Lecroy waverunner 2 schematic

Download

EEMMOOTTEE

OONNTTRROOLL

AANNUUAARRYY

22000022

AANNUUAAL

LeCroy Corporation

700 Chestnut Ridge Road Chestnut Ridge, NY 10977–6499 Tel: (845) 578 6020, Fax: (845) 578 5985

Internet: www.lecroy.com

LeCroy, ProBus and SMART Trigger are registered trademarks, and ActiveDSO, ScopeExplorer, WaveAnalyzer and Waverunner are trademarks, of LeCroy Corporation. Centronics is a registered trademark of Data Computer Corp. Epson is a registered trademark of Epson America Inc. Mathcad is a registered trademark of MATHSOFT Inc. MATLAB is a registered trademark of The MathWorks, Inc. Microsoft, MS and Microsoft Access are registered trademarks, and Windows and NT trademarks, of Microsoft Corporation. PowerPC is a registered trademark of IBM Microelectronics. DeskJet, ThinkJet, QuietJet, LaserJet, PaintJet, HP 7470 and HP 7550 are registered trademarks of Hewlett-Packard Company.

Manufactured under an ISO 9000 Registered Quality Management System

www.lecroy.com to view the

Visit certificate.

LTXXX-RCM-E Rev B

This electronic product is subject to disposal and recycling regulations that vary by country and region. Many countries prohibit the disposal of waste electronic equipment in standard waste receptacles.

For more information about proper disposal and recycling of your LeCroy product, please visit www.lecroy.com/recycle.

T ABLE OF C ONTENTS

INTRODUCTION

PPAARRTTOONNEE::AABBOOUUTTRREEMMOOTTEECCOONNTTRROOL

CHAPTER ONE:

OperateWav erunner byRem ote Control......................................................................................... 5

STANDARDS............................................................................................................................................................6

PROGRAM MESSAGES........................................................................................................................................6

COMMANDS AND QUE RIES............................................................................................................................7

HE ADERS .................................................................................................................................................................8

HE ADER PATHS.....................................................................................................................................................8

DATA...........................................................................................................................................................................9

CHARACTE R DATA ..............................................................................................................................................9

NUMERIC DATA ....................................................................................................................................................9

STRING DATA.......................................................................................................................................................10

BLOCK DATA ........................................................................................................................................................10

RESPONSE MESSAGES .....................................................................................................................................10

USE S

COPEEXPLORER...........................................................................................................................................11

CHAPTER TWO:

Talk, ListenorContr ol....................................................................................................................13

TAL K, LISTE N OR CONTROL ........................................................................................................................13

INTERFACE ............................................................................................................................................................13

ADDRE SS ................................................................................................................................................................14

GPIB SIGNALS......................................................................................................................................................14

I/O BUFFERS.........................................................................................................................................................14

USE IEE E 488.1 STANDARD ME SSAGES ...................................................................................................15

DEVICE CLEAR....................................................................................................................................................15

GROUP EXE CUTE TRIGGER.........................................................................................................................15

REMOTE ENABLE ..............................................................................................................................................15

INTERFACE CL E AR ............................................................................................................................................16

CONFIGURE THE GPIB-DRIVE R SOFTW ARE .......................................................................................16

MAKE SIMPL E TRANSFERS............................................................................................................................17

USE ADDITIONAL DRIVER CALLS.............................................................................................................19

MAKE SERVICE REQUESTS ...........................................................................................................................19

Tak eInstrum ent Po lls ....................................................................................................................21

DO CONTINUOUS POL LING ........................................................................................................................21

TAK E A SERIAL POLL .......................................................................................................................................21

DO A PARAL L EL POLL .....................................................................................................................................22

........................................................................................................1

L ...............3

OVERVIEW

CONT RO L BY GPIB

....................................................................................5

...................................................................13

LTXXX-RCM-E RevB ISSUED: January 2002 iii

T ABLE OF C ONTENTS

PERFORM AN *IST POLL .............................................................................................................................. 24

Drive Hard-copy Devi c es o nth eGPIB ..........................................................................................25

READ DATA BY CONTROLLER .................................................................................................................... 25

SEND DATA TO BOTH ..................................................................................................................................... 25

TAL K DIRECTLY TO PRINTE R.....................................................................................................................26

CHAPTER THREE:

Communicat ethroughthe RS-232-C Port .....................................................................................29

HANDSHAKE CONTROL ................................................................................................................................29

EDITING FE ATURES.........................................................................................................................................30

MESSAGE TERMIN ATORS..............................................................................................................................30

SRQ MESSAGE ......................................................................................................................................................31

LONG LINE SPL ITTIN G .................................................................................................................................. 31

REMARKS...............................................................................................................................................................32

SimulateGPIB Messages...............................................................................................................3 3

CH APTER FOUR :

KnowYourWaveform.....................................................................................................................35

LOGICAL DATA BLOCKS ................................................................................................................................ 35

INSPECT WA VEFORM CONTENTS ............................................................................................................. 36

USE THE W A VE FORM QUERY ......................................................................................................................37

INTERPRET VERTICAL DATA ......................................................................................................................39

CALCUL ATE A DATA POINT’S HORIZONTAL POSITION ............................................................... 40

USE THE W A VE FORM COMMAND .............................................................................................................42

Tra nsfer Waveforms at HighSpeed................................................................................................4 3

CH APTER FI VE:

Use Status Register s.......................................................................................................................45

OVE RVIEW ............................................................................................................................................................45

STATUS BYTE REGISTER (STB)....................................................................................................................47

STANDARD EVENT STATUS RE GISTE R (ESR) ...................................................................................... 47

STANDARD EVENT STATUS ENABLE REGISTE R (ESE )................................................................... 48

SERVICE REQUEST ENABL E RE GISTER (SRE )..................................................................................... 48

PARALLEL POLL ENABLE RE GISTE R (PRE) .......................................................................................... 48

INTERNAL STATE CHANGE STATUS REGISTE R (INR).....................................................................48

INTERNAL STATE CHANGE ENABL E REGISTER (INE ) ..................................................................49

COMMAND E RROR STATUS RE GISTE R (CMR)..................................................................................... 49

DEVICE DEPENDEN T ERROR STATUS RE GISTE R (DDR).............................................................. 49

EXECUTION E RROR STATUS REGISTER (EXR)................................................................................... 49

USER REQUEST STATUS REGISTER (URR).............................................................................................49

CONT RO L BY RS232

............................................................. 29

UNDERSTAND AND MANAGE WAVEFORMS

CHECK WAVEFORM STATUS

................................................. 45

................... 35

iv ISSUED: January 2002 L TXXX-RCM-E Rev B

T ABLE OF C ONTENTS

PPAARRTTTTWWOO::CCOOMMMMAANNDDS

Use Wa ver unnerCommands andQueries.....................................................................................53

COMMAND NOTATION...................................................................................................................................53

TableofCommands and Queries– By Shor tForm... ................................................................... 55

TableofCommands and Queries– By Subsystem... .................................................................... 59

APPENDI X I

Example 1.....................................................................................................................................2 55

USE THE IN TERACTIVE GPIB PROGRAM “IBIC” ..............................................................................255

Example 2.....................................................................................................................................2 56

USE THE GPIB PROGRAM FOR IBM PC (HIGH-LEVEL FUNCTION CAL LS)..........................256

Example 3.....................................................................................................................................2 60

USE GPIB PROGRAM FOR IBM PC (LOW -LEVELFUNCTION CALLS)........................................260

APPENDIXII

WaveformTemplate......................................................................................................................26 3

IN DE X

.......................................................................................................................275

, GPIB PROGRAM EXAMPLES

, WAVEFORM TEMPLATE

S.......................................... 5 3

.......................................................255

............................................................263

LTXXX-RCM-E RevB ISSUED: January 2002 v

BLANK PAGE

vi ISSUED: January 2002 L TXXX-RCM-E Rev B

I NTRO DUCTION

Ab out this Manual

This manual explains how to remotely control the oscilloscope, using commands keyed into the external controller. This controller will normally be a computer, although it could be a simple terminal.

The manual includes a complete list of the commands you’ll need to perform most Wave runner operations (you can find commands for a few special, optional functions in the software option’s dedicated manual). The manual has two main parts:

Part One, “A bout R emote C ont r ol,” covers the principles of remote control, and offers practical examples.

Part Two, “C ommands ,” describes each of the remote control commands and queries for Waverunner operations. It starts w ith two special indexes that list the commands by short name and by category. Use these to find the command or query you wish to use.

See also the table of contents and the index at the back of the manual. As an additional guide, each chapter is prefaced by a summary of its contents. Wa tch for these icons and the information they signal:

s offer additional hints on how to get the most out of Waverunner actions or features.

TTIIPPs

s bring to your attention important information you should know.

NNOOTTEEs

See also Chapter 12, “U se Waver unner wit h PC,” in the Operator’s M anual.

LTXXX-RCM-E RevB ISSUED: January 2002 1

BLANK PAGE

2 ISSUED: January 2002 L TXXX-RCM-E Rev B

AARRT

NNE

Part One of the manual explains how Waverunner operates under remote control. I t covers GPIB and RS-232-C interfaces, the transfer and formatting of waveforms, and the use of status bytes in reporting errors.

OLL

LTXXX-RCM-E RevB ISSUED: January 2002 3

C HAPTER O NE:

In thi s chap te r, see how

To con stru ct pr o gr ammessages To use comm an ds and queries To include data, and mak e data strin gs TouseScopeExplorer for remote control

Over view

4 ISSUED: January 2002 L TXXX-RCM-E Rev B

C HAPTER O NE

Over v iew

Oper ate W aver unn erbyRemo te Con tr ol

Yo ucan fully control you r Waverunner oscilloscop eremote lyby using either the GPIB (General Purpose Interface Bus) port or the RS-232-C comm u nic a tion port on the scope rea r pan el, shown belo w. Theonly actions for which you must use the front panel controls are the powe ring up of the scope and the setting of remote addresses. Use L eCroy’s ScopeE xplorer software as the ideal interface between scope and PC (see page

11).

RS-232-C Port

Centronics Port

PowerInputBN C Signal Output

External MonitorPort

PC CardSlot

(Memory/ Hard-Disk card )

GPIB Port

Waverunner back panel , including t he G P I B and R S -232-C ports us ed in remot e cont rol .

: Use Waverunner Remote Control Assistant to monitor all your remote control operations. See the

TTIIPP:

COMM_HELP

command in Part Two of this manual, and Chapter 12 of the

Operator ’s Manual

,“Use

Waverunner with PC”.

LT3XX-RCM-E RevB ISSUED: January 2002 5

P ART O NE: ABOUT REMOTE CONTROL

STANDARDS

LeCroy remote control commands conform to the GPIB IE E E 488.2 ex ten sionof the IEEE 488.1 standa rd, whic h dea ls mainly with ele ctrical andmech a n ical issue s. The IEEE

488.2 recommendations ha v ealso be e nadopted for RS-232-C comm un ications wh erever appropriate .

PROGRAM MESSAGES

Yo ucontrol the oscilloscop eremotelyusingprogrammessa g es that consist of one or sev eral commands or qu e rie s . The program messa g e s yousend from the ex ternal controller to the W a v erunne r oscilloscop emu st conform to precise format structures. The oscilloscope will execute all program messages sent in the correct form, but will igno re those with errors.

You can use upper- or lowe r-case characters, or both, in program messages. W a rningor error messag es are normally not reported unle ss the controller ex p licitlyexa m ine sthe rele v a n t status

register, or if the status-enable registers have been set so that the controller can be interrupted w hen an error occurs. If you connect an external monitor to the W averunner’s RS-232-C port, how ever, yo uw ill be able to observe all your remote control transactions, including error messages, as they happen. See the command COMM_HELP in Part Two, “Commands.”

Program messages are separated by semicolons ; and end in a terminator:

<command/query>;.........;<command/query> <terminator>.

The oscilloscop ew ill not decod ean incomingprogram messag ebefore rece i vingits terminator. The exception is w h e nthe program mes sa g eis longe r thanthe 256 by te input buffer; thenthe oscilloscop ew ill start ana ly zingthe message whe n the buffer is full. Commands and queries are executed in the order in w hich they are transmitted.

standard. This may be considered an

In GPIB mode, the follow ingare valid terminators: <NL > New-line character (i.e. the ASCII new-line character, w hose decimal value is 10). <NL >< EOI> New-line character with a simultaneous < EOI> signal. <EOI> < E OI> Signal together w ith the last character of the program message. The <NL > <EOI> terminator is always use d in resp on semes sa g e s sent by the oscilloscope to the controller.

In RS-232-C commu n ic a tions , you can de fine the terminator with the comman dCOMM_RS232. The default value is <CR>, which is the ASCII carriage return charac ter, who sede cimal valu eis 13.

NNOOTTEE:

: T he < E OI> signal is a dedicated GPI B interface line, which can be set witha special call to the GPIB inter face driv er. Referto theGPIB in ter f ace manufacturer’s manual and supp o r t pr o gr am s .

*ANSI/IEE E Std. 488.2–1987, IE EE Standard Codes, Formats, Protocols, and Common Commands. The Institute of Electrical and Electronics E nginee rs

Inc., 345 E ast 47th Street, New York, NY 10017 USA.

6 ISSUED: January 2002 LTXXX-RCM-E RevB

C HAPTER O NE:

COMMAND S AND QUERIES

Program messages are made up of one or more commands or queries. While the command directs the

oscillosco p eto chang eits state (for ex a m p le, its timeba seor vertical sensitivity) the query ask s the oscillosc op e

about that state. Very often, you will use the same mnemonic for a command and a query , the query being

identified by a ? after the last character.

For ex a m p le, to chang ethe timeba seto 2 ms/div , send this comma n d to the oscilloscop e:

TIME_DIV 2 M

Or, to ask the oscilloscop eabo u t its timeb a se, send this query:

TIME_DIV?

A query causes the oscilloscop eto sen d a respon semess a g e. The control programshouldread this messa g ew ith

a ‘read’ instruction to the GPIB or RS-232-C interface of the controller.

Theresponsemessagetotheabovequerymightbe:

TIME_DIV 10 NS

The portion of the query preceding the question mark is repeated as part of the response message. If desired,

this text can besuppressed withthecommand COMM_HEADER.

Depending on the state of the oscilloscope and the computation to be done, several seconds may pass before a

response is received. Command interpretation does not have priority over other oscilloscope activities.

The general form of a command or a query consists of a command header, < header> , optionally followed by

one or several parameters, < data> , separated by commas:

Overview

The notation [?] shows that the question mark is optional (turning the command into a query). There is a space between the header and the first parameter. There are commas between parameters.

The following are examples of how program messages are made up of commands and queries...

GRID DUAL: This program message consists of a sing lecomma n d that instructs the oscilloscope to display a dual grid.

The terminator is not show n , as it is usu ally automaticallyadd ed by the interfacedriver routine writing to GPIB

or RS232.

DZOM ON; DISPLAY OFF; DATE?:This program message consists of tw o commands, followed by a

query . They instruct the oscilloscope to turn on the multi-zoom mode, turn off the display , and then ask for the

current date. Again, the terminator is not shown.

DATE 15,JAN,1993,13,21,16: This command instructs the oscilloscope to set its date and time to 15

JAN 1993, 13:21:16. The comma n dhea d e r DATE indicates the action, the 6 data values specify it in detail.

LT3XX-RCM-E RevB ISSUED: January 2002 7

: Set the controller I/ O timeout conditions

TTIIPP:

to thr e eormore seconds to giv ethescop etime to respo n d. An incorr ect query will not get a re sp o nse; and, if Remo te Con trol Assistant is ena bled, a beep will sound.

P ART O NE: ABOUT REMOTE CONTROL

HEADERS

The hea d e r is the mnemon ic form of the operation to be pe rformed by the oscilloscope. Most comma ndand query headers have a long form, which allows them to be read more easily, and a short form for better transfer and decoding spee d. The two are fully equivalent and you can use them interchangeably. For example, TRIG_MODE AUTO and TRMD AUTO are two separate but equivalent commands for switching to the automatic trigger mode.

Some comman dor qu e ry mnemo nic s are impose dby the IEEE 488.2 standard. Theyare stand a rdize dso that differen t oscilloscop es w ill presen t the same programminginterfacefor similar functions.All thesemnemo n ics beginwithanasterisk* . For example, the command *RST is the IEEE 488.2 impose dmnem on ic for rese tting the oscilloscope, whe reas *TST? instructs the oscilloscop eto perform an internal self-test andreport the outcome.

HEADERPATHS

Certain commands or queries apply to a sub-section of the oscilloscope; for example, a single input channel or a trace on the display . In such cases, you must prefix the heade r by a path name that indicates the channel or trace to which the command applies. The header path normally consists of a two-letter path name followed by a colon : immediately preceding the command heade r. One of the wave form traces can usually be specified in the header path:

HEADER PAT H N AM E WAV E FOR M T RACE

C1, C2 C3, C4 M1, M2, M3, M4 TA, TB, TC, TD EX, EX10, EX5 LINE

Example: C1:OFST -300 MV Command to set the offset of Channel 1 to −300 mV. You need only specify a header path once. Subsequent commands with header destinations not indicated are

assumed to refer to the last defined path. For example, the queries C2:VDIV?; C2:OFST? ask: What is the vertical sensitivity and the offset of channel 2? While the queries C2:VDIV?; OFST? ask exactly the same qu e stion without repe a tingthe path.

Channels 1 and 2 Channels 3 and 4 (on four-channel models) Memories 1, 2, and3 an d4 Trac es A, B, C an dD External trigger LINE sourcefor trigger

8 ISSUED: January 2002 LTXXX-RCM-E RevB

C HAPTER O NE:

DATA

Whenever a command or query uses additional data values, the values are expressed as ASCII characters. There

is a single exception: the transfer of wave forms with the command/query WAVEFORM, where the wa veform can

be expressed as a sequence of binary data values. See Chapter 4, “Wavef or m St r uct ur e.” ASCII data can

have the form of character, numeric, string, or block data.

CHARACTER DATA

Thesearesimplewordsor abbreviationsto indicate a specific action.

Example: DUAL_ZOOM ON

In this example, the data value ON commands the dual zoom mode to be turned on (the data value OFF will

havetheoppositeeffect).

How eve r, this can become more complex. In some commands, where you can specify as many as a dozen

different parameters, or wherenot all theparametersareapplica ble at thesametim e, theformat re quires pairs of

data values . The first value names the parameter to be modified, while the second gives its value. Only those

parameter pairs changed need to be indicated.

Example: HARDCOPY_SETUP DEV,EPSON,PORT,GPIB

In this example, two pairs of parameters have been used. The first specifies the device as an EPSON (or

compatible) printer, w hile the second indicates the GPIB port. While the command HARDCOPY_SETUP allow s

many more parameters, either they are not relevant for printers or they are left unchanged.

Overview

NUMERIC DATA

The numeric data type is used to enter quantitative information. Numbers can be entered as integers or

fractions,or in exponential representation:

TA:VPOS -5 Move the displaye d trace of Trace A downw ards by five divisions.

C2:OFST 3.56 Set the DC offset of Channel 2 to 3.56 V.

TDIV 5.0E-6 Adjust thetimebaseto5µsec/div.

Example: There are many way s of setting the timebase of the oscilloscope to 5 µsec/div:

TDIV 5E-6 Exponential notation, without any suffix.

TDIV 5 US SuffixmultiplierU for 1E −6, with the(optional) suffixS for seconds.

TDIV 5000 NS

TDIV 5000E-3 US

Yo ucan follow nume ric value s with multiplie rs and units, to modify the valu eof the nu merical ex p re ssio n.The

following mnemonics are recognized:

LT3XX-RCM-E RevB ISSUED: January 2002 9

P ART O NE: ABOUT REMOTE CONTROL

MULTIPLIER E XP .NOT E. SUFFIX MULTIPLIER E XP.NOTE . SUFFIX

EX 1E18 Exa- PE 1E15 PetaT 1E12 Tera- G 1E9 GigaMA 1E6 Mega- K 1E3 k iloM N F

STRIN G DATA

Thisdata type enables youto transfera (long) stringof characters asasingleparameter. Simplyenclose any sequence of ASCII characters betwee n single or double quotation marks:

MESSAGE ‘Connect probe to point J3’

The oscilloscope displays this message in the Message field above the grid.

BLOCK DATA

These are binary data values coded in hexade cimal ASCII: four-bit nibbles translated into the digits 0 through 9 or A through F, and transmitted as ASCII characters. They are used only for the transfer of wa veforms from Wa verunner to controller (WAVEFORM) and for Wa verunner panel setups (PANEL_SETUP)

RESPONSE MESSAGES

The oscilloscope sends a response message to the controller in answ er to a query . The format of such messages is the same as that of program messages: individual responses in the format of commands, separated by semicolon s ; and ending in terminators. These messages can be sent back to the oscilloscope in the form in which they were received, to be accepted as valid commands. In GPIB response messages, the < NL > < E OI> terminator is alwa ys used.

1E−3 1E−9 1E−15

milli- U nano- PI femto- A

1E−6 1E−12 1E−18

micropicoatto-

Example: The controller sends the program message: TIME_DIV?;TRIG_MODE NORM;C1:COUPLING? (terminator not shown).

The oscilloscope might respond to this with: TIME_DIV 50 NS;C1:COUPLING D50 (terminator not shown) .

The response message refers only to the queries: TRIG_MODE is left out. If this responseis sent backto the oscillosco p e, it is a valid program messa g efor setting its timebase to 50 ns/div and the inp u t couplin gof

Channel 1 to 50 Ω. Whenever you expect a response from the oscilloscope, you must have the control program instruct the GPIB

or RS-232-C interface to rea dfrom the oscilloscop e. If the controller sends another program message without reading the response to the previous one, the response message in the output buffer of the oscilloscope will be

10 ISSUED: January2002 LTXXX-RCM-E Rev B

C HAPTER O NE:

disca rde d . The oscilloscope kee ps to stricter rules for resp on seme ssa g e sthan for acc e p tan ceof program

messages. While you can send program messages from the controller in upper- or lower-case characters,

response messages are always returned in upper-case. Program messages may contain extraneous spaces or tabs

(white space), but response messages will not. And while program messages may contain a mixture of short and

long command or query heade rs, response messages alwa ys use short headers by default.

How eve r, you can use the command COMM_HEADER to force the oscilloscopeto uselong hea ders, or noneat

all. If the response header is omitted, the response transfer time will be minimized. But the response will not be

ableto be sent back to the oscilloscope. Suffix units are also supp resse d in the response .

If you were to set the trigger slope of Channel 1 to negative, the query C1:TRSL? mig ht yie ld the following

response s:

Overview

C1:TRIG_SLOPE NEG hea der format: long

C1:TRSL NEG hea der format: short

NEG

header format: off

: Wav efo r m s you obtain fromthe

TTIIPP:

oscilloscope using the query

WAVEFORM?

a special kind of response message. Control theirex act for m at by using the

COMM_FORMAT

an d

COMM_ORDER

are

commands.

USE SCOPEEXPLORER

ScopeExplorer is an easy-to-use and practical software tool for interfacing your W ave runner oscilloscope with a

PC running Windows:

1. Connect the scope to a PC using either the GPIB (you’ll need a PC with GPIB card installed) or PCstandard RS-232-C port on the scope ’s rea r pan el.

2. DownloadScopeExplo rer free of ch argeat http:/ / www.lecroy .com/ scopeexplorer. Or inquire at your LeCroy customer service center.

3. Having installed ScopeExplorer, open it as you would any Windows program. Use its on-line help to do the follow in g :

Use the teletype-like terminal to send standard remote control commands from computer to oscillosco p e, an dto displa ythe W a v erunne r respon seon the PC.

Control the scope by means of an interactive, virtual scope front panel. Pipe sequences of commands from a file to the scope, then send the scope’s responses to another file. Transfer pixel-for-pixel copies of your Wa verunner display to PC, then view them, print them, or both

from the computer. With a single press of a button or key , you can copy bitmap wave form images to the Windows Clipboard, ready to paste into any Windows application.

Capture Wa verunner front panel setups and, using a long filename, store them on the computer. You can then transfer them back into the scope to reproduce an identical setup.

Transfer your waveforms to PC, and store them in either the compact L eCroy Binary format, or an

ASCII version compatible with PC-based analysis products.

LT3XX-RCM-E RevB ISSUED: January 2002 11

C HAPTER T WO:

In thi s chap te r, see how

To address yo urWav er un n erscope forGPIB Toconfi gureGPIB softwa re To enable remote or local control To mak e transfer s of data To makeservice reque sts To poll Waverunner To driv e har dcopy devices

ControlbyGPIB

12 ISSUED: January2002 LTXXX-RCM-E Rev B

C HAPTER T WO

ControlbyGPIB

Talk, L isten, or Control

Yo ucan remotelycontrol you r W a v e runn e r oscilloscope, usingthe Gene ra l PurposeInterfaceBus (GPIB). GPIB is similar to a standard computer bus. But while the computer interconnects circuit cards by means of a bac k plane bus, the GPIB interconn e cts inde p endent devices (os cillos copes and compute rs, for ex a m p le) by means of a cable bus. GPIB also carries both program and interface messages.

Progr ammessages, often called device dependent messages, contain programming instructions, measurement results,and oscilloscopestatus and wa v eform data.

Interface messages manage the bus itself. They perform functions such as initialization, addressing and “unaddressing” of devices, and the setting of remote and local modes.

TALK, LIST EN, OR CONTROL

On the one hand, devices connected by GPIB to your Wa verunner oscilloscope can be listeners, talkers, or controllers. A talker sends program messages to one or more listeners, w hile a controller manages the flow of information on the bus by sending interface messages to the devices. The host computer must be able to play all three roles. For details of how the controller configures the GPIB for specific functions, refer to the GPIB interface manufacturer’s manual.

On the other hand, the Waverunner can be a talker or listener, but

IN T ERFACE

W averunne r interface cap abilities includethe following IEEE 488.1 de finitions:

AH1 Complete Acceptor Handshake DC1 CompleteDeviceClearFunction SH1 Complete Source Handshake DT1 Comp lete DeviceTrigger L4 Partial Listener Function PP1 Parallel Polling : remo te configurable T5 Comp le te Talke r Function C0 No Controller Functions SR1 Comp le te Service Reque s t Function E2 Tri-stateDrive rs RL1 Complete R emote/Local Function

LTXXX-RCM-E RevB ISSUED: January 2002 13

NOT a controller.

P ART O NE: ABOUT REMOTE CONTROL

ADDRE SS

Every device on the GPIB has an address. To address Wa verunner, set the remote control port to GPIB by means of thescope ’s front pane l UTILITIES button and on-scree nmen u s .If yo usele ct “RS-232” in the same way, the oscilloscop ew ill execute over the GPIB solely“talk-only ” operations,such as driving a printer. Setting W averunne r to “RS-232” enab le sthe oscilloscop eto becontrolled throughtheRS-232-C port. See Chapter 12 of the Operator’s M anual for how to do this.

If youaddre ss Wa v e runn e r to talk, it will rema in in that state until it receives a uni versal untalk comma n d (UNT), its ow n listen address (ML A), or ano ther oscillosco p e’s talk addres s .

If youaddre ss Wa v e runn er to listen, it w ill rema inconfiguredto listen until a univ e rsa l unlisten comma n d (UNL ), or its own talker address (MTA), is received.

GPIB SIGNAL S

The GPIB bus systemconsists of 16 signal lines and eigh t ground or shieldlines .The signa l lines are divided into three groups:

Data Lines:Theseeig h t lines , usua llycalle d DI01 throughDI08, carry both prog ramand interface messag es. Most of the messages use the 7-bit ASCII code, in which case DI08 is unused.

Handshake Lines:These three lines control the transfer of message bytes between devices. The process is called a three-wire interlocked handshake, and it guarantees that the message bytes on the data lines are sent and received without transmission error.

Inter face Management Lines: These five lines manage the flow of information across the interface: ATN (ATteNtion): The controller drives the ATN line true when it uses the data lines to send interface

mes sa g es suchas talk and listen addresses or a deviceclea r (DCL ) messa g e. WhenATN is false, the bus is in data mode for the transfer of program messages from talkers to listeners.

IFC (InterFaceClear):The controller sets the IFC line true to initialize the bus. RE N (RemoteENable): The controller uses this line to place devices in remote or local program mode. SRQ (ServiceReQues t ): AnydevicecandrivetheSRQlinetruetoasynchronouslyrequest servicefromthe

controller. This is the equivalent of a single interrupt line on a computer bus. EOI(End Or Identify):This line has tw o purposes: The talker uses it to mark the end of a message string.

The controller uses it to tell devices to identify their response in a parallel poll (discussed later in this section).

I/O BUFFE RS

The oscilloscope has 256-byte input and output buffers. An incoming program message is not decoded before a message terminator has been received. However, if the input buffer becomes full (because the program mes sa g eis longe r than the buffer),the oscilloscop estarts analy z ingthe messa ge. In this casedata trans miss ion is temp o rarilyhalted , and the controller maygen e ratea timeo u t if the limit was set too low.

14 ISSUED: January2002 LTXXX-RCM-E Rev B

C HAPTER T WO:

USE IE E E 488.1 STAN DARD M E SSAGE S

The IEEE 488.1 stand a rd specifies not onlythe mech a n ical andele ctrical asp ects of the GPIB, but also the low-level transfer protocol. For instance, it defines how a controller addresses devices, turns them into talkers or listeners, resets them or puts them in the remote state. Such interface messages are executed with the interface management lines of the GPIB, usually with ATN true.

ControlbyGPIB

All these messages except GET are executed immediately upon receipt.

The command list in Part Two of this manual does not contain a command for clearing the input or output buffers, nor for setting the oscilloscope to the remote state.

This is because such commands are already specified as IEEE 488.1 standard messages. Refer to the GPIB interface man u al of the host controller as w e ll as to its supp ort progra ms , whic h should contain spec ia l calls for theexecutionof thesemessages.

The following description covers those IEEE 488.1 standard messages that go beyond mere reconfiguration of the bus and that have an effect on Wave runner operation.

DEVICE CLEAR

In response to a universal Device CLear (DCL ) or a Selected Device Clear message (SDC), Wave runner clears the input or output buffers, cancels the interpretation of the current command (if any) and clears pending commands. However, statusregisters and status-enableregisters arenot cleared. Although DCL will have an immediate effect, it can take several seconds to exe cute if the oscilloscopeis busy.

GROUP EXECUTE TRI GGER

The Group E xecute Trigger message (GET) causes Waverunner to arm the trigger system, and is functionally ide ntica l to the *TRG command.

N OT E : In addition to the IE E E 488.1 interface message standards, the IE E E 488.2 standard specif ies certainstandar dized pr ogrammessages, i.e., comm and h eader s. Theyare iden tified witha leadin g asterisk * and are listed in the System Commands section.

RE MOT E ENABL E

This interface message is executed when the controller holds the Remote ENable control line (RE N) true, allowing you to configure the oscilloscope as a listener. All the front panel controls except the menu buttons are disabled. The menu indications on the right-hand side of the screen no longer appea r, since menus cannot now be operated manually . Instead, the text REMOTE E N ABL E appears at the top of the menu field to indica te that the oscilloscop eis set in the remote mode . When e v er the controller returns the RE N line to false, all oscillosco pes on the bus return to GO TO LOCAL.

When you press the GO TO LOCAL menu button, the scope returns to front panel control, unless you have pla ced the oscillosco p ein Local LOckout (LLO) mode (seebelo w).

LTXXX-RCM-E RevB ISSUED: January 2002 15

P ART O NE: ABOUT REMOTE CONTROL

The Go To Local message (GTL) causes the oscilloscopeto return to local mode . All front pa n e l controls become active and the normal menus reappe ar. Thereafter, whene ver the oscilloscope is addressed as a listener it will be immediately reset to the remote state, except when the LL O command has been sent.

When you activate Local Lockout the scope can only be returned to its local state by returning the L LO to false.Whene v er youreturn the oscillosco p eto the remote state the local lockou t modewill immedia te ly becom eeffective again.

The L ocal LOckout message (L L O) causes the GO TO LOCAL menu to disappear. You can send this message in local or remote mode. But it only becomes effective once you have set the oscilloscope in remote mode.

INTERFACE CLEAR

The InterFace Clear message (IFC) initializes the GPIB but has no effect on the operation of the Wa verunner.

NNOOTTEE:

: To illu strate theGPIB progr amming concep ts a nu mberof examples writteninBASICA are included here. It is assumed that the controller is IBM- PC compatible, running under DO S, and that it is equipp ed with a N ational Instrumen ts GPIB interface card. Neverth eless, GPIB pro gram m in g withotherlanguages such as C orPascal is quite similar . If yo u’re using ano th ertype of comp uteror GPIB interface, refe rto the interface manual forinstallatio npr o ced ur es and subro utine calls.

CONF IGURE TH E GPIB DRIVER SOFTWARE

1. Verify that the GPIB interface is properly installe d in the computer . If it is not, followthe interface

man u facture r’s installation instructions. In the caseof the National Instruments interface , it is pos sibleto modify the base I/ O address of the board, the DMA channel number, and the interrupt line setting using switches and jumpers. In the program examples below, default positions are assumed.

2. Connect Wave runner to the computer with a GPIB interface cable.

3. Set the GPIB address to the required value. The program examples assume a setting of 4. The host computer requires an interface driver that handles the transactions betwe en the operator’s programs

and the interface board. In the caseof the National Instrume n ts interface , the installation proced u re will: a. CopytheGPIB handler GPIB.COM into theboot director y. b. Modify the DOS system configuration file CONFIG.SYS to declare the presence of the GPIB handler. c. Crea te a sub-directory calle dGPIB-PC, and install in GPIB-PC a numb e r of files and programs useful for

testing and reconfiguring the system, and for writing user programs.

The following files in the sub-directory GPIB-PC are particularly useful: IBIC.EXE allows interactive control of the GPIB by means of functions entered at the keyboard. Use of this

program is highly recommended to anyoneunfamiliar with GPIB programming or w ith Wave runner’s remote commands.

16 ISSUED: January2002 LTXXX-RCM-E Rev B

C HAPTER T WO:

DE CL.BAS is a declaration file that contains code to be included at the beginning of any BASICA application

program.Simpleapplicationprograms can bequicklywritten byappendingtheoperator’s instructionsto DECL.BAS andexecuting thecompletefile.

IBCONF.EXE is an interactive program that allows inspection or modification of the current settings of the GPIB handler. To run IBCONF.EXE, refer to the National Instruments manual.

ControlbyGPIB

NNOOTTEE:

: I n the program examples in this section, it is assumed that the N ational Instruments GPIB driv erGPIB.COM is in its default state, i.e., that the user has no t modified it with IBCONF.E XE . T his means that the interface board can be referred to by the symbolic name ‘GPIB 0’ and that devices onthe GPIB bus withaddresses between1and 1 6can be called by the sym bol ic names ‘DEV1 ’ to ‘DEV1 6 ’. If you h av ea NationalInstruments PC2 in ter f ace card r ath erth anPC2A, yo u must run IBCONF to declare th epresen ceof thi s card ratherthanthe defau l t PC2A.

MAKE SIMPLE TRANSFERS

For a large number of remote control operations it is sufficient to use just three different subroutines (IBFIND, IBRD and IBWRT) provide d by National Instrume n ts. The following complete program rea d s the timebase setting of Waverunner and displays it on the terminal:

1–99 100 DEV$=“DEV4” 110 120 CMD$=“TDIV?” 130 CALL IBWRT(SCOPE%,CMD$) 140 150 PRINT RD$ 160

<DECL.BAS>

CALL IBFIND(DEV$,SCOPE%)

CALL IBRD(SCOPE%,RD$)

END

Lines 1–99 are a copy of the file DECL .BAS supplied by N ational Instruments. The first six lines are required for the initialization of the GPIB handler. The other lines are declarations w hich may be useful for larger programs, but are not really required code. The sample program above only uses the strings CMD$ and RD$, which are declared in DE CL .BAS as arrays of 255 characters.

Lines 100 and 110 openthe deviceDEV4 and associatewith it thedescriptor SCOPE%. All I/O calls after that w ill refer to SCOPE%. The default configuration of the GPIB handler recognizes DEV4 andassocia tes with it a device with the GPIB address 4.

Lines 120 and 130 prepare the command string TDIV? and transfer it to the oscilloscope. The command instructs the oscilloscope to respond with the current setting of the timebase.

LTXXX-RCM-E RevB ISSUED: January 2002 17

P ART O NE: ABOUT REMOTE CONTROL

Lines 140 and 150 read the response of the oscilloscope and place it into the character string RD$. Line 170 displays the response on the terminal.

NOTE: DECL.BAS requ ires acce ss to the file BIB.M du ring the GPIB initializa tion. BIB.M is one of the files supplied by N ational Instruments, and it must exist in the directory currently in use.

Thefirst two linesof DE CL.BAS both contain astring XXXXX, whichmustbe replaced bythenumber of bytes that determinethemaximum workspace for BASICA (computed bysubtracting thesizeof BIB.M from the spa cecurrently availa b lein BASICA). For ex a m p le, if the size of BIB.M is 1200 bytes , and whe nBASICA is loaded it repo rts “60200 bytes free,” you should rep la ce“XXXXX” bythe value 59 000 orless.

When running this sample program, Wa verunner w ill automatically be set to the remote state w hen IBWRT is exe cuted, and will remain in that state. Pressing the LOCAL menu button will return Wa verunner to local mode if the GPIB handler was modified to inhibit L ocal LOckout (LL O). Here is a slightly modified version of the sample program that checks if any error occurred during GPIB operation:

1–99 <DECL.BAS> 100 DEV$=“DEV4” 110 CALL IBFIND(DEV$,SCOPE%) 120 CMD$=“TDIV?” 130 CALL IBWRT(SCOPE%,CMD$) 140 IF ISTA% < 0 THEN GOTO 200 150 CALL IBRD(SCOPE%,RD$) 160 IF ISTA% < 0 THEN GOTO 250 170 PRINT RD$ 180 IBLOC(SCOPE%) 190 END 200 PRINT “WRITE ERROR =”;IBERR% 210 END 250 PRINT “READ ERROR =”;IBERR% 260 END

TheGPIB statuswordISTA%, the GPIB error variable IBERR% and the count variable IBCNT% are defined by the GPIB handler and are updated with every GPIB function call. Refer to the National Instruments manual for details. The sample program above w ould report if the GPIB address of the oscilloscope was set to a value other then 4. L ine 180 resets the oscilloscope to local with a call to the GPIB routine IBLOC.

18 ISSUED: January2002 LTXXX-RCM-E Rev B

C HAPTER T WO:

USE ADDIT I ONAL DRIVER CALLS

IBLOC is used to execute the IE EE 488.1 standard message Go To L ocal (GTL), i.e. it returns the

oscillosc op eto the loca l state. The programmin gexample aboveillustrates its use.

IBCLR executes the IE EE 488.1 standa rd messa g eSelectedDeviceClear (SDC). IBRDF and IBWRTF, respe ctively , allowdata to be read from GPIB to a file, and w ritten from a file to

GPIB. Transferring data directly to or from a storage device does not limit the size of the data block, but may be slow e r than transferring to the computer memory .

IBRDI andIBWRTI allowdatatobereadfromGPIBtoanintegerarray,andwrittenfromintegerarray to GPIB. Since the integer arrayallows storageof up to 64 kiloby tes (in BASIC), IBRDI and IBWRTI should be used for the transfer of large data blocks to the computer memory , rather than IBRD or IBWRT, w h ichare limited to 256 by tes by the BASIC string length. Note that IBRDI andIBWRTI only exist for BASIC, since for more modern programming languag es, such as C, the functions called IBRD andIBWRT are far less limited in da ta blocksize .

IBTM O can be used to change the timeout value during program execution. The default value of the GPIB driver is 10 seconds — for example, if the oscilloscop edoe s not respo n d to an IBRD call, IBRD will return with an error after the specified time.

IBTRG executes the IEEE 488.1 stand a rd messa g eGroup Exe cu te Trigge r (GE T), wh ichcaus e s Waverunner toarm the trigger system.

National Instruments supply a number of additional function calls. In particular, it is possible to use the socalle dboard leve l calls , wh ichallowa very detaile dcontrol of the GPIB.

ControlbyGPIB

NOTE: Th eSRQ bit is latch e dunti lthe con troll e rread s the STatus Byte Register(STB). Th eaction of reading the ST B with the command

*STB?

clears the r egiste rcon te nts ex cept th eMAV bit (bit 4) until a n eweven t occurs. Service requesting can be disabled by clearin g the SRE register w i ththe

MAKE SERVICE REQUESTS

When a W ave runner is used in a remote application, events often occur asynchronously, i.e., at times that are unpredictab lefor the host computer.The most common ex a m p leof this is a trigge r w a it after the oscilloscop e is armed: the controller must wait until the acquisition is finished before it can read the acquired wa veform. The simplest way of checking if a certain event has occurred is by either continuously or periodically reading the status bit associa te d with it until the required transition is detected. Continuous status bit pollingis described in more detail below. For a complete explanation of status bits refer to Chapter 5.

Perhaps a more efficient wa y of detecting events occurring in the oscilloscope is the use of the Service Reque st (SRQ). This GPIB interrupt line can be use dto interrupt program ex ecution in the controller. The controller can thenex e c u te other program s w h ilew a iting for the oscilloscope. Unfortuna te ly, not all interface manufacturers support theprogrammingof interrupt service routines. In par ticular, NationalInstruments supports only the SRQ bit within the ISTA% status word. This requires you to continuously or periodically

LTXXX-RCM-E RevB ISSUED: January 2002 19

*SRE 0 command.

P ART O NE: ABOUT REMOTE CONTROL

check this word, either explicitly or with the function call IBWAIT. In the absence of real interrupt service routines the use of SRQ may not be very advantageous.

In the default state, after pow er-on, the Service ReQuest is disabled. You enable SRQ by setting the Service Request E nable register with the command “*SRE ” and by specifying which event should generate an SRQ. Wa verunner will interrupt the controller as soon as the selected event(s) occur by asserting the SRQ interface line. If several devices are connected to the GPIB, you may be required to identify which oscilloscope cause d the interrupt by serial pollingthe various device s .

Example:To assert SRQ in response to the events “new signal acquired” or “return-to-local” (pressing the soft key/ menu button for GO TO L OCAL).T hese events are tracked by the INR register, which is ref lected in the SRE register as the INB summary bit in position 0. Since bit position 0 has the value 1, the command *SRE 1 enables the generation of SRQ whe never the IN B summary bit is set.

In addition, the events of the INR register that may be summarized in the INB bit must be specified. The event “new signal acquired” corresponds to INE bit 0 (value 1) while the event “return-to-local” is assigned to INE bit 2 (value 4). The total sum is 1 + 4 = 5. Thus the command INE 5 is needed:

CMD$=“INE 5;*SRE 1” CALL IBWRT(SCOPE%,CMD$)

Example:To assert SRQ whe n soft key4 (fourth menu button from top of screen) is pressed. The event “soft key4 pressed” is tracked by the URR register. Since the URR register is not directly reflected in STB but only in the ESR register (URR, bit position 6), the E SE enable register must be set first with the command *ESE 64 to allow the URQ setting to be reported in STB. An SRQ request will now be generated provided that the ESB summary bit (bit position 5) in the SRE enable register is set (*SRE 32):

CMD$=“*ESE 64;*SRE 32” CALL IBWRT(SCOPE%,CMD$)

NNOOTTEE:

: The term “soft-key,” used her e in refer en ce to r em ote oper ation s, is syno n y m o us with “men u button ,” used in the accom p anyin g Oper ato r’s Manual to meanfront panel operation s. Both term s refer to the column of seven buttons running parallel to the screen on the Waverunner front panel and th emenu fun ctions th e ycontro l .

20 ISSUED: January 2002 L TXXX-RCM-E Rev B

C HAPTER T WO:

ControlbyGPIB

Take Instrumen t Polls

Youcan regularlymonitor state transitions withintheoscilloscopebypolling selected internal status registers. Thereare four ba sic pollingmethods you can useto detec t the occurrence of a giv e nevent: continuou s , serial, pa rallel, an d *IST. By far the simplest of these is continuous polling. The others are appropriate only when interrupt-service routines (servicing the SRQ line) are supported, or multiple devices on GPIB require constant monitoring. To emphasize the differences betwe en the methods, described below, the same example (determining whether a new acquisition has taken place) is used in each case.

DO CONT IN UOUSPOLLIN G

A status register is continuouslymonitoreduntil a transition isobserved. This isthemost straightforward method for detecting state changes , but may not be practical in certain situations, especially with multiple device configurations.

In the followin gexample,the even t “newsigna l acqu ired ” is obse rved by continuouslypollin gthe INternal state change Register (INR) until the corresponding bit (in this case bit 0, i.e., value 1) is non-zero, indicating a new wavefor m has been acquired. Reading IN R clears this at the same time, so that there is no need for an additional clearing action after a non-zero value has been detected. The command CHDR OFF instructs the oscillosco p eto omit anycomma ndhea d e rs whe nresponding to a query , simplifying the decoding of the resp on se. The oscilloscop ew ill then sen d “1” instead of “INR 1”:

CMD$=“CHDR OFF” CALL IBWRT(SCOPE%,CMD$) MASK% = 1‘New Signal Bit has value 1’ LOOP% = 1 WHILE LOOP%

CMD$=“INR?” CALL IBWRT(SCOPE%,CMD$) CALL IBRD(SCOPE%,RD$) NEWSIG% = VAL(RD$) AND MASK% IF NEWSIG% = MASK% THEN LOOP% = 0

WEND

TAKE A SER IAL POLL

Serial pollin gtak es pla ceoncethe SRQ interrupt line has beenasse rted, and is only adv a n tag e o u s whe nyouare usingsev e ra l oscilloscope s at once. Thecontroller finds wh ichoscilloscop ehas gene rate d the interrup t by inspecting the SRQ bit in the STB register of each. Because the service request is based on an interrupt

LTXXX-RCM-E RevB ISSUED: January 2002 21

P ART O NE: ABOUT REMOTE CONTROL

mec h a n ism , seria l pollin goffers a reas on a b lecomp romisein terms of servicing spee din multiple -de vice configurations.

In thefollowingexample, thecommandINE 1 enables the event “new signal acquired” to be reported in the INR to theINB bit of thestatus byteSTB.Thecommand*SRE 1 enables the INB of the status byte to generate an SRQ wheneve r it is set. The function call IBWAIT instructs the computer to wa it until one of three conditions occurs: &H8000 in the mas k(MASK%) correspond s to a GPIB error, &H4000 to a timeou t error, and &H0800 to the detection of RQS (ReQue s t for Service) generated by the SRQ bit.

Whe never IBWAIT detects RQS it automa ticallype rforms a serial poll to find out w h ic h oscilloscop egen e ra ted the interrupt. It w ill onlyexit if there w as a timeou t or if the oscillosco p e(SCOPE%) generated SRQ. The additional function call IBRSP fetches the value of the status byte, which may be further interpreted. For this to wo rk properlythe valueof “Disable Auto Serial Polling ” must be set to “off ” in the GPIB handler (use

IBCONF.EXE to check): CMD$=“*CLS; INE 1; *SRE 1” CALL IBWRT(SCOPE%,CMD$) MASK% = &HC800 CALL IBWAIT(SCOPE%,MASK%) IF (IBSTA% AND &HC000) <> 0 THEN PRINT “GPIB or Timeout Error” : STOP CALL IBRSP(SCOPE%,SPR%) PRINT “Status Byte =.”, SPR%

Board-le vel function calls can dea l simu ltaneously with seve ra l oscilloscopes attache d to thesameinterface board. Refer to theNational Instruments manual.

NOTE: After the serial po ll is comp leted, the RQS bit in the STB status register is cleared. N ote that the otherSTB registerbits rem ainset until theyare cleared by mean s of a “* CL S” comm and or the oscilloscopeis reset. If these bits are no t cleared, theycann o t gener ate anoth erinterrup t.

DO A PARALLEL POLL

Like serial polling , this is onlyuse ful w ith several oscilloscopes. Thecontroller simultane ously rea d s the Individua l STatus bit (IST) of all oscilloscopes to determine whic h one need s service. This method allow s up to eight different oscilloscop e s to be polled at the sametime .

When a parallel poll is initiated, each oscilloscope returns a status bit over one of the DIO data lines. Devices ma yrespo ndeither individ u a lly, usinga sep a rateDIO line , or collectively on a singledata line . Data-line assignments are made by the controller using a Parallel Poll Configure (PPC) sequence.

In thefollowingexample, thecommandINE 1 enables the event “new signal acquired” in the INR to be reported to the INB bit of the status byte STB. The PaRallel poll Enable register (PRE ) determines which events w ill be summarized in the IST status bit. The command *PRE 1 ena bles the INB bit to set the IST bit

22 ISSUED: January 2002 L TXXX-RCM-E Rev B

C HAPTER T WO:

w h e n ever it is itself set. Once pa rallel pollin ghas be e nestablish e d , the pa rallel-poll status is exam in e duntil a change on data bus line DI02 takes place.

Stage 1

1. Enablethe INE and PRE reg isters

2. Configure the controller for parallel poll

3. Instruct Wa verunner to respond on data line 2 (DI02) with these commands:

CMD1$=“?_@$” CALL IBCMD(BRD0%,CMD1$) CMD$=“INE 1;*PRE 1” CALL IBWRT(BRD0%,CMD$) CMD4$=CHR$(&H5)+CHR$(&H69)+“?” CALL IBCMD(BRD0%,CMD4$)

Stage 2

4. Parallel po ll the oscilloscope until DI02 is set with thesecomma n d s:

LOOP% = 1 WHILE LOOP%

ControlbyGPIB

CALL IBRPP(BRD0%,PPR%) IF (PPR% AND &H2) = 2 THEN LOOP% = 0

WEND

Stage 3

5. Disable parallel polling(hex 15) andclea r theparallel poll reg iste r with these comman d s:

CMD5$=CHR$(&H15) CALL IBCMD(BRD0%,CMD5$) CALL IBCMD(BRD0%,CMD1$) CMD$=“*PRE 0”CALL IBWRT(BRD0%,CMD$):

In the above example, board-level GPIB function calls are used. It is assumed that the controller (board) and Wa verunner (device) are respectively located at addresses 0 and 4.

LTXXX-RCM-E RevB ISSUED: January 2002 23

P ART O NE: ABOUT REMOTE CONTROL

The listener and talker addresses for the controller and Waverunner are:

L OGIC DEVICE LISTEN ER ADDR ESS TAL KER ADDR ESS

External Controller 32 ASCII<space>) 64(ASCII @ )

W averunne r 32+4= 36 (ASCII $) 64+4=68 (ASCII D)

PERFOR M AN *IST PO LL

Yo ucan also read the state of the Individua l STatus bit (IST) returnedin parallel pollin gby sendin gthe *IST? query. To enable this poll mode, you must intialize Waverunner as for parallel polling by writing into thePR E register.Since*IST emulates parallel polling, apply this method whe rever parallel polling is not supported by the controller. In the following example, the command INE 1 enables the event “new signal acquired” in the INR to be reported to the INB bit of the status byte STB. The command *PRE 1 enables the INB bit to set the IST bit wheneve r it is set. The command CHDR OFF suppresses the command header in the oscilloscop e’s respons e ,simplifying the interpretation. The status of the IST bit is then continuou sly monitoreduntil set bythe oscilloscop e:

CMD$=“CHDR OFF; INE 1; *PRE 1” CALL IBWRT(SCOPE%,CMD$) LOOP% = 1 WHILE LOOP%

CMD$=“*IST?”

CALL IBWRT(SCOPE%,CMD$)

CALL IBRD(SCOPE%,RD$)

IF VAL(RD$) = 1 THEN LOOP% = 0 WEND

N OT E : T he characters “?” and “_” appearing in the command strings stand for unlisten and untalk r e spectiv e l y. The yar eused to set thedevi ce s to a “known” state. To shortenthesize of th epr ogr am ex am p l es, device talking and listen in g initialization instructions ha v e beengro up ed into char acter chains. T hey are:

CMD1$ = “?_@$” Unlisten, Untalk, PC talker, DSO listener.

Theremotemessagecodeforexecutingaparallelresponseinbinaryformis01101PPP,wherePPP specifies the data line. Because data line 2 is selected, the identification code is 001, which results in the code 011 01 001(binary) or &H 69 (hex). See Table 38 of the IE E E 488-1978 Standard forfurtherdetails.

24 ISSUED: January 2002 L TXXX-RCM-E Rev B

C HAPTER T WO:

ControlbyGPIB

Dr iveHard-cop yDev ices onth e GPIB

Yo ucan interface yo u r Waverunne r oscillosc op e with a w id erangeof hard-copydevic e s, suc h as printers and plotters, and copy the screen contents to them. L ist the devices supported using the command HARDCOPY_SETUP.

With a hard-copy device connected to the GPIB, you can use either of two basic configurations. When only Wa verunner and a hardcopy device such as a printer are connected, you must configure the oscilloscopeas talker-only, and the hardcopy device as listener-only, to ensure proper data transfer. However, when an external controller is connected to the GPIB, you must use this controller to supervise the data transfers. You can then use a variety of schemes to transfer Waverunner screen contents.

Configure W ave runner as talker-only w ith its front panel controls. The hardcopy device manufacturer usually spe c ifies an addres s that forces the oscilloscop einto listeningmode, an d youcan select this as w ell as the other nece ssa ry settings using the same menus . See Chapter 6, “Document Your Work” of t he Opera tor’ s Manual.

Use the following schemes for driving hard copy devices by remote control using GPIB.

READDATA BY CONTROLLER

The controller reads the data into internal memory , then sends them to the printer. You can arrange this with simp lehigh-le v e l GPIB function calls.The controller stores the full set of printer instructions and afterw a rds sends them to the graphics device. This method is the most straightforwa rd w ayto transfer screen contents, but requires a large amount of buffer storage:

CMD$ = “SCDP” CALL IBWRT(SCOPE%,CMD$) FILE$=“PRINT.DAT” CALL IBRDF(SCOPE%,FILE$) CALL IBWRTF(PRINTER%,FILE$)

SEN D DATA TO BOTH

Wa verunner sends data to both controller and printer. The oscilloscope puts the printer instructions onto the bus. The data is directly put out and saved in scratch memory in the controller. The contents of the scratch file can be deleted later:

Stage 1: Controller talker, W averunner listener.

1. Issue the scree n dump command

CMD1$=“? @$”: CALL IBCMD(BRD0%,CMD1$) CMD$=“SCDP”: CALL IBWRT(BRD0%,CMD$)

LTXXX-RCM-E RevB ISSUED: January 2002 25

P ART O NE: ABOUT REMOTE CONTROL

Stage 2 : Waverunner talker, controller and printer listeners.

2. Print data w h ilestoring data in scratch file SCRATCH.DAT with the comma nd s

CMD2$=“? D%”: CALL IBCMD(BRD0%,CM D2$) FILE$=“SCRATCH.DAT”: CALL IBRDF(BRD0%,FILE$)

TALK DIR ECTLY TO PRI NTER

a. The controller goes into a standby state. b. Waverunner becomes a talker and sends data directly to the printer. c. The controller goes into standby and resumes GPIB operations once the data have been printed, i.e., when

an EOI is detected:

Stage 1: Controller talker, W averunner listener.

1. Issue the screen dump command

CMD1$=“?_@$”: CALL IBCMD(BRD0%,CMD1$) CMD$=“SCDP”: CALL IBWRT(BRD0%,CMD$)

Stage 2 : Waverunnertalker,printerorplotterlistener.

2. Put controller in standby:

CMD2$=“?_D%”: CALL IBCMD(BRD0%,CMD2$) V%=1: CALL IBGTS(BRD0%,V%):

In the second and third schemes presented above, board-level GPIB function calls are used. It is assumed that the controller (board), Wa verunner and the printer are respectively located at addresses 0, 4, and 5.

The listener and talker addresses for the controller, Wa verunner, and printer are as follows:

L OGIC DEVICE L ISTE NE R ADDRE SS TAL KER ADDR ESS

Controller 32 (ASCII< space >) 64 (ASCII @ )

W averunne r 32+4=36 (ASCII $) 64+4= 68 (ASCII D)

Printer 32+5=37 (ASCII %) 64+5=69 (ASCII E)

The characters “?” and “_” appea ring in the command strings stand for unlisten and untalk respectively . They are used to set the devices to a “ known” state.

26 ISSUED: January 2002 L TXXX-RCM-E Rev B

C HAPTER T WO:

To shorten the size of the program examples, device talking and listening initialization instructions have been grouped into character chains. They are:

CMD1$ = “?_@$” Unlisten, Untalk , Controller talke r, Waverunn e r listene r CMD2$ = “?_ D” Unlisten, Untalk , Controller listene r, Waverunn e r talke r

ControlbyGPIB

LTXXX-RCM-E RevB ISSUED: January 2002 27

C HAPTER T HREE:

In thi s chap te r, see how

To control Waverunner by RS-232-C To simulate GPIB messages using RS-232-C

Control by RS232

28 ISSUED: January 2002 L TXXX-RCM-E Rev B

C HAPTER T HREE

ControlbyRS232

Com m un icate th r oughth e RS-232-C Port

Yo u r Waverunne r oscilloscope can also be controlled remo telythrough the RS-232-C port, w h ic h supp o rts the transfer of all commands for its operation. Nevertheless, RS-232 w ave form transfer is only possible in HEX mode, using the default value for COMM_FORMAT, and with the syntax of the response to WF? identical to that f or GPIB.

RS-232-C connector pin assignments for connecting W ave runner to an external controller are given in Chapter 12, “U se Waverunner with PC ” of the W averunner Operator’s M anual.

The RS-232-C port is full-duplex configured.This means that both sides — W a v erunne r oscilloscope and external controller — can send and receive messages at the same time. Howe ver, the oscilloscope stops outputting w hen it receives a new command.

Yo u should transmit long mess ag es to the oscilloscopewh ileit is in a trigger mode , and not wh ilean acquisition is in progress. This is especially important when sending wave forms or front panel setups.

Characters that cannot be printed in ASCII are here represented by their mnemonics. For example: <L F> ASCII line feed character whose decimal value is 10. <BS> ASCII backspace character whose decimal value is 8. CTRL_U The control key and the U key are pressed simultaneously . Set RS-232-C beh avior acco rdingto your ne e d s .In addition to the basic setup on the front pane l menu , there

are “immediate commands,” as well as the special command COMM_RS232 for this. Immediate commands consist of the ASCII E SCape character < E SC> (w hose decimal value is 27), followe d by another character. These commands are interpreted as soon as the second character has been received.

You can have the serial port echo the received characters. This is useful when the oscilloscope is connected to a terminal. Echoing can be turned on or off by sending the tw o-character sequence < ESC> ] or < ESC> [. Echoingis on by defau lt, but the host must not ech ochara cters rece iv ed from the oscillos cope.

HAN DSHAKE CONTROL

When the oscilloscope intake buffer becomes nearly full, the instrument sends a handshake signal to the host tellingit to stop transmitting. Whenthis buffer has enough room to rece iv emore characters,anothe r handshake signal is sent. These signals are either the CTRL-S (or < XOFF>) andCTRL-Q (< XON > ) characters, or a signal level on the RTS line. They are selected by sending the two-character sequence < ESC> ) for XON/ XOFF handshake (the default), or <ESC> for the RTS handshake.

You can control the flow of characters coming from the oscilloscope by either a signal level on the CTS line or the<XON >/<XOFF> pair of characters.

LTXXX-RCM-E RevB ISSUED: January 2002 29

P ART O NE: ABOUT REMOTE CONTROL

NNOOTTEE:

: T he RS-232-C baud rate, parity, character length, and number of stop bits are among the parameters saved or recalled by the front panel SAVE or RE CAL L buttons, and by the remote commands

*SAV,*RCL

,or

PANEL_SETUP

. When recalling by remote, ensure that these parameters areset at th e samevalue on both con trolleran d oscill o sco p e. Otherwise, the ho st maynolongerbe abl eto com mun ica te withth eoscill oscop eanda m anual reco nfigurationwouldbe nece ss ary.

E DIT ING F EATU RES

When the oscilloscope is directly connected to a terminal, the following will make correction of typing errors easier:

<BS> or <DELETE> Delete the last character. CTRL_U Delete the last line.

MESSAGE TE RMINATORS

Message terminators are markers that indicate to the receiver that a message has been completed. The Program Message Terminator is a character you could select whe n you input to the oscilloscope. Choose a character never used for anything else, using the command COMM_RS232 and the keyword EI. The default Program Message Terminator is the ASCII character <CR> , whose decimal value is 13.

The oscilloscope appends a Response Message Terminator to the end of each of its responses. This is a string, similar to a computer prompt, which you also choose. This string must not be empty. The default Response Messa geTerminator is \n\r,whichisthesameas<LF><CR>.

Example: COMM_RS232 EI,3

This comma n d informs the oscilloscope that eachmessage it rece iv e s will be terminatedwith the ASCII character <E TX> , whose decimal value is 3.

Example: COMM_RS232 EO,”\r\nEND\r\n”

This command indicates to the oscilloscope that it must appe nd the string “\r\nEND\r\n” to each response. After you make these settings, a host command will look like this:

TDIV?<ETX>

And the oscilloscopewill resp o n d with:

TDIV 1.S END

30 ISSUED: January 2002 L TXXX-RCM-E Rev B

C HAPTER T HREE:

AfteritsendsaCOMM_RS232command,thehostmustwaitfortheoscilloscopetochangeits

TTIIPP:

Control by RS232

beha vio rbefor e it can send a com m an d in the new mode. E nsur e this by includin g a query onthe line that con tains the

COMM_RS232

comm an d (forexam ple,

COMM_RS232 EI,3;*STB?

) and w aitin g

un til the re sp o nse is receiv ed .

SRQ MESSAGE

Eachtime theMaster Summary Status (MSS)bit of theSTatus Byte(STB)is set, theSRQ message(astring of cha ra cters)is sent to the host to indicate that the oscilloscoperequ ests service. The RS-232-C SRQ messa g e has the same meaning as the GPIB SRQ message. If the string is empty , no message will be sent. This is the default setting . Note that no response message terminator is added at the end of the SRQ message.

Example: COMM_RS232 SRQ, “\r\n\nSRQ\r\n\a” Whe n the MSS bit is set, the oscilloscop ew ill sen d a <CR> followed bytwo < LF>SRQ, and a < CR> followed

by a <L F>. The buzzer will sound.

LONG LINE SPLITTING

Line splitting is a feature provided for hosts that cannot accept lines w ith more than a certain number of cha rac ters.The oscilloscope maybe configu redto split respon se s into manylines. This fea ture is ve ry useful for wa veform or front panel setup transfers although it is applicable to all response messages. Two parameters control this feature:

Line Separator:Off

- messages will not be split into lines.

- possible line terminators. Line L ength:the maximum number of characters to a line. Example: COMM_RS232 LS,LF,LL,40 The line separator is the ASCII character < L F>, the line is a maximum of 40 characters long (excluding the

line separator). If the oscilloscope receives the command PNSU?, it may answe r with:

PNSU#9000001496 AAAA5555000655AA403000580019000000000001 000000000000000000000000000C1B0100580000 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000 ...

LTXXX-RCM-E RevB ISSUED: January 2002 31

P ART O NE: ABOUT REMOTE CONTROL

RE MARKS

Long comma n d s sent to the oscilloscopemaynot be split into lines . If a comma ndsent to the oscilloscop eis the resp on seto a previousque ry, the line-split charac ters (<LF>, <CR>) must be remov e d . This also app lies to line -split chara cters insidestrings sent to the oscillosco p e.

How ever, hex -ASCII data sent to theoscilloscop ema ycontain line -sp lit characters . If youw ish to use line splitting, ensure that neither the input message terminator characters nor the line-split characters occur in the data.

32 ISSUED: January 2002 L TXXX-RCM-E Rev B

C HAPTER T HREE:

Control by RS232

Sim ulate GPIB Messages

Use these RS-232-C command s to simula te GPIB 488.1 me ssa g es:

RS232 COMMAN D GPIB M E SSAGE EFFE CT AND E QUI VALE N CE

<ESC>C or < E SC> c Device Clear (DCL ) Clears the input and output buffers. This command

has the same meaning as the GPIB DCL or SDC interface message s .

<E SC> R or < ESC>r Remo te E nable(RE N) Place s the oscilloscop ein remo te mode .This

command’s function is the same as the GPIB command asserting the REN line and setting the oscillosc op eto listener.

<E SC> L or <ESC>l Go to L ocal (GTL) Place sthe oscilloscop ein local mode. Thecomman d

clears local locko ut (seebelow). It has the same function as GPIB’s setting the REN line to false.

<ESC>F or <ESC>f L ocal L ockout (LLO) Disables the front panel “ L OCAL” button

imme d ia telyif the oscilloscopeis alrea dyin remote modeor, if not, wh e nthe oscilloscop eis next set to remote. This Local L ockout (see Chapter 2, “Cont r ol by GPI B” ) can be cance lle donly with the <ESC>L command. < ESC>F has the same meaning as GPIB’s LLO interfacemessage.

<ESC>T or <ESC>t GroupExecute Trigger

(GE T)

LTXXX-RCM-E RevB ISSUED: January 2002 33

Re-arms the oscilloscopew hileit is in the STOP mode , but only while the oscilloscope is in remote mode. This command has the same meaning as the *TRG command and GPIB’s GET interface message.

C HAPTER F OUR:

In thi s chap te r, see how

Tolea rnhowwavefo rmsare structured To inspect w av efo rmconten ts To tran sf erw aveforms rapidly

Un der stan d and Manage Wavef or m s

34 ISSUED: January 2002 L TXXX-RCM-E Rev B

C HAPTER F OUR

Und erstan d andMan age Wav ef o r ms

Kn owYo urWaveform

A wave form can be said to have tw o main parts. The first is its basic data array: rawdata values from the oscillosco p e’s ADCs (Analog-to-Digital Conve rters) obtaine d in the wa v e form’s cap ture . Thesecondis the description that accompanies this rawdata: the vertical and horizontal scale or time of day , for examp le, necessary for a full understanding of the information contained in the waveform.

You can access this information by remote control using the INSPECT? query (seepage36), which interprets it in an easily understood ASCII text form. And you can rapidly transfer the information using the WAVEFORM? que ry (seepag e37). Or w rite it bac kinto the oscilloscopew ith the WAVEFORM command (pag e

42). Yo u r Waverunne r oscilloscope contains a data structure, or template (se eAppendix II), whichprovide s a

de taile ddescrip tion of howwaveform information is organize d . Althoug ha sampletemp la te is provided with this manual, we suggest you use the TEMPLATE? query to access the Waverunner template in the oscilloscope itself (the template may change as your oscilloscope’s firmware is enhanced).

You can also store wave forms in preformatted ASCII output, for popular spreadsheet and math processing packa ges , using the STORE and STORE _SE TUP commands. Also see Chapter 12, “U se Waver unner with P C ,” of the Operat or’s M anual.

LOGICAL DATA BLOCKS

Each of your wave forms w ill normally contain at least a w ave form descriptor and data array block. Howeve r, other blocks may also be present in more complex wave forms.

Waveform Descriptor block (WAVE DE SC): This include s all the information neces sa ry to recon stitute the display of the wave form from the data, including: hardw are settings at the time of acquisition, the exact time of the event, kinds of processing performed, your oscilloscope name and serial number, the encoding format used for the data blocks, and miscellaneous constants.

Option al User-pro v ided Text block (USE RT E XT): UsetheWFTX commandto put atitleor descriptionof a wa veform into this block, and the WFTX? queryforanalternativewaytoreadit.Thistextblockcanholdup to 160 characters. Display them as four lines of 40 characters by selecting “Text & Times”fromthestatus menu, using Waverunner front panel controls (see the Operat or’s M anual).

Sequence Acquisitio nTimesblock(TRIGTIME): This is needed for sequence acquisitions to record the exact timing information for each segment. It contains the time of each trigger relative to the trigger of the first segment,as well asthetime of thefirst data point of eachsegment relativeto its trigger.

Randominterleav ed samplin g times block (RISTIME ): This is required for RIS acquisitions to record the exact timing information for each segment.

LTXXX-RCM-E RevB ISSUED: January 2002 35

P ART O NE: ABOUT REMOTE CONTROL

First data arrayblo ck (SIMPL E orDATA_ARRAY_1 ): This is the basic intege r data of the w aveform. It

can be raw or corrected ADC data or the integer result of w ave form processing. Secon ddataarray block(DATA_ARRAY_2 ): This is a second data array , needed to hold the results of

processing functions such as E xtrema or FFT math functions:

E XT R E M A FFT

N OT E : T he Waverunner template also describes an arr aynamed DUAL.

DATA_ARRAY_1 Roof trace Real part

DATA_ARRAY_2 Floor trace Imaginary part

Butthisissimplyawaytoallowthe

INSPECT?

command to examine the

tw odata arrays together.

IN SPECT WAVE F ORM CON TENTS

UsetheINSPECT? query to examine the contents of your w ave form. You can use it on both of the main waveformparts. Its most basic formis: INSPECT? “name”, the template giving you the name of a descriptor item or data block. The answer is returned as a single string, but may cover many lines. Some typical dialogue follows:

Question C1:INSPECT? “VERTICAL_OFFSET” Response C1:INSP “VERTICAL_OFFSET: 1.5625e−03”

Question C1:INSPECT? “TRIGGER_TIME” Response C1:INSP “TRIGGER_TIME: Date = FEB 17, 1994, Time = 4: 4:29.5580” You can also use INSPECT? to provide a readable translation of the full w ave form descriptor block using

INSPECT? “WAVEDESC”. Again , the temp latewill give youthe details for interpretation of ea c hof the parameters. Use, too, INSPECT? “SIMPLE” to examine the measured data values of a waveform. For an acquisition with52 points, for example:

INSPECT? “SIMPLE” C1:INSP “

0.0005225 0.0006475

0.0001475

−0.000915 −0.001 79 −0.0002275

−0.00179 −0.0002275

0.0002725 0.0007725 0.00071

0.0005225 0.00046

0.001335

−0.000665 −0.001 665 −0.0001025

−0.000915 8.50001E−0

“

−0.0013525 −0.00204 −4E−05

−0.0009775 −0.001915 −0.000165

−0.00029 −0.000915 2.25 001E−0

0.00071 0.00096

−0.00104 −0.00154

0.000835 0.00 05225

0.0011475 0.00114 75

0.0011475 0.00108 5

−0.0003525 −0.00104

−0.0003525 −0.00129 −0.0002275

0.0005225 0.00127 25

0.0012725 0.00096

0.0010225 0.00096

0.000835

−0.00079

−0.0003525

36 ISSUED: January 2002 L TXXX-RCM-E Rev B

C HAPTER F OUR:

The numbers in the table above are the fully converted measurements in volts. When the data block contains thousands of items the string will contain a great many lines.

Depending on the app lication, you may prefer the data in its raw form, with either a BYTE (8 bits) or a WORD (16 bits) for each data value. In that case, use the relations INSPECT? “SIMPLE”,BYTE wit h WAVEFORM?. The examination of data values for waveforms with two data arrays can be performed as follow s:

INSPECT? “DUAL” to get pairs of data values on a single line INSPECT? “DATA_ARRAY_1” to get the values of the first data array INSPECT? “DATA_ARRAY_2” to get the values of the second data array. INSPECT? has its limitations; it is useful, but also wordy. As a query only, INSPECT? cannot be used to send

a wa veform back to the oscilloscope . If you want to do this and you want the information quickly, you should instead use WAVEFORM.WithWAVEFORM_SETUP it is possible to examine just a part of the wave form or a sparsed form of it. See the following pages.

If you’re a BASIC user you might also find it convenient to use INSPECT? and WAVEFORM? together to construct files containing a version of the w ave form descriptor that both you and BASIC can read. Using a stored w ave form, this can be done in a format suitable for retransfer to Wa verunner with MC:INSPECT? “WAVEDESC”;WAVEFORM?, and then placin gthe resp o ns edirectly into a disk file.

USE TH E WAVE FORM QUERY

Under stan d and Manage Waveform s

UsetheWAVEFORM? que ry to transfer waveform data in blockformats defined by the IEE E-488.2 standa rd. You can then download the response back to your Wave runner by using the WAVEFORM command. All your waveform’s logic al blocks canbereadwith the query C1:WAVEFORM? Comple ten e ss, as well as time and space are the advantages of this approach w hen you have to read many waveforms with the same acquisition conditions, or when you are interested only in large amounts of raw integer data. Moreover, you can choose anysingleblockforreadingwithaquerysuchasC1:WAVEFORM? DAT1. See Part Tw o for the various block names.

You can place the binary response to a query of the form C1:WAVEFORM? or C1:WAVEFORM? ALL in a disk file, then dump it using the GPIB bus. Do this w ith default settings to show the hexadecimal andASCIIform,asonthefollowingpage.

LTXXX-RCM-E RevB ISSUED: January 2002 37

: A w av efo rmqueryrespo n se can easily be

NNOOTTEE:

a block containin g ov er1 6 million bytes if it is in binary format, and twice as much if the H E X option is used.

P ART O NE: ABOUT REMOTE CONTROL

BYT E OFFSET

N UMBER

112

128

107

144

123

160

139

176

155

192

171

208

187

224

203

240

219

256

235

272

251

288

267

304

283

320

299

336

315

352

331

367 368 384 400 416 432 448 464

1 17 33 49 65 81 97

BIN ARY CON TE NT S IN H E XADE CI MAL

43 31 3A 57 46 20 41 4C 4C 2C 23 39 30 30 30 30 30 30 34 35 30

57 41 56 45 44 45 53 43 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 4C 45 43 52 4F 59 5F 32 5F 32 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 01 00 00 00 00 01 5A 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 68 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 4C 45 43 52 4F 59 39 33 37 34 4C 00 00 00 00 00 37 84 09 40 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 34 00 00 00 34 00 00 00 32 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 33 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 01 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 01 00 00 00 01 00 00 00 00 34 83 12 6F 3A 0D 8E C9 46 FE 00 00 C7 00 00 00 00 08 00 01 32 2B CC 77 BE 6B A4 BB 51 A0 69 BB BE 6A D7 F2 A0 00 00 00 56 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 53 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 40 3B 00 00 00 00 00 00 17 0A 05 02 07 C8 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 01 00 0E 00 04 3F 80 00 00 00 0A 00 00 3F 80 00 00 3A 0D 8E C9 00 00

11 00 13 00 04 00 FA 00 09 00 16 00 0B 00 F3 00 E8 00 08 00 1B 00 1B 00 FA 00 EC 00 05 00 1B 00 1A 00 FC 00 EC 00 05 00 14 00 18 00 03 00 F8 00 0D 00 15 00 14 00 03 00 F4 00 05 00 11 00 10 00 F8 00 F0 00 11 00 1D 00 1E 00 F9 00 EA 00 06 00 1D 00 18 00 FE 00 EE 00 07 00 19 00 18 00 03 00 FA 00 0A 00 16 00 11 00

ASCII T RANSLATION

(.... = UN INT ERE ST ING)

C1:WFALL,#90000 00450

WAVEDESC...

.....LECROY_2_2.

................

.LECROYLT344....

471

(Termina tor)

Above: T o illustrate the contents of the logical block s, the relevant parts have beenseparated. T o ma ke counting easier, the corresponding Byt e Offset numbering has been restarted each time a new block begins. T he A SC II t ranslation, only part of which is shown, has been similarly split and highlighted, showing how its parts correspond to the binary con tents.

38 ISSUED: January 2002 L TXXX-RCM-E Rev B

C HAPTER F OUR:

Under stan d and Manage Waveform s

On thefacing page... The first 10 by tes transla te into ASCII and resem b lethe simple beg inn ingof a query

response. These are followed by the string #9000000450, the beginning of a binary block in which nine ASCII integers are used to give the length of the block (450 bytes). The wa veform itself starts immediately after this, at Byte 21. The very first byte is 0, as it is for the first by te in each block.

The first object is a DE SCRIPTOR_NAME, a string of 16 characters with the value WAVEDESC. Then, 16 bytes after the beginning of the descriptor, at Byte 37, w e find the beginning of the next string: the

TE MPLATE_NAME with the valu eLECROY_2_2. Several other parameters follow. TheINSTRUMENT_NAME, LECROYLT344, 76 bytes from the descriptor

start (Byte 97), is easilyrecogn izable. On the preced in gline,38 bytes after the de scrip tor (Byte 59), a four

-byte

integer gives the leng th of the descriptor: WA VE_DESCRIPTOR = 00 00 01 5A (he x )= 346. At 60 bytes from the descriptor start (Byte 81) we find another four

-byteinteger givingthelengthof thedata

array : WA VE_ARRAY_1 = 00 00 00 68 (he x )= 104. And at 116 bytes after the descriptor (Byte 137), yet another four-byte integer gives the number of data points:

W AVE_ARRAY_COUNT = 00 0000 34 (hex )= 52. Noww ekno wthat the data will start at 346 by tes from the des crip tor’s be g inn in g(Byte 367), and that eachof

the 52 data points will be repres e n tedby tw o bytes. The waveform has a total length of 346 + 104, w hic his the same as the ASCII string indicated at the beginning of the block. The final 0A at Byte 471 is the NL character associa ted with the GPIB messageterminator <NL > < E OI>.

As the example was tak e nusing an oscilloscop ew ith an eight-bit ADC, weseethe eigh t bits follow e dby a 0 byte for each data point. Howe ver, for many other kinds of wa veform this second byte will not be zero and w ill contain significant information. The data is coded in signed form (two’s complement) with values ranging from

−32768 = 8000 (hex) to 32767 = 7FFF (he x ). If wehadchosen to use the BYTE option for the data format, thevalues would havebeen signed integers in therange −128 = 80 (h e x )to 127 = 7F (hex ) . The ADC valu e s

aremappedtothedisplaygridinthefollowingway:

0 is located on the grid’s center axis 127 (BYTE format) or 32767 (WORD format) is locatedat the top of the grid

−128 (BYTE format) or −32768 (WORD format) is located at the bottom of the grid.

IN T ERPRET VERT ICAL DATA

Knowing now how to decipher the data, you may wish to convert it to the appropriate measured values. The vertical reading for each data point depends on the vertical gain and the vertical offset given in the descriptor. For acquisition w aveforms, this corresponds to the volts/div and voltage offset selected after conversion for thedata representationbeingused.Thetemplatetellsus that thevertical gain and offset can befoundat Bytes 156 and 160 and that they are stored as floating point numbers in the IE E E 32

-bit format. An ASCII string

givin gthe vertical unit is to be foun din VE RTUNIT, Byte 196. Thevertical valueis given bythe relationsh ip : value = VER TICAL _GAIN × data − VERT ICAL _OFFSET,where:

LTXXX-RCM-E RevB ISSUED: January 2002 39

P ART O NE: ABOUT REMOTE CONTROL

VERTICAL_GAIN 2.44141e−07 from the floa ting point number 3483 126f at Byte 177 VERTICAL_OFFSET 0.00054 from the floating point numbe r 3A0D 8EC9 at Byte 181 VE RTI CAL_UNIT V = volts from the string 5600 ... at Byte 217

Therefore: sincedata[4] = FA00 = 64000 from the hexadecima l wo rd FA00 at by te371. Overflow s

the max im u m . 16 bit valueof 32767, so must be a nega tivevalu e. Using the two ’s comp lement conversion 64000−2

value[4] = −0.000915 V as stated in the inspec t comman d . If the computer or the software available is not able to understand the IEE E floating point values, use the

descriptioninthetemplate. The data values in a waveform may not all correspond to measured points. FIRST_VAL ID_PNT and

LAST_VAL ID_PNT give the necessary information. The descriptor also records the SPARSING_FACTOR, the FIRST_POIN T, and the SE GMENT_INDEX to aid interpretation if the options of the WAVEFORM_SETUP command have been used.

For sequence acquisitions the data values for each segment are given in their normal order and the segments are read out one after the other. The important descriptor parameters are the WAVE _ARRAY_COUNT and the SUBARRAY_COUNT, giving the total number of points and the number of segments.

= −1536

For waveforms such as the extrema and the complex FFT there w ill be tw o arrays — one after the other — for thetwo of theresult.

CAL CULATE A DATA POINT ’S HORIZ ONTAL POSITION

Each vertical data value has a corresponding horizontal position, usually measured in time or frequencyunits. The calculation of this position depends on the type of wa veform. Each data value has a position, i, in the original waveform, with i = 0 corresponding to the first data point acquired. The descriptor parameter HORUN IT gives a string with the name of the horizontal unit.

Single Sweepwaveforms:x[i] = HORIZ_INTE RVAL × i+ HORIZ_OFFSE T.For acquisitionwaveforms this time is from the trigger to the data point in question. It will be different from acquisition to acquisition since the HORIZ_OFFSET is measured for each trigger. In the case of the data shown above this means:

HORIZ_INTERVAL = 1e−08 from the floating point number 322b cc77 at Byte 194 HORIZ_OFFSET = −5.149e−08 from the double precision floating point number be6b a4bb

51a0 69bb at Byte 198

HORUN IT = S = seconds from the string 5300 ... at Byte 262 Thisgives: x[0] = −5.149e−08 S

x[1] = −4.149e−08 S.

40 ISSUED: January 2002 L TXXX-RCM-E Rev B

C HAPTER F OUR:

Under stan d and Manage Waveform s

Sequence wav efo rm s: are really many independe nt acquisitions, so each segment will have its ow n horizontal

offset. These can be found in the TRIGTIME array . Forthen’th segment:

x[i,n] = HORIZ_IN TERVAL × i + TRIGGE R _OFFSET[n].

The TRIGTIME array can contain up to 200 segments of timing information with tw o eight-byte double prec isio n floating point numbers for each segm e n t.

RIS (RandomInterleav ed Samplin g) wav eform s:arecomposedof manyacquisitionsinterleaved together. The descriptor parameter, RIS_SWE EPS gives the number of acquisitions. The i’th point will belong to the m’th segment w here:

m = i modulo (RIS_SWE EPS) w ill have a value betwee n 0 and RIS_SWE E PS −1.

Thenwith: j = i − m

x[i] = x[j,m] = HORIZ_INTERVAL × j + R IS_OFFSET[m],

whe re the RIS_OFFSETs can be found in the RISTIME array . There can be up to 100 eight

-byte double

prec isio n floating point numbers in this block. The instrumen t tries to get seg ments with times such that: RIS_OFFSET[i] ≅ PIXE L _OFFSE T + (i − 0.5) × HORIZ_INTERVAL.

Thus,takingas an example aRIS with RIS_SWEEPS = 10, HORIZ_INTE RVAL = 1 ns,and PIXE L _OFFSE T = 0.0, we might find for a particular event that:

RIS_OFFSET[0] = −0.5 ns RIS_OFFSET[1] = 0.4 ns RIS_OFFSET[2] = 1.6 ns RIS_OFFSET[3] = 2.6 ns RIS_OFFSET[4] = 3.4 ns RIS_OFFSET[5] = 4.5 ns RIS_OFFSET[6] = 5.6 ns RIS_OFFSET[7] = 6.4 ns RIS_OFFSET[8] = 7.6 ns RIS_OFFSET[9] = 8.5 ns

a nd therefore:

x[0] = RIS_OFFSET[0] = −0.5 ns x[1] = RIS_OFFSET[1] = 0.4 ns

... x[9] = RIS_OFFSET[9] = 8.5 ns

x[10] = 1 ns × 10 + (−0.5)= 9.5 ns x[11] = 1 ns × 10 + 0.4 = 10.4 ns

... x[19] = 1 ns ´ 10 + 8.5 = 18.5 ns

x[20] = 1 ns ´ 20 + (−0.5)= 19.5 ns. ...

LTXXX-RCM-E RevB ISSUED: January 2002 41

P ART O NE: ABOUT REMOTE CONTROL

USE TH E WAVE FORM COMMAN D

Waveforms you read with the WAVEFORM? query (page 37) can be sen t backinto y o u r Waverunne r oscilloscope using WAVEFORM and related commands. Since the descriptor contains all of the necessary information, you need not be concerned with any of the communication format parameters. The oscilloscop ew ill learn all it needs to knowfrom the wavef or m.

To ensure that the descriptor is coherent, however, when you synthesize waveforms for display or comparison read out a w ave form of the appropriate size and then replace the data with the desired values.

Here are among the many ways to use WAVEFORM and its related commands to simplify or speed up w ork: Partial Wav efo r mReadout: UseWAVEFORM_SETUP to specify a short part of a wave form for readout, as

well as to sele ct a spa rsing factor for read ingev e ry n’th da ta point only. Byte Swapping: The COMM_ORDER comm a n d allows y outo swap twobytes of data presen tedin 16

format, in the descriptor or in thethe data/time arrays, w h en sendingthe data via GPIB or RS-232-C ports. Depending on the computer system used, this w ill allow easier data interpretation. For Intel you should send the data with the LSB first; the command should be CORD LO.ForMotorola computers, send the data with the MSB first (CORD HI) — the default at power-up.

NNOOTTEE:

: Data writtentoWaverunnerharddiskorfloppydrive,orto the optionalPC memorycard

drive, will always remain in L SB first, the default DOS format. T hus you cannot use the

: Because w av ef o r m s can onlybe sent

TTIIPP:

backto Waverunn ermemorytr ace s(M1 , M2,M3, M4),consider removing or ch anging thepr e f i x(C1or intheresponsetothe

CHANNEL_1

WF?

query. See

Part Two for exam p les.

-bit word

-based computers,

-based

CORD

command in these cases, as it is only for data sent via the GPIB and RS-232-C ports.

Data Length, Blo ckFor mat, and Enco di ng: COMM_FORMAT gives you control over these parameters.

If you do not need the extra precision of the low er order byte of the standard data value, the BYTE option will enable you to save by a factor of two the amount of data transferred or stored. If the computer you are using cannot read binary data, the HEX option allows a response form in which the value of each byte is given by a pair of hexadecimal digits.

)

Data- O nly Transfers: COMM_HEADER OFF enables a response to WF? DAT1 with data only (the C1:WF

DAT1 will disapp ear). If yo uhav ealso spe c ified COMM_FORMAT OFF,BYTE,BIN, the resp onsewill be data bytes only (the #90000nnnnn will disappe a r — see page 38).

Formatting for RS-232-C Users: TheCOMM_RS232commandcanassist bysplittingtheverylongWF? response into individual lines.

42 ISSUED: January 2002 L TXXX-RCM-E Rev B

C HAPTER F OUR:

Under stan d and Manage Waveform s

Tr ansferWav efor ms at HighSpeed

You must take several important factors into account if you wish to achieve maximum, continuous data trans fer rates from your W a v erunne r oscilloscop eto the ex ternal controller. The single most important of these is to limit the amount of work done in the computer. This means that you should avoid writing data to disk wherever possible, minimize operations such as per-data-point computations, and reduce the number of callsto theI/O system. To do this, youcan try thefollowing:

Reduce the numberof points to be tran sfer r ed and the num berof data bytes perpoin t. Thepulse pa ra meter capa b ility and the processin gfunctions can savea grea t dea l of comp uting anda lot of data transfer time if employed creatively.

Attem pt to ov e rlap wa veform acquisi tion withwavef ormtransfer. The oscillosco p eis capa b leof transferring an already acquired or processed waveform after a new acquisition has been started. T he total time that Waverunner takes to acquire events will be considerably increased if it is obliged to wait for trigge rs (livetime) .

Minimize the number of w av efo rmtran sfer s by using Sequence mode to accumulate manytriggers for ea chtransfer. This is preferableto usin gWAVEFORM_SETUP to reduce the number of data points for transfer. It also significantly reduces oscilloscope transfer overhead. For example, you could use ARM; WAIT;C1:WF? (wait for the event, transfer the data, and then start a new acquisition). You could also “loop” this line in the program as soon as it has finished reading the wave form.

LTXXX-RCM-E RevB ISSUED: January 2002 43

C HAPTER F IVE:

In thi s chap te r, see how

To use status r e gisters

Ch eck Wavef or mStatus

44 ISSUED: January 2002 L TXXX-RCM-E Rev B

C HAPTER F IVE

Ch eck Wavefo r mStatus

UseStatusRegisters

A wide range of status registers allows you to quickly determine Wave runner internal processing status at any time. These reg isters and theoscilloscop e ’s status reporting system, whichgroup rela tedfunctions toge ther, are de signed to complyw ith IEEE 488.2 recom m e n d a tions. Some , such as the Status Byte Reg iste r (STB) or the Stand a rd Even t Status Registe r (ESR), are req u ire d by the IE EE 488.2 Stand a rd. Others are devic espe cific, including the Command Error Register (CMR) and E xecution E rror Register (EXR). Those commands asso c ia te d with IEEE 488.2 ma nd atory status reg iste rs are prece d ed by an asterisk (*).

OVERVI EW

The Standard Event Status Bit (E SB) and the Internal Status Change Bit (INB) in the SBR are summary bits of the ESR and the Internal State Change Register (IN R). The Message Available Bit (M AV) is set whenever there are data bytes in the output queue. The Value Adapted Bit (VAB) indicates that a parameter value wa s adapted during a previous command interpretation. For example, if the command TDIV 2.5 US was received, the timebase wou ld be set to 2 ms/ div along with the VAB bit.

The Master Summary Status bit (MSS) indicates a request for service from the oscilloscope. You can only set the MSS bit if you have enabled one or more of the other STB bits with the Service Request E nable Register (SRE ).

All Enable registers (SRE, ESE and INE) areused to generate a bit-wise AND with their associatedstatus regis ters.The logical OR of this ope ration is repo rted to the STB reg ister . At power-on, all Ena blereg isters are zero, inhibiting any reporting to the STB.

The E SR primarily summarizes errors, whe reas the INR reports internal changes to the instrument. Additional details of errors reported by E SR can be obtained with the queries CMR?, DDR?, EXR? and URR?.

The register structure contains one additional register, not shown on the next page (Fig.1). This is the Parallel Poll Enable Registe r (PRE), w h ich behaves ex a ctly like the SRE, but sets the “ist” bit usedin the Parallel Poll. Read the“ ist” bit with t he*IST? query.

Example: If you were to send the erroneous command TRIG_MAKE SINGL E to your Waverunner, the oscillosco p ewould reject it and set the CommandError Register (CMR) to the value1 (unreco g n ized command/query header). The non-zero value of CMR would be reported to Bit 5 of the Standard Event Status Register (ESR), which is then set. Nothing further w ould occur unless the corresponding Bit 5 of the Standard Event Status Enable Register (ESE) was set with the command *ESE 32, enabling Bit 5 of E SR to be set for reporting to the summary bit ESB of the STB.

LTXXX-RCM-E RevB ISSUED: January 2002 45

PowerO N

121

User request ( ) Comma nd error found ( ) Execution errordetecte d ( ) Device specific error( ) Query error Request control (unused) Operationcomplete

URR?

CMR?

DDR?

EXR?

LogicalOR

Service Request Generation

Logical OR

tandard E vent

Status Register

*ESR?

Read by

InternalState Change Register

INR?

Read by

Logical OR

Status Byte Register Read by Serial Poll

*STB?

Read by

Service Request Enable Register

*SRE n

Setby

*SRE?

Read by

ee commandfor theinterpretation of thebits.

INR

110 9 4

12 11

10 9

315

Internal St ate Change Enable Register

INE n

Setby

INE?

Read by

RQS

MSS

Standard Event Status E nable Regi ster

*ESE n

Set by Read by

ESB

MAV VAB INB

124

*ESE?

F igure 1.S tatus Register S tructure

46 ISSUED: January 2002 L TXXX-RCM-E Rev B

C HAPTER F IVE:

If you enabled the setting of the ESB summary bit in STB, again nothing would occur unless you enabled further reporting by setting the corresponding bit in the Service Reque st Enable Register with the command *SRE 32. The generation of a non-zero value of CMR w ould ripple through to MSS, generating a Service Request (SRQ).

You can read the value of CMR and simultaneously reset to zero at any time with the command CMR?.The occurrence of a command error can also be detected by analyzing the response to *ESR?. However, if you must survey several types of potential errors, it is usually far more efficient to enable propagation of the errors of interest intotheSTB with theenableregisters ESE and INE.

To summarize: a command error (CMR) sets Bit 5 of ESR if a. Bit 5 of ESE is set, ESB of STB is also set, or b. Bit 5 of SRE is set, MSS/ RQS of STB is also set and a Service Request is gene rated.

STATUS BYTE REGISTER (STB)

STB is the W ave runner central reporting structure. It is made up of eight single-bit summary messages, three of which are unused, that reflect the current status of the oscilloscope ’ s associate d data structures:

Bit 0 is theINB summarybit of theI nternal StateChangeRegister.It isset if anyINR bitsareset, provided they are enabled by the corresponding bit of the IN E register.

Bit 2 is the VAB bit, indicating that a parameter value was adapted during a previous command interpretation.

Check Wavefo rmStatus

Bit 4 is the MAV bit, indicating that the interface output queueis not empty. Bit 5 is the summary bit ESB of the ESR. It is set if any of the bits of the ESR are set, provided they are

enabled by the corresponding bit of the ESE register. Bit 6 is either the MSS or RQS (Request for Service) bit.

You can read the STB using the *STB? qu e ry. It reads and clears the STB, in whichcaseBit 6 is the MSS bit, And it indicates whe ther the oscilloscope has any reason to request service. The response to the query represents the binary w eighted sum of the register bits. The register is cleared by *STB?, ALST?, *CLS,or with W ave runner powering up.

Another wa y to read the STB is using the serial poll (see Chapter 2). In this case, Bit 6 is the RQS bit, indicating that the instrument has activated the SRQ line on the GPIB. The serial poll clears only the RQS bit. And the STB’s MSS bit, and any other bits w hich caused MSS to be set, will remain set after the poll. These bits must be reset.

STANDARDEVENT STATUS REGISTER (E SR)

ESR is a 16-bit register ref lecting the occurrence of events. E SR bit assignments have been standardized by IE EE 488.2. Only the lower eigh t bits are currentlyin use .

LTXXX-RCM-E RevB ISSUED: January 2002 47

ReadESR using*ESR?. The resp on seis the binary w e ighted sum of the regis ter bits. The register is cleare d with *ESR? or ALST?,orwith*CLS or pow e ring on the scope.

Example: Theresponsemessage*ESR 160 tells you that a command error occurred and that the E SR is be ingreadfor the first time after po wer-on. The valu e160 can be brokendown into 128 (Bit 7) plus 32 (bit 5). See the table with the ESR command description in Part Two for the conditions corresponding to the bits set.

The Pow er ON bit appe ars only on the first *ESR? query after powe r-on, as the query clears the register. You can determine this type of command error by reading the CMR with CMR?. It is not necessary that you read, or simultaneously clear, this register in order to set the CMR bit in the ESR on the next command error.

STANDARDEVENT STATUSENABLE REGISTER (ESE)

Thisregister allows youto report one or more eventsintheESR to theESB summary bit in theSTB. Modify E SE with *ESE and clear it with *ESE 0, or with power-on. Read it with *ESE?.

Example: Use*ESE 4 to set bit 2 (binary 4) of the E SE Register, and enable query errors to be reported.

SERVICE REQUEST ENABLE REGISTER (SRE)

SRE specifies whic h Status Byte Registe r summa ry bit or bits will bring abo u t a service requ e s t. This reg ister consists of eight bits. Setting a bit allows the summary bit located at the same bit position in the SBR to generate a service request, provided that the associated event becomes true. Bit 6 (MSS) cannot be set and is always reported as zero in response to *SRE?.

Modify SRE with *SRE and clear it with *SRE 0, or with power-on. Readit using *SRE?.

PARALLELPOLLENABLEREGISTER(PRE)

This specifies which Status Byte Register summary bit or bits w ill set the “ist” individual local message. PRE is similar to SRE, but is used to set the parallel poll “ist” bit rather than MSS.

The valueof the “ist” mayalso be read withou t a Paralle l Poll via the query *IST?. The response indicates whe ther or not the “ist” message has been set (values are 1 or 0).

Modify PRE *PRE and clear it with *PRE 0, or with power-on. Readthis reg ister with *PRE?.

Example:Use*PRE 5 to set the register’s bits 2 and 0 (decimal 4 and 1).

IN T ERNAL STATE CHAN GE STATUS RE GISTE R (IN R )

INR reports the completion of a number of internal operations (the events tracked by this 16-bit-wide register are listed with the INR? descriptioninPartTwo).

Read theregister usingINR?. The resp on seis the binary w eighted sum of the register bits. Clea r the register with INR? or ALST?,a*CLS command, or with pow e r-on.

48 ISSUED: January 2002 L TXXX-RCM-E Rev B

C HAPTER F IVE:

INTERNALSTATECHANGEENABLEREGISTER(INE)

INE allows one or more events in the Internal State Change Status Register to be reported to the INB summary bit in the STB.

Modify INE with INE and clear it with INE 0, or after power-on. Read it with INE?.

COMMAND ERROR STATUS REGISTER (CMR)

This register contains the codeof the last comma n d error detected by the oscillosc op e. List the seerror code s using CMR?.

ReadCMR withCMR?. The resp o ns eis the error code. Clear the register w ith a CMR? or ALST? query , a *CLS command, or with pow er-on.

DE VI CE DEPENDENT ERROR STATU S R EGI ST ER (DDR)

DDR indicates the type of hardw are errors affecting your Wa verunner. Individual bits in this register report spe c ific hardware failure s .List them using DDR?.

Alsoread thisregister usingtheDDR? query. The response is the binary we ighted sum of the error bits. Clear it w ith ano the r DDR? or w ith ALST?,a*CLS command, or with pow e r-on.

EXECUTION ERROR STATUS REGISTER (EXR)

Check Wavefo rmStatus

EXR contains the codeof the last ex e cu tion error detected by the oscillosco p e. List theseerror cod e s with EXR?.

Read the register, again using the EXR? query . The response is the error code. Clear with another EXR? or with ALST?,a*CLS command, or w ith powe r-on.

USER REQUEST STATUSREGISTER(URR)

Finally , URR contains the identification code of the last menu button pressed. List these codes with URR?. Read URR using the same query . The response is the decimal code associated with the selected menu button.

And clear the register with another URR?,orwithALST?, a *CL S command, or w ith powe r-on.

LTXXX-RCM-E RevB ISSUED: January 2002 49

BLANK PAGE

50 ISSUED: January 2002 L TXXX-RCM-E Rev B

C HAPTER F IVE:

BLANK PAGE

Check Wavefo rmStatus

LTXXX-RCM-E RevB ISSUED: January 2002 51

AARRT

Part Twolists and describes the com man ds and queries you will need to rem otelyoper ate your Waverunner oscillosco p e.

WWO

DSS

LTXXX-RCM-E RevB ISSUED: January 2002 51

P ART T WO: COMMANDS

In this part of the manual, yo u’ll find the com m an ds and queries.

To run Wav erun ner rem otely.

52 ISSUED: January 2002 L TXXX-RCM-E Rev B

P ART T WO: COMMANDS

{{}

Use Waverunner Commands and Queries

This part of the manual lists and describes the remote control commands and queries recognized by Waverunner. You can execute all of them in either local or remote state. Where commands or queries for spe c ia l options are not include d,youwill find them in thoseoptions’ dedica tedOperator’s M anuals.

The commands and queries are listed in alphabetical order according to the long form of their name. For example, the description of ATTENUATION, whose short form is ATTN, is listed before that of AUTO SETUP, whose short form is ASET. E ach command or query description starts on a new page. The name (heade r) is given in both long and short form at the top of the first page of each description.

Queries perform actions such as obtaining information. They are recognized by ? follow ingtheir head ers. Many commands can be used as queries w ith the question mark added.

A brief explanation of the operation performed by the command or query is follow ed the formal syntax, with the full-name header given in lower-case characters and the short form derived from it in uppe r-case characters (e .g., DoT_JoiN forDTJN). Where app licable, the syntax of the query is given w ith the format of its resp on se. A short ex a m p leillustrating a typica l use is also prese nted . The GPIB ex a m p les assu m ethat the controller is equippe d with a National Instruments interface board, which calls to the related interface subroutines in BASIC. The device name of the oscilloscope is defined as SCOPE%.

Use the two tables that precede the descriptions to quickly find a command or query . The first of these lists the commands and queries in alphabetical order according to their short form. The second table groups them according to the subsystem or category they belong to.

COMMAND NOTATION

The following notation is used in the commands:

Angular brackets enclose words that are used as placeholders, of which there are two types: the heade r

<<>

::=

[[]

…

LTXXX-RCM-E RevB ISSUED: January 2002 53

path and the data parameter of a command. A colon followed by an equa ls sign separates a placeholder from the description of the type and range

of values that can be used in a command instead of the placeholder. Braces enclose a list of choices, one of which must be made.

}

Square brackets enclose optional items.

]

An ellip sis indicates that the items left andright of it can be repe a tedanynumb e r of times .

P ART T WO: COMMANDS

Example:consider the syntax notation for the command to set the vertical input sensitivity:

1. < chann e l> : VOLT_DIV <v_gain>

2. < chann e l> : = { C1, C2}

3. < v_gain > : = 5.0 mV to 2.5 V The first line shows the formal appearance of the command: < channel> denotes the placeholder for the

heade r path; < v_gain> is the placeholder for the vertical gain value. The second line indicates that either C1 or C2 must be chosen for the header path. Thethirdlinemeansthattheactualverticalgaincanbesettoanyvaluefrom5mVto2.5 V.

54 ISSUED: January 2002 L TXXX-RCM-E Rev B

Remote Control Commands and Queries

T able of Commands and Queries — By Short Form...

PAGE

NO.

66 63 64 67 68 65 71 69 72 84 86 87 88 74 75 77 76 78 80 89 91 73 94 95 98

100

83 103 104 106 112 113 216 102 116 117 118

SHORT

LONG FORM SUBSYSTEM

FORM

ACAL AUTO_CALIBRATE ALST? ALL_STATUS? ARM ARM_ACQUISITION ASCR AUTO_SCROLL ASET AUTO_SETUP ATTN ATTENUATION BUZZ BUZZER BWL BANDWIDTH_LIMIT *CAL? *CAL? CFMT COMM_FORMAT CHDR COMM_HEADER CHLP COMM_HELP CHL COMM_HELP_LOG CHST CALL_HOST CLM CLEAR_MEMORY *CLS *CLS CLSW CLEAR_SWEEPS CMR? CMR? COLR COLOR CORD COMM_ORDER CORS COMM_RS232 COUT CAL_OUTPUT CPL COUPLING CRMS CURSOR_MEASURE CRST? CURSOR_SET? CRVA? CURSOR_VALUE? CSCH COLOR_SCHEME DATE DATE DDR? DDR? DEF DEFINE DELF DELETE_FILE DIR DIRECTORY DISP DISPLAY DPNT DATA_POINTS DTJN DOT_JOIN DZOM DUAL_ZOOM EKEY ENABLE_KEY

WHAT THE COMM AN D OR QUE RYDOE S

(CATE GORY)

MISCELL ANE OUS Enables or disables automatic calibration. STATUS Reads and clears the contents of all status registers. ACQUISITION Chang e s acq u isition state from “stoppe d ” to “single”. DISPLAY Controls the Auto Scroll viewingfeature. ACQUISITION Adjusts vertical, timebaseandtrigger parameters. ACQUISITION Selects the verticalattenuationfactor of theprobe. MISCE LLANEOUS Controls the built-in pie zo-electric buzzer. ACQUISITION Enables/ disable s band width-limiting low-passfilter. MISCE LLANEOUS Performs comple te internal calibration of oscilloscope. COMMUN ICATION Selects the format for sending wave form data. COMMUN ICATION Controls formatting of query responses. COMMUN ICATION Controls operational level of the RC Assistant. COMMUN ICATION Returns the contents of the RC Assistant log. DISPLAY Allows manual generation of a service request (SRQ). FUN CTION Clears the specified memory. STATUS Clears all statusdata registers. FUNCTION Restarts the cumulative processing functions. STATUS Reads andclears theComm and erro rRegister(CMR). DISPLAY Selects color of individual on-screen objects. COMMUN ICATION Controls the byte order of wa veform data transfers. COMMUNICATION Sets remote control parameters of the RS-232-C port. MISCE LL ANE OUS Sets signal type put out at the CAL connector. ACQUISITION Selects the specified input channel’s coupling mode. CURSOR Specifies the type of cursor/ parameter measurement. CURSOR Allows positioning of any one of eight cursors. CURSOR Returns tracevalues measu re dbyspe cifiedcursors. DISPL AY Selects the display color scheme. MISCELL ANE OUS Changes the date/time of the internal real-time clock. ST ATUS Reads, clears t he Device Dependent Register (DD R). FUN CTION Specifies math expression for function evaluation. MASS STORA GE Deletes files from mass storage. MASS STORA GE Creates and deletes file directories. DISPLAY Controls the displayscree n . DISPLAY Controls bold/single pixel display of sample points. DISPLAY Controls the interpolation lines betwe endata points. DISPLAY Sets horizontal magnification and positioning. DISPLAY Allow s use of the K EY commandin local mode.

LTXXX-RCM-E RevB ISSUED: January 2002 55

P ART T WO: COMMANDS

PAGE

NO.

119 120 123 125 127 128 130 132 126 135 134 136 137 138 141 142 143 145 152 146 147

149 151

153 154 155 156 158 160 159 161 162 163 164 167 168 171 172 173

SHORT

LONG FORM SUBSYSTEM

FORM

*ESE *ESE *ESR? *ESR? EXR? EXR? FATC FAT_CURSOR FCR FIND_CTR_RANGE FCRD FORMAT_CARD FFLP FORMAT_FLOPPY FHDD FORMAT_HDD FLNM FILENAME FRST FUNCTION_RESET FSCR FULL_SCREEN GBWL GLOBAL_BWL GRID GRID HCSU HARDCOPY_SETUP HCTR HARDCOPY_TRANSMIT HMAG HOR_MAGNIFY HPOS HOR_POSITION *IDN? *IDN? ILVD INTERLEAVED INE INE INR? INR?

INSP? INSPECT? INTS INTENSITY

IST? IST? KEY KEY LOGO LOGO MASK MASK MGAT MEASURE_GATE MSG MESSAGE MSIZ MEMORY_SIZE MZOM MULTI_ZOOM OFST OFFSET *OPC *OPC *OPT? *OPT? PACL PARAMETER_CLR PACU PARAMETER_CUSTOM PADL PARAMETER_DELETE PAST? PARAMETER_STATISTICS? PAVA? PARAMETER_VALUE?

WHAT THE COMMAND OR QUE RYDOE S

(CATE GORY)

STATUS Sets theStandardEvent StatusEnable register(ESE). STATUS Reads,clearsthe Event StatusRegister (ESR). STATUS Reads, clears theEX ecutionerror Register(EXR ). DISPLAY Controls width of cursors. FUNCTI ON Automatically sets the center andwidth of ahistogram. MISCELL ANE OUS Formats the memory card. MISCELL ANE OUS Formats a floppy disk. MASS STORAGE Formats the removable hard disk. MASS STORAGE Changes default filenames. FUNCTION Resets a waveform-processing function. DISPLAY Selects magnified viewformat for the grid. ACQUISITION E nables/disables the Global Bandw idth Limit. DISPLAY Specifies single-, dual- or quad-modegrid display. HARD COPY Configures the hardcopy driver. HARD COPY Sends string of ASCII characters to hardcopy unit. DISPLAY Horizontally expands the selected expansion trace. DISPLAY Horizontally positions intensified zone’s center. MISCELL ANE OUS For identification purposes. ACQUISITION E nables/disables random interleavedsampling (RIS). STATUS Sets theI nternal state changeEnable register (INE ). STATUS Reads, clearsINternal statechange Regi ster (INR). WAVEFORM

TRANSFE R DISPLAY Sets the grid or trace /text intensity level. STATUS Read sthe current state of the IEEE 488. DISPLAY Displays a string in the menufield. DISPLAY Displays LeCroy logo at top of grid. CURSOR Invokes Polymask drawand fill tools. DISPLAY Controls highlighting of the measurement gate region. DISPL AY Displays a string of characters in the message field. ACQUISITION Selectsmax. memorylength. DISPLAY Sets horizontal magnification and positioning. ACQUISITION Allows output channel vertical offsetadjustment. STATUS Sets theOPC bit intheEvent StatusRegister (ESR). MISCE LLANEOUS Identifies oscilloscop eoptions. CURSOR Clears allcurrent parametersin Custom, Pass/Fai l. CURSOR Controls parame ters with customizablequalifiers. CURSOR Deletes a specified param e ter in Custom, Pass/Fail. CURSOR Returnscurrent statisticsparamete rvalues. CURSOR Returnscurrent parameter, mask test val ues.

Allows acquired waveform parts to be read.

56 ISSUED: January 2002 L TXXX-RCM-E Rev B

Remote Control Commands and Queries

PAGE

NO.

183 185 188 186 187 189 190 176 178 179 181 182 166 191 192 193 194 195 198

197 196

199 201 202 200 203 204 205

207 208

209 212 211

213 214

215

SHORT

LONG FORM SUBSYSTEM

FORM

PECS PER_CURSOR_SET PECV? PER_CURSOR_VALUE? PELT PERSIST_LAST PERS PERSIST PECL PERSIST_COLOR PESA PERSIST_SAT PESU PERSIST_SETUP PFCO PASS_FAIL_CONDITION PFCT PASS_FAIL_COUNTER PFDO PASS_FAIL_DO PFMS PASS_FAIL_MASK PFST? PASS_FAIL_STATUS? PNSU PANEL_SETUP *PRE *PRE PRCA? PROBE_CAL? PRDG? PROBE_DEGAUSS? PRNA PROBE_NAME? *RCL *RCL RCPN RECALL_PANEL

REC RECALL ROUT REAR_OUTPUT

*RST *RST *SAV *SAV SCDP SCREEN_DUMP SCLK SAMPLE_CLOCK SCSV SCREEN_SAVE SEL SELECT SEQ SEQUENCE

SLEEP SLEEP *SRE *SRE

*STB? *STB? STO STORE STOP STOP

STPN STORE_PANEL STST STORE_SETUP

STTM STORE_TEMPLATE

WHAT THE COMM AN D OR QUE RYDOE S

(CATE GORY)

CURSOR Positions indepen dent cursors. CURSOR Returnsvalues measured bycurso rs. DISPLAY Shows the last trace drawn in a persistence data map. DISPLAY E nables or disables the persistence display mode. DISPLAY Controls color rendering method of persistence traces. DISPLAY Sets the color saturation levelin persistence . DISPL AY Selects display persistence duration. CURSOR Adds a Pass/ Fail test condition or custom parameter. CURSOR Resets the Pass/Fail acqu isition counters. CURSOR Defines desired outcome, actions after Pass/Fail test. CURSOR Generates tolerance mask on a trace and stores it. CURSOR Returns the Pass/Fail test for a given line number. SAVE/ RECALL Complementsthe*SAV/*RST commands. STATUS Sets the PaRallel poll E nable register (PRE). PROBE S Performs auto-calibration of connected current probe. PROBE S Degausses, calibrates connected current probe. PROBE S Names the probe connected to the oscilloscope . SAVE /RECAL L Recalls one of five non-volatile panel setups. SAVE /RECAL L Recalls a front panel setup from mass storage. WAVE FORM

TRANSFE R MICE LLAN EOUS Sets the type of signal put out at rear BNC connector. SA VE / RECAL L Initiates a device reset. SAVE /RECAL L Stores current state in non-volatile internal memory. HARD COPY Causes a screen dump to the hardcopy device. ACQUISITION Allows controlof an external timebase. DISPLAY Controls the automatic screen saver. DISPLAY Selects the specified trace for manual display control. ACQUISITION Sets the conditions for the sequence mode acquisition.

MICELLANEOUS ST ATUS Sets the Service R equest E nable register (SRE ).

STATUS Readsthe contents of the IEE E 488. WAVE FORM

TRANSFE R ACQUISITION Immediately stops signal acquisition. SAVE /RECAL L Stores front panel setup to mass storage. WAVE FORM

TRANSFE R WAVE FORM

TRANSFE R

Recalls a file from mass storage to internal memory.

Makes the scope wait before it interprets new commands

Storesa trac ein internal memory or massstorage.

Controls the wayin wh ichtraces are stored.

Stores the waveform template to mass storage.

LTXXX-RCM-E RevB ISSUED: January 2002 57

P ART T WO: COMMANDS

PAGE

SHORT

NO.

FORM

TDIV TIME_DIV

218

TDISP TDISP

216

TMPL? TEMPLATE?

217

TRA TRACE

219

TOPA TRACE_OPACITY

220

TRCP TRIG_COUPLING

222

TRDL TRIG_DELAY

223

*TRG *TRG

221

TRLV TRIG_LEVEL

225

TRMD TRIG_MODE

226

TRSE TRIG_SELECT

227

TRSL TRIG_SLOPE

230

TRWI TRIG_WINDOW

231

*TST? *TST?

232

URR? URR?

233

VDIV VOLT_DIV

237

VMAG VERT_MAGNIFY

235

VPOS VERT_POSITION

236

*WAI *WAI

238

WAIT WAIT

239

WF WAVEFORM

240

WFSU WAVEFORM_SETUP

243

WFTX WAVEFORM_TEXT

245

XYAS? XY_ASSIGN?

246

XYCO XY_CURSOR_ORIGIN

247

XYCS XY_CURSOR_SET

248

XYCV? XY_CURSOR_VALUE?

250

XYDS XY_DISPLAY

252 253

XYRD

254 XYSA

LONG FORM SUBSYSTEM

ACQUISITION Modifies thetimebasesetting. MISCELL ANE OUS Changes time display from current to trigger or none. WAVEFORM

TRANSFE R DISPLAY E nables or disables the display of a trace. DISPLAY Controls theopacityof thetrace color. ACQUISITION Sets the coupling mode of the specified trigger source. ACQUISITION Sets thetime at whichthe trigger is to occur. ACQUISITION E xecutesan ARM command. ACQUISITION Adjuststhetrigger level of thespecified trigger source. ACQUISITION Specifies the trigger mode. ACQUISITION Selects the conditionthat will trigger acquisition. ACQUISITION Sets thetriggerslopeof thespecified trigger source. ACQUISITION Sets windowamplitudeon current Edge trigge r source. MISCE L L AN E OUS Perf orms an internal self-test. ST ATUS Reads, clears User Request status R egister (URR). ACQUISITION Sets the vertical sensitivity. DISPLAY Vertically exp a n dsthe specified trace . DISPLAY Adjusts the vertical position of the specifiedtrace. STATUS Requ ire d by the IEE E 488. ACQUISITION Prevents newanalysis untilcurrentiscompleted. WAVEFORM

TRANSFE R WAVEFORM

TRANSFE R DISPL AY R eturns traces currently assigned to the X Y display. CURSOR Sets origin position of absolute cursor measureme nts. CURSOR Allows positioning of XY voltage cursors. CURSOR Returnsthe current values of theX vs Y curs ors. DISPLAY E nables or disables the XY display mode.

XY_RENDER XY_SATURATION

DISPLAY Controls X Y plot: smooth or disconnected points. DISPL AY Sets persistence color saturation level in XY display.

WHAT THE COMMAND OR QUE RYDOE S

(CATE GORY)

Produces a complete wa ve form template copy.

Transfers a waveform from controller to scope.

Specifies amoun t of wave form data to go to controller.

Documents acquisition conditions.

58 ISSUED: January 2002 L TXXX-RCM-E Rev B

Remote Control Commands and Queries

Table of Com m an ds and Quer ies — By Subsystem ...

PAGE

NO.

64 68 65

69 136 152 159 162 200 205 211 218 222 223 221 225 226 227 230 231 237 239

98 100

156

167 171

SHORT

LONG FORM WHAT THE COMMAN D OR QUE RYDOE S

FORM

ACQUISITION — T O CON TROL WAVEFORM CAPTURE

ARM ARM_ACQUISITION ASET AUTO_SETUP ATTN ATTENUATION BWL BANDWIDTH_LIMIT GBWL GLOBAL_BWL ILVD INTERLEAVED MSIZ MEMORY_SIZE OFST OFFSET SCLK SAMPLE_CLOCK SEQ SEQUENCE STOP STOP TDIV TIME_DIV TRCP TRIG_COUPLING TRDL TRIG_DELAY *TRG *TRG TRLV TRIG_LEVEL TRMD TRIG_MODE TRSE TRIG_SELECT TRSL TRIG_SLOPE TRWI TRIG_WINDOW VDIV VOLT_DIV WAIT WAIT

COMMUNICATION — T O SET COMMUN ICATION CHARACTER ISTICS

CFMT COMM_FORMAT CHDR COMM_HEADER CHLP COMM_HELP CHL COMM_HELP_LOG CORD COMM_ORDER CORS COMM_RS232

CUR SOR — TO PERFORM MEASUREMENTS

CRMS CURSOR_MEASURE CRST? CURSOR_SET? CRVA? CURSOR_VALUE?

MASK MASK

PACL PARAMETER_CLR PADL PARAMETER_DELETE

Changes acqu isition state from “stopped” to “single”. Adjusts vertical, timebaseand trigger parameters for signal display. Selects the vertical attenuation factor of the probe. Enablesor disables the bandw id th-limiting low-passfilter. Enables/ disables the Global Bandwidth Limit Enables or disables random interleaved sampling (RIS). Allows selection of maximummemory length (M- and L-modelsonly ) . Allows vertical offset adjustment of the specifiedinpu t channe l. Allows control of an ext ernal timebase. Sets the conditions for Seque nce-modeacquisition. Immediatelystops signal acq uis ition. Modifies the timebase setting. Sets the couplingmodeof the specifiedtrigger source. Sets thetimeat whichthetrigger is to occur. Executes an ARM command. Adjusts the level of the specifiedtrigger source. Specifies Trigger mode . Selects the condition that will trigger acqu isition. Sets theslopeof thespecified trigger source. Sets the windowamplitude in volts on the current E dge trigger source. Sets theverticalsensitivityin volts/div. Prevents new command analysis until current acquisition completion.

Selects the format to be used for sending wave form data. Controls formatting of query responses. Controls operational level of the RC Assistant. Returns the contents of the RC Assistant log. Controls the byte order of wa veform data transfers. Sets remote control parameters of the RS-232-C port.

Specifies the type of cursor or parameter measurement for display. Allows positioning of any one of eight independe nt cursors. Returns the values measured by the specified cursors for a given trace.

Invokes Polymask drawand fill tools.

Clears allcurrent parametersin Custom andPass/Failmodes. Deletes a specified parameter in Custom and Pass/Fail mode s.

LTXXX-RCM-E RevB ISSUED: January 2002 59

P ART T WO: COMMANDS

PAGE

NO.

172 173 183 185 176 178 179 181 182 247 248 250

74 80 83

102 216 116

117 118 125

134

137

142

143

151

154 155

158

160

161

186

187

188

189

190

203

SHORT

LONG FORM WHAT THE COMMAN D OR QUE RYDOE S

FORM

PAST? PARAMETER_STATISTICS? PAVA? PARAMETER_VALUE? PECS PER_CURSOR_SET PECV? PER_CURSOR_VALUE? PFCO PASS_FAIL_CONDITION PFCT PASS_FAIL_COUNTER PFDO PASS_FAIL_DO PFMS PASS_FAIL_MASK PFST? PASS_FAIL_STATUS? XYCO XY_CURSOR_ORIGIN XYCS XY_CURSOR_SET XYCV? XY_CURSOR_VALUE?

DISPLAY — TO DISPLAY WAVEFORMS

ASCR AUTO_SCROLL CHST CALL_HOST COLR COLOR CSCH COLOR_SCHEME

DPNT DATA_POINTS DISP DISPLAY DTJN DOT_JOIN

DZOM DUAL_ZOOM EKEY ENABLE_KEY FATC FAT_CURSOR

FSCR FULL_SCREEN

GRID GRID

HMAG HOR_MAGNIFY

HPOS HOR_POSITION

INTS INTENSITY

KEY KEY LOGO LOGO

MGAT MEASURE_GATE

MSG MESSAGE

MZOM MULTI_ZOOM

PERS PERSIST

PECL PERSIST_COLOR

PELT PERSIST_LAST

PESA PERSIST_SAT

PESU PERSIST_SETUP

SCSV SCREEN_SAVE

Returnscurrent statisticsvaluesfor the specifiedpul se parameter. Returnscurrent value(s )of parameter(s)and masktes ts. Allows positioning of any one of six independent cursors. Returns the value smea su re dbyspe cifiedcursors for a given trace . Adds a Pass/Fail test condition or custom parameter to display. Rese ts the Pass/Fail acq u isition counters. Defines the desired outcome and actions following a Pass/Fail test. Generates a tolerance mask around a chosen trace and stores it. Returns the Pass/Fail test for a given line number. Sets position of origin for absolute cursor measuremen ts on XY display. Allows positioning of any one of six independe nt XY voltage cursors. Returnscurrent values of X vs Y curso rs.

Controls the Auto Scroll viewing feature. Allows manual generation of a service reque st (SRQ). Selects color of individual objects such as traces, grids or cursors. Selects the display color scheme.

Controls display of sample points in single display pixels or bold. Controls the oscilloscopedisplayscreen. Controls the interpolation lines betwee n data points.

Sets horizontal magnification and positioning for all expande d traces. Allows use of the KEY comman din local mode. Controls width of cursors.

Selectsmagnified view format forthe grid.

Specifies grid displayin single,dua l or qua dmode.

Horizontally expands the selected expansion trace.

Horizontally positions the intensified zone’s center on the source trace.

Sets grid or trace/text intensitylevel.

Displays a string in the menu field. Displays LeCroy logo at top of grid.

Controls highlighting of the region betwe enthe parameter cursors.

Displays a string of characters in the message field.

Sets horizontal magnification and positioning for all expande d traces.

Enablesor disables the PersistenceDisplay mode .

Controls color rendering method of persistence traces.

Shows the last trace drawn in a persistence data map.

Sets thecolorsaturation level in persistence.

Selects displaypersistenceduration in Persistencemode .

Controls the automatic screen saver.

60 ISSUED: January 2002 L TXXX-RCM-E Rev B

Remote Control Commands and Queries

PAGE

NO.

204 219 220 235 236 246 252

253

254

76 106 127 135

138 141 202

112 113 128 130 132 126

73 103 145 164 196 207

216

232

SHORT

LONG FORM WHAT THE COMMAN D OR QUE RYDOE S

FORM

SEL SELECT TRA TRACE TOPA TRACE_OPACITY VMAG VERT_MAGNIFY VPOS VERT_POSITION XYAS? XY_ASSIGN? XYDS XY_DISPLAY

XYRD

XYSA

XY_RENDER

XY_SATURATION

Selects the speci fied tracefor manua ldisplay control. Enablesor disables the displayof a trace. Controls theopacityof thetrace color. Verticallyexp a n d s the specified trace . Adjuststheverticalposition of thespecif iedtrace. Returnsthe tracescurrently assignedto theXY display. Enablesor disables the XY display mode .

Controls XY plot: smooth or disconnected points.

Sets persistence color saturationlevel inX Y display.

FUNCTION — TO PERFORM WAVEFORM MATHEMATICAL OPERATI ON S

CLM CLEAR_MEMORY CLSW CLEAR_SWEEPS DEF DEFINE FCR FIND_CTR_RANGE FRST FUNCTION_RESET

Clears the specified memory. Restarts the cumulative processing functions. Specifies the mathematical expression to be evaluated by a function. Automatically sets the center andwidth of ahistogram. Resets a waveform processing function.

HARD COPY —TO PRINT THE CONTENTS OFTHE DISPLAY

HCSU HARDCOPY_SETUP HCTR HARDCOPY_TRANSMIT SCDP SCREEN_DUMP

Configures the hardcopy driver. Sends a string of unmodified ASCII characters to the hardcopy unit. Causes a screen dump to the hardcopy device.

MASS STORAGE — T O CREATE AND DELETE FILE DIRECTORIES

DELF DELETE_FILE DIR DIRECTORY FCRD FORMAT_CARD FFLP FORMAT_FLOPPY FHDD FORMAT_HDD FLNM FILENAME

Deletes files from the currently selecteddirectory on mass storage . Creates and deletesfile directories on mass-storage device s. Formats the memory card. Formats a floppy disk in the Double- or High-Density format. Formatstheremo vableharddisk. Changes the default filename of any stored trace, setup or hard copy.

MISCELL ANE OUS — TO CALIBRATE AND TEST

ACAL AUTO_CALIBRATE BUZZ BUZZER *CAL? *CAL? COUT CAL_OUTPUT DATE DATE *IDN? *IDN? *OPT? *OPT? ROUT REAR_OUTPUT SLEEP SLEEP

TDISP TDISP

*TST? *TST?

Enablesor disables automatic calibration. Controls the built-in piezoe lectric buzzer. Performs a complete internalcalibra tion of the oscilloscope . Sets the type of signal put out at the CAL connector. Change s the date/time of the oscilloscope ’s internal rea l-time clock. Used for identification purposes. Identifies oscilloscopeoptions. Sets the type of signal put out at rear BNC connector. Makes the scope wait before it interprets newcommands

Changes time display from current to trigger or none.

Perform san inte rnal self-test.

LTXXX-RCM-E RevB ISSUED: January 2002 61

P ART T WO: COMMANDS

PAGE

NO.

192 193 194

166 195 198 199 201 213

63 77

78 104 119 120 123 146 147 153 163 191 208 209 233 238

149 197 212 214 215 217 240 243 245

SHORT

LONG FORM WHAT THE COMMAN D OR QUE RYDOE S

FORM

PROBES — TO USE PROBE S

PRCA? PROBE_CAL? PRDG PROBE_DEGAUSS? PRNA PROBE_NAME?

Performs a complete calibration of the connected current probe. Degau sses and calibrates the connected current probe. Gives an identification of the probe connected to the oscilloscope.

SAVE/RECALL SETUP — TO PRESERVE AND RESTORE FRONT PANEL SETTINGS

PNSU PANEL_SETUP *RCL *RCL RCPN RECALL_PANEL *RST *RST *SAV *SAV STPN STORE_PANEL

Complements the *SAV/* RST commands. Recalls one of five non-volatile panel setups. Recalls a front panel setup from mass storage. Initiates a device reset. Stores the current state in non-volatile internal memory. Stores the complete front panel setup on a mass-storage file.

STATUS — TO OBTAIN STATUS INFOR MATI ON AND SET UP SERVICE REQUESTS

ALST? ALL_STATUS? *CLS *CLS CMR? CMR? DDR? DDR? *ESE *ESE *ESR? *ESR? EXR? EXR? INE INE INR? INR? IST? IST? *OPC *OPC *PRE *PRE *SRE *SRE *STB? *STB? URR? URR? *WAI *WAI

Reads and clears the contents of all (but one) of the status registers. Clears all the status data registers. Readsand clears the contents of theCoMmand error Register (CMR). Reads and clears the Device-Dependent error R egister (DDR). Sets thestandardE vent Status E nable (ESE) register. Reads and clears the E vent Status Register (E SR). Readsand clearstheEXecutionerrorRegister (EXR). Sets theINternal statechange E nableregister (INE ). Reads and clears the INternal state change R egister (INR ). Individual STatus reads the current state of IEE E 488. Sets totrue theOPC bit (0)inthe Event StatusRegister (ESR). Sets the PaRallel poll Enable register (PRE ). Sets the Service Request E nable register (SRE ). Read sthe contents of IE EE 488. Reads and clears the User R equest status Register (URR). WAIt to continue— requiredby IE EE 488.

WAVE FORM TRAN SFER — TO PRESERVE AND RESTORE WAVEFORMS

INSP? INSPECT? REC RECALL STO STORE STST STORE_SETUP STTM STORE_TEMPLATE TMPL? TEMPLATE? WF WAVEFORM WFSU WAVEFORM_SETUP WFTX WAVEFORM_TEXT

Allows acquired waveform parts to be read. Recalls a waveform file from mass storage to internal memories M1–4. Stores a trace in one of the internal memories M1–4 or mass storage. Controls the wayin wh ichtraces are stored. Stores the waveform template in a mass-storage device. Produces a copyof the templa te describing a complete wave form. Transfers a wa ve form from the controller to the oscilloscop e . Specifies amoun t of wave form data for transmissionto controller. Documents the conditions under which a waveform has been acquired

62 ISSUED: January 2002 L TXXX-RCM-E Rev B

Remote Control Commands and Queries

STATUS

DE SCRIPTIO N

QUE R Y SYN TAX ALl_STatus?

RESPONSE FORMAT

EXAMPLE (GPIB) The following reads the contents of all the status registers:

TheALL_STATUS? query reads and clears the contents of all status registers: STB, E SR,INR, DDR, CMR,EXR and URR except for the MAV bit (bit 6) of theSTB register. For aninterpretationof the contents of each register, refer to the appropriate status register.

The query is useful in a complete overview of the state of your Wa verunner oscilloscope.

ALl_STatus STB,<value>,ESR,<value>,INR,<value>, DDR,<value>,CMR,<value>,EXR,<value>,URR,<value>

<value > : = 0 to 65535

CMD$=“ALST?”: CALL IBWRT(SCOPE%,CMD$): CALL IBRD(SCOPE%,RSP$): PRINT RSP$

ALL_STATUS?, ALST?

Query

Response message :

ALST TB,000000,ESR,000052,INR,000005,DDR,000000, CMR,000004,EXR,000024,URR,000000

RE L ATED COMMAN DS *CLS, CMR?, DDR?, *ESR?, EXR?, *STB?, URR?

LTXXX-RCM-E RevB ISSUED: January 2002 63

P ART T WO: COMMANDS

ACQUISITION

DE SCRIPTIO N

COMMAND SYN TAX ARM_acquisition

EXAMPLE The following ena ble ssignal acqu isition:

RE L ATED COMMAN DS

TheARM_ACQUISITION command enables the signal acquisition process by changing the acquisition state (trigger mode) from “stopped” to “single”.

CMD$=“ARM”: CALL IBWRT(SCOPE%,CMD$)

STOP, *TRG, TRIG_MODE, WAIT

ARM_ACQUISITION, ARM

Command

64 ISSUED: January 2002 L TXXX-RCM-E Rev B

Remote Control Commands and Queries

ACQUISITION

DE SCRIPTIO N

COMMAND SYN TAX

QUE R Y SYN TAX

RESPONSE FORMAT

AVAILABILITY

ATTENUATION, ATTN

Command/Query

TheATTENUATION command selects the vertical attenuation factor of the probe .Values of 1, 2, 5, 10, 20, 25, 50, 100, 200, 500, 1000 or 10000 can be specified.

The ATTENUATION? query returnstheattenuation factor of the spe c ified chann e l.

<channel> : ATTeNuation <attenuation> <channel> : = { C1, C2, C3, C4, EX, EX10}

<attenuation> : = { 1, 2, 5, 10, 20, 25, 50, 100, 200, 500, 1000, 10000}

<channel> : ATTeNuation?

<channel> : ATTeNuation < attenuation>

<channel> : { C3, C4} available only on four-channel Waverunner oscillosco p es.

EXAMPLE (GPIB) Thef ollowing sets to 100 t heattenuationf actor of Channel1:

CMD$=“C1:ATTN 100”: CALL IBWRT(SCOPE%,CMD$)

LTXXX-RCM-E RevB ISSUED: January 2002 65

P ART T WO: COMMANDS

MISCELLANEOUS

DE SCRIPTIO N

COMMAND SYN TAX

QUE R Y SYN TAX Auto_CALibrate?

RESPONSE FORMAT

TheAUTO_CALIBRATE command is used to enable or disable the au toma tic calibration of you r Wave runn er oscilloscop e .At power-up, au to-calib ration is turned ON, i.e.all input chann els are periodic a lly calib ratedfor the current inpu t amp lifier and timeba sesettings.

The automa tic calibration can be disab le dby issuing the command ACAL OFF. Whenever convenient, a *CAL? query may be issued to fully calibra te the oscillosco p e. When the oscilloscop eis returne d to local control, the periodic calibrations are resumed.

The response to the AUTO_CALIBRATE? query indicates whether au to-calib ration is ena b le d .

Auto_CALibrate <state> <state> : = { ON, OFF}

Auto_CALibrate <state>

AUTO_CALIBRATE, ACAL

Command/Query

EXAMPLE (GPIB) The following disables auto-calibration:

CMD$=“ACAL OFF”: CALL IBWRT(SCOPE%,CMD$)

RE L ATED COMMAN DS

*CAL?

66 ISSUED: January 2002 L TXXX-RCM-E Rev B

Remote Control Commands and Queries

DISPL AY

DE SCRIPTIO N

COMMAND SYN TAX

QUE R Y SYN TAX Auto_SCRoll?

RESPONSE FORMAT

TheAUTO_SCROLL command and query controls the Auto Scroll feature, accessed through the front panel using the MATH SETUP button and ZOOM + MATH menus. This automatically moves the selected trace (or all traces if multi-zoom is on) across the screen. The command turns the scroll on and off and sets the scrolling speed in divisions per second, and the query returns the current scroll rate.

Auto_SCRoll < action> ,<mode>,< speed> <action> := { PLAY, REVERSE, STOP} <mode>:={DIV_S, DIV_U} <speed>:=0.01to10.00forDIV_Umode;

0.10 to 10.00 for DIV_S mod e .

Auto_SCRoll < action> ,<mode>,< speed>

AUTO_SCROLL, ASCR

Command/Query

EXAMPLE (GPIB) The following activates Auto Scroll and start scrolling the data to the

rightatarateof2s/div.:

CMD$=“ASCR PLAY,DIV_S,2”: CALL IBWRT(SCOPE%,CMD$)

RE L ATED COMMAN DS

LTXXX-RCM-E RevB ISSUED: January 2002 67

MULTI_ZOOM, HOR_MAGNIFY, HOR_POSITION

P ART T WO: COMMANDS

ACQUISITION

DE SCRIPTIO N

COMMAND SYN TAX

AUTO_SETUP, ASET

Command

TheAUTO_SETUP comma n d attemp ts to disp la ythe inpu t signa l( s)by adjusting the vertical, timebase and trigger parameters. AUTO-SETUP operates only on the channels whose traces are currently turned on. If no traces are turned on, AUTO_SETUP operates on all channels and turns on all of the traces.

If signals are detected on several channels, the low est numbered channel with a signal determines the selection of the timebase and trigger source.

If only one input channel is turned on, the timebase will be adjusted for that channel.

The < channel> : AUTO_SETUP FIND command adjusts gain and offset only for the specified channel.

<channel> : Auto_SETup [FIND] <channel> : = { C1, C2, C3, C4}

If the FIND keyw ord is present, gain and offset adjustments will be performed only on the specified channel. In this case, if no <channel> prefix is added, then an auto-setup will be performed on the channel used on the last ASET FIND remote command. In the absence of the FIND keyword, the normal auto-setup w ill be performed, regardless of the <cha nn el> pre fix.

AVAILABILITY <channel> : = { C3, C4} only on four-channel Waverunner

oscillosco p es.

EXAMPLE The following instructs the oscilloscope to perform an auto-setup:

CMD$=“ASET”: CALL IBWRT(SCOPE%,CMD$)

68 ISSUED: January 2002 L TXXX-RCM-E Rev B

Remote Control Commands and Queries

ACQUISITION

DE SCRIPTIO N

COMMAND SYN TAX

QUE R Y SYN TAX BandWidth_Limit?

BANDWIDTH_LIMIT ena bles or disable sthe bandwidth-limiting lowpa ssfilter. When Global_BWL (se epa g e136) is on, the BWL comma n d applies to all channels; when off, the command is used to set the bandw idth individually for each channel. The response to the BANDWIDTH_LIMIT? query indicates whether the bandwidth filters areonor off.

BandWidth_Limit < mode> Or, alternatively , to choose the bandwidth limit of an individual

channel or channels whe n Global_BWL is off:

BandWidth_Limit <channel>,<mode>[,<channel>,<mode> [,< channel>,<mode>[,<channel> ,<mode>]]]

<mode> : = { OFF, ON, 200MHZ}

BANDWIDTH_LIMIT, BWL

Command/Query

<channel> : = { C1, C2, C3, C4}

RESPONSE FORMAT When Global_BWL is on, or if Globa l_BWL is off and all four chann els

havethe sameban d width limit, the respo n seis: BandWidth_Limit < mode> Or, alternatively , if at least two cha n n e ls havetheir bandwidth limit

filters set differently from one another, the response is:

BandWidth_Limit <channel>,<mode>[,<channel>,<mode> [,< channel>,<mode>[,<channel> ,<mode>]]]

AVAILABILITY { C3, C4} : Available only on four-channel models.

EXAMPLE The following turns on the bandwidth filter for all channels, when

Global_BWL is on (as it is by default):

CMD$=“BWL ON”: CALL IBWRT(SCOPE%,CMD$)

LTXXX-RCM-E RevB ISSUED: January 2002 69

P ART T WO: COMMANDS

The following turns the bandwidth filter on for Channel 1 only (the first turns off Global_BWL):

CMD$=“GBWL OFF”: CALL IBWRT(SCOPE%,CMD$) CMD$=“BWL C1,ON”: CALL IBWRT(SCOPE%,CMD$) CMD$=“GBWL OFF”: CALL IBWRT(SCOPE%,CMD$) CMD$=“BWL C1,ON”: CALL IBWRT(SCOPE%,CMD$)

RE L ATED COMMAN DS

GLOBAL_BWL

70 ISSUED: January 2002 L TXXX-RCM-E Rev B

Remote Control Commands and Queries

MISCELLANEOUS

DE SCRIPTIO N

TheBUZZER command controls the built-in piezo-electric buzze r. This isuseful for attracting t heattentionof alocaloperator in an interactive working application. The buzzer can either be activated for short beeps (about 400 ms long in BE EP mode) or continuously for a certain time interval you select by turning the buzzer ON or OFF.

: T his command is only able to be used in oscilloscopes

NNOOTTEE:

BUZZER, BUZZ

Command

fitted with the CL BZ hard option.

COMMAND SYN TAX

EXAMPLE (GPIB) Sendin gthe following will causethe oscilloscop eto sound two short

BUZZer <state> <state> : = { BEEP, ON, OFF}

tones.

CMD$=“BUZZ BEEP;BUZZ BEEP”: CALL IBWRT(SCOPE%,CMD$)

LTXXX-RCM-E RevB ISSUED: January 2002 71

P ART T WO: COMMANDS

MISCELLANEOUS

DE SCRIPTIO N

QUE R Y SYN TAX *CAL?

RESPONSE FORMAT

EXAMPLE (GPIB) The following forces a self-calibration:

The*CAL? que rycaus e s the oscilloscopeto perform aninternal selfcalibration and generates a response that indicates whe ther or not your Waverunner oscilloscope completed the calibration without error. This internal calibration sequence is the same as that which occurs at powerup. At the end of the calibration, after the response has indicated how the calibra tion terminated , the oscilloscopereturns to the state it wa s in just prior to the calibration cycle .

*CAL <diagnostics> <diagnostics> : = 0 or other

0 = Calibration successful

CMD$=“*CAL?”: CALL IBWRT(SCOPE%,CMD$): CALL IBRD(SCOPE%,RD$): PRINT RD$

*CAL?

Query

Response message(if no failure): *CAL 0

RE L ATED COMMAN DS AUTO_CALIBRATE

72 ISSUED: January 2002 L TXXX-RCM-E Rev B

Remote Control Commands and Queries

MISCELLANEOUS

DE SCRIPTIO N

COMMAND SYN TAX

QUE R Y SYN TAX Cal_OUTput?

RESPONSE FORMAT

EXAMPLE (GPIB) The following sets the calibration signa l to give a 0–0.2 volt pulseof

TheCAL_OUTPUT command is used to set the type of signal put out at the Waverunner front panel CAL connector.

Cal_OUTput <mode>[,< level> [,<rate>]] <mode> : = { CALSQ, LEVEL}

<level> : = −1.0to1.00Vinto1MΩ <rate> : = 500 Hz to 1 MHz.

Cal_OUTput <mode>,<level>[,<rate>]

25 ns width at a 10 kHz rate:

CMD$=“COUT PULSE,0.2 V,10 kHz”:

CAL_OUTPUT, COUT

Command/Query

CALL IBWRT(SCOPE%,CMD$)

ADDITIONAL IN FORMATION

NOTATION

CALSQ Provides a square signal LEVEL Provides a DC signal at the requ ested level

LTXXX-RCM-E RevB ISSUED: January 2002 73

P ART T WO: COMMANDS

DISPL AY

DE SCRIPTIO N

COMMAND SYN TAX Call_HoST <state>

QUE R Y SYN TAX

RESPONSE FORMAT

TheCALL_HOST comma n d allow s you to manu a llyge n e ra te a service reque st (SRQ). Once the CAL L_HOST command has been rece ived , the message “Call Host” will be displayed next to the lowest button on the menu-button column immediately next to the screen. Pressing this button while in the root menu sets the User R equest status Register (URR) and the URQ bit of the E vent Status Register. This can generate a SRQ in local mode, provided the service requ est mechanism has bee n enabled.

The response to the CALL_HOST? query indicates whether CAL L HOST is enabled (on) or disabled (off).

<state> : = { ON, OFF}

Call_HoST?

Call_HoST <state>

CALL_HOST, CHST

Command/Query

EXAMPLE (GPIB) After executing the following an SRQ request will be gene rated

whenever the button is pressed (it is assumed that SRQ servicing has already been enabled):

CMD$=“CHST ON”: CALL IBWRT(SCOPE%,CMD$)

RE L ATED COMMAN DS

URR

74 ISSUED: January 2002 L TXXX-RCM-E Rev B

Remote Control Commands and Queries

FUN CTION

DE SCRIPTIO N

COMMAND SYN TAX

EXAMPLE (GPIB) ThefollowingclearsthememoryM2.

RE L ATED COMMAN DS STORE

TheCLEAR_MEMORY command clears the specified memory. Data previously stored in this memory are erased and memory space is returnedto thefreememorypool.

CLear_Memory < memory> <memory> : = { M1, M2, M3, M4}

CMD$=“CLM M2”: CALL IBWRT(SCOPE%,CMD$)

CLEAR_MEMORY, CLM

Command

LTXXX-RCM-E RevB ISSUED: January 2002 75

P ART T WO: COMMANDS

FUN CTION

DE SCRIPTIO N

COMMAND SYN TAX CLear SWeeps

EXAMPLE (GPIB) The following example will restart the cumulative processing:

RE L ATED COMMAN DS DEFINE, INR

TheCLEAR_SWEEPS command restarts the cumulative processing functions: summed or continuous average, extrema, FFT power average, histogram, pulse parameter statistics, Pass/ Fail counters, and persistence.

CMD$=“CLSW”: CALL IBWRT(SCOPE%,CMD$)

CLEAR_SWEEPS, CLSW

Command

76 ISSUED: January 2002 L TXXX-RCM-E Rev B

Remote Control Commands and Queries

STATUS

DE SCRIPTIO N

COMMAND SYN TAX

EXAMPLE (GPIB) The following causes all the status data registers to be cleared:

RE L ATED COMMAN DS ALL_STATUS, CMR, DDR, *ESR, EXR, *STB, URR

The*CLS command clears allstatusdata registers.

*CLS

CMD$=“*CLS”: CALL IBWRT(SCOPE%,CMD$)

*CLS

Command

LTXXX-RCM-E RevB ISSUED: January 2002 77

P ART T WO: COMMANDS

STATUS

DE SCRIPTIO N

QUE R Y SYN TAX CMR?

RESPONSE FORMAT

EXAMPLE (GPIB) The following reads the contents of the CMR register:

RE L ATED COMMAN DS ALL_STATUS?, *CLS

TheCMR? query reads and clears the contents of the CoMmand error Register (CMR) — see table next page — which specifies the last syntax error typede tecte d by your Waverun n e r oscillos cop e.

CMR <value> <value> : = 0to13

CMD$=“CMR?”: CALL IBWRT(SCOPE%,CMD$): CALL IBRD(SCOPE%,RSP$): PRINT RSP$

CMR?

Query

78 ISSUED: January 2002 L TXXX-RCM-E Rev B

ADDITIONAL IN FORMATION

COMMAND ERROR STATUS REGISTER STRUCTURE (CMR)

Value Description

1 Unrecognized command/query header 2 Illega l hea der path 3 Illega l numb e r 4 Illegal number suffix 5 Unrecognized keyw ord 6Stringerror 7 GE T embedded in another message

10 Arbitrary data block expected

Remote Control Commands and Queries

11 Non-digit character in byte count field of arbitrary data block 12 E OI detected during definite length data block transfer 13 Extra bytes detected during definite length data block transfer

LTXXX-RCM-E RevB ISSUED: January 2002 79

P ART T WO: COMMANDS

DISPL AY

DE SCRIPTIO N

COMMAND SYN TAX

COLOR, COLR

Command/Query

TheCOLOR command is used to select the color of an individual display object such as text, trace, grid or cursor.

The response to the COL OR? query indicates the color assigned to each display object, whether or not it is currently displayed.

: T his command is only effective if the color scheme

NNOOTTEE:

(CSCH) is chosenfro mthe user schem es U1 , U2, U3 or U4.

COLoR < object, color>[,...< object>,<color> ] <object>:= {BACKGND,C1,C2,C3,C4,TA,TB,TC,TD,GRID,

TEXT,CUR SOR, NE UTRAL, WA RNING} , <color> : = { WHITE, CYAN, YELLOW, GREEN, MAGENTA,

BLUE, RED, LTGRAY, GRAY, SLGRAY, CHGRAY, DKCYAN, CREAM, SAND, AMBER, OLIVE, LTGEEN, JADE, LMGREEN, APGREEN, EMGREEN, GRGREEN, OCSPRAY , ICEBLUE, PASTBLUE, PALEBLUE, SKYBLUE, ROYLBLUE , DEEPBLUE, NAVY, PLUM, PURPLE, AMETHYST, FUCHSIA, RASPBRY, NEONPINK, PALEPINK, PINK, VERMIL, ORANGE, CERISE, KHAKI, BROWN, BLACK}

QUE R Y SYN TAX COLoR?

RESPONSE FORMAT

EXAMPLE (GPIB) The following selects color scheme U1, and then red as the color of

RE L ATED COMMAN DS COLOR_SCHEME, PERSIST_COLOR

COLoR <object>,< color> [,...<object>,<color> ]

Channel 1:

CMD$=“CSCH U1”: CALL IBWRT(SCOPE%,CMD$) CMD$=“COLR C1,RED”: CALL IBWRT(SCOPE%,CMD$)

80 ISSUED: January 2002 L TXXX-RCM-E Rev B

Remote Control Commands and Queries

ADDITIONAL IN FORMATION

NOTATION

<color> Color <color> Color

WHITE White OCSPRAY OceanSpray

CYAN

Cyan

ICEBLUE

IceBlue

YELLOW Yellow PASTBLUE Pastel Blue GREEN Green PALEBLUE Pale Blue

MAGENTA

Magenta

SKYBLUE

SkyBlue

BLUE Blue ROYLBLUE RoyalBlue RED Red DEEPBLUE DeepBlue

LTGRAY

LightGray

NAVY

Navy

GRAY Gray PLUM Plum SLGRAY Slate Gray PURPLE Purple

CHGRAY

Charcoal Gray

AMETHYST

Amethyst

DKCYAN DarkCyan FUCHSIA Fuchsia CREAM Cream RASPB Raspberry

SAND

Sand

NEONPINK

Neon Pink

AMBER Amber PALEPINK Pale Pink OLIVE Olive PINK Pink

LTGREEN

Light Green

VERMIL

Vermilion

JADE Ja de ORANGE Orange LMGREEN Lime Green CERISE Cerise

APGREEN

LTXXX-RCM-E RevB ISSUED: January 2002 81

Apple Green

KHAKI

Khaki

P ART T WO: COMMANDS

EMGREEN GRGREEN Grass Green BLACK Blac k

BACKGND Background CURSOR cursors

C1..C4 TA..TD Function Traces NEUTRAL Neutral color

GRID Grid lines OVERLAYS

Emerald Green

Channel Traces

BROWN

WARNING

Brown

W a rning Messag es

Menu background color in FULL SCREEN

82 ISSUED: January 2002 L TXXX-RCM-E Rev B

Remote Control Commands and Queries

DISPL AY

DE SCRIPTIO N

COMMAND SYN TAX

QUE R Y SYN TAX

RESPONSE FORMAT

EXAMPLE (GPIB) The following sele cts the user color schem eU2:

TheCOLOR_SCHEME command is used to select the color scheme for thedisplay.

The response to the COLOR_SCHEME? query indicates the color schem ein use.

Color_SCHeme <scheme> <scheme> : = { 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, U1, U2, U3, U4}

Color_SCHeme?

Color_SCHeme <scheme>

CMD$=“CSCH U2”: CALL IBWRT(SCOPE%,CMD$)

COLOR_SCHEME, CSCH

Command/Query

RE L ATED COMMAN DS COLOR, PERSIST_COLOR

LTXXX-RCM-E RevB ISSUED: January 2002 83

P ART T WO: COMMANDS

COMMUN ICAT ION

DE SCRIPTIO N

COMMAND SYN TAX

QUE R Y SYN TAX Comm_ForMaT?

TheCOMM_FORMAT command selects the format the oscilloscope uses to send waveform data. The available options allow the block format, the data type and the encoding mode to be modified from the default settings.

The COMM_FORMAT? query returns the currently selected waveform data format.

Comm_ForMaT <block_format>,< data_type>,< encoding> <block_format> : = { DEF9, IND0, OFF}

<data_type> : = { BYTE, WORD} <encoding> : = { BIN, HEX}

(GPIB uses both encoding forms, RS-232-C alway s uses HEX) Initial settings (i.e . after power-on) are:

ForGPIB: DEF9, WORD, BIN For RS-232-C: DEF9, WORD, HEX

COMM_FORMAT, CFMT

Command/Query

RESPONSE FORMAT

EXAMPLE (GPIB) The following redefines the transmission format of waveform data. The

ADDITIONAL IN FORMATION Bloc kFormat

DEF9: Uses the IEEE 488.2 definite length arbitrary block response data

Comm_ForMaT < block_format>,< data_type >,<encoding>

data w ill be transmitted as a block of indefinite length. Data w ill be codedinbinaryandrepresentedas8-bitintegers.

CMD$=“CFMT IND0,BYTE,BIN”: CALL IBWRT(SCOPE%,CMD$)

format. The digit 9 indicates that the byte count consists of 9 digits. The data blockdirectly follows the byte count field .

For example, a data block consisting of three data bytes would be sent as:

84 ISSUED: January 2002 L TXXX-RCM-E Rev B

Remote Control Commands and Queries

WF DAT1,#9000000003<DAB><DAB><DAB> where < DAB> represents an eight-bit binary data byte.

IND0: Uses the IEEE 488.2 indefinite length arbitrary block response data

format. A < NL^END> (newline w ith E OI) signifies that block transmission

has ended. The same data bytes as above would be sent as: WF DAT1,#0<DAB><DAB><DAB><NL^END>

OFF: Same as IND0. In addition, the data block type identifier and the

leading # 0 of the indefinite length block will be suppressed. The data presented above would be sent as:

WF <DAB><DAB><DAB><NL^END>

: T he format OF F does not conform to the IE E E 488.2

NNOOTTEE:

standard and is only pr o v id ed forspecial applicatio n s wh ere the abso lute min im umof data transfermaybe im p o r tan t.

Data Type

BYTE: Transmits the waveform data as eight-bit signed integers (one byte). WORD: Transmits the wa veform data as 16-bit signed integers (two bytes).

: T he data type BYT E transmits only the high-order bits

NNOOTTEE:

of the internal 16-bit representation. T he precision contained in th elow-orderbits is los t.

Encoding

BIN: Binary encoding (GPIB only) HEX: Hexade cimal encoding (bytes are converted to 2 hexadecimal ASCII

digits (0, ...9, A, ...F))

RE L ATED COMMAN DS

LTXXX-RCM-E RevB ISSUED: January 2002 85

WAVEFORM

P ART T WO: COMMANDS

COMMUN ICAT ION

DE SCRIPTIO N

NNOOTTEE:

that just after po wer -on , is SHORT.

: The default for m at, i.e.

COMM_HEADER, CHDR

Command/Query

TheCOMM_HEADER command controls the wa y the oscilloscope formats responses to queries. There are three response formats: LON G, in which responses start with the long form of the header word; SHORT, where responses start with the short form of the header word; and OFF, for which headers are omitted from the response and suffix units in numbers are suppressed.

Unless you request otherwise, the SHOR T response format is used.

This command does not affect the interpretation of messages sent to the oscillosco p e. Head e rs can be sent in their longor short form regardless of theCOMM_HEADER setting.

Querying the vertical sensitivity of Channel 1 may result in one of the follow ing respon se s:

COMM_HEADER

LONG C1:VOLT_DIV 200E-3 V SHORT C1:VDIV 200E-3 V OFF 200E-3

RESPONSE

COMMAND SYN TAX

QUE R Y SYN TAX Comm_HeaDeR?

RESPONSE FORMAT

EXAMPLE (GPIB) The following code sets the response header format to SHORT:

RE L ATED COMMAN DS

Comm_HeaDeR < mode>

<mode> : = { SHORT, LONG, OFF}

Comm_HeaDeR < mode>

CMD$=“CHDR SHORT”: CALL IBWRT(SCOPE%,CMD$)

COMM_HELP_LOG

86 ISSUED: January 2002 L TXXX-RCM-E Rev B

Remote Control Commands and Queries

COMMUN ICAT ION

DE SCRIPTIO N

COMMAND SYN TAX

COMM_HELP, CHLP

Command/Query

The COMM_HELP command controls the level of operation of the diagnostics utility Remote Control Assistant (see the W averunne r Operator’s Manual), which assists in debugging remote control progra ms . Sele cted using your W a v erunne r oscilloscop e’s front pane l (see the Operator’s Manual), Remote Control A ssistant can log all message transactions occurring betw ee n the external controller and the oscillosco p e. You can view the log at any time on-screen and can choose from four levels:

OFF EO

Comm_HeLP < level> <level> : = { OFF, EO, FD, RS,}

Don'tassistatall. Log detected E rrors Only (default after pow er-on). Log the Full Dialog betwee n the controller and the

oscillosco p e.

R S

LogtheFullDialogandsendittoarecordingdevice connected to the RS232 port.

The default level (i.e. the level just after power-on) is E O.

QUE R Y SYN TAX

RESPONSE FORMAT

EXAMPLE (GPIB) After sending this command, all the following commands and responses

RE L ATED COMMAN DS COMM_HELP_LOG

LTXXX-RCM-E RevB ISSUED: January 2002 87

Comm_HeLP?

Comm_HeLP < level>

w ill be logg e d :

CMD$=“CHLP FD”: CALL IBWRT(SCOPE%,CMD$)

P ART T WO: COMMANDS

COMMUN ICAT ION

DE SCRIPTIO N

QUE R Y SYN TAX

RESPONSE FORMAT

EXAMPLE (GPIB) The following reads the remote control log and prints it:

RE L ATED COMMAN DS COMM_HELP

TheCOMM_HELP_LOG query returns the current contents of the log generated bytheR emoteControlAssistant (seeCHLP description). If the optional parameter CLR is specified , the log will be cleare d after the transmission. Otherwise , it will be kept.

Comm_HeLP_Log? [CLR]

Comm_Help_Log < string containingthe logged text>

CMD$=“CHL?”: CALL IBWRT(SCOPE%,CMD$)PRINT

COMM_HELP_LOG?, CHL?

Query

88 ISSUED: January 2002 L TXXX-RCM-E Rev B

Remote Control Commands and Queries

COMMUN ICAT ION

DE SCRIPTIO N

COMMAND SYN TAX

COMM_ORDER, CORD

Command/Query

TheCOMM_ORDER command controls the byte order of waveform data transfers. Wave form data can be sent w ith the most significant byte (MSB) or the least significant byte (LSB) in the first position. The default mode is to send the MSB first. COMM_ORDER ap p lie s equ a llyto the w aveform’s descriptor and time blocks. In the descriptor some values are 16 bits long (“word”), 32 bits long (“long” or “float”), or 64 bits long (“double”). In the time block all values are floating values, i.e. 32 bits long. When COMM_ORDER HI is spe cified , the MSB is sent first; when COMM_ORDER LO is spe c ified,the LSB is sent first.

The COMM_ORDER? query returnsthebyte transmissionorder in current use.

Comm_ORDer < mode> <mode> : = { HI, LO}

: Th e initial mo de, i.e. the modeafter power -on , is HI.

NNOOTTEE:

QUE R Y SYN TAX

RESPONSE FORMAT

EXAMPLE The order of transmission of waveform data depends on the data type.

LTXXX-RCM-E RevB ISSUED: January 2002 89

Comm_ORDer?

Comm_ORDer < mode>

The following tableillustrates the different possibilities:

P ART T WO: COMMANDS

TYPE CORD HI CORD LO Wor d <MSB><LSB> <LSB><MSB> Long or F loat <MSB><byte2><byte3><LSB> <LSB><byte3><byte2><MSB> Double <MSB><byte2>...< byte7><LSB> <LSB><byte7> ...<byte2> <MSB>

RE L ATED COMMAN DS

WAVEFORM

90 ISSUED: January 2002 L TXXX-RCM-E Rev B

Remote Control Commands and Queries

COMMUN ICAT ION

DE SCRIPTIO N

TheCOMM_RS232 comma n d sets the pa ra meters of the RS-232-C port for remote control.

The COMM_RS232? query reports the settings of the parameters.

NNOOTTEE:

: T his command and query is only valid when you control

COMM_RS232, CORS

Command/Query

the oscilloscope remotely using the Waverunner RS-232-C port.

PARAME T E RS

End Input characte r: Whe n receive d by the oscillo sco p e, this cha racte r is interpre ted as the

END-of-a-command message marker. The commands received will be parsed and executed.

End Output string: The oscilloscope adds this string at the end of a response message.

When the host computer receives this string, it knows that the oscillosco p ehas comple tedits respo nse.

Line L ength: This parameter defines the maximum number of characters sent to the

host in a single line. Remaining characters of the response are output in sep arate ad dition a l lines . This pa ram e te r is only ap p lica b le if a line separator has been selected.

Line Sepa rator: This parameter is use d to selec t the line-splitting mec ha n ism and to

de fine the charac ters used to split the oscillosco p e resp on se mes sa g es into many line s. Possible line sep arators are: CR, LF, CRLF. <CR> , <LF> or <CR> followed by < L F> . These are sent to the host computer after < line_length> characters.

SRQ string: This string is sent each time the oscillosco p esigna ls an SRQ to the

host computer.

Some COMM_RS232 pa rame ters req uire ASCII strings as a c tual argu me nts. In order to facilitate the emb e ddin g of non-printable characters into such strings, esca pe sequ en ces can be used. The back-slash character (‘\’) is used as an escape character. The following escape seque nces are re c ogn i z ed:

LTXXX-RCM-E RevB ISSUED: January 2002 91

P ART T WO: COMMANDS

“\a”: “\b”: “\e”: “\n”: “\r”: “\t”: “\\”: “\ddd”:

Before usingthe string, the oscilloscop ewill rep la cethe escape sequence by the corresponding ASCII character.

For ex a m p le, the escap eseq u ences “\r”, “\13” and“\013” are all replaced by the single ASCII character < Carriage Return> .

Bell character Bac kspa c echaracter Escape character Line feed character Carriagereturn character Horizontaltabcharacter The back-slash character itself Represents one to three decimal digit characters giving

the code value of the corresponding ASCII character. This allows any ASCII codein the rang e1 to 127 to be inse rted.

NOTATION

EI EO LL LS SRQ

End input character End output string Line length Line separator SRQ se rvicerequ e s t

92 ISSUED: January 2002 L TXXX-RCM-E Rev B

Remote Control Commands and Queries

COMMAND SYN TAX

COmm_RS232 EI,<ei_char>,EO,‘<eo_string> ’,LL,<line_len g th>,LS, <Line_sep>,SRQ,‘<srq_string>’

<ei_char> : = 1 to 126 (de fau lt: 13 = CarriageReturn) <eo_string> : = A non-empty ASCII string of up to 20 characters

(defau l t: “\n\r”) <line_leng th> : = 40 to 1024 (default: 256) <line_sep> : = { OFF, CR, LF, CRLF} (default:OFF) <srq_string> : = An ASCII string of upt o 20 characterswhich may

be empty (default: empty string)

QUE R Y SYN TAX COmm_RS232?

RESPONSE FORMAT

COmm_RS232 EI,<ei_char>,EO,“p <eo_string> ”,LL,<line_len g th>, LS,<line_sep>,SRQ,“<srq_string>”

EXAMPLE After executing thecommand

COMM_RS232 EI,3,EO, “\r\nEND\r\n”

the oscilloscope will assumethat it hasreceiv e da complete mes sa g e each time the <E TX> (decimal value 3) is detected. Response messages will be terminated by sending the character sequence “<CR><LF>END<CR><LF>”.

LTXXX-RCM-E RevB ISSUED: January 2002 93

Lecroy waverunner 2 schematic

Specifications and Main Features

Frequently Asked Questions

User Manual