OPERATOR'S MANUAL
Shredders
BK
JN009BGB F
- English - 07-2007
Shredders
BK
$DEAR OWNER
In buying a Kuhn machine you have chosen wisely. Into it have gone years of thought, research and
improvements. You will find, as have thousands of owners all over the world, that you have the best that
engineering skill and actual field testing can produce. You have purchased a dependable machine, but only by
proper care and operation can you expect to receive the performance and long service built into it.
This manual contains all the necessary information for you to receive full efficiency from your machine. The
performance you get from this machine is largely dependent on how well you read and understand this manual
and apply this knowledge. Please DO NOT ASSUME YOU KNOW HOW TO OPERATE AND MAINTAIN YOUR
MACHINE before reading this manual carefully. KEEP THIS MANUAL AVAILABLE FOR REFERENCE. Pass
it on to the next owner if you re-sell the machine.
Your KUHN dealer can offer a complete line of genuine KUHN service parts. These parts are manufactured and
carefully inspected in the same factory that builds the machine to assure high quality and accurate fitting of any
necessary replacements.
About improvements
We are continually striving to improve our products. It therefore reserves the right to make improvements or
changes when it becomes practical to do so, without incurring any obligations to make changes or additions to
the equipment sold previously.
Designated use of the machine
BK shredders must only be used for the work for which they have been designed: shredding of plant residues
(straw, maize, sunflower, rape) and set-aside land.
Dear Owner
1
Shredders
BK
$CONTENTS
Dear Owner..................................................................................................................... 1
Contents .........................................................................................................................2
Identification of the machine ........................................................................................4
Front view ......................................................................................................................................... 4
Rear view .......................................................................................................................................... 4
Model identification plate................................................................................................................ 5
Optional equipment ......................................................................................................................... 5
Safety ..............................................................................................................................6
Description of symbols used in this document ............................................................................ 6
Safety instructions........................................................................................................................... 7
Location and description of safety decals on the machine....................................................... 15
Machine specifications................................................................................................ 21
Description and glossary .............................................................................................................. 21
Technical specifications................................................................................................................ 22
Required equipment ...................................................................................................................... 23
Sound levels................................................................................................................................... 24
Putting into service...................................................................................................... 25
Coupling and uncoupling.............................................................................................................. 25
Instructions for transport............................................................................................ 35
2
Putting the machine into transport position ............................................................................... 35
Conformity with the road regulations .......................................................................................... 35
Contents
Shredders
Instructions for work....................................................................................................36
Putting the machine into work position ...................................................................................... 36
Adjustments in working position .................................................................................................37
Machine use ................................................................................................................................... 41
Optional equipment......................................................................................................42
Skids ............................................................................................................................................... 42
Hydraulic offset (BK230-280)........................................................................................................ 45
Double skinned plate..................................................................................................................... 47
Spreading deflectors ..................................................................................................................... 49
Lengthways transport (BK320)..................................................................................................... 50
BK
Semi-automatic hitch frame (BK320) ........................................................................................... 54
Maintenance and storage ............................................................................................55
Frequency chart............................................................................................................................. 55
Cleaning the machine.................................................................................................................... 56
Lubrication ..................................................................................................................................... 56
Maintenance................................................................................................................................... 60
Storage ........................................................................................................................................... 66
Limited warranty...........................................................................................................68
Contents
3
1. Front view
Shredders
BK
$IDENTIFICATION OF THE MACHINE
2. Rear view
4
Identification of the machine
3. Model identification plate
Please write below the type and serial number of the
machine. This information is to be indicated to the dealer
for all spare parts orders.
Type: BK
Shredders
BK
No:
4. Optional equipment
Kit no. 1556822: Skids (BK230).
Kit no. 1556810: Skids (BK280).
Kit no. 1556800: Skids (BK320).
Kit no. 1556819: Hydraulic offset (BK230/280).
Kit no. 1556805: Double skinned plate (BK230).
Kit no. 1556806: Double skinned plate (BK280).
Kit no. 1556825: Double skinned plate (BK320).
Kit no. 1556823: Spreading deflectors (BK230).
Kit no. 1556824: Spreading deflectors (BK280).
Kit no. 1556839: Spreading deflectors (BK320).
Kit no. 1556828: Lengthways transport (BK320).
Kit no. 1556827: Semi-automatic hitch frame (BK320).
Identification of the machine
5
$SAFETY
1. Description of symbols used in this document
This symbol indicates a potentially hazardous situation
that if not avoided, could result in serious bodily injury.
Shredders
BK
This symbol is used to identify special instructions or
procedures which, if not followed strictly, could result in
machinery damage.
This symbol is used to communicate technical
information of particular interest.
6
Safety
Shredders
2. Safety instructions
Introduction
The machine must only be operated, maintained and repaired by competent persons who are familiar with
machine specifications and operation and aware of safety regulations for preventing accidents.
The operator must imperatively respect safety instructions in this manual and in the warnings posted on the
machine. The operator is also obliged to respect current legislation concerning accident prevention, work safety
and public traffic circulation.
Designated use of the machine also means following operation, maintenance and repair recommendations
given by the manufacturer, and using only genuine spare parts, equipment and accessories, as recommended
by the manufacturer.
The manufacturer is not held liable for any damage resulting from machine applications other than those
specified by the manufacturer. Any use other than the designated operation is at the risk and responsibility of
the operator.
The manufacturer is not held liable for any damage or accidents resulting from machine modifications carried
out by the operator himself or by a third party without previous written agreement from the manufacturer.
BK
Read and follow the safety instructions
Before using the machine, carefully read all the safety
instructions in this manual and the warnings placed on
the machine.
Before starting work, the operator must be familiar with
all machine controls, handling devices and their
functions. It is too late to learn once work has been
started!
Never let anyone operate the machine who is not trained
to do so.
Should you have any difficulties in understanding certain
parts in this manual, please contact your KUHN dealer.
Precautions to be taken before carrying out
any operations on the machine
Before leaving the tractor or before adjusting,
maintaining or repairing the machine, disengage the
PTO drive, turn off the engine, remove ignition key and
wait until all moving parts have come to a complete stop
and apply park brake.
Safety
7
Precautions to take before using the
machine
Do not wear loose clothing which could become caught
up in moving parts.
Wear the appropriate protective clothing for the work in
hand (gloves, shoes, goggles, helmet, ear-protectors,
etc.).
Make sure that all operating controls (ropes, cables,
rods, etc) are placed so that they cannot be set off
accidentally, risking accident or damage.
Before operating the machine, check tightness of nuts
and bolts, particularly on fixing elements (tines, forks,
blades, knives, etc). Retighten if necessary.
Before operating the machine, ensure that all the safety
guards are firmly in place and in good condition.
Immediately replace any worn or damaged guard.
Shredders
BK
Precautions when driving
Precision steering, tractor adherence, road holding and
efficient braking are influenced by the type of implement,
weight, ballast of front axle, ground or road conditions. It
is therefore of the utmost importance to be cautious in
every given situation.
Groundspeed must be adapted to ground conditions as
well as to roads and paths. Always avoid abrupt changes
of direction.
Be particularly cautious when turning corners, paying
attention to machine overhang, length, height and
weight.
Never use a narrow track tractor on very uneven or
steeply sloping ground.
Never leave the tractor seat while the machine is
operating.
Carrying people or animals on the machine when
working or in transport is strictly forbidden.
8
Safety
Precautions when driving on public roads
Dimensions
Depending on the dimensions of the machine, contact
the relevant authorities to ensure that it can be legally
transported on public roads.
If the machine is over the maximum legal size, follow the
local regulations for special transports of oversize
equipment.
Gross weight and weight per axle
Check that the tractor's authorized gross weight as well
as its lift capacity and maximum weight per axle are not
surpassed.
If necessary, add ballast weights to the front or to the
rear to preserve the steering and braking efficiency.
The front axle load (1) must never, under any
circumstances, be less than 20% of the tractor's unladen
weight.
Shredders
BK
Transport position
Before transporting the machine on public roads, place
the machine into its transport position, according to the
instructions in this manual.
Lightings and signallings
Before transporting the machine on public roads, ensure
that all legally required lightings and signallings are in
place.
Ensure that lightings and signallings are clean and in
good working order. Replace any missing or broken
equipment.
Always obey current regulations for driving
on roads.
Maximum speed
Always keep to the legal speed limit for driving a tractormachine assembly on public roads.
Safety
9
Precautions when coupling
Before attaching the machine, make sure that it cannot
accidentally start moving (chock the wheels) and that the
parking stand is in the right position.
The machine must only be attached to the hitch points
provided for this purpose.
Never stand between the tractor and the machine when
operating the rear remote control lever of the three point
linkage.
Do not stand between the tractor and the machine
without ensuring that the parking brake is applied.
Shredders
BK
Hydraulic circuit
Beware! The hydraulic circuit is under pressure.
Maximum pressure at work: 200 bar.
Before connecting hoses to the tractor hydraulics,
ensure that tractor and machine circuits are not under
pressure. Before disconnecting a hose, depressurize the
hydraulic circuit.
To avoid making wrong connections, mark hydraulic
couplers and corresponding hoses with colours.
WARNING! Functions could be reversed (for example:
lift/lower) and cause accidents.
Regularly check the hydraulic hoses. In case of normal
wear, replace the hydraulic hoses every 5 years.
Damaged or worn hoses must immediately be replaced.
When replacing the hydraulic hoses, make sure to use
hoses with the specifications and quality recommended
by the manufacturer of the machine.
To locate a leak, use appropriate means. Protect body
and hands from liquid under pressure.
Any liquid under pressure (particularly oil from
hydraulics) can penetrate the skin and cause severe
injury. If injured, see a doctor immediately, there could
be danger of infection.
Before any adjustments, maintenance or repairs are
carried out, lower the machine on the ground,
depressurize the hydraulics, turn off the engine, remove
ignition key and wait until all moving parts have come to
a complete stop.
10
Safety
PTO shaft
Use only PTO shafts supplied with the machine or
recommended by the manufacturer.
The protective shield of the tractor PTO stub, the PTO
shaft guards and the protective covering of the machine
input shaft must always be in place and in good
condition.
Make sure that the PTO shaft guards are secured with
the safety chains provided.
Any worn or damaged protection must be replaced
immediately. A worn guard or an unprotected PTO shaft
can cause a serious or even a lethal accident.
Do not wear loose clothing that could be caught in the
rotating PTO shaft.
Before attaching or removing a PTO shaft, or before
doing any work on the machine, disengage the PTO
drive, turn off the engine, remove ignition key and wait
for all moving parts have come to a complete stop.
If the primary PTO shaft is equipped with a slip clutch or
a free wheel, these must be fitted on the machine side.
Ensure that the PTO shaft is always correctly fitted and
locked into place.
Before connecting the PTO shaft, ensure that the PTO
speed (rotational frequency) and directions of rotation
are in line with manufacturer's recommendations.
Before engaging the PTO drive, make sure all people
and animals are clear from the machine. Never engage
the PTO drive when the tractor engine is stopped.
When uncoupling the machine, rest the PTO shaft on the
support specially provided, and replace protective cover
on the PTO stub of the tractor.
Read and follow the instructions in the operator's manual
provided with the PTO shaft.
Shredders
BK
Safety
11
Precautions during manoeuvres
When moving the machine from the transport position to
the working position and vice versa, make sure that
nobody is within the machine pivoting area.
Remote controlled components
Danger of crushing and shearing can exist when
components are operated by hydraulic or pneumatic
controls. Keep away from these danger zones.
Safety decals
Safety warning decals to respect, are placed in pictorial
form on various parts of the machine. They are there to
warn you of potential dangers and to tell you how to
avoid accidents.
Always keep the safety decals clean and readable, and
replace them when they are worn, damaged, missing or
illegible.
Shredders
BK
Waste disposal
Respect the environment! Never spill pollutants (oil,
grease, filters etc.) on the ground neither pour them
down the drain or discard them in any other place where
they could pollute the environment. Never throw away or
burn a tire. Always take waste to specialized recycling or
waste disposal centers.
12
Safety
Precautions for maintenance and repair
work
Before leaving the tractor or before adjusting,
maintaining or repairing the machine, disengage the
PTO drive, turn off the engine, remove ignition key and
wait until all moving parts have come to a complete stop
and apply park brake.
Rest the machine on the ground, release the pressure
from the hydraulic circuit and leave the machine to cool
down.
Make sure that the parts of the machine that need to be
lifted for maintenance or repair work are firmly propped
up.
Before any work is done on the electric circuit or before
any electric welding is carried out on the attached
machine, disconnect the machine from the tractor
electrical circuit. Also disconnect alternator and battery
terminals.
Repairs on elements under pressure or tension (springs,
pressure accumulators, etc.) must only be carried out by
competent persons with regulation equipment.
Wear the appropriate protective clothing for the work in
hand (gloves, shoes, goggles, helmet, ear-protectors,
etc.).
Do not solder, weld or use a blow torch near fluids under
pressure or inflammable products.
For your own safety and for correct machine operation,
only use original manufacturer parts.
It is strongly recommended to have your machine
serviced by your dealer after each season, especially
cutting elements and their fixing devices.
Shredders
BK
Projection of stones and foreign objects
For driver safety, always use a tractor equipped with a
cab. Keep the ground to be shredded free from foreign
objects. Avoid using the shredder on stony or rocky
ground. If this is not possible, take extra safety
precautions, such as:
- Fit polycarbonate screens inside the tractor cab's side
and rear windows, or install narrow mesh guards on
their exterior.
- Increase the cutting height to avoid contact with
stones or rocks.
Never start the shredder when there are people nearby.
Safety
13
Even when the machine is used in accordance with its
purpose, objects may be projected. Stones and other
foreign objects projected by the moving parts can travel
a considerable distance. Keep all persons and animals
away from the danger zone.
The guard plates/covers on the machine help reduce the
risks of projection. Therefore, make sure that all mower
protection devices are in place and good condition prior
to using the machine.
Regularly check the condition of the guard plates/covers.
Immediatly replace any worn, damaged or missing
guard plate/cover.
Precautions for machine use
Before using the shredder, inspect shredding tools
(knives, rotors) and their attachment hardware in
accordance with the instructions given in the present
manual. Immediatly replace any worn, damaged or
missing guard plate/cover.Before engaging the pto
drive, lower the shredder onto the ground. For your
safety, only use genuine parts !
Regularly check the condition of the guard plates/covers.
Make sure all the guards are in place. Keep all persons
and animals away from the danger zone.
Stay a safe distance from the machine when the cutting
tools are in movement.
Never work in reverse.
After disengaging the PTO drive, cuttings tools can
continue rotating for some time. Stay away from the
machine until all moving parts have come to a complete
standstill.
If the machine hits an obstacle, disengage the PTO
drive, stop the tractor engine, remove the ignition key
and wait for all moving parts to come to a complete
standstill. Check the entire machine for any damage
before resuming work.
Shredders
BK
14
Safety
3. Location and description of safety decals on the machine
Location of safety decals
Shredders
BK
Safety
15
Description of safety decals
Operating instructions (1)
The operator's manual contains all the information
necessary for using the machine safely. It is imperative
to read and comply with all instructions.
Working on the machine (2)
Shredders
BK
Before leaving the tractor or before adjusting,
maintaining or repairing the machine, disengage the
PTO drive, turn off the engine, remove ignition key and
wait until all moving parts have come to a complete stop
and apply park brake.
Projections (3)
Stones and other debris projected by the moving parts
can travel a long distance. The protection covers must
always be in position and in good condition. Always stay
at a safe distance from the machine.
16
Safety
Rotating cutting tools (4)
Keep away from the mower knives all the time the engine
is running, the PTO drive engaged and the moving parts
have not come to a complete stop.
Moving elements (5)
Do not open or remove guards when the engine is on.
Shredders
BK
Support wheels (6)
At work, the support wheels must rest on the
ground. During manoeuvres, raise the machine to lift the
wheels off the ground.
Safety
17
Crushing area (7)
Never operate in an area where there is a crushing risk
before all moving parts have come to a complete stop .
Danger of falling (8)
Do not ride on the machine.
Shredders
BK
Anchoring point (9)
Indicates anchoring points for handling the machine.
18
Safety
Hydraulic circuit (10)
Beware of escaping fluids under pressure.
See chapter "Safety", Section "Hydraulic circuit".
Risk of injuries (11)
Before adjusting, maintaining or repairing the machine,
wait until all moving parts have come to a complete stop.
Shredders
BK
Risk of being crushed (12)
Do not stay between the machine and the tractor.
Safety
19
Risk of entanglement (13)
Stay clear of rotating drive line.
Shredders
BK
20
Safety
$MACHINE SPECIFICATIONS
1. Description and glossary
0
Shredders
BK
1 : Three-point hitch coupler 2 : Swinging yoke
3 : Hitch pins 4 : Parking stand
5 : PTO shaft support 6 : Central gearbox
7 : Side drive shaft 8 : Roller
9 : Belt guard 10 : Rear hood
Machine specifications
21
Shredders
BK
2. Technical specifications
BK230 BK280 BK320
Coupling device 3 point, Category 2
Working width 2.30 m (7’7’’) 2.80 m (9’2’’) 3.20 m (10’6’’)
Maximum width 2.50 m (8’2’’) 3.00 m (9’9’’) 3.45 m (11’4’’)
PTO speed 540 min
Rotor speed 2083 min
-1
-1
540 min-11000 min
1833 min-11960 min
-1
-1
1000 min
1758 min
-1
-1
Maximum allowable PTO power 57 kW (77 hp)
60 kW
(82 hp)
92 kW
(125 hp)
103 kW (140 hp)
Minimum tractor power 44 kW (59 hp) 54 kW (73 hp) 60 kW (81 hp)
Free wheel Inside central gearbox
Outer rotor diameter 620 mm (2’) 647 mm (2’1’’) 647 mm (2’1’’)
Universal
knives
52 64 72
Universal
knives + long
52+26 64+32 72+36
stubble pallets
Number of knives
Universal
knives +
Straight
52+26 64+32 72+36
knives
Hammer
knives
26 32 36
Weight including equipment 950 kg (2095 lb) 1020 kg (2249 lb) 1410 kg (3109 lb)
22
Machine specifications
3. Required equipment
Roller
The roller is recommended for shredding set-aside and
pasture land.
Semi-pivoting wheels.
Shredders
BK
The semi-pivoting wheels are recommended for
shredding plant residues such as maize, rape or
sunflower.
Machine specifications
23
Shredders
4. Sound levels
Sound levels have been measured in accordance with the measuring methods as defined in:
NF EN 1553
"Agricultural machinery - Self-propelled, mounted, semi-mounted and trailed - Common safety
recommendations"
Weighted equivalent continuous acoustic pressure level at the driver's seat (closed cabin) L (A) eq:
- BK240: 86.5 dB(A).
- BK280: 88.5 dB(A).
- BK320: 84.0 dB(A).
Measured weighed volume level Lw (A) according to standard EN ISO 3744 : 1997 for machines that exceed
a pressure of 85dB(A) in the driver's post:
- BK240: 106.0 dB(A).
- BK280: 116.0 dB(A).
BK
Wear ear protectors.
24
Machine specifications
$PUTTING INTO SERVICE
1. Coupling and uncoupling
Description of coupling elements
- A PTO shaft 1 3/8’’ - 6 splines.
- Attachment configuration category 2.
Shredders
BK
Preparing the tractor
The tractor must be fitted with lower link
stabilizers.
The tractor PTO stub must rotate at a speed of
540 min
(BK 280 / BK 320).
-1
(BK 230 / BK 280) or 1000 min
Hitch pin parallelism
Adjust tractor lift rods so that hitch pins are parallel to the
ground.
-1
Putting into service
25
Preparing the machine (BK 280)
Check the speed preset by the manufacturer through the
stickers on the machine.
The BK 280 machine is factory preset at a PTO speed of
1000 min
-1
.
Shredders
BK
Invert drive pulleys to obtain a different machine PTO
speed (540 min
-1
).
Inverting the pulleys
- Remove 4 bolts (2).
- Remove belt guard (1).
26
Putting into service
- Loosen screw (3).
- Loosen the 4 screws (4) that hold the central gearbox.
- Loosen counter nut (5).
- Loosen adjustment screws (6) and (7) to slacken
belts.
Shredders
BK
- Remove the 4 V-belts (9).
- Remove 7 bolts (10).
- Insert and screw 3 out of the 7 screws in the 3
threaded holes (11)
Insert screws in threaded holes (11) to extract Tclamps.
- Remove T-clamp (12).
- Remove pulley A.
- Repeat procedure on pulley (B).
.
- Invert and reinstall pulleys (A) and (B).
Putting into service
27
- Reinstall T-clamp (12) of pulley (A).
- Reinstall the 7 bolts (10).
- Tighten screws (10).
• Torque: 4.2 daN m (31 lbf ft).
Shredders
BK
- Reinstall T-clamp (12) of pulley (B).
- Reinstall the 7 bolts (10).
- Reinstall the 4 belts (9).
- Turn the adjustment screws (6) and nuts (7) equally
until reaching the optimum tension.
By adjusting (6) and (7) equally, the central
transmission shaft is kept parallel to the rotor.
- Tighten screws (3) and (4).
- Tighten counter nut (5).
28
Putting into service
- Using a ruler, check that pulleys are in line (8)
- Repeat procedure until perfect pulley alignment is
obtained.
- Reinstall the belt guard (1).
- Reinstall bolts (2).
Shredders
BK
Coupling the machine
- Lower the tractor three-point linkage.
- Place the lower links as close as possible under the
hitch pins.
- Attach the lower links to the hitch pins (1).
- Secure with lynch pins.
- Attach top link (2).
- Lock the upper hitch attachment using lynch pin (3).
- Lift the machine using the tractor's lift linkage.
- Fold parking stand 4 upwards and lock it in place.
Putting into service
29
Primary PTO shaft
Make sure that the PTO shaft is correctly
adjusted, to avoid premature wear and tear.
Shredders
BK
The tractor PTO stub must rotate at a speed of 540 min
or 1000 min-1.
Separate the two half PTO shafts and connect them to
the machine's input shaft and to the tractor PTO stub.
Check the length of the PTO shaft:
- When the PTO shaft is in its maximum overlap
position (retracted), tubes should not butt against the
yokes. As a safety measure, a clearance (L) of at least
25 mm (1’’) must be maintained.
- When the PTO shaft is in its maximum extended
position, the tube overlap must be more than
250 mm (10’’).
If this is not the case:
- Mark length (H) to cut when the transmission is the
maximum overlap position.
- Shorten the guard tubes and the transmission tubes
by the same length.
- Bevel and clean the tubes.
- Grease the inside of the outer tube.
-1
Never operate the PTO shaft at an angle X exceeding
30°.
30
Putting into service
Attach PTO shaft guard chain in hole (1) on machine
side.
To avoid serious accidents, the PTO drive
shaft guards must be properly in place and
fixed with the chains provided.
Shredders
BK
Immediately replace any worn or damaged
guard.
Adjusting the machine
Lateral adjustment of the lower links
Balance the play on either sides of the lift linkage and
lock lower link stabilizers.
Putting into service
31
Length of the top link
- Adjust the height of the lift linkage and the length of
the top link until the machine is horizontal or only
slightly higher at the front.
- Adjust the length of the top link in order to set the
swinging yoke (1) at an angle of X = 45° when the
machine is in the working position.
Shredders
BK
HYDRAULIC Connections
Connect hydraulic hoses (a) and (b) to the same
hydraulic double acting outlet.
32
Putting into service
Uncoupling the machine
Park the machine on an even fairly level
ground.
From the working position:
- Lower and lock parking stand (1).
- Lower the tractor three-point linkage to rest the
machine on the ground.
- Uncouple and place PTO shaft in support (2).
- Detach the top link from the machine end (3).
- Uncouple the lower links (4).
- Lower the tractor three-point linkage.
Shredders
BK
The machine is uncoupled.
Putting into service
33
Handling
When lifting this equipment, use appropriate
lift straps, chains or any other equipment, in
perfect working order, complying with safety
standards in force for this type of equipment,
and with capacities that exceed the total
weight of the unit, as listed in this manual:
- BK230: 950 kg (2095 lb).
- BK280: 1020 kg (2249 lb).
- BK320: 1410 kg (3109 lb).
The location of lifting points is indicated by a
pictorial Part no. 0018661.
Use lifting points (1).
Shredders
BK
34
Putting into service
$INSTRUCTIONS FOR TRANSPORT
Before placing the machine into transport
position:
- Wait until the rotating parts have come
to a complete stop.
- Check that nobody is within the machine
pivoting area.
- If there is someone, make sure the
person moves away.
Shredders
BK
1. Putting the machine into transport position
From the working position:
Lift the machine with the tractor's three point linkage.
If the machine is equipped with semi-pivoting wheels:
- Lock semi-pivoting wheels:
• Secure pin (1) using R-clip.
The machine is in transport position.
Never engage the tractor PTO drive when the
machine is in transport position.
2. Conformity with the road regulations
Before driving the machine on public roads,
ensure that the machine complies with
current highway code regulations.
Check that the signalling panels are clean and that the
lighting equipment functions before going on public
roads.
Instructions for transport
35
$INSTRUCTIONS FOR WORK
Before placing the machine in working
position:
- Check that nobody is within the machine
pivoting area.
- If there is someone, make sure the
person moves away.
1. Putting the machine into work position
Shredders
BK
From the transport position:
If the machine is equipped with semi-pivoting wheels:
- Unlock semi-pivoting wheels:
• Unlock and remove pin (1).
• Fit pin in its holder.
• Secure pin (1) using R-clip.
- Lower the tractor's lift linkage until the rear support
unit touches the ground.
The machine is in working position.
36
Instructions for work
2. Adjustments in working position
Working height
The cutting tools must never touch the
ground.
The working height is set by the position of the rear
support unit.
With roller (Compulsory equipment):
- Slightly lift the machine from the ground.
- Loosen bolts (1) (2) (3).
- Remove screw (3).
- Proceed the same way on the other side.
- Position roller in holes corresponding to the required
adjustment.
- Reinstall screw (3).
- Tighten screws (2) and (3).
• Torque: 13.5 daNm (99 lbf ft).
- Torque bolts to (1)
• Torque: 21 daNm (155 lbf ft).
Shredders
BK
Relationship between the working height and the
roller position:
- Hole (1) = 20 mm (0.8’’).
- Hole (2) = 50 mm (2’’).
- Hole (3) = 84 mm (3.3’’).
Instructions for work
37
With semi-pivoting wheels (Compulsory equipment):
- Slightly lift the machine from the ground.
- Loosen screw (1).
- Remove screw (2).
- Position wheel arm in hole corresponding to the
required setting.
- Reinstall and tighten screw (2).
• Torque: 21 daN m (155 lbf ft).
- Tighten screw (1).
• Torque: 21 daN m (155 lbf ft).
Relations between the working height and the
position of the wheels:
- Hole (1) = 20 mm (0.8’’).
- Hole (2) = 65 mm (2.6’’).
- Hole (3) = 110 mm (4.4’’).
Shredders
BK
With skids (Optional equipment):
- Slightly lift the machine from the ground.
- Remove bolts (1).
- Remove screw (2).
- Position work skid in hole corresponding to the
required setting.
- Reinstall and tighten screw (2)
• Torque: 21 daN m (155 lbf ft).
- Tighten screw (1)
• Torque: 21 daN m (155 lbf ft).
- Tighten screw (3)
• Torque: 5 daN m (37 lbf ft).
38
Instructions for work
Height of the tractor's lift linkage
- Lower the 3 point lift of the tractor until the rear support
element rests on the ground.
- Adjust the height of the lift linkage until the machine is
horizontal or only slightly higher at the front.
This adjustment helps vegetation to enter.
Avoid modifying the linkage height to tilt the
machine frontwards.
When tilting the rear part of the machine
downwards, there is an increased risk of
material being ejected towards the operator.
Shredders
BK
Instructions for work
39
Rear hood
In fields with many plant residues, it it possible to work
with the rear hood in opened position.
- Remove 3 bolts (1).
- Open hood.
Shredders
BK
- Insert screws (2) and tighten nuts to secure hood in
open position.
• Torque: 8 daN m (59 lbf ft).
On the BK320, the machine must be fitted
with side guards to work with the rear hood in
opened position.
(See chapter: "Optional equipment", Section
"Spreading deflectors").
To work with an open hood, follow below
safety instructions:
- Keep at 50 m (164’) from roads and
houses.
- Stop the machine when there are people
or animals in the area.
- Switch on the tractor's flashing light to
indicate the machine is in operation.
40
Instructions for work
3. Machine use
Before shredding: Keep all persons and
animals away from the machine danger zone.
This zone is defined by a radius (R) of
50 m (164’) around the working line of the
machine.
If using a tractor with a cab that is not soundproofed or pressurized, the operator must
use individual protection equipment:
Ear protections, if the noise exceeds normal
exposure limits.
Anti-dust mask if working in very dry
conditions or when large quantities of dust
are lifted.
Shredders
BK
If the machine starts vibrating oddly during
work,immediately stop and check the
condition of the rotor, the cutting tools and
the balancing ballast. Excessive vibration
can cause physical harm to the user.
The top link is in floating position during work to
provide good ground adaptation in irregular
grounds.
Groundspeed
Adapt the forward speed to the working conditions.
Instructions for work
41
$OPTIONAL EQUIPMENT
1. Skids
Kit no. 1556822 (BK230)
Kit no. 1556810 (BK280)
Kit no. 1556800 (BK320)
Use skids on irregular grounds, they ensure a steady
working height and prevent contact between the
shredding tools and the ground.
Shredders
BK
Mounting and adjustment
Slightly lift machine off the ground using an adapted
lifting device.
When semi-pivoting wheels are fitted:
- Remove original bolts and nuts (1).
- Remove nut and washer (2).
- Insert screws (1).
- Position skid in holes corresponding to the required
adjustment.
42
Optional equipment
Relations between the working height and the
skid position:
- Hole (1) = 20 mm (0.8’’).
- Hole (2) = 30 mm (1.2’’).
- Hole (3) = 50 mm (2’’).
- Reinstall washers and nuts (1) (2).
• Torque (2): 5 daN m (37 lbf ft).
• Torque (1): 21 daN m (155 lbf ft).
Proceed the same way on the other side.
- Check that the 2 skids are set identically.
When a roller is fitted:
Remove nut and washer (1).
Shredders
BK
- Remove original bolts and nuts (1).
- Remove nut and washer (2).
- Insert screws (1).
- Position skid in holes corresponding to the required
adjustment.
Optional equipment
43
Relations between the working height and the
skid position:
- Hole (1) = 20 mm (0.8’’).
- Hole (2) = 30 mm (1.2’’).
- Hole (3) = 50 mm (2’’).
- Reinstall washers and nuts (1) (2).
• Torque (2): 5 daN m (37 lbf ft).
• Torque (1): 21 daN m (155 lbf ft).
Shredders
BK
Proceed the same way on the other side.
Check that the 2 skids are set identically.
44
Optional equipment
2. Hydraulic offset (BK230-280)
Kit no. 1556819
The hydraulic offset can be used to offset the machine
up to 400 mm (1’3’’).
Fitting
In parking position:
- Block machine with wooden chocks (1).
When lifting this equipment, use appropriate
lift straps, chains or any other equipment, in
perfect working order, complying with safety
standards in force for this type of equipment,
and with capacities that exceed the total
weight of the unit, as listed in this manual:
- BK230: 950 kg (2095 lb).
- BK280: 1020 kg (2249 lb).
Shredders
BK
- Attach a sling between the hitch frame and a lifting
device.
- Raise the lifting device to tension the sling.
- Remove 6 bolts (3).
- Remove hitch frame.
Optional equipment
45
- Using a lifting device, position hitch frame with
hydraulic offset (1) opposite attachment holes.
- Position parking stand (2) opposite attachment holes.
- Mount offset cylinder in points (4) and (5).
- Reinstall the 6 bolts (3).
- Reinstall washers and nuts.
• Torque: 13.5 daN m (99 lbf ft).
- Couple the machine to the tractor: See section
’’Coupling the machine’’.
Hydraulic connection
Connect hydraulic hoses (a) and (b) to a double acting
outlet.
Shredders
BK
Machine use
Activate offset cylinder to offset the machine sideways
by 400 mm (1’3’’) or put the machine in line with regards
to the tractor.
Maintenance
Every 8 hours
Grease:
- The slide tube.
46
Optional equipment
3. Double skinned plate
Kit no. 1556805 (BK230)
Kit no. 1556806 (BK280)
Kit no. 1556825 (BK320)
Fitting
In parking position:
- Remove 3 bolts (1).
- Open hood.
Shredders
BK
- Insert screws (2) and tighten nuts to secure hood in
open position.
• Torque: 9 daN m (67 lbf ft).
- Position double skinned plate (1) opposite the holes.
- Insert screws (2).
- Tighten nuts (3).
• Torque: 5 daN m (37 lbf ft).
Optional equipment
47
- Remove bolts (2).
- Close hood.
- Tighten screws (1).
• Torque: 9daN m (67 lbf ft).
Shredders
BK
48
Optional equipment
4. Spreading deflectors
Kit no. 1556823 (BK230)
Kit no. 1556824 (BK280)
Kit no. 1556839 (BK320)
The deflectors are used to spread the shredded material
inside the area worked.
For fitting the deflectors on the BK320, the
side guards must already be mounted on the
hood.
Fitting the side guards (BK320)
Shredders
BK
In parking position:
- Remove 3 bolts (1).
- Open hood.
- Insert screws (2) and tighten nuts to secure hood in
open position.
• Torque: 9 daN m (67 lbf ft).
- Fit the 2 side guards by inserting the 4 screws in holes
(3).
- Tighten nuts.
• Torque: 9 daN m (67 lbf ft).
Fitting the deflectors
- Insert screws (4) in hood holes.
- Tighten screws.
• Torque: 5 daN m (37 lbf ft).
Optional equipment
49
5. Lengthways transport (BK320)
Kit no. 1556828 (BK320)
Fitting the front wheel
- Position support (1).
- Install 6 bolts (2).
- Tighten screws (2).
• Torque: 9 daNm (67 lbf ft).
- Position wheel arm (3) on pivot pin(4).
- Slide washer (5) on pivot pin (4).
- Insert bolt and nut (6) in pivot pin (4).
- Tighten screw (6).
• Torque: 5 daNm (37 lbf ft).
- Insert pivot pin (7) in hole corresponding to the
working position (A).
- Lock pin using lynch pin (8).
Shredders
BK
Fitting the rear right wheel
- Remove pin (1).
- Remove pin (P).
- Remove wheel arm (2).
- Remove the 4 nuts (3).
- Remove arm support (4).
- Fit support (5).
- Insert the 4 nuts (3).
- Tighten nuts (3).
• Torque: 21 daNm (155 lbf ft).
- Fit arm support (6) on pivot pin (7).
- Slide washer (8) on pivot pin (7).
- Insert bolt and nut (9) in pivot pin (7).
- Tighten screw (9).
• Torque: 5 daNm (37 lbf ft).
- Insert pivot pin (10) in hole corresponding to the
working position (A).
- Lock pin using lynch pin (11).
- Reinstall wheel arm (2).
- Reinstall and tighten pivot pin (P).
• Torque: 11.5 daNm (85 lbf ft).
- Reinstall and lock pin (1).
50
Optional equipment
Fitting the drawbar
- Position coupling yokes (1), (2) and (3) in
corresponding holes.
- Insert spacers (S) of thickness 10 mm between
coupling yokes and frame.
- Fit and tighten the 10 screws (4).
• Torque: 21 daNm (155 lbf ft).
- Reinstall and lock pin (5).
- Insert drawbar (T) in coupling yokes (1) and (2).
- Fit and tighten the 2 screws (6).
• Torque: 21 daNm (155 lbf ft).
- Insert and lock the 2 pins (7) in holes (A)
corresponding to the working position.
- Place tie rod ball joint (8) on yoke (9).
- Reinstall and lock pin (10).
- Insert tie-rod (8) in support (11).
- Insert parking stand (12) in support (13).
- Lock parking stand using pin (14).
Shredders
BK
Optional equipment
51
Lengthways transport on roads
From the working position:
- Take hold of handle (1).
- remove pin from hole (A).
- Lower wheel.
- Insert and lock pin in hole corresponding to the
transport position (B).
- Take hold of wheel arm (3) of rear right wheel.
- Remove pin (4) from hole (A).
- Lower wheel.
- Insert and lock pin in hole corresponding to the
transport position (B).
Shredders
BK
- Remove pin (5).
- Take hold of drawbar (T).
- Remove the 2 pins (6).
- Lower drawbar (T).
52
Optional equipment
- Insert tie-rod ball joint (7) in yoke (8).
- Reinstall and lock pin (5).
- Remove pin (9).
- Place parking stand (10) in vertical position.
- Reinstall and lock pin (9).
- Lower the tractor three-point linkage.
- Remove the machine from the tractor.
- Adjust drawbar (11) height by turning handle (12).
- Attach towing hook (11) to the tractor linkage.
- Raise parking stand using handle (12).
- Remove pin (9).
- Place parking stand (10) in horizontal position.
- Reinstall and lock pin (9).
Shredders
BK
Optional equipment
53
6. Semi-automatic hitch frame (BK320)
Kit no. 1556827
Coupling the machine
- Remove machine attachment crossbar.
- Fit tractor lower links 2 to the 2 attachment crossbar
pivot points, insert hitch pins and lock using R-clip (3).
- Position and lock the linkage crossmember on the two
lower lifting arms.
- Lower the tractor three-point linkage.
- Position attachment crossbar (1) underneath coupling
yokes.
- Lift lower links until they come into contact with the
coupling yokes.
- Insert and lock pins (2).
Shredders
BK
- Attach top link (4).
- Lock the upper hitch attachment using lynch pin (5).
- Lift the machine using the tractor's lift linkage.
- Fold parking stand 6 upwards and lock it in place.
54
Optional equipment
Before adjusting, maintaining or repairing
the machine, turn off ignition key and wait
until all moving parts have come to a
complete stop.
1. Frequency chart
Shredders
BK
$MAINTENANCE AND STORAGE
Oil change:
- Central gearbox
Grease:
- Universal joint
- PTO shaft tubes
- The PTO shaft guiding
bushes
- The sliding tube of the
BK230-280 hitch frame
with hydraulic offset
- The wheel pins
After the
first 30
hours of
use
Every 8
hours
Every 20
hours
Every 50
hours
Every 250
hours or at
the end of
the season
33
3
3
3
3
3
Maintenance and storage
55
2. Cleaning the machine
Regularly clean the rotor and the machine inner panels.
3. Lubrication
The pictorials show the points to be greased Part
no. 0011999.
Clean grease zerks before greasing
Lubricate with SHELL multi-purpose grease
grade NLGI 2.
Shredders
BK
PTO shaft
Primary PTO shaft
- Every 8 hours:
• universal joints (1).
- Every 20 hours:
• transmission tube (2).
- Every 50 hours:
• guide rings (3).
56
Maintenance and storage
Central gearbox draining
Before draining oil, operate the machine for a
few minutes so that the oil warms up.
The main gearbox is lubricated with SHELL SPIRAX A extreme-pressure gear oil with viscosity grade
80W90 and API grade GL5.
Central gearbox GB:
- BK230: 2.4 L (0.63 US gal lb).
- BK280: 2.8 L (0.74 US gal lb).
- BK320: 3.2 L (0.85 US gal lb).
Central gearbox BONDIOLI:
- BK230: 1.4 L (0.36 US gal lb).
- BK280: 1.8 L (0.47 US gal lb).
- BK320: 2.4 L (0.63 US gal lb).
Shredders
BK
When draining it is recommended to use:
For normal use:
- A mineral base oil with viscosity grade SAE 80W90 or 85W140 and API grade GL5
(SHELL SPIRAX A 80W90 or SHELL SPIRAX A 85W140).
For intensive use:
- A synthetic base oil, type PAO (Poly-Alpha-Olefins) with a viscosity grade equivalent to
SAE 80W90 or 85W140 and API grade GL5 (SHELL SPIRAX ASX 75W90).
- Park the machine on an even fairly level ground.
- Remove filler plug (1).
- Place a container of sufficient capacity under drain
plug.
- Remove drain plug (2).
- Allow oil to drain completely.
- Wait for dripping to stop.
- Clean and reinstall drain plug (2) and its washer.
Replace if necessary.
- Pour the correct oil quantity and quality through the
opening of the filler plug.
- Reinstall filler plug (1).
- Check central gearbox oil level.
Maintenance and storage
57
Checking the oil levels
Place the machine on flat horizontal ground.
Check central gearbox oil level:
- Remove level plug (1).
Shredders
BK
- The oil level must reach lower part of level plug hole.
- Reinstall level plug (1).
58
Maintenance and storage
Grease
The pictorials show the points to be greased Part
no. 0011999.
- The wheel pins (1).
Shredders
BK
- The sliding tube of the BK230-280 hitch frame with
hydraulic offset (2).
Maintenance and storage
59
4. Maintenance
Check cutting tools and their fixing
elements
Cutting tools:
Universal knives (1)
Part no. J2555004 (2x)
Universal knives (1) and long stubble pallets (2)
(1) Part no. J2555004 (2x)
(2) Part no. J1551147
Shredders
BK
Hammer knives (3)
Part no. 6061699
Universal knives (1) and Straight knives (4)
(1) Part no. J2555004 (2x)
(4) Part no. J1551000
60
Maintenance and storage
Check cutting tools before each use in order to:
• ensure shredding quality.
• guarantee safety in use.
• avoid risk of damaging the fixing elements.
Replace cutting tools in the following cases:
- Damaged cutting tools:
• Very uneven ground can cause the knives to crack
or warp.
- Important wear.
Universal knives
- The length (L1) of the universal knives must exceed
150 mm (5.90’’).
- Ovalisation of the mounting hole L2 must not exceed
27 mm (1.06’’).
Shredders
BK
Hammer knives
- The cutting tool length L1 must exceed
150 mm (5.90’’).
- Ovalisation of the mounting hole L2 must not exceed
27 mm (1.06’’).
Fixing elements
Check the condition of the fixing elements regularly and
also the torque of the knife-fixing bolt.
• Torque: 25 daN m (185 lbf ft).
Check the fixing elements:
• After hitting an obstacle.
• When knives are replaced.
• At the start of each season.
The fixing bolts should be changed in the following
cases:
• When there is visible warping.
• When the thread is damaged or worn.
• When a groove (H) of over 2 mm (0.08’’) has
developed.
Maintenance and storage
61
Replacing knives and pallet knives
Immediately replace worn or damaged parts
with genuine KUHN parts.
Replace self-locking nuts after each removal
operation:
Torque: 25 daN m (185 lbf ft).
From the transport position:
Uncouple PTO shaft on machine side.
- Partial replacement:
• Replace damaged or worn knives.
• Replace the knives that are diametrically opposite to
maintain the existing balance.
• Check that there is still 1 to 2 mm (0.04’’ -
0.08’’) mm play between the pair of knives and the
supports.
Shredders
BK
- Total replacement:
• Weigh cutting tools.
• Pair up equally weighted cutting tools so that they
can be placed diametrically opposite.
Put the lighter pairs in the center of the rotor and
the heavier pairs to the edges.
• Fit the knives according to the direction of travel of
the machine.
• Check that there is still 1 to 2 mm (0.04’’ -
0.08’’) mm play between the pair of knives and the
supports.
- Checking the balance:
• Couple PTO shaft on machine side.
• Slightly lift the machine from the ground.
• Start the PTO drive and increase speed
progressively up to a steady speed of 540 min
1000 min
-1
.
• When mounted correctly, the rotor must rotate
without causing the machine to vibrate.
-1
or
62
Maintenance and storage
Belt tension
Check belt tension:
After the first 3 hours of use.
Checking the tension:
Through the belt guard slot:
- Apply a force of 35 daN (7.7 lb) on the belt: the belt
should not deflect more than H = 7 mm (0.3’’).
Shredders
BK
Maintenance and storage
63
Adjusting the tension:
- Remove 4 bolts (2).
- Remove belt guard (1).
Replace belts, if proper tension can no
longer be obtained.
BK230:Part no. J0019026.
Quantity: 4.
BK280:Part no. JX001916.
Quantity: 4.
BK320:Part no. J0019026.
Quantity: 5.
Shredders
BK
- Loosen screw (3).
- Loosen the 4 screws (4) that hold the central gearbox.
- Loosen counter nut (5).
- Turn the adjustment screws (6) and nuts (7) equally
until reaching the optimum tension.
By adjusting (3) and (4) equally, the central
transmission shaft is kept parallel to the rotor.
- Tighten screws (3) and (4).
- Tighten counter nut (5).
- Using a ruler, check that pulleys are in line (8)
- Repeat procedure until perfect pulley alignment is
obtained.
64
Maintenance and storage
- Reinstall the belt guard (1).
- Reinstall bolts (2).
Shredders
BK
Maintenance and storage
65
5. Storage
At the end of each season
Clean the machine thoroughly:
- The rotor.
- The inner panels.
- Rotor housings.
- Roller housings.
• Remove side guards and upper guard.
Touch up paint if necessary.
Put the machine under cover in a dry place.
Check the condition of the fixing elements regularly and
also the torque of the knife-fixing bolt. Replace if
necessary.
Slacken V-belts and check their condition.
Shredders
BK
At the start of each season
- Read through the operator's manual again.
- Check that the machine is greased.
- Check all the knives and fixings, and replace if
necessary.
- Check that all nuts and bolts are sufficiently tightened.
- Retension V-belts.
- Check belt guard condition and if it is firmly secured in
place.
- Make sure that all protection devices are in place and
good condition.
6. Machine recycling
In case of recycling, the machine will have to be recycled in
conformity with the legislation in force in the country
concerned.
Prior to proceeding with the recycling, remove all plastic or
rubber parts, electric or electronic equipment.
Collect possible residual oil and give it to an appropriate
processing center.
Parts only made up of plastic, aluminium, steel can be
recycled if they are collected by an appropriate center.
66
Maintenance and storage
$TROUBLE SHOOTING GUIDE
Problem Cause Remedy
Replace worn or damaged
parts.
Clean and grease pivot points.
Check weight of knives and
hammer knives.
Adjust belt tension.
Replace belts.
Adjust belt tension.
Check alignment.
Top up until proper oil level is
reached.
Adjust working height.
Raise machine off the ground
when inverting the direction of
travel or steering the wheels.
The machine must be in
working position before coming
into contact with the residues
to shred.
Put on gloves and remove
foreign bodies with adequate
tools.
Excessive vibrations.
Poor cutting quality due to a
drop in the rotor speed.
Belt overheating.
Angle gearbox overheating.
Fast knife or hammer knife
wear.
Drive shaft oil loss on the belt
side.
Distortion of roller or wheel
supports.
Distortion of the front pivoting
safety flaps.
Rotor jamming during work.
- Breakage or excessive wear
of knives or hammer knives.
- Knife or hammer knife
jamming on the pivot point.
- Incorrect rotor balance.
- insufficient belt tension.
- Excessive belt wear.
- insufficient belt tension.
- the angle gearbox axle is no
longer in line with the rotor
axle.
- Lack of oil.
- No oil.
- Working position too low,
interference with the ground.
- Seal wear or breakage. Replace seal.
- the roller or wheel supports
have been subject to lateral
forces.
- The machine has been
lowered onto the residues to
shred from the raised position
(transport position).
- Clogging due to foreign
bodies (example: wire, plastic
material).
Shredders
BK
Trouble shooting guide
67
$LIMITED WARRANTY
Shredders
BK
68
Limited warranty
Shredders
BK
Limited warranty
69
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