IMPORTANT! Use of the instrument and manual implies acceptance of the clauses
The content of this manual is based on the Software release 0.9
This manual is periodically updated. The updates shall be included in the new
releases of the Software.
Information supplied in this manual may be subject to modifications before the
products described become available.
This manual may contain information or references relating to certain
bioMérieux S.A. products, software or services which are not available in the
country of release; this shall not mean that bioMérieux S.A. intends to market
such products, software or services in such country
To request copies of publications or for any technical request, contact
bioMérieux S.A. or your local distributor.
below and the clauses set out in the regulatory booklet. Users are invited
to refer to these clauses.
DANGER! To ensure user safety, the instrument must be used in accordance with
this manual.
Trademarks
bioMérieux, the blue logo, 3P, airIDEAL and Count-Tact are used, pending
and/or registered trademarks belonging to bioMérieux S.A. or one of its
subsidiaries.
Any other name or trademark is the property of its respective owner.
How to obtain a good quality sample ...................................................................................................... 4-2
Precautions of use.............................................................................................................................4-2
Sampling in manual mode.................................................................................................................4-3
Incubation and reading......................................................................................................................4-3
Sampling plan ......................................................................................................................................... 4-4
Recording and evaluating results............................................................................................................4-5
Using the reading table ........................................................................................................................... 7-1
Information on FELLER’s law .................................................................................................................7-2
Figure 3-2: Screwing on the sampling grid................................................................................... 3-5
I-4 airIDEAL
®
3P™ Traceability AeroBioCollector User's Manual
1 How to use this manual
IMPORTANT! Please read the "General safety and regulatory information" booklet
provided with the instrument.
Finding topics and procedures
This manual is divided into 7 chapters.
Table of contents
List of figures
The table of contents of the manual is located on pages I-1 to I-3.
It lists each chapter and the procedures within each chapter.
The list of figures for the manual is located on page I-4.
Warnings
Different types of warnings are used throughout the manual:
- for safety reasons (DANGER!),
- to ensure that the instruments are maintained in good working condition
(CAUTION!),
- for regulatory reasons (WARNING!) or,
- for optimum performance of operations, procedures, etc. (IMPORTANT!).
Page headers and
page footers
Notes
Apart from the first page of every chapter, each page of the manual includes a
page header and a footer.
Each page header includes the chapter title and the title of a procedure or its
corresponding description.
The footers contain the title of the manual, the name of the product and the
page number.
This manual contains a certain number of notes that are used to emphasize a
procedure or certain information.
airIDEAL 3P Traceability, instrument used to collect and count viable bacterial
and fungal particles in a known and precise volume of air.
Number of Colony Forming Units read on the agar plate.
The number of CFU corresponds to the number of clusters that have grown on
the agar.
Time between pressing the
Lithium ion
Most Probable Number of micro-organisms collected. Statistical correction of
the CFU value (FELLER’s law).
Roughness factor of a surface. It is the arithmetic mean of all profile deviations,
positive or negative, compared to the mean line.
Remote control containing the user interface.
Perforated and calibrated plastic device. The number of orifices, their diameter
and arrangement, guarantee a CFU count (positive clusters) and a flow of air
corresponding to the motor setting.
“Pharmaceutical manufacturing evolves from an art to a science”.
This sentence alone from the FDA Guideline “Pharmaceutical cGMP for the 21st
century – A Risk-Based Approach” summarizes the current revolution in the
Pharmaceutical industry.
Conscious of these changes and remaining attentive to its customers,
bioMérieux decided to improve its airIDEAL 3P Traceability AeroBioCollector in
Principle of use
order to best respond to these new needs.
The instrument was thus developed and validated in order to provide a tool to
the pharmaceutical industry that would guarantee a scientifically proven method
of air sampling.
This instrument evidently remains perfectly suited to the enumeration of airborne
micro-organisms in less demanding work environments such as agribusiness.
In addition and in order to continue its universal application,
airIDEAL 3P Traceability is still available in two versions:
− one for the use of culture media in 90 mm diameter Petri dishes,
− the other designed for use with 65 or 70 mm plates.
The aspiration flow-rate of airIDEAL 3P Traceability is calibrated at 100 l/min
with an impact velocity of less than 20 m/s.
According to good sterilization practices, sampling grids can be sterilized in an
autoclave, see "Sterilization of grids" on page 3-3.
1
2
3
4
airIDEAL 3P Traceability can operate in 2 modes:
• Slave mode: using airIDEAL 3P Traceability with the RUID.
• Manual mode: autonomous operation using the keypad.
The present manual describes how to use the instrument in
manual mode; for use of the instrument in slave mode, please refer
to the RUID User Manual.
airIDEAL 3P Traceability is an impaction AeroBioCollector used to detect the
presence of viable micro-organisms in the environment to be tested, by precise
sampling of a given volume of air.
Air is taken up with a turbine through a grid surface. The acceleration of airflow
results in the impaction of airborne micro-organisms on the agar. Passage of the
air through the grid filters out particles, thereby facilitating the enumeration of
CFU (colony forming units) after incubation of the medium.
A reading and statistical correction table is used to convert the number of CFU
to the most probable number of micro-organisms collected per m
ir inlet
Micro-organisms
Impaction
Nutrient medium
90 or 65 mm diameter
Petri dishes
ir outlet
3
of air.
Calibrated orifice
ir jets
Figure 2-1: Principle of the impaction biocollector
Performance
The performance characteristics of an AeroBioCollector depend on its capacity
to collect micro-organisms in the air without compromising their viability during
impaction on the agar. This property can be obtained only with a perfect
compromise between the high aspiration velocity leading to effective collection,
and a sufficiently low impaction velocity to guarantee the revivification of
collected micro-organisms.
airIDEAL 3P Traceability was developed in close cooperation with aeraulics
experts in order to optimize this ratio.
Since the industry has increasing needs for scientifically proven methods,
bioMérieux commissioned two recognized independent organizations
*
to
validate the physical and biological efficiency of the instrument.
*
CETIAT: Centre Technique des Industries Aérauliques et Thermiques/Technical Center of Aeraulic and Thermal
Industries
Domaine Scientifique de la Doua, 69603 Villeurbanne, France
HPA : Health Protection Agency - Porton Down - Wiltshire SP4 0JG Salisbury - UK
Collection efficiency validated according to the ISO 14698 standard
airIDEAL 3P Traceability was third party validated by the Health Protection
Agency (UK) to meet the requirements of ISO 14698-1 for the control of clean
rooms. Both the physical and biological efficiencies of the equipment have been
validated according to this standard.
Physical efficiency testing approach
The physical efficiency of an air sampler for collecting airborne bacteria is
evaluated by comparison with a membrane filter sampler. Uniform particles of
different diameters containing bacterial spores of Bacillus subtilis var niger were
generated in a controlled room. The physical efficiency of the instrument was
determined by comparison with the membrane filtration standard operating sideby-side.
1
2
Biological efficiency testing approach
Air sampler inefficiency can either be due to a failure of the sampler to capture
particles containing micro-organisms (physical loss), or to inactivation of viable
micro-organisms during collection, so that formation of visible colonies on agar
will not occur (biological loss).
To address this point, airIDEAL3P Traceability was evaluated for recovery of a
mixture of Bacillus subtilis (standard indicator for physical loss) and
Staphylococcus epidermidis (standard indicator for biological loss).
The ratio of S. epidermidis / B. subtilis for the test samplers was divided by the
ratio obtained with the reference standard membrane filter sampler to give a
comparative biological efficiency.
In order to be used to test glove boxes, the design and materials of
airIDEAL 3P Traceability had to be entirely reviewed in order to optimize
system air tightness.
In addition and in order to guarantee the optimal operation of the instrument in
this application, the system underwent a complete validation in a glove box
(SKAN AG, model ARIS glove box).
Applications
airIDEAL 3P Traceability enables precise and reproducible air sampling.
The volumes taken can be set in 10 l steps up to a maximum volume of 2000 l.
This sampling range enables the instrument to be used in all types of
environments, from sterile zones to more contaminated surroundings and in all
applications, e.g. qualification of sterile rooms or daily monitoring.
airIDEAL 3P Traceability is adapted to all types of Petri dishes available on the
market: 65, 70 and 90 mm.
Moreover, the use of a large range of ready-to-use culture media – irradiated or
classic – developed and manufactured by bioMérieux, the reference in this field,
enables you to obtain the best possible performance from the instrument.
The media comply with specific industrial and hospital environmental controls.
Culture media for general use
− TSA 20 x 90 mm plates (product No. 43011) / GTS 100 x 90 mm plates
(product no. 43018 and product no. 43019)
− PCA agar 20 x 90 mm plates (product no. 43558)
− Sabouraud Dextrose agar 20 x 90 mm plates (product no. 43555)
− Sabouraud Dextrose Chloramphenicol agar 20 x 90 mm plates (product no.
43596)
− Count-Tact
− Count-Tact TSA agar 20 x 65 mm plates (product no. 43582)
− Count-Tact Sabouraud Dextrose Chloramphenicol agar 20 x 65 mm plates
(product no. 43580)
®
agar 20 x 65 mm plates (product no. 43501)
Irradiated media
− Irradiated GTS 3P agar 20 x 90 mm plates (product no. 43711)
− Irradiated GTS 3P agar 100 x 90 mm plates (product no. 43169)
− Irradiated GTS 3P agar with neutralizers 20 plates (product no. 43811)
− Irradiated GTS 3P agar with neutralizers 100 plates (product no. 43819)
− Irradiated Count-Tact 3P agar 20 x 65 mm plates (product no. 43691)
− Irradiated Count-Tact 3P agar 100 x 65 mm plates (product no. 43699)
− irradiated Sabouraud Dextrose agar 20 x 90 mm plates (product no. 43554)
− Irradiated Sabouraud Dextrose 3P agar with neutralizers 20 plates (product
no. 43814)
− Irradiated Sabouraud Dextrose Chloramphenicol agar 20 x 90 mm plates
(product no. 43595)
− Irradiated Count-Tact Sabouraud Dextrose 3P agar with neutralizers 20
plates (product no. 43812)
− Irradiated Count-Tact Sabouraud Dextrose Chloramphenicol agar with
neutralizers 20 x 65 mm plates (product no. 43581)
Possibility of sampling on 90 mm 65/70 mm diameter Petri dishes (specific
sampling grids and fixing strips).
User interface airIDEAL 3P Traceability can operate in 2 modes:
• Slave mode: using airIDEAL 3P Traceability with the RUID.
• Manual mode: autonomous operation using the keypad.
5 buttons for access to all airIDEAL 3P Traceability functions.
An LCD screen is used to program the instrument and follow its operation.
Messages are in English.
Additional information on instrument operation is given as audible signals.
A flashing indicator light indicates, from a distance, the status of the instrument:
− Green flashing indicator light: sampling in progress. The indicator light
changes to constant green when sampling is performed successfully. In
slave mode the green indicator light continues to flash until sampling is
stopped using the RUID.
− Slow flashing green indicator light: the battery is charging. The indicator light
changes to constant green as soon as the battery has been fully charged.
− Constant green indicator light: the instrument is powered on and ready to start
sampling in manual or slave mode.
− Flashing green/red indicator light: the battery is low.
− Flashing or constant red indicator light: a problem has occurred.
− Indicator light off: the instrument is powered off.
Possibility of stable sampling with the unit in four positions (see page 3-4).
Possibility of suspending airIDEAL 3P Traceability with a hook, especially in a
glove box.
Optionally, the instrument can be mounted on a telescopic tripod equipped with
a ball joint enabling the sampling axis to be orientated through an angle of 0° to
90° (from horizontal to vertical), and its height to be adjusted (between 0.7 and
WARNING! The user’s manual or instruction manual for an intentional or unintentional
WARNING! Industry Canada requirements:
radiator shall caution the user that changes or modifications not expressly
approved by the party responsible for compliance could void the user’s
authority to operate the equipment.
In cases where the manual is provided only in a form other than paper,
such as on a computer disk or over the Intern et, the information required
by this section may be included in the manual in that alternative form,
provided the user can reasonably be expected to have the capability to
access information in that form.
This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a
Class B digital device, pursuant to part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits
are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful
interference in a residential installation. This equipment generates uses
and can radiate radio frequency energy and, if not installed and used in
accordance with the instruction, may cause harmful interfer ence to radio
communications. However, there is no guarantee that interference will not
occur in a particular installation. If this equipment does cause harmful
interference to radio or television reception which can be determined by
turning the equipment off and on, the user is en couraged to try to correct
interference by one or more of the following measures:
• Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna.
• Increase the separation between the equipment and receiver.
• Connect the equipment into an outlet on circuit different from that to
which the receiver is connected.
• Consult the dealer or an experienced radio/TV technician for help.
RSS-Gen - General Requirements and Information for the Certification of
Radio Apparatus, Clause 7.1.2 statement:
Under Industry Canada regulations, this radio transmitter may only
operate using an antenna of a type and maximum (or lesser) gain
approved for the transmitter by Industry Canada. To reduce potential radio
interference to other users, the antenna type and its gain should be so
chosen that the equivalent isotropically radiated power (e.i.r.p.) is not
more than that necessary for successful communication.
RSS-Gen - General Requirements and Information for the Certification of
Radio Apparatus, Clause 7.1.3 statement:
This device complies with Industry Canada licence-exempt RSS
standard(s). Operation is subject to the following two conditions: (1) this
device may not cause interference, and (2) this device must accept any
interference, including interference that may cause undesired operation of
the device.
This device complies with FCC and Industry Canada RF radiation
exposure limits set forth for general population (uncontrolled exposure).
This device must not be collocated or operating in conjunction with any
other antenna or transmitter.
airIDEAL 3P Traceability is delivered with a set of 5 grids. They can be
sterilized by autoclaving at 134°C for 18 min.
Decontamination of the external part
bioMérieux has validated that the grid specifications and performance are not
altered after autoclaving up to:
- 40 times at 134°C for 18 minutes
- 200 times at 121°C for 20 minutes
After autoclaving 14 times or more, the grid may begin to turn yellow and may
become difficult to screw onto the instrument.
1
Decontamination of the air circuit
All the external parts of the instrument can be decontaminated with most of the
usual disinfectants at the usual effective concentration (hydrogen peroxide,
concentrated peracetic acid, bleach solution, 70% ethanol, quaternary
ammonium).
∗ Decontamination protocol:
• Spray twice with 70% isopropyl alcohol with the motor off: one spray at the
air inlet, the other at the outlet.
Decontamination in a glove box
• Allow to react for 15 minutes before using the instrument.
Decontamination of the instrument according to this protocol with ClearKlens
IPA (Johnson Diversey) has been validated.
A summary of this validation is available on request.
airIDEAL 3P Traceability was specially developed for use in production or
control glove boxes. The suitability of this instrument for use in glove boxes was
evaluated by the SKAN ag "Center of Competence for Isolator Technology".
∗ Two parameters were tested:
− The capacity of the instrument to withstand standard decontamination cycles
in glove boxes.
− The capacity of a standard decontamination cycle to disinfect the different
types of materials that compose the instrument.
A summary of this validation is available on request.
IMPORTANT! airIDEAL 3P Traceability is delivered with a hook for suspending it in a
glove box during decontamination phases. Even though sampling can be
done while suspended, it is preferable to position the instrument along the
axis of one-way flow at the air outlets. This con figuration is the worst ca se
scenario since the air sampled has swept the entire volume of the gl ove
box before emerging.
Do not obstruct the air outlet during use to respect operating parameters.
airIDEAL 3P Traceability operates self-sufficiently through a Lithium-ion battery
pack.
It can also run off the mains using the charger/adapter.
Operation on the battery
The microprocessor manages and displays the available autonomy at all times,
on the basis of a theoretical autonomy of 4 hours for sampling cycles of 1000
liters.
As soon as the flashing symbol appears, there are 20 minutes of
autonomous running remaining.
Immediately put the battery on charge; if a sampling cycle is in progress it will be
completed just the same.
A sampling cycle cannot start if its duration exceeds the remaining autonomy
displayed.
Low battery signals
∗ When the autonomy has expired, the following low battery signals are output:
Visual signal on the welcome message display:
STORED VOL: ZZZL
BATTERYLIFEXHXX
Flashing symbol
Visual signal on the sample in progress display:
Audible signal when the instrument is turned on: 2 lon g bee ps emitted eac h tim e
the instrument is powered on.
IMPORTANT! In slave mode, if the battery is low at the beginning of an analysis, the
operator is warned by a message displayed on the RUID (please r efer to
the remote control user manual).
• Use the charger supplied or one with the same specifications.
• During the charging phase, the instrument can be either switched on or
IMPORTANT! During sampling with airIDEAL 3P Traceability running off the mains, do
switched off.
• Connect the charger to the instrument jack connector after removing the
protection cap.
• Connect the charger to the power outlet.
The display indicates:
Charge
Battery
The normal time required to completely charge a discharged battery pack is 3
hours.
During the charging phase, it is possible to perform sampling with airIDEAL 3P Traceability running off the mains. The charging process will be suspended
during sampling and will restart automatically when sampling is finished.
not disconnect the instrument from the mains as there is a risk of it
switching off and the sampling cycle in progress would be definitively
lost.
1
2
3
∗ At the end of the operation,
IMPORTANT! If airIDEAL 3P Traceability is not used for more than 10 days, the battery
• Disconnect the charger from the the instrument jack connector.
• Install the protection cap.
• Check that the battery life displayed is again 4 hours.
must be totally recharged (3 hours).
4
5
Using airIDEAL 3P Traceability
Electrical power supply
Operation using mains pow er
Connection to the mains is carried out in the same way as for charging the
battery.
The display indicates:
Charge
Battery
• Press the <START> or <MENU> button to return to the welcome
message.
Then
• Press the <START> button to start (the volume sampled will be the last
recorded).
or,
• Select the sample volume by means of MENU1 or MENU2, and then start
by pressing the
∗ To turn off,
• Disconnect the charger from the Jack socket on the instrument.
IMPORTANT! During sampling with airIDEAL 3P Traceability running off the mains, do
not disconnect the instrument from the mains as there is a risk of it
switching off and the sampling cycle in progress would be definitively
lost.
<START> button.
Automatic standby
To preserve the battery life, the instrument automatically goes into standby
mode after 5 minutes of inactivity.
Pressing any key will reactivate the instrument.
The RUID can activate the instrument so that it is ready for sampling.
Automatic switch off
In manual or slave mode, the instrument switches off after 1 hour of inactivity.
While it is switched off, airIDEAL 3P Traceability cannot communicate with a
This menu is used to verify that the battery is still compliant with specifications of
new material (autonomy ≥ 4 hours).
The autonomy test can be performed using a volume chosen by the operator.
1000 liters is the reference volume for verifying that specifications have been
respected (4 hours of autonomy for 1000-liter samples).
If the volume generally used is, for example, 100 liters, then it is wiser to
perform the test on 100 liter volumes.
∗ To check battery autonomy:
− Note the autonomy displayed when the instrument is turned on.
− Using Menu 1, select a 1000 liter sample volume.
− Go to Menu 6.
• Press the <START> button to run the battery discharge cycle.
MENU
∗ To select menu 6,
• Press <MENU>7 times.
The display indicates:
MENU 6:AUT . TEST
BATTERYLIFE : XHXX
∗ The battery discharge cycle can be stopped as follows:
• Press <STOP>.
∗ To resume at a later time,
• Press <START>.
CAUTION! After stoppage of more than 5 minutes, the instrument goes into standby
mode and the sampling program is interrupted.
When the instrument is reactivated, the following message is displayed:.
The SAMPLE VOL display flashes during the sampling phase and the volume
counter is displayed.
− The last sample volume recorded is automatically displayed (shown as
A buzzer indicates the end of sampling (6 short buzzes) and the display returns
to the original message with automatic correction of the remaining battery life.
The indicator light changes to constant green. The instrument is free to perform
a new sampling cycle.
If a delayed start-up has been programmed, the display indicates:
∗
TIMED flashes during the count-down phase.
Note: The motor stops 2 liters before the total volume has been sampled.
ZZZL).
STORED_VOL:_ZZZL
BATTERYLIFE: XHXX
STORED VOL: ZZZL
TIMED : X Min YS
∗ Last sampling not terminated:
If the instrument was turned off during sampling, the following message appears
the next time the instrument is turned on:
The indicator light changes to flashing red.
CAUTION! In this case, the user will take all necessary precautions to deal with this
Note: It is always possible to stop a sampling operation under way by pressing
<START/STOP>.
If the motor is stopped during the program, i.e. during the delayed start-up
count-down phase or during the sampling phase, the value displayed freezes
and the display continues to flash.
STORED VOL: ZZZL
SAMPLE VOL: XL
∗ To resume sampling,
• Press <START/STOP>.
If the motor is restarted after being stopped during a program, the program will
resume from the point where it was stopped.
1
2
3
Note: If stoppage during sampling is more than 5 minutes, the instrument will go into standby
mode and the sampling program will not be able to resume.
When strictly followed, the procedure guarantees good quality sampling and
should include:
− Operators’ qualifications.
− Names of qualified operators.
− Hygiene of operators (clothes, hands, etc.).
− Protocol for disinfection of the AeroBioCollector.
− Detailed steps of the procedure.
4
5
Procedure
How to obtain a good quality sample
How to obtain a good quality sample
Precautions of use
• Check the condition of the instrument and sampling grid.
• When unscrewing and screwing on the sampling grid avoid touching the
perforated zone.
The choice of medium depends on the area to be controlled and the type of
micro-organism to be isolated.
The agar in 90 mm Petri dishes, must be at least 2.5 mm thick at the center and
have a flat surface. It should not present dehydration or humidity droplets.
• During sampling, avoid any unnecessary movement, do not pass in front of
the instrument or cough etc.
• Begin by collecting from low contaminated areas.
• Collect several samples in each zone in order to obtain results that can be
used for statistical studies.
• Clean the instrument after use and sterilize sampling grids.
• Recharge the battery if necessary.
• Place the instrument in its carrying case and store it in a suitable place.
The sampling plan must be drawn up very carefully and followed strictly. The
aim is to guarantee that the values obtained are comparable. Any discrepancy
between values should reveal a variation in aerobiocontamination.
A sampling plan must include:
− the critical points to be controlled
− the following must be mentioned for each point controlled:
• the time and frequency,
• the micro-organism(s) to be isolated,
• the media used,
• the revivification conditions,
• the sample volume,
• the number of samples per area controlled,
• the reference level and the alert level,
In practice, the alert level can be fixed at 3 times the reference level.
The following reading tables indicate the most probable number of microorganisms collected per plate (MPN collected) with respect to the number of
agglomerates of colonies counted on the agar (CFU read).
The MPN value is calculated from the CFU count, using FELLER’s law. This
statistical correction corresponds to the random passing of bacteria through the
orifices of the grid.
It quantifies for each « visited » orifice, (i.e. for each cluster counted) and as a
function of the total number of clusters counted, the most probable number of
bacteria which make up the cluster concerned, i.e. the number of bacteria
having passed through the same orifice.
The application of the statistical correction assumes that the CFU count on the
agar concerns the number of colony clusters, i.e. the number of orifices with a
positive impact, without distinguishing, within a given cluster, the number of
confluent colonies of which it is made up.
In order to determine the most probable number of micro-organisms
collected per cubic meter, the most probable number of micro-organisms
collected per plate (MPN collected) must be multiplied by 1000 and divided by
the volume sampled in liters.
MPN = most probable number of bacteria having passed through the orifices of
the grid
N= number of orifices on the grid.
CFU = colony forming units, value obtained by the laboratory.
In the case of a sampling grid for which the passage of a particle through a
given orifice of the grid is purely random, there is a probability that, during a
sampling cycle, several particles pass through the same orifice and are
therefore counted as a single and unique CFU, while other orifices are not
passed through by any particles.
The closer the CFU count obtained by the laboratory is to N, (total number of
orifices on the grid), the higher the probability is.
Moreover, the notion of probability density arises:
Example: for a given CFU value:
− there is a probability p2 that the same orifice is passed through by 2 particles
− there is a probability p3 that the same orifice is passed through by 3 particles
− there is a probability pi that the same orifice is passed through by i particles
etc…
The probability pi decreases as i increases.
It is therefore particularly relevant to apply the statistical correction using
FELLER’s law when high CFU values are read, i.e. close to N, i.e. in the case of
agar plates almost completely saturated with colonies.
IMPORTANT! In practice, and whenever possible, to minimize statistical correction , it is
recommended to adjust the sample volume so that the CFU count does
not exceed 100.