Kramer Electronics 4x1S User Manual
Kramer Electronics Ltd.
USER MANUAL
MECHANICAL SWITCHING TOOLS
Models:
4x1S, 4x1V, 4x1VB, VP-201
IMPORTANT: Before proceeding, please read paragraph entitled
Kramer Electronics LTD.
"Unpacking and Contents"
Table Of Contents
Section Name Page
1 Introduction 1
1.1 A word on video switchers 1
1.2 Factor affecting quality of results 1
2 Specifications 2
3 How do I get started? 3
4 Unpacking and contents 3
4.1 Optional accessories 3
5 Mechanical switchers 4
5.1 Getting to know your 4x1S switcher 4
5.2 Getting to know your 4x1V switcher 5
5.3 Getting to know your 4x1VB switcher 6
5.4 Getting to know your VP-201 switcher 7
6 Installation 8
6.1 Rack mounting 8
7 Connecting to video devices 8
8 Using the switchers 8
8.1 Controlling the switcher (4x1S, 4x1V, 4x1VB only) 8
8.2 VGA/XGA switching (VP-201 only) 8
8.3 Typical video switching 9
9 Taking care of your machine 10
10 Troubleshooting 10
10.1 Video signal 10
11 Limited warranty 11
List Of Illustrations
Figure Page
1 4x1S side panel features 4
2 4x1V side panel features 5
3 4x1VB side panel features 6
4 VP-201 side panel features 7
5 VGA/XGA switching 9
6 Typical video switching 9
List Of Tables
Table Page
1 4x1S side panel features 4
2 4x1V side panel features 5
3 4x1VB side panel features 6
4 VP-201 side panel features 7
1
INTRODUCTION
Congratulations on your purchase of this Kramer Electronics Switcher. Since 1981 Kramer has been
dedicated to the development and manufacture of high quality video/audio equipment. The Kramer line
has become an integral part of many of the best production and presentation facilities around the world. In
recent years, Kramer has redesigned and upgraded most of the line, making the best even better. Kramer’s
line of professional video/audio electronics is one of the most versatile and complete available, and is a
true leader in terms of quality, workmanship, price/performance ratio and innovation. In addition to the
Kramer line of high quality switchers, such as the one you have just purchased, Kramer also offers a full
line of high quality distribution amplifiers, processors, interfaces, controllers and computer-related
products.
This manual includes configuration, operation and option information for the following products from the
Kramer line of switching tools. These tools are similar in operation and features.
4x1S - 4:1 s-Video Switcher
4x1V - 4:1 Video Switcher
4x1VB - 4:1 Video Switcher
VP-201 - 2:1 VGA Switcher
1.1
A Word on Video Switchers
Switchers route one or more signals to one or more users. They vary in the number of inputs, programming
capability, number of outputs, operating format (composite video, component, etc.) and switching method
(i.e., whether they switch during the vertical interval or not, whether they are electronic, RS-232 or
mechanically controlled). A video switcher usually switches between several sources (inputs) and one or
more acceptors (outputs). A switcher that allows several inputs to be connected to several outputs
simultaneously is called a Matrix Switcher. Switchers may be of the electronic or mechanical type, such as
the ones described in this manual. Most matrices are of the active electronic type, with many crosspoints.
Vertical Interval Switching, frequently used in video, ensures that the transition from one video source to
another is smooth and without interference. The mechanical switchers described in this manual have full
industrial specifications and are rack-mountable. Most of them offer a simple and economic solution for
every video or VGA/XGA application. Due to very careful design, the video bandwidth is excellent .
1.2
Factors Affecting Quality of Results
There are many factors affecting the quality of results when signals are transmitted from a source to an
acceptor:
Connection cables
- Low quality cables are susceptible to interference; they degrade signal quality
due to poor matching and cause elevated noise levels. They should therefore be of the best quality.
Sockets and connectors of the sources and acceptors
- So often ignored, they should be of
highest quality, since "Zero Ohm" connection resistance is the objective. Sockets and connectors
also must match the required impedance (75ohm in video). Cheap, low quality connectors tend to
rust, thus causing breaks in the signal path.
Amplifying circuitry
- Must have quality performance when the desired end result is high linearity,
low distortion and low noise operation.
Distance between sources and acceptors
- Plays a major role in the result. For long distances
(over 15 meters) between sources and acceptors, special measures should be taken in order to avoid
cable losses. These include using higher quality cables or adding line amplifiers.
Interference from neighboring electrical appliances
- These can have an adverse effect on signal
quality. Balanced audio lines are less prone to interference, but unbalanced audio should be
installed far from any mains power cables, electric motors, transmitters, etc. even when the cables
are shielded.
Kramer Electronics Ltd.
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SPECIFICATIONS
4x1S 4x1V 4xVB VP-201
Configuration
Input Type
Input
Connections
Input Level
Output Type
Output
Connector
Output Level
Switching
system
4x1 4x1 4x1 2x1
4 s-Video 4 video 4 video 2 VGA/XGA (RGB
analog 0.7Vpp/75
Ohm, H, V sync TTL
levels.
4P connectors RCA connectors BNC connectors HD15F connector
1Vpp/75ohm (Y),
1Vpp/75ohm 1Vpp/75ohm 1 VGA/XGA
0.3Vpp/75ohm (C)
1 s-Video 1 composite or single
component video
1 composite or single
component video
VGA/XGA (RGB
analog 0.7Vpp/75
Ohm, H, V sync TTL
levels.
4P connector RCA connector BNC connector HD15F connectors
1Vpp/75ohm (Y)
0.3Vpp/75ohm (C)
1Vpp/75ohm 1Vpp/75ohm RGB - 0.7Vpp /
75ohm, H & V syncs,
TTL level
Mechanical, Breakbefore-make
Mechanical, breakbefore-make
Mechanical, Breakbefore-make
Mechanical, Breakbefore-make
Bandwidth
Accessories
Dimensions
(W, D, H)
Weight
>400 MHz (Y) >400MHz >400MHz >320 MHz
Mounting bracket Mounting bracket Mounting bracket Mounting bracket
12 x 7.5 x 2.5 (cm)
(4.7" x 2.9" x 1")
0.25 kg. (0.55lbs.)
Approx.
12 x 7.5 x 2.5 (cm)
(4.7" x 2.9" x 1")
0.28kg. (0.62lbs.)
Approx.
12 x 7.5 x 2.5 (cm)
(4.7" x 2.9" x 1")
0.3 kg. (0.67 lbs.)
Approx.
12 x 7.5 x 2.5 (cm)
(4.7" x 2.9" x 1")
0.26kg. (0.58lbs.)
Approx.
Kramer Electronics Ltd.
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HOW DO I GET STARTED?
The fastest way to get started is to take your time and do everything right the first time. Taking 15 minutes
to read the manual may save you a few hours later. You don’t even have to read the whole manual. If a
section doesn’t apply to you, you don’t have to spend your time reading it.
4
UNPACKING AND CONTENTS
The items contained in your Kramer accessory package are listed below. Please save the original box and
packaging materials for possible future transportation and shipment of the accessory.
Switcher
User Manual
Kramer Concise Product Catalog
Mounting Bracket
4 Rubber Feet
4.1 Optional Accessories
The following accessories, which are available from Kramer, can enhance implementation of your
switcher
Rack Adapter -
machines may be installed on each adapter.
BNC "Y" Connector -
of an additional machine.
Termination Plug -
A video or s-Video distribution amplifier
20ARII (video), VM-3S, VM-50YC, VM-5YC, VM-10YC (s-Video) for distributing the output signals
to several acceptors simultaneously.
. For information regarding cables and additional accessories, contact your Kramer dealer.
Used to install smaller size machines in a standard 1 or 3 U rack. One or more
Used for looping purposes and splits the incoming signal to enable connection
Used to terminate the line to 75ohm for proper matching.
– such as the Kramer VM-3V, VM-50V, VM-10ARII, VM-
A VGA/XGA distribution amplifier
the selected VGA/XGA signal to several acceptors.
A line amplifier
(VGA/XGA) for transmitting the selected signals over long distances, minimizing cable losses.
VIDEO TESTER
Tester is used to test a video path leading to/from an amplifier. By pressing only one touch switch it can
trace missing signals, distinguish between good and jittery (VCR sourced) signals, and identify the
presence of good signals. Whenever a video signal is missing- because of bad connections, cable breaks
or faulty sources- the Video Tester is all you need.
– such as Kramer VM-9S, 104L (video), VM-9YC, 103YC (s-Video), VP-2xl, VP-22
- A new, unique, patented, indispensable tool for the video professional, the Video
– such as the Kramer VP-300, VP-400, VP-12xl – for distributing
Kramer Electronics Ltd.
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