Lake LM 26, LM 44 Operation Manual

Operation Manual

Lake® LM Series

Digital Audio Processors

Rev 1.3.5

Item: OM-LM

Operation Manual

Important Safety Instructions

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Lake LM Series Operation Manual Rev 1.3.5

1. Important Safety Instructions

Before using the device, be sure to carefully read the Safety Instructions. Keep this document with the device at all times.

1.1 Important Safety Instructions

1. Read these instructions.

2. Keep these instructions.

3. Heed all warnings.

4. Follow all instructions.

5. Do not use this apparatus near water.

6. Clean only with a dry cloth.

7. Do not block any ventilation openings. Install in accordance
with the manufacturer’s instructions.

8. Do not install near any heat sources such as radiators, heat
registers, stoves, or other apparatus (including ampliers)
that produce heat.

9. Do not defeat the safety purpose of the polarized or
grounding-type plug. A polarized plug has two blades with
one wider than the other. A grounding-type plug has two
blades and a third grounding prong. The wide blade or
the third prong is provided for your safety. If the provided
plug does not t into your outlet, consult an electrician for
replacement of the obsolete outlet.

10. Protect the power cord from being walked on or pinched,
particularly at plugs, convenience receptacles, and the point
where they exit from the apparatus.

11. Only use attachments/accessories specied by the
manufacturer.

12. Use only with a cart, stand, tripod, bracket, or table specied
by the manufacturer, or sold with the apparatus. When a
cart is used, use caution when moving the cart/apparatus
combination to avoid injury from tip-over.

13. Unplug this apparatus during lightning storms or when
unused for long periods of time.

14. Refer all servicing to qualied service personnel. Servicing
is required when the apparatus has been damaged in any
way, such as power-supply cord or plug is damaged, liquid
has been spilled or objects have fallen into the apparatus, the
apparatus has been exposed to rain or moisture, does not
operate normally, or has been dropped.

15. Use the mains plug to disconnect the apparatus from the
mains.

16. WARNING: To reduce the risk of re of electric shock, do not
expose this apparatus to rain or moisture.

17. Do not expose this equipment to dripping or splashing and
ensure that no objects lled with liquids, such as vases, are
placed on the equipment.

18. The mains plug of the power supply cord shall remain readily
operable.

19. Do not connect the unit’s output to any other voltage source,
such as battery, mains source, or power supply, regardless
of whether the unit is turned on or off.

20. Do not remove the top (or bottom) cover. Removal of the
cover will expose hazardous voltages. There are no user
serviceable parts inside and removal may void the warranty.

21. An experienced user shall always super vise this professional
audio equipment, especially if inexperienced adults or
minors are using the equipment.

22. The US National Differences clause 16.3 requires that
network cables must be ame rated VW-1.

To prevent electric shock do not remove top or bottom covers.
No user serviceable parts inside, refer servicing to qualied
service personnel.

À prévenir le choc électrique n’enlevez pas les couvercles. Il n’y a
pas des parties serviceable à l’intérieur, tous reparations doit etre
faire par personnel qualié seulment.

To completely disconnect this equipment from the AC mains,
disconnect the power supply cord plug from the AC receptacle.
The mains plug of the power supply cord shall remain readily
operable.

Pour démonter complètement l’équipement de l’alimentation
générale, démonter le câble d’alimentation de son réceptacle. La
prise d’alimentation restera aisément fonctionnelle.

1.2 Standards

This equipment conforms to the require­ments of the EMC Directive 2004/108/EC
and the requirements of the Low Voltage
Directive 2006/95/EC.

Standards applied: EMC Emission
EN55103-1, E3
EMC Immunity EN55103 -2, E3, with S/N
below 1% at normal operation level.
Electrical Safety EN600 65, Class I

This equipment is tested and listed accord­ing to the U.S. safety standard ANSI/ UL
60065 and Canadian safety standard CSA
C22.2 NO. 60065. Intertek made the tests
and they are a Nationally Recognized Test­ing Laboratory (NRTL).

1.3 Explanation of Graphical Symbols

The lightning bolt triangle is used to alert the user to
the presence of un -insulated “dangerous voltages”
within the unit’s chassis that may be of suf cient
magnitude to constitute a risk of electric shock to
humans.

The exclamation point triangle is used to alert the
user to presence of important operating and service
instructions in the literature accompanying the
product.

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Important Safety Instructions

Lake LM Series Operation Manual Rev 1.3.5

1.4 WARNING

To reduce risk of re or electric shock, do not expose this apparatus to rain or moisture.

Pour réduire les risques de blessure ou le choc électrique, n’exposez pas l’appareil à la pluie ou à l’humidité.

Do not expose this system/apparatus to dripping or splashing and ensure that no objects lled with liquids, such
as vases, are placed on the apparatus.

L’appareil ne doit pas être exposé à des egouttements d’eau ou des éclaboussures et de plus qu’aucun objet
rempli de liquide tel que des vases ne doit pas être placé sur l’appareil.

This apparatus must be connected to a mains socket outlet with a protective ear thing connection.

Cet appareil doi t être raccordé á une prise de courant qui est branchée à la terre.

The mains plug is used as a disconnect device and shall remain readily operable.

Lorsque la prise du réseau d’alimentation est utilisés comme dispositif de déconnexion, ce dispositif doit
demeuré aisément accessible.

1.5 CAUTION

To reduce the risk of re or electric shock, do not remove screws. No user-serviceable parts inside.
Refer servicing to qualied service personnel.

Pour réduire le risque d’incendie ou de choc électrique, ne pas retirer les vis. Aucune pièce réparable par
l’utilisateur. Coner l’entretien àpersonnel qualié.

1.6 FCC Compliance Notice (Radio Interference)

A sample of this product has been tested and complies with the limits for the European Electro Magnetic
Compatibility (EMC) directive. This equipment has also been tested and found to comply with the limits for a
Class A digital device, pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable
protection against harmful interference from electrical equipment. This product uses radio frequency energy
and if not used or installed in accordance with these operating instructions, may cause interference to other
equipment, such as radio receivers.

This Class A digital apparatus complies with Canadian ICES-003.

Cet appareil numérique de la classe A est conforme à la norme NMB-003 du Canada.

However, there is no guarantee that interference will not occur in a particular installation. If this equipment
does cause harmful interference to radio or television reception, which can be determined by turning the
equipment on and off, the user is encouraged to try to correct the interference by one or more of the
following measures:

▸ Reorient or relocate the antenna.

▸ Increase the separation between the equipment and receiver.

Important Safety Instructions

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Lake LM Series Operation Manual Rev 1.3.5

▸ Connect the equipment to an outlet on a circuit different from that to which the receiver is connected.

▸ Check if the affected unit complies with the EMC limits for immunity, (CE-labeled). If not, address the

problem with the manufacturer or supplier. All electrical products sold in the EC must be approved for
immunity against electromagnetic elds, high voltage ashes, and radio interference.

▸ Consult the dealer or an experienced radio/TV technician for help.

1.7 User Responsibility

1.7.1 Mains Connection Grounding

Your apparatus must be connected to a grounded socket outlet.

1.7. 2 Maintenance

For safe and reliable operation, the dust lter on the right-hand side air intake should be removed and
cleaned regularly to ensure maximum airow through the device.

If the dust lter is not maintained there will be safety risks; for example, high internal temperatures
could ignite the dust and start a re. There is also a risk that the unit will malfunction since it is dependent
on constant airow from right to left. If the dust lter is not clean and the unit malfunctions, any resulting
problems will not be covered by the warranty.

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Lake LM Series Operation Manual Rev 1.3.5

Table of Contents

1. Important Safety Instructions ................................................................................................................ i

1.1 Important Safety Instructions ............................................................................................................... i

1.2 Standards .............................................................................................................................................. i

1.3 Explanation of Graphical Symbols ......................................................................................................... i

1.4 WA RNIN G ............................................................................................................................................ ii

1.5 CAU TION ............................................................................................................................................. ii

1.6 FCC Compliance Notice (Radio Interference) ....................................................................................... ii

1.7 User Responsibility ..............................................................................................................................iii

2. Welcome ...................................................................................................................................................1

2.1 Introduction ......................................................................................................................................... 1

2.2 Main Features ......................................................................................................................................1

2.3 Additional Documentation .................................................................................................................... 2

3. Installation ................................................................................................................................................ 3

3.1 Unpacking ............................................................................................................................................3

3.2 Mounting .............................................................................................................................................. 3

3.3 Cooling ................................................................................................................................................. 3

3.4 Operating Voltage ................................................................................................................................ 4

3.5 Grounding ............................................................................................................................................. 4

4. Product Overview .................................................................................................................................... 5

4.1 Front Panel Overview ...........................................................................................................................5

4.2 Back Panel Overview ........................................................................................................................... 8

5. Signal Flow and Lake Processing ........................................................................................................ 11

5.1 Signal Flow ........................................................................................................................................ 11

5.2 Level Adjustments & Mute Points ..................................................................................................... 12

5.3 Lake Processing and Control .............................................................................................................. 13

5.4 Modules and Frames ........................................................................................................................ 13

5.5 Loudspeaker Processor (Contour Mode) Overview ........................................................................... 14

5.6 System Equalizer (Mesa Mode) Overview ......................................................................................... 14

5.7 Switching between Contour and Mesa Mode ................................................................................... 15

5.8 Files and Presets ................................................................................................................................ 15

6. Front Panel Interface ............................................................................................................................. 16

6.1 Overview ............................................................................................................................................ 16

6.2 Front Panel Key Lock .......................................................................................................................... 17

6.3 Power Button .................................................................................................................................. 17

6.4 Meter Button ...................................................................................................................................... 18

6.5 Menu Button ...................................................................................................................................... 18

6.6 Exit Button

........................................................................................................................................ 18

6.7 Dynamic Buttons, Controls and LEDs ................................................................................................ 18

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Lake LM Series Operation Manual Rev 1.3.5

6.8 Module I/O Mute Buttons and LED Meters ....................................................................................... 21

6.9 Meter Mode ....................................................................................................................................... 23

6.10 Menu Mode .......................................................................................................................................25

7. Back Panel Interface .............................................................................................................................. 42

7.1 Analog Inputs and Outputs ................................................................................................................42

7.2 AES3 Digital I/O ................................................................................................................................44

7.3 RJ45 etherCON Network Connections ..............................................................................................45

7.4 GPIO Connection ............................................................................................................................... 47

7.5 Universal Power Supply Connection .................................................................................................48

8. Appendix .................................................................................................................................................49

8.1 Faults and Warnings Overview ..........................................................................................................49

8.2 Maintenance ...................................................................................................................................... 50

8.3 Factory Default Settings.....................................................................................................................50

8.4 Glossary of Terms, Acronyms and Abbreviations ..............................................................................51

9. Application Guide ..................................................................................................................................54

9.1 Gain Structure ....................................................................................................................................54

9.2 Gain / Level Optimization ...................................................................................................................55

9.3 Digital Audio Connections .................................................................................................................. 55

9.4 Digital Clock Conguration ................................................................................................................. 57

9.5 Signal Processing Latency .................................................................................................................59

10. Technical Specications .......................................................................................................................61

11. Warranty and Support .......................................................................................................................... 62

11.1 General .............................................................................................................................................. 62

11.2 International Warranties ..................................................................................................................... 62

11.3 Technical Assistance and Service ......................................................................................................62

11.4 Trademarks .........................................................................................................................................63

Welcome

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Lake LM Series Operation Manual Rev 1.3.5

2. Welcome

2.1 Introduction

Thank you for choosing the Lake LM Series of Digital Audio Processors. We are condent that you will be
pleased with the performance, unique features, conguration exibility, reliability, and long-term durability
offered by this product.

For fast installation and use of this product, your welcome package includes a printed copy of the LM Series
Quick Start & Field Reference Guide which contains the information required to safely install the product and
place it in service. Control and editing features are accessible via the front panel interface or via the included
Lake Controller software.

It is recommended that the Quick Start & Field Reference Guide and all product documentation on the
included CD-ROM / USB key is reviewed to ensure familiarity with the various conguration and control
options.

Thank you again for placing your condence in Lake products.

2.2 Main Features

The LM Series incorporates a number of sophisticated technologies to ensure the best possible perfor­mance and many years of reliable operation. The following section summarizes the benets of each feature;
additional information is available in the reference manuals.

2.2.1 Lake Processing and Controller

LM Series devices integrate seamlessly into the Lake Processing environment and are accessible via the
Lake Controller software. Processing modules offer precise settings for gain, delay, crossover settings,
equalization and limiting. Lake processing features incorporated in each module include Raised Cosine
Equalization

™

, linear phase crossovers, and LimiterMax™ loudspeaker protection. The Super Module feature
allows hardware processing modules in two or more separate devices to function as a single module in the
Lake Controller software. Please refer to the Lake Controller Operation Manual for further information.

2.2.2 Analyzer Plug-In

Lake Controller software provides integration with third-party real-time analyzers, providing simultaneous
measurement display and EQ adjustment via the Lake Controller. Approved analyzers include Rational
Acoustics Smaart 7, SysTune from AMFG, and WaveCapture Live‐Capture Light or Live- Capture Pro; ad­ditional third-party analyzers may be approved in the future.

Please refer to the Lake Controller Operation Manual for further information regarding the Analyzer plug-in
and associated functionality.

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Welcome

Lake LM Series Operation Manual Rev 1.3.5

2.2.3 Dante™ Audio Network

LM Series devices include Dante digital audio networking as standard. Utilizing the latest advances in
Ethernet technology, Dante offers simplied system conguration and extremely low latency while deliver­ing very high quality uncompressed digital audio across the Lake network. The Zen™ automatic conguration
feature enables plug-and-play setup without third-party DHCP or DNS servers. Dante is compatible with
high-bandwidth networks, allowing large numbers of audio channels to be distributed alongside control and
analyzer data.

2.3 Additional Documentation

This document, the Lake LM Series Operation Manual, serves as the primary reference source for detailed
information on the installation and operation of LM Series devices. It also provides detailed information on
set-up and conguration using the front-panel interface.

If you intend to use the device as part of a networked system, or access features via the Lake Controller,
please refer to the various supporting documents which can be located via these methods:

▸ Start > Programs > Lake Controller > Documentation (after installing Lake Controller software)

▸ On the included installer CD-ROM / USB key, or via the downloaded software installer

▸ Online at: http://labgruppen.com/products/documentation/

Installation

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Lake LM Series Operation Manual Rev 1.3.5

3. Installation

3.1 Unpacking

Carefully open the shipping carton and check for any damage to the device or the supplied accessories.
Every Lake product is tested and inspected before leaving the factory and should arrive in perfect condition.
If any damage is discovered, please notify the shipping company immediately. Only the consignee may
initiate a claim with the carrier or their insurers for damage incurred during shipping. Save the carton and
packing materials for the carrier’s inspection.

In addition to the Lake LM Series device, the shipping carton include the following items:

▸ Lake LM Series Quick Start & Field Reference Guide

▸ AC mains lead (IEC power cable) with locking connector

▸ AES break-out cable (8-in, 8-out)

▸ Ethernet Cable

▸ Software Installer and Documentation CD-ROM or USB key

Please keep the original carton and associated packaging to facilitate shipping of the device should the need
arise.

3.2 Mounting

Airow for cooling the device is from side to side (right-side intake to left-side fan). Please ensure there is
sufcient space on each side of the unit to allow airow; the space provided by standard rack-rails should
be sufcient. This device has no top or bottom vents and therefore may be stacked directly on top of each
other.

Sufcient space should be available at the front of the rack to accommodate the handles, and at the rear to
accommodate connectors and cables; allowance must be made for cable or loom bends within a rack.

3.3 Cooling

The Lake LM Series devices use a forced-air cooling system, with airow from right to left. The dust lter
on the air intake (right-side) should be regularly cleaned, especially after exposure to dusty environments, to
ensure the maximum possible airow through the unit.

This device is designed to operate in situations where the ambient temperature is below 55

o

C (131oF).

Automatic actions and warnings occur at following temperature thresholds:

▸ At 40

o

C (104oF) or less, the fan is OFF

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Lake LM Series Operation Manual Rev 1.3.5

▸ At more than 40oC (104oF) the fan is ON

▸ At 55

o

C (131oF) a temperature warning is indicated on the front panel as ‘TEMP WARNING’ and in the

Controller Event Log as ‘Temp warning: DSP area’.

▸ At 70

o

C (158oF) the device has exceeded the maximum normal operating temperature. This fault is

indicated on the front panel as ‘OVERTEMP’ and in the Controller Event Log as ‘Temp fault: DSP area’.

The Processor will NOT mute or shut down when the
temperature reaches or exceeds 70

o

C (158 oF), however,
sustained performance at this temperature cannot be
guaranteed.

3.4 Operating Voltage

The label above the IEC connector indicates the AC mains voltage range for which the device is approved.

LM Series devices utilize a universal power supply, and will operate within the range 70-265V~50-60Hz :
25W. If the plug on the IEC cable provided is not appropriate for your country, a locally-sourced IEC cable
with the appropriate molded plug should be used. A locking IEC cable is not necessary in order to power
the device, although is essential if locking functionality is required. Once a suitable AC power supply is
connected, the device can be turned on using the front panel power button. When the device is turned on,
the power button LED changes from red (Standby) to green (Active).

3.5 Grounding

Analog inputs and outputs feature Iso-Float™ ground isolation, a technology which combines the benets of
transformer-coupled isolation with the advantages of clean, direct-coupled inputs and outputs.

The audio converters are galvanically isolated, and not connected to mains ground. High-speed transformers
and opto-isolators create a barrier between the device and the outside electrical environment.

The Iso-Float feature is activated by default, but may
be disabled via the Lake Controller software, or via
the front panel menu.

Use correctly-shielded balanced audio input connections to minimise hum and interference. Please refer to
section 7.1.5 for further information.

NEVER disconnect the earth (ground) pin on the mains cable (AC power cord).

Product Overview

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Lake LM Series Operation Manual Rev 1.3.5

4. Product Overview

This chapter provides an overview of key features and functionality. For further information please see
chapters 5 to 9 of this Operation Manual.

4.1 Front Panel Overview

Figure 4-1: LM Series Front Panel Overview

The front panel controls are clustered around a daylight readable LCD , allowing adjustment and monitor­ing of the majority parameters and meters. The two clusters of controls on either side of the LCD include
three dedicated function buttons , six dynamic function buttons with embedded LEDs and a
rotary data encoder . To the right of these controls is a dynamic illuminated I/O divider along with input
and output mute buttons and level meters.

Handles

Two sturdy cast aluminium handles are integrated into the front panel. The handles should be used when
carrying the device, and when tting into or removing from a rack. Ensure that any door or removable rack
front cover has sufcient depth to clear the handles.

Standby

LM Series devices are powered on and placed into standby mode using the left-most button, or via the
Lake Controller. Standby mode is not equivalent to turning the device off at the mains power.

All audio in and out of the processor is muted when
in Standby mode. Network communication remains
active to allow the device to be turned on via the
Lake Controller.

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Product Overview

Lake LM Series Operation Manual Rev 1.3.5

Display

The display illuminates when the device is on. The LCD, function buttons, and the rotary encoder provide
real-time control and monitoring of most parameters. The LEDs embedded in the function buttons indicate
available menu options, provide conrmation of Controller communication, and indicate various faults and
warnings.

The brightness and contrast of the display and front panel LEDs can be adjusted via the front panel menu.

Please refer to chapter 6 for further details.

Meter

The METER button scrolls through various meter views including the default Home View, Input Meters View
(Mesa Mode only) and I/O Status View. Pressing METER from Menu Mode returns the screen to Meter
Mode with the Home View displayed. Please refer to section for further details.

Menu

After pressing the MENU button, the LCD will display the top level menu. In Menu Mode the dynamic func­tion buttons enable access to various information and functionality. Please refer to section 6.5 for further
details.

Exit

The EXIT button is used primarily while navigating the menu system in Menu Mode; pressing EXIT will
return the menu up one level. In Meter Mode, pressing EXIT returns the metering display to the default
Home View.

Dynamic Function Buttons with LEDs (Left of LCD)

The function of these buttons change according to the currently selected view or menu.

The left LED in the top button illuminates white to indicate the Frame is selected in the Lake Controller, or
ashes white to indicate communication from the Lake Controller. If this button is pressed while in Home
View, and with the Lake Controller on the Home page or the Modules Menu, the associated Module/s of the
selected frame will be highlighted in the Controller (Module A in Contour Mode, or Modules A&B in Mesa
Mode).

The three LEDs on the right side of each button illuminate white when an associated option is available on
the LCD screen.

Please refer to chapter 6 for further details.

Product Overview

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Lake LM Series Operation Manual Rev 1.3.5

Dynamic Function Buttons with LEDs (Right of LCD)

The function of these buttons change according to the currently selected view or menu.

The right bi-color LED in the top button illuminates red or yellow to indicate faults or warnings. If this button
is pressed while in Home View, and with the Lake Controller on the Home page or the Modules Menu, the
associated Module/s of the selected frame will be highlighted in the Controller (Module B in Contour Mode,
or Modules C&D in Mesa Mode).

The three LEDs on the left side of each button illuminate white when an associated option is available on
the LCD screen.

Please refer to chapter 6 for further details.

Rotary Encoder

The rotary encoder is used to modify various parameters (e.g. input level) via the menu. When a menu item
is selected that permits adjustment of parameter values, the ring around the rotary encoder illuminates. In
Home View the encoder can be used to scroll through the Meter Views.

Dynamic Illuminated I/O Divider

The dynamic illuminated divider moves position to indicate the split between inputs and outputs for meter­ing and mute purposes in the two different modes of conguration. Contour Mode provides two Module
inputs, and six Module outputs; Mesa Mode provides four Module inputs and four Module outputs.
The LED meters and mute buttons to the left of the illuminated divider relate to the Module inputs; the LED
meters and mute buttons to the right of the divider relate to the Module outputs.

The I/O divider is not illuminated in I/O Status View as all eight LED meters and associated mute buttons are
used for Input Router signal and mute functionality.

Module Input / Output Mute Buttons and LED Meters

Independent mute buttons and LED meters are provided for the Module inputs and outputs. The number of
inputs and outputs varies depedning on processor and module conguration. Refer to the description above
regarding the Dynamic Illuminated I/O Divider.

The LED meters for each channel are split into ve segments: The bottom three segments (green) indicate
signal; the 4th segment (yellow) indicates signal 2 dB below clipping; and the 5th segment (red) indicates
signal clipping.

The embedded LED in each mute button conrms whether the associated Module input/s or output/s are
muted (red), unmuted (white), associated input router is muted (pink), or unused (not illuminated).

Please refer to section 6.8 for further information.

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Product Overview

Lake LM Series Operation Manual Rev 1.3.5

4.2 Back Panel Overview

Figure 4-2: LM 26 Back Panel Layout

Figure 4-3: LM 44 Back Panel Layout

Analog Outputs

Analog outputs are provided via standard XLR3M connections. The outputs are electronically balanced
and feature Lake Iso-Float circuitry; it is not recommended to use unbalanced connections. The output
impedance is 50 ohms, providing a maximum output level of +21 dBu. Please refer to section 7.1 for further
information.

Analog Inputs

Analog inputs are provided via standard XLR3F latching connectors. The inputs are electronically balanced
and feature Lake Iso-Float circuitry; it is not recommended to use unbalanced connections. The impedance
is 20 kohms (balanced), and the inputs can accept a maximum input level of +26 dBu. Please refer to section

7.1 for further information.

AES3 I/O

AES inputs and outputs are provided via a 25-pin DB25 connector. Inputs can be received on AES1 (Ch.1,2)
and AES2 (Ch.3,4) for all LM Series devices; the LM 44 also allows input from AES3 (Ch.5,6) and AES4
(Ch.7,8).

Outputs are via AES1 (Ch.1,2), AES2 (Ch.3,4), AES3 (Ch.5,6) and AES4 (Ch.7,8). Please refer to section 7.2
for further information.

Product Overview

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Lake LM Series Operation Manual Rev 1.3.5

The sample rates available for AES3 inputs and outputs are 44.1, 48, 88.2, 96, 176.4, 192 kHz; input and
output sample rates can be congured to lock to different sample rates.

Primary Network Connector

The primary Neutrik RJ45 etherCON

®

connection provides integration into an Ethernet control network
which may include other Lake Processors and the Lake Controller software. Network connection permits full
control of all functions along with real-time metering from a remote position. This device supports the Dante
audio networking protocol, which allows transmission of multichannel, high-denition digital audio over the
same Ethernet connection.

Use the primary connector when using a star network topology, consisting of individual Cat-5e connections
between the devices and an Ethernet switch. Alternatively this connection can be used to daisy chain
directly to another Lake Processor. The daisy chain topology should not be used with Dante.

For a technical reference of the Ethernet Port, please refer to section 7.3 . Additional information is also
available in the Lake Network Conguration Guide.

The Ethernet ports automatically switch to operate at Ethernet data
rates of 100 Mbps or 1000 Mbps, and allow straight or crossed
network cables. Two LEDs above each port indicate valid network
connection (LINK) and network activity (ACT).

Secondary Connector

The secondary network connector can be used to daisy-chain multiple LM & PLM Series devices. Alterna­tively, a Dante dual-network topology can be created by connecting all secondary network connectors to a
separate Ethernet switch, ensuring full redundancy in the event of a network component failure.

Additional processor conguration is required for a
dual redundant network setup. See the Lake
Controller Operation Manual for further details.

For a technical reference of the Ethernet Port, please refer to section 7.3 . Additional information is also
available in the Lake Network Conguration Guide.

When connecting multiple devices to an Ethernet
network, care must be taken NOT to create a closed
loop which causes network malfunction.

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Product Overview

Lake LM Series Operation Manual Rev 1.3.5

GPIO Connector

A 9-pin GPIO (General Purpose Input Output) connection is provided to enable integration with external
systems such as alarm/re systems, providing basic control of power state, mute along with fault notica­tion to an external monitoring system. Please refer to sections 6.10.4.4 and 7.4 for further details.

Mains Power Connector

A universal power supply capable of accepting 70-265 V ~ 50- 60 Hz : 25 W is built into LM Series devices.
The IEC power cable provided includes a locking feature via a pin on the bottom of the connector; the
connector can accept standard or locking IEC power cables.

The power supply must be connected to AC mains using a power cable with a correctly wired plug for the
country of operation.

Signal Flow and Lake Processing

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Lake LM Series Operation Manual Rev 1.3.5

5. Signal Flow and Lake Processing

5.1 Signal Flow

The gures below depict the audio signal ow for LM Series devices congured in both Contour and Mesa
modes. It is worth noting that this sophisticated device provides up to ve points in the signal chain where
the signal level can be adjusted, muted or disconnected (depending on whether congured in Contour or
Mesa Mode as described below). The blue sections represent Frame data, and the red sections represent
Module data - please refer to the Lake Controller Operation Manual for further information.

Important information regarding correct setting of the gain structure can be found in section 9.1.

Figure 5-1: LM Series Signal Flow (Contour Mode)

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Signal Flow and Lake Processing

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Figure 5-2: LM Series Signal Flow (Mesa Mode)

Please refer to section 6.10.4.2 for information on changing the Frame conguration between Contour and
Mesa Modes.

5.2 Level Adjustments & Mute Points

The numbers below correspond the points identied inFigure 5-1 and Figure 5-2.

Input Router Stage - Input selection and MUTE

Input Mixer Stage - Router ON/OFF connection to mixer and gain settings

Module Input Stage - Mute (N/A for LM Series Mesa Mode) and gain settings

Module Output Stage - Mute and gain settings

Output Router Stage - Output ON/OFF routing connections

In Contour Mode, a Module can be connected to Input Routers 1-4 providing all ve stages of mute/connec­tivity functionality via the front panel interface or the Lake Controller; Input Routers 5- 8 allow stage 1 input
selection only (MUTE unavailable), along with stage 5 output ON/OFF routing connections (i.e. pass-thru).

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In Mesa Mode, a Module can be connected to any of the eight input routers, providing four stages of mute/
connectivity (stage 1,2,4 & 5).

If the required audio signal is not passing correctly,
verify the connection, mute and gain settings at all
ve stages.

5.3 Lake Processing and Control

As outlined in section 2.2.1, this device integrates seamlessly into the Lake Processing environment,
providing all features, functionality and connectivity associated with all Lake Processors. The internal Lake
Processing includes programmable crossovers, EQ, dynamics and other functions, and can be fully con­trolled via the supplied Lake Controller software. Additionally, many functions can be controlled or accessed
directly via the front panel.

The Lake Controller Operation Manual and Lake Network Conguration Guide are supplied on the accom­panying CD-ROM or USB key and additional documentation is available from the Start Menu after software
installation.

Visit http://lakeprocessing.com to download the latest software, rmware and documentation for your
devices.

5.4 Modules and Frames

5.4 .1 Overview

A Frame represents one physical Lake Processor (e.g. LM 26 or LM 44). In Contour Mode, a maximum
of two Modules are contained within each Frame; these are referred to as Module A and Module B. The
number of Modules shown in a given Frame is also dependent upon the signal processing conguration of
that Frame. In Mesa Mode each Frame contains four Modules labelled A, B, C & D.

In Contour Mode, each Module can be congured as a Classic Crossover (Bessel, Butterworth, Linkwitz­Riley), as a Linear Phase Crossover, or as multiple full bandwidth Auxiliary Outputs. The default conguration
for the LM 26 is 2 x Classic 3-Way Modules, providing a total of six Module outputs. The default congura­tion for an LM 44 is four Mesa EQ Modules, providing a total of four Module outputs.

Please refer to the Lake Controller Operation Manual for further information.

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5.4.2 Super Modules

Super Modules allow control of multiple Modules of the same type, distributed across multiple Frames, as
a single entity within the Lake Controller software. A change made in the Super Module is replicated across
all assigned Modules, resulting in improved efciency in system conguration and a reduction of on-screen
icons within the Lake Controller software.

The key benet of this feature is the ability to connect and control crossovers, levels and EQ across multiple
hardware devices simultaneously from the Lake Controller. For example, one device may be driving sub and
low-frequency speakers, while another device controls mid-range and hi-frequency drivers. Using a single
adjustment the crossover points between the two devices can be changed simultaneously.

Please refer to the Lake Controller Operation Manual for further information regarding Super Modules.

5.5 Loudspeaker Processor (Contour Mode) Overview

In Contour Mode, LM Series devices may be congured with up to two processing Modules containing a
total of up to six processing Module outputs as shown in Figure 5-1 on page 11. Each set of processing
elements is referred to as a Module and can be congured as crossovers, full-bandwidth auxiliary outputs,
or a combination of the two. The relationship between inputs and outputs is dened via the Lake Controller
or via the front panel I/O CONFIG Menu.

The Lake Processing system provides two distinct categories of crossovers:

▸ Innite Impulse Response lters (IIR) such as the classic Bessel, Butterworth or Linkwitz-Riley types;

these are available with slopes ranging from 6 dB/octave to 48 dB/octave.

▸ Finite Impulse Response lters (FIR) providing zero phase shift with steep transition slopes at the

crossover frequencies. These are also referred to as Linear Phase Crossovers.

Further details on crossovers and module types is available in the Lake Controller Operation Manual.

5.6 System Equalizer (Mesa Mode) Overview

In Mesa Mode, an LM Series device provides four processing Modules with independant EQ, HPF/
LPF, Gain, Polarity, Delay and Limiters. The relationship between inputs and outputs is dened via the
Lake Controller or via the front panel I/O Input Cong Menu.

Please refer to the Lake Controller Operation Manual for addiitonal information on Mesa Mode and associ­ated I/O routing.

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5.7 Switching between Contour and Mesa Mode

When switching between Contour and Mesa Modes, all current Frame conguration data is lost (Presets
are retained) and the device is completely recongured into the selected Mode. Ensure you have stored any
existing frame conguration data before conguring into a different mode.

The device conguration may be changed either via the Front Panel MENU > FRAME > FRAME RST (refer
to section 6.10.4.2) or via the Lake Controller MODULES > I/O CONFIG > FRAME CONFIG menu (refer to
the Lake Controller Operation Manual).

5.8 Files and Presets

The Lake system provides various methods for storing and recalling Module, Frame, or system-wide data.
An overview is provided below; for further information please refer to the Lake Controller Operation Manual.

5.8 .1 Module, System and Sub-System Conguration Files

Module, System and Sub-System Conguration les are stored on the Lake Controller PC, and data is
passed across the network when recalling or storing these type of les.

▸ A Module le is the smallest set of data that can be stored and recalled; it contains crossover, gain,

delay, and limiter information for an individual loudspeaker (i.e. the data shown in red in the signal ow
diagrams in section 5.1). A Module le may be recalled into other Lake devices. It is not possible to
store a Module File directly on the hardware device.

▸ A System or Sub-System Conguration File contains a set of Module le information in addition to

Frame related information such Group data and I/O conguration (i.e. the data shown in blue in the
signal ow diagrams in section 5.1).

5.8.2 Frame and System Presets

The entire processor conguration can be stored as a Frame Preset on this hardware device. Presets can
be recalled via the front panel (refer to section 6.10.6) or via the Lake Controller software or Preset Manager
utility; presets can be stored using the Lake Controller software or Preset Manager utility.

A maximum of 100 Frame Presets can be stored on this device. The data within a Frame Preset includes the
congurations of all Modules in the Frame, including levels, crossover, EQ, input mixer, routing, and all other
parameters. As Frame Presets are stored in the hardware device, recall is available without using a PC.

Using the System Presets function in the Lake Controller, entire system congurations can be stored and
recalled across a network of LM & PLM Series devices. This enables fast retrieval and switching of entire
system congurations as minimal data is being sent between the Controller and Processors.

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6. Front Panel Interface

An overview of the front panel interface is provided in section 4.1. This chapter describes each cluster of
controls as shown in Figure 6-1.

Figure 6-1: Front Panel Interface

6.1 Overview

The front panel interface is framed by two sturdy cast aluminium handles . The majority of functions
on LM Series devices can be operated and monitored via the following controls and display features: On/
standby button , front-panel LCD display screen , function buttons , rotary encoder , a
dynamic illuminated I/O divider and the dedicated Module input output mute buttons and LED meters .

The front panel has two basic modes: Meter Mode and Menu Mode.

▸ Meter Mode provides the following views: Home View (default), Input Meters View (Mesa Mode only)

and I/O Status View. To navigate through these views, press the METER button. Please refer to section

6.8 for further information on Meter Mode.

▸ Menu Mode provides various menus for viewing and editing parameters and is selected by pressing the

MENU button. Select the required submenu by pressing the associated button. Please refer to section

6.10 for further information on Menu Mode.

6.1.1 Warning, Fault and Mute Indications

Fault or warning conditions are indicated via the LEDs embedded in the dynamic function buttons; a simulta­neous description is shown adjacent to the button, on the LCD.

Further information on faults and warnings is provided in section 6.7.2 and section 8.1.

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6.1. 2 Selecting a Module in the Lake Controller software via the device

It is sometimes useful to identify which Module icon/s in the Lake Controller software are associated with a
particular hardware Frame. To highlight the module in the Lake Controller software:

1. Ensure Meter Mode is selected

2. Press the button adjacent to the Module description on the LCD

If the Frame is online, but the Module is not in the work area, the selected Module will be centred on the
Module scroll bar (assuming the Modules Menu is selected in the Lake Controller).

6.2 Front Panel Key Lock

It is possible to lock the front panel buttons for security purposes. When this function is active, all front
panel controls are disabled and all adjustment must be made via the network. To lock controls, press and
hold button then simultaneously press button as shown in Figure 6-2; repeat this process to unlock.

Figure 6-2: Locking / Unlocking Front Panel Controls

A key icon will appear at the top of the display when
the Front Panel is locked.

6.3 Power Button

The unit is powered on by pressing the left-most button on the front panel, labelled in Figure 6-1. It has
a bi-color power symbol which illuminates red when connected to the AC mains and the unit is in standby
mode. It turns green when the button is pressed to turn the processor on. A subsequent press of this
button returns the unit to standby mode.

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6.4 Meter Button

The front panel display has two main operating modes, Meter Mode (default) and Menu Mode. In normal
operation, the display will be in Meter Mode.

The following views are available in Meter Mode: Home View (default), Input View (Mesa Mode only) and
I/O Status View. Pressing the METER button

scrolls through these views. Pressing the METER button

when in Menu Mode will return the system to Meter Mode, with the Home View displayed. Please refer to
section 6.9 for further information.

6.5 Menu Button

Menu Mode is selected by pressing the MENU button . The screen displays the top level menu with
various submenu options. Press the button adjacent to the required submenu to select it.

Pressing the MENU button while in Menu Mode will display the previous menu level.

Menu Mode is used for processor conguration, or for editing a parameter. Please refer to section 6.10 for
further details.

6.6 Exit Button

In Menu Mode, pressing the EXIT button returns back one menu level. In Meter Mode, pressing EXIT
returns the display to the Home View.

6.7 Dynamic Buttons, Controls and LEDs

Figure 6-3: LCD with Dynamic Buttons, Controls and LEDs

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6.7.1 Communication LED

This bright white LED signies selection in the Lake Controller, or Controller communication providing visual
conrmation of:

1. Network communication between the Lake Controller and the Lake Processor (Flashing LED).

2. Selection of the Lake Processor in the Lake Controller software (Steady LED).

The Communication LED can be dimmed via the
front panel by selecting Frame menu, and then Front

- Dimming.

6.7.2 Faults and Warnings LED

This LED turns red to indicate a fault or mute state and turns yellow to indicate a warning. Additional clari­cation of the fault or warning is displayed in the LCD. All mute, fault and warning states displayed on the
front panel are summarized in section 8.1.

Additional faults and warnings are reported in the Event Log of the Lake Controller only. All faults and
warnings recorded in the Event Log are listed in section 8.1 along with scenarios that may have arisen to
cause them.

Device Fault / Mute Description LCD Warning Text Event Log Warning Text

LM 44 Only A/ D PSU Fault PSU FAULT Frame Fault: PSU

All LM Series Protective Mute State PROTECTIVE MUTE Protective mute via GPIO

All LM Series Overtemperature OVERTEMP Temp Fault: DSP area

All LM Series No Input Source Available NO INPUT No Input Source

All LM Series Analog Input Fault ANALOG IN FAULT Frame Fault: Analog input

All LM Series Fan Alarm FAN FAULT Frame Fault: Fan error

All LM Series Input Router Mute INPUT RTR MUTE Input Router x mute

Table 6-1: Faults (RED FAULT / WARNING LED)

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Warning Description LCD Warning Text Event Log Warning Text

Digital Clock Slipping CLOCK SLIPPING AES/Dante input clock slipping

Temperature Warning TEMP WARNING Temp Warning: DSP area

Controller Ofine CTRL OFFLINE n/a

Device Name Conict NAME CONFLICT Dante device name conict

Table 6-2: Warnings (YELLOW FAULT / WARNING LED)

Module Input/Output mute status is indicated by the
dedicated mute button LEDs. Clipping is indicated
by the associated red meter segment. Please refer
to section 6.8 for further details.

6.7.3 Rotary Encoder

The rotary encoder is used to adjust parameters in conjunction with the selection made via the dynamic
function buttons and LCD menus. The ring around the rotary encoder illuminates when a selected parameter
is available for adjustment.

Turn the encoder clockwise to increase the selected parameter, or counter-clockwise to decrease the value.
Parameters with only two states (e.g. ON, OFF) are toggled by turning clockwise or counter-clockwise.
Some parameters enable simultaneous adjustment of a combination of input and output channels.

To select which channels are adjusted:

1. Press the associated soft button/s to select the parameter/s for editing.
A selected parameter is indicated by inverse text and background color.

2. Use the rotary encoder to change the value.

It is possible to select multiple parameters for simultaneous editing even if the values are different on each
channel. Turning the rotary encoder will adjust each parameter by the same increment. When in Meter
Mode, the rotary encoder allows the user to change between the available meter views.

Some menus permit parameters to be adjusted
across multiple channels simultaneously by default.

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6.7.4 Dynamic Function Buttons

The buttons surrounding the display are unlabeled because their functions change according to the currently
selected menu or display.

In Menu Mode these buttons are used to navigate the menu structure. A white LED illuminates on each
button when a valid menu option is available.

6.8 Module I/O Mute Buttons and LED Meters

LM Series devices provide mute functions at several points in the audio signal path. Please refer to section

5.1 for mute locations and descriptions. Three types of mute are available from the front panel:

1. Input Router Mutes

2. Module Input Mutes

3. Module Output Mutes

In Home View (default), Module Input and Output Mutes are controlled via the dedicated mute buttons
underneath each channel’s ve-segment LED meter as shown in Figure 6- 4.

Figure 6-4: Dedicated Module Input and Output Mutes - Home View

In Figure 6-4, the buttons labelled A & B provide Module input muting; the buttons labelled 1-6 provide
Module output muting.

The embedded LED in each mute button conrms whether the associated Module input/s or output/s are
muted (red), unmuted (white), associated input router is muted (pink), or unused (not illuminated) as shown
in Figure 6-5.

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A pink LED indicates a partial mute caused by a mute on an Input Router used by the associated Input
Mixer. If all Input Routers used by an Input Mixer are muted the LED turns red to indicate a full mute; this
type of mute cannot be unmuted from Home View. Input router mutes are accessed via the I/O Status View
as described below, or via the Lake Controller Levels screen as described in the Lake Controller Operation
Manual.

Figure 6-5: Mute Button LED Colours and States

In I/O Status View (accessed via the METER button as described in section 6.9.3) the front panel mute
buttons and meters change to show Input Router mutes and Input Router metering; the dynamic I/O divider
line is not present and the buttons and meters change to represent the input router mute status and associ­ated metering.

The number of Input Routers varies depending on the whether the frame is congured as Contour or Mesa
as shown in Figure 6-6; the number and location of the Input Router channels is identied by the labels
R1-R8.

Figure 6-6: I/O Status View - Input Router Mutes and Meters

The Input Router Mutes can also be viewed and changed via buttons adjacent to each label the front panel
I/O Status view.

6. 8 .1 Module Input and Output Mutes

In Home View, dedicated mute buttons are provided for the Module inputs and Module outputs. To mute
or unmute a module input or output, tap the corresponding button. The button illuminates as described in
section 6.8 and shown in Figure 6-5.

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Module input mutes are only available in Contour Mode; Module input mutes are not applicable in Mesa
Mode. The quantity and position of the output mute buttons changes as shown in Figure 6-4 depending on
whether the device is congured in Contour Mode (six outputs) or Mesa Mode (four outputs).

Please refer to the Lake Controller Operation Manual for details of Module mute controls via the software.

6.8.2 Clip Indication

The dedicated 5-segment metering LEDs (Figure 6-4 ) display Module input and output clip or pre-clip
conditions. Additionally, the faults and warnings LED described in section 6.7.2 provides clip warnings for
input mutes, or GPIO protective mutes, along with conrmation text on the LCD screen.

Clipping is monitored at the following positions in the signal chain:

▸ Analog Inputs: If the input signal exceeds either +12 dBu or +26 dBu (according to analog sensitivity

setting), a clip indication will be given. This does not apply if digital inputs are selected.

▸ Module Inputs: If the signal level at this point exceeds +25 dBu, a clip indication will be given.

▸ Module Outputs: If the signal level at this point exceeds +21 dBu, a clip indication will be given.

6.9 Meter Mode

6. 9 .1 Home View (Contour Mode)

The default view when powering on an LM Series device device congured in Contour Mode is the Meter
Mode > Home View as shown in Figure 6-7.

Figure 6-7: Meter Mode > Home View

Home View (Contour Mode) provides a summary of Module I/O gain level and limiter gain reduction, along
with frame, module and channel labeling information.

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6.9.2 Home View (Mesa Mode)

The default view when powering on an LM Series device congured in Mesa Mode is Meter Mode > Home
View as shown in .

Figure 6-8: Meter Mode > Home View (Mesa - Module Outputs)

Home View (Mesa Mode) provides a summary of Module output gain level and limiter gain reduction, along
with frame, module and channel labeling information.

Input Meters (Mesa Mode)

Pressing the METER button from Home View in Mesa Mode will display the Input Meters View similar to
that shown in Figure 6-9. This view is not available in Contour Mode as Contour Mode Home View includes
both input and output metering information.

Figure 6-9: Meter Mode > Input Meters (Mesa Only)

6.9.3 I/O Status View

Pressing the METER button from Home View (once in Contour Mode, twice in Mesa Mode) results in the
I/O Status View being displayed, similar to that shown in Figure 6-10. There are two pages to this screen;
press the meter button again to display page two. Page one displays the selected input status and metering
information for input routers 1-4, page two displays input routers 5-8.

In I/O Status View, the front panel mute button and metering LED’s change to represent the Input Router
mute status an metering levels as described in 6.8.

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Figure 6-10: Meter Mode > I/O Status View

This section displays the screen title (left) and frame fault or warning description (right)

This section displays conrmation of the following settings:

Master - Dante Clock Master (no icon = Dante Slave or Dante Disabled)
AES - AES3 Input Terminated (no icon = Unterminated)
I N P. - Analog Inputs Iso-Float Grounded (no icon = Floating)
O U T P. - Analog Outputs Iso-Float Grounded (no icon = Floating)

- Dante Slave Only (no icon = device may be used as Dante Clock Master)
REDUNDANT - Dual Redundancy networking enabled

The main section of the I/O Status View displays status and metering information for four of the eight
input routers. The information displayed for each input includes the currently selected input source type,
input router gain level meter (displayed as a horizontal bar and numeric dB, and also shown on the main
front panel LED meters), input mute status, analog headroom, digital sample rate, digital clock selection and
digital clock locking status.

If an Input Router is muted, the top-right LED is illuminated red as shown in Figure 6-10, and the frame fault
text in section A of the screen will display INPUT MUTE. The fault and warning LED illuminates red or yellow
in all Meter and Menu Views as described in section 6.7.2 and section 8.1.

These buttons allow muting/unmuting of the associated device input router. Conrmation of each input
router’s mute status is displayed on the LCD next to the associated button as shown for input 2 in Figure
6-10. To view inputs 5-8 (I/O Status 2) press the METER button, or turn the rotary encoder clockwise.

The faults and warnings LED is accompanied by text on the top-right side of the LCD. The LED illumi­nates red if any input is muted, or if another fault condition occurs; it illuminates yellow if a warning condition
arises. Please refer to section 6.7.2 for further details.

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6.10 Menu Mode

6.10.1 Overview

The majority of functions can be accessed via Menu Mode on the front panel. These functions include
the adjustment of gain, delay, limiters, input and output routing, and the ability to recall Frame Presets.
Menu Mode can be accessed at any time by pressing the MENU button.

After pressing the MENU button, various submenu options are displayed as shown in Figure 6-11

.

Figure 6-11: Menu Mode > Main Menu

Press the illuminated button adjacent to the required option to display an associated submenu. When
parameter level is reached, individual parameters may be selected for adjustment by pressing the adjacent
button. The selected parameter value/s are highlighted, and are adjustable using the rotary encoder.

A parameter may be adjusted simultaneously across multiple channels by selecting all values to be adjusted;
any current value offsets are retained. Some parameters default to multiple selection, with all inputs or
outputs adjusted simultaneously. Changes are effected in real-time and a stored without further conrma­tion. Pressing EXIT returns to the previous menu level, automatically retaining any parameter changes.

All parameters are also editable via the Lake
Controller unless specied otherwise.

6.10.1.1 Parameters with Individual Values and Group Totals

The following parameters display two values:

▸ MODULE > GAIN

▸ MODULE > DELAY

▸ MODULE > LIMITERS > MAXRMS LEVEL

▸ MODULE > LIMITERS > MAXPEAK LEVEL

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The Module parameter can be adjusted using the rotary encoder. The Group total (shown in brackets) is only
adjustable using the Groups function in the Lake Controller.

The Group total is the sum of the individual Module value plus any values for this parameter on all Groups to
which the Module is assigned. Please refer to the Lake Controller Operation Manual for further information
on Groups.

6.10.1. 2 Menu Structure Overview

From the Main Menu, the following submenus are available, as shown in Figure 6-11 and described in the
following sections.

▸ MODULE (See section 6.10.2)

▸ Mixer Gain
▸ Gain
▸ Delay
▸ Polarity
▸ Limiters

▸ INPUT CONFIGURATION (See section 6.10.3)

▸ Input Router
▸ AES Termination
▸ Iso-Float
▸ Output Router

▸ FRAME (See section 6.10.4)

▸ Frame Information
▸ Frame Reset
▸ Latency Match
▸ GPIO Conguration
▸ Front Panel

▸ FRAME PRESETS (See section 6.10.6)

▸ Preset Recall

For simplicity, the following sections refer to the
buttons by their associated name on the LCD
screen. E.g. ‘Press GAIN’ equates to ‘Press the
button adjacent to the Gain label on the LCD’.

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6.10. 2 Module Submenu

MENU > MODULE

After selecting the Module Menu, the screen shown in Figure 6-12 is displayed. Press the illuminated button
adjacent to the required option to view or edit the associated parameters.

Figure 6-12: Module Submenu

6.10.2 .1 Mixer Gain

MENU > MODULE > MIXER GAIN

Figure 6-13: Module Input Mixer Gain Edit Screen

The top left button labeled PAGE toggles between the input mixer gain settings for each Module in the
Frame. Press any other illuminated button to select a parameter for editing then use the rotary encoder to
make adjustments. Multiple parameters may be selected and adjusted together.

6.10.2.2 Gain

MENU > MODULE > GAIN

For frames where both Modules have four output channels or less, a detailed parameter screen as shown
in Figure 6-14 is displayed. Where Module A has ve output channels or more, the combined summary edit
screen shown in Figure 6-15 is the only screen available.

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Figure 6-14: Single Module Gain Edit Screen

Pressing the top left PAGE button scrolls between the following three views for modules with four output
channels or less:

1. Module A Input and Output Gain Settings (with Group totals)

2. Module B Input and Output Gain Settings (with Group totals)

3. Module A & B Combined Summary (without Group totals)

Pressing any other illuminated button on any of these three screens allows direct editing of the Module
parameter using the rotary encoder.

Figure 6-15: Module A+B Combined Gain Summary Edit Screen

On the combined module summary screen, use the NAV button to navigate through the channels, and the
SEL button to select a parameter for editing. Selected parameters are highlighted using inverse video on the
value. The navigation cursor is identied by a bounding box around the abbreviated channel label. Multiple
gain values may be adjusted in 0.1 dB increments subject to dened level limits.

6.10.2 .3 Delay

MENU > MODULE > DELAY

Module Delay adjustment follows the same logic as Module Gain. Please refer to section 6.10.2.2 for further
information. Multiple delay values may be adjusted simultaneously in 0.1 ms increments, subject to dened
level limits.

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The audio signal may be delayed (typically for reasons of driver or delay subsystem alignment) at either
the Module inputs or on individual outputs. Delay added at the inputs affects all outputs equally, and will
be generally be introduced to time-align arrays of loudspeakers at different locations. Delaying individual
outputs may be desirable to time-align drivers in the same cabinet or array.

6.10.2 .4 Phase (Polarity)

MENU > MODULE > PHASE

Module Phase adjustment follows the same logic as Module Gain. Please refer to the section 6.10.2.2 for
further information. Phase may be changed on one input or output at a time.

Audio phase reversal is available at the inputs to Module A and Module B, and also individually on the
six output channels. The LCD displays ‘Positive’ for normal operation, and ‘Negative’ when the phase is
inverted.

6.10.2 .5 Limiters

MENU > MODULE > LIMITERS

LimiterMax parameters can be adjusted via this submenu. By default, simultaneous adjustment of most
limiter parameters across all output channels is selected, although channels may be adjusted individually if
required. Attack and Release times must be adjusted individually per channel.

MaxPeak Level (MaxPeakLvl)

This sets the maximum peak signal level at the Module outputs. It is adjustable from -30 dBu to +30 dBu
in 0.1 dB increments, subject to user-dened level limits. The Group total is displayed (in brackets) for each
channel.

MaxRMS Level (MaxRMSLvl)

This sets the maximum RMS signal level at the Module outputs. It is adjustable from -30 dBu to +30 dBu
in 0.1 dB increments, subject to user-dened level limits. The Group total is displayed (in brackets) for each
channel.

MaxRMS Corner (MaxRMSCor)

A soft-knee or hard-knee corner may be applied to the RMS Limiter. A soft-knee corner gently increases
limiting as the signal approaches the threshold; a hard-knee corner applies full limiting to any signal exceed­ing the threshold by any amount, but none to signals below the threshold.

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The Corner parameter is adjustable in 0.1 dB increments, subject to dened level limits. This gure repre­sents the level below the limiter threshold at which compression commences; the larger this negative value,
the softer the knee. A setting of 0 dB implies a hard-knee characteristic.

LimiterMax provides peak and RMS limiting
features, referred to as MaxPeak and MaxRMS
respectively. Full details regarding LimiterMax can
be found in the Lake Controller Operation Manual.

6.10. 3 I/O Cong Submenu

MENU > I/O CONFIG

Figure 6-16: I/O Cong Submenu

This menu provides conguration options for input and output routing, along with settings for AES Termina­tion and Iso-Float as described in the following sections.

6.10.3.1 Input Router

MENU > I/O CONFIG > INPUT RTR

Figure 6-17: Input Router 1

The signal ow diagrams in chapter 5 highlight that there are eight Input Routers available on LM Series
devices.

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In Contour Mode, the signal from the rst four Input Routers can be routed to the Module Input Mixers;
in Mesa Mode, the signal from all eight Input Routers can be routed to the Module Input Mixers. In both
conguration modes, the signal from all eight Input Routers can be passed directly to any output.

Each router has four priority levels allowing any input to be placed in a sequence providing automatic input
signal fail over. AES3 and Dante inputs have priority over analog inputs.

Only one analog input is allowed in each router, and
the analog input must be at the lowest priority level
in relation to any other inputs.

Two modes of input selection are available, Auto Select and Forced Selection. The selected setting is also
visible from the I/O STATUS screen on the front panel, and via the Lake Controller.

In Auto Select mode, Priority 1 is checked for a valid input signal; if no signal is found, Priority 2 is checked,
and so on until a valid signal is located; this process occurs if the currently selected input fails. In Forced
Selection mode, one of the four priorities is xed regardless of whether a valid signal is present.

With a router selected on the front panel, press the middle button on the left of the LCD to activate this
parameter for editing; the text will be highlighted as shown in Figure 6-17. Use the illuminated rotary encoder
to scroll through the following options:

▸ Auto Select (default)
▸ Force Priority 1
▸ Force Priority 2
▸ Force Priority 3
▸ Force Priority 4

Assignment of Input Priority

Factory default settings assign AES3 to Priority 1 and Analog to Priority 4, with Priority 2 and 3 empty.

To change these settings via the front panel, select Priority slot number to be changed and use the rotary
encoder to scroll through the available options. Due to the signal hierarchy it is not possible to assign an
analog source to a higher priority than a digital source. Dante inputs are not selectable from the front panel;
their assignment must be made via the Lake Controller software.

Analog Input Sensitivity and Digital Gain Offset

While viewing the Input Router screen as shown in Figure 6-17, press PAGE to reveal existing input sensitiv­ity for analog inputs, or digital gain offset for digital inputs. This is equivalent to the DISPLAY DETAILS
option in the Lake Controller. Adjust a parameter by pressing the associated button, and then use the rotary
encoder to change the value.

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The maximum input level accepted by the analog input pre-ampliers without clipping may be set to 12 dBu
or 26 dBu. Digital gain offset may be applied to AES3 digital input signals in 0.1 dB increments from -100 dB
to +15 dB.

6.10.3. 2 AES3 Input Termination

MENU > I/O CONFIG > AES TERM

Figure 6-18: AES Termination Edit Screen

To adjust the AES3 Input Termination, select AES TERM from the I/O CONFIG menu then use the rotary
encoder to toggle the value. A setting of ‘Terminated’ is also displayed on the I/O STATUS screen.

For fault-free operation when using AES3 digital audio as an input source, inputs must be correctly termi­nated with the characteristic impedance of 110 ohm. The Input Termination setting is determined by the
method used to distribute the AES3 signals.

The processor at the end of a distribution line should be set to TERMINATED; all other processors should
be set to UNTERMINATED. If an AES3 distribution amplier (DA) is being used to distribute the digital audio
signals, with one DA output per processor, then all terminations should be on. However, if the AES3 is
daisy-chained, only terminate the last processor in the chain.

6.10.3.3 Iso-Float

MENU > I/O CONFIG > ISO-FLOAT

Figure 6-19: Iso-Float Menu

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To change the Iso-Float setting, press the Inputs or Outputs button, then adjust the value using the rotary
encoder. The current settings are also displayed on the front panel I/O STATUS screen.

The analog inputs utilize Iso-Float transformerless electronic balancing circuitry. This provides electrical isola­tion from an analog source comparable to that achieved with transformer-based designs. However, pin 1 of
the XLR input connector may be connected to ground within the device if desired. This option is selected by
using the rotary encoder to toggle between FLOATING and GROUNDED.

It may be necessary to change this setting to resolve ground loop problems when using analog inputs.

6.10.3. 4 Output Router

MENU > I/O CONFIG > OUTPUT RTR

Figure 6-20: Output Router Conguration Screen

The LM Series device provides comprehensive output routing via the front panel interface. The number of
channels available for the audio source and destination varies depending on whether the device has been
congured in Contour or Mesa mode.

Figure 6-20 shows the functions available along with numbers to identify the various features described
below.

Press this button to toggle through the available audio sources

Press this button to move the cursor upwards

Press this button to move the cursor downwards

This section of the screen displays the selected audio source

This section of the screen displays the selected output destination type

This section of the screen displays the channels for the selected audio source

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This section of the screen displays the output routing conguration

Press this button to scroll through the available output destination types

Press this button to move the cursor to the left

Press this button to move the cursor to the right

Use the rotary encoder to toggle the selected routing point ON or OFF

Use the above function keys to navigate to the required audio source and output destination, then move the
cursor to a routing point and adjust using the rotary encoder.

▸ ‘X’ identies a connected routing point

▸ ‘O’ identies a currently unused and available routing point

▸ ‘

-

’ identies that routing is unavailable for this routing point, normally because another audio channel is

already routed to the output.

All three states are shown in inverse video when they are selected by the cursor.

6.10. 4 Frame Submenu

MENU > FRAME

Figure 6-21: Frame Menu

The Frame Menu provides information and options relating to the device as a physical unit. It is referred to
as a Frame for consistency with Lake Controller terminology.

6.10.4.1 Frame Info

MENU > FRAME > FRAME INFO

Frame Info provides information about the device settings and conguration. All data in this front panel
menu is read-only; some parameters are xed, some can be changed only via the Lake Controller software.

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Frame Label

The Frame Label as dened in the Lake Controller is displayed in this menu. It is also displayed at the
top-left of the screen in Meter Mode, Home View.

Serial Number (Serial No.)

The printed serial number on the back panel of the device is also electronically embedded in the hardware,
and therefore cannot be removed or altered if stolen.

Network

Pressing the NETWORK button displays a further screen containing network conguration information.
All parameters are view-only on the front panel and are either not editable, or can only be adjusted via the
Lake Controller.

A summary at the top right of the screen conrms whether a valid connection is present for both Ethernet
ports, and whether the Lake Controller is online.

▸ IP*: Displays the Internet Protocol address for the selected unit and can only be changed via the Lake

Controller software. *Reads ‘Auto IP’ for Auto - Zero Conf, ‘DHCP IP’ for Auto - DHCP, and ‘Fixed IP’
when a xed IP address is used. Please refer to the Lake Controller Operation Manual for details.

▸ IP Mask: Displays the IP address subnet mask for the selected unit and can only be changed via the

Lake Controller software. Please refer to the Lake Controller Operation Manual for further details.

▸ MAC: Displays the unique Media Access Control Ethernet address for the processor. This value cannot

be changed.

▸ F.ID: Displays the Frame ID, a unique Lake product identier that cannot be changed.

The Dual Redundancy network status is only shown
in the I/O Status View as described in section 6.9.3.

6.10.4. 2 Frame Reset and Conguration

MENU > FRAME > FRAME RST

Use this option to display a further menu with options to reset all parameters back to their original factory
default values, or to recongure the Frame in a different mode (i.e. Contour or Mesa). See section 8.3 for a
full list of the default factory reset parameter values.

Three types of reset are provided: Factory Reset, Contour Reset and Mesa Reset.

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Factory Reset

A Factory Reset will reset all settings and parameters to the original factory-dened default values. This
includes the deletion of any Frame Presets stored within the device, and the relevant Frame conguration
for the device (LM 26 = Contour; LM 44 = Mesa). It also resets the IP Address and all network related
settings including the Dual Redundancy setting; a hard power cycle is required to complete this reset.

Contour Reset

A Contour Reset will congure the Frame in Contour Loudspeaker Processor Mode (2-in, 6-out) and will
reset all settings and parameters to the original factory-dened default values for that conguration. Frame
Preset information and IP / Network conguration will be unaffected. A power cycle is not required to
complete this type of reset.

Mesa Reset

A Mesa Reset will congure the Frame in Mesa System Processor Mode (4-in, 4-out) and will reset all
settings and parameters to the original factory-dened default values for that conguration. Frame Preset
information and IP / Network conguration will be unaffected. A power cycle is not required to complete this
type of reset.

6.10.4. 3 Latency Match

To turn Latency Match on or off, select the parameter using the adjacent button then change the status
using the rotary encoder.

When Latency Match is ON the LM Series device adds delay to match the overall processing delay of legacy
Lake Contour Pro 26 and Mesa Quad EQ products. Please refer to the Lake Controller Operation Manual for
further information.

6.10.4.4 GPIO

MENU > FRAME > GPIO

Figure 6-22: GPIO Menu

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Four general purpose input/output conguration settings are available; two conguration options for inputs,
and two for outputs.

GPI Conguration

To adjust GPI 1 or GPI 2, press the associated button to display a screen similar to that shown in Figure
6-23.

Figure 6-23: GPI Conguration

Table 6-3 lists the options available for General Purpose Input (GPI). These options can be set independently
for a transition from closed > open and from open > closed.

Acting on Transition Option

Protective Mute State

1. No Action

2. Toggle State

3. Mute

4. Unmute

Standby State

1. No Action

2. Toggle State

3. Standby

4. Turn On

Preset Recall

1. No Action

2. Recall #99

3. Recall #100

No Action -

Table 6-3: GPI Options

A change to the ‘Acting on’ setting takes effect the next time the transition occurs. For example, changing a
GPI closed to open transition when the selected GPI is currently open is not executed until the next transi­tion to open.

A change in GPI open/closed state occurring when
the device is disconnected from power will be
acknowledged and executed when power is
reconnected.

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GPO Conguration

To adjust GPO 1 or GPO 2, press the associated button to display a screen similar to that shown in Figure
6-24

Figure 6-24: GPO Conguration

Table 6-4 lists the options available for General Purpose Output (GPO).

Acting on State when Closed

Protective Mute State

1. Muted

2. Unmuted

Standby State

1. Standby

2. On

Fault

1. No Fault

2. Any Fault

Ready

1. Ready

2. Not Ready

No Indication -

Table 6-4: GPO Options

Factory Reset and Soft Reset clear the protective
mute state.

Two input options (GPI) and two output options (GPO) may be set at any one time. The default GPIO con­guration is shown in Table 6-5. The current state (open/closed) is reported for all GPIO settings on the front
panel and in the Lake Controller software.

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GPIO # Default Option

GPI 1 No Action

GPI 2 No Action

GPO 1 Standby State

GPO 2 Fault

Table 6-5: Default GPIO Conguration

6.10. 5 Front Panel Display Controls

MENU > FRAME > FRONT

Figure 6-25: Front Panel Display Controls Menu

Contrast

To adjust the front panel LCD contrast, select this option then use the rotary encoder to change the value.

Dimming

To adjust the front panel LCD & LED brightness, select this option then use the rotary encoder to change
the value.

6.10.6 Frame Preset Menu

MENU > FRAME PRST

Figure 6-26: Frame Preset Menu

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Lake LM Series Operation Manual Rev 1.3.5

To recall an existing Frame Preset, use the rotary encoder to select the required Preset then press the
RECALL button to overwrite the current conguration.

Frame Presets must initially be created in the Lake
Controller, and stored as a Preset using the Lake
Controller or the LM Series Preset Manager.

Up to 100 Frame Presets can be stored in the device. The data within a Frame Preset includes the congura­tion of all Modules in the Frame including levels, crossovers, EQ, input mixer, and output routing.

As Frame Presets are stored within the device, complete processor congurations can be recalled without
connecting the device to a PC.

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7. Back Panel Interface

An overview of the back panel interface is provided in section 4.2. This chapter describes each cluster of
connections as shown in Figure 7-1.

Figure 7-1: Back Panel Interface (LM 26)

Figure 7-2: Back Panel Interface (LM 44)

7.1 Analog Inputs and Outputs

7.1.1 Analog Output XLR Connections

Six (LM 26) or four (LM 44) electronically-balanced analog outputs are provided via standard XLR3M connec­tions.

AES/EBU GPIO

SWITCHED 100/1000 Base-T

INPUT 1

OUTPUT 1 OUTPUT 2 OUTPUT 3 OUTPUT 4 OUTPUT 5 OUTPUT 6

INPUT 2

LINKPRIMACT

Figure 7-3: Analog Output XLR Connections (LM 26)

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7.1.2 Analog Input XLR Connections

Two (LM 26) or four (LM 44) electronically-balanced analog inputs are provided via latching XLR3F connec­tions.

AES/EBU GPIO

SWITCHED 100/1000 Base-T

INPUT 1

INPUT 2

LINKPRIMACT

Ser. N:o

SEC LINKACT

Figure 7-4: Analog Input XLR Connections (LM 26)

7.1.3 Analog XLR Wiring and Pin Out

All XLR connections are wired to IEC268 as shown in Figure 7-5.

Figure 7-5: IEC268 XLR Wiring and Pin Out

Pin 1: Ground / Shield
Pin 2: Hot (+)
Pin 3: Cold (-)

7.1.4 Unbalanced Operation

Balanced connections are recommended where possible. However, if it is necessary to drive the device
from equipment with an unbalanced output, wire the inputs as shown in Figure 7-6.

12

3

COLD

HOT

SCRN

COLD

HOT

SCRN

Unbalanced Output
(Typically phono)

Balanced Input
(XLR)

Figure 7-6: Balanced to Unbalanced Analog Wiring and Pin Out

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The method shown in Figure 7-6 uses twin-and-screen (balanced) cable and standard XLR pin connections
at the LM Series device end, with the cold wire and the cable screen connected to the signal ground of the
equipment at the source end.

This usually provides better noise and hum rejection than the more common method of joining pins 1 and
3 together in the XLR. However, if only a single-core (unbalanced) cable is available, the method shown in
Figure 7-7 may be used.

12

3

HOT

SCRN

HOT

SCRN

Unbalanced Output
(Typically phono)

Balanced Input
(XLR)

Figure 7-7: Unbalanced Analog Wiring and Pin Out

7.1.5 Iso-Float Electronic Balancing

The analog input and output electronic balancing circuits use the Lake Iso-Float system.

The Iso-Float technology combines the benets of transformer-coupled isolation with the advantages of
clean, direct-coupled inputs and outputs. The audio converters are galvanically isolated, and not connected
to the main ground. High-quality transformers and opto-isolators create a barrier between the device and
possible grounding aberrations from the outside electrical environment.

Iso-Float settings are adjustable via the front panel menu or the Lake Controller software.

7.2 AES3 Digital I/O

7. 2 .1 AES3 DB25 Connector

A DB25 connector following the Yamaha pin-out standard is provided for AES3 connectivity on the LM
Series device.

Figure 7-8: AES3 DB25 Connector and Pinout Reference

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This single DB25 connection provides four channels of AES3 input and eight channels of AES3 output as
shown in Figure 7-5 on page 43 below. A detailed wiring reference is provided in Figure 7-9.

AES3 Inputs AES3 Outputs

AES1: Ch. 1 & 2 AES1: Ch. 1 & 2

AES2: Ch. 3 & 4 AES2: Ch. 3 & 4

AES3: Ch. 5 & 6* AES3: Ch. 5 & 6

AES4: Ch. 7 & 8* AES4: Ch. 7 & 8

*LM 44 Only

Table 7-1: DB25 Input and Outputs

Figure 7-9 below provides a wiring reference for the DB25 connector.

Ch. Ground Hot Cold

1/2 IN 10 1 14

3/4 IN 11 2 15

5/6 IN 12 3 16

7/8 IN 13 4 17

1/2 OUT 22 5 18

3/4 OUT 23 6 19

5/6 OUT 24 7 20

7/8 OU T 25 8 21

Figure 7-9: DB25 Wiring Reference

Figure 7-5 on page 43 shows the only possible method of wiring; there is no equivalent of an unbalanced
connection in the digital domain.

7.3 RJ45 etherCON Network Connections

Two RJ45 etherCON style network connections are provided as shown in Figure 7-10.

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Figure 7-10: etherCON Network Connectors

The switched 100/100 Base-T network connections auto-sense whether standard or crossover Cat-5e
cables are in use. The green ACT LED illuminates (ashes) to show network activity, and when a 100 Mbps
connection is present; the orange LED illuminates (static) to indicate a 1000 Mbps connection.

Pre-made cables with moulded RJ45 plugs are recommended. If it is necessary to make up custom Cat-5e
network cables, use pinout described in Table 7-2.

Pin No. Color

1 Brown

2 Brown + White

3 Green

4 Blue + White

5 Blue

6 Green + White

7 Orange

8 Orange + White

Table 7-2: RJ45 Wiring & Pin Out Description

Figure 7-11: RJ45 Wiring and Pin Out Diagram

When the device is connected to an active network, the yellow LINK LED illuminates above the connector in
use. Data activity on the network is indicated by illumination of the green ACT LED. It is normal for the ACT
LED to icker either sporadically or continuously.

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7.3 .1 Primary Network Connection

The Primary Network connection is used for Lake Controller connectivity and Dante digital audio. Please
refer to section 4.2 for additional information.

7.3. 2 Secondary Network Connection

The Secondary Network connection may be used for a redundant Dante digital audio network. Please refer
to section 4.2 for additional information.

7.4 GPIO Connection

7.4 .1 9-Pin GPIO Connector

A General Purpose Input/Output (GPIO) connection is provided, allowing interface to external devices such
as re alarm systems for emergency muting, processor power control, or preset recall. The GPO function
allows fault and state monitoring via external systems. Figure 7-12 in conjunction with Table 7-3 describes
the pinout conguration for the GPIO connector.

Figure 7-12: 9-Pin GPIO Connector and Pinout Reference

Pin No. Description

1 GPI 1a

2 GPI 1b

3 GPI 2a

4 GPI 2b

5 Chassis Ground

6 GPO 1a

7 GPO 1b

8 GPO 2a

9 GPO 2b

Table 7-3: GPIO Pinout Wiring Reference

GPIO conguration is available via the front panel interface or via the Lake Controller software. Please refer
to section 6.10.4.4 of this manual for additional information on adjustment via the front panel, and refer to
the Lake Controller Operation Manual for information on adjusting via software interface.

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7.5 Universal Power Supply Connection

7.5 .1 IEC Power Connector

A universal power supply capable of accepting 70-265 V ~ 50- 60 Hz : 25 W is built into the device. The IEC
power cable provided includes a locking feature via a pin on the bottom of the connector; the connector can
accept standard or locking IEC power cables.

The power supply must be connected to AC mains using an IEC power cable with a correctly wired and
molded plug for the country of operation.

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8. Appendix

8.1 Faults and Warnings Overview

Fault or warning conditions are indicated by the LED shown in Figure 6-3 on page 18. As the LED indi­cates several types of faults or warnings, a brief textual description of the fault or warning is provided on the
LCD display. Section on page 34 details the fault and warning indications that appear on the front panel.
Table 8-1 lists the events that may have triggered each fault or warning condition.

LC D Tex t Event Log Text Type Description / Troubleshooting

ANALOG IN
FAULT

Frame Fault:
Analog Input

Fault

There is a problem with the analog input; verify signal and connec­tions.

NO INPUT No Input Source Fault

No input signal can be identied for any valid unmuted input router.
Connect an input source, or verify input signals and connections.

OVERTEMP

Temp Fault:
DSP area

Fault

The temperature has reached a critical 70

o

C (15 8oF). Turn the unit
off or take steps to cool the unit immediately; continued operation
cannot be guaranteed.

PSU FAULT

Frame Fault:
PSU

Fault

This fault is relevant only to the LM4 4 device.
There is a problem with the power supply for the A/D convertors;
analog inputs will not be available. Send the device for service.

CLOCK
SLIPPING

AES Clock
Slipping

Warning

The selected digital clock and digital input combination is not
aligned. Verify digital input conguration to ensure all clock settings
match.

CTRL OFFLINE - Warning

The device is no longer able to communicate with the Lake Control­ler. Check network connectivity.

NAME
CONFLICT

Dante device
name conict

Warning

There are multiple devices with identical Dante device names;
change the device name to ensure unique.

TEMP
WARNING

Temp Warning:
DSP area

Warning

The temperature has reached 55

o

C (131oF). Monitor the tempera­ture and take additional steps to reduce temperature if it continues
to increase.

- Frame Ofine Warning

The Lake Controller is no longer able to communicate with the
device. Check network connectivity.

-

Sound Source
Changed

Warning

The input source has been changed either manually or by automatic
input priority detection.

IN RTR MUTE

Input Router X
Mute

Mute

An input router is muted; all Modules and outputs sourced from
this input router will be affected.

-

Module Input
Mute

Mute

A Module Input has been muted. The mute is identied via the
associated Module Input mute button on the front panel.

-

Module Output
Mute

Mute

A Module Output has been muted. The mute is identied via the
associated Module Output mute button on the front panel.

PROTECTIVE
MUTE

Protective mute
via GPIO

Event

A processor mute state has been triggered via GPIO. Change this
setting using the external control device.

Table 8-1: Warning, Fault and Mute Indications (alphabetical by LCD Text / Event Log Text)

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8.2 Maintenance

During normal operation this devices provides trouble-free service. If the LCD or front panel display requires
cleaning, use a soft cloth only; do not use solvent cleaners. The dust lter on the right-hand side air intake
should occasionally be removed and cleaned to ensure maximum airow through the device.

Disconnect the unit from mains power prior to removing dust the lter, and ensure the dust lter is
replace prior to turning the unit back on.

Do not use sharp or metal objects to remove the dust lter, and be careful that the implement used to
remove the lter does not enter the device.

In extreme cases it may be necessary to clean the inside of the device. This procedure should only be
carried out by qualied service personnel. This may be necessary if the device has had prolonged operation
in an extreme environment such as one where cracked oil smoke machines are in use. If the device is used
in extreme conditions, it is recommended to have it serviced every three years as a preventative measure.

8.3 Factory Default Settings

8. 3.1 Module Defaults

Module Type: 2 x Classic 3-Way (LM 26) or 4 x Mesa EQ (LM 44)
Mod Input Mute: On (LM 26) - N/A (LM 44)
Mod Output Mutes: Off (LM 26) - On (LM 44)
Gain: 0 dB (unity)
Delay: 0 ms
Polarity: Positive (In phase)
MaxRMS: 20 dB
MaxPeak: 21 dB
Input & Output EQ: Flat

8.3.2 Input and Router Defaults

Autoselect: On
Input sensitivity: +26 dBu
Dante: Disabled
AES3: Terminated
Iso-Float: Enabled

8. 3 . 2.1 Router Defaults (LM 26)

Router 1: Priority 1 = Dante (Ch.1), Priority 2 = Empty, Priority 3 = AES (Ch.1), Priority 4 = Analog 1
Router 2: Priority 1 = Dante (Ch.2), Priority 2 = Empty, Priority 3 = AES (Ch.2), Priority 4 = Analog 2
Router 3: Priority 1 = Dante (Ch.3), Priority 2 = Empty, Priority 3 = AES (Ch.3), Priority 4 = Empty
Router 4: Priority 1 = Dante (Ch.4), Priority 2 = Empty, Priority 3 = AES (Ch.4), Priority 4 = Empty

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Lake LM Series Operation Manual Rev 1.3.5

Router 5: Empty
Router 6: Empty
Router 7: Empty
Router 8: Empty

8.3.2.2 Router Defaults (LM 44)

Router 1: Priority 1 = Dante (Ch.1), Priority 2 = Empty, Priority 3 = AES1 (Ch.1), Priority 4 = Analog 1
Router 2: Priority 1 = Dante (Ch.2), Priority 2 = Empty, Priority 3 = AES1 (Ch.2), Priority 4 = Analog 2
Router 3: Priority 1 = Dante (Ch.3), Priority 2 = Empty, Priority 3 = AES2 (Ch.3), Priority 4 = Analog 3
Router 4: Priority 1 = Dante (Ch.4), Priority 2 = Empty, Priority 3 = AES2 (Ch.4), Priority 4 = Analog 4
Router 5: Priority 1 = Empty, Priority 2 = Empty, Priority 3 = AES3 (Ch.5), Priority 4 = Empty
Router 6: Priority 1 = Empty, Priority 2 = Empty, Priority 3 = AES3 (Ch.6), Priority 4 = Empty
Router 7: Priority 1 = Empty, Priority 2 = Empty, Priority 3 = AES4 (Ch.7), Priority 4 = Empty
Router 8: Priority 1 = Empty, Priority 2 = Empty, Priority 3 = AES4 (Ch.8), Priority 4 = Empty

8.3.3 Other Device Defaults

Dual Redundancy: Disabled
Dante Slave Only: Disabled
GPIO: No Action / No Indication
IP Conguration: Auto Zero Conf. (Auto IP)

8.4 Glossary of Terms, Acronyms and Abbreviations

The explanations given in Table 8-2 below are based on the specic use of each term in this manual. The
denitions are not intended to be exhaustive and many of these terms have wider meanings.

Ter m Description

100/1000 Base-T

100/1000 Ba se-T is IT industry-spe ak for different standards of Ethernet network. This term i ncorpo rates 100 Ba se-T X, which operates
at 100 Mb ps, and 100 0 Base -T which ope rates at 100 0 Mbps (1 Gbps).

Access Point

See Wireless Acc ess Point.

Auto-Sensing

The Ethernet ports automati cally dete rmine the ba se speed of the network t hey are conne cted to (10 Base -T or 100 Bas e-T) a nd
congure themselves appropriately. This is termed auto-sensing.

Auto-Uplink

The Ethernet ports can oper ate with either straight or crossed n etwork c ables. This abilit y to connec t correctly with eith er type is
termed auto -uplinking.

Auxiliary Output

Some of the congur ations pos sible in the L ake processing system Modules re sult in a single audio processing ch annel bein g created in
additi on to a crossove r. This is terme d an Auxilia ry outp ut.

Backbone

Large Et hernet net works are of ten implem ented with a ver y high sp eed “trunk ” part of the network to pology fe eding main switches,
which in tu rn suppor t smalle r, lower-spe ed local networks. T he term bac kbone is used to descr ibe such a tru nk.

Bandwidth

The ban dwidth of a si gnal chan nel or interco nnection is the range of frequencies it is able to h andle. Th e term can be a pplied to both
audio channels and Ethernet networks.

Cat-5e/Cat- 6, etc.

Design ations of ind ustry -standard cabl es suitable for Ethernet networks using four t wisted pai rs of conduc tors. Of ten referred to a s UTP
cable ( Unscreened Twisted Pair ). Cat-5 has genera lly been rep laced by C at-5 e (e = ‘enhanced ’). Either Cat-5e or Cat- 6 cable are suita ble
for netwo rking La ke and Lab.g ruppen de vices.

Chain

An Ethernet network comprising several devices interconnected using the Secondary connectors to daisy-chain the units together is an
example of a n etwork wi th a chain top ology.

Clock

Digital audio is pro duced by sampling an alog audio a t a known, xed rate, controlled by som e form of maste r clock. P roblems c an occur
when interconnecti ng two pieces of digit al audio equipment if th eir internal master clo cks are not syn chronized . Various techniques may
be emplo yed to ensure that this is the case.

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Ter m Description

Contour

Terminolo gy given to a Frame or Modu le that denotes it is con gured as a Lou dspeaker P rocesso r, normaly featuring cros sovers and
multipl e outputs fe d from the sam e input.

Crossed Network Cable

An Ether net cable i n which four of t he eight con ductors (p ins 1, 2, 5 & 6) are not w ired pin-to- pin. Such a c able is req uired in conve ntional
IT netw orks to conne ct two PC s together w ithout us ing a hub or swi tch. The auto-up link feature of the Ethernet ports al lows crossed
cables to be used if wi shed. See a lso Straig ht network c able.

Dante

A new- generat ion audio data protoco l develope d by Audinate® Pty Lt d, allowin g multicha nnel high -resolution digi tal audio p lus control
data to be transmitted via stan dard IT- industr y networks using TCP/ IP data p ackets. Th e Lake processing system integrate d within the
LM Seri es device in cludes a du al-re dundant D ante networ k interfac e, providing digital audio inputs and outputs via Ethe rnet.

dBu

dBu’s are usua lly used ins tead of volt ages to desc ribe sign al levels in aud io systems . A signal leve l of 0 dBu may be taken as 0,775 Vr ms.

Delay

Up to two se conds of delay may be added to the inpu t and/or o utput cha nnels to time -align loudsp eaker arrays.

Digital Gain Offset

Digital gain offs et is effect ively a ‘ne’ gain adjus tment per formed in th e digital d omain, which can be ap plied to dig ital inpu t signals to
optimize the signal to the gain structure.

Distribution Amplier

A distribution amp lier (usu ally abbreviated to DA ) is an audio b uffer sta ge – usually w ith zero gain – w ith one input and several outputs.
Mono, ste reo and AES 3 digit al versions c an be obta ined. Use of a DA to feed a signal to several destinations e nsures cor rect impedance
matching and isolat ion betwe en source and destinations.

Dual-Network Topology

A network topology consisting of two (usually) identical networks, one connecting to the Primary Ethernet ports and the other to the
Secon dary po rts. Al though mo re complex to im plement , the advant age of using a d ual- network system is one of gr eatly improved
reliability as one complete network remains operational if the other should fail.

Dynamic Function

Buttons

The six bu ttons arou nd the front panel displ ay are termed d ynamic fu nction buttons bec ause their fu nction va ries depe nding upo n which
display page is cur rently on -screen .

Electronic Balancing

In the anal og domain , balance d inputs an d outputs m ay be provid ed on audio e quipment either by the us e of transfor mers (traditional ,
very go od, but he avy and exp ensive) or v ia electro nic balan cing circuits (nearl y as good, w ithout ful l electri cal isola tion, but a gr eat deal
cheaper).

Event Log

The details of any fault or warning c onditions which arise in the devic e during op eration are recorded i n a data le created by the L ake
Control ler soft ware calle d the Event Lo g.

Fault

A Fault in th e device oc curs when one of the oper ating para meters exceeds pre- determin ed safety l evels, or whe n a conditi on is
detected that other wise seri ously affe cts the per forman ce. Some fault condit ions may resu lt in one or all of t he channel s being mute d.

FIR Filter

Finite Impuse Respo nse Filter. An alternative design of cro ssover lte r realisab le in the digi tal domai n, providi ng linear ph ase
charac teristic s. FIR lter ing is provided in all La ke devices.

Floating

An analog balanc ed input or output is sai d to be oati ng when full electric al isolati on exists be tween that input or out put and the e quip­ment connected to it. Transformer-coupled inputs and outputs are inherently oating. Electronically balanced inputs and outputs can
never be truly oating, thoug h better des igns – such as t hat found in L M Series devices - do mim ic the chara cteristi cs of transfo rmer­couple d designs to a h igh degree .

Frame

Lake terminology fo r a physical unit containing a Lake pr ocessing system (i.e. a s ingle LM or P LM Serie s device, or l egacy L ake
Proce ssor).

Frame ID

An elec tronic identicat ion ‘labe l’ which c an be given to each Frame in an amplic ation system. Naming Frames in a large system is
desirable as it simp lies ide ntication in the L ake Controll er.

Frame Preset

Frame Pre sets are a clas s of Presets w ithin the L ake process ing system. U p to 100 can be s tored in the ha rdware device, and eac h holds
the complete conguration of all Modules and the Modules’ internal settings.

Gigabit Ethernet

Descri bes the spe ed of Ethernet data tran sfer for devic es that tran smit Ether net frames at a r ate of a gigabit per second, as den ed by
the IEEE 802.3-2 008 standard.

GPIO

The General Purp ose Input /Out put (GPI O) port on a LM Series d evice allo ws two-way comm unicatio n with exter nal devic es for cert ain
functions.

Hub

A type of n etwork interface d evice with m ultiple Ethernet por ts. Dat a arrivin g at any port i s sent to all others. Hubs have been large ly
replaced by Switches.

Input Level

The amplitude of an au dio signal a t the point wh ere it is appl ied to the inpu t of the devic e, or at the input of an interme diate stag e within
it. An an alog input s ignal level w ill be expressed in dBu’s, w hile a digit al input signal level in d BfS (dBs below digit al clip level; f S =
full-scale)

Input Router

The Input Router all ows automat ic or manual s electio n of any device i nput to be allocated to a Mo dule Inpu t or directl y to any output .
The Input Router is ef fectivel y an intellig ent digita l patch bay & au tomated swi tch that can s eamlessl y failover to u p to four levels of
inputs in t he event of digital signa l loss. The output from the router is th e input sign al from a valid i nput with t he highest priorit y.

IP Address

Every item of equipm ent connec ted to an Ethernet network has a unique a ddress called the IP ad dress, so that data get s to the corre ct
place. I P addresses are written as four grou ps of three dec imal numbers between 0 and 255 . In a system consisting of L ake Proces sors
and a Lake C ontroller t hey are assig ned and detected automa tically.

IP Subnet Mask

IP subnet m asks are required in all IP net works. T he subnet is d etermined b y the size and t ype of netw ork being us ed. For small
networ ks (less tha n 254 add resses) a sub net mask of 25 5.25 5.255.0 can be u sed. (A Class C network).

Iso-Float

Iso- Float is Lake’s propr ietary m ethod of electronic balancing , which provides a par ticularl y high level of i solation a nd immunit y from
ground loops.

Lake Controller

The Lake Controlle r is the soft ware appl ication used to control LM and PLM S eries dev ices and leg acy Lake p rocessor s. This sof tware
application provides additional functionality and allows various grouping functions for simultaneous control of multiple Lake Processing­enabled devices.

Latency

The smal l but nite de lay incurred by audio signals when t hey are transformed into th e digital d omain, pro cessed di gitally a nd then
conver ted back into a nalog signals. In the L ake system, l atency is assured to be con stant.

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Ter m Description

Legacy Lake Device

This term refers to older L ake audio e quipment w hich may form part of an au dio system (i.e. Lake Co ntour Pro 26 , Lake Mesa Q uad EQ
and the Do lby Lake Pro cessor). T he Lake Co ntroller ha s the capability to co ntrol all Lake legacy p roducts .

LimiterMax

Limiter Max is the name given to L ake’s propriet ary package of dyn amics cont rol which forms part of t he Lake Processing sy stem.

Line Driver

An analog audio amp lier, usually with zero g ain, havin g very low ou tput impe dance and high drive c apabili ty. They are used for transm it­ting bal anced analog audio ove r very lon g cables.

Linear Phase Crossover

See FIR Filters

MAC Address

In addit ion to an IP add ress, ever y device on a n Ethernet ne twork has a M AC addre ss. This ad dress is xe d at the time of ma nufacture,
and is effe ctively the permane nt identi er of the physical unit. M AC stand s for Media A ccess Co ntrol

MaxPeak

Lake’s LimiterMax pro vides ind ependent d ynamic s control over s ignal pea ks (MaxP eak) and th e average signal level (M axRMS ).

MaxRMS

See Max Peak.

Mesa or Mesa EQ

Terminolo gy given to a Frame or Modu le that denotes it is con gured as a System EQ Processor, providi ng HPF/ LPF, EQ & Levels
functionality ( no crossove rs). Often c ongure d with a singl e input to sing le output ro uting.

Mesa EQ Filter

The name g iven to the uni que Lake EQ lter with a var iable wid th at top an d variable slopes on e ach side of th e lter.

Module

Module is the term use d in the Lake Controller to d escribe t he virtu al set of signa l processi ng that routes an audio inp ut to the vario us
frequen cy-weighted outp uts of a cross over. The proce ssing syste m within the d evice allo ws for two Mo dules, ea ch of which may be
assigne d a range of crossover con gurati ons, input s ources, etc .

Module Preset

A class of P reset within the Lake processing system. A Modu le Preset (M odule le) contains a ll the con guration d ata and set tings for
one Module, and is saved in the Lake C ontroller software, not in the hardware device.

Ofine

A device on an Ethernet network which is not communicating with the res t of the netwo rk either du e to a fault or intentionally i s said to
be ofine.

Online

A device on an Ethernet network which is fully o peration al and communicatin g with the rest o f the networ k is said to be on line.

Parallel

Two or more e.g. in puts whic h are wired tog ether so that a ll inputs are connecte d to the same source are said to b e paralleled. Sign al
levels wil l be reduced if too many inp uts are para lleled; in th e case of AE S3, this m ay result in a co mplete loss of audio.

Parameter

Any cont rol function which ca n be adjuste d by the user to one of several dif ferent valu es is termed a p arameter. For ex ample, inp ut level,
gain, de lay, and limiter t hreshold are all parameters.

Pass-Through Cable

See Stra ight netwo rk cable.

Ping

Ping is a ter m coined by the IT indust ry to the pro cedure of sending a comm and over a net work to a par ticular Et hernet dev ice asking i t
to conr m its identi ty and pos sibly reply with add itional information . Thus an Lake device on th e network c an be pinged from the Lake
Control ler; on rece ipt of the ‘ping ’, the hi-inte nsity wh ite LED on the f ront panel illuminates. R everse pinging is also p ossible, w hereby
the ping is i nstigated from Lake har dware device and a visua l identi cation of th e process or register s in the Lake Controller so ftware.

Preset

A comple te frame conguratio n that is store d in the devic e hardware.

Primary Ethernet Port

The Primary Ethernet port on the is the means of connecting the device to a network. See also Secondary Ethernet Port.

PSU

Abbrev iation of Power Supply Unit. The P SU in any item of e lectroni c equipment convert s the AC mains into a set of interna l DC voltages
which run the electronic assemblies themselves.

RJ45

RJ45 connections are the industry- standard connectors for Ethernet ports.

Router

As far as networks of th e type discussed in t his manual are concern ed, see Swi tch. For a descriptio n of the term Inp ut Router us ed on
Lake devices, see Input Router.

Secondary Ethernet

Port

The Sec ondar y Ethernet p ort can b e used eithe r as a daisy- chain output, re peating the network c onnecti on at the Prim ary por t, or for th e
connection of a separate second network for full redundancy.

St ar Topo log y

A networ k topolog y which use s a network sw itch to connect to indiv idual La ke devices. E ach devic e connect s to one por t on the switch
with its own cable, t hus the netw ork looks li ke a star when drawn as a diag ram with the switch at the c entre.

Straight Network Cable

A Cat- 5/6 net work cable with full pin-to -pin c onnecti ons is called a straight network c able. Lake d evices ca n connect to a n etwork us ing
either straight or crossed network cables.

Subsystem

It is poss ible when wo rking wit h large net worked syste ms to store sele cted comp onents of the s ystem into a Sub system. Th is is useful
if workin g on a tour that e ncompas ses both lar ge and mid -sized ven ues. The same core Lake Controlle r data can t hen be used for a
reduced number of L ake devices .

Super Module

A Super M odule is a vir tual con struct th at can be realized within t he Lake Con troller, allow ing a set of Mod ules in dif ferent Frame s to be
treated as a s ingle Mod ule.

Switch (Ethernet)

An Ether net switch al lows several Ethernet dev ices to be co nnected to a network using a star topo logy. More intelligent th an the earli er
hubs whic h they now largely repla ce, they route packets of data only to the units for whic h they are intend ed, and als o perfor m other
system housekeeping and control functions.

System Preset

A class of P reset within the Lake Pro cessing sy stem, System Presets all ow Module o r Frame conguratio ns and setti ngs to be store d for
the entire network of LM and PLM Se ries devic es and lega cy Lake pro cessors .

Tab let P C

A compact PC which uses a touchs creen inste ad of keyboard and mouse. T he Lake Co ntroller ha s been optim ized for use on Tabl et PCs.

Ter minat io n

AES3 digital au dio interco nnection s must be cor rectly ter minated for reliable op eration. T he 110 ohm terminati ons must be set ‘on’ at the
beginning and end of a set of daisy- chaine d digital a udio equi pment, and ‘of f’ at any inte rmediate o nes.

Top olo gy

A mathematical word for “arrangem ent” or “congu ration”. The topol ogy of a net work is a mean s of visualizing the overall conguration
of the network.

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Ter m Description

Universal Power Supply

A power sup ply that op erates in all c ountries , without t he need for manual adjustment, as lo ng as the volt age falls wi thin the spe cied
range for t he device.

Vrms

The RM S voltage of a s ignal. Se e RMS.

Wireless Access Point

A device used to connec t a compute r to an Ethernet n etwork wi thout cables; a radio t ransmit ter/receiver for data.

Wireless Network

An Ether net networ k where some o r all cable d connect ions are repl aced by wireless links .

Table 8-2: Glossary of Terms, Acronyms and Abbreviations

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9. Application Guide

This chapter describes the practical application and use of LM Series devices.

9.1 Gain Structure

The LM Series architecture provides gain adjustments at various points in the signal path and therefore, vari­ous places for muting and level adjustment. Each mute or gain adjustment point serves a different purpose.
The signal ow diagrams in chapter 5 provides a useful reference for the signal path. The following sections
describe the various adjustment points, all of which are available via the Lake Controller software.

9.1.1 Input Headroom (Analog Inputs Only)

This parameter should be set relevant to the output level of the analog audio source (e.g. mixing console).
This setting does not affect the other gain stages, or the overall noise oor; it allows control of the appropri­ate headroom at the input stage only.

To adjust, navigate to I/O CONFIG > INPUT CONFIGURATION in the Lake Controller. Please refer to the
Lake Controller Operation Manual for further details.

9.1.2 Input Mixer

Input Mixer gains can remain at 0.00 dB for most congurations; if only one input channel is used per
Module, the other can be set to -INF.

To adjust, navigate to I/O CONFIG and tap the Input Mixer blocks for the Module in the Lake Controller.
Please refer to the Lake Controller Operation Manual for further details.

9.1.3 Module Input Gain

Input Gain is used to adjust the level between different speaker cabinets in the system. This gain can remain
at 0.00 dB unless a lower level is required for the cabinet/s driven by this Module.

To adjust, navigate to MODULES > EQ/LEVELS > LEVELS in the Lake Controller. Please refer to the
Lake Controller Operation Manual for further details.

9.1.4 Module Output Gain

Factory and User Gain are provided for each Module output. These two stages provide a level of security
and control for the system designer (Factory) and a further level of adjustment for the user (User), both of
which combine to balance the level between frequency bands in a multi-way crossover (Contour congura­tion) or the Module output level (Mesa conguration).

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1. Factory Gain is set by the system designer and can be hidden within the Module le. The Factory
Gain parameter is only accessible when the Module is unlocked and the Lake Controller is in
Designer Mode. Adjust via MODULES > LEVELS > METER OPTIONS > ADJUST FACTORY.

2. User Gain is editable by a user unless the system designer has locked away the parameter; adjust
via MODULES > LEVELS.

Generally, output gain values are congured within a Module / loudspeaker preset le and should not need
to be adjusted further.

9.2 Gain / Level Optimization

9. 2 .1 Maximize Volume Capability

To maximize the volume capability of the device, ensure there is sufcient headroom in the signal path to
avoid clipping before the limiters engage. It must be possible to achieve enough gain through the device to
engage the limiters and realize a high average SPL. As an optimal setting, allow for a headroom of 10 dB or
more for all channels; the simplest way to accomplish this is to increase the Module input gain.

9.2.2 Minimize Noise

To help provide the best volume to noise ratio, use an AES or Dante digital input signal wherever possible. If
using analog inputs, ensure that unused or unnecessarily high headroom is not introduced at the input to the
device. If full or high average power is not required, the Module input gain may be reduced.

9.3 Digital Audio Connections

Whenever possible, it is preferable to connect a digital rather that analog input signal to the device. This is
particularly relevant if the source signal is already in the digital domain, such as the source from a digital
mixing console or digital distribution system. The primary cause of signal distortion and signal delay (latency)
is the digital-to-analog and analog-to-digital conversion process. Therefore, using digital inputs normally
provides higher quality audio with lower latency.

Two types of digital audio inputs are available: Dante networked multi-channel digital audio, and 2-channel
digital audio via the AES3. Dante-based system congurations and interconnections are explained in a
separate document, the Lake Network Conguration Guide.

The information in this section is supplied for users unfamiliar with AES3. Users already familiar with AES3
will nd that the device conforms to established conventions.

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9.3 .1 AES3 Digital Audio

The original AES/EBU digital audio interface standard was developed by the Audio Engineering Society in
conjunction with the European Broadcast Union. Originally published in 1985, it was revised in 1992 and
2003, and in its current iteration it is properly designated the AES3 standard.

AES3 is a serial transmission format for linearly represented (uncompressed) digital audio data. It describes
a method for carrying two channels of periodically sampled and uniformly quantized audio signals on a single
twisted-pair cable.

The data format allows for auxiliary data which can be used for information on signal characteristics as
well as the sampled audio data. The physical interconnection, as dened by IEC 60958 Type I, species
three-conductor 110-ohm twisted pair cabling terminated by an XLR connector. Please refer to section 7.2
for wiring details.

AES3 provides for multiple sampling rates and resolutions of up to 24 bits; this device accepts sample rates
from 44.1 to 192 kHz.

9.3.2 System Latency and Delay Compensation

All types of digital audio processing inherently involves a small processing delay referred to as latency. If the
processing chain does not involve analog-to-digital or digital-to-analog conversion, the amount of latency is
usually very small and often may be disregarded.

However, in complex systems involving multiple digital audio components and connections, enough delay
may be generated to cause audio phasing problems. Therefore, the lowest latency is always preferred, and
it is always important to consider system latency delays when calculating and adjusting overall delay for
time-aligning multiple loudspeaker systems.

9.3.3 External Signal Distribution Hardware

9.3.3.1 Distribution Ampliers

Dedicated distribution ampliers for AES3 signals are available from several manufacturers. The most com­mon format is one input and six outputs. Digital distribution ampliers are designed to refresh or reconstruct
the signal as well making up for line losses.

One type of distribution amplier is a simple repeater, which restores the waveform shape and brings the
signal amplitude back up the required level. Some distribution ampliers also offer a re-clocking feature,
which also re-times the signal to prevent signal degradation from clocking errors known as jitter.

Distribution ampliers that offer re-clocking often make the feature optional as using re-clocking can intro­duce small additional amounts of latency, so should not be used unless necessary.

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9.3.3.2 Passive splitters

In some limited applications, a single AES3 input may be split into two signals using a simple passive
splitter. Splitters provide a convenient and low cost solution when only one additional signal is required, and
in situations where cable lengths are short. Attenuation is minimal, but there is no refreshing of the signal.

9.3.4 Additional Reference Material

Complete technical information on the AES/EBU (AES3) standard can be downloaded from the AES web
site at http://www.aes.org/publications/standards/.

9.4 Digital Clock Conguration

9.4 .1 Digital Clock Overview

In order to provide a exible and robust audio processing system, the device is equipped with a congurable
digital clocking system. There are two separate digital clocks which can generate various independent
internal sample rates, or can sync to an incoming AES3 signal. Figure 9-1 shows the various sample rates
and options available.

Figure 9-1: Digital Clocking System

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In Figure 9-1, each circled C represents a choice point. A choice point is a user‐interface control that can
be congured using the Lake Controller software. Please refer to the Lake Controller Operation Manual for
further information.

Figure 9-1 indicates internally generated clocks with
base-rate multiples of 44.1 kHz or 48 kHz. This
should not be confused with the internal DSP
sample rate of 96 kHz.

Both the Primary and Sample Rate Converter (SRC) clocks can either generate their own internal clock
signal, or synchronize to an incoming AES3 signal. An incoming AES3 signal can be locked using automatic
clock detection or manual clock selection.

The Primary and SRC clocks produce multiple audio clocks derived from a base sample rate. The Primary
Clock’s base rate is 48 kHz, which also derives the 96 and 192 kHz clocks. The SRC Clock’s base rate can
be either 44.1 or 48 kHz. If the SRC Clock’s base rate is 44.1 kHz, then 88.2 and 176.4 kHz clocks are also
derived; if the SRC Clock’s base rate is 48 kHz, then 96 and 192 kHz clocks are also derived.

In most typical applications, SRC Clock will be set at a base rate of 44.1 kHz. A base rate of 48 kHz is
provided to allow for both synchronous (via Primary Clock) and asynchronous (via SRC Clock) I/O.

All clocks derived from the Primary and SRC clocks are available to drive the AES3 audio outputs. The
desired sample rate can be selected independently for each AES3 output pair, as shown on the right side of
Figure 9-1.

For example, you could congure AES1, AES2, and AES3 to provide 96 kHz AES3 outputs to drive digital
ampliers in the sound system, and congure AES4 to provide a 44.1 kHz audio recording output for media
or broadcast purposes.

9.4.2 Clock Source Priorities

There are two options for clock source conguration: Manual Conguration or Automatic Detection.

For Manual Conguration, the selected internal or external clock source remains xed regardless of whether
a compatible clock signal is preset.

For Automatic Detection, the most appropriate clock matching the selected base-rate is automatically
selected according to the following priorities.

1. AES1 (Input 1+2)

2. AES2 (Input 3+4)

3. AES3 (Input 5+6) - LM 44 Only

4. AES4 (Input 7+8) - LM 44 Only

5. Internal Clock

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When using automatic detection, the AES3 digital input is monitored and will switch the clock source back
and forth depending on the availability of an AES3 signal.

Please refer to the Lake Controller Operation Manual for additional information.

9.4.3 Dante Clock Conguration

Dante uses its own digital clocking technology across the Ethernet network to ensure that all Dante devices
are synchronized. As part of this logic, an order of priority is dened to identify which device becomes the
Dante Master. A Dante-capable device set as Preferred Clock Master is chosen as the highest priority,
followed by a device with a valid AES3 signal, then an internally generated clock.

Dante only operates at 48 kHz or 96 kHz, and therefore only uses the Primary Digital Clock to lock the
sample rate for the Dante Master. The Primary Clock on all Dante Slaves will be overridden by the Dante
Clock. If an additional digital input signal is required on a device that is already a Dante slave, this secondary
digital input must be locked using the SRC clock.

The front panel I/O Status View indicates if that device is selected as Dante Clock Master. Conrmation of
Dante Master / Slave status is also displayed in the Lake Controller. The Dante Preferred Master setting can
be set from the Lake Controller I/O Conguration screen, or via the Dante Controller.

For further information on Digital Clock conguration
and the Lake Controller user interface, please refer
to the Lake Controller Operation Manual.

9.5 Signal Processing Latency

The information in Table 9-1 lists the total latency for common input-output congurations when the audio
passes through the Module processing. Table 9-2 on page 72 shows the latency when congured as
pass-thru (no Module processing).

Input

Conguration

Output

Conguration

LM 26

Total Latency (ms)

LM 44

Total Latency (ms)

Analog Analog 1.0 39 1. 049

Analog 48 kHz sync 1.18 5 1.18 5

Analog 96 kHz sync 0.971 0.971

48 kHz sync Analog 1.20 8 1.219

48 kHz sync 48 kHz sync 1.35 8 1.3 5 8

96 kHz sync Analog 0.951 0.962

96 kHz sync 96 kHz sync 0.871 0.871

Table 9-1: Latency for Common I/O Congurations (via Module)

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Input

Conguration

Output

Conguration

LM 26

Total Latency (ms)

LM 44

Total Latency (ms)

Analog Analog 0.226 0236

Analog 48 kHz sync 0.373 0.373

Analog 96 kHz sync 0 .15 8 0 .15 8

48 kHz sync Analog 0.395 0.406

48 kHz sync 48 kHz sync 0.545 0.545

96 kHz sync Analog 0.13 8 0.150

96 kHz sync 96 kHz sync 0.059 0.059

Table 9-2: Latency for Common I/O Congurations (Pass-thru)

Technical Specications

73

Lake LM Series Operation Manual Rev 1.3.5

10. Technical Specications

Model LM 26 LM 44

Module confi guration 2 Contour Mo dules or 4 Mesa Mo dules
Processing channels 6 in Co ntour mode, 4 in Mesa m ode
Input rou ters 8 input rou ters with 4 priori ties in each, sea mless failover to l ower prioritie s
Module i nput mixer 4 ch. for Conto ur, 8 ch. for Mes a-modules. Mix a ny ratio between al l input routers.
Input processing Raised Cosi ne Mesa and Ideal G raphic input equal izers
Output processing Linear phase or Classic crossovers, Parametric EQ, shelving and all-pass filters
Features Delay, mute, phase, gai n etc.
Limiters LimiterMax with Peak and RMS limiter, MaxRMSRelease and Ma xPeakLevel, Configurable MaxRMSLevel,

MaxRMSCorner, MaxRMS Attack

SuperModule compatible Yes

Audio performance

Conversion resolution 24 bit
Internal sample rate 96 kH z
Internal data path 32 bit floating point
Product propagation delay

Best case (AE S synchronou s 96 kHz to AES Be st case (AES synch ronous 96 kHz to AES
synchro nous 96 kHz via modu le) 0.871 ms synchro nous 96 kHz via modu le) 0.871 ms
An alo g (An alog in t o Ana log out vi a modu le) 1.03 9 ms

Analog ( Analog in to Analo g out via module) 1.049 ms
Pass thru (An alog in to AES synchron ous 96 kHz Pas s thru (Analog in to A ES synchronous
bypassi ng module) 0.158 ms 96 kHz bypas sing module ) 0.158 ms

Maxim um available use r delay 2 seconds

Analog

Inputs an d Outputs 2 inputs, 6 outputs 4 inputs, 4 outputs
Frequency Response, analog-to-digital +/-0.1 dB, 20 Hz to 20 kHz
Frequency Response, digital-to-analog +/-0.1 dB, 20 Hz to 20 kHz
THD+Noise, Inputs 0.00024% typical at 1 kHz
THD+Noise, Outputs 0.00037% ty pical at 1 kHz
Dynami c Range, Inputs 116 dB
Dynamic Range, Outputs 115 dB
Input impedance 20 kOhm bal anced, 10 kOhm unbal anced
Output impedance 50 ohm
Maxim um input level +26 dBu
Input Se nsitivity - set tings for digita l full-scale +12 dBu, +26 dBu
Maxim um Output level +21 dBu
Crosstalk, inputs -98 dB, 20 Hz to 20 kHz
Crosstalk, outputs -98 dB, 20 Hz to 20 kHz
Common M ode Rejection Ra tio (CMRR) >70 dB, 20 Hz to 20 kHz

AES3/EBU (sample rate converters available as desired)

Inputs an d Outputs 4 inputs, 8 outputs 8 inputs, 8 o utputs
Suppor ted sample rates

(I/O individually selectable)
Supported resolutions Up to 24-bit
THD+Noise 0.00002 % at 96 kHz, 0.000 06 % at 44.1 kHz sample rate
Dynamic range Base48 -140 dBFS, Bas e44 -125 dBFS

Clocking

Clock selection Manual or autom atic according to pr iority schem e
Oscill ator type / synchro nization High qualit y VCXO clock can provid e Dante master cloc k or slave. Automatic s ynchronizatio n with Dante networ k.
Base48 2 (P rimary and SRC)
Base44 1 (SRC )
Clock ac curacy < ± 7 ppm

Dante (audio network)

Inputs an d Outputs 4 inputs, 8 outputs
Suppor ted sample rates 48, 96 kH z
Suppor t redundant path s Yes, Glitch-free Dual Re dundant Dante using two Ethe rnet networks.
Device l atency 0.25 ms, 0.5 ms, 1.0 ms, 2.0 ms , 5 ms

GPIO

Inputs 2 Genera l Purpose Input s (GPI) supporti ng external cont act
Outputs 2 Gen eral Purpose Ou tputs (GPO) with inte rnal contact clo sure
Softwa re confi gura ble input control Sta ndby state, Mute state, Dual Preset rec all
Software confi gurable output indication S tandby state, Mute state, Faults, R eady

Device presets

Frame pre sets 100

Power requirements

Nominal voltage 100- 240 VAC
Operating voltage 70- 265 VAC
Power cons umption 3 0 W maximum

Front panel interface

Display Dayligh t readable monoc hrome (128 x 64)
Meters LED for signal level and clip indicators per channel
Mute access Dedicated Mute button and LED indication per processing channel
Menu Intuiti ve and powerful us er interface wi th soft keys
Status indication LED Fault and Warnin g indication an d detailed descr iption on displa y
Parameter adjustment Sin gle/multiple pa rameter edits wit h rotary encode r

Back Pan el Interfa ce

Analog I nputs and Output s 2 + 6 XLR 4 + 4 XLR
AES Input s and Outputs DB -25, with sele ctable termina tion
Ethernet Auto 100/1000, Auto up link, 2 x Neutrik eth erCON RJ45 conn ectors
GPIO DB-9
Power Detachabl e locking 3-pin IEC
Control a nd monitoring inte rface Via Ether net for Lake Contro ller software, o r DLM (the 3rd part y protocol)

Dimensions (W/H/D) 48 3 mm (19"), 44 mm (1 U), 290 mm (11.5")
Weight 5 kg (11 lbs)
Finish Bla ck painted steel ch assis with cast al umimum handle s
Approvals CE, A NSI/UL 60065 ( ETL), CSA C22.2 NO. 6006 5, FCC
Warranty 3 years, co mponents and fac tory workmans hip; see full warra nty statement

Specifications subject to change without notice

2 + 6 XLR

4 inputs, 8 outputs

8 inputs, 8 o utputs

LM Series: Specifications

74

Warranty and Support

Lake LM Series Operation Manual Rev 1.3.5

11. Warranty and Support

11.1 General

This product is manufactured by Lake, and it is warranted to be free from any defects caused by compo­nents or factory workmanship, under normal use and service, for a period of three (3) years from date of
purchase from an authorized Lake dealer.

If the product fails to perform as specied during the warranty period, Lake will undertake to repair, or at its
option, replace this product at no charge to its owner, provided the unit is returned undamaged, shipping
prepaid, to an authorized service facility or to the factory.

This warranty shall be null and void if the product is subjected to: repair work or alteration by a person
other than those authorized by us; mechanical damage including shipping accidents; war, civil insurrection,
misuse, abuse, operation with incorrect AC voltage; incorrect connections or accessories; operation with
faulty associated equipment; or exposure to inclement weather conditions. Damage due to normal wear and
tear is not covered by the warranty. Units on which the serial number has been removed or defaced will not
be eligible for warranty service.

Lake shall not be responsible for any incidental or consequential damages. Lake’s responsibility is limited
to the product itself. Lake takes no responsibility for any loss due to cancellation of any events, or rent of
replacement equipment or costs due to a third party’s or customer’s loss of prot, or any other indirect cost
or losses however incurred.

Lake reserves the right to make changes or improvements in design or manufacturing without assuming any
obligation to change or improve products previously manufactured.

This warranty is exclusive, and no other warranty is expressed or implied. This warranty does not affect the
customer’s statutory rights.

11. 2 International Warranties

Please contact your supplier or distributor for this information, as rights and disclaimers may vary from
country to country.

11. 3 Technical Assistance and Service

11.3 .1 International Service

If your Lake product requires repair, contact your Lake dealer or distributor, visit http://labgruppen.com/sup­port/nd_service_centre/ or contact Lake by fax or email to obtain details for the nearest authorized service
centre.

Warranty and Support

75

Lake LM Series Operation Manual Rev 1.3.5

11. 3.2 Factory Service

In the event a Lake product requires factory service, you may contact Lake’s service department for return
instructions and a Return Authorization number.

Please note for product return:

1. Use the original packing.

2. Include a copy of the sales receipt, your name, return address, phone and fax number, email address
and description of the defect.

3. Mark the Return Authorization number on the outside of the packing.

4. Ship the product prepaid to:

Lake
Faktorvägen 1
SE-434 37 Kungsbacka
SWEDEN

Phone: [phone]
Fax: [phone]

[e-mail]
www.lakeprocessing.com

11. 4 Trademarks

Lake is a national and/or international registered trademark of Lab.gruppen AB. LM, PLM, Loudspeaker
Management and Powered Loudspeaker Management are trademarks of Lab.gruppen AB.

Dolby is a registered trademark of Dolby Laboratories. Raised Cosine Equalization, LimiterMax and Iso-Float
are trademarks of Dolby Laboratories. Audinate is a registered trademark of Audinate Pty Ltd. Dante and Zen
are trademarks of Audinate Pty Ltd.

All other trademarks remain the property of their respective owners.

Copyright © 2013 Lab.gruppen AB. All rights reserved.

Operation Manual

INTERNATIONAL CONTACT ► [e-mail] US & CANADA CONTACT ► [e-mail]

www.lakeprocessing.com

LAKE I S A WHOLLY-OWN ED SUBSIDIARY O F LAB.GRUPPEN AB, SWEDEN

WWW.LABGRUPPEN.COM