The VP415 is a professional Video Disc Drive for use
computerized audiovisual systems, involving a high
degree of interactivity.
The Drive
optical video discs, according to the LaserVision system
(PAL standard) and it has the capacity to handle
LV-ROM (LaserVision Read Only Memory) interactive
discs.
is
suitable for playback
of
pre-recorded
in
L\fRDM
The differences between /00, /05 and/35 are only related
to the ornamental plate
mainscord.
Version /00
= LV-ROM Disc Drive with Euro mainscord.
= BBC Domesday version with
/05
mainscord
/35
= /00 with
on
the front panel and to the
GB
mainscord
GB
Contents:
Chapter 1
Chapter 2 Remarks
Caution
"Use of controls or adjustments
procedures other than those specified here
in
hazardous ratliation exposure".
Safety regulations require that the set be restored to its original
condition and that parts which are identical with those specified
used.
Technical data
Controls, indicators, connections
Connector pinning
Warnings
Modification levels
Adjustments
Demounting instructions
Service hints
Service tools
List of used symbols
Connections of semiconductors
or
performance
in
may result
of
be
Chapter 3 Module- and connector
Chapter 4 Survey
Chapter 5 Exploded view drawings
Chapter 6 Repair method
Chapter 7 Circuit description
Chapter 8 Service Information
Signal listing
Wiring diagram
Blockdiagram Control routes
Blockdiagram AUDIO/VIDEO signal path
Blockdiagram Servo
of
modules
Modules A to Z
- Circuit diagram
PCB
-
- Adjustments
- Electrical parts
Remote control
List
List
lay-out
of
mechanical parts
of
electrical parts
lay-out
DocumentationTechnique Service Dokumentation Documentazione di Servizio Huolte-Ohje Manual
Subject to modification
CS
@)
7 814
4822 726 14282
Printed
in
The Netherlands
c Copyright reserved
de
Servicio Manual de
Service
Published
Consumer
Servic;;io
by
Electronics
Technical data
Controls, indicators, connections
Connector pinning
Chapter 1
Remarks
Warnings
Modification levels
Adjustments
Demounting instructions
Service hints
Service tools
List of used symbols
Connections
Module-
of
semiconductors
and connector
lay-out
Signal listing
Wiring diagram
Blockdiagram Control routes
Blockdiagram
AUDIO/VIDEO signal path
Blockdiagram Servo
Chapter 2
Chapter 3
of
Survey
Modules
modules
A to Z
-Circuit diagram
-PCB
lay-out
-Adjustments
-Electrical parts
Remote control
Exploded view drawings
List of mechanical parts
List of electrical parts
Repair method
Circuit description
Chapter 4
Chapter 5
Chapter 6
Chapter 7
Service Information
Chapter 8
Technical data
Controls, indicators, connections
Connector pinning
Chapter 1
TECHNICAL DATA
LASERVISION DISC
Disc diameter
Disc thickness
Disc speed
Maximum capacity
(30
cm
- 12" disc)
Max. playingtime
Average track pitch
LASERVISION DISC DRIVE VP415
General
Front loading motor-powered disc-tray
startup time <13s
unload time (time
between Eject
command
and disc out
SSL (solid state laser)
Laser type AIGaAs semiconductor
Wavelength 780
Aperture 0.5
Output of laser 3 - 5
H-SHIFT control [for Genlock]
12 CVBS OUT socket
13
SYNC OUT socket
14 CVBS
15
16
17
18
IN
socket
SYNC
IN
RGB
SCSI
sockets
(TTL)
IN
address dip switches
SCSI socket
17
sockets
&2)
sockets
socket
10
e
--
18
Remote control functions
-Play forward/reverse
-Still frame/step forward/reverse
-Audio 1 /2 on/off
-Picture number/time display on/off
-Chapter number display on/off
-Programme display on/off
-Search forward/reverse
or
-Goto (Picture
Chapter number)
-Input correction
-Digits 0-9 entry
-Fast forward/reverse
-Slow forward/reverse (1/100 to normal speed)
-Fast/slow rate
+/-
-Clear memory
-Enter
-Standby
-Pause
-Start/Repeat
-Next
(20
times normal speed)
(3,
10,20 x normal speed)
CS 7 817
A/V
Euroconnector
Pin signal
1 audio
2 not connected
3 audio
4 audio earth
5 blue earth
6 not connected
7 blue
8 player status (player in standby: 2
9 green earth
1 O not connected
11
12 not connected
13 red earth
14 earth
15 red
16 fast blanking: 2.5 V into 75 n (RGB status)
17 CVBS earth
18 RGB status earth
19 CVBS
20
21
RGB
6-pole female connector, 270 degrees
pin
1 Red signal
2 Green signal
3 Blue signal
4 Composite sync
5 Ground
6
(logic 0:0
than
pulses, negative going.)
out
(right) 650 mV rms/1 k
out
(left) 650 mV rms/1 k
out
700 mV/75 n
player on : 12
green
out
out
out
using RGB)
not
connected
socket earth
(TIL)
IN
Not
connected
-1
V,
+/-
100 pm, interlaced, with
V)
700 mV/75 n
700 mV
/75
1 V/75 n (also ects as sync
socket
(DIN)
logic 1 :2.2.
n
-4.2
V,
out
V.
Sync instability better
or
without equalising
when
SCSI interface
A computer interface in accordance with SCSI
standards. The player is fitted with a 50-pole
unshielded connector consisting
25 male pins on 100 mil centres.
All odd pins except pin 25 are connected
Pin 25 should be left open, but may be connected
to
ground.
(not connected
of
two
to
rows
of
internal
to
ground.
power
RS232-C interface
Serial computer interface, in accordance with international
communication standards.
Full duplex
8 data bits, 1 stop bit, no parity
Data transmission speed may be set
1200/2400/4800/9600 baud according
the
two
baud rate dip switches (numbers 1 and
rear
of
the player.
Baud rate
1200
2400
4800
9600
The player is fitted with a 25-pole female 0-connector with
the following pin connections :
pin
2 (TxD)
3 (RxD)
5 (CTS)
7 (GND)
9
10
20 (DTR)
switch 1
UP
UP
DOWN
DOWN
signal
transmitted data from player
to
computer
received data from computer
to
clear
player indicating the computer is ready
receive data
transmit)
logic ground
+12 V/100
-12
V/10
data terminal ready: a signal from player
to
computer indicating that player is
ready
to
for
data)
switch 2
UP
DOWN
UP
DOWN
send: a signal from computer
(;;;:..+3
mA
mA
receive data
to
to
the positions
2)
to
player
V means O.K.
(;;;:..+3
V means O.K.
at
of
the
to
to
to
A minus sign indicates active low.
Maximum cable length is 6 m.
of
, Address dip switches at rear
position = OFF. Switches 1-4 and switch 8 should be
OFF. Switches 5-7 determine the SCSI bus address
of
the player as follows:
address switch 5 switch 6 switch 7
0
1 OFF OFF
2
3
4
5
6
7
(Factory setting: address
Termination according
If you have more than one device connected
computer via the SCSI bus, the SCSI bus termination in
the player has
For details see* note in diagram
Module Wb.
OFF OFF OFF
OFF
OFF
ON
ON
ON
ON
to
be altered.
ON
ON
OFF OFF
OFF
ON
ON
to
player. Dip switch in up
ON
OFF
ON
ON
OFF
ON
0)
SCSI: 330 n TO
n
too
220
of
LV-ROM Interface
+5
V
v
to
the
CS 7 828
host
Remarks
Warnings
Modification levels
Adjustments
Demounting instructions
Service hints
Service tools
List of used symbols
Chapter 2
Connections
of
semiconductors
REMARKS
3.
Repair
on
modules
1. Care of the disc drive
The disc drive requires no special maintenance.
It is, however, recommended to clean the objective
lens from time to time with a piece
in
alcohol.
2.
Set-up
The set is composed
Z).
have also been classified per module.
a)
Of
given, with the incoming signals drawn as much as
possible
signals at the right-hand side. Each incoming and
outgoing signal has a unique name, the meaning
which can be read
If a signal enters
place via a connector (e.g.
82) and via a letter indication in the line. This
indication mentions
connected.
If the letter indication in the line is the same as the
module on which the signal is present, the signal
remains on the module mentioned and, naturally, no
connector is drawn.
b) Oscillograms and voltages in the circuit diagrams
- The oscillograms in the diagrams have been
- The DC voltages have been measured with a
c) PCS layouts
Most modules
doublesided copper pattern and plated-through holes.
For each module a PCB layout is drawn, consisting
a drawing
side (chip side) with corresponding copper pattern.
d) Parts lists
e) Service code numbers
of the Service Manual
of
The circuit diagrams, PCB layouts and parts lists
various modules (A through
Circuit diagrams
each module a functional circuit diagram has been
at
the left-hand side and the outgoing
in
the Signal listing.
or
leaves the module, this takes
682
to
which module the line is
measured with a
Timebase PM3214. The set has been connected
a monitor by means
Video : still picture, picture number 5530
Audio
Audio
Digital Multimeter PM2524, still picture, picture
number 5530, unless stated otherwise.
For each module an electrical parts list is given,
stating the service code numbers
electrical components that have been applied on
the module.
The code numbers
(ICs, transistors, diodes, standard resistors , etc.)
have been placed on a collective list in Chapter
(EBU colour bar, 75% saturation)
1:
normal play, picture numbers 6200 - 6500,
1 kHz modulation
2:
normal play, picture numbers 6500 - 6900,
1 kHz modulation
of
dual-beam
of
a SCART cable
in
the set have been equipped with
the component side and
of
the standard components
of
In this Service Manual service code numbers for
the modules have
consult you parts supplier .
not
been mentioned. Please
of
wadding, dipped
= pin 6
scope with Delayed
of
connector
of
the soldering
of
the specific
the modules
of
5.
to
of
To
enable repair/adjustment on modules use can be
made
of
survey can be found sub Service Tools
extension PCBs
or
extension cables. A
in
this chapter.
4. Hidden switches
On
Analog 1/0 module U two switches have been
applied, hidden for the user.
The function
SK1
SK2 : ENCODED CVBS
Please consult the circuit diagram
module U for more details on these switches.
of
these switches is :
: +
11 V or
connector.
Factory adjustment is RC5 at pin 8 (switch
pressed out).
signal on CVBS OUT connector BNC3. The
factory adjustment is ENCODED (switch
pressed out).
RC5
signal at pin 8
of
the Euro
or
NOT ENCODED CVBS
of
Analog 1/0
5. The optical deck
The optical deck
various critical components and at the production
department adjusted by complicated alignment
equipment.
For the time being repair
of
the Laser Detection Unit by a service technician is
not allowed.
If a failure analysis reveals that the Deck Electronics
or
LDU
are defective, the entire deck should be
submitted for repair to the production centre via the
Central Repair Procedure
Centre. Please inquire at your parts supplier's for this
procedure.
Repairs on the slide drive assy and the Automatic Tilt
Control (ATC) assy are possible. See the List
mechanical parts
in
the disc drive is composed
of
the Deck Electronics and
of
the Concern Service
for
the correct code numbers.
of
6. Coding of items
The coding
of
the PCB's can differ from the coding
the circuit diagrams (exept supply module
PCB's, a letter/number coding has been used (e.g. R1,
C1) and in the diagram a 4 number coding (e.g.
3001,2001
between both coding systems.
Circuit diagram
4 number coding
2 001
T-Citem
Lcomponent
of
component items in the service printing
of
).
The table below shows the conversion
Service printing on PCB
letter/number coding
C1
nbr
nbr
:
1
= Unit, battery
= capacitor
2
= resistor
3
= coil, trafo , cristal
5
= diode
6
= transistor, IC
7
TLitem
Lcomponent
=U
=C
=R
= S,L,K
=D
= T,TS,1,IC
the items in
T).
On
nbr
of
the
letter:
CS 7 818
WARNINGS
1.
Laser radiation
The Laser Detection Unit (LDU)
in
the optical deck has
been equipped with a semiconductor laser. This laser
emits
invisible light which
is
focussed on the disc
the objective.
If the objective would
be
removed
in
case of repair,
the laser light exits from the objective aperture. Avoid
looking directly into the laser beam, as this might
cause permanent injury to the eye.
2.
Replacement of modules
Before replacing a module upon repair, first the mains
switch should
be
switched off. This should
be
done to
prevent damage to the circuits on the modules.
3. Service position of the set
If measurements or repair require that the set
placed on its side
done when a
and
the front loader has been removed. If a disc with
a larger diameter
6"
test disc
is
(90°·
position), this may only
is
played
used
(8"
or
12"),
on
the optical deck
the risk that the
is
be
disc will come loose from the turntable (motor)
cause injury to people
in
the vicinity will
be
too great.
Also ensure that the disc is always locked on the
turntable by the magnetic disc clamping piece (see
service tools).
by
and
In
the above-mentioned 90° position of the set not
signals will
be
present according to specification.
Adjustments and checks for correct functioning are
therefore only allowed
in
the horizontal position of the
set.
4. The 6" test disc
The
6"
test disc may only
be
played when the front
loader has been removed. With mounted front loader
playback of
8"
and 12" discs
is
possible.
all
MODIFICATION LEVELS
In
the entire set various modification levels have been
indicated.
1. Modification level of the set
The modification level of the set can
rear of the cabinet.
a) Change code on the type number plate
Under the type number a letter and digit code
which looks as follows :
IA
HI
O
216
4
311
7 I '-.
production change week
centre code
The change code
centre.
b) Modification level on yellow sticker
On
a yellow sticker a TM code is marked,
indicating the modification level,
TM
4 7 10
5 8
1
6 9
2.
Modification level of the module
number
is
preceded by the production
13 16
11
14 17
12 15 18
be
found at the
0 1 2 3
\:
serial number
in
this case TM3.
is
41
given
The modification level
Control EPROMs can also
an
external computer. To achieve this
command "?=" should
the directions for use, chapter F-CODE COMMANDS
: Revision level request).
The feedback
software revision.
Digit 1
Digit 2
Digit 3
Digit 4
Digit 5
The modification level of the Drive software will then
be
e.g.
software e.g. 1.4 (digit 4 . digit
The relation with the modification level
number
Drive
Control
Each time a change takes place
modification level will by raised
A survey of the modification levels of the set, the
modules and the software can
Information, chapter
of
= 0
= major level drive
= minor level drive
= major level control
= minor level control
1.5 (digit 2 . digit
is
as
follows:
mod. level progr.
3104 103 6803.4
3104 103 6804.4
of
the software
be
be
sent to the disc drive (see
the disc drive
3)
and
number
8.
in
the Drive and
retrieved
is a 5-digit
of the Control
5).
by
be
by
means of
an
F-code
code of the
in
the program
mod. level software
revision
1.5
1.4
in
the software, the
one.
found
in
the Service
In
the circuit diagram: top right, under the name of the
module (e.g.
On
the PCB:
side
~OO....,mJ........-4..-1
( e.g.
The modification level is marked then.
3. Modification level of the software
On
various modules EPROMs have been applied, that
have been programmed (see survey below).
module
Drive
Proc
Control (S)
*CPU (W)
*CPU (W)
*CPU (W)
*CPU (W)
*= only for VP415
The program number of the software has been
applied
The modification level
of the program number (behind the dot).
an entire module is replaced, in principle adjustment
should not take place, with the exception
K,
module
module
Module K : in case
VIDEO DO CORR module L and ANALOG 1/0
U.
(video ampl.)
of
replacement, adjust R3043
of
HF PROC
for
Module L : in case
Module U : in case
Module B : in case
When module
check the CVBS OUT signal (NOT ENCODED) on BNC3
for
correct amplitude and correct VITS signals MBI and
MBIV. The CVBS OUT signal is described
1
of
Ananlog 1/0 module
The VITS signals are described in adjustment 2
D.O. Corr. module
For amplitude adjustments see Fig
The adjustments take place without connection
computer (video overlay)
stated otherwise.
2. Required
To
perform the adjustments the following equipment is
required:
- Test disc 6"
-
Dual-beam
If available: - vector scope
- Scope probes with 1:10 attenuator, preferable
FET probes
- BNC
of
replacement, adjust R3050 (MTF)
of
replacement, adjust R3305
gain) and R3315
R3315 on Analog 1/0 module
H,
of
K, L or
(B-Y
gain).
replacement, adjust R3305 and
Z is replaced,
U.
it
is advisable
L.
2.1
or
external video source, unless
or
8"
scope with Delayed Timebase
-
dual-beam
X-deflection
PM3226P)
or
probes with a capacitance < 3pF.
75n
terminator (4822 263 60037).
or
scope with
via
8-channel
U.
in
adjustment
of
of
(R-Y
to
Video
a
(e.g.
CS 7
821
=-~-
I
rn
VIDEO ADJUSTMENTS
·~
-~·.,.
I
=i_J
IJll
.,,
~
..
...
I
:ij
llrm
~
GAIN
402
1001
802
60
2
CS
N
CS
- S/NS
S-CS
- EXT
MTF
R3050
MTF
3L2
OEM-
S
YNC
BOTTOM
411111~L
ELECTRONIC
TI
MEBASE
CORRECTION
TO GENL
BK
REFERENCE
SYNC.
GEN
ERA
TOR
MODULE
OCK
~
SOURC
FI
RAMP-EN
TXT
- WH
TXT
- WV
REFV
REFH
CBL
CS
REF
CLP
H/2
BF
L___
E
D
COLOUR BURST
SPECIAL BUR
CV-TB
M
TO
ETBC
MODULE
501
401
203
103
70
1
80
1
90
1
102
60
1
302
202
ST
- C
[]
CV-EXT
9C
2
SCI
9CI
CV/
CS
CV-f
/i B
8C2
P-CLP
SYNC BOTTOM
IOCI
VBL
3AI
!
~
Al
RGB
SC
3BI
L COLOUR BURST
AUDI
AUD2
DE
CODI
NG
EXT AUD
EXT AUD2
RGB
MATR
IX
SYNC BOTTOM
AUD1
0N
A
eves
SWITCH
BPCLP
) MI
4
VPO
VIDEO
Y5
XER
TXT-WH
3Y5
VP!
U020N
INS-TXT
ADDER
7Y2
IY
3Y
2Y5
VP2
TXT
2
2
CS
-WV
R MIX
G- MIX
8 MIX
5/NS
NS
NOT SK2
ENC
ENC
IU3
3U3
5U3
9U3
CS
7U3
(ONLY
EN
eves
I
Al- E/i
A2-E/i
10
2B3
3A3
4B3
ANALOG
4a
U1
1
au1
4CU1
lcUl
8a
U1
LUM
83
9aU
1
R
17
aU1
G
1
7c
U1
B
18aU1
CBL
1
oau
1
REFH
1
0cU
1
G
-
-
-
~
~
1/
0
Ua
1u2 9YI
3U2
5U2
7U2
9U2
COMPUTER
RGB
3aU1
A- SYNT
1
2i:tU
1 12cUI
BF
H/2
G
7YI
5YI 5Y2
CBL
3YI
REFH
!YI
CS
i
l
C
>--r<
>--r<
VP41
Uc
Ub
Ua
5)
~
(75o TERMINATED)
19
cU1
cs
s,NS
SaUI
NS
11
cu1
L
COLOU
R BURST
19
eves
15
G
CS
PAS
02477
T 08
715
Fi
g.
21
CS 7 822
DEMOUNTING INSTRUCTIONS
1
~
PUSHING OUT
* short size
DEMOUNTING UPPERCASET AND FRONTLOADER
THE
·····@
DISC TRAY
~
~
' ---
------
-----=-----
···-
... _o_~----.
_
Ji>
1
---------
screws dot marked
DEMOUNTING DI
MOUNTING
~
--
1
g'
DIS
"'-
2
a.-..
2
·
SC
TRAY
C T
RAY
'-.._
Oo
Oo
Oo
0
4~
~
~
a
ASSY
REMOVING SPEEDNUT
ASS
Y
g'
3
screws dot marked
DEMOUNTING OPTICAL DECK
CS
7 823
~o
~
r1
.[..,,)
Oo
0060000
:,0
~~~~~~
O~
r • ~ O
o J 1
DEMOUNTING ANALOG 1/0 MODULE U
. . -
.
~~~
~~~
ij-~o
Oo0 Oo
Oo
006o00
oo
O(lo
l
0
o
~~~J
-·
0
6oo
ooo
0
00
3
0
01
.,
..
@
- I • ,
T
•
_J.·
ON
LY
FOR
VP415:
DEMOUNTING SANDWICH
PART
EVA.00317
T28/710
SERVICE HINTS
WARNING
ESD
,.
~
All ICs and many other semi-conductors are
to
susceptible
Careless handling during repair can reduce life
drastically.
When repairing, make sure that you are connected
with the same potential as the mass
wrist wrap with resistance.
Keep components and tools also at th is potential.
The photodiodes and the laser are more sensitive
electrostatic discharges than MOS IC's.
Careless handling during servicing may reduce life
expectacy drastically.
For this reason care should be taken that
servicing the potentials
equal to that
Chip components {SMD)
Chip components have been applied in the set. For
the insertion and removal
figure below.
electrostatic discharges (ESD).
of
the
of
the tools and yourself are
of
the screening
of
the set
of
chip components see the
set
dur
via a
ing
to
SOLDER
c:B:j~CO
CHIP
COMPO
GLUE
GENERAL
NENT
. SO
I
LD
ER
P
P.C.B.
PERT
RACK
~~~~E~\,,
e.g.
WELLER~~-:'.'.
R TIP PT-H7
SOLDE
SOLDERING
SOLDER WICK
48
22
321 40042
SOLDER
SOLD
ERING
IR
ON
~
~
SOLDERING
IRON
DISMOUNTING
VACUU
~4822
~~~~~'=
ON~
IR
E~~~'==~:'.:~~
e.g. A
PA~EZ
HEA
TIN
~~~EATI
I 4
SOLDERING IRON
WI
CK~
PRECAUTIONS
M PISTON
395
10082
~ ~ = ~
OR
=~
ER
S B
NG
CLEA
NIN
G
~
MOUNTING
A
A
SOLDER
0 0.5 - 0.8 mm
.PRESSURE
+
SOLDERING TIME SOLDER
< 3 sec/side 0 0.5 - 0.8 mm
PR
ESSURE
+
C
EXAMPLES
(#
SOLDERING
0$"
B
SERVICE PACKAGE
M
~
""~
~
27 012C
12
CS 7 824
SERVICE TOOLS
REPAIR SET 4822 310 31198
CONTAINING:
TEST DISC
6"
4822 397 30156
TEST DISC 12" 4822 397 30119
TEST DISC
8"
4822 397 30118
2x
---
EXTENDER PRINT 64P (7949.1)
4822 263 70208
_,,
_::...._
___
TORX SCREW DRIVER SET
4822 395 50145
1x
EXT. CABLE 12P (7955.
4822
321
22269
0)
----
4"';:
:...:.;;;:=
--
EXT. ASSY 6P
4822
321
22268
~.,........- 2xEXT. ASSY 10P (7950.1)
2x
4822
321
22267
2x
.
---
COUPLING PIECE 10P (7953.2)
4822 267 50704
2x
COUPLING PIECE 6P (7952.2)
4822 267 40712
(7951.1)
"'-
1x
COUPLING PIECE 12P (7954.2)
4822 267 50705
~
1x
COUPLING PIECE
VID MIX (7957.2)
4822 267 50707
1x
•
.
DISC CLAMPING PIECE
4822 532 60775
/ PIN 3 AND 4 INTERCONNECTED
~
1x
·-FRONTLOADER SIMULATION
4822 267 50706
CS 7 825
41
832
A
APPLICATION OF SERVICE TOOLS
.----
__.---
TEST DISC
DISC CLAMPING PIECE
6"
TEST DISC
6"
:.._.------
--
---
EXTENSION OF MOTOR MODULE
COUPLING PIECE 12P
EXT.
CABLE12P
FRONT LOADER
SIMULATION
EXTENDER PRINT 64P
~;;,,,-:;
;:.__
EXT. ASSY 6P
~
=----
EXTENSION OF MODULE (FLEX)
EXT.ASSY10P
----
EXTENDER PRINT 64P
I
EXTENSION OF DRIVE/CONTROL MODULE
COUPLING PIECE
VID MIX
EXT. ASSY 6P
EXT. ASSY 10P
EXTENSION OF MODULE (STEADY)
ONLY VP415
SHORT CIRCUITING OF VID MIX SIGNALS
41
833
CS 7 826
B
LIST OF USED SYMBOLS
Safety resistor
Veiligheidsweerstand
Sicherheitswiderstand
Resistance de
,;;;
0.2 W
(CR16) > 270 kO - 10%
33
W < 1 MO -
0.
(SFR25) > 1
,;;; 1 MO -5%
0.5 W
(CR37) > 1
W · \1R25 -
0.33
0.5 W,;;; 1 MO -
(CR52) > 1
1 W
,;;;
(CR68) > 1.6 MO - 10%
0.5 W High voltage resistor
(VR37) Hoogspanningsweerstand