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Ladan
Wood gasification boiler
Instruction for use, installation and assembly of
boiler.
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General description:
We are introducing you the ecological wood gasification boiler of the output 18, 25, 40, 60,
80kW. The hot-water boiler is designed for heating of apartment, family house, guest house,
smaller industrial workshop and similar object. The boiler is designed for burning of wood only.
Any dry wood can be used for burning, mainly logs till 550-1000 mm length. Also wood of higher
humidity can be used but then the nominal output is reduced and burning time prolonged. Due to
its large feed hopper you can avoid the most demandable operation of preparation and cutting the
wood into smaller pieces. It’s recommended to feed fire with logs of approx. diameter 10-15 cm.
The ashes is only 1-2 % from amount of used wood (cleaning approx. once a week maximum) In
consideration of very low level harmfull pollutants production the operation of wood gasification
boiler is very ecological.
Wood gasification boilers are well-tested and easy to use. The boiler is produced from the special
boiler sheet steel of thickness – 6 mm inner part and 4mm outer part. Fireproof shaped pieces
inside the boiler are made from a special heatproof material, so the pieces are highly heat resistant,
high strength and provide long service life. The body of the boiler is made as weldment of steel
plates. It includes a feed hopper with a heatproof shaped piece that has an oblong opening (nozzle)
for transit of flue gas. Under the nozzle there is a combustion space formed with the ceramic
shaped pieces. In the rear part of the boiler there are vertical flue tubes which in the upper part go
to the collecting channel with a make fire flap. Rear part of the collecting channel is fitted with an
eduction pipe for connecting to the chimney. In the front of boiler is situated a blowing ventilator
with regulation flap for air inlet. The boiler body is insulated by mineral wool Nobasil of
thickness 20mm which is located between the body and jacketing.
Primary and secondary air is preheated and in optimal ratio distributed into the combustion
chamber and nozzle.
Wood gasification boilers are completely different from the current solid fuel boilers. The priciple
of burning is based on the gasification at high temperature (approx. 1100 °C).
Wood burning gas is supported by a blowing ventilator which blows primary air into the
combustion chamber and secondary air injection into the nozzle. This combustion system is very
economical while saving approx. 40% of fuel. Boiler operation requires the minimum attendance
due to automatic operation of the boiler. Hopper contents is sufficient for about 8 to 12 hours
operation at medium power. At minimum output level the boiler is operational even up to 24
hours. All this provides the digital microprocessor control measures.
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Technical parameters:
Type of boiler
LADAN
18
25
40
60
80
Boiler output
kW
18
25
40 60 80
Feed hopper capacity
dm3
75
113
180
250
360
Door dimension /h-w/
mm
270x450
270x450
270x450
370x570,
270x570
370x570,
270x570
Prescribed chimney draught
Pa
10
23
23
28
32
Test overpreassure
bar 4 4
4
4
4
Max. working overpressure
bar 2 2
2
2
2
Boiler weight
kg
360
430
465
620
735
Diameter of flue connection
mm
160
160
178
178
178
Boiler height
mm
1280
1280
1490
1490
1490
Boiler width
mm
595
595
595
715
715
Boiler depth
mm
855
1055
1055
1380
1626
Shielding of electric parts
IP
21
21
21
21
21
Electrical input
W
70
70
70
140
140
Hydraulic loss of boiler at 10k
mbar
0,21
0,31
0,54
0,84
1,12
CO emission class
4 4
4
4
4
Boiler efficiency
%
90
Temp. of flue gas in
nominal output
°C
148
146
144
162
168
Flow of flue gas
kg/s
0,018
0,02
0,035
0,054
0,072
Maximum noise level
dB
57
57
57
57
57
Specified fuel
wood
Water content max.
20%
Average fuel consumption
kg/h
5,5
7,6
9,5
11,8
14,6
Recommended fuel size
mm
150
150
150
150
150
Max. length of logs
mm
350
550
550
800
1000
Water volume in boiler
l
55
75
93
113
132
Voltage
V/Hz
230/50
230/50
230/50
230/50
230/50
Range of temperature
of heating
°C
60 - 90
60 - 90
60 - 90
60-90
60-90
Min. water temperature in service
°C
60
60
60
60
60
Operation temperature of water
°C
80 - 90
80 - 90
80 - 90
80-90
80-90
Safety valve Danfoss BVTS
• temperature of inlet water
• pressure of inlet water
• opening temperature
°C
Bar
°C
Max. 15
2
95
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Protection of Boiler against overheating.
ATTENTION: According to the EN 303-5 standard the Safety cooling circuit against the boiler
overheating must not be used for other purposes than to protect boiler against overheating.
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1. Drain valve Danfoss - BVTS, ¾“
2. Submersible case with temperature-sensitive element
3. Safety cooling heat exchanger
4. Drain to sump
5. Boiler
6. Inlet of cold water
Valve Danfoss – BVTS is on the outlet of the cooling circuit of which sensor is placed at the side
part of a boiler and protects the boiler against overheating. When boiler water temperature
increases above 95°C, cooling circuit is filled up with tap water that takes the extra heat away. In
case of boiler overheating and opening of Danfoss – BVTS valve there must be secured the
permanent drain of heated water from the boiler cooling circuit into spillway.
Valve at the cold water inlet into the boiler cooling circuit must be permanently open and the
boiler cooling circuit must be connected to the functioning distribution of cold water (e.g. cold tap
water network) of temperature 10-15°C and operating overpressure 2-6 bar.
In case of thermostatic valve Danfoss – BVTS opening the circulation of cooling water through
the cooling circuit is not guaranteed it is a risk of boiler damage ! In such case the boiler
warranty is invalid.
Valve DANFOSS is not a part of a boiler!!!
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Dimension scheme:
Boiler sketch
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Boiler operation:
Before making fire it is necessary:
- familiarize with the attendance of electronic boiler regulation
- check water pressure in the central heating system
- check if the boiler is connected to the mains
Making fire in the boiler
- set the heating temperature
- select the fan speed
- through the upper door insert paper, chips, small pieces of wood and to the rest of feeding
champer add more logs
- chimney flap must be opened!
- fire up the paper and close feeding door
- open the lower door and let the fuel approximately 20 min. flare
- after 20 min. close the lower door and chimney flap
- push down „K„ button to get run the burning mode
Refilling a loading chamber
- stop the fan by pressing „K“ button
- open the chimney flap
- CAREFULLY! open the feeding (upper) doors
- refill the fuel
- close the upper door and chimney flap
- press button „K„ to return to the previous state of the boiler
Warning
Be careful not to get any fuel during the refilling between the chimney flap and the flange. It
would make impossible to close flap correctly.
Cleaning the boiler:
When using dry wood and optimum fuel gasification the combustion chamber and heat
exchanger get sooted minimally. However, when using wet wood the walls of combustion
chamber can be covered with a layer of tar and the boiler does not have an adequate efficiency.
We remove the tar in combustion chamber once a week by burning with ajar feeding door
and chimney flap. If there is a lot of ash in the feeding chamber it is necessary to remove it. The
ash and dust in the combustion chamber should be removed regularly every 3-5 days.
Tubes of the heat exchanger should be cleaned once a month. Before cleaning the heat exchanger
it is necessary to remove cover of heat exchanger thereby creating access to the tube heat
exchanger. The heat exchanger tubes are to be cleaned with a special brush.
Cleaning the air inlet:
Clean air conduit of primary and secondary air is an essential condition for efficient combustion
in the boiler. It is recommended to clean the air conduit minimally once per heating season.
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After removing a fan and air inlet cover we can see the two tubes that lead air into the nozzle and
to two holes at the upper door. These holes should be cleaned with a small brush and vacuum
cleaner. Turn on the fan and check by hand the clearness of air.
Put the cover of air inlet and fan back. Then it is necessary to set up the shutter of the secondary
air. We screw the shutter to stop with a screwdriver and then turn counter-clockwise 1-2 turns.
Before the summer season starts, we totally clean the boiler loading chamber, combustion
chamber and tubes in the heat exchanger.
Maintenance and repair of the boiler:
During operation of the boiler it is necessary to check the water pressure in the system, door
tightness, chimney shutter tightness, heat exchanger cover tightness and the right fan operation. It
is recommended to have the boiler checked by a professional service worker once before the
beginning of the heating season. Especially to check the correct function of the safety valve,
temperature sensor, emergancy thermostat and regulation.
Door tightness:
The door is attached to the boiler in three points. Two hinges and one door handle.
In case of door leakage it is possible to screw in the door handle but also draw close the hinges.
Chimney shutter tightness:
At cleaning of the heat exchanger it is necessary to clean also seating surface of the shutter and
shutter itself.
Running the fan:
Fan cleanness is one of the conditions for reliable operation of boiler. The fan should be checked
and serviced.
Draught of chimney:
Flue draught must have the specified value 23 Pa.
- Small flue draught shortens the service life of the boiler – creating tar inside the
boiler, condensation and smoke during the fuel loading.
Solution: insert the chimney, put a special extension on the chimny or use
a suction fan in chimney.
- Strong flue draught of chimney increases the consumption of fuel, higher heat loss
in the chimney, lower boiler efficiency and lower boiler output.
Solution: install a throttle valve between the flue and boiler.
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Problems solution
Defect Cause/Remedy
Boiler has a lower output as it was
a new one
- Clean up air inlet system
- Clean up blades of fan
- Use dry wood
Afterclosing the flue shutter the boiler
burns for a while and then smoke
- Insufficient quantity of primary air
- Clean up the primary air inlet
- Check the shutter opening behind the fan
In combustion chamber arebigger
pieces of unburnt logs.
- Nozzle opening Increased
- Change the nozzle
- Set the air inlet into a closed position and turn
3 turns back from the closed position.
Smoke escape over the closed door.
- set up the door, check the tightness of the
door
- Change the sealing cord of the door
Flue shutter does not open.
- Flue shutter is sticked with tar
- Increase the boiler temperature
- Use the dry wood
- Open flue shutter manually
After opening the upper door and
chimney shutter the boiler room is full
of smoke
- Low flue draught
- The flue diameter should be bigger than the
diameter of boiler flue connection. It is
recommended 200mm.
- Chimney heigth should be minimum 8m
- Assembly suction fan
- Increase the chimney heigth
Boiler does not seal
- Contact service worker or dealer
Failure of electronic regulation
- Contact service worker or dealer
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Scheme of boiler Ladan 25 kW:
1. Electronic regulation 14. Thermometer
2. Upper door 15. Thermal fuse / emergency thermostat /
3. Pull rod of chimney shutter 16. Water output socket
4. Loading chamber 17. Upper back cover
5. Conduit of primary air 18. Make a fire flap
6. Fan shutter 19. Cover of heat exchanger
7. Fan 20. Flue branch
8. Fireproof nozzle 21. Heat exchanger tubes
9. Covering of secondary air 22. Fireproof concrete
10. Door handle 23. Secondary air
11. Fireclay shaped bricks 24. Combustion chamber
12. Lower door 25. Direction of flue gas
13. Upper front cover 26. Return water socket
27. Filler hole
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Picture of thermal sensor and emergency thermostat:
1. Upper metal sheet of the boiler
2. Socket of outlet water 2“
3. Temperature sensor
4. Emergency thermostat /in case the temperature is higher than
110 °C the fan turns off /
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Scheme of loading chamber:
Length of chamber is 590-1000 mm
Loading chamber
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Assembly regulations
Basic connection scheme of boiler Ladan into the central heating system
The boiler should be connected into the central heating system of which the capacity is
appropriate to the boiler output.
The boiler must be connected to the flue by the shortest way. Other appliances must not be
attached to the same flue. It is not recommended a permanent connection with water supply
through the filling up valve so that in case of valve untightness the pressure might increase. Max.
overpressure is 0,2 MPa.
Boiler room must have a good ventilation.
Assembly of boiler can be done by specialists in compliance with the valid local standards.
Minimum return water temperature at the inlet to the boiler is 60 °C.
It is recommended the boiler is fitted together with the accumulation tank which must correspond
to the standard EN 303-5.
The boiler must be installed together with four-way valve /duomix/. The valve secures that return
water temperature is not less than 60° and protect the boiler against the low temperature
corrosion.
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Installation instruction
Place a boiler on the fireproof thermally isolated floor overhung boiler floor plan at least 500mm
on the each side.
It is necessary to keep at least minimum specified safety distances of external boiler outlines and
exhaust pipe from any combustible and medium combustible material in distance min. 800 mm.
Examles of combustibility:
Combustibility grade B: very hardly combustible materials / plasterboard .../
Combustibility grade C1: hardly combustible materials / lignit boards, sawdust boards .../
Combustibility grade C2: medium combustible materials / wood - oak, alder, larch, spruce,
fiberboards .../
Combustibility grade C3: easily combustible materials/ wood- beech, ashen, poplar, fiberboards,
cork, foils, polystyrene, polyethylene, asphald board, celulose materials .../
The boiler is necessary to install in accordance with standards valid in the country of installation.
Safety instructions:
On the boiler and to his safety distance it is prohibited to put any combustible item and materials.
Before you start to work with some changes related the boiler enviroments / manipulation with
combustible materials, etc. / it is necessary to shutdown the boiler and wait till the boiler burns
out. The boiler operation must be according his parameters and the boiler can not be overloaded.
At the ash removing it is necessary to use safety tools /gloves., etc../ to take away and store the
ash in the fireproof tanks.
Attendance instructions:
The boiler can be operated only by person who is older than 18 years old, mentally and healthy
capable and familiarized with the Manual for operation. During boiler operation it is necessary to
check impeccable boiler state.
Instructions for liquidation of the product after its lifetime:
The product should be liquidated by selling to a scrap-material dealer. The wrapping should be
liquidated in the same way.
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Certificate of warranty.
Type of boiler .......................................................................... LADAN
Production number ..................................................................
Checked by : ............................................................................
Sell-by-date: .............................................................................
..................................................
Stamp and signature
Instructions for customers and conditions of guarantee:
- Producer is not responsible for damage during transportation of the product.
- Warranty period is 24 month from the date of ex-factory.
- Warranty is valid only if the boiler was installed into the heating system by specialized
company.
- Warranty is valid only if body of the boiler was connected into the system together with
four-way valve / duomix/ or other mixing valve.
- Producer is not responsible for incorrect boiler operation due to incorrect boiler connection
into the system.
Guarantee:
Guarantee does not include:
- the consumable material like door seal, heat exchanger seal, fan seal, fireproof nozzle,
fireproof brickwork and bricks.
- faults caused by the customer
- faults caused by an incorrect operation and maintenance, if boiler was used for other purpose
than defined or unprofessional care.
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