LaMotte AG-103 User Manual

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FRESH WATER

AQUARIUM

MODEL AG-103 • CODE 3637

COMBINATION OUTFIT

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Alkalinity............................................................................................... 3

Ammonia Nitrogen .............................................................................. 4

Dissolved Oxygen.................................................................................. 7

Hardness .............................................................................................. 11

Nitrite .................................................................................................. 14

pH........................................................................................................ 15

Kit Case Layout.................................................................................. 8-9

This booklet provides step-by-step instructions for each of the tests provided in the AG-104 test kit. Please refer to the separate sheets for proper use of the Direct Reading Titrator and Axial Reader Comparator where noted.

USE OF THE OCTET COM PARA TOR

The Octet Comparator contains eight permanent color standards. A test sample is inserted into the openings in the top of the comparator. The sample can then be compared to four color standards at once, and the value read off the comparator. For optimum color comparison, the comparator should be positioned between the operator and a light source, so that the light enters through the special light-diffusing screen in the back of the comparator. Avoid viewing the comparator against direct sunlight or an irregularly lighted background.

ALKALINITY

QUANTITY CONTENTS CODE

100 BCG-MR Indicator Tablets T-2311-J 60 mL *Alkalinity Titration Reagent B *4493DR-

H 1 Test Tube, 5-10-15 mL, glass, w/cap 0778 1 Direct Reading Titrator, 0-200 Range 0382

*WARNING: Reagents marked with a * are considered hazardous substances. Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) are supplied for these reagents. For your safety read label and accompanying MSDS before using.

NOTE: Read Direct Reading Titrator Manual before performing test.

PRO CE DURE

1. Fill the test tube (0778) to 5 mL line with sample water.

2. Add one BCG-MR Indicator Tablet (T-2311). Cap and shake until

dissolved. A blue-green color will develop.

3. Fill the Direct Reading Titrator (0382) with *Alkalinity Titration

Reagent B (4493DR). Insert Titrator into the center hole of the test tube cap.

4. While gently swirling the tube, slowly depress plunger to titrate until the

blue-green color changes to pink. Read the test result where the plunger meets the titrator scale. Record results as Total Alkalinity in ppm (CaCO3).

NOTE: Each minor division on Titrator scale = 4 ppm Total Alkalinity as CaCO3.

EXAMPLE: Plunger tip is 3 minor divisions below line 140. The test result is 140 plus (3 divisions x 4) equals 152 ppm.

5. If the plunger reaches the bottom line on the titrator scale (200 ppm)

before the endpoint color change occurs, refill the titrator and continue titration. When recording the test result, be sure to include the value of the original amount of reagent dispensed (200 ppm).

When testing salt water aquariums, alkalinity may be called carbonate hardness. Multiply ppm Alkalinity by 0.056 to convert to German degrees of Hardness.

This test set provides Total Alkalinity readings only. For comprehensive analysis of Phenolphthalein (P), Total (T), Hydroxide, Carbonate, and Bicarbonate Alkalinity the Model WAT-MP-DR Test Set, Code 4533-DR is recommended.

AMMONIA NITROGEN

LOW RANGE

QUANTITY CONTENTS CODE

30 mL Ammonia Nitrogen Reagent #1 4797WT-G 60 mL *Ammonia Nitrogen Reagent #2 *4798PS-H 1 Pipet, 1.0 mL, plastic 0354 3 Test Tubes, 10 mL, glass, w/cap 0843 1 Distilled Water Ampoule, 5 mL 2748 1 Axial Reader 2071 1 Ammonia Nitrogen Comparator,

0.02-1.0 ppm

*WARNING: Reagents marked with a * are considered hazardous substances. Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) are supplied for these reagents. For your safety, read label and accompanying MSDS before using.

NOTES: A. To compensate for color produced by the reagents, a blank should be run

on deionized or distilled water. Any reading obtained should be subtracted from the test result.

B. Certain aquarium treatment chemicals interfere with this Nesslerization

method. Some ketones, aldehydes, alcohol and amines cause interferences. Check treatment chemical label for contents and warning.

C. Read the Axial Reader Instruction Manual before performing test.

7593

PRO CE DURE

1. Fill a test tube (0843) to the 10 mL line with sample water.

2. Add 8 drops of Ammonia Nitrogen Reagent #1 (4797WT). Cap and

swirl to mix. Wait one minute before proceeding to next step. NOTE: When testing salt (sea) water, increase the amount of this

reagent to 20 drops to avoid a precipitate which may form.

3. Use pipet (0354) to add 1 mL of Ammonia Nitrogen Reagent #2

(4798PS). Cap and mix. Wait five minutes for color development. Remove cap.

4. Remove cap and insert tube into the Axial Reader Comparator (2071).

Follow the Axial Reader instructions to compare the sample color with the color standards. Record result as ppm Ammonia-Nitrogen (NH3-N).

To express results as Unionized Ammonia (NH3):

Unionized Ammonia (NH3) =

ppm Ammonia Nitrogen (NH3-N) x 1.2

To express results as Ionized Ammonia (NH

Ionized Ammonia (NH

ppm Ammonia Nitrogen (NH3-N) x 1.3

) =

NOTE: If the color of the test sample is darker than the highest color

standard, repeat the test on a sample diluted 1 to 1 with ammonia free distilled water. Multiply this reading by a factor of 2 to compensate for the dilution. Read results in ppm Ammonia Nitrogen.

For the most accurate results, repeat steps 1-4 on a blank of deionized water and subtract any reading obtained from the test result.

Ammonia in water occurs in two forms: toxic unionized ammonia (NH3) and the relatively non-toxic form, ammonium ion (NH method measures both forms as ammonia-nitrogen (NH total ammonia-nitrogen concentration in water. The actual proportion of

). This test

-N) to give the

each compound depends on temperature, alkalinity, and pH. A greater concentration of unionized ammonia is present when the pH value and salinity increase.

1. Consult the table on Page 6 to find the percentage that corresponds to

the temperature, pH and salinity of the sample.

2. To express the test result as ppm Unionized Ammonia Nitrogen

(NH3-N), multiply the total ammonia-nitrogen test result by the percentage from the table.

3. To express the test result as ppm Ammonia Nitrogen (NH4-N), subtract

the unionized ammonia nitrogen from the total ammonia-nitrogen.

10°C 15°C 20°C 25°C

pH FW

FW SW FW SW FW SW

7.0 0.19 0.27 0.40 0.55

7.1 0.23 0.34 0.50 0.70

7.2 0.29 0.43 0.63 0.88

7.3 0.37 0.54 0.79 1.10

7.4 0.47 0.68 0.99 1.38

7.5 0.59 0.459 0.85 0.665 1.24 0.963 1.73 1.39

7.6 0.74 0.577 1.07 0.836 1.56 1.21 2.17 1.75

7.7 0.92 0.726 1.35 1.05 1.96 1.52 2.72 2.19

7.8 1.16 0.912 1.69 1.32 2.45 1.90 3.39 2.74

7.9 1.46 1.15 2.12 1.66 3.06 2.39 4.24 3.43

8.0 1.83 1.44 2.65 2.07 3.83 2.98 5.28 4.28

8.1 2.29 1.80 3.32 2.60 4.77 3.73 6.55 5.32

8.2 2.86 2.26 4.14 3.25 5.94 4.65 8.11 6.61

8.3 3.58 2.83 5.16 4.06 7.36 5.78 10.00 8.18

8.4 4.46 3.54 6.41 5.05 9.09 7.17 12.27 10.10

8.5 5.55 4.41 7.98 6.28 11.18 8.87 14.97 12.40

Freshwater data from Trussel (1972).

Seawater values from Bower and Bidwell (1978). Salinity for Seawater values = 34 ppt at an ionic

strength of 0.701 m.

FOR EXAMPLE: A fresh water sample at 20°C has a pH of 8.5 and the test result is 1.0 ppm

as total Ammonia-Nitrogen.

1. The percentage from the table is 11.18% (or 0.1118).

2. 1 ppm total Ammonia-Nitrogen x 0.1118 = 0.1118 ppm Unionized

Ammonia-Nitrogen

Total Ammonia-Nitrogen 1.0000 ppm Unionized Ammonia-Nitrogen

0.1118 ppm

Ionized Ammonia-Nitrogen = 0.8882 ppm

DISSOLVED OXYGEN

For determining the dissolved oxygen content of water, this test kit uses the azide modification of the Winkler Method and employs a LaMotte Direct Reading Titrator in the final titration.

QUANTITY CONTENTS CODE

30 mL *Manganous Sulfate Solution *4167-G 30 mL *Alkaline Potassium Iodide Azide Solution *7166-G 50 g *Sulfamic Acid Powder *6286-H 60 mL *Sodium Thiosulfate Solution (0.025N) *4169-H 30 mL Starch Indicator 4170WT-G 1 Direct Reading Titrator, 0 - 10 Range 0377 1 Test Tube, 5-10-12.9-15-20-25 mL,

glass, w/cap 1 Bottle, Water Sampling, 60 mL, glass 0688-DO 1 Spoon, 1.0 g 0697

NOTE: Read the LaMotte Direct Reading Titrator Instruction Manual before performing the test procedure. The Titrator is calibrated in parts per million (ppm) Dissolved Oxygen.

COL LEC TION & TREAT MENT OF THE WA TER SAM PLE

Steps 1 through 4 below describe proper sampling technique in shallow water. For collection of sample at depths beyond arm’s reach, special water sampling apparatus is required (e.g., the LaMotte Water Sampling Chamber, Code 1060; Model JT-1 Water Samplers, Code 1077; or Water Sampling Outfit, Code 3103).

1. To avoid contamination, rinse the Water Sampling Bottle (0688-DO)

thoroughly with sample water.

2. Tightly cap the bottle. Submerge to the desired depth, and remove the

cap to allow the bottle to fill.

3. Tap the sides of the submerged bottle to dislodge any air bubbles clinging

to the inside of the bottle. Replace the cap while the bottle is still submerged.

4. Retrieve the bottle. Examine it carefully to make sure that no air bubbles

are trapped inside of the bottle. Once a satisfactory sample has been collected, proceed immediately with Steps 5 and 6 to “fix” the sample.

0608

HARDNESS ALKALINITY

AMMONIA NITROGEN

0354

2748

0843

0353 0382

4487-DR-H

4484-J

4483-E

T-5250-H

4259-E

0608

0382

0230

2218-G

0778

4493-DR-H

T-2311-J

2194

4798PS-H

4797WT-G

7593

0843

NITRITE

DISSOLVED OXYGEN

0354

2748

0843

0377

6286-H

7166-G

4170WT-G

4169-H

7424-H

7423-G w/0392

6761 w/2071

0354

0843

7797-D

0727

0608

0688-DO

4167-G

0697

0843

“FIXING” THE WA TER SAM PLE

NOTE: Be careful not to introduce air into the sample while adding the reagents in Steps 5 and 6. Drop the reagents into the test sample, cap carefully, and mix gently.

5. Add 8 drops of *Manganous Sulfate Solution (4167) and 8 drops of

*Alkaline Potassium Iodide Azide Solution (7166). Cap and mix by inverting gently several times. A precipitate will form. Allow the precipitate to settle below the shoulder of the bottle before proceeding.

6. Use the 1.0g spoon (0697) to add one level measure of *Sulfamic Acid

Powder (6286). Cap and gently invert to mix, until both the reagent and the precipitate have dissolved. A clear yellow to brown-orange color will develop, depending on the oxygen content of the sample.

NOTE: Following the completion of Step 6, contact between the water sample and the atmosphere will not affect the test result. Once the sample has been “fixed” in this manner, it is not necessary to perform the actual test procedure immediately.

TEST PRO CE DURE

1. Fill the test tube (0608) to the 20 mL line with the “fixed” sample. Cap.

NOTE: If the color of the “fixed” sample is already a very faint yellow,

skip Step 3, perform Step 4, and begin the titration at Step 5.

2. Fill the Direct Reading Titrator (0377) with *Sodium Thiosulfate

Solution (4169). Insert into the center hole of the test tube cap.

3. While gently shaking the tube, slowly press the plunger to titrate until

the yellow-brown color is reduced to a very faint yellow.

4. Remove the Titrator and cap. Be careful not to disturb the Titrator

plunger, as the titration begun in Step 3 will be continued in Step 5. Add 8 drops of Starch Indicator Solution (4170WT). Solution will turn blue.

5. Replace the cap and Titrator and continue titrating until the blue color

just disappears. Read result where plunger meets Titrator Scale. Record as ppm Dissolved Oxygen. Each minor division equals 0.2 ppm.

6. If the plunger reaches the bottom line on the Titrator scale (10 ppm)

before the endpoint color change occurs, refill the Titrator and continue the titration. When recording the test result, be sure to include the value of the original amount of reagent dispensed (10 ppm).

CALCIUM & MAGNESIUM

(TOTAL) HARDNESS

QUANTITY CONTENTS CODE

15 mL *Sodium Hydroxide Reagent

w/Metal Inhibitors 50 Calcium Hardness Indicator Tablets T-5250-H 15 mL *Hardness Reagent # 5 *4483-E 100 Hardness Reagent # 6 Tablets 4484-J 60 mL Hardness Reagent # 7 4487DR-H 1 Test Tube, 5-10-12.9-15-20-25 mL,

glass, w/cap 1 Direct Reading Titrator, 0-200 Range 0382 1 Pipet, 0.5 mL 0353

NOTE: Carefully read the instruction manual for the LaMotte Direct Reading Titrator before performing the titration described below. The titrator is calibrated in terms of Hardness expressed as parts per million (ppm) Calcium Carbonate (CaCO3). Each minor division on the Titrator scale equals 4 ppm CaCO3.

*4259-E

0608

PRO CE DURE

TOTAL HARDNESS

1. Fill the test tube (0608) to the 12.9 mL line with sample water.

2. Add five drops of *Hardness Reagent #5 (4483) and mix.

3. Add one Hardness Reagent #6 Tablet (4484) and shake tube to dissolve

tablet. A red color will develop.

4. Fill the Direct Reading Titrator (0382) with Hardness Reagent #7

(4487DR) in the manner described in the instruction manual. Insert the titrator in the center hole of the test tube cap.

5. While gently shaking the tube, slowly depress the plunger to titrate the

sample until the red color changes to clear blue. Read the test result where the plunger meets the titrator scale. The result is expressed as Total Hardness in ppm CaCO3.

EXAMPLE: Plunger is 3 minor divisions below line 80. Test result is 80 plus (3 divisions x 4) equals 92 ppm.

6. If the plunger reaches the bottom line on the titrator scale (200 ppm)

before the endpoint color changes occurs, refill the titrator and continue the titration. When recording the test result, be sure to include the value of the original amount of reagent dispensed (200 ppm).

7. Parts per million CaCO3 test results may be converted to grains per

gallon (gpg) CaCO3 by means of the following formula:

gpg CaCO3 = ppm CaCO3 x 0.058

CALCIUM HARDNESS

1. Fill test tube (0608) to 12.9 mL line with sample water.

2. Add 6 drops of * Sodium Hydroxide w/Metal Inhibitors (4259). Cap and

mix.

3. Add one Calcium Hardness Indicator Tablet (5250). Cap and gently

shake to dissolve tablet. A red color will appear.

4. Now perform titration as described in Steps 3 through 6 of the Total

Hardness Test Procedure, titrating until the red color changes to blue. Results are expressed as Calcium Hardness in ppm CaCO3.

MAGNESIUM HARDNESS

Magnesium Hardness (ppm CaCO3)

= Total Hardness - Calcium Hardness

ANAL Y SIS OF HARD NESS IN SALT WA TER

When sea and estuarine waters containing very high levels of mineral salts are to be tested, the sample must be diluted to a practicable concentration before titration. This test is supplied with a calibrated pipet for performing the simple, convenient dilutions described below.

TOTAL HARDNESS DILUTION (1 TO 25.8)

1. Use the 0.5 mL pipet (0353) to transfer 0.5 mL of the salt water to be

tested to the titration tube (0769).

2. Fill the tube to the 12.9 mL line with distilled water.

3. Follow steps 2 through 5 under the Total Hardness test procedure.

Multiply the resulting Titrator reading by 25.8 to obtain the test result expressed as Total Hardness in ppm CaCO3.

CALCIUM HARDNESS DILUTION (1 TO 12.9)

1. Use the 0.5 mL pipet (0353) to transfer 1.0 mL (two measures) of the

salt water to be tested to the titration tube (0769).

2. Fill the tube to the 12.9 mL line with distilled water.

3. Follow steps 2 through 4 under Calcium Hardness test procedure.

Multiply the resulting Titrator reading by 12.9 to obtain the test result expressed as Calcium Hardness in ppm CaCO3.

4. Calcium Hardness test result may be converted to ppm Calcium

Chloride (CaCl2) by means of the following formula:

ppm CaCl2 = ppm CaCO3 x 1.11

MAGNESIUM HARDNESS OF SALT WATER

Magnesium Hardness = Total Hardness - Calcium Hardness Magnesium Hardness test result may be converted to ppm Magnesium

Chloride (MgCl2) by means of the following formula:

ppm MgCl2 = Mg Hardness as ppm CaCO3 x 0.95

NITRITE

QUANTITY CONTENTS CODE

30 mL Nitrite Nitrogen Reagent A 7423-G 60 mL *Nitrite Nitrogen Reagent B *7424-H 10 g Nitrite Nitrogen Reagent C-R 7797-D 3 Test Tubes, 10 mL, glass, w/cap 0843 1 Pipet, 1.0 mL, plastic 0354 1 Pipet, plain, plastic, w/cap 0392 1 Spoon, 0.15 g, plastic 0727 1 Distilled Water Ampoule, 5 mL 2748 1 Axial Reader 2071 1 Nitrite Comparator, 0.02-0.3 ppm 6761

NOTE: Read Axial Reader Manual before performing test.

PRO CE DURE

1. Fill three test tubes (0843) to the 10 mL line with sample water. Insert

two tubes as blanks in the Axial Reader.

2. Use the plain pipet (0357) to add 10 drops of Nitrite Nitrogen Reagent

A (7423) to third test tube.

3. Use the 1.0 mL pipet (0354) to add 1.0 mL of *Nitrite Nitrogen Reagent

B (7424). Cap and invert to mix. Allow to stand for 30 to 45 seconds.

4. Use the 0.15g spoon (0727) to add one level measure (avoid any excess)

of Nitrite Nitrogen Reagent C-R. Cap and mix. Allow to stand for 3 minutes. A pink color indicates the presence of nitrite.

5. Remove cap and insert tube in the Axial Reader comparator. Follow the

Axial Reader instructions to compare the sample color with the standards. Record result as ppm Nitrite (NO2).

QUANTITY CONTENTS CODE

30 mL *Wide Range Indicator *2218-G 1 Test Tube, 5 mL, glass, w/cap 0230 1 Wide Range Comparator, 7.7 - 8.4 2194

PRO CE DURE

1. Fill a test tube (0230) to the 5 mL line with the sample water.

2. Add 10 drops of *Wide Range Indicator (2218). Cap and mix.

3. Cap the tube and invert several times to mix the contents.

4. Insert test tube into the Wide Range Comparator (2194). Match sample

color to a color standard. Record as pH.

LaMOTTE COM PANY

Helping Peo ple Solve An a lyt i cal Challenges

PO Box 329 • Chestertown • Mary land • 21620 • USA

800-344-3100 • 410-778-3100 (Out side U.S.A.) • Fax 410-778-6394

Visit us on the web at www.lamotte.com

63637 • 1/02

LaMotte AG-103 User Manual

Specifications and Main Features

Frequently Asked Questions

User Manual