Kramer Electronics FC-10 User Manual

Kramer Electronics Ltd.

USER MANUAL

Format Interfaces

Models:

FC-10

FC-19

FC-4041C

FC-4042

FC-4043

FC-4044

FC-4208

UIMPORTANTU: Before proceeding, please read paragraph entitled

"Unpacking and Contents"

KRAMER ELECTRON ICS LTD. PN: 2900-004001 Rev 3

Table of Contents

INTRODUCTION 1

1.1 A Word on Format Interfaces 1

1.2 Factors Affecting Quality of Results 2

2 SPECIFICATIONS 3 3 HOW DO I GET STARTED? 5 4 UNPACKING AND CONTENTS 5

4.1 Optional Accessories 5

5 FORMAT INTERFACES 6

5.1 Getting to Kn ow Your FC-10 6

5.2 Getting to Know Your FC-19 7

5.3 Getting to Know Your FC-4041C 8

5.4 Getting to Know Your FC-4042 9

5.5 Getting to Know Your FC-4043 10

5.6 Getting to Know Your FC-4044 11

5.7 Getting to Know Your FC-4208 12

6 INSTALLATION 13

6.1 Rack Mounting 13

7 CONNECTING TO VIDEO DEVICES 13 8 CONNECTING TO AUDIO DEVICES (FC-4208 ONLY) 13 9 USING THE MACHINES 13

9.1 Powering on the Machine 13

9.2 Composite/YC Video Selection (FC-19, FC-4043, FC-4044 only) 13

9.3 Adjusting the HUE (FC-4043, FC-4044 only) 13

9.4 Lo oping (FC-4041C only) 13

9.5 Audio Level Control (FC-4208 only) 14

10 TYPICAL APPLICATIONS 14

10.1 Interfacing Between Two Video Formats 14

10.2 Using PC Graphics in YC Production 15

10.3 Typical Composite/YC to Component/RGB Conversion 15

10.4 Integrating a Composite/RGB source Into a Composite/YC Switcher 16

10.5 Audio Format Conversion 17

11 TAKING CARE OF YOUR MACHINE 18 12 TROUBLESHOOTING 19

12.1 Power and Indicators 19

12.2 Video Signal 20 Video Signal (continued) 21

12.3 Audio Signal (FC-4208 only) 21

KRAMER ELECTR O N ICS L TD. PN: 2900-004001

List Of Illustrations

1 FC-10 Front/Rear Panel Features 7 2 FC-19 Front/Rear Panel Features 8 3 FC-4041C Front/Rear Panel Features 9 4 FC-4042 Front/Rear Panel Features 10 5 FC-4043 Front/Rear Panel Features 11 6 FC-4044 Front/Rear Panel Features 12 7 FC-4208 Front/Rear Panel Features 13 8 Interfacing Between Two Video Formats 14 9 Using PC Gra phics in YC Production 16 10 Typical PC/Presentation Prod uct Connections 17 11 Integrating a Component/RGB source Into a Composite/YC Switcher 18 12 Audio Format Conversion 19 13 FC-10 Fuse Location 20

List Of Tables

1 Factors Affecting Quality of Results 3 2 FC-10 Front/Rear Panel Features 7 3 FC-19 Front/Rear Panel Features 8 4 FC-4041C Front/Rear Panel Features 9 5 FC-4042 - Front/Rear Panel Features 10 6 FC-4043 - Front/Rear Panel Features 11 7 FC-4044- Front/Rear Panel Features 12 8 FC-4208 - Front/Rear Panel Features 13

KRAMER ELECTR O N ICS L TD. PN: 2900-004001

FC-10 - Composite-YC Transco d er

FC-4042 - RGB Component Transcoder

FC-19 - RGB Decoder

FC-4043 - CV/YC Component Transcoder

FC-4041C - Genlock Component Encoder

FC-4044 - Multistandard Decoder

FC-4208 - Balanced Audio Transcoder

1 INTRODUCTION

Congratulations on your purchase of this Kramer Electronics format interface. Since 1981, Kramer has been dedicated to the development and manufacture of high quality video/audio equipment. The Kramer line has become an integral part of many of the best production and presentation facilities around the world. In recent years, Kramer has redesigned and upgraded most of the line, making the best even better. Kramer’s line of professional video/audio electronics is one of the most versatile and complete available, and is a true leader in terms of quality, workmanship, price/performance ratio and innovation. In addition to the Kramer line of high qualit y fo rmat in terfa ce s, suc h a s the one yo u have j ust purc hased , Kr a mer al so offe rs a ful l line of high quality distribution amplifiers, switchers, processors, controllers and computerrelated products. This manual includes configuration, operation and option information for the following products from the Kramer line of format interfaces. All these interfaces are similar in operation and features.

1.1 A Word on Format Interfaces

There are several video signal formats: Composite, Y/C, YUV (Y, R-Y, B-Y), RGB (S) analog and digital. Component analog video formats (YUV and RGB) are unmodulated signals, where the signal level represents t he signal intensity, (e.g., 1 Volt of “Y” signal represents a maximum white level) . Converting from YUV to RGB and vice versa d oes not involve modula tion, and needs mainly an accurate matrix system. Composite video and Y/C (Super Video) contains chrominance (color) information, which is a modulated signal using the color subcarrier (3.58MHz in NTSC, 4.43MHz in PAL) as the carrier signal. Converting between Composite video and Y/C (and vice versa) involves adding or separating the color information from the luminance information. To convert from Composite and Y/C to Component video, a color encoder or color decoder is needed, with very complicated circuitry. The color encoder receives the component signal, and must create a chrominance signal by extracting the blue and red information from the component video signal and by modulating this information using the color subcarrier signal. The color decoder performs the opposite: it removes the color subcarrier and extracts the color difference signals to create the video “components”. The following format interfaces are described in this manual:

 Video Decoders - used to decode (convert) a composite video signal to Y/C and to

decode a composite or Y/C signal to RGBS and/or Y, R-Y, B-Y.

 Video Encoders - used to create a c hrominance signal fro m video compone nts, e.g., to

convert RGBS and/or Y , R-Y, and B-Y signals to composite video and Y/C.

 Video Transcoders - are bi-directional converters operating simultaneously in different

directions, such as converting from RGBS to Y, R-Y, and B-Y in bo th directions i n the same machine, going from composite to Y/C, bi-directionally or performing color decoding and encoding in the same machine at the same time.

 Audio Transcoders - used in audio and video production studios for converting from

unbalanced low-level audio to balanced high-level audio, bi-directionally.

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FACTOR

EFFECT

Connection cables

Low quality cables are susceptible to interference; they degrade signal

Sockets and connectors of

So often igno red, they should be of highest q uality, sinc e "Zero Ohm"

Amplifying circuitry

Must have q uality performance when the desired end res ult is high linearity, low distortion and low noise operation

Distance between sources

Plays a major role in the final result. For long distances between sources

Interference from

These can have an adverse effect on signal quality. Balanced audio lines

the cables are shielded

1.2 Factors A ffecting Quality o f Results

There are many factors affecting the quality of results when signals are transmitted from a source to an acceptor as described in

Table 1: Factors Affecting Quality of Results

Table 1:

quality due to poor matching and cause elevated noise levels. They should therefore be of the best quality.

the sources and acceptors

and acceptors

neighboring electrical appliances

connection resistance is the objective. Sockets and connectors also must match the required impedance (75Ω in video). Cheap, low quality connectors tend to rust , thus causing breaks in the signal path

and acceptors, special measures should be taken in order to avoid cable losses. These include using higher quality cables or adding line amplifiers.

are less prone to interference, but unbalanced audio should be installed far from any mains power cables, electric motors, transmitters, etc. even when

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Configuration

Transcoder

RGB Decoder

Encoder

Inputs

1 Composite Video,

R (or R-Y), G (or Y), B (or B-

Outputs

1 s-Video on a 4P connector,

1Vpp/75Ω on a BNC.

RED, GREEN, BLUE,

connector

1 Composite Video,

C: 0.3Vpp/75Ω.

Controls

Rear input selector switch

and s-Video

Sync/Sync on Green, input

B-Y.

Video Bandwidth

10MHz -1dB

Luma: 10MHz -3dB

Exceeding 12MHz (Y)

Nonlinearity

< 3%

Less than 0.5dB

Residual SC.

-38dB

-34dB DC Clamp

0 VDC Black Level.

Differential Gain

0.36%

0.24%

Differential Phase

0.3Deg.

0.26Deg. K-Factor

<0.05% (Y/C to CV).

Luma S/N Ratio

79dB

64dB

RGB Balance Error

Less than 0.5dB

(W, D, H)

6.5" x 4.7" x 1.8"

19" x 7" x 1U.

19" x 7" x 1U

Weight

0.6kg. (1.3lbs.) Approx.

2.5kg (5.5 lbs.) Approx.

2.6kg. (5.8lbs.) Approx.

Power Source

12VDC, 110mA

230VAC, 50/60 Hz,

2 SPECIFICATIONS

FC-10 FC-19 FC-4041C

Dimensions

1Vpp/75Ω on a BNC, 1 s-Video on a 4P connector, Y: 1Vpp/75Ω, C: 0.3Vpp/75Ω.

Y: 1Vpp/75Ω, C: 0.3Vpp/75Ω. 1 Composite Video,

16.5 x 12 x 4.5 (cm)

1Vpp/75Ω on a BNC, 1 s-Video on a 4P connector, Y: 1Vpp/75Ω, C: 0.3Vpp/75Ω.

SYNC, 0.7Vpp/75Ωs, on BNCs, RGB (Analog), HS, VS TTL level on HD15

between Composite Vi deo

48 x 17.8 x 1U (cm)

Y) – 0.7Vpp/75Ω, Sync looping – 0.3Vpp/75Ω on BNCs

1Vpp/75Ω on a BNC, 1 s-Video on a 4P connector, Y: 1Vpp/75Ω,

selector - RGBS or Y, R-Y,

48 x 17.8 x 1U (cm)

(115VAC, U.S.A.) 12VA

(115VAC, U.S.A.) 6 VA

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Configuration

Transcoder

Decoder

Audio Transcoder

Inputs

1 component (Y, R-Y,

Decoder: 1 Composite video,

1 Composite video,

4 balanced, +4dBm

on female XLRs

Outputs

1 RGB 0.7Vpp / 75Ω,

BNCs

Decoder: 1V, 0.7V , 0.7 V pp

Component: 1V, 0.7V,

, BNCs

Diff. Gain

0.21%

Diff. Phase

0.19Deg.

K-Factor

0.4%

1.2 %

Error

Residual SC

Composite to Y=30 mV, Y/C

Composite to Y=30mV Bandwidth

Audio THD

Less than 0.02%

Audio S/N

Better than 89dB (W, D, H)

x 7" x 1U

x 1U

48 x 17.8 x 1U (cm) 19" x 7" x 1U

Weight

2.6kg. (5.8lbs.) Approx.

2.4kg. (5.3lbs.) Approx.

Power Source

230VAC, 50/60Hz

7.6VA

230VAC, 50/60Hz,

230VAC, 50/60Hz

SPECIFICATIONS (Continued)

FC-4042 FC-4043 FC-4044 FC-4208

B-Y), 1V, 0.7V, 0.7 Vpp /75Ω, 1 RGBS 0.7Vpp / 75Ω, for 100% saturation on BNCs

Sync 2Vpp/75Ωs, TTL level unloaded, for 100% saturation on BNCs, 1 component (Y, R-Y, B-Y), 1V,

0.7V, 0.7 Vpp /75Ω,

Non Linearity Less than 0.2% Less than 0.2% DC Clamp

Y S/N Ratio Better than 71dB Audio

Ratio Dimensions

±20 mV ±20 mV

NA NA NA 20-30000Hz

48 x 17.8 x 1U (cm) 19"

1Vpp/75Ωs on a BNC, 1 s-Video: 1Vpp/75Ω (Y),

0.3Vpp/75Ω (C) on a 4P connector Encoder: 1 (Y, R-Y, B-Y) 1V,

0.7V, 0.7 Vpp /75Ω on BNCs

/75Ω (Y, R-Y, B-Y), BNCs Encoder: 1Vpp/75Ω (Composite, BNC) Y/C: 1Vpp/75Ω (Y),

0.3Vpp/75Ω (C), 4P connector

to Y = 15 mV

48 x 17.8 x 1U (cm) 19" x 7"

1Vpp/75Ωs on a BNC, 1 s-Video: 1Vpp/75Ω (Y),

0.3Vpp/75Ω (C) on a 4P connector

0.7Vpp /75Ω RGB: 0.7Vpp/75Ω, for 100% saturation, Composite sync: 2Vpp/75Ω, BNCs

Y/C to Y = 15mV

48 x 17.8 x 1U (cm) 19" x 7"

/50kΩ 4 unbalanced, 1Vpp / 50kΩ on RCAs.

4 unbalanced, 1Vpp/50Ω, RCAs 4 balanced, +4dBm/50Ω, 18Vpp max., male XLRs

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(115VAC, U.S.A.)

(115VAC, U.S.A.) 19.5VA

(115VAC, U.S.A.) 6.9VA

(115VAC, U.S.A.) 3.7VA

Format Interface

User Manual

AC Power Cable (where applicable)

4 Rubber Feet

DC Power Supply (where applicable)

3 HOW DO I GET STARTED?

The fastest way to get star ted is to take your ti me and do everythi ng right t he first t ime. T aking 15 minutes to read the man ual ma y save you a fe w hours l ater. You don ’t even ha ve to read the whole manual. If a section doesn’t apply to you, you don’t have to spend your time reading it.

4 UNPACKING AND CONTENTS

The items contained in your Kramer Format interface package are listed below. Please save the original box and packaging materials for possible future transportation and shipment.

4.1 Optional Accessories

The following accessories, which are available from Kramer, can enhance implementation of your machine. For information regarding cables and additional accessories, contact your Kramer dealer.

 Rack Mechanical Ada pter - Used to adapt smaller machines to a standard 1U rack. One or

more machines may be installed on each adapter.

 103AV - (Video Audio Distribution Amplifier) can be serially connected between the Format

interface and the acceptor for video distribution. The 103AV splits a single video and audiostereo input source into three identical outputs. The 103AV uses an external 12VDC power source, and therefore is suitable for field work as well. The 103AV uses state of the art technology and mic rochi p desi gn, boa sting a s ignal b andwi dth of o ver 32 0MHz , thus makin g it suitable for the most demanding applications.

 SP-11 - (Video/Audio Processor) can be serially connected between the video/audio source and

the format interface for video and audio control/correction. The machine provides camera control and luminance/white balance correction. It is also capable of performing composite to Y/C conversion and bi-directional transcoding. The machine allows full control over the video signal: video gain down to full fade, log or linear definition control, log or linear contrast control, color saturation control, black level control, red, green and blue controls and a screen splitter control for “before-after” comparison. The Input switch control is "audio-follow-video".

 VS-2042 - (4x2 Video Component Matrix) can be serially connected between the sources and

the format interface for component video switching. The VS-2042 switches during the vertical interval for live studio operation. The VS-2042 has a built-in RS-232 interface for computer controlled operation, (software included) and several machines may be operated simultaneously via PC control. Its signal bandwidth exceeds 75MHz and it has DC coupled inputs and outputs for highest s ignal quality. Y, R-Y, B-Y or R, Gs, B si gnals are seamlessly routed.

 VIDEO TESTER - A new, unique, patented, indispensable tool for the video professional, the

Video Tester is used to test a video path leading to/from an amplifier. By pressing only one touch switch it ca n trace missing signals, distinguish between good and jittery (VCR sourced) signals, and identi fy t he pre sence of goo d sig nals. W hene ver a video s ignal i s miss ing, b ecause of bad connections, cable breaks or faulty sources, the Video Tester is all you need.

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