KUHN BKE 280 SUPER, BKE 305 SUPER Operator's Manual
OPERATOR'S MANUAL
JN033AGB A
Shredders
BKE 280-305 SUPER
JN033AGB A
- English - 05-2010
Shredders
BKE 280-305 SUPER
$Dear Owner
In buying a Kuhn machine you have chosen wisely. Into it have gone years of thought, research and
improvement. You will find, as have thousands of owners all over the world, that you have the best that
engineering skill and actual field testing can produce. You have purchased a dependable machine, but only
through proper care and operation can you expect to receive the performance and long service built into it.
This manual contains all the necessary information for you to receive full efficiency from your machine. The
performance you get from this machine is largely dependent on how well you read and understand th is manual
and apply this knowledge. Please DO NOT ASSUME YOU KNOW HOW TO OPERATE AND MAINTAIN YOUR
MACHINE before reading this manual carefully. KEEP THIS MANUAL AVAILABLE FOR REFERENCE. Pass
it on to the next owner if you re-sell the machine.
Your KUHN dealer can offer a complete line of genuine KUHN service parts. These parts ar e manufactured and
carefully inspected in the same factory that builds the machine to assure high quality and accurate fitting of any
necessary replacements.
About improvements
We are continually striving to improve our products. It therefore reserves the right to make improvements or
changes when it becomes practical to do so, without incurring any obligations to make changes or additions to
the equipment sold previously.
Designated use of the machine
BKE 280-305 SUPER shredders must only be used for the work for which they have been d esigned: shredding
of crop residues, set-aside land and green spaces.
Dear Owner
1
Shredders
BKE 280-305 SUPER
$Contents
Dear Owner.....................................................................................................................1
Contents .........................................................................................................................2
Identification of the machine.........................................................................................4
Model identification plate ................................................................................................................5
Optional equipment..........................................................................................................................5
Safety...............................................................................................................................6
Description of symbols used in this document.............................................................................6
Safety instructions...........................................................................................................................7
Location and description of safety decals on the machine .......................................................19
Machine specifications................................................................................................25
Description and glossary...............................................................................................................25
Technical specifications............. ... ... ... .... ... ... ... ... .... ............................................. ... ... .... ... ............26
Required equipment.......................................................................................................................27
Sound levels ......... ... ... .... ... ... ... .... ............................................. ......................................................28
Putting into service......................................................................................................29
Coupling and uncoupling..............................................................................................................29
Coupling the machine....................................................................................................................34
Uncoupling the machine................................................................................................................37
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Contents
Shredders
BKE 280-305 SUPER
Instructions for transport............................................................................................ 40
Putting the machine into transport position................................................................................40
Conformity with the road regulations ... ... .... ... .............................................................................41
Instructions for work...................................................................................................42
Putting the machine into work position............. ..........................................................................42
Adjustments in working position..................................................................................................43
Machine use....................................................................................................................................45
Optional equipment.....................................................................................................46
Wear skids ......................................................................................................................................46
Maintenance and storage............................................................................................ 47
Frequency chart .............................................................................................................................47
Lubrication............................................................................................ ..........................................48
Maintenance....................................................................................................................................51
Storage............................................................................................................................................57
Machine recycling..........................................................................................................................58
Trouble shooting guide...............................................................................................59
Appendix ......................................................................................................................60
Calculating the load on an axle.....................................................................................................60
Limited warranty..........................................................................................................66
Contents
3
Front view
Shredders
BKE 280-305 SUPER
$Identification of the machine
Rear view
4
Identification of the machine
1. Model identification plate
Please write below the type and serial number of the
machine. This information is to be indicated to the dealer
for all spare parts orders.
Type: BKE 280 SUPER
Serial no.:
Type: BKE 305 SUPER
Shredders
BKE 280-305 SUPER
Serial no.:
2. Optional equipment
Tick box corresponding to the equipment fitted on your
machine:
Kit no. 1556444: Wear skids (BKE 280 SUPER).
Kit no. 1556445: Wear skids (BKE 305 SUPER).
Identification of the machine
5
$Safety
1. Description of symbols used in this document
This symbol indicates a potentially hazardous situation
that if not avoided, could result in serious bodily injury.
Shredders
BKE 280-305 SUPER
This symbol is used to identify special instructions or
procedures which, if not followed strictly, could result in
machinery damage.
This symbol is used to communicate technical
information of particular interest.
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Safety
Shredders
BKE 280-305 SUPER
2. Safety instructions
Introduction
The machine must only be operated, maintained and repaired by competent persons who are familiar with
machines' specifications and operation and aware of safety regulations fo r preventing accidents.
The operator must imperatively respect safety instructions in this manual and in the warnings posted on the
machine. The operator is also obliged to respect current le gislation concerning accident prevention, wo rk safety
and public traffic circulation.
Designated use of the machine also means following operation, maintenance and repair recommendations
given by the manufacturer, and using only genuine spare parts, equipment a nd acce sso ries, as r ecom mended
by the manufacturer.
The manufacturer is not held liable for any damage resulting from machine applications other than those
specified by the manufacturer. Any use other than the designated operation is at the risk and responsibility of
the operator.
The manufacturer is not held liable for any damage or accident re sulting from machine modifications carried out
by the operator himself or by a third party without previous written agreement from the manufacturer.
Read and follow the safety instructions
Before using the machine, carefully read all the safety
instructions in this manual and the warnings placed on
the machine.
Before starting work, the operator must be familiar with
all machine controls, handling devices and their
functions. It is too late to learn once work has been
started!
Never let anyone operate the machine who is not traine d
to do so.
Should you have any difficulties in understanding certain
parts in this manual, please contact your KUHN dealer.
Precautions to be taken before carrying out
any operations on the machine
Before leaving the tractor or before adjusting,
maintaining or repairing the machine, disengage the
PTO drive, turn off the engine, remove ignition key and
wait until all moving parts have come to a complete stop
and apply park brake.
Safety
7
Precautions to take before using the
machine
Do not wear loose clothing which could become caught
up in moving parts.
Wear the appropriate protective clothing for the work in
hand (gloves, shoes, goggles, helmet, ear defenders,
etc.).
Ensure that all operating controls (ropes, cables, rods,
etc) are placed so as they cannot be operated
unintentionally and cause damage or injury.
Before operating the machine, check tightness of nuts
and bolts, particularly on fixing elements (tines, forks,
blades, knives, etc). Retighten if necessary.
Before operating the machine, ensure that all the safety
guards are firmly in place and in good condition.
Immediately replace any worn or damaged guard.
Shredders
BKE 280-305 SUPER
Precautions when driving
Tractor handling, stability, performance and braking
efficiency are all affected by weight distribution, trailed or
mounted implements, additional ballast and driving
conditions. It is therefore of great importance that the
operator exercises caution in every given situation.
Groundspeed must be adapted to ground conditions as
well as to roads and paths. Always avoid abrupt change s
of direction.
Be particularly cautious when turning corners, paying
attention to machine overhang, length, height and
weight.
Never use a narrow track tractor on very uneven or
steeply sloping ground.
Never leave the tractor seat while the machine is
operating.
Carrying people or animals on the machine when
working or in transport is strictly forbidden.
8
Safety
Precautions when driving on public roads
Dimensions
Depending on the dimensions of the machine, contact
the relevant authorities to ensure that it can be legally
transported on public roads.
If the machine is over the maximum legal size, follow the
local regulations for special transportation of oversize
equipment.
Transport position
Before transporting the machine on public roads, place
the machine into its transport position, according to the
instructions in this manual.
Lights and indicators
Before transporting the machine on public road s, ensure
that all legally required lightings and signallings are in
place.
Ensure that lightings and signallings are clean and in
good working order. Replace any missing or broken
equipment.
Shredders
BKE 280-305 SUPER
Always obey current regulations for driving
on roads.
Gross weight and weight per axle
The drawings are not legally binding, their only aim is to illustrate the method to use.
Prior to driving on public roads, check t hat criteria are met t o be in conformity with the count rie's
regulations:
- When coupling a tool to the front and rear 3-point lift linkage, the maximum authorized
payload must not be exceeded.
- When coupling tools to the front and rear 3-point lift linkages, the maximum load on each
axle's tires must not be exceeded.
- The load on the tractor front axle must always represent 2 0 % of the tr actor unladen we ight.
For machines with hoppers or tanks:
- If the total unit weight exceeds the tractor Gross Combined Weight Rating in accordance
with the countrie's legislation, empty the hopper to travel on public roads.
- In any case, we recommend to travel on public roads with empty hoppers and tanks .
Safety
9
Shredders
BKE 280-305 SUPER
Description of symbols
Description Units Description
T kg Tractor unladen weight
PTAC kg Gross Combined Weight Rating
T1 kg Unladen load on tractor front axle
T2 kg Empty load on tractor rear axle
t kg Axle loads (Tractor + machine)
t1 kg Load on front axle (Tractor + machine)
t2 kg Load on rear axle (Tractor + machine)
t1 max kg Maximum load authorized on the tractor front axle according to the tires
t2 max kg Maximum load authorized on the tractor rear axle according to the tires
M1 kg Total weight of front tool or front ballast
Stage 1:
To measure:
- Tractor tare (T).
10
Safety
Stage 2:
- Couple the machine to the tractor.
To measure:
- Load on front axle (t1):
• Tractor + machine (transport position).
To do:
- If the front axle load (t1) is below 20% of the tractor
tare (T), add ballast weights (M1) to exceed the
minimum load on the front axle.
Example:
• (T) = 7500 kg (16535 lb)
• The front axle load must be of minimum 1500 kg
(3300 lb).(20% of T)
• (t1) = 700 kg (1545 lb).
• 700 kg (1545 lb) < 1500 kg (3300 lb).
• Add ballast weights until the minimum front axle
load is exceeded.
• Repeat checking procedure.
Shredders
BKE 280-305 SUPER
Stage 3:
To measure:
- Total weight (t):
• Tractor + machine (transport position).
• Ballast weights.
Checking:
- To go to the next stage:
• Check in the tractor's operator's manual that the
value measured is below the tractor's Gross
Combined Weight Rating.
To do:
- If t < PTAC go to the next stage.
- If the total unit weight exceeds the tractor Gross
Combined Weight Rating in accordance with the
countrie's legislation, empty the hopper to travel on
public roads.
Example:
• (t) = 10000 kg (24250 lb)
• PTAC = 13000 kg .
• t < PTAC : Go to the next stage.
Safety
11
Stage 4:
To measure:
- Load on rear axle (t2):
• Tractor + machine (transport position).
• Ballast weights.
Checking:
- Check in the tractor's operator's manual that the value
measured is below the maximum allowed tractor rear
axle load.
- Check that tyre and rim specifiations are in conformity
with the requirements of the tractor manufacturer.
Example:
• Load on rear axle (t2) = 8500 kg (18740 lb)
• Check in the tractor's operator's manual that the
value measured is below the maximum allowed
tractor rear axle load.
• Check that tyre and rim specifiations are in
conformity with the requirements of the tractor
manufacturer.
Shredders
BKE 280-305 SUPER
Maximum speed
Always keep to the legal speed limit for driving a tractormachine assembly on public roads.
12
Safety
Precautions when coupling
Before attaching the machine, make sure that it cannot
accidentally start moving (chock the wheels) and that the
parking stand is in the right position.
The machine must only be attached to the hitch points
provided for this purpose.
Never stand between the tractor and the machine when
operating the three point linkage.
Do not stand between the tractor and the machine
without ensuring that the parking brake is applied.
Hydraulic circuit
Shredders
BKE 280-305 SUPER
Caution! The hydraulic circuit is under high pressure.
Maximum pressure at work: 200 bar.
Before connecting hoses to the tractor hydraulics,
ensure that tractor and machine circuits are not under
pressure. Before disconnecting a hose, depressurize the
hydraulic circuit.
To avoid making incorrect connectio ns, mark hydraulic
couplers and corresponding hoses with colors.
WARNING! Functions could be reversed (for example:
lift/lower) and cause accidents.
Regularly check the hydraulic hoses. In case of normal
wear, replace the hydraulic hoses every 5 years.
Damaged or worn hoses must immediately be r eplaced.
When replacing the hydraulic hoses, only use hoses with
the specification recommended by the manufacturer of
the machine.
To locate a leak, use appropriate means. Protect body
and hands from liquid under pressure.
Any liquid under pressure (particularly oil from
hydraulics) can penetrate the skin and cause severe
injury. If injured, see a doctor immediately, there could
be danger of infection.
Before any adjustments, maintenance or repairs are
carried out, lower the machine to the ground,
depressurize the hydraulics, turn off the engine, remove
ignition key and wait until all moving parts have come to
a complete stop.
Safety
13
PTO shaft
Use only PTO shafts supplied with the machine or
recommended by the manufacturer.
The protective shield of the tractor PTO stub, the PTO
shaft guards and the protective covering of the machine
input shaft must always be in place and in good
condition.
Make sure that the PTO shaft guards are secured with
the safety chains provided.
Any worn or damaged guards must be replaced
immediately. A worn guard or an unpro tecte d PTO shaft
can cause a serious or even a lethal accident.
Do not wear loose clothing that could be caught in the
rotating PTO shaft.
Before attaching or removing a PTO shaft, or before
doing any work on the machine, disengage the PTO
drive, turn off the engine, remove ignition key and wait
for all moving parts have come to a complete stop.
If the primary PTO shaft is equipped with a slip clutch or
a free wheel, these must be fitted on the machine side.
Ensure that the PTO shaft is always correctly fitted and
locked into place.
Before connecting the PTO shaft, ensure that the PTO
speed (rotational frequency) and directions of rotation
are in line with manufacturer's recommendat ion s.
Before engaging the PTO drive, make sure all people
and animals are clear from the machine. Never engage
the PTO drive when the tractor engine is stopped.
When uncoupling the machine, rest the PTO shaft on the
support specially provided, and replace protective cover
on the PTO stub of the tractor.
Read and follow the instructions in the operator's manual
provided with the PTO shaft.
Shredders
BKE 280-305 SUPER
14
Safety
Precautions during manoeuvres
When moving the machine from the transport position to
the working position and vice versa, make sure that
nobody is within the machine pivoting area.
Remote controlled components
Danger of crushing and shearing can exist when
components are operated by hydraulic or pneumatic
controls. Keep away from these danger zones.
Safety decals
Safety warning decals are placed in pictorial form on
various parts of the machine. They are there to warn you
of potential dangers and to tell you how to avoid
accidents.
Always keep the safety decals clean and readable, and
replace them when they are worn, damaged, missing or
illegible.
Shredders
BKE 280-305 SUPER
Waste disposal
Respect the environment! Never spill pollutants (oil,
grease, filters, etc.) on the ground, never pour them
down the drain and never discard them in any other
place where they could pollute the environment. Never
throw away or burn a tyre. Always take waste to
specialized recycling or waste disposal centers.
Precautions for maintenance and repair
work
Before leaving the tractor or before adjusting,
maintaining or repairing the machine, disengage the
PTO drive, turn off the engine, remove ignition key and
wait until all moving parts have come to a complete stop
and apply park brake.
Rest the machine on the ground, release the pressure
from the hydraulic circuit and leave the machine to cool
down.
Make sure that the parts of the machine that need to be
lifted for maintenance or repair work are firmly propped
up.
Before any work is done on the electric circuit or before
any electric welding is carried out on the attached
machine, disconnect the machine from the tractor
Safety
15
electrical circuit. Also disconnect alternator and battery
terminals.
Repairs on elements under pressure or tension (springs,
pressure accumulators, etc.) must only be carried out by
competent persons with regulation equipment.
Wear the appropriate protective clothing for the work in
hand (gloves, shoes, goggles, helmet, ear defenders,
etc.).
Do not solder, weld or use a blow torch near fluids under
pressure or inflammable products.
For your own safety and for correct machine operation,
only use original manufacturer parts.
It is strongly recommended to have your machine
checked by your Kuhn dealer after each season,
especially tools and their attaching hardware.
Projection of stones and foreign objects
Shredders
BKE 280-305 SUPER
For driver safety, always use a tractor equipped with a
cab. Keep the ground to be shredded free from foreign
objects. Avoid using the shredder on stony or rocky
ground. If this is not possible, take extra safety
precautions, such as:
- Fit polycarbonate screens inside the tractor cab's side
and rear windows, or install narrow mesh guards on
their exterior.
- Increase the cutting height to avoid contact with
stones or rocks.
Never start the shredder when there are people nearby.
Even when the machine is used in accordance with its
purpose, objects may be projected. Stones and other
foreign objects projected by the moving parts can travel
a considerable distance. Keep all persons and animals
away from the danger zone.
The guard plates/covers on the machine help reduce the
risks of projection. Therefore, make sure that all
shredder protection devices are in place and good
condition prior to using the machine.
Regularly check the condition of the guard plates/covers.
Immediatly replace any worn, damaged or missing
guard plate/cover.
Precautions for machine use
Before using the shredder, inspect shredding tools
(knives, rotors) and their attachment hardware in
accordance with the instructions given in the present
manual. Immediatly replace any worn, damaged or
missing guard plate/cover. Before engaging the pto
drive, lower the shredder onto the ground. For your
safety, only use genuine parts !
16
Safety
Regularly check the condition of the guard plates/covers.
Immediatly replace any worn, damaged or missing
cover. Before engaging the PTO drive, lower the
machine on the ground. Make sure all the guards are in
place. Keep all persons and animals away from the
danger zone.
Stay a safe distance from the machine when the cutting
tools are in movement.
Never work in reverse.
After disengaging the PTO drive, cuttings tools can
continue rotating for some time. Stay away from the
machine until all moving parts have come to a complete
standstill.
If the machine hits an obstacle, disengage the PTO
drive, stop the tractor engine, remove the ignition key
and wait for all moving parts to come to a complete
standstill. Check the entire machine for any damage
before resuming work.
Shredders
BKE 280-305 SUPER
Safety
17
Precautions to take to prevent rotor from
clogging
Foreign bodies in the field (wire,...) can cause clogging.
Avoid shredding close to roads, dumps or inert material
dumps.
To eliminate cloggings, take the following safety
measures:
- Switch off the engine.
- Lift the machine using the tractor's lift linkage.
- Put on gloves and protective glasses.
- Wait until all rotating parts have come to a complete
stop.
- Checked concerned parts for overheating.
- Prop up frame using trestles.
- Remove foreign body with adequate equipment (lever
and pliers).
Shredders
BKE 280-305 SUPER
18
Safety
3. Location and description of safety decals on the machine
Location of safety decals
Shredders
BKE 280-305 SUPER
Safety
19
Description of safety decals
Operating instructions (1)
The operators' manual contains all the information
necessary for using the machine safely. It is imperative
to read and comply with all instructions.
Working on the machine (2)
Shredders
BKE 280-305 SUPER
Before leaving the tractor or before adjusting,
maintaining or repairing the machine, disengage the
PTO drive, turn off the engine, remove ignition key and
wait until all moving parts have come to a complete stop
and apply park brake.
Projections (3)
Stones and other debris pro jected by the moving parts
can travel a long distance. The guard plates/covers must
always be in position and in good condition. Always sta y
at a safe distance from the machine.
20
Safety
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