust Cover

PUSH FOR MENU/SELECT

Rotary Control

LEVEL Control

PHONES Jack

LEVEL Control

The LEVEL control is used to adjust the output level of the front panel PHONES jack.

PHONES Jack

The stereo PHONES jack is provided for monitoring the audio output of selected receivers. Only the audio from a single receiver (or diversity pair) selected via the Receiver Select Buttons will be present at this jack.

Receiver Select Buttons

The six Receiver Select buttons are used to select individual installed receiver modules either for monitoring via the PHONES jack, or for setup and adjustment.

BACK Button

The BACK button is used to return to the previous menu or setup screen.

Pressing the BACK button from the SetUpRx menu returns to whatever screen was active prior to entering SetUpRx.

NP1 Type Battery

The VR Field can be powered by any type of NP1-style battery, an industry-standard battery that is readily available from pro audio/video suppliers.

Dust Cover

The see-through dust cover swings open when the controls need to be accessed, and swings into place providing a protective barrier between the controls and the elements. It also provides protection against accidental adjustments.

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VR Field Receiver

Rear Panel

Receiver

Modules 4-6

(Inside)

XLR Audio Output Jack

(Receiver 6)

XLR Audio Output Jack

(Receiver 5)

XLR Audio Output Jack

(Receiver 4)

RS-232 Port Power Input Jack

Antenna (A) Input

Antenna (A) Output

Rear Panel Features

The rear panel provides six balanced XLR audio outputs, two 50 Ohm BNC antenna inputs, two 50 Ohm BNC antenna outputs from an internal multicoupler, a power jack with a locking connector, and USB and RS232 serial ports.

USB Port

Receiver

Modules 1-3

(Inside)

XLR Audio Output Jack

(Receiver 1)

XLR Audio Output Jack

(Receiver 2)

XLR Audio Output Jack

Antenna (B) Input

Antenna (B) Output

(Receiver 3)

Antenna Input Jacks

Two BNC input connectors are provided for right-angle whip antennas, cables from remote antennas, or cables from another VRM. An internal mulitcoupler ensures the RF is applied equally to all installed Receiver Modules and also to the Antenna Output Jacks.

Power Input Jack

The power input jack accepts +10 VDC to +18 VDC (center pin is positive and sleeve is ground). The input is diode protected to prevent damage if the power is accidentally applied with reversed polarity. The unit will not operate until the correct polarity is restored.

Receiver Modules

Up to six receiver modules in two rows of three can be installed in each VRM. Spring loaded Receiver Module Retainer Clips ensure module connections are maintained during transport and installation.

XLR Audio Output Jacks

Six balanced audio output jacks using standard XLR connectors are provided to connect the VR Field System to external equipment.

RS-232 Port

A serial RS-232 interface is provided for setup and control of the VR Field System from computers or other devices using industry standard RS-232 communication links.

Antenna Output Jacks

Two pairs of 50 Ohm BNC output jacks provide zerogain antenna “loop-throughs” for an additional receivers, allowing convenient expansion without the need for an external RF multicoupler or additional antenna systems.

Note VR Field Systems can be looped together successfully only when they cover the same frequency block range. Units outside of the frequency block range will experience substantial signal loss and very short operating range.

USB Port

Standard USB Version 1.1 connector for setup and control of the VRM from computer systems (Windows® 2000, XP or Vista) with a USB interface.

LECTROSONICS, INC.

LCD Interface

Modular Digital Hybrid Wireless™ Receiver

While the software supplied with the VR Field System may make setting up and operating the system quicker and more efﬁcient, the system can also be completely set up and controlled via the front panel LCD and controls. Direct interaction is provided using the front panel controls and the LCD. A variety of menus and setup screens are provided to assist with the setup and also to allow for changing all parameters without the need to connect a computer system.

The main components of the LCD interface are the Function Button, BACK Button, Receiver Select Buttons, MENU/SELECT rotary encoder/switch and the LCD.

Note: Adjustments made through the LCD interface are performed in real time. As each setting is made, the results will be immediately observed.

Types of Information Displayed

The information displayed via the front panel LCD includes: powerup screens, receiver screens, TopMenu, setup menus and setup screens (including scanning functions).

Powerup Screens

A series of three screens is displayed when the unit is ﬁrst turned on. These Powerup screens identify the ﬁrmware version and block conﬁguration of the VRM and installed receiver modules. They are followed by the Overview Screen which displays the operating status of the installed receiver modules.

Overview Screen

Relative Audio Level

1 2 3 4 5 6

Pilot Tone

Monitoring

Status

Battery Monitor

Individual Receivers

Antenna Phase

Relative RF Signal Strength

Powerup Screen Sequence

Initial screen identiﬁes ﬁrmware version and the operating frequency range of the system (Block Range). The blocks have to be contiguous.

Firmware

Version

Block Range

The second screen provides information for the user that the VRM is detecting all installed receiver modules within the designated operating range. (Modules outside of the block range identiﬁed in the ﬁrst screen will not be detected.)

Overview Screen

LCD

Function Button

BACK Button

MENU/SELECT

Switch

Receiver Select Buttons

The Overview Screen, which appears after the Powerup Sequence is completed, is the normal display during operation. This screen is sectioned into six equal columns, one for each receiver module location. Any given column displays information about the corresponding receiver module. This information includes relative audio levels, antenna phase, pilot tone

The third screen identiﬁes all installed receiver modules within the system’s block range. Empty receiver slots, or slots with receiver modules outside of the block range identiﬁed in the ﬁrst screen, will have an “X” displayed instead of frequency block number.

The Powerup sequence is followed by the Overview Screen.

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VR Field Receiver

monitoring status, the battery status of the associated receiver (relative charge left or time of operation) and the relative RF signal strength.

The receiver modules are numbered one through six and correspond to the following physical layout:

Bottom View of VRF Chassis

VRF Front Panel

VRF Rear Panel

Receiver Detail Screen

Pressing a front panel Receiver Select Button opens the corresponding Receiver Detail Screen. This screen displays more detailed information about the selected receiver and is used for setting the operating frequency of the selected Receiver Module and offering information such as transmitter Frequency Select Switch settings, RF signal strength and audio attenuator level, etc.

This screen is also the only means for tuning a receiver module.

Tuning a Receiver Module with the LCD

Receiver Detail Screen

Pilot Tone

Monitoring Status

Receiver Module

Location

RF Signal

Strength

Transmitter Frequency Select Switch Settings

Operating

Frequency

If there is an indication that one of the group tuning modes is active for the selected receiver module, then rotating the MENU/SELECT control selects only the frequencies that are part of the selected Tuning Group. (See Tuning Setup Screen for information.) Stopping at any of the freselected channels sets the receiver module to that frequency in real-time.

The operating frequency of a receiver module can also be set through the Scan Function. (See Scan Function for more information.)

Tuning Group Select Shortcut

To instantly select or change a Tuning Group from the Receiver Detail Screen, hold the FUNCTION button, then press a Receiver Select button according to the chart below:

Button Tuning Group

BACK Receiver Select 1 Receiver Select 2 Receiver Select 3 Receiver Select 4 Receiver Select 5 Receiver Select 6

No Group

Group A Group B Group C Group D Group U Group V

Receiver Info Screen

From the Receiver Detail Screen, pressing the front panel Receiver Select Button for the selected Receiver Module again displays the Receiver Info Screen. This screen temporarily displays the receiver module location, operating frequency block, compatibility mode, output audio level and transmitter battery condition. This can be a voltage level or an elapsed time depending on the TXBatt set up. (See TxBatt.) After approximately ﬁve seconds, the display returns to the Receiver Detail Screen.

The Level setting on this screen is a user-selectable audio output attenuator setting and should not be confused with the instantaneous Audio Output Level displayed in the Receiver Detail Screen. The latter is a measure of the channel’s instantaneous audio output level.

Antenna Phase

Battery Monitor TV Channel

Audio Level Meter

There are several methods to set the operating frequency for individual receiver modules. (See also DivMode Setup Screen.)

If there is no indication for a Tuning Mode for the selected receiver module, then rotating the MENU/SELECT control allows the selection of any of the 256 available frequencies. Stopping at any frequency sets the selected receiver module to that channel in real-time.

Tuning Mode

Receiver Info Screen

Receiver Module Location Operating Frequency Block

Compatibility ModeAudio Attenuator Level

Transmitter Battery

Status

LECTROSONICS, INC.

Modular Digital Hybrid Wireless™ Receiver

LCD Menus and Setup Screens (Descriptions and Functions)

Top Menu

The Top Menu is accessed from the Overview Screen by pushing the MENU/SELECT rotary control. Rotating this control navigates through the various menu items. The four menu items are:

SetUpRx

LockSet

Scan

CmdView

Rotate the MENU/SELECT control to highlight a menu item, then push the control to access the top screen associated with that menu item.

SetUpRx Menu

The SetUpRx menu accesses the setup screens used to control the operation of the receiver modules. These include: audio level, antenna phase, transmitter battery condition, noise reduction, pilot tone/squelch bypass, compatibility mode, tuning group selection and diversity mode.

Setup Screen

Title

Special

Function

Display Area

Receiver Modules

Selected Receiver

Module

Setup

Parameter

Setup Menus

Selecting any item from the TopMenu goes directly to that item’s setup screen. Selecting SetUpRx displays the SetUpRx menu. Each item on the SetUpRx setup menu accesses a different setup screen.

Selecting or accessing items from the SetUpRx menu is identical to selecting items from the TopMenu--rotate the MENU/SELECT control to highlight the desired setup menu item, then push the control to access the menu item.

Pressing the BACK button returns the user to the previous menu or screen. Pressing the BACK button from the SetUpRx menu returns the user to whatever screen was active prior to entering SetUpRx (either the TopMenu or a selected Receiver Detail Screen.)

Setup Screens

Individual setup screens are used to set the operating parameters for each installed receiver module, including audio levels, audio phase, battery status, compatibility modes, noise reduction and diversity modes.

Rotate the MENU/SELECT control to highlight a menu item, then press the control to access it.

While each setup screen affects a different setup parameter, they all follow the same basic design. They identify the setup item, selected receiver module and setup parameters, plus any special functions that are affected by the front panel Function pushbutton.

Six boxes are also displayed along the bottom of each setup screen with one box highlighted. These boxes correspond to the installed receiver modules. The highlighted box is the currently selected module. Each box displays the parameter setting for one receiver module. Pressing a front panel Receiver Select button selects the corresponding receiver module as the current module, allowing modiﬁcation of that module’s parameters.

Level Setup Screen

The Level setup screen displays the audio output level setting of the selected receiver. The output range is from -15 dBu to +8 dBu in 1 dB increments. The Level Setup Screen displays the selected receiver, audio output level setting and reference tone status.

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VR Field Receiver

An internally generated 1 kHz audio test tone can be made available at the selected receiver’s XLR output. This tone is used for precise level matching with other equipment without actually going “on the air” and can be very useful for diagnostic purposes. The tone is toggled on or off by pressing the front panel Function button. The Tone icon in the example below indicates that the tone signal is turned off. The TONE box is ﬁlled in (reveresed) when the tone signal is active.

Selected Receiver

Tone On/Off

Indicator

(Shown with the

Tone Off.)

Receiver Modules

Output Level

Phase Setup Screen

The Phase setup screen controls the phase of the audio output at the rear panel XLR jack relative to the audio signal from the associated transmitter. Two modes are available: NORMAL and INVERT. A receiver set to Normal mode (default) will display a “+” in the associated Receiver Module box. Rotating the MENU/ SELECT control to select INVERT changes the display in the Receiver Module box to “-” and inverts the audio output at the associated rear panel XLR jack.

Selected Receiver

Receiver

Modules

Monitoring Mode

Current

Transmitter

Battery Voltage

Elapsed Time

Depending on the TxBatt mode, a battery icon or timer will be displayed on both the Overview and Receiver Detail screens, and the battery level or timer value will be displayed on the Receiver Infomation Screen. The icon, timer or voltage only appears after a valid signal has been detected for at least 10 seconds and when both the transmitter and receiver module are operating in either 200 Series or Digital Hybrid (400 Series) compatibility mode.

Overview Screen

Selected Receiver

Audio Phase SelectReceiver Modules

TxBatt Setup Screen

The TxBatt setup screen allows the selection of the exact battery type being used in the transmitter to provide more accurate battery level monitoring. Four different types of batteries are commonly used in Lectrosonics transmitters: 9 Volt alkaline, 9 Volt lithium, AA alkaline, and AA lithium. Rechargeable NiMH batteries can also be used in the transmitters (see 9V TIM and AA TIM). Correctly set, this feature will ensure that adequate warning will be provided in advance of battery failure.

Transmitter Battery Icon

Receiver Detail Screen

The TxBatt Setup Screen offers six monitoring choices:

9V ALK (9V) - For Lectrosonics Digital Hybrid (400 Series) and 200 Series transmitters using 9V alkaline batteries. The voltage remaining in the battery is displayed as an icon on the Overview and Receiver Detail screens and as the value on the TxBatt Setup Screen for the selected receiver module. Receiver modules set up for 9V alkaline batteries will have 9V displayed in the corresponding Receiver Module box at the bottom of the TxBatt setup screen.

Note: In 9V ALK, 9V LTH, AA ALK and AA LTH modes, a blinking Battery icon indicates that the it is close to exhaustion and needs replacing.

LECTROSONICS, INC.

Modular Digital Hybrid Wireless™ Receiver

9V LTH (9VL) - For Lectrosonics Digital Hybrid (400 Series) and 200 Series transmitters using 9V lithium batteries. The voltage remaining in the battery is displayed as an icon on the Overview and Receiver Detail screens and as the value on the TxBatt Setup Screen for the selected Receiver Module. Receiver modules set up for 9V lithium batteries will have “9VL” displayed in the corresponding Receiver Module box at the bottom of the TxBatt Setup Screen.

AA ALK (AA) - For Lectrosonics Digital Hybrid (400 Series) and 200 Series transmitters using AA alkaline batteries. The voltage remaining in the battery is displayed as an icon on the Overview and Receiver Detail screens and as the value on the TxBatt Setup Screen for the selected Receiver Module. Receiver modules set up for AA alkaline batteries will have “AA” displayed in the corresponding Receiver Module box at the bottom of the TxBatt Setup Screen.

AA LTH (AAL) - For Lectrosonics Digital Hybrid (400 Series) and 200 Series transmitters using AA lithium batteries. The voltage remaining in the battery is displayed as an icon on the Overview and Receiver Detail screens and as the value on the TxBatt Setup Screen for the selected Receiver Module. Receiver modules set up for AA lithium batteries will have “AAL” displayed in the corresponding Receiver Module box at the bottom of the TxBatt Setup Screen.

9V TIM (9VT) - This timer is compatible with any transmitter using a 9V battery, with or without battery telemetry capabilities, or for rechargeable batteries where voltage is constant over the life of the battery. The timer monitors the accumulated time it receives RF from a transmitter operating at the same frequency as the selected receiver module. The elapsed time is displayed in both the Overview and Receiver Detail screens, and the TxBatt Setup Screen for the selected receiver module. Its format is H:MM and it can run for up to 10 hours (9:59) before rolling over.

The timer’s colon blinks (in both the Main Receiver screen and the Receiver Detail Screen) when the timer is active and receiving RF from the associated transmitter. When the transmitter or VR is turned off, the timer will retain the last time setting and resume counting after the transmitter or receiver is powered up and a signal is detected from the transmitter.

To reset (or zero) the timer, navigate to the TxBatt Setup Screen, select the appropriate Receiver Module using the front panel Receiver Select button, then press the Function button to reset the timer to zero.

Receiver modules set up for 9V TIM will have “9VT” displayed in the corresponding Receiver Module box at the bottom of the TxBatt setup screen.

AA TIM (AAT) - Operates essentially the same as the 9V TIM timer except it applies to transmitters using AA batteries. Receiver modules set up for AA TIM will have “AAT” displayed in the corresponding Receiver Module box at the bottom of the TxBatt setup screen.

Overview Screen

Transmitter Battery

Timer Icon

Colon Blinks

when Timer

is active and

receiving

RF from the

transmitter

Receiver Screen Detail

SmartNR Setup Screen

Available in Digital Hybrid (400 Series) Compatibility Mode, the SmartNR (Smart Noise Reduction) Setup Screen is used to select one of three noise reduction modes:

Note: If any mode other than Digital Hybrid (400 Series) is selected, the SmartNR mode will indicate “FIXED” and “N/A” will appear in the corresponding Receiver Module box. SmartNR is still applied in this mode; however, it is automatically set to best emulate the original analog receiver.

OFF - No noise reduction is performed and complete

transparency is preserved. All signals presented to the transmitter’s analog front end, including any faint microphone hiss, will be faithfully reproduced at the receiver.

Rio Rancho, NM

VR Field Receiver

Selected Receiver

Receiver Modules

SmartNR Mode

NORMAL (factory default) - Enough noise reduction

is applied to remove most of the hiss from the mic preamp and some of the hiss from lavaliere microphones. The noise reduction beneﬁt is dramatic in this position, yet the degree of transparency maintained is exceptional.

FULL - Enough noise reduction is applied to remove

most of the hiss from nearly any signal source of reasonable quality, assuming levels are set properly at the transmitter.

Rotate the MENU/SELECT control to display the desired noise reduction mode. The selected mode will be displayed in the Receiver Module box at the bottom of the display. Press BACK to return to the previous screen, or press a Receiver Select button to select a different receiver module without leaving the SmartNR Setup Screen.

PilotBP Setup Screen

PilotBP (pilot tone/squelch bypass) operates differently depending on the compatibility mode. In the case of 100 Series, or Mode 3, PilotBP bypasses the squelch. In 200 Series, IFB and Digital Hybrid (400 Series) modes, PilotBP bypasses both the pilot tone detector and the squelch. The VR always powers up with normal squelch operation (pilot tone bypass mode disabled).

Receiver Modules

PilotBP Mode

Main Receiver Screen

Caution: PilotBP was made available as a diagnostic tool in the case that a receiver does not appear to be working properly, or to determine the nature of RF interference. However, it should be used with caution. The selected receiver can output very loud noises in this mode.

To enable pilot tone bypass mode for a Receiver Module, navigate to the PilotBP Setup Screen and press the appropriate Receiver Select button. Rotate the MENU/SELECT control to select BYPASS. BYP should appear in the Receiver Module box for the selected receiver. Press the

Pilot BP Shortcut

From the Overview Screen it’s possible to set the PilotBP mode by holding the front panel Function button while pressing the appropriate Receiver Select pushbutton. This toggles the PilotBP setting for the corresponding receiver module, or, depending on the diversity mode selected, receiver modules.

BACK button return to the previous menu, or a Receiver Select button to select a different receiver module.

To return the Receiver Module to normal PilotBP operating mode (pilot tone bypass mode disabled), access the PilotBP Setup Screen, select the receiver module and rotate the MENU/SELECT control to select NORMAL.

Compat Setup Screen

The Compat setup screen is used to select the compatibility mode for individual Receiver Modules, allowing the VR to operate with a variety of transmitters. The available compatibility modes are:

HYB This is the factory default setting and works

with all Lectrosonics Digital Hybrid Wireless™ (400 Series) transmitters. This mode offers the best audio quality.

Mode 3 Works with certain non-Lectrosonics analog

transmitters. Contact the company for a list of compatible transmitters.

Mode 6 Works with certain non-Lectrosonics analog

transmitters. Contact the company for a list of compatible transmitters.

200 This mode works with all Lectrosonics 200

Series compatible transmitters.

100 This mode works with all Lectrosonics 100

Series compatible transmitters.

IFB IFB mode works will all Lectrosonics IFB

transmitters.

Receiver Modules

Compatibility Mode

LECTROSONICS, INC.

Modular Digital Hybrid Wireless™ Receiver

Tuning Setup Screen

The Tuning Setup Screen allows selection of one of four factory set frequency groups (Groups A through D), two user programmable frequency groups (Groups U and V) or the choice to not use groups at all.

In the four factory set frequency groups, eight frequencies per group are preselected. These frequencies are chosen to be free of intermodulation products. (See Frequency Coordination.)

In the two user programmable frequency groups, up to 16 frequencies can be programmed per group.

Selected Receiver Tuning Mode

Receiver Module

Note: The Tuning Setup Screen only selects the tuning mode for the selected receiver module (NORMAL or Group Tuning) and not the operating frequency for that module. Actual operating frequencies are chosen through the Receiver Detail Screen. (See Adding/Deleting User Group Frequencies.)

To set a receiver module’s tuning mode, access the Tuning Setup Screen, press the appropriate front panel Receiver Select button, rotate the MENU/SELECT control to select either NORMAL mode, or one of the group tuning modes. The tuning mode will be displayed in the Receiver Module box at the bottom of the Tuning Setup Screen. If NORMAL mode is selected, then “NOR” will be displayed in the Receiver Module box. If a tuning group is selected, then “G A” through “G V” will be displayed in the Receiver Module boxes, depending on the group selected.

selected for Receiver 1. The small “a” displayed next to the Frequency Select Switch settings in the Receiver Detail Screen indicates that this receiver module has been set tuning Group A.

In NORMAL mode, only the Transmitter Frequency Select Switch settings would be displayed here.

When a receiver module is set to use a user programmable frequency group, the tuning behavior is modiﬁed slightly. Turning the MENU/SELECT control navigates among the frequencies that are “in” the currently selected tuning group. Turning the MENU/SELECT control while holding down the Function button allows any frequency to be selected, whether or not it is in the currently selected turning group.

Any time the currently tuned frequency is not in the current tuning group, the Group Tuning Mode indicator on the Receiver Detail Screen will blink. Any time the currently tuned frequency is in the current turning group, the Group Tuning Mode indicator will give a steady (non-blinking) indication.

User Programmable Frequency Group Behavior

The user programmable frequency groups work very similar to the factory groups with a few exceptions. The most obvious difference is the ability to add or remove frequencies from the group. Less obvious is the behavior of a user programmable frequency group with only one, or no entries.

A user programmable frequency group with only one entry will only display that one frequency regardless of how much the MENU/SELECT control is turned (without holding the Function button).

A user programmable frequency group with no entries reverts to non-group-mode behavior, i.e., access is allowed to all 256 available frequencies in the selected receiver module’s frequency block. However, once a frequency has been added to the tuning group, this behavior changes to group-mode behavior where the Function button must be pressed to access frequencies that are not part of the current tuning group.

Receiver Detail Screen

Returning to the Overview Screen and pressing the front panel Receiver Select button for the appropriate receiver displays the Receiver Detail Screen for the selected receiver. In the example, Tuning Group A was

Rio Rancho, NM

Group

Tuning

Mode

Adding/Deleting User Programmable Frequency Group Entries

Note: Each User Programmable Frequency Group has separate contents for each frequency block covered by the VRM. However, each user group’s contents are common to all receivers sharing the same group tuning mode and frequency block.

1. Start from the Receiver Detail Screen of a receiver module that is set to use Group “u” or Group “v” that is also in the desired frequency range block. (See Tuning Setup Screen.)

VR Field Receiver

Note: To get to the Receiver Detail Screen for a receiver module, press BACK until the Overview screen appears, then select the receiver module by pressing its Receiver Select button. If the Group Tuning Mode indicator is blinking, then currently tuned frequency is not in the group. If the Group Tuning Mode indicator is steady, then the current frequency is in the group. If the Group Tuning Mode indicator is absent, or displays as “a”, “b”, “c”, or “d”, then the receiver module is not set to on of the User Programmable Tuning Modes.

2. Hold the Function Key and rotate the MENU/SELECT control to any of the 256 frequencies in the block. Whenever the selection comes to rest on a frequency that is in the current group, the Group Tuning Mode indicator (letter “u” or “v”) will give a steady indication. On frequencies that are not in the group, the indicator will blink.

3. To add or remove the displayed frequency from the group, hold the Function button while pressing hte MENU/SELECT control. The Group Tuning Mode indicator will stop blinking to show that the frequency has been added to the group, or begin blinking to indicate that the frequency has been removed from the group.

The VRM is designed to route both antenna inputs to each receiver module. SmartDiversity is a microprocessor controlled antenna phase switching process which switches phase angle between the antenna inputs by 0 or 180 degrees depending on relative RF. The goal is to minimize dropouts caused by multi-path reﬂections.

Since each receiver actually acts independently in this mode, SmartDiversity allows diversity reception of up to six independent channels.

Antenna Phase AngleDiversity Mode

DivMode Setup Screen

The VR Field System offers three different Diversity modes of operation: SmartDiversity™ (switched), OptiBlend™ (ratio diversity) and Frequency Diversity. Regardless of which diversity mode is selected, receiver modules are always paired using the following combinations: 1-2, 3-4 and 5-6. However, in switched diversity operation, the individual receiver modules operate independently with each module having its own set of controls and indicators.

In ratio diversity and frequency diversity modes, the paired receiver modules act as a set. Pressing the Receiver Select button for one member of the pair has the effect of selecting or operating on both receiver modules in the pair.

Frequency diversity adds another facet in that it uses two transmitters requiring the transmitter outputs to be balanced in order for this mode to function correctly. (The ﬁgure below shows Receiver Modules 5 and 6 set for Frequency Diversity Mode.)

SmartDiversity

™

OptiBlend

™

OptiBlend™ is a ratio diversity method which combines the audio output from two adjacent receiver modules (1-2, 3-4 or 5-6) relative to the RF signal input levels at both receivers. The Overview Screen displays the paired receivers with the relative RF input for each receiver and a single (combined) audio output. While two independent RF channels are displayed on the Overview Screen, all other setup parameters are the same for both receivers. From the Overview Screen, pressing a Receiver Select button for either member of the diversity pair displays the Receiver Detail Screen for

Diversity Mode

Combined Audio

Receiver Module Pair

Separate RF

LECTROSONICS, INC.

Modular Digital Hybrid Wireless™ Receiver

that pair. In this screen, the RF Signal Strength meter is split with each side showing the RF signal strength of one of the members of the diversity pair. (In the previous ﬁgure, the RF signal strength for Receiver Module 5 is the left half of the meter and the RF signal strength for Receiver Mocule 6 is the right half.)

Frequency Diversity

Frequency Diversity mode uses two transmitters simultaneously carrying identical audio (the transmitter microphones are placed right next to each other), and the VR Field System performs a ratio blend of the audio output from the associated receiver modules to protect against dropouts. Another beneﬁt of this mode is the system avoids a transmitter that is signaling the end of its battery life.

Frequency Diversity pairs two transmitters (of the same make and model) with two adjacent receiver modules (1-2, 3-4 or 5-6). Each transmitter/receiver in the pair

Diversity

Mode

INVT Contro

(Shown with INVT Off.)

Receiver Module Pair

Combined Audio

Separate RF

matically sets the other receiver to the same compatibility mode. However, transmitter battery monitoring and operating frequency are set independently.

Frequency Diversity has two modes of operation: normal mode and test mode. Test mode is automatically activated when the DivMode Setup Screen is active and Frequency Diversity is selected. In this mode, the audio is always blended exactly 50/50 allowing a true null to be achieved when the INVT function is activated. When exiting this setup screen, normal mode is activated and the blending ratio depends on the RF signal strengths.

The INVT control is used during system setup to match the audio from each transmitter/receiver module pair. Pressing the front panel Function button inverts the audio from the second half of the selected receiver pair. This control can be used to balance transmitter audio output levels and to allow transmitters having opposing output audio phases to be used together in this mode.

Note: Each Receiver Module in the Frequency Diversity pair must be tuned independently to match the associated transmitter. This is done by selecting the receiver using the front panel Receiver Select Button to open its Receiver Detail Screen, then rotating the MENU/SELECT control to the desired frequency.

LockSet Setup Screen

The LockSet function is used to prevent inadvertent changes to the VR Field System setup. LockSet is accessed from the Top Menu. The MENU/SELECT control is used to toggle between the “NOT LOCKED” and “LOCKED” states.

Selected Receiver

Module from pair

highlighted

Separate RF

is tuned to a different frequency. The RF signal level at each receiver is monitored and the audio is blended in a manner similar to ratio diversity.

Select button for either member of the diversity pair displays the Receiver Detail Screen for that pair. In this screen, the RF Signal Strength meter is split with each side showing the RF signal strength of one of the members of the diversity pair. (In the previous ﬁgure, the RF signal strength for Receiver Module 5 is the left half of the meter and the RF signal strength for Receiver Mocule 6 is the right half.)

In Frequency Diversity mode, the compatibility mode, noise reduction, pilot tone bypass and output level are all matched. For example, setting the compatibility mode to Digital Hybrid in one receiver of the pair auto-

Rio Rancho, NM

VR Field Receiver

When the system is LOCKED, no settings or operating parameters may be changed from the LCD interface. The system also will not enter Scan Mode. This provides a measure of insurance against accidental changes while still allowing all parameters to be viewed. Attempts to change a parameter or enter Scan Mode when the system is LOCKED results in the LOCKED! screen message being displayed. The only exception is the LockSet Setup Screen itself.

Current Scan

mode

Scan Function

Warning: Do not enter the Scan Function during normal operation. This is a setup mode and not an operating mode. The Scan Function automatically removes two receiver modules from normal operation (one from each frequency block) and uses them to scan the frequency block ranges. (The reciever modules used for scanning cannot be changed by the user.) Entering the Scan Function during normal operation may result in unwanted audio interferrence, or accidental retuning of the scanning receiver modules.

The VR Field System has an integrated scanning function that displays a spectrum analysis as it scans across the frequency block range. The purpose is to ﬁnd unused frequencies, or frequencies with minimal RF interference. The Scan function has three modes: Scan, Stop and Zoom. These modes are displayed on the Scan screen and are accessed by pressing the front panel Function button.

Note: The current Scan mode is displayed in the upper left corner of the Scan screen. The mode which will be selected by pressing the Function button is highlighted and located under the current Scan mode.

To use the integrated scanning function, from the Overview Screen push the MENU/SELECT control to enter the Top Menu then rotate the control to highlight Scan. Pressing the MENU/SELECT control again begins the scanning function.

Press Function

button to halt

scanning

Press Function button to enter

Zoom mode

Press

Function

button to

resume

scanning

Currently Selected Receiver Module

Switch settings (Cursor Location)

Relative position of

6.6 MHz window in frequency block

Receiver Modules automatically

selected for scanning

Accumulated peaks

Transmitter Frequency Select

Currently Selected

Receiver Module

In Scan mode, the highlighted Receiver Module boxes are the receiver modules automatically selected for use for spectrum analysis. The user cannot change this selection. The lowest numbered receiver from each frequency block is used. They are essentially “borrowed” for the scanning function and are returned to their original frequencies in Stop or Zoom modes, or when Scan is exited.

In Scan mode, each vertical band of the display represents eight frequencies (800 kHz).

Scan Mode

The LCD switches to the Scan screen and automatically starts progressively scanning all installed frequency blocks. The unit will scan continually, accumulating the highest peak seen on each channel with each subsequent pass, until stopped by pressing the Function button or the MENU/SELECT control. Data gathered during the scanning process shows the “worst case scenario” for any given channel and is retained until the VRM is turned off or scanning is reset by momentarily pressing the POWER On/Off switch.

Warning: If one of the receiver modules is manually tuned in Stop mode or Zoom mode, the new frequency setting will persist when exiting Scan. Moving the cursor for the selected receiver module tunes that receiver in real time.

LECTROSONICS, INC.

Modular Digital Hybrid Wireless™ Receiver

Stop Mode

To stop scanning (but not exit Scan), press the front panel Function button once. In Stop mode, each vertical band in the display still represents eight frequencies (800 kHz). Rotating the MENU/SELECT control scrolls the cursor for the currently selected receiver across the tuning range. As the cursor scrolls across the tuning range, the Transmitter Frequency Select Switch settings associated with the cursor location are shown in the upper right corner of the display.

Up to six individual cursors appear in Scan mode, depending on the number of receiver modules installed and the diversity modes selected. (See DivMode Setup Screen.) Pressing the Receiver Select button for an individual receiver selects the corresponding cursor for that receiver. (The selected cursor blinks.) The corresponding Receiver Module box will be highlighted, and that receiver will be monitored at the PHONES jack. Rotating the MENU/SELECT control moves the selected cursor and tunes the selected receiver in real time.

The location of the selected cursor also controls the value displayed for the Transmitter Frequency Select Switch settings. Changing the cursor location, or selecting a different receiver module (and thus a different cursor) will change the value for the Transmitter Frequency Select Switch setting.

Zoom Mode

Pressing the Function button from Stop mode accesses Zoom mode which displays an expanded portion of the spectrum around a ﬁxed, vertical cursor. In this view, each vertical band represents one frequency (100 kHz). As the MENU/SELECT control is rotated, a 6.6 MHz window moves across the frequency block. The relative position of this window in the frequency block range is indicated on a horizontal bar at the bottom of the spectrum display.

CmdView Screen

The CmdView Screen is used primarily for diagnostics and for troubleshooting communication problems when setting up serial remote control systems.

The CmdView screen is a convenient utility to assist in verifying correct serial commands have been sent to the unit. This screen offers feedback when using computers or other devices connected to the RS-232 or USB serial ports. As commands are transferred through either of these ports to the VR Field System, those commands are listed in order of entry on the CmdView Screen.

Rolling list of serial commands

will be displayed here

Pressing the Function button again returns to Scan mode and resumes the scanning function.

Rio Rancho, NM

VR Field Receiver

Frequency Coordination

Intermodulation interference is a problem constantly lurking in the background, especially when working in environments where simultaneous productions are taking place in close proximity. In these cases, proper frequency coordination is a must. There are basically three methods to coordinate frequencies:

• Use the built-in frequency groups

• Scan for clear channels (See SmartTune™ and Scan Function.)

• Call Lectrosonics

Frequency Compatibility Chart

Considering that multiple systems can be used in a production, coordinating frequencies to minimize interference between these channels can be a daunting process.

The Frequency Compatibility Chart was designed to assist in minimizing intermodulation problems for multiple

channel wireless systems. It does this by identifying potential intermodulation problems and listing compatible frequencies and frequency groups. This chart can be used with all Digital Hybrid Wireless™ (400 Series) receivers.

The chart divides the frequency blocks used in the North American market into Set 1 and Set 2, then further divides each row into two groups of eight frequencies each. These frequency groups are labeled A and B and C and D, and correspond to the factory set frequency groups (Groups A, B, C and D) described in the Tuning Setup Screen.

Understanding and using the Frequency Compatibility Chart is not as difﬁcult as it ﬁrst appears. There is a pattern of compatible frequencies that becomes apparent, as illustrated on the Frequency Compatibility Diagram on the next page.

Frequency Compatibility Chart

LECTROSONICS, INC.

Frequency Compatibility Diagram

(See guidelines on page 16 for explanation)

Modular Digital Hybrid Wireless™ Receiver

Rio Rancho, NM

VR Field Receiver

The following guidelines should be observed when selecting frequencies:

1. Set 1 and Set 2 are NOT compatible.

Proper coordination requires that all frequencies be

taken from either Set 1 or Set 2, but not a combination of the two.

(The remaining guidelines make the assumption that you are choosing frequencies within one frequency set.)

2. Frequencies within an individual block in the same Set are compatible.

(Example: All 16 frequencies in

Block 25, Group A and B)

3. Frequencies from adjacent blocks, but different Groups are compatible.

(Example: Block 21, Group C frequencies

are compatible with Block 22, Group D frequencies)

4. Frequencies from adjacent blocks and the same Group are NOT compatible.

(Example: Block 26, Group B frequencies

are NOT compatible with Block 26, Group B frequencies)

It is highly recommeneded that you choose frequencies that are in the same set and same group.

By following these guidelines, it is possible to locate a number of operating frequencies early in the production that are free from intermodulation, then reﬁne the list during system setup.

Using the Scan Function

Refer to the section titled “Using Scan to Find Clear Channels” for details on how to use the built-in spectrum scanner.

Interference can result from a wide variety of sources including TV station signals, other wireless equipment in use nearby, or from intermodulation within the VR Field system itself. The RF spectrum analyzer built into the VR Field system uses a receiver in each frequency block to scan the tunable spectrum and ﬁnd clear channels with little or no interference. After scanning and ﬁnding the needed number of clear channels, one ﬁnal procedure is necessary to verify the compatibility of the chosen frequencies.

Turn on all transmitters and receivers and verify there is a strong RF signal for each receiver. Turn each transmitter off one at a time and observe the RF level indicator on the matching receiver. The RF level should disappear or drop to a very low level. If it does not, change frequency on that receiver and transmitter and try it again.

Any time a frequency is changed on any of the systems in use, you must start at the beginning and go through this procedure for all systems. This will test for higher order imtermodulation from all signal sources and avoid interference.

Call Lectrosonics

Lectrosonics uses a proprietary computer program to perform thousands of calculations and identify various interfering signals. Potential problems and trouble areas can be identiﬁed in advance, and proposed new frequencies or other solutions can be suggested. This service is offered to authorized Lectrosonics dealers and other customers who are using Lectrosonics® wireless microphone and wireless IFB systems.

LECTROSONICS, INC.

Antenna Use and Placement

Modular Digital Hybrid Wireless™ Receiver

As the name implies, the VR Field System is designed for use in the ﬁeld, as part of ENG/EFP system, for example. Although it can be operated with two right angle BNC whip antennas, it is suggested for maximum reception to use remote antennas such as the SNA600 or any of the ALP Series LPDA antennas. Position the remote antennas at least three or four feet apart and not within three or four feet of large metal surfaces. If this is not possible, try to position the antennas so that they are as far away from the metal surface as is practical. It is also good to position them so that there is a direct “line of sight” between the transmitter and the receiver antennas.

In situations where the operating range is less than about 100 feet, the antenna positioning is much less critical. However, the length of the cabling between antennas and the system is critical. Long cable runs can experience serious signal loss. Lectrosonics offers in-line RF ampliﬁers suitable for compensating for this signal loss. Contact your dealer or the factory for more information.

A wireless transmitter sends a radio signal out in all directions. This signal will often bounce off nearby walls, ceilings, etc. and a strong reﬂection can arrive at

the receiver’s antennas along with the direct signal. If the direct and reﬂected signals are out of phase with each other a cancellation may occur. The result is a “dropout.” A dropout can sound like audible noise (hiss or swishing), or in severe cases, it may result in a complete loss of both the carrier and the sound. Moving the transmitter even a few inches will change the sound of the dropout, or may even eliminate it. A dropout situation also may be either better or worse as a crowd ﬁlls or leaves the room.

The VR Field System offers a several sophisticated diversity designs which can overcome most dropout problems. In the event, however, that you do encounter a dropout problem, ﬁrst try moving the one of the remote antennas at least three or four feet from its current location. This may alleviate the dropout problem at that location. If dropouts are still a problem, try moving the antennas to entirely different locations.

Lectrosonics transmitters radiate power very efﬁciently, and our receivers are very sensitive. This reduces dropouts to an insigniﬁcant level. If, however, you do encounter dropouts frequently, call the factory or consult your dealer. There is probably a simple solution.

Phantom Power for Remote Antenna Amplifers

Warning: Phantom power operates independently of the power switch. When using battery power, you must disconnect the battery when the VR Field is not in use to prevent the battery from continuously discharging.

Remote antennas can be placed at a distance from the VRF to optimize reception. To overcome loss in long coaxial cable runs, a Lectrosonics UFM Series inline RF ﬁlter/amp can be positioned at the far end of the coaxial cable, close to the antenna, or use ALP650 antennas with built-in RF ﬁlter/amps. With ampliﬁer in this position, gain is applied ahead of the loss to maximize the signal to noise ratio of the antenna system.

Power for the UFM of ALP650 can be supplied by the VRF assembly through the coaxial cable by setting jumpers on the main PC board toward the center of the board as shown. Disconnect power from the VRF, then remove the top cover for access to the jumpers.

CAUTION: It is best practice to enable this DC power ONLY when a remote ampliﬁer is used. Some antennas may present a short to the power supply. While the power supply is fused and it is unlikely that damage would occur to the VRF, it is always best to disable the DC when it is not in use.

Location of Jumpers

Rio Rancho, NM

Jumper positioned to

enable DC power

VR Field Receiver

VR Replacement Parts and Accessories

DCR15/1A2U

Power Supply for VR Field Receiver; 90-240 VAC,

50/60 Hz input; 15 VDC (regulated), 1.2 A max. output, 18 W.

A500RA

UHF ﬂexible whip antenna with right angle BNC

connector (470 - 767 MHz)

SNA600

Collapsible dipole antenna adjustable from 550

MHz to 800 MHz. Ideal for situations where a full 360 degree receiving pattern is required as opposed to a directional pattern.

ALP Series Antennas

ALP500, ALP620 & ALP650 Shark Fin style Log

Periodic Dipole Array (LPDA) Antennas that provide a useful directional pattern over a broad frequency bandwidth. Ideal for portable applications including temporary setups for ﬁeld production.

ARG15-ARG100

Coaxial cables for remote antennas are available

from Lectrosonics in a variety of lengths - from 2 to 100 ft. Cables include Velcro tie wraps.

VRS

Standard receiver module.

VRT

Tracking receiver module.

P1196

Receiver Module Retainer Clips for securing indi

vidual receiver modules in VR chassis.

UFM-50

UHF Filter/Ampliﬁer Module. Ampliﬁer provides 5

dB, 8 dB or 12 dB of user selectable gain.

MC65

Audio interconnect cable for connecting VR Field

Receiver to computer audio input for Walk Test Recorder.

DCR151/A2U

A500RA(xx)

SNA600

ALP Series Antennas

ALP500 ALP620 ALP650

LECTROSONICS, INC.

Modular Digital Hybrid Wireless™ Receiver

Troubleshooting

Symptom Solution

Powerup Problems

LCD display not active Battery exhausted.

Battery power cable disconnected.

External power supply disconnected or malfunctioning.

Main power supply fuse tripped. Turn the receiver off, remove the cause of the overload and turn the receiver back on. (it may be necessary to wait up to 15 minutes for the Poly Fuse to reset.)

Wrong polarity power source. The external DC in requires POSITIVE to be on the center pin.

Receiver Modules Not Detected Receiver Module outside of VR Field Frequency Block Range.

Receiver Module not seated properly on Receiver Module Connector. (See Hardware Installation.)

Receiver Module Connector defective.

Receiver Module defective. (Swap Receiver Module with adjacent module in same frequency block and see if problem changes channels. If problem follows Receiver Module, the module may be defective.)

RF Problems (All Modules)

No Antenna Icon in any Receiver Module on Overview Screen

The antenna icon is only present in switched diversity and frequency

diversity modes, and never present in ratio diversity mode.

RF Level Weak Improper length antenna (if using UHF Whip Antennas)

Excessive length of cable between VR Field System and remote antenna assemblies. (Add UFM-50 if necessary. See Accessories.)

Antenna cables or connectors defective.

Antenna patch cables loose or defective (Multiple VR Field System installations only.)

RF Problems (Individual Modules)

RF Level Weak or Nonexistent Receiver Module not installed properly.

Receiver Module and Transmitter operating frequencies do not match.

Improper length antenna on associated transmitter

Transmitter battery low.

Transmitter defective.

RF Level Weak or Nonexistent and Check Frequency message displayed on LCD

Receiver Module and Transmitter operating frequencies do not match.

Rio Rancho, NM

VR Field Receiver

Symptom Solution

PILOT “P” keeps ﬂashing for Receiver Module when transmitter power switch is turned on

Pilot tone detection can take several seconds. Turn on the transmitter power (and the audio switch on some models) and wait 3 to 5 seconds for the “P” to indicate steadily.

Observe the RF Signal Strength Meter on the Receiver Detail Screen. If the there is little or no RF, then the problem is RF-related. If there is plenty of RF, then the transmitter and receiver are not on the same frequency, or there may be a compatiblity mode mismatch.

Noise on audio and Pilot indicator is “b” The pilot tone/squelch bypass has been activated. Set PilotBP for selected Receiver Module to NORMAL.

Pilot indicator not present but audio is being received

Receiver Module is set to a Compatibility Mode that doesn’t use pilot tone. Check that the Receiver Module’s Compatibility Mode matches the associated transmitter as any sufﬁciently strong signal can unsquelch the receiver in this mode, compatible or not.

Note: In Digital Hybrid (400 Series), 200 Series and IFB compatibility modes, the PILOT indicator on the front panel shows as a solid “P” to indicate that the audio has been turned on at the transmitter, and that the audio output on the receiver is enabled. When the “P” is on, the audio is enabled. If the “P” is ﬂashing the pilot tone is not detected and the audio will be muted (squelched). In the other compatibility modes, no pilot tone is used and the “P” is never displayed. Audio is present whenever the receiver detects a sufﬁciently strong signal.

Activating the “pilot bypass” function in any mode causes a lowercase “b” to appear in the pilot indicator position on the main window and forcibly unsquelches the audio.

Poor signal-to-noise ratio Associated transmitter gain set too low.

The noise may not be in the wireless system. Turn the transmitter audio gain all the way down and see if the noise remains. If the noise remains, then turn the power off at the transmitter and see if it remains. If the noise is still present, then the problem is not in the transmitter.

If noise is still present when the transmitter is turned off, try lowering the audio output level on the associated Receiver Module and see if the noise lowers correspondingly. If the noise remains, the problem is not in the VR Field System.

Receiver Module output is too low for the input of the device it is feeding. Try increasing the output level of the associated Receiver Module and lowering the input gain on the device the Receiver Module channel is feeding.

Distortion Input gain on associated transmitter set too high. Check and/or readjust input gain on transmitter according to the manufacturer’s recommendations and then verify the setting with the audio meter in the associated Receiver Detail Screen.

Audio output level too high for the device the Receiver Module’s output channel is feeding. Lower the output level of the associated Receiver Module.

LECTROSONICS, INC.

Modular Digital Hybrid Wireless™ Receiver

Symptom Solution

Bad frequency response or generally poor audio quality

Ensure the Receiver Module is set to the Compatibility Mode

matching the associated transmitter.

Check for Intermodulation problems. (See Frequency Coordination.)

Note: A number of symptoms may be caused by a strong interfering signal on the same frequency. Use the VR Field System’s Scan function to verify the transmitter and receiver are operating on a clear frequency channel.

Computer Interface Problems

“New Hardware Found” message does not appear when USB cable plugged into VR Field System

Defective USB cable between Computer System and VR Field, or

between Computer System and USB Hub (Multiple System Conﬁguration).

Defective USB Hub (Multiple System Conﬁguration)

VRpanel software installed, but USB Driver not installed. (See Installing LecNet2™ Software and USB Driver.)

VRpanel detected by Windows but cannot be detected by VRpanel program

VRpanel software installed, but USB Driver not installed. (See

Installing LecNet2™ Software and USB Driver.)

Not all VR Field Systems appear in response to the “Add VR(s) via USB...” command

Defective USB cable between USB Hub and affected VR Field System.

Defective USB Hub.

Rio Rancho, NM

VR Field Receiver

Speciﬁcations

Note: Some speciﬁcations apply only when the receiver is operating in the 400 Series (Digital Hybrid) mode.

Operating Frequencies (MHz) for Receiver Modules:

Block 21 537.600 - 563.100

Block 22 563.200 - 588.700

Block 23 588.800 - 607.900 and 614.100 - 614.300

Block 24 614.400 - 639.900

Block 25 640.000 - 665.500

Block 26 665.600 - 691.100

Block 27 691.200 - 716.700

Block 28 716.800 - 742.300

Block 29 742.400 - 767.900

Digital latency: 3.0 mS (whole system, Digital Hybrid transmitter)

3.0 mS (whole system, analog transmitter*)

1.5 mS (receiver only, Digital Hybrid mode)

3.0 mS (receiver only, analog compatibility mode*)

*delay is added to analog channels to align them with digital channels

Frequency selection: 256 frequencies in 100 kHz steps

Dual Block Range: Built in antenna mulitcoupler covers a two block range.

Block 21/22 537.600 - 588.700

Block 22/23 563.200 - 614.300 (excluding 608.000 to 614.000)

Block 23/24 588.800 - 639.900 (excluding 608.000 to 614.000)

Block 24/25 614.400 - 665.500

Block 25/26 640.000 - 691.100

Block 26/27 665.600 - 716.700

Block 27/28 691.200 - 742.300

Block 28/29 716.800 - 767.900

Pilot tone: 25 to 32 kHz; 5kHz deviation; unique pilot tone frequency for each selected carrier frequency, (Digital Hybrid mode)

Deviation: ± 75 kHz (max), (Hybrid mode)

Receiver Type: Triple conversion, superheterodyne

Frequency Stability: ±0.001 %

Front End Bandwidth:

VRF (VR Field Master): 50 MHz @ -3 dB

VRS (Standard Module): 30 MHz @ -3 dB

VRT (Tracking Module): 11 MHz @ -3 dB

Sensitivity (20 dB Sinad): 0.9 uV

AM Rejection: >60 dB, 2 uV to 1 Volt

Image & Spurious Rejection: 85 dB

Diversity Methods: Switched, ratio and frequency

FM Detector: Digital pulse counting detector @ 300 kHz

Audio Performance (overall system):

Frequency Response: 32 Hz to 20 kHz (+/-1dB), overall system (using a UM400 transmitter in Digital Hybrid mode)

THD: 0.2% (typical), (Digital Hybrid (400 Series) mode)

SNR at receiver output (dB)

(in Hybrid operating mode):

(Note: the dual envelope “soft” limiter provides exceptionally good handling of transients using variable attack and release time constants. The gradual onset of limiting in the design begins below full modulation, which reduces the measured ﬁgure for

SmartNR No Limiting w/Limiting

OFF

NORMAL

FULL

103.5

107.0

108.5

111.5

113.0

SNR without limiting by 4.5 dB).

Input Dynamic Range: 125 dB (with full transmitter limiting)

Audio Output Level: -15 dBu to +8 dBu, in 1 dB increments

LCD: 122x32 graphical display

Power Requirements: 10 to 18 VDC; 17.2 W max. (1.72 A @ 10 VDC to 1.05 A @ 18 VDC)

Weight (not including battery): VR Field with 6 VRS modules & clips: 5.77 lbs. (2619 g)

VR Field with 6 VRT modules & clips: 5.86 lbs. (2660 g)

Dimensions: 11.88”W x 3.5”H x8.25”D* (30.18 cm x 8.89 cm x 19.67 cm)

*(Depth measured from cover to end of BNC jacks, add 1.5” for rear handle)

LECTROSONICS, INC.

Modular Digital Hybrid Wireless™ Receiver

Service and Repair

If your system malfunctions, you should attempt to correct or isolate the trouble before concluding that the equipment needs repair. Make sure you have followed the setup procedure and operating instructions. Check the interconnecting cables and then go through the Troubleshooting section in this manual.

We strongly recommend that you do not try to repair the equipment yourself and do not have the local repair shop attempt anything other than the simplest repair. If the repair is more complicated than a broken wire or loose connection, send the unit to the factory for repair and service. Don’t attempt to adjust any controls inside the units. Once set at the factory, the various controls and trimmers do not drift with age or vibration and never require readjustment. There are no adjustments inside that will make a malfunctioning unit start working.

LECTROSONICS’ Service Department is equipped and staffed to quickly repair your equipment. In warranty repairs are made at no charge in accordance with the terms of the warranty. Out-of-warranty repairs are charged at a modest ﬂat rate plus parts and shipping. Since it takes almost as much time and effort to determine what is wrong as it does to make the repair, there is a charge for an exact quotation. We will be happy to quote approximate charges by phone for out-of-warranty repairs.

Returning Units for Repair

For timely service, please follow the steps below:

A. DO NOT return equipment to the factory for repair without ﬁrst contacting us by email or by phone. We need

to know the nature of the problem, the model number and the serial number of the equipment. We also need a phone number where you can be reached 8 A.M. to 4 P.M. (U.S. Mountain Standard Time).

B. After receiving your request, we will issue you a return authorization number (R.A.). This number will help speed

your repair through our receiving and repair departments. The return authorization number must be clearly shown on the outside of the shipping container.

C. Pack the equipment carefully and ship to us, shipping costs prepaid. If necessary, we can provide you with the

proper packing materials. UPS is usually the best way to ship the units. Heavy units should be “double-boxed” for safe transport.

D. We also strongly recommend that you insure the equipment, since we cannot be responsible for loss of or dam-

age to equipment that you ship. Of course, we insure the equipment when we ship it back to you.

Lectrosonics USA:

Mailing address: Shipping address: Telephone:

Lectrosonics, Inc. Lectrosonics, Inc. (505) 892-4501 PO Box 15900 581 Laser Rd. (800) 821-1121 Toll-free Rio Rancho, NM 87174 Rio Rancho, NM 87124 (505) 892-6243 Fax USA USA

Web: E-mail: www.lectrosonics.com sales@lectrosonics.com

Lectrosonics Canada:

Mailing Address: Telephone: E-mail:

49 Spadina Avenue, (416) 596-2202 Sales: colinb@lectrosonics.com Suite 303A (877) 753-2876 Toll-free Service: joeb@lectrosonics.com Toronto, Ontario M5V 2J1 (877-7LECTRO) (416) 596-6648 Fax

Rio Rancho, NM

581 Laser Road NE • Rio Rancho, NM 87124 USA • www.lectrosonics.com (505) 892-4501 • (800) 821-1121 • fax (505) 892-6243 • sales@lectrosonics.com

LIMITED ONE YEAR WARRANTY

The equipment is warranted for one year from date of purchase against defects in materials or workmanship provided it was purchased from an authorized dealer. This warranty does not cover equipment which has been abused or damaged by careless handling or shipping. This warranty does not apply to used or demonstrator equipment.

Should any defect develop, Lectrosonics, Inc. will, at our option, repair or replace any defective parts without charge for either parts or labor. If Lectrosonics, Inc. cannot correct the defect in your equipment, it will be replaced at no charge with a similar new item. Lectrosonics, Inc. will pay for the cost of returning your equipment to you.

This warranty applies only to items returned to Lectrosonics, Inc. or an authorized dealer, shipping costs prepaid, within one year from the date of purchase.

This Limited Warranty is governed by the laws of the State of New Mexico. It states the entire liablility of Lectrosonics Inc. and the entire remedy of the purchaser for any breach of warranty as outlined above. NEITHER LECTROSONICS, INC. NOR ANYONE INVOLVED IN THE PRODUCTION OR DELIVERY OF THE EQUIPMENT SHALL BE LIABLE FOR ANY INDIRECT, SPECIAL, PUNITIVE, CONSEQUENTIAL, OR INCIDENTAL DAMAGES ARISING OUT OF THE USE OR INABILITY TO USE THIS EQUIPMENT EVEN IF LECTROSONICS, INC. HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE LIABILITY OF LECTROSONICS, INC. EXCEED THE PURCHASE PRICE OF ANY DEFECTIVE EQUIPMENT.

This warranty gives you specific legal rights. You may have additional legal rights which vary from state to state.

3 October 2007

Lectronics VR Field Reference Manual

Specifications and Main Features

Frequently Asked Questions

User Manual