Korting OKB 993 CMX User Manual [ru]

Ɉɛɳɢɟ ɭɤɚɡɚɧɢɹ

RUS

ɍɬɢɥɢɡɚɰɢɹ ɭɩɚɤɨɜɨɱɧɵɯ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɨɜ

ɇɟ ɜɵɛɪɚɫɵɜɚɣɬɟ ɭɩɚɤɨɜɤɭ ɨɬ ɩɪɢɛɨɪɚ ɜ ɦɭɫɨɪɧɨɟ ɜɟɞɪɨ, ɪɚɫɫɨɪɬɢɪɭɣɬɟ ɟɟ (ɧɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ, ɮɨɥɶɝɚ,ɤɚɪɬɨɧ, ɩɟɧɨɩɥɚɫɬ) ɢ ɩɨɦɟɫɬɢɬɟ ɜ ɤɨɧɬɟɣɧɟɪɵ ɩɨ ɫɛɨɪɭ ɭɬɢɥɹ ɜ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɢ ɫ ɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɦɢ ɩɪɚɜɢɥɚɦɢ ɭɬɢɥɢɡɚɰɢɢ..

Ⱦɚɧɧɵɣ ɩɪɢɛɨɪ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɟɬ ɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɢɦ ɩɪɟɞɩɢɫɚɧɢɹɦ ȿɋ:

- 2006/95 EEC “ɉɪɟɞɩɢɫɚɧɢɹ ɩɨ ɧɢɡɤɨɦɭ ɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɸ”

- 2004/108 EEC “ɉɪɟɞɩɢɫɚɧɢɹ ɩɨ

ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɦɚɝ

- 89/109 EEC “ɉɪɟɞɩɢɫɚɧɢɹ ɩɨ ɢ ɢɡɞɟɥɢɹɦ, ɤɨɧɬɚɤɬɢɪɭɸɳɢɦ ɫ ɩɢɳɟɜɵɦɢ ɩɪɨɞɭɤɬɚɦɢ “ ȼɧɢɦɚɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɨɡɧɚɤɨɦɶɬɟɫɶ ɫ ɢɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢ-

ɟɣ, ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɧɨɣ ɜ ɞɚɧɧɨɦ ɛɭɤɥɟɬɟ. ȼ ɧɟɣ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɢɬɫɹ ɜɚɠɧɚɹ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɹ, ɤɚɫɚɸɳɚɹɫɹ ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɣ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɢ, ɷɤɫɩɥɭɚɬɚɰɢɢ ɢ ɬɟɤɭɳɟɝɨ ɨɛɫɥɭɠɢɜɚɧɢɹ ɩɪɢɛɨɪɚ, ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɩɨɥɟɡɧɵɟ ɪɟɤɨɦɟɧɞɚɰɢɢ ɩɨ ɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɸ

ɧɢɬɧɨɣ ɫɨɜɦɟɫɬɢɦɨɫɬɢ”

ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɚɦ

ɞɭɯɨɜɵɦ ɲɤɚɮɨɦ. ɋɨɯɪɚɧɢɬɟ ɞɚɧɧɭɸ ɢɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɸ ɧɚ ɛɭɞɭɳɟɟ.

ɉɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɢɬɟɥɶ ɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɬ ɡɚ ɫɨɛɨɣ ɩɪɚɜɨ ɜɧɨɫɢɬɶ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɵɟ ɛɚ ɞɥɹ ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɢ ɢ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɤɚɱɟɫɬɜ ɩɪɢɛɨɪɚ.

ɉɨɫɥɟ ɪɚɫɩɚɤɨɜɤɢ ɩɪɨɜɟɪɶɬɟ ɩɪɢɛɨɪ ɧɚ ɧɚɥɢɱɢɟ ɩɨɜɪɟɠɞɟɧɢɣ. ɇɟ ɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɣɬɟ ɭɩɚɤɨɜɨɱɧɵɟ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɵ (ɩɨɥɢɦɟɪɧɭɸ ɩɥɟɧɤɭ, ɩɟɧɨɩɥɚɫɬ) ɜ ɞɨɫɬɭɩɧɨɦ ɞɥɹ ɞɟɬɟɣ ɦɟɫɬɟ, ɩɨɫɤɨɥɶɤɭ ɞɚɧɧɵɟ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɵ ɦɨɝɭɬ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɹɬɶ ɞɥɹ ɧɢɯ ɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɶ. ȼȺɀɇɈ: ɞɭɯɨɜɨɣ ɲɤɚɮ ɧɟɥɶɡɹ ɩɟɪɟɧɨɫɢɬɶ ɡɚ ɪɭɱɤɭ ɞɜɟɪɰɵ (ɧɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ, ɤɨɜɤɢ).

ȼȺɀɇɈ

Ⱦɚɧɧɵɣ ɩɪɢɛɨɪ ɩɪɟɞɧɚɡɧɚɱɟɧ ɢɫɤɥɸɱɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɞɥɹ ɩɪɢɝɨɬɨɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɩɢɳɢ.

ɂɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɩɪɢɛɨɪɚ ɩɨ ɞɪɭɝɨɦɭ ɧɚɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɸ (ɧɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ, ɞɥɹ ɨɛɨɝɪɟɜɚ ɩɨɦɟɳɟ-

ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɹ ɛɟɡ ɭɳɟɪ-

ɩɪɢ ɢɡɜɥɟɱɟɧɢɢ ɢɡ ɭɩɚ-

ɧɢɹ) ɧɟɞɨɩɭɫɬɢɦɨ ɢ ɨɩɚɫɧɨ.

ɉɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɢɬɟɥɶ ɧɟ ɧɟɫɟɬ ɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɡɚ ɥɸɛɨɣ ɭɳɟɪɛ, ɩɪɢɱɢɧɟɧɧɵɣ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟɦ ɩɪɢɛɨɪɚ ɧɟ ɩɨ ɧɚɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɸ.

ɉɪɢ ɪɚɛɨɬɟ ɫ ɞɭɯɨɜɵɦ ɲɤɚɮɨɦ ɫɥɟɞɭɟɬ ɫɨɛɥɸɞɚɬɶ ɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɢɟ ɩɪɚɜɢɥɚ ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɝɨ ɨɛɪɚɳɟɧɢɹ ɫ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɩɪɢɛɨɪɚɦɢ:

Ɉɬɤɥɸɱɚɣɬɟ ɩɪɢɛɨɪ ɨɬ ɢɫɬɨɱɧɢɤɚ ɩɢɬɚɧɢɹ

ɩɟɪɟɞ ɬɪɚɧɫɩɨɪɬɢɪɨɜɤɨɣ, ɱɢɫɬɤɨɣ ɢɥɢ ɥɸ-

ɛɨɣ ɨɩɟɪɚɰɢɟɣ ɩɨ ɭɯɨɞɭ.

ɇɟ ɜɵɧɢɦɚɣɬɟ ɲɬɟɩɫɟɥɶ ɢɡ ɪɨɡɟɬɤɢ, ɞɟ-

ɪɠɚɫɶ ɡɚ ɲɧɭɪ

ɇɟ ɩɪɢɤɚɫɚɣɬɟɫɶ ɤ ɩɪɢɛɨɪɭ, ɟɫɥɢ ɜɚɲɢ

ɪɭɤɢ ɢɥɢ ɧɨɝɢ ɦɨɤɪɵɟ ɢɥɢ ɜɥɚɠɧɵɟ

ɇɟ ɩɨɥɶɡɭɣɬɟɫɶ ɩɪɢɛɨɪɨɦ, ɟɫɥɢ ɜɵ ɛɟɡ

ɨɛɭɜɢ

ȼ ɫɥɭɱɚɟ ɧɟɛɪɟɠɧɨɝɨ ɨɛɪɚɳɟɧɢɹ ɫ ɞɟ-

ɪɠɚɬɟɥɹɦɢ ɞɜɟɪɰɵ ɜɵ ɦɨɠɟɬɟ ɩɨɜɪɟɞɢɬɶ

ɪɭɤɢ

ȼ ɫɥɭɱɚɟ ɩɨɥɨɦɤɢ ɢɥɢ ɧɟɢɫɩɪɚɜɧɨɫɬɢ ɩɪɢ-

ɛɨɪɚ ɨɬɤɥɸɱɢɬɟ ɟɝɨ ɢ ɧɟ ɩɪɢɤɚɫɚɣɬɟɫɶ ɤ

ɧɟɦɭ.

Ɋɟɦɨɧɬ ɩɪɢɛɨɪɚ ɞɨɥɠɟɧ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɢɬɶɫɹ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɤɜɚɥɢɮɢɰɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɦ ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɢɫɬɨɦ ɫɟɪɜɢɫɧɨɣ ɫɥɭɠɛɵ. Ɍɪɟɛɭɣɬɟ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɨɪɢɝɢɧɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɡɚɩɚɫɧɵɯ ɱɚɫɬɟɣ.

ɉɪɟɧɟɛɪɟɠɟɧɢɟ ɪɟɤɨɦɟɧɞɚɰɢɹɦɢ, ɞɚɧɧɵɦɢ ɜɵɲɟ, ɦɨɠɟɬ ɧɟɝɚɬɢɜɧɨ ɩɨɜɥɢɹɬɶ ɧɚ ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɭɸ ɪɚɛɨɬɭ ɩɪɢɛɨɪɚ.

ɍɛɟɞɢɬɟɫɶ, ɱɬɨ, ɤɨɝɞɚ ɩɪɢɛɨɪ ɧɟ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɟɬɫɹ, ɜɫɟ ɟɝɨ

ɩɟɪɟɤɥɸɱɚɬɟɥɢ ɧɚɯɨɞɹɬɫɹ ɜ

ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɢ «0».

ɇɚ ɨɬɤɪɵɬɭɸ ɞɜɟɪɰɭ ɞɭɯɨɜɨɝɨ ɲɤɚɮɚ ɧɟ ɫɥɟɞɭɟɬ ɫɚɞɢɬɶɫɹ ɢɥɢ ɫɬɚɜɢɬɶ ɬɹɠɟɥɵɟ ɜɟɳɢ.

ȼɨ ɜɪɟɦɹ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ ɩɪɢɛɨɪ ɧɚɝɪɟɜɚɟɬɫɹ. ɇɟ ɩɪɢɤɚɫɚɣɬɟɫɶ ɤ ɝɨɪɹɱɢɦ ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɹɦ ɜɧɭɬɪɢ ɞɭɯɨɜɨɝɨ ɲɤɚɮɚ.

Ɂɚɩɪɟɳɚɟɬɫɹ ɞɨɩɭɫɤɚɬɶ ɤ ɪɚɛɨɬɟ ɫ ɞɭɯɨɜɵɦ ɲɤɚɮɨɦ ɥɸɞɟɣ ɫ ɨɝɪɚɧɢɱɟɧɧɵɦɢ ɮɢɡɢɱɟɫɤɢɦɢ, ɫɟɧɫɨɪɧɵɦɢ ɢɥɢ ɭɦɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɦɢ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɹɦɢ, ɧɟ ɢɦɟɸɳɢɯ ɞɨɫɬɚɬɨɱɧɨɝɨ ɨɩɵɬɚ ɜ ɪɚɛɨɬɟ ɫ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɩɪɢɛɨɪɚɦɢ, ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɞɟɬɟɣ ɜ ɫɥɭɱɚɟ, ɟɫɥɢ ɢɯ ɪɚɛɨɬɚ ɫ ɩɪɢɛɨɪɨɦ ɧɟ ɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɢɪɭɟɬɫɹ ɥɢɰɚɦɢ, ɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɦɢ

ɡɚ ɢɯ ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɶ.

Ɂɚɩɪɟɳɚɟɬɫɹɞɨɩɭɫɤɚɬɶɦɚɥɨɥɟɬɧɢɯɞɟɬɟɣ ɤ ɪɚɛɨɬɟ ɫ ɞɭɯɨɜɵɦ ɲɤɚɮɨɦ ɛɟɡ ɩɪɢɫɦɨɬɪɚ ɪɨɞɢɬɟɥɟɣ. ɉɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɢɬɟɥɶ ɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɬ ɡɚ ɫɨɛɨɣ ɩɪɚɜɨ ɜɧɨɫɢɬɶ ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɹ, ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɫɨɱɬɟɬ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɵɦɢɢ ɩɨɥɟɡɧɵɦɢ, ɛɟɡ ɭɳɟɪɛɚ ɞɥɹ

ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɢ ɢ ɪɚɛɨɱɢɯ ɫɜɨɣɫɬɜ ɩɪɢɛɨɪɚ. ɉɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɢɬɟɥɶ ɧɟ ɧɟɫɟɬ ɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɫɬɶ ɡɚ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɵɣ ɭɳɟɪɛ, ɩɪɢɱɢɧɟɧɧɵɣ ɧɟɩɪɚɜɢɥɶɧɨɣ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɨɣ ɢɥɢ ɷɤɫɩɥɭɚɬɚɰɢɟɣ ɩɪɢɛɨɪɚ.

ɋɟɪɜɢɫɧɚɹ ɫɥɭɠɛɚ ɢ ɡɚɩɚɫɧɵɟ ɱɚɫɬɢ

ȼ ɫɥɭɱɚɟ ɧɟɢɫɩɪɚɜɧɨɫɬɢ ɧɟ ɩɵɬɚɣɬɟɫɶ ɫɚɦɨɫɬɨɹɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɢɬɶ ɪɟɦɨɧɬ ɩɪɢɛɨɪɚ. Ɋɟɦɨɧɬ, ɜɵɩɨɥɧɹɟɦɵɣ ɥɢɰɚɦɢ,

ɧɟ ɢɦɟɸɳɢɦɢ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨɣ ɤɜɚɥɢɮɢɤɚɰɢɢ, ɦɨɠɟɬ ɧɚɧɟɫɬɢ ɫɟɪɶɟɡɧɵɣ ɭɳɟɪɛ ɢ ɩɪɢɜɟɫɬɢ ɤ ɧɟɫɱɚɫɬɧɵɦ

ɫɥɭɱɚɹɦ. ɉɪɟɠɞɟ ɜɫɟɝɨ, ɩɨɥɶɡɭɣɬɟɫɶ ɞɚɧɧɨɣ ɢɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɟɣ. ȿɫɥɢ ɜɵ ɧɟ ɦɨɠɟɬɟ ɧɚɣɬɢ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɭɸ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɸ, ɫɜɹɠɢɬɟɫɶ ɫ ɛɥɢɠɚɣɲɢɦ ɫɟɪɜɢɫ-ɰɟɧɬɪɨɦ. Ʌɸɛɵɟ ɪɟɦɨɧɬɧɵɟ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ ɩɪɢɛɨɪɚ ɞɨɥɠɧɵ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɢɬɶɫɹ ɚɜɬɨɪɢɡɨɜɚɧɧɵɦ ɫɟɪɜɢɫɧɵɦ ɰɟɧɬɪɨɦ. ȼɫɟɝɞɚ ɬɪɟɛɭɣɬɟ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɨɪɢɝɢɧɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɡɚɩɚɫɧɵɯ ɱɚɫɬɟɣ.

ɉɪɢɛɨɪ ɦɚɪɤɢɪɨɜɚɧ ɜ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɢ ɫ Ⱦɢɪɟɤɬɢɜɨɣ ȿɋ 2002/96/ȿɋ ɩɨ ɨɬɯɨɞɚɦ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɢ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɧɧɨɝɨ ɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ. ɋɨɛɥɸɞɚɹ ɩɪɚɜɢɥɚ ɭɬɢɥɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɢɡɞɟɥɢɹ, ȼɵ ɦɨɠɟɬɟ ɩɪɟɞɨɬɜɪɚɬɢɬɶ ɭɳɟɪɛ ɨɤɪɭɠɚɸɳɟɣ ɫɪɟɞɟ ɢ ɡɞɨɪɨɜɶɸ ɥɸɞɟɣ, ɤɨɬɨɪɵɣ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɟɧ ɜ ɫɥɭɱɚɟ ɧɟɩɪɚɜɢɥɶɧɨɣ ɭɬɢɥɢɡɚɰɢɢ.

ɋɢɦɜɨɥ ɧɚ ɢɡɞɟɥɢɢ ɢɥɢ ɧɚ ɫɨɩɪɨɜɨɞɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɞɨɤɭɦɟɧɬɚɰɢɢ ɨɡɧɚɱɚɟɬ, ɱɬɨ ɨɧɨ ɧɟ ɩɨɞɥɟɠɢɬ ɭɬɢɥɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɜ ɤɚɱɟɫɬɜɟ ɛɵɬɨɜɵɯ ɨɬɯɨɞɨɜ. ȼɦɟɫɬɨ ɷɬɨɝɨ ɟɝɨ ɫɥɟɞɭɟɬ ɫɞɚɬɶ ɜ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɣ ɩɭɧɤɬ ɩɪɢɟɦɤɢ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɧɧɨɝɨ ɢ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɞɥɹ

ɩɨɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɟɣ ɭɬɢɥɢɡɚɰɢɢ. ɍɬɢɥɢɡɚɰɢɹ ɞɨɥɠɧɚ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɢɬɶɫɹ ɜ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɢ ɫ ɦɟɫɬɧɵɦ ɩɪɢɪɨɞɨɨɯɪɚɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɦ ɡɚɤɨɧɨɞɚɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɨɦ. Ɂɚ ɛɨɥɟɟ ɩɨɞɪɨɛɧɨɣ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɟɣ ɨ ɩɨɪɹɞɤɟ ɭɬɢɥɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɩɪɢɛɨɪɚ ɩɪɨɫɶɛɚ ɨɛɪɚɳɚɬɶɫɹ ɤ ɦɟɫɬɧɵɦ ɜɥɚɫɬɹɦ, ɜ ɫɥɭɠɛɭ ɩɨ ɜɵɜɨɡɭ ɢ ɭɬɢɥɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɨɬɯɨɞɨɜ ɢɥɢ ɜ ɦɚɝɚɡɢɧ, ɜ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɦ ȼɵ ɩɪɢɨɛɪɟɥɢ ɢɡɞɟɥɢɟ.

Ɍɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤɢ

Ⱦɭɯɨɜɨɣ ɲɤɚɮ Ɇɨɳɧɨɫɬɶ Ɋɚɡɦɟɪɵ (ɦɦ) ȾɥɢɧɚxȽɥɭɛɢɧɚxȼɵɫɨɬɚ 595x538x593 Ⱦɭɯɨɜɤɚ (ɤȼɬ) 2,1 Ɉɛɴɟɦ ɞɭɯɨɜɨɝɨ ɲɤɚɮɚ (ɥ) 60 ɥ Ʉɨɧɜɟɤɰɢɨɧɧɵɣ ɜɟɧɬɢɥɹɬɨɪ (ɤȼɬ) 2,1 Ƚɪɢɥɶ (ɤȼɬ) 2,4 ɉɨɬɪɟɛɥɹɟɦɵɣ ɬɨɤ 230 ȼ

ɍɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɚ

ɉɨɫɥɟ ɪɚɫɩɚɤɨɜɤɢ ɭɛɟɞɢɬɟɫɶ ɜ ɨɬɫɭɬɫɬɜɢɢ ɩɨɜɪɟɠɞɟɧɢɣ ɩɪɢɛɨɪɚ ɢ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɤɚɛɟɥɹ. ɉɪɢ ɧɚɥɢɱɢɢ ɩɨɜɪɟɠɞɟɧɢɣ ɫɜɹɠɢɬɟɫɶ ɫ ȼɚɲɢɦ ɩɨɫɬɚɜɳɢɤɨɦ, ɩɪɟɠɞɟ ɱɟɦ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶ ɩɪɢɛɨɪ.

ȼȺɀɇɈ

ȼɨ ɢɡɛɟɠɚɧɢɟ ɧɟɫɱɚɫɬɧɵɯ ɫɥɭɱɚɟɜ ɧɟ ɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɣɬɟ ɭɩɚɤɨɜɨɱɧɵɟ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɵ (ɩɨɥɢɦɟɪɧɭɸ ɩɥɟɧɤɭ, ɩɟɧɨɩɥɚɫɬ) ɜ ɞɨɫɬɭɩɧɨɦ ɞɥɹ ɞɟɬɟɣ ɦɟɫɬɟ, ɩɨɫɤɨɥɶɤɭ ɞɚɧɧɵɟ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɵ ɦɨɝɭɬ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɹɬɶ ɞɥɹ ɧɢɯ ɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɶ.

ɍɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɚ ɞɨɥɠɧɚ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɢɬɶɫɹ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɤɜɚɥɢɮɢɰɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɦ ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɢɫɬɨɦ ɜ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɢ ɫ ɢɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɟɣ.

ɉɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɢɬɟɥɶ ɧɟ ɧɟɫɟɬ ɧɢɤɚɤɨɣ ɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɡɚ ɥɸɛɨɣ ɭɳɟɪɛ, ɩɪɢɱɢɧɟɧɧɵɣ ɥɸɞɹɦ, ɠɢɜɨɬɧɵɦ ɢɥɢ ɩɪɟɞɦɟɬɚɦɢ ɲɢɣ ɜ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɟ ɧɟɩɪɚɜɢɥɶɧɨɣ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɢ ɩɪɢɛɨɪɚ.

ɢ ɜɨɡɧɢɤ-

ȁȟȠȎțȜȐȘȎ ȝȞȖȏȜȞȎ

Ⱦɥɹ ɫɜɨɛɨɞɧɨɣ ɰɢɪɤɭɥɹɰɢɢ ɜɨɡɞɭɯɚ ɞɭɯɨɜɨɣ ɲɤɚɮ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨ ɭɫɬɚɧɚɜɥɢɜɚɬɶ ɜ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɢ ɫ ɪɚɡɦɟɪɚɦɢ, ɭɤɚɡɚɧɧɵɦɢ ɧɚ ɪɢɫ. 2.

ȁȟȠȎțȜȐȘȎ ȝȞȖȏȜȞȎ

ɍɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɬɟ ɩɪɢɛɨɪ ɜ ɩɪɟɞɧɚɡɧɚɱɟɧɧɨɟ ɦɟɫɬɨ (ɩɨɞ ɪɚɛɨɱɭɸ ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɶ ɢɥɢ ɧɚɞ ɞɪɭɝɢɦ ɩɪɢɛɨɪɨɦ), ɡɚɤɪɟɩɢɜ ɜɢɧɬɚɦɢ ɜ ɞɜɭɯ ɨɬɜɟɪɫɬɢɹɯ ɧɚ ɜɧɟɲɧɟɦ ɨɛɨɞɟ ɞɭɯɨɜɨɝɨ

ɲɤɚɮɚ. Ɉɬɜɟɪɫɬɢɹɞɥɹ ɜɢɧɬɨɜ ɜɢɞɧɵ ɩɪɢ ɨɬɤɪɵɬɨɣ ɞɜɟɪɰɟ ɞɭɯɨɜɨɝɨ ɲɤɚɮɚ (ɪɢɫ. 2)

ȼȺɀɇɈ

Ɇɟɛɟɥɶ, ɜ ɤɨɬɨɪɭɸ ɜɫɬɪɚɢɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɞɭɯɨɜɨɣ ɲɤɚɮ, ɞɨɥɠɧɚ ɛɵɬɶ ɠɚɪɨɩɪɨɱɧɨɣ. ȼ ɱɚɫɬɧɨɫɬɢ, ɨɛɥɢɰɨɜɨɱɧɨɟ ɩɨɤɪɵɬɢɟ ɦɟɛɟɥɢ ɞɨɥɠɧɨ ɛɵɬɶ (100° ɋ). ȿɫɥɢ ɨɛɥɢɰɨɜɨɱɧɨɟ ɩɨɤɪɵɬɢɟ ɢɥɢ ɤɥɟɣ ɧɟ ɨɛɥɚɞɚɸɬ ɞɨɫɬɚɬɨɱɧɨɣ ɠɚɪɨɩɪɨɱɧɨɫɬɶɸ, ɩɨɤɪɵɬɢɟ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɞɟɮɨɪɦɢɪɨɜɚɬɶɫɹ ɢɥɢ ɨɬɨɣɬɢ.

ȼ ɰɟɥɹɯ ɬɟɯɧɢɤɢ ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɢ ɩɪɢɛɨɪ ɞɨɥɠɟɧ ɛɵɬɶ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧ ɬɚɤɢɦ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɦ, ɱɬɨɛɵ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɢɬɶ ɡɚɳɢɬɭ ɨɬ ɫɥɭɱɚɣɧɨɝɨ ɫɨɩɪɢɤɨɫɧɨɜɟɧɢɹ ɫ ɟɝɨ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɢɱɟɫɤɢɦɢ ɱɚɫɬɹɦɢ.

ȼɫɟ ɡɚɳɢɬɧɵɟ ɱɚɫɬɢ ɞɨɥɠɧɵ ɛɵɬɶ ɡɚɤɪɟɩɥɟɧɵ ɬɚɤɢɦ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɦ, ɫɧɹɬɶ ɛɟɡ ɩɨɦɨɳɢ ɢɧɫɬɪɭɦɟɧɬɚ.

ɩɪɢɤɥɟɟɧɨ ɠɚɪɨɫɬɨɣɤɢɦ ɤɥɟɟɦ

ɱɬɨɛɵ ɢɯ ɧɟɥɶɡɹ ɛɵɥɨ

ǽȜȒȘșȬȥȓțȖȓ

Ș ȟȓȠȖ ȝȓȞȓȚȓțțȜȑȜ ȠȜȘȎ

ɉɨɞɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɟ ɤ ɫɟɬɢ ɩɟɪɟɦɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɬɨɤɚ ɞɨɥɠɧɨ ɛɵɬɶ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɟɧɨ ɜ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɢ ɫ ɦɟɫɬɧɵɦɢ ɩɪɚɜɢɥɚɦɢ. ɉɟɪɟɞ ɩɨɞɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɟɦ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨ ɩɪɨɜɟɪɢɬɶ ɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɟɟ:

ɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɟ ɜ ɫɟɬɢ ɢ ɪɨɡɟɬɤɟ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫ-

ɬɜɭɸɬ ɦɚɤɫɢɦɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɦɨɳɧɨɫɬɢ ɞɭɯɨɜɨɝɨ

ɲɤɚɮɚ (ɫɦɨɬɪɢ ɬɚɛɥɢɱɤɭ ɬɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɞɚɧ-

ɧɵɯ ɧɚ ɩɪɢɛɨɪɟ);

ɉɊȿȾɍɉɊȿɀȾȿɇɂȿ: ɉɪɢɛɨɪ ɞɨɥɠɟɧ

ɛɵɬɶ ɡɚɡɟɦɥɟɧ. ɷɥɟɤɬɪɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫ-

Ɋɢɫ. 2 Ɉɬɜɟɪɫɬɢɟ ɞɥɹ ɜɢɧɬɚ

ɧɨɫɬɶ ɩɪɢɛɨɪɚ ɝɚɪɚɧɬɢɪɭɟɬɫɹ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɜ ɫɥɭɱɚɟ ɩɪɚɜɢɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɩɨɞɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɹ ɤ ɧɚɞɟɠɧɨ ɡɚɡɟɦɥɟɧɧɨɦɭ ɢɫɬɨɱɧɢɤɭ ɩɢɬɚɧɢɹ, ɤɚɤ ɭɤɚɡɚɧɨ ɜ ɩɪɚɜɢɥɚɯ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɢ;

ȼɚɠɧɨ: ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɢɬɟɥɶ ɧɟ ɧɟɫɟɬ ɧɢɤɚɤɨɣ

ɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɡɚ ɥɸɛɨɣ ɭɳɟɪɛ, ɧɚɧɟɫɟɧɧɵɣ ɥɸɞɹɦ ɢɥɢ ɩɪɟɞɦɟɬɚɦ ɜ ɫɜɹɡɢ ɫ ɧɟɧɚɞɥɟɠɚɳɢɦ ɡɚɡɟɦɥɟɧɢɟɦ ɩɪɢɛɨɪɚ;

ɞɥɹ ɩɨɞɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɹ ɤ ɢɫɬɨɱɧɢɤɭ ɩɢɬɚɧɢɹ ɧɢ

ɜ ɤɨɟɦ ɫɥɭɱɚɟ ɧɟ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɣɬɟ ɪɟɞɭɤɬɨɪɵ, ɩɟɪɟɯɨɞɧɢɤɢ ɢɥɢ ɬɪɨɣɧɢɤɢ.

ǽȜȒȘșȬȥȓțȖȓ ȟȜȓȒȖțȖȠȓșȪțȜȑȜ ȘȎȏȓșȭ

ȿɫɥɢ ɜ ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɬ ɩɨɫɬɚɜɤɢ ɩɪɢɛɨɪɚ ɧɟ ɜɯɨɞɢɬ ɫɨɟɞɢɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɣ ɤɚɛɟɥɶ, ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶ ɤɚɛɟɥɶ H05RR-F ɢɥɢ H05RNF 3 x 1.5 ɦɦ2. ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɟɝɨ ɫɟɱɟɧɢɹ, ɤɨɬɨɪɵɣ ɫɥɟɞɭɟɬ ɩɪɢɫɨɟɞɢɧɢɬɶ ɤ ɤɥɟɦɦɧɨɣ ɤɨɥɨɞɤɟ.

Ⱦɥɹ ɷɬɨɝɨ ȼɚɦ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨ:

ɩɨɞɤɥɸɱɢɬɶ ɤɚɛɟɥɶ ɤ ɫɨɟɞɢɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ

ɩɥɚɬɟ (ɪɢɫ. 3), ɩɪɢ ɷɬɨɦ ɤɚɛɟɥɶ ɡɚɡɟɦɥɟɧɢɹ ɞɨɥɠɟɧ ɛɵɬɶ ɧɚ 3 ɫɦ ɞɥɢɧɧɟɟ, ɱɟɦ ɚɤɬɢɜɧɵɟ ɩɪɨɜɨɞɚ (ɮɚɡɚ/ɧɨɥɶ).

ɋɨɟɞɢɧɢɬɟ ɩɪɨɜɨɞɚ ɤɚɛɟɥɹ ɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɢɦ

ɨɛɪɚɡɨɦ:

L = (ɮɚɡɚ) ɤɨɪɢɱɧɟɜɵɣ ɢɥɢ ɤɪɚɫɧɵɣ N = (ɧɨɥɶ) ɫɢɧɢɣ Ũ = (ɡɟɦɥɹ) ɠɟɥɬɵɣ/ɡɟɥɟɧɵɣ.

ɉɨɦɧɢɬɟ: ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɩɪɨɜɨɞɤɚ ɞɨɥɠɧɚ ɛɵɬɶ ɪɚɫɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɚ ɬɚɤɢɦ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɦ, ɱɬɨɛɵ ɨɧɚ ɧɟ ɧɚɝɪɟɜɚɥɚɫɶ ɛɨɥɟɟ ɱɟɦ ɧɚ 50°ɋɜɵɲɟɤɨɦɧɚɬɧɨɣ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɵ.

ǽȜȒȘșȬȥȓțȖȓ

Ș ȟȠȎțȒȎȞȠțȜȗ ȞȜȕȓȠȘȓ

ɉɨɞɫɨɟɞɢɧɢɬɟ ɫɨɟɞɢɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɣ ɤɚɛɟɥɶ ɤ ɫɬɚɧɞɚɪɬɧɨɣ ɜɢɥɤɟ. ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɟɣ ɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɸ, ɭɤɚɡɚɧɧɨɦɭ ɧɚ ɬɚɛɥɢɱɤɟ ɬɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɞɚɧɧɵɯ. ɉɨɫɥɟ ɬɨɝɨ, ɤɚɤ ɞɭɯɨɜɨɣ

ɲɤɚɮ ɜɫɬɪɨɟɧ ɢ ɩɨɞɤɥɸɱɟɧ, ɭɛɟɞɢɬɟɫɶ, ɱɬɨ ɤ ɜɢɥɤɟ ɟɫɬɶ ɞɨɫɬɭɩ.

ǽȞȭȚȜȓ ȝȜȒȘșȬȥȓțȖȓ Ș ȖȟȠȜȥțȖȘȡ ȝȓȞȓȚȓțțȜȑȜ ȠȜȘȎ

ȿɫɥɢ ɜ ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɬ ɩɨɫɬɚɜɤɢ ɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɚ ɧɟ ɜɯɨɞɢɬ ɤɚɛɟɥɶ ɩɢɬɚɧɢɹ ɢ ɜɢɥɤɚ, ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɩɢɬɚɧɢɟ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɢɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɩɪɹɦɵɦ ɩɨɞɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɟɦ ɤ ɢɫɬɨɱɧɢɤɭ ɩɟɪɟɦɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɬɨɤɚ ɫ ɩɨɦɨɳɶɸ ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɚ, ɩɨɡɜɨɥɹɸɳɟɝɨ ɨɬɤɥɸɱɚɬɶ ɩɪɢɛɨɪ ɨɬ ɫɟɬɢ ɩɨ ɜɫɟɦ ɩɨɥɸɫɚɦ ɧɚ ɲɢɪɢɧɭ ɪɚɡɦɵɤɚɧɢɹ ɤɨɧɬɚɤɬɨɜ ɜ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɢ ɫ ɤɚɬɟɝɨɪɢɟɣ ɩɟɪɟɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɹ III, ɫɨɝɥɚɫɧɨ ɬɪɟɛɨɜɚɧɢɹɦ ɞɚɧɧɨɣ ɢɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɢ.

ɀɟɥɬɨ-ɡɟɥɟɧɵɣ ɤɚɛɟɥɶ ɡɚɡɟɦɥɟɧɢɹ ɞɨɥɠɟɧ ɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɢɪɨɜɚɬɶɫɹ ɷɬɢɦ ɨɬɤɥɸɱɚɸɳɢɦ ɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɨɦ.

ɧɟ

ȼɇɂɆȺɇɂȿ: ȿɫɥɢ ɤɚɛɟɥɶ ɩɢɬɚɧɢɹ ɩɨɜ-

ɪɟɠɞɟɧ, ɬɨ ɜɨ ɢɡɛɟɠɚɧɢɟ ɥɸɛɨɝɨ ɪɢɫɤɚ ɫɥɟɞɭɟɬ ɨɛɪɚɬɢɬɶɫɹ ɤ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɢɬɟɥɸ, ɜɚɜɬɨɪɢɡɨɜɚɧɧɵɣ ɫɟɪɜɢɫɧɵɣ ɰɟɧɬɪ ɢɥɢ ɤ ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɢɫɬɭ.

Ɋɢɫ. 3

ɉɊɂȽɈɌɈȼɅȿɇɂȿ ɉɂɓɂ

ɉɨɫɥɟ ɩɟɪɜɨɝɨ ɜɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɹ ɩɟɱɢ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɨɳɭɳɚɬɶɫɹ ɡɚɩɚɯ ɫɝɨɪɟɜɲɟɝɨ ɡɚɳɢɬɧɨɝɨ ɬɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɦɚɫɥɚ, ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɟɦɨɝɨ ɜ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɟ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɫɬɜɚ. ɉɨɷɬɨɦɭ ɩɟɪɟɞ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟɦ ɩɟɱɶ ɫɥɟɞɭɟɬ ɩɪɨɝɪɟɬɶ ɧɚ ɦɚɤɫɢɦɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɟ ɜ ɬɟɱɟɧɢɟ ɩɪɢɦɟɪɧɨ ɨɞɧɨɝɨ ɱɚɫɚ.

ȼɇɂɆȺɇɂȿ! ɉɟɪɟɞ ɧɚɱɚɥɨɦ ɱɢɫɬɤɢ ɩɪɢɛɨɪ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨ ɨɬɫɨɟɞɢɧɢɬɶ ɨɬ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɫɟɬɢ.

ɉɨ ɡɚɜɟɪɲɟɧɢɢ ɧɚɱɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɩɪɨɝɪɟɜɚ ɞɚɣɬɟ ɩɟɱɢ ɨɫɬɵɬɶ, ɡɚɬɟɦ ɨɱɢɫɬɢɬɟ ɟɟ ɜɧɭɬɪɟɧɧɢɟ ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɢ ɬɟɩɥɨɣ ɜɨɞɨɣ ɫ ɦɨɸɳɢɦ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɨɦ. ɉɟɪɟɞ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟɦ ɩɟɱɢ ɜɵɦɨɣɬɟ ɜɫɟ ɪɟɲɟɬɤɢ, ɩɪɨɬɢɜɟɧɶ ɢ ɥɨɬɤɢ.

Ɉɛɳɢɟ ɫɜɟɞɟɧɢɹ ɢ ɭɤɚɡɚɧɢɹ ɩɨ ɷɤɫɩɥɭɚɬɚɰɢɢ

- Ⱦɜɟɪɰɚ ɪɚɛɨɬɚɸɳɟɣ ɩɟɱɢ ɞɨɥɠɧɚ ɛɵɬɶ ɡɚɤɪɵɬɚ.

- Ɉɬɤɪɵɜɚɣɬɟ ɞɜɟɪɰɭ ɡɚ ɫɟɪɟɞɢɧɭ ɪɭɱɤɢ.

- ɉɪɢ ɨɬɤɪɵɜɚɧɢɢ ɞɜɟɪɰɵ ɩɨɦɧɢɬɟ, ɱɬɨ ɜɧɭɬɪɢ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɩɪɢɫɭɬɫɬɜɨɜɚɬɶ ɝɨɪɹɱɢɣ ɩɚɪ.

- ɉɪɟɠɞɟ ɱɟɦ ɩɨɦɟɫɬɢɬɶ ɜ ɩɟɱɶ ɢɥɢ ɜɵɧɭɬɶ ɤɚɤɭɸ-ɥɢɛɨ ɩɨɫɭɞɭ, ɧɚɞɟɧɶɬɟ ɡɚɳɢɬɧɵɟ ɩɟɪɱɚɬɤɢ.

- ɂɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɣɬɟ ɩɨɫɭɞɭ, ɫɩɨɫɨɛɧɭɸ ɜɵɞɟɪɠɚɬɶ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɵ, ɭɤɚɡɚɧɧɵɟ ɧɚ ɬɟɪɦɨɪɟɝɭɥɹɬɨɪɟ.

- ɉɨɫɥɟ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɩɟɱɢ ɩɟɪɟɜɟɞɢɬɟ ɜɫɟ ɨɪɝɚɧɵ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɜ ɜɵɤɥɸɱɟɧɧɨɟ ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɟ.

- Ɂɚɩɪɟɳɚɟɬɫɹ ɠɚɪɢɬɶ ɢɥɢ ɩɟɱɶ ɩɢɳɭ ɧɚ ɨɫɧɨɜɚɧɢɢ ɩɟɱɢ.

ɍɉɊȺȼɅȿɇɂȿ

ɋɟɥɟɤɬɨɪ

- ɜɵɛɨɪ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɣ

Ɋɢɫ. 4

Ⱦɢɫɩɥɟɣ

- ɱɚɫɵ

- ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɧɧɵɣ

ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɚɬɨɪ

- ɪɟɠɢɦ ɩɪɢɝɨɬɨɜɥɟɧɢɹ

- ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɚ ɩɟɱɢ

- ɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɤɚ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɵ

Ɋɟɝɭɥɹɬɨɪ

- ɧɚɫɬɪɨɣɤɚ ɱɚɫɨɜ

- ɧɚɫɬɪɨɣɤɚ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɧɧɨɝɨ

ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɚɬɨɪɚ

ɎɍɇɄɐɂɂ ɉɊɂȽɈɌɈȼɅȿɇɂə ɉɂɓɂ

ɉɊɂɆȿɑȺɇɂȿ

ȼɵɛɨɪ ɩɪɢɜɟɞɟɧɧɵɯ ɧɢɠɟ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɣ ɩɪɢɝɨɬɨɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɩɢɳɢ ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɫɟɥɟɤɬɨɪɨɦ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɣ (ɫɦ. ɪɢɫ. 4). ɉɪɢɦɟɱɚɧɢɟ: ɜɵɛɪɚɧɧɵɟ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɢ ɢ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɚ ɩɟɱɢ ɨɬɨɛɪɚɠɚɸɬɫɹ ɧɚ ɞɢɫɩɥɟɟ (ɫɦ. ɪɢɫ. 4A).

ɂɧɞɢɤɚɬɨɪ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɢ

Ɍɟɦɩ

., (°C)

40…260

50…200

50…260

ɉɪɟɞɭɩɪɟɠɞɟɧɢɟ. Ⱦɜɟɪɰɚ ɪɚɛɨɬɚɸɳɟɣ ɩɟɱɢ ɞɨɥɠɧɚ ɛɵɬɶ ɡɚɤɪɵɬɚ.

ɥɹ ɭɜɟɥɢɱɟɧɢɹ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɵ ɩɟɱɢ ɩɨɜɟɪɧɢɬɟ ɪɟɝɭɥɹɬɨɪ ɜ ɫɬɨɪɨɧɭ

ɫɢɦɜɨɥɚ " " , ɚ ɞɥɹ ɟɟ ɭɦɟɧɶɲɟɧɢɹ -- ɜ ɫɬɨɪɨɧɭ ɫɢɦɜɨɥɚ " ". Ɉɫɜɟɳɟɧɢɟ ɩɟɱɢ

ɍɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɬɟ ɫɟɥɟɤɬɨɪ ɜ ɷɬɨ ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɟ ɞɥɹ ɜɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɹ ɨɫɜɟɳɟɧɢɹ ɩɟɱɢ, ɤɨɬɨɪɨɟ ɛɭɞɟɬ ɪɚɛɨɬɚɬɶ ɜ ɩɪɢɜɟɞɟɧɧɵɯ ɧɢɠɟ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɹɯ.

Ɋɚɡɦɨɪɚɠɢɜɚɧɢɟ ɩɨɬɨɤɨɦ ɜɨɡɞɭɯɚ

ȼɨɡɞɭɯ ɫ ɧɢɡɤɨɣ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɨɣ ɩɟɪɟɦɟɲɢɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɜɧɭɬɪɢ ɩɟɱɢ ɜɟɧɬɢɥɹɬɨɪɨɦ, ɛɥɚɝɨɞɚɪɹ ɱɟɦɭ ɫɨɤɪɚɳɚɟɬɫɹ ɜɪɟɦɹ ɪɚɡɦɨɪɚɠɢɜɚɧɢɹ ɢ ɫɨɯɪɚɧɹɸɬɫɹ ɤɚɱɟɫɬɜɚ ɛɟɥɤɨɜ. (ɩɨ ɭɦɨɥɱɚɧɢɸ 40 °C).

ɋɪɟɞɧɢɣ ɝɪɢɥɶ

Ɋɚɛɨɬɚɟɬ ɰɟɧɬɪɚɥɶɧɵɣ ɜɟɪɯɧɢɣ ɧɚɝɪɟɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɣ ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬ, ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɢɜɚɸɳɢɣ ɩɪɹɦɨɟ ɬɟɩɥɨɜɨɟ ɨɛɥɭɱɟɧɢɟ ɜɟɪɯɧɟɣ ɱɚɫɬɢ ɩɢɳɢ. Ⱦɚɧɧɭɸ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɸ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶ ɜ ɞɢɚɩɚɡɨɧɟ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪ 50…200 °C (ɩɨ ɭɦɨɥɱɚɧɢɸ 200 °C).

Ȼɨɥɶɲɨɣ ɝɪɢɥɶ

Ɋɚɛɨɬɚɸɬ ɞɜɚ ɜɟɪɯɧɢɯ ɧɚɝɪɟɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɚ, ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɢɜɚɸɳɢɯ

ɩɪɹɦɨɟ ɬɟɩɥɨɜɨɟ ɨɛɥɭɱɟɧɢɟ ɜɟɪɯɧɟɣ ɱɚɫɬɢ ɩɢɳɢ. Ⱦɚɧɧɭɸ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɸ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶ ɜ ɞɢɚɩɚɡɨɧɟ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪ 50… 200 °C (ɩɨ ɭɦɨɥɱɚɧɢɸ 200 °C).

ȿɫɬɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɚɹ ɤɨɧɜɟɤɰɢɹ

ɩɪɢɝɨɬɨɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɯɪɭɫɬɹɳɟɣ ɩɢɳɢ. Ɉɱɟɧɶ ɯɨɪɨɲɢɟ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɵ ɩɨɥɭɱɚɸɬɫɹ ɩɪɢ ɩɪɢɝɨɬɨɜɥɟɧɢɢ ɧɚ ɩɨɥɤɟ ɫ ɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟɦ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɵ ɜ ɞɢɚɩɚɡɨɧɟ 50… 260 °C (ɩɨ ɭɦɨɥɱɚɧɢɸ 180 °C).

50…260

50…200

50…260

ɭɯɨɜɨɣ ɲɤɚɮ ɫ ɩɪɢɧɭɞɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɤɨɧɜɟɤɰɢɟɣ

Ɉɞɧɨɜɪɟɦɟɧɧɨ ɪɚɛɨɬɚɸɬ ɜɟɧɬɢɥɹɬɨɪ ɢ ɤɨɥɶɰɟɜɨɣ ɧɚɝɪɟɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɣ ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬ. ȼɧɭɬɪɢ ɩɟɱɢ ɪɚɜɧɨɦɟɪɧɨ ɪɚɫɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɜɨɡɞɭɯ ɫ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɨɣ 50… 260 °C (ɩɨ ɭɦɨɥɱɚɧɢɸ 170 °C).

ɂɞɟɚɥɶɧɵɣ ɪɟɠɢɦ ɞɥɹ ɨɞɧɨɜɪɟɦɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɩɪɢɝɨɬɨɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɧɟɫɤɨɥɶɤɢɯ ɬɢɩɨɜ

ɩɢɳɢ (ɦɹɫɚ, ɪɵɛɵ) ɛɟɡ ɢɯ ɜɡɚɢɦɧɨɝɨ ɜɥɢɹɧɢɹ ɧɚ ɜɤɭɫ ɢ ɡɚɩɚɯ. ɗɬɭ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɸ ɪɟɤɨɦɟɧɞɭɟɬɫɹ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶ ɞɥɹ ɩɪɢɝɨɬɨɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɢɡɵɫɤɚɧɧɵɯ ɦɭɱɧɵɯ ɤɨɧɞɢɬɟɪɫɤɢɯ ɢɡɞɟɥɢɣ.

ɉɪɢɧɭɞɢɬɟɥɶɧɚɹ ɤɨɧɜɟɤɰɢɹ

Ɉɞɧɨɜɪɟɦɟɧɧɨ ɪɚɛɨɬɚɸɬ ɜɟɪɯɧɢɣ ɢ ɧɢɠɧɢɣ ɧɚɝɪɟɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɟ ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɵ, ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɜɟɧɬɢɥɹɬɨɪ. ɗɬɨ ɬɪɚɞɢɰɢɨɧɧɵɣ ɫɩɨɫɨɛ ɩɪɢɝɨɬɨɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɩɢɳɢ, ɨɬɥɢɱɧɨ ɩɨɞɯɨɞɹɳɢɣ ɞɥɹ ɫɚɦɵɯ ɪɚɡɧɨɨɛɪɚɡɧɵɯ ɩɪɨɞɭɤɬɨɜ. ɏɨɪɨɲɢɟ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɵ ɩɨɥɭɱɚɸɬɫɹ ɩɪɢ ɩɪɢɝɨɬɨɜɥɟɧɢɢ ɩɢɳɢ ɧɚ ɨɞɧɨɦ ɭɪɨɜɧɟ (ɱɬɨ ɢɞɟɚɥɶɧɨ ɞɥɹ ɩɟɱɟɧɢɣ, ɬɨɪɬɨɜ ɢ ɦɢɧɢ-ɛɭɬɟɪɛɪɨɞɨɜ) ɜ ɞɢɚɩɚɡɨɧɟ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪ 50… 260 °C (ɩɨ ɭɦɨɥɱɚɧɢɸ 185 °C).

ɉɨɥɧɵɣ ɝɪɢɥɶ ɫ ɩɪɢɧɭɞɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɤɨɧɜɟɤɰɢɟɣ

ȼɨɡɞɭɯ, ɧɚɝɪɟɜɚɟɦɵɣ ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɚɦɢ ɝɪɢɥɹ, ɩɟɪɟɦɟɳɚɟɬɫɹ ɜɟɧɬɢɥɹɬɨɪɨɦ ɜ ɰɢɪɤɭɥɹɰɢɨɧɧɨɦ ɪɟɠɢɦɟ ɢ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɫɬɜɭɟɬ ɪɚɜɧɨɦɟɪɧɨɦɭ ɪɚɫɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɸ ɬɟɩɥɚ. Ɉɬɥɢɱɧɨ ɡɚɦɟɧɹɟɬ ɜɟɪɬɟɥ. Ɉɱɟɧɶ ɯɨɪɨɲɢɟ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɵ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɩɨɥɭɱɢɬɶ ɩɪɢ ɩɪɢɝɨɬɨɜɥɟɧɢɢ ɛɨɥɶɲɨɝɨ ɤɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɚ ɩɬɢɰɵ, ɫɨɫɢɫɨɤ ɢ ɫɵɪɨɝɨ ɦɹɫɚ. Ⱦɚɧɧɭɸ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɸ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶ ɜ ɞɢɚɩɚɡɨɧɟ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪ 50… 200 °C (ɩɨ ɭɦɨɥɱɚɧɢɸ 200 °C).

ɇɢɠɧɢɣ ɧɚɝɪɟɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɣ ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬ

ɉɪɢɝɨɬɨɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɩɢɳɢ ɫ ɧɚɝɪɟɜɨɦ ɫɧɢɡɭ, ɧɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ, ɩɨɞɨɝɪɟɜ ɩɢɳɢ ɢɥɢ ɫɬɟɪɢɥɢɡɚɰɢɹ ɫɬɟɤɥɹɧɧɵɯ ɛɚɧɨɤ. Ɋɟɤɨɦɟɧɞɭɟɬɫɹ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɞɥɹ ɞɥɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɢ ɦɟɞɥɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɩɪɢɝɨɬɨɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɩɢɳɢ, ɬɚɤɨɣ ɤɚɤ ɡɚɩɟɤɚɧɤɢ. Ⱦɚɧɧɭɸ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɸ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶ ɜ ɞɢɚɩɚɡɨɧɟ 50… 260 °C (ɩɨ ɭɦɨɥɱɚɧɢɸ 220 °C).

ɍɉɊȺȼɅȿɇɂȿ (ɀɄ-ɞɢɫɩɥɟɣ)

Ɍɚɣɦɟɪ

ɑɚɫɵ

ɇɚɱɚɥɨ ɩɪɢɝɨɬɨɜɥɟɧɢɹ

ȼɪɟɦɹ ɩɪɢɝɨɬɨɜɥɟɧɢɹ

Ɉɤɨɧɱɚɧɢɟ ɩɪɢɝɨɬɨɜɥɟɧɢɹ Ɋɚɡɦɨɪɚɠɢɜɚɧɢɟ

ȼɟɪɬɟɥ

Ȼɥɨɤɢɪɨɜɤɚ

ɇȺɋɌɊɈɃɄȺ ɑȺɋɈȼ

ɉɨɫɥɟ ɩɟɪɜɨɝɨ ɩɨɞɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɹ ɩɟɱɢ ɤ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɫɟɬɢ ɧɚ ɞɢɫɩɥɟɟ ɨɬɨɛɪɚɠɚɟɬɫɹ "00.00" ɢ

ɦɢɝɚɟɬ ɫɜɟɬɨɞɢɨɞɧɵɣ ɢɧɞɢɤɚɬɨɪ "

(ɪɢɫ. 4B) ɩɨ ɱɚɫɨɜɨɣ ɫɬɪɟɥɤɟ ɜ ɫɬɨɪɨɧɭ ɫɢɦɜɨɥɚ " ɱɚɫɨɜɨɣ ɫɬɪɟɥɤɢ ɜ ɫɬɨɪɨɧɭ ɫɢɦɜɨɥɚ "

". ɑɬɨɛɵ ɭɜɟɥɢɱɢɬɶ ɜɪɟɦɹ, ɩɨɜɟɪɧɢɬɟ ɪɟɝɭɥɹɬɨɪ

", ɚ ɱɬɨɛɵ ɟɝɨ ɭɦɟɧɶɲɢɬɶ -- ɩɪɨɬɢɜ

". Ⱦɥɹ ɩɨɞɬɜɟɪɠɞɟɧɢɹ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɧɨɝɨ

ɜɪɟɦɟɧɢ ɧɚɠɦɢɬɟ ɪɟɝɭɥɹɬɨɪ ɢɥɢ ɩɨɞɨɠɞɢɬɟ 5 ɫ.

ȼɚɠɧɨ: ɛɟɡ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɟɧɢɹ ɷɬɨɝɨ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɹ ɧɟɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɬɶ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɢ ɩɪɢɝɨɬɨɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɩɢɳɢ.

ɉɪɢɦɟɱɚɧɢɟ: ɟɫɥɢ ɜɵ ɠɟɥɚɟɬɟ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɬɶ ɜɪɟɦɹ ɜɩɨɫɥɟɞɫɬɜɢɢ, ɧɚɠɦɢɬɟ ɪɟɝɭɥɹɬɨɪ (ɪɢɫ. 4B), ɩɨɤɚ ɧɟ ɧɚɱɧɟɬ ɦɢɝɚɬɶ ɢɧɞɢɤɚɬɨɪ "

", ɢ ɡɚɬɟɦ ɩɪɨɞɨɥɠɚɣɬɟ ɜ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɢ

ɫ ɢɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɟɣ ɜɵɲɟ. ɉɨɫɥɟ ɧɚɫɬɪɨɣɤɢ ɱɚɫɨɜ ɬɚɣɦɟɪ ɛɭɞɟɬ ɪɚɛɨɬɚɬɶ ɜ ɪɭɱɧɨɦ ɪɟɠɢɦɟ.

ɌȺɃɆȿɊ

ɇɚɠɦɢɬɟ ɪɟɝɭɥɹɬɨɪ (ɪɢɫ. 4B) ɢ ɭɞɟɪɠɢɜɚɣɬɟ ɟɝɨ ɧɚɠɚɬɵɦ ɞɨ ɬɟɯ ɩɨɪ, ɩɨɤɚ ɧɟ ɧɚɱɧɟɬ ɦɢɝɚɬɶ ɢɧɞɢɤɚɬɨɪ ɬɚɣɦɟɪɚ "

ɩɪɢɝɨɬɨɜɥɟɧɢɹ, ɜɪɚɳɚɹ ɪɟɝɭɥɹɬɨɪ ɩɨ ɱɚɫɨɜɨɣ ɫɬɪɟɥɤɟ ɜ ɫɬɨɪɨɧɭ ɫɢɦɜɨɥɚ "

". ɉɨɫɥɟ ɷɬɨɝɨ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɬɟ ɬɪɟɛɭɟɦɨɟ ɜɪɟɦɹ

" ɞɥɹ

ɭɜɟɥɢɱɟɧɢɹ ɜɪɟɦɟɧɢ ɢɥɢ ɩɪɨɬɢɜ ɱɚɫɨɜɨɣ ɫɬɪɟɥɤɢ ɜ ɫɬɨɪɨɧɭ ɫɢɦɜɨɥɚ " " ɞɥɹ ɭɦɟɧɶɲɟɧɢɹ ɜɪɟɦɟɧɢ. Ⱦɥɹ ɩɨɞɬɜɟɪɠɞɟɧɢɹ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɜɪɟɦɟɧɢ ɧɚɠɦɢɬɟ ɪɟɝɭɥɹɬɨɪ ɢɥɢ ɩɨɞɨɠɞɢɬɟ 5 ɫ. ɍɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɧɨɟ ɜɪɟɦɹ ɨɬɨɛɪɚɡɢɬɫɹ ɧɚ ɞɢɫɩɥɟɟ, ɚ

ɢɧɞɢɤɚɬɨɪ " ɩɨɞɚɟɬɫɹ ɡɜɭɤɨɜɨɣ ɫɢɝɧɚɥ, ɢ ɢɧɞɢɤɚɬɨɪ "

" ɨɫɬɚɧɟɬɫɹ ɜɤɥɸɱɟɧɧɵɦ. ɉɨ ɡɚɜɟɪɲɟɧɢɢ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɜɪɟɦɟɧɢ

" ɧɚɱɢɧɚɟɬ ɦɢɝɚɬɶ. Ⱦɥɹ ɜɵɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɹ

ɡɜɭɤɨɜɨɝɨ ɫɢɝɧɚɥɚ ɧɚɠɦɢɬɟ ɪɟɝɭɥɹɬɨɪ (ɪɢɫ. 4B).

ȼɊȿɆə ɉɊɂȽɈɌɈȼɅȿɇɂə

ȼɚɠɧɨ: ɱɬɨɛɵ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɛɵɥɨ ɡɚɞɚɬɶ ɜɪɟɦɹ ɩɪɢɝɨɬɨɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɩɢɳɢ, ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɬɶ ɫɟɥɟɤɬɨɪ (ɪɢɫ. 4) ɜ ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɟ ɩɪɢɝɨɬɨɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɩɢɳɢ! ɋɥɟɞɭɟɬ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɢɦɟɬɶ ɜ ɜɢɞɭ, ɱɬɨ ɩɪɢ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɟ ɫɟɥɟɤɬɨɪɚ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɣ ɜ ɧɭɥɟɜɨɟ ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɟ ɜ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɟ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɟɧɢɹ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɵ ɜɜɟɞɟɧɧɵɟ ɧɚɫɬɪɨɣɤɢ ɨɬɦɟɧɹɸɬɫɹ! ɍɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɚ: ɧɚɠɦɢɬɟ ɪɟɝɭɥɹɬɨɪ (ɪɢɫ. 4B) ɢ ɭɞɟɪɠɢɜɚɣɬɟ ɟɝɨ ɞɨ ɬɟɯ ɩɨɪ, ɩɨɤɚ ɧɟ ɧɚɱɧɟɬ

ɦɢɝɚɬɶ ɫɢɦɜɨɥ "

". ɑɬɨɛɵ ɭɜɟɥɢɱɢɬɶ ɬɪɟɛɭɟɦɨɟ ɜɪɟɦɹ ɩɪɢɝɨɬɨɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɩɢɳɢ,

ɩɨɜɟɪɧɢɬɟ ɪɟɝɭɥɹɬɨɪ ɩɨ ɱɚɫɨɜɨɣ ɫɬɪɟɥɤɟ ɜ ɫɬɨɪɨɧɭ ɫɢɦɜɨɥɚ " ɭɦɟɧɶɲɢɬɶ -- ɩɪɨɬɢɜ ɱɚɫɨɜɨɣ ɫɬɪɟɥɤɢ ɜ ɫɬɨɪɨɧɭ ɫɢɦɜɨɥɚ "

", ɚ ɱɬɨɛɵ ɟɝɨ

". Ⱦɥɹ ɩɨɞɬɜɟɪɠɞɟɧɢɹ

ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɜɪɟɦɟɧɢ ɧɚɠɦɢɬɟ ɪɟɝɭɥɹɬɨɪ (ɪɢɫ. 4B) ɢɥɢ ɩɨɞɨɠɞɢɬɟ 5 ɫ. ɇɚ ɞɢɫɩɥɟɟ

ɨɬɨɛɪɚɡɢɬɫɹ ɫɢɦɜɨɥ "

" ɫ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɧɵɦ ɜɪɟɦɟɧɟɦ ɢ ɫɢɦɜɨɥ " " ɫ ɜɪɟɦɟɧɟɦ

ɜɵɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɹ ɩɟɱɢ.

ȼ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɟ ɩɪɢɝɨɬɨɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɩɢɳɢ ɧɚ ɞɢɫɩɥɟɟ ɨɬɨɛɪɚɠɚɟɬɫɹ ɫɢɦɜɨɥ "

". ɉɨ

ɡɚɜɟɪɲɟɧɢɢ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɜɪɟɦɟɧɢ ɩɨɞɚɟɬɫɹ ɡɜɭɤɨɜɨɣ ɫɢɝɧɚɥ, ɧɚɱɢɧɚɟɬ ɦɢɝɚɬɶ

ɢɧɞɢɤɚɬɨɪ "

", ɢ ɩɟɱɶ ɚɜɬɨɦɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɢ ɜɵɤɥɸɱɚɟɬɫɹ.

ɇɚɠɦɢɬɟ ɪɟɝɭɥɹɬɨɪ ( ɪɢɫ. 4B) ɞɥɹ ɜɵɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɹ ɡɜɭɤɨɜɨɝɨ ɫɢɝɧɚɥɚ ɢ ɩɨɜɟɪɧɢɬɟ ɫɟɥɟɤɬɨɪ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɣ (ɪɢɫ. 4) ɜ "ɧɨɥɶ" ɞɥɹ ɜɵɯɨɞɚ ɢɡ ɪɟɠɢɦɚ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɢ ɜɪɟɦɟɧɢ ɩɪɢɝɨɬɨɜɥɟɧɢɹ.

ȼɊȿɆə ɈɄɈɇɑȺɇɂə ɉɊɂȽɈɌɈȼɅȿɇɂə ȼɚɠɧɨ: ɱɬɨɛɵ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɛɵɥɨ ɡɚɞɚɬɶ ɜɪɟɦɹ ɩɪɢɝɨɬɨɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɩɢɳɢ, ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨ

ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɬɶ ɫɟɥɟɤɬɨɪ (ɪɢɫ. 4) ɜ ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɟ ɩɪɢɝɨɬɨɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɩɢɳɢ! ɋɥɟɞɭɟɬ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɢɦɟɬɶ ɜ ɜɢɞɭ, ɱɬɨ ɩɪɢ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɟ ɫɟɥɟɤɬɨɪɚ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɣ ɜ ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɟ "ɧɨɥɶ" ɜ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɟ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɟɧɢɹ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɵ ɜɜɟɞɟɧɧɵɟ ɧɚɫɬɪɨɣɤɢ ɨɬɦɟɧɹɸɬɫɹ! ^ ɍɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɚ: ɧɚɠɦɢɬɟ ɪɟɝɭɥɹɬɨɪ (ɪɢɫ. 4B) ɢ ɭɞɟɪɠɢɜɚɣɬɟ ɟɝɨ ɞɨ ɬɟɯ ɩɨɪ, ɩɨɤɚ ɧɟ ɧɚɱɧɟɬ

ɦɢɝɚɬɶ ɫɢɦɜɨɥ "

". ɑɬɨɛɵ ɭɜɟɥɢɱɢɬɶ ɬɪɟɛɭɟɦɨɟ ɜɪɟɦɹ ɨɤɨɧɱɚɧɢɹ ɩɪɢɝɨɬɨɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɩɢɳɢ, ɩɨɜɟɪɧɢɬɟ ɪɟɝɭɥɹɬɨɪ ɩɨ ɱɚɫɨɜɨɣ ɫɬɪɟɥɤɟ ɜ ɫɬɨɪɨɧɭ ɫɢɦɜɨɥɚ " ", ɚ ɱɬɨɛɵ ɟɝɨ

ɭɦɟɧɶɲɢɬɶ -- ɩɪɨɬɢɜ ɱɚɫɨɜɨɣ ɫɬɪɟɥɤɢ ɜ ɫɬɨɪɨɧɭ ɫɢɦɜɨɥɚ "

Ⱦɥɹ ɩɨɞɬɜɟɪɠɞɟɧɢɹ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɜɪɟɦɟɧɢ ɧɚɠɦɢɬɟ ɪɟɝɭɥɹɬɨɪ (ɪɢɫ. 4B) ɢɥɢ

ɩɨɞɨɠɞɢɬɟ 5 ɫ. ɇɚ ɞɢɫɩɥɟɟ ɨɬɨɛɪɚɡɹɬɫɹ ɫɢɦɜɨɥ " ɩɪɢɝɨɬɨɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɢ ɫɢɦɜɨɥ "

" ɫ ɜɪɟɦɟɧɟɦ ɩɪɢɝɨɬɨɜɥɟɧɢɹ. ȼ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɟ ɩɪɢɝɨɬɨɜɥɟɧɢɹ

" ɫ ɜɪɟɦɟɧɟɦ ɨɤɨɧɱɚɧɢɹ

ɩɢɳɢ ɧɚ ɞɢɫɩɥɟɟ ɨɬɨɛɪɚɠɚɟɬɫɹ ɫɢɦɜɨɥ " ". ɉɨ ɡɚɜɟɪɲɟɧɢɢ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɧɨɝɨ

ɜɪɟɦɟɧɢ ɩɨɞɚɟɬɫɹ ɡɜɭɤɨɜɨɣ ɫɢɝɧɚɥ, ɧɚɱɢɧɚɟɬ ɦɢɝɚɬɶ ɢɧɞɢɤɚɬɨɪ "

", ɢ ɩɟɱɶ

ɚɜɬɨɦɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɢ ɜɵɤɥɸɱɚɟɬɫɹ. ɇɚɠɦɢɬɟ ɪɟɝɭɥɹɬɨɪ (ɪɢɫ. 4B) ɞɥɹ ɜɵɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɹ ɡɜɭɤɨɜɨɝɨ ɫɢɝɧɚɥɚ ɢ ɩɨɜɟɪɧɢɬɟ ɫɟɥɟɤɬɨɪ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɣ (ɪɢɫ. 4) ɜ "ɧɨɥɶ" ɞɥɹ ɜɵɯɨɞɚ ɢɡ ɪɟɠɢɦɚ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɢ ɜɪɟɦɟɧɢ ɨɤɨɧɱɚɧɢɹ ɩɪɢɝɨɬɨɜɥɟɧɢɹ.

ȼɊȿɆə ɉɊɂȽɈɌɈȼɅȿɇɂə ɂ ȼɊȿɆə ɈɄɈɇɑȺɇɂə ɉɊɂȽɈɌɈȼɅȿɇɂə

ɇɚɠɦɢɬɟ ɪɟɝɭɥɹɬɨɪ (ɪɢɫ. 4B) ɢ ɭɞɟɪɠɢɜɚɣɬɟ ɟɝɨ ɞɨ ɬɟɯ ɩɨɪ, ɩɨɤɚ ɧɟ ɧɚɱɧɟɬ ɦɢɝɚɬɶ ɫɢɦɜɨɥ "

ɍɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɬɟ ɬɪɟɛɭɟɦɨɟ ɜɪɟɦɹ ɩɪɢɝɨɬɨɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɜ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɢ ɫ ɭɤɚɡɚɧɢɹɦɢ ɢɡ ɩɚɪɚɝɪɚɮɚ "ȼɊȿɆə ɉɊɂȽɈɌɈȼɅȿɇɂə". ɇɚɠɦɢɬɟ ɪɟɝɭɥɹɬɨɪ (ɪɢɫ. 4B) ɢ ɭɞɟɪɠɢɜɚɣɬɟ

ɟɝɨ ɞɨ ɬɟɯ ɩɨɪ, ɩɨɤɚ ɧɟ ɧɚɱɧɟɬ ɦɢɝɚɬɶ ɫɢɦɜɨɥ "

ɍɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɬɟ ɬɪɟɛɭɟɦɨɟ ɜɪɟɦɹ ɨɤɨɧɱɚɧɢɹ ɩɪɢɝɨɬɨɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɜ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɢ ɫ ɭɤɚɡɚɧɢɹɦɢ ɢɡ ɩɚɪɚɝɪɚɮɚ "ȼɊȿɆə ɈɄɈɇɑȺɇɂə ɉɊɂȽɈɌɈȼɅȿɇɂə". ɉɪɢɝɨɬɨɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɩɢɳɢ ɡɚɩɭɫɬɢɬɫɹ ɜ ɦɨɦɟɧɬ, ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɣ ɪɚɡɧɨɫɬɢ ɜɪɟɦɟɧɢ ɨɤɨɧɱɚɧɢɹ ɩɪɢɝɨɬɨɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɢ ɜɪɟɦɟɧɢ ɩɪɢɝɨɬɨɜɥɟɧɢɹ. ɇɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ, ɟɫɥɢ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɨ ɜɪɟɦɹ ɨɤɨɧɱɚɧɢɹ ɩɪɢɝɨɬɨɜɥɟɧɢɹ 12:00, ɚ ɜɪɟɦɹ ɩɪɢɝɨɬɨɜɥɟɧɢɹ 1 ɱ 30 ɦɢɧ., ɬɨ ɩɟɱɶ ɧɚɱɧɟɬ ɪɚɛɨɬɭ ɜ 10:30 ɢ ɜɵɤɥɸɱɢɬɫɹ ɜ 12:00.

ȼ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɟ ɩɪɢɝɨɬɨɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɩɢɳɢ ɧɚ ɞɢɫɩɥɟɟ ɨɬɨɛɪɚɠɚɟɬɫɹ ɫɢɦɜɨɥ "

". ɉɨ

ɡɚɜɟɪɲɟɧɢɢ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɜɪɟɦɟɧɢ ɩɨɞɚɟɬɫɹ ɡɜɭɤɨɜɨɣ ɫɢɝɧɚɥ, ɧɚɱɢɧɚɟɬ ɦɢɝɚɬɶ

ɢɧɞɢɤɚɬɨɪ "

", ɢ ɩɟɱɶ ɚɜɬɨɦɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɢ ɜɵɤɥɸɱɚɟɬɫɹ.

ɇɚɠɦɢɬɟ ɪɟɝɭɥɹɬɨɪ ( ɪɢɫ. 4B) ɞɥɹ ɜɵɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɹ ɡɜɭɤɨɜɨɝɨ ɫɢɝɧɚɥɚ ɢ ɩɨɜɟɪɧɢɬɟ ɫɟɥɟɤɬɨɪ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɣ (ɪɢɫ. 4) ɜ "ɧɨɥɶ" ɞɥɹ ɜɵɯɨɞɚ ɢɡ ɪɟɠɢɦɚ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɢ ɜɪɟɦɟɧɢ ɩɪɢɝɨɬɨɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɢ ɜɪɟɦɟɧɢ ɨɤɨɧɱɚɧɢɹ ɩɪɢɝɨɬɨɜɥɟɧɢɹ.

ɉɊȿɊɕȼȺɇɂȿ ȼɕɉɈɅɇȿɇɂə ɉɊɈȽɊȺɆɆ

ȼɵɩɨɥɧɟɧɢɟ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɵ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɩɪɟɪɜɚɬɶ ɜ ɥɸɛɨɣ ɦɨɦɟɧɬ. Ⱦɥɹ ɷɬɨɝɨ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨ ɟɳɟ ɪɚɡ ɜɵɛɪɚɬɶ ɬɭ ɠɟ ɫɚɦɭɸ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɸ ɢ ɩɨɜɟɪɧɭɬɶ ɪɟɝɭɥɹɬɨɪ (ɪɢɫ. 4B) ɩɪɨɬɢɜ ɱɚɫɨɜɨɣ

ɫɬɪɟɥɤɢ ɤ ɫɢɦɜɨɥɭ "

", ɫɛɪɚɫɵɜɚɹ ɬɟɦ ɫɚɦɵɦ ɜɪɟɦɹ ɩɪɢɝɨɬɨɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɞɨ ɧɭɥɹ.

ɍɋɌȺɇɈȼɄȺ ȻɅɈɄɂɊɈȼɄɂ

ɉɪɢ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɧɨɣ ɛɥɨɤɢɪɨɜɤɟ ɬɚɣɦɟɪ ɧɟɥɶɡɹ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶ ɞɥɹ ɡɚɞɚɧɢɹ ɜɪɟɦɟɧɢ ɢɥɢ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦ. Ɍ. ɟ. ɛɥɨɤɢɪɭɟɬɫɹ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɶ ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɹ ɜɪɟɦɟɧɢ ɞɧɹ, ɨɫɬɚɜɲɟɝɨɫɹ ɜɪɟɦɟɧɢ ɨɬɫɱɟɬɚ ɢ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɹɟɦɨɣ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɵ. Ɍɟɦ ɧɟ ɦɟɧɟɟ ɩɪɨɞɨɥɠɢɬɫɹ ɬɨɱɧɨɟ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɟɧɢɟ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɧɵɯ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦ. Ⱦɥɹ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɢ ɛɥɨɤɢɪɨɜɤɢ ɧɚɠɦɢɬɟ ɪɟɝɭɥɹɬɨɪ

(ɪɢɫ. 4B) ɢ ɭɞɟɪɠɢɜɚɣɬɟ ɟɝɨ ɞɨ ɬɟɯ ɩɨɪ, ɩɨɤɚ ɧɟ ɧɚɱɧɟɬ ɦɢɝɚɬɶ ɫɢɦɜɨɥ "

Ⱦɥɹ ɩɨɞɬɜɟɪɠɞɟɧɢɹ ɩɨɜɟɪɧɢɬɟ ɪɟɝɭɥɹɬɨɪ ɩɪɨɬɢɜ ɱɚɫɨɜɨɣ ɫɬɪɟɥɤɢ ɜ ɫɬɨɪɨɧɭ ɫɢɦɜɨɥɚ

" ɩɪɢɦɟɪɧɨ ɧɚ 3 ɫ.

ȼ ɪɟɠɢɦɟ ɛɥɨɤɢɪɨɜɤɢ ɟɞɢɧɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɦ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɵɦ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɹɸɳɢɦ ɜɨɡɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɟɦ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɜɵɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɟ ɡɜɭɤɨɜɨɝɨ ɫɢɝɧɚɥɚ, ɩɨɞɚɜɚɟɦɨɝɨ ɩɨ ɡɚɜɟɪɲɟɧɢɢ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɵ. ɇɢɤɚɤɢɟ ɞɪɭɝɢɟ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɢ ɢɡɦɟɧɢɬɶ ɧɟɥɶɡɹ. Ⱦɥɹ ɫɧɹɬɢɹ ɛɥɨɤɢɪɨɜɤɢ ɩɨɜɟɪɧɢɬɟ ɪɟɝɭɥɹɬɨɪ (ɪɢɫ. 4B) ɩɪɨɬɢɜ ɱɚɫɨɜɨɣ ɫɬɪɟɥɤɢ ɜ

ɫɬɨɪɨɧɭ ɫɢɦɜɨɥɚ " ɇɚ ɞɢɫɩɥɟɟ ɞɨɥɠɟɧ ɩɨɝɚɫɧɭɬɶ ɢɧɞɢɤɚɬɨɪ ɛɥɨɤɢɪɨɜɤɢ "

" ɢ ɭɞɟɪɠɢɜɚɣɬɟ ɟɝɨ ɩɪɢɦɟɪɧɨ 3 ɫ.

ɊȿȽɍɅɂɊɈȼɄȺ əɊɄɈɋɌɂ ȾɂɋɉɅȿə

Ⱦɢɫɩɥɟɣ ɢɦɟɟɬ ɱɟɬɵɪɟ ɫɬɭɩɟɧɢ ɹɪɤɨɫɬɢ. Ⱦɥɹ ɜɵɛɨɪɚ ɬɪɟɛɭɟɦɨɣ ɹɪɤɨɫɬɢ ɩɨɜɟɪɧɢɬɟ ɪɟɝɭɥɹɬɨɪ (ɪɢɫ. 4B) ɩɪɨɬɢɜ ɱɚɫɨɜɨɣ ɫɬɪɟɥɤɢ ɜ ɫɬɨɪɨɧɭ ɫɢɦɜɨɥɚ "

ɫɬɪɟɥɤɢ ɜ ɫɬɨɪɨɧɭ ɫɢɦɜɨɥɚ "

" ɢɥɢ ɩɨ ɱɚɫɨɜɨɣ

ɉɪɢɦɟɱɚɧɢɟ: ɞɥɹ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɟɧɢɹ ɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɤɢ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɬɶ ɫɟɥɟɤɬɨɪ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɣ (ɪɢɫ. 4) ɜ ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɟ "ɧɨɥɶ".

ɍɉɊȺȼɅȿɇɂȿ (ɦɨɞɟɥɢ ɫ ɫɟɧɫɨɪɧɨɣ ɩɚɧɟɥɶɸ)

1 = ɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɤɚ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɵ 5 = ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɚɬɨɪ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɢ

2 = ɩɢɬɚɧɢɟ 6 = ɢɧɞɢɤɚɬɨɪ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɵ 3 = ɧɚɫɬɪɨɣɤɚ ɱɚɫɨɜ – ɧɚɫɬɪɨɣɤɚ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɧɧɨɝɨ

ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɚɬɨɪɚ 4 = ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɚɬɨɪ ɫɟɥɟɤɬɨɪɚ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɣ 8 = ɢɧɞɢɤɚɬɨɪ ɩɪɢɝɨɬɨɜɥɟɧɢɹ

ɩɪɢɝɨɬɨɜɥɟɧɢɹ

7 = ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɚɬɨɪ ɞɢɫɩɥɟɹ

ɉɨɫɥɟ ɩɨɞɫɨɟɞɢɧɟɧɢɹ ɩɟɱɢ ɤ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɫɟɬɢ ɧɚ ɞɢɫɩɥɟɟ ɨɬɨɛɪɚɠɚɟɬɫɹ ɦɢɝɚɸɳɟɟ ɜɪɟɦɹ "12:00". ȼ ɷɬɨɬ ɦɨɦɟɧɬ ɧɟɞɨɫɬɭɩɧɵ ɜɫɟ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɢ ɩɟɱɢ, ɜ ɬɨɦ ɱɢɫɥɟ ɟɟ ɜɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɟ. Ⱦɥɹ ɢɯ ɚɤɬɢɜɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɬɶ ɞɚɬɭ ɢ ɜɪɟɦɹ ɢɥɢ ɞɜɚɠɞɵ ɧɚɠɚɬɶ ɤɧɨɩɤɭ

ȼɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɟ ɢ ɜɵɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɟ ɩɟɱɢ

ɇɚɠɦɢɬɟ ɤɧɨɩɤɭ "

ɇɚ ɞɢɫɩɥɟɟ ɨɬɨɛɪɚɡɢɬɫɹ ɧɚɞɩɢɫɶ "On" (ȼɤɥ.), ɢ ɧɚ ɞɜɟ ɫɟɤɭɧɞɵ ɜɤɥɸɱɢɬɫɹ ɨɫɜɟɳɟɧɢɟ ɤɚɦɟɪɵ. ȿɫɥɢ ɜ ɬɟɱɟɧɢɟ ɩɨɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɟɣ ɦɢɧɭɬɵ ɧɟ ɜɵɛɪɚɬɶ ɧɢ ɨɞɧɨɣ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɢ ɩɪɢɝɨɬɨɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɩɢɳɢ, ɩɟɱɶ ɚɜɬɨɦɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɢ ɜɵɤɥɸɱɢɬɫɹ. Ⱦɥɹ ɜɵɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɹ ɩɟɱɢ ɜ

ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɟ ɩɪɢɝɨɬɨɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɩɢɳɢ ɦɹɝɤɨ ɧɚɠɦɢɬɟ ɤɧɨɩɤɭ "

Ȼɥɨɤɢɪɨɜɤɚ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ

ɉɨɫɥɟ ɤɚɠɞɨɝɨ ɜɵɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɹ ɩɟɱɢ ɢɥɢ ɡɚɩɭɫɤɚ ɡɚɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɨɣ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɢ ɩɪɢɝɨɬɨɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɩɢɳɢ ɩɚɧɟɥɶ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɚɜɬɨɦɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɢ ɛɥɨɤɢɪɭɟɬɫɹ (ɮɭɧɤɰɢɹ ɡɚɳɢɬɵ ɨɬ ɞɟɬɟɣ). Ⱥɤɬɢɜɧɚɹ ɛɥɨɤɢɪɨɜɤɚ ɭɤɚɡɵɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɨɬɨɛɪɚɠɟɧɢɟɦ ɧɚ ɞɢɫɩɥɟɟ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɵ ɫɢɦɜɨɥɚ "ɛɥɨɤɢɪɨɜɤɚ". Ⱦɥɹ ɫɧɹɬɢɹ ɛɥɨɤɢɪɨɜɤɢ ɧɚɠɦɢɬɟ ɢ ɭɞɟɪɠɢɜɚɣɬɟ

ɧɟɫɤɨɥɶɤɨ ɫɟɤɭɧɞ ɤɧɨɩɤɭ "

". Ɂɚɬɟɦ ɟɳɟ ɪɚɡ ɧɚɠɦɢɬɟ ɤɧɨɩɤɭ " " ɞɥɹ ɜɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɹ

ɩɟɱɢ. ɉɚɧɟɥɶ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɡɚɛɥɨɤɢɪɨɜɚɬɶ ɢ ɜɨ ɜɪɟɦɹ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ ɩɟɱɢ. Ⱦɥɹ ɷɬɨɝɨ ɧɚɠɦɢɬɟ ɤɧɨɩɤɭ "

" ɢ ɭɞɟɪɠɢɜɚɣɬɟ ɟɟ ɧɟɫɤɨɥɶɤɨ ɫɟɤɭɧɞ.

ɉɪɢɜɟɞɟɧɧɵɟ ɧɢɠɟ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɢ ɩɪɢɝɨɬɨɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɩɢɳɢ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɧɚɫɬɪɨɢɬɶ ɫ ɩɨɦɨɳɶɸ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɚɬɨɪɚ (ɪɢɫ. 5). ɉɪɢɦɟɱɚɧɢɟ: ɜɵɛɪɚɧɧɵɟ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɢ ɢ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɚ ɩɟɱɢ ɨɬɨɛɪɚɠɚɸɬɫɹ ɧɚ ɞɢɫɩɥɟɟ (ɫɦ. ɪɢɫ. 5).

ɉɊɂɆȿɑȺɇɂȿ. ȼ ɩɟɱɢ ɢɦɟɟɬɫɹ ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɶɧɚɹ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɹ "ɛɵɫɬɪɨɝɨ ɪɚɡɨɝɪɟɜɚ" (ɤɨɥɶɰɟɜɨɣ ɧɚɝɪɟɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɣ ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬ + ɜɟɧɬɢɥɹɬɨɪ), ɚɜɬɨɦɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɢ ɚɤɬɢɜɢɪɭɟɦɚɹ ɩɪɢ ɜɵɛɨɪɟ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɢ ɩɪɢɝɨɬɨɜɥɟɧɢɹ. Ɉɧɚ ɞɟɚɤɬɢɜɢɪɭɟɬɫɹ ɩɨɫɥɟ ɞɨɫɬɢɠɟɧɢɹ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɧɨɣ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɵ ɩɟɱɢ, "ɩɟɪɟɞɚɜɚɹ ɷɫɬɚɮɟɬɭ" ɜɵɛɪɚɧɧɨɣ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɢ ɩɪɢɝɨɬɨɜɥɟɧɢɹ. Ɏɭɧɤɰɢɹ ɪɚɡɨɝɪɟɜɚ ɩɟɱɢ ɧɟ ɜɤɥɸɱɚɟɬɫɹ ɩɟɪɟɞ ɡɚɩɭɫɤɨɦ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɣ ɪɚɡɦɨɪɚɠɢɜɚɧɢɹ, ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɫɪɟɞɧɟɝɨ ɢ ɛɨɥɶɲɨɝɨ ɝɪɢɥɹ.

ɂɧɞɢɤɚɬɨɪ

ɮɭɧɤɰɢɢ



Ɍɟɦɩ.,

( °C)

40…260

dEF

40…60

ɉɪɟɞɭɩɪɟɠɞɟɧɢɟ. Ⱦɜɟɪɰɚ ɪɚɛɨɬɚɸɳɟɣ ɩɟɱɢ ɞɨɥɠɧɚ ɛɵɬɶ ɡɚɤɪɵɬɚ. ɉɪɢɦɟɱɚɧɢɟ: ɞɥɹ ɭɜɟɥɢɱɟɧɢɹ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɵ ɩɟɱɢ ɦɹɝɤɨ ɧɚɠɢɦɚɣɬɟ

ɫɟɧɫɨɪɧɭɸ ɤɧɨɩɤɭ " ", ɚ ɞɥɹ ɟɟ ɭɦɟɧɶɲɟɧɢɹ -- ɤɧɨɩɤɭ " ". Ɉɫɜɟɳɟɧɢɟ ɩɟɱɢ

Ɉɫɜɟɳɟɧɢɟ ɤɚɦɟɪɵ ɩɟɱɢ ɜɤɥɸɱɚɟɬɫɹ ɚɜɬɨɦɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɢ ɩɪɢ ɜɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɢ ɩɟɱɢ ɢ ɨɫɬɚɟɬɫɹ ɜɤɥɸɱɟɧɧɵɦ ɜ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɟ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɟɧɢɹ ɞɪɭɝɢɯ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɣ ɩɪɢɦɟɪɧɨ ɞɜɟ ɦɢɧɭɬɵ. Ⱦɥɹ ɩɨɜɬɨɪɧɨɝɨ ɜɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɹ ɨɫɜɟɳɟɧɢɹ ɤɚɦɟɪɵ ɜ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɟ ɩɪɢɝɨɬɨɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɩɢɳɢ ɫɥɟɞɭɟɬ ɧɚɠɚɬɶ ɫɟɧɫɨɪɧɭɸ ɤɧɨɩɤɭ "+" ɢɥɢ "-". ɉɊɂɆȿɑȺɇɂȿ. Ɉɫɜɟɳɟɧɢɟ ɤɚɦɟɪɵ ɜɤɥɸɱɚɟɬɫɹ ɩɪɢɦɟɪɧɨ ɧɚ 40 ɫ.

Ɋɚɡɦɨɪɚɠɢɜɚɧɢɟ ɩɨɬɨɤɨɦ ɜɨɡɞɭɯɚ

ȼɨɡɞɭɯ ɫ ɧɢɡɤɨɣ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɨɣ ɩɟɪɟɦɟɲɢɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɜɧɭɬɪɢ ɩɟɱɢ ɜɟɧɬɢɥɹɬɨɪɨɦ, ɛɥɚɝɨɞɚɪɹ ɱɟɦɭ ɫɨɤɪɚɳɚɟɬɫɹ ɜɪɟɦɹ ɪɚɡɦɨɪɚɠɢɜɚɧɢɹ ɢ ɫɨɯɪɚɧɹɸɬɫɹ ɤɚɱɟɫɬɜɚ ɛɟɥɤɨɜ.

ɉɊɂɆȿɑȺɇɂȿ. Ⱦɥɹ ɭɫɤɨɪɟɧɢɹ ɪɚɡɦɨɪɚɠɢɜɚɧɢɹ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɜɤɥɸɱɢɬɶ ɧɢɠɧɢɣ

ɧɚɝɪɟɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɣ ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬ ɞɨ ɞɨɫɬɢɠɟɧɢɹ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɵ 40…60 °C.

50…200

50…260

50…200

50…260

ɋɪɟɞɧɢɣ ɝɪɢɥɶ (ɧɚɥɢɱɢɟ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɢ ɜɟɪɬɟɥɚ ɡɚɜɢɫɢɬ ɨɬ ɦɨɞɟɥɢ ).

Ɋɚɛɨɬɚɸɬ ɞɜɚ ɜɟɪɯɧɢɯ ɧɚɝɪɟɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɚ, ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɢɜɚɸɳɢɯ ɩɪɹɦɨɟ ɬɟɩɥɨɜɨɟ ɨɛɥɭɱɟɧɢɟ ɜɟɪɯɧɟɣ ɱɚɫɬɢ ɩɢɳɢ. Ⱦɚɧɧɭɸ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɸ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶ ɜ ɞɢɚɩɚɡɨɧɟ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪ 50… 200 °C (ɩɨ ɭɦɨɥɱɚɧɢɸ 200 °C).

Ȼɨɥɶɲɨɣ ɝɪɢɥɶ (ɧɚɥɢɱɢɟ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɢ ɜɟɪɬɟɥɚ ɡɚɜɢɫɢɬ ɨɬ ɦɨɞɟɥɢ ).

Ɋɚɛɨɬɚɸɬ ɞɜɚ ɜɟɪɯɧɢɯ ɧɚɝɪɟɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɚ, ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɢɜɚɸɳɢɯ ɩɪɹɦɨɟ ɬɟɩɥɨɜɨɟ ɨɛɥɭɱɟɧɢɟ ɜɟɪɯɧɟɣ ɱɚɫɬɢ ɩɢɳɢ. Ⱦɚɧɧɭɸ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɸ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨ

ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶ ɜ ɞɢɚɩɚɡɨɧɟ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪ 50… 200 °C (ɩɨ ɭɦɨɥɱɚɧɢɸ 200 °C).

ɋɪɟɞɧɢɣ ɝɪɢɥɶ ɫ ɩɪɢɧɭɞɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɤɨɧɜɟɤɰɢɟɣ

ȼɨɡɞɭɯ, ɧɚɝɪɟɜɚɟɦɵɣ ɫɪɟɞɧɢɦ ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɨɦ ɝɪɢɥɹ, ɩɟɪɟɦɟɳɚɟɬɫɹ ɜɟɧɬɢɥɹɬɨɪɨɦ ɢ ɧɚɝɪɟɜɚɟɬ ɩɢɳɭ. Ƚɚɪɚɧɬɢɪɭɸɬɫɹ ɯɨɪɨɲɢɟ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɵ ɩɪɢ ɩɪɢɝɨɬɨɜɥɟɧɢɢ ɩɬɢɰɵ, ɫɨɫɢɫɨɤ ɢ ɫɵɪɨɝɨ ɦɹɫɚ. Ⱦɚɧɧɭɸ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɸ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶ ɜ ɞɢɚɩɚɡɨɧɟ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪ 50… 200 °C (ɩɨ ɭɦɨɥɱɚɧɢɸ 200 °C).

ɉɨɥɧɵɣ ɝɪɢɥɶ ɫ ɩɪɢɧɭɞɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɤɨɧɜɟɤɰɢɟɣ

ȿɫɬɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɚɹ ɤɨɧɜɟɤɰɢɹ

Ɉɞɧɨɜɪɟɦɟɧɧɨ ɪɚɛɨɬɚɸɬ ɧɢɠɧɢɣ ɢ ɜɟɪɯɧɢɣ ɧɚɝɪɟɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɟ ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɵ. ɗɬɨ ɬɪɚɞɢɰɢɨɧɧɵɣ ɫɩɨɫɨɛ ɩɪɢɝɨɬɨɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɩɢɳɢ, ɯɨɪɨɲɨ ɩɨɞɯɨɞɹɳɢɣ ɞɥɹ ɨɛɠɚɪɤɢ ɦɹɫɚ ɢ ɢɞɟɚɥɶɧɵɣ ɞɥɹ ɜɵɩɟɱɤɢ ɩɟɱɟɧɶɹ ɢ ɹɛɥɨɤ, ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɩɪɢɝɨɬɨɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɯɪɭɫɬɹɳɟɣ ɩɢɳɢ. Ɉɱɟɧɶ ɯɨɪɨɲɢɟ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɵ ɩɨɥɭɱɚɸɬɫɹ ɩɪɢ ɩɪɢɝɨɬɨɜɥɟɧɢɢ ɧɚ ɩɨɥɤɟ ɫ ɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟɦ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɵ ɜ ɞɢɚɩɚɡɨɧɟ 50…260 °C (ɩɨ ɭɦɨɥɱɚɧɢɸ 180 °C).

ɭɯɨɜɨɣ ɲɤɚɮ ɫ ɩɪɢɧɭɞɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɤɨɧɜɟɤɰɢɟɣ

Ɉɞɧɨɜɪɟɦɟɧɧɨ ɪɚɛɨɬɚɸɬ ɜɟɧɬɢɥɹɬɨɪ ɢ ɤɨɥɶɰɟɜɨɣ ɧɚɝɪɟɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɣ ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬ. ȼɧɭɬɪɢ ɩɟɱɢ ɪɚɜɧɨɦɟɪɧɨ ɪɚɫɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɜɨɡɞɭɯ ɫ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɨɣ 50… 260 °C (ɩɨ ɭɦɨɥɱɚɧɢɸ 170 °C). ɂɞɟɚɥɶɧɵɣ ɪɟɠɢɦ ɞɥɹ ɨɞɧɨɜɪɟɦɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɩɪɢɝɨɬɨɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɧɟɫɤɨɥɶɤɢɯ ɬɢɩɨɜ ɩɢɳɢ (ɦɹɫɚ, ɪɵɛɵ) ɛɟɡ ɢɯ ɜɡɚɢɦɧɨɝɨ ɜɥɢɹɧɢɹ ɧɚ ɜɤɭɫ ɢ ɡɚɩɚɯ. Ⱦɚɧɧɭɸ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɸ ɪɟɤɨɦɟɧɞɭɟɬɫɹ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶ ɞɥɹ ɩɪɢɝɨɬɨɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɢɡɵɫɤɚɧɧɵɯ ɦɭɱɧɵɯ ɤɨɧɞɢɬɟɪɫɤɢɯ ɢɡɞɟɥɢɣ.

50…260

ɉɪɢɧɭɞɢɬɟɥɶɧɚɹ ɤɨɧɜɟɤɰɢɹ

ɉɪɢɧɭɞɢɬɟɥɶɧɚɹ ɤɨɧɜɟɤɰɢɹ ɫ ɧɢɠɧɢɦ ɧɚɝɪɟɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɦ ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɨɦ

ȼɨɡɞɭɯ, ɧɚɝɪɟɜɚɟɦɵɣ ɧɢɠɧɢɦ ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɨɦ, ɩɟɪɟɦɟɳɚɟɬɫɹ ɜɟɧɬɢɥɹɬɨɪɨɦ ɢ ɧɚɝɪɟɜɚɟɬ ɩɢɳɭ ɩɪɢ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɟ 50…260 °C (ɩɨ ɭɦɨɥɱɚɧɢɸ 220 °C). ɏɨɪɨɲɨ ɩɨɞɯɨɞɢɬ ɞɥɹ ɫɬɟɪɢɥɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɩɪɨɞɭɤɬɨɜ.

ȼɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɟ ɜɟɪɯɧɟɝɨ ɧɚɝɪɟɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɚ ɩɟɱɢ

Ɇɨɠɟɬ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶɫɹ ɞɥɹ ɩɨɜɬɨɪɧɨɝɨ ɧɚɝɪɟɜɚ ɝɨɬɨɜɨɣ ɩɢɳɢ ɩɭɬɟɦ ɩɨɦɟɳɟɧɢɹ ɩɪɨɬɢɜɧɹ ɧɚ ɜɬɨɪɨɣ ɭɪɨɜɟɧɶ ɫɜɟɪɯɭ, ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɞɥɹ ɪɚɡɦɨɪɚɠɢɜɚɧɢɹ ɯɥɟɛɚ, ɩɢɰɰɵ ɢɥɢ ɦɚɤɚɪɨɧ ɧɚ ɩɟɪɜɨɦ ɭɪɨɜɧɟ ɫɧɢɡɭ. Ⱦɚɧɧɭɸ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɸ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶ ɜ ɞɢɚɩɚɡɨɧɟ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪ 50…260 °C (ɩɨ ɭɦɨɥɱɚɧɢɸ

220 °C).

ɉɪɢɧɭɞɢɬɟɥɶɧɚɹ ɤɨɧɜɟɤɰɢɹ ɫ ɜɟɪɯɧɢɦ ɧɚɝɪɟɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɦ ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɨɦ

ȼɨɡɞɭɯ, ɧɚɝɪɟɜɚɟɦɵɣ ɜɟɪɯɧɢɦ ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɨɦ, ɩɟɪɟɦɟɳɚɟɬɫɹ ɜɟɧɬɢɥɹɬɨɪɨɦ ɢ ɧɚɝɪɟɜɚɟɬ ɩɢɳɭ ɩɪɢ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɟ 50…260 °C (ɩɨ ɭɦɨɥɱɚɧɢɸ 220 °C).

ɭɯɨɜɨɣ ɲɤɚɮ ɫ ɩɪɢɧɭɞɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɤɨɧɜɟɤɰɢɟɣ (ɷɧɟɪɝɨɫɛɟɪɟɝɚɸɳɚɹ

ɮɭɧɤɰɢɹ)

ȼɟɧɬɢɥɹɬɨɪ ɢ ɤɨɥɶɰɟɜɨɣ ɧɚɝɪɟɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɣ ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬ ɜɤɥɸɱɟɧɵ ɨɞɧɨɜɪɟɦɟɧɧɨ. Ƚɨɪɹɱɢɣ ɜɨɡɞɭɯ (50…260 °C) ɪɚɫɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɪɚɜɧɨɦɟɪɧɨ ɩɨ ɜɫɟɦ ɭɪɨɜɧɹɦ. ɂɞɟɚɥɶɧɵɣ ɪɟɠɢɦ ɞɥɹ ɩɪɨɞɨɥɠɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɩɪɢɝɨɬɨɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɧɵɯ ɬɢɩɨɜ ɩɢɳɢ (ɦɹɫɚ ɢɥɢ ɪɵɛɵ). (Ɍɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɚ ɩɨ ɭɦɨɥɱɚɧɢɸ 170 °C).

ɍɉɊȺȼɅȿɇɂȿ ((ɦɨɞɟɥɢ ɫ ɫɟɧɫɨɪɧɨɣ ɩɚɧɟɥɶɸ)

ɉɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɚɬɨɪ ɞɢɫɩɥɟɹ

Ɍɚɣɦɟɪ

bELL

ȼɪɟɦɹ ɩɪɢɝɨɬɨɜɥɟɧɢɹ

dur

Ʉɨɧɟɰ ɩɪɢɝɨɬɨɜɥɟɧɢɹ

End

hour ɑɚɫɵ

ɍɦɟɧɶɲɟɧɢɟ ɜɪɟɦɟɧɢ ɍɜɟɥɢɱɟɧɢɟ ɜɪɟɦɟɧɢ

ɇɚɫɬɪɨɣɤɚ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɣ

Ɏɭɧɤɰɢɹ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɚɬɨɪɚ ɉɢɬɚɧɢɟ

ɇȺɋɌɊɈɃɄȺ ɑȺɋɈȼ

ɉɨɫɥɟ ɩɨɞɫɨɟɞɢɧɟɧɢɹ ɩɟɱɢ ɤ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɫɟɬɢ ɧɚ ɞɢɫɩɥɟɟ ɨɬɨɛɪɚɠɚɟɬɫɹ ɦɢɝɚɸɳɟɟ ɜɪɟɦɹ

"12:00". ɇɚɠɦɢɬɟ ɤɧɨɩɤɭ "

" ɢ ɭɞɟɪɠɢɜɚɣɬɟ ɟɟ ɩɪɢɦɟɪɧɨ 4 ɫ ɞɨ ɨɬɨɛɪɚɠɟɧɢɹ ɧɚ

ɞɢɫɩɥɟɟ ɫɥɨɜɚ "Hour" (ɑɚɫɵ). ɍɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɬɟ ɬɨɱɧɨɟ ɜɪɟɦɹ (ɱɚɫɵ) ɫɟɧɫɨɪɧɵɦɢ ɤɧɨɩɤɚɦɢ "

" ɢɥɢ " " ɢ ɱɟɪɟɡ 4 ɫ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɬɟ ɦɢɧɭɬɵ.

ɇɚɫɬɪɨɣɤɢ ɫɨɯɪɚɧɹɸɬɫɹ ɚɜɬɨɦɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɢ ɱɟɪɟɡ 4 ɫ ɩɨɫɥɟ ɧɚɠɚɬɢɹ ɩɨɫɥɟɞɧɟɣ ɤɧɨɩɤɢ. ɉɪɢɦɟɱɚɧɢɟ: ɟɫɥɢ ɜɵ ɠɟɥɚɟɬɟ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɬɶ ɜɪɟɦɹ ɜɩɨɫɥɟɞɫɬɜɢɢ, ɧɚɠɦɢɬɟ ɤɧɨɩɤɭ "

ɢ ɭɞɟɪɠɢɜɚɣɬɟ ɟɟ ɜ ɬɟɱɟɧɢɟ 4 ɫ, ɢ ɡɚɬɟɦ ɩɪɨɞɨɥɠɚɣɬɟ ɜ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɢ ɫ ɢɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɟɣ ɜɵɲɟ. ɇɚɫɬɪɨɢɬɶ ɱɚɫɵ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɧɚ ɧɟɪɚɛɨɬɚɸɳɟɣ ɩɟɱɢ.

ɌȺɃɆȿɊ

Ɇɹɝɤɨ ɧɚɠɢɦɚɣɬɟ ɤɧɨɩɤɭ ɧɚɫɬɪɨɣɤɢ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɣ "

", ɩɨɤɚ ɧɚ ɞɢɫɩɥɟɟ ɧɟ ɨɬɨɛɪɚɡɹɬɫɹ

ɫɥɨɜɨ "Bell ɢ ɤɨɥɨɤɨɥɶɱɢɤ. ɑɟɪɟɡ 2 ɫ ɨɬɨɛɪɚɡɢɬɫɹ ɡɚɞɚɧɧɨɟ ɩɨ ɭɦɨɥɱɚɧɢɸ ɜɪɟɦɹ "90". ɗɬɨ ɜɪɟɦɹ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɢɡɦɟɧɢɬɶ ɤɧɨɩɤɚɦɢ "

" ɢ " " ɞɨ ɦɚɤɫ. ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹ 180 ɦɢɧ. ɇɚɫɬɪɨɣɤɢ ɫɨɯɪɚɧɹɸɬɫɹ ɚɜɬɨɦɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɢ ɱɟɪɟɡ 4 ɫ ɩɨɫɥɟ ɧɚɠɚɬɢɹ ɩɨɫɥɟɞɧɟɣ ɤɧɨɩɤɢ. ɉɨ ɢɫɬɟɱɟɧɢɢ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɜɪɟɦɟɧɢ ɩɨɞɚɟɬɫɹ ɡɜɭɤɨɜɨɣ ɫɢɝɧɚɥ, ɢ ɤɨɥɨɤɨɥɶɱɢɤ ɧɚ ɞɢɫɩɥɟɟ ɧɚɱɢɧɚɟɬ ɦɢɝɚɬɶ. Ⱦɥɹ ɜɵɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɹ ɫɢɝɧɚɥɚ ɧɚɠɦɢɬɟ ɥɸɛɭɸ ɤɧɨɩɤɭ.

ȼɊȿɆə ɉɊɂȽɈɌɈȼɅȿɇɂə

ȼɤɥɸɱɢɬɟ ɩɟɱɶ.

Ɇɹɝɤɨ ɧɚɠɢɦɚɣɬɟ ɤɧɨɩɤɭ ɧɚɫɬɪɨɣɤɢ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɣ "

"ɞɨ ɨɬɨɛɪɚɠɟɧɢɹ ɧɚ ɞɢɫɩɥɟɟ ɫɥɨɜɚ "dur". ɑɟɪɟɡ 2 ɫ ɨɬɨɛɪɚɡɢɬɫɹ ɡɚɞɚɧɧɨɟ ɩɨ ɭɦɨɥɱɚɧɢɸ ɜɪɟɦɹ "90". ɗɬɨ ɜɪɟɦɹ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɢɡɦɟɧɢɬɶ ɤɧɨɩɤɚɦɢ "

" ɢ " " ɞɨ ɦɚɤɫ. ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹ 180 ɦɢɧ.

ɇɚɫɬɪɨɣɤɢ ɫɨɯɪɚɧɹɸɬɫɹ ɚɜɬɨɦɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɢ ɱɟɪɟɡ 4 ɫ ɩɨɫɥɟ ɧɚɠɚɬɢɹ ɩɨɫɥɟɞɧɟɣ ɤɧɨɩɤɢ. ȼ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɟ ɩɪɢɝɨɬɨɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɩɢɳɢ ɧɚ ɞɢɫɩɥɟɟ ɨɬɨɛɪɚɠɚɟɬɫɹ ɫɢɦɜɨɥ "

ɉɨ ɢɫɬɟɱɟɧɢɢ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɜɪɟɦɟɧɢ ɩɨɞɚɟɬɫɹ ɡɜɭɤɨɜɨɣ ɫɢɝɧɚɥ, ɢ ɧɚ ɞɢɫɩɥɟɟ ɧɚɱɢɧɚɟɬ ɦɢɝɚɬɶ ɢɧɞɢɤɚɬɨɪ "

Ⱦɥɹ ɜɵɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɹ ɫɢɝɧɚɥɚ ɧɚɠɦɢɬɟ ɥɸɛɭɸ ɤɧɨɩɤɭ.

ȼɊȿɆə ɈɄɈɇɑȺɇɂə ɉɊɂȽɈɌɈȼɅȿɇɂə

ȼɤɥɸɱɢɬɟ ɩɟɱɶ. Ɇɹɝɤɨ ɧɚɠɢɦɚɣɬɟ ɤɧɨɩɤɭ ɧɚɫɬɪɨɣɤɢ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɣ "

"ɞɨ ɨɬɨɛɪɚɠɟɧɢɹ ɧɚ ɞɢɫɩɥɟɟ ɫɥɨɜɚ "End". ɇɚ ɞɢɫɩɥɟɟ ɨɬɨɛɪɚɡɢɬɫɹ ɡɚɞɚɧɧɨɟ ɩɨ ɭɦɨɥɱɚɧɢɸ ɜɪɟɦɹ ɨɤɨɧɱɚɧɢɹ

ɩɪɢɝɨɬɨɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɩɢɳɢ (ɪɚɜɧɨɟ ɜɪɟɦɟɧɢ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɬɟɤɭɳɢɦ ɜɪɟɦɟɧɟɦ ɢ ɜɪɟɦɟɧɟɦ ɩɨ ɭɦɨɥɱɚɧɢɸ). ɗɬɨ ɜɪɟɦɹ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɢɡɦɟɧɢɬɶ ɤɧɨɩɤɚɦɢ "

" ɢ " " ɞɨ ɦɚɤɫ. ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹ 23 ɱɚɫɚ 59 ɦɢɧ. (ɉɪɢɦɟɱɚɧɢɟ: ɜ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɟ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɢ ɜɪɟɦɟɧɢ ɩɪɢɝɨɬɨɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɫɥɟɞɭɟɬ ɛɵɫɬɪɨ

ɩɟɪɟɯɨɞɢɬɶ ɨɬ ɱɚɫɨɜ ɤ ɦɢɧɭɬɚɦ ɢ ɧɚɨɛɨɪɨɬ ɧɚɠɚɬɢɟɦ ɤɧɨɩɤɢ "

"). ɇɚɫɬɪɨɣɤɢ

ɫɨɯɪɚɧɹɸɬɫɹ ɚɜɬɨɦɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɢ ɱɟɪɟɡ 4 ɫ ɩɨɫɥɟ ɧɚɠɚɬɢɹ ɩɨɫɥɟɞɧɟɣ ɤɧɨɩɤɢ. ȼ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɟ ɩɪɢɝɨɬɨɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɩɢɳɢ ɧɚ ɞɢɫɩɥɟɟ ɨɬɨɛɪɚɠɚɟɬɫɹ ɫɢɦɜɨɥ "

ɉɨ ɢɫɬɟɱɟɧɢɢ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɜɪɟɦɟɧɢ ɩɨɞɚɟɬɫɹ ɡɜɭɤɨɜɨɣ ɫɢɝɧɚɥ, ɢ ɧɚ ɞɢɫɩɥɟɟ ɧɚɱɢɧɚɟɬ ɦɢɝɚɬɶ ɢɧɞɢɤɚɬɨɪ "

". Ⱦɥɹ ɜɵɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɹ ɫɢɝɧɚɥɚ ɧɚɠɦɢɬɟ ɥɸɛɭɸ ɤɧɨɩɤɭ.

ȼɊȿɆə ɉɊɂȽɈɌɈȼɅȿɇɂə ɂ ȼɊȿɆə ɈɄɈɇɑȺɇɂə ɉɊɂȽɈɌɈȼɅȿɇɂə

Ɇɹɝɤɨ ɧɚɠɢɦɚɣɬɟ ɤɧɨɩɤɭ ɧɚɫɬɪɨɣɤɢ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɣ "

"ɞɨ ɨɬɨɛɪɚɠɟɧɢɹ ɧɚ ɞɢɫɩɥɟɟ ɫɥɨɜɚ

"dur". ɍɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɬɟ ɬɪɟɛɭɟɦɨɟ ɜɪɟɦɹ ɩɪɢɝɨɬɨɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɜ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɢ ɫ ɭɤɚɡɚɧɢɹɦɢ ɢɡ

ɩɚɪɚɝɪɚɮɚ "ȼɊȿɆə ɉɊɂȽɈɌɈȼɅȿɇɂə". ɋɧɨɜɚ ɧɚɠɢɦɚɣɬɟ ɤɧɨɩɤɭ ɧɚɫɬɪɨɣɤɢ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɣ ɞɨ ɨɬɨɛɪɚɠɟɧɢɹ ɧɚ ɞɢɫɩɥɟɟ ɫɥɨɜɚ "Stop", ɡɚɬɟɦ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɬɟ ɬɪɟɛɭɟɦɨɟ ɜɪɟɦɹ ɨɤɨɧɱɚɧɢɹ ɩɪɢɝɨɬɨɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɜ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɢ ɫ ɭɤɚɡɚɧɢɹɦɢ ɢɡ ɩɚɪɚɝɪɚɮɚ "ȼɊȿɆə

ɈɄɈɇɑȺɇɂə ɉɊɂȽɈɌɈȼɅȿɇɂə".

ɇɚ ɞɢɫɩɥɟɟ ɨɬɨɛɪɚɡɢɬɫɹ ɫɢɦɜɨɥ "A". ɉɪɢɝɨɬɨɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɩɢɳɢ ɡɚɩɭɫɬɢɬɫɹ ɜ ɦɨɦɟɧɬ, ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɣ ɪɚɡɧɨɫɬɢ ɜɪɟɦɟɧɢ ɨɤɨɧɱɚɧɢɹ ɩɪɢɝɨɬɨɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɢ ɜɪɟɦɟɧɢ ɩɪɢɝɨɬɨɜɥɟɧɢɹ. ɇɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ, ɟɫɥɢ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɨ ɜɪɟɦɹ ɨɤɨɧɱɚɧɢɹ ɩɪɢɝɨɬɨɜɥɟɧɢɹ 12:00, ɚ ɜɪɟɦɹ ɩɪɢɝɨɬɨɜɥɟɧɢɹ 1 ɱ 30 ɦɢɧ., ɬɨ ɩɟɱɶ ɧɚɱɧɟɬ ɪɚɛɨɬɭ ɜ 10:30 ɢ ɜɵɤɥɸɱɢɬɫɹ ɜ 12:00. ȼ ɬɟɱɟɧɢɟ ɜɪɟɦɟɧɢ ɡɚɞɟɪɠɤɢ ɡɚɩɭɫɤɚ ɧɚ ɞɢɫɩɥɟɟ ɨɬɨɛɪɚɠɚɸɬɫɹ ɫɢɦɜɨɥ "A" (Ⱥɜɬɨɦɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ ɪɟɠɢɦ), ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɚ ɢ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɧɚɹ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɹ ɩɪɢɝɨɬɨɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɩɢɳɢ, ɜ ɬɨ ɜɪɟɦɹ ɤɚɤ ɞɢɫɩɥɟɣ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɵ ɨɫɬɚɟɬɫɹ ɜɵɤɥɸɱɟɧɧɵɦ ɞɥɹ ɭɤɚɡɚɧɢɹ ɬɨɝɨ, ɱɬɨ ɩɟɱɶ ɜ ɞɚɧɧɵɣ ɦɨɦɟɧɬ ɧɟ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɟɬɫɹ. ɉɨ ɢɫɬɟɱɟɧɢɢ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɜɪɟɦɟɧɢ ɩɪɢɝɨɬɨɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɩɢɳɢ ɚɜɬɨɦɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɢ ɩɪɟɤɪɚɬɢɬɫɹ. ɉɪɢ ɷɬɨɦ ɩɨɞɚɟɬɫɹ ɡɜɭɤɨɜɨɣ ɫɢɝɧɚɥ, ɢ ɧɚ ɞɢɫɩɥɟɟ ɧɚɱɢɧɚɟɬ ɦɢɝɚɬɶ

ɫɢɦɜɨɥɵ "A" ɢ "

Ⱦɥɹ ɜɵɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɹ ɫɢɝɧɚɥɚ ɧɚɠɦɢɬɟ ɥɸɛɭɸ ɤɧɨɩɤɭ.

ȀȎȏșȖȤȎ Ȓșȭ ȐȩȝȓȘȎțȖȭ

Ɏɭɧɤɰɢɹ ɍɪɨɜɟɧɶ °C Ɇɢɧɭɬɵ

Ɇɹɫɧɵɟ ɢɡɞɟɥɢɹ

ɀɚɪɟɧɚɹ ɬɟɥɹɬɢɧɚ ɀɚɪɟɧɚɹ ɫɜɢɧɢɧɚ Ɏɢɥɟ

ɉɬɢɰɚ

ɀɚɪɟɧɚɹ ɤɭɪɢɰɚ Ƚɪɢɥɶ ɫ

Ʌɟɩɟɲɤɢ Ƚɨɪɹɱɢɣ ɜɨɡɞɭɯ 3/5 190 20/22 ɏɥɟɛ Ƚɨɪɹɱɢɣ ɜɨɡɞɭɯ 4 180 25/30

Ʉɨɧɞɢɬɟɪɫɤɢɟ ɢɡɞɟɥɢɹ

ɉɟɱɟɧɶɟ Ȼɢɫɤɜɢɬ Ɍɨɪɬ

Ɍɨɪɬɵ

əɛɥɨɱɧɵɣ ɩɢɪɨɝ Ƚɨɪɹɱɢɣ ɜɨɡɞɭɯ 4 190 45

ɍɤɚɡɚɧɧɵɟ ɜ ɬɚɛɥɢɰɟ ɜɟɥɢɱɢɧɵ (ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɚ ɢ ɜɪɟɦɹ ɩɪɢɝɨɬɨɜɥɟɧɢɹ) ɹɜɥɹɸɬɫɹ ɩɪɢɛɥɢ-

ɡɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɦɢ ɢ ɦɨɝɭɬ ɦɟɧɹɬɶɫɹ ɜ ɡɚɜɢɫɢɦɨɫɬɢ ɨɬ ɜɢɞɚ ɦɹɫɚ ɢ ɟɝɨ ɬɨɥɳɢɧɵ.

Ƚɨɪɹɱɢɣ ɜɨɡɞɭɯ Ƚɨɪɹɱɢɣ ɜɨɡɞɭɯ Ƚɪɢɥɶ

ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟɦ ɜɟɪɬɟɥɚ

Ƚɨɪɹɱɢɣ ɜɨɡɞɭɯ Ƚɨɪɹɱɢɣ ɜɨɡɞɭɯ Ƚɨɪɹɱɢɣ ɜɨɡɞɭɯ

4 4 5

2 230 85/90

3/5 4 4

190 190 230

200 150 160

130 130 6+6

15 20 25

Ɉɩɢɫɚɧɢɟ ɩɪɢɧɚɞɥɟɠɧɨɫɬɟɣ

A = Ɋɟɲɟɬɤɚ B = Ƚɥɭɛɨɤɢɣ ɩɪɨɬɢɜɟɧɶ ɞɥɹ ɫɛɨɪɚ ɫɨɤɚ

ɢɥɢ ɤɚɩɚɸɳɟɝɨ ɠɢɪɚ D = Ʉɨɦɩɥɟɤɬ ɞɥɹ ɜɵɩɟɤɚɧɢɹ ɧɚ ɝɪɢɥɟ

ɉɪɢɦɟɱɚɧɢɟ: Ɋɟɲɟɬɤɭ ɢ ɩɪɨɬɢɜɟɧɶ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨ ɭɫɬɚ-

Ɋɢɫ. 4

ɧɚɜɥɢɜɚɬɶ ɜ ɝɨɪɢɡɨɧɬɚɥɶɧɵɟ ɩɚɡɵ ɧɚ ɜɧɭɬɪɟɧɧɢɯ ɫɬɟɧɤɚɯ ɞɭɯɨɜɨɝɨ ɲɤɚɮɚ. Ɋɟɲɟɬɤɚ ɭɫɬɚɧɚɜɥɢɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɩɪɢɩɨɞɧɹɬɨɣ ɱɚɫɬɶɸ ɤ ɡɚɞɧɟɣ ɫɬɟɧɤɟ ɞɭɯɨɜɨɝɨ ɲɤɚɮɚ (ɪɢɫ. 4).

Ɋɟɲɟɬɤɚ

Ƚɥɭɛɨɤɢɣ ɩɪɨɬɢɜɟɧɶ ɞɥɹ ɫɛɨɪɚ ɫɨɤɚ ɢɥɢ ɤɚɩɚɸɳɟɝɨ ɠɢɪɚ

ǼȣșȎȔȒȎȬȧȖȗ ȐȓțȠȖșȭȠȜȞ

ɇɟɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɦɨɞɟɥɢ ɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɵ ɬɚɧɝɟɧɰɢɚɥɶɧɵɦ ɨɯ-

ɥɚɠɞɚɸɳɢɦ ɜɟɧɬɢɥɹɬɨɪɨɦ

ȼɟɪɬɟɥ (ɨɩɰɢɹ)

ȼɟɪɬɟɥ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɧɟɨɛɹɡɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɩɪɢɧɚɞɥɟɠɧɨɫɬɶɸ, ɞɨɫɬɭɩɧɨɣ ɜ ɧɟɤɨɬɨɪɵɯ ɦɨɞɟɥɹɯ. ɐɟɧɬɪɚɥɶɧɵɣ ɝɪɢɥɶ - ɫɦɨɬɪɢ ɪɢɫ. 5. Ⱦɢɚɝɨɧɚɥɶɧɵɣ ɝɪɢɥɶ - ɫɦɨɬɪɢ ɪɢɫ. 5A.

ǶȟȝȜșȪȕȜȐȎțȖȓ ȐȓȞȠȓșȎ

ɇɚɧɢɠɢɬɟ ɤɭɪɢɰɭ ɢɥɢ ɤɭɫɨɱɤɢ ɦɹɫɚ ɞɥɹ

ɠɚɪɤɢ ɧɚ ɧɢɠɧɢɣ ɜɟɪɬɟɥ L, ɭɛɟɞɢɬɟɫɶ ɜ

ɬɨɦ, ɱɬɨ ɩɪɨɞɭɤɬɵ ɧɚɞɟɠɧɨ ɡɚɤɪɟɩɥɟɧɵ

ɦɟɠɞɭ ɞɜɭɦɹ ɡɚɠɢɦɚɦɢ F (ɪɢɫ. 5).

ɉɨɥɨɠɢɬɟ ɜɟɪɬɟɥ ɧɚ ɩɨɞɫɬɚɜɤɭ G ɉɨɦɟɫɬɢɬɟ ɩɨɞɫɬɚɜɤɭ G ɩɨɥɧɨɫɬɶɸ ɜ ɞɭɯɨ-

ɜɨɣ ɲɤɚɮ.

Ɋɢɫ. 5 Ɋɢɫ. 5Ⱥ

Ɂɚɤɪɟɩɢɬɟ ɤɨɧɟɰ ɜɟɪɬɟɥɚ ɜ ɦɭɮɬɟ ɦɨɬɨɪɚ

M ɧɚ ɡɚɞɧɟɣ ɫɬɟɧɤɟ ɞɭɯɨɜɨɝɨ ɲɤɚɮɚ

ɉɨɦɟɫɬɢɬɟ ɝɥɭɛɨɤɢɣ ɩɪɨɬɢɜɟɧɶ ɫ ɧɟɛɨɥɶ-

ɲɢɦ ɤɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɨɦ ɜɨɞɵ ɜ ɫɚɦɵɣ ɧɢɡ ɞɭɯɨ-

ɜɨɝɨ ɲɤɚɮɚ. Ɂɚɤɪɨɣɬɟ ɞɜɟɪɰɭ ɞɭɯɨɜɨɝɨ ɲɤɚɮɚ. ɉɨɜɟɪɧɢɬɟ ɪɭɱɤɭ ɜ ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɟ Ƚɪɢɥɶ

(

ɬɨɝɨ, ɱɬɨɛɵ ɩɪɢɜɟɫɬɢ ɜ ɞɜɢɠɟɧɢɟ ɦɨɬɨɪ

ɝɪɢɥɹ.

Ⱦɥɹ ɬɨɝɨ, ɱɬɨɛɵ ɢɡɜɥɟɱɶ ɝɪɢɥɶ, ɩɨɬɹɧɢɬɟ

ɡɚ ɩɨɞɫɬɚɜɤɭ G. ɉɨɥɶɡɭɣɬɟɫɶ ɤɭɯɨɧɧɨɣ

ɩɪɢɯɜɚɬɤɨɣ

ɜ ɡɚɜɢɫɢɦɨɫɬɢ ɨɬ ɦɨɞɟɥɢ) ɞɥɹ

ɑɢɫɬɤɚ ɢ ɭɯɨɞ

ɉɟɪɟɞ ɬɟɦ ɤɚɤ ɧɚɱɚɬɶ ɱɢɫɬɤɭ, ɩɨɞɨɠɞɢɬɟ,

ɩɨɤɚ ɩɪɢɛɨɪ ɩɨɥɧɨɫɬɶɸ ɧɟ ɨɫɬɵɧɟɬ.

Ɉɬɤɥɸɱɢɬɟ ɟɝɨɨɬɢɫɬɨɱɧɢɤɚɩɢɬɚɧɢɹ,ɥɢɛɨ, ɜɵɬɚɳɢɜ ɜɢɥɤɭ ɢɡ ɪɨɡɟɬɤɢ, ɥɢɛɨ ɨɬɤɥɸɱɢɜ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɷɧɟɪɝɢɸ ɜ ɫɟɬɢ ɩɟɪɟɦɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɬɨɤɚ.

ɉɪɢɦɟɱɚɧɢɟ: ɇɟ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɣɬɟ ɩɚɪɨɨɱɢɫ- ɬɢɬɟɥɢ ɞɥɹ ɱɢɫɬɤɢ ɞɭɯɨɜɨɝɨ ɲɤɚɮɚ.

ɗɦɚɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɟ, ɯɪɨɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɟ ɢ ɨɤɪɚɲɟɧɧɵɟ ɱɚɫɬɢ ɩɪɢɛɨɪɚ ɦɨɣɬɟ ɬɟɩɥɨɣ ɜɨɞɨɣ ɫ ɦɵɥɨɦ ɢɥɢ ɧɟɪɚɡɴɟɞɚɸɳɢɦ ɳɢɦ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɨɦ.

Ⱦɥɹ ɱɢɫɬɤɢ ɱɚɫɬɟɣ ɢɡ ɧɟɪɠɚɜɟɸɳɟɣ ɫɬɚɥɢ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɣɬɟ ɢɦɟɸɳɢɟɫɹ ɜ ɩɪɨɞɚɠɟ ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɶɧɵɟ ɱɢɫɬɹɳɢɟ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɚ ɫ ɦɟɬɢɥɨɜɵɦ ɫɩɢɪɬɨɦ.

Ⱦɥɹ ɱɢɫɬɤɢ ɚɥɸɦɢɧɢɟɜɵɯ ɱɚɫɬɟɣ ɢɥɢ ɭɝɥɨɜ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɣɬɟ ɜɚɬɭ ɢɥɢ ɦɹɝɤɭɸ ɬɤɚɧɶ, ɨɛɦɚɤɧɭɜ ɟɟ ɜ ɜɚɡɟɥɢɧ ɢɥɢ ɪɚɫɬɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɟ ɦɚɫɥɨ. ɉɨɫɥɟ ɱɢɫɬɤɢ ɩɪɨɣɞɢɬɟɫɶ ɩɨ ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɹɦ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɨɦ ɫ ɦɟɬɢɥɨɜɵɦ ɫɩɢɪɬɨɦ.

ɇɢɤɨɝɞɚ ɜɨɝɨ ɲɤɚɮɚ ɚɛɪɚɡɢɜɧɵɟ ɢɥɢ ɪɚɡɴɟɞɚɸɳɢɟ ɦɨɸɳɢɟ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɚ, ɨɬɛɟɥɢɜɚɬɟɥɢ ɢɥɢ ɤɢɫɥɨɬɭ.

ɇɟ ɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɣɬɟ ɪɚɡɴɟɞɚɸɳɢɟ ɢɥɢ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɳɢɟ ɤɢɫɥɨɬɭ ɜɟɳɟɫɬɜɚ (ɧɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ, ɥɢɦɨɧɧɭɸ ɤɢɫɥɨɬɭ, ɭɤɫɭɫ ɢ ɬ.ɞ.) ɧɚ ɷɦɚɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɯ, ɨɤɪɚɲɟɧɧɵɯ ɢɥɢ ɱɚɫɬɹɯ ɢɡ ɧɟɪɠɚɜɟɸɳɟɣ ɫɬɚɥɢ.

ɧɟ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɣɬɟ ɞɥɹ ɱɢɫɬɤɢ ɞɭɯɨ-

ɠɢɞɤɢɦ ɦɨɸ-

ǿțȭȠȖȓ ȒȐȓȞȤȩ ȒȡȣȜȐȜȑȜ ȦȘȎȢȎ

Ⱦɥɹ ɨɛɥɟɝɱɟɧɢɹ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɚ ɱɢɫɬɤɢ ɞɜɟɪɰɭ ɞɭɯɨɜɨɝɨ ɲɤɚɮɚ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɫɧɹɬɶ ɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɢɦ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɦ:

1) Ɉɬɤɪɨɣɬɟ ɞɜɟɪɰɭ ɧɚɩɨɥɨɜɢɧɭ ɢ ɫɧɢɦɢɬɟ

ɮɢɤɫɚɬɨɪɵ ɫɬɟɤɥɚ A, ɩɪɨɮɢɥɶ B (ɤɚɤ ɩɨɤɚɡɚɧɨ ɧɚ ɪɢɫ. 11) ɢɫɬɟɤɥɨ C, ɤɚɤ ɩɨɤɚɡɚɧɨ ɧɚ ɪɢɫ. 11 A.

2) ɉɨɥɧɨɫɬɶɸ ɨɬɤɪɨɣɬɟ ɞɜɟɪɰɭ ɞɭɯɨɜɨɝɨ

ɲɤɚɮɚ.

3) ɉɨɜɟɪɧɢɬɟ ɞɜɟɪɧɵɟ ɤɪɸɤɢ “A” ɧɚɪɭɠɭ ɞɨ

ɳɟɥɱɤɚ (ɫɦ. ɪɢɫ. 11B).

4) Ɇɟɞɥɟɧɧɨ ɡɚɤɪɵɜɚɣɬɟ ɞɜɟɪɰɭ ɞɭɯɨɜɨɝɨ

ɲɤɚɮɚ

, ɩɨɤɚ ɨɧɚ ɧɟ ɫɨɩɪɢɤɨɫɧɟɬɫɹ ɫ ɤɪɸɤɚɦɢ “A”, ɭɛɟɞɢɬɟɫɶ, ɱɬɨ ɨɧɢ ɩɪɨɱɧɨ ɡɚɤɪɟɩɥɟɧɵ ɜ ɩɚɡɚɯ ɞɜɟɪɰɵ ɞɭɯɨɜɨɝɨ ɲɤɚɮɚ B, ɤɚɤ ɩɨɤɚɡɚɧɨ ɧɚ ɪɢɫ. 11C.

5) Ɉɛɟɢɦɢ ɪɭɤɚɦɢ ɫɥɟɝɤɚ ɬɨɥɤɧɢɬɟ ɞɜɟɪɰɭ ɞɭɯɨɜɨɝɨ ɲɤɚɮɚ ɜɧɭɬɪɶ, ɱɬɨɛɵ ɞɜɟɪɧɵɟ ɤɪɸɤɢ “C” ɜɵɲɥɢ ɢɡ ɩɚɡɨɜ “D” (ɫɦ. ɪɢɫ. 11D) ɢ ɩɨɬɹɧɢɬɟ ɞɜɟɪɰɭ ɧɚ ɫɟɛɹ, ɩɨɤɚ ɧɟ ɜɵɬɚɳɢɬɟ ɟɟ ɢɡ

ɉɨɫɥɟ ɱɢɫɬɤɢ ɜɫɬɚɜɶɬɟ ɞɜɟɪɰɭ ɧɚ ɦɟɫɬɨ, ɩɨɜɬɨɪɢɜ ɜɵɲɟɭɤɚɡɚɧɧɵɟ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɹ ɜ ɨɛɪɚɬɧɨɦ ɩɨɪɹɞɤɟ ɢ ɩɨɜɟɪɧɭɜ ɞɜɟɪɧɵɟ ɤɪɸɤɢ Ⱥ ɜɧɭɬɪɶ ɞɨ ɳɟɥɱɤɚ, ɩɪɟɠɞɟ ɱɟɦ ɡɚɤɪɨɟɬɟ ɞɜɟɪɰɭ ɞɭɯɨɜɨɝɨ ɲɤɚɮɚ (ɪɢɫ. 11E).

ɞɭɯɨɜɨɝɨ ɲɤɚɮɚ.

Ɋɢɫ. 11

Ɋɢɫ. 11A

Ɋɢɫ. 11B Ɋɢɫ. 11C

ȼɇɂɆȺɇɂȿ:

ɇɟ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɣɬɟ ɝɪɭɛɵɟ ɢɥɢ ɚɛɪɚɡɢɜɧɵɟ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɵ, ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɨɫɬɪɵɟ ɦɟɬɚɥɥɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɫɤɪɟɛɤɢ ɞɥɹ ɱɢɫɬɤɢ ɫɬɟɤɥɹɧɧɨɣ ɞɜɟɪɰɵ ɞɭɯɨɜɨɝɨ ɲɤɚɮɚ, ɬɚɤ ɤɚɤ ɨɧɢ ɦɨɝɭɬ ɩɨɰɚɪɚɩɚɬɶ ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɶ ɢ ɜ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɟ ɫɬɟɤɥɨ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɪɚɡɛɢɬɶɫɹ.

Ɋɢɫ. 11D Ɋɢɫ. 11E

ȁȟȠȎțȜȐȘȎ ȒȐȓȞȤȩ, ȜȠȘȞȩȐȎȬȧȓȗȟȭ ȐȏȜȘ.

ɉɨɦɧɢɬɟ: ɇɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɨɬɤɪɵɜɚɧɢɹ ɞɜɟɪ-

ɰɵ (ɜɩɪɚɜɨ ɢɥɢ ɜɥɟɜɨ) ɦɨɠɟɬ ɛɵɬɶ ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɨ.

ɉɪɟɞɭɩɪɟɠɞɟɧɢɟ: ɞɚɧɧɚɹ ɨɩɟɪɚɰɢɹ ɞɨɥɠ- ɧɚ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɹɬɶɫɹ ɤɜɚɥɢɮɢɰɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɦ ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɢɫɬɨɦ ɜɨ ɜɪɟɦɹ ɫɛɨɪɤɢ.

1) Ɉɬɤɪɨɣɬɟ ɞɜɟɪɰɭ ɞɭɯɨɜɨɝɨ ɲɤɚɮɚ ɢ ɨɬɜɟɪ-

ɧɢɬɟ ɞɜɚ ɜɢɧɬɚ ɜ ɞɟɬɚɥɢ A (ɫɦ. ɪɢɫɭɧɨɤ 12). (ɉɨɦɧɢɬɟ: ɤɨɝɞɚ ɞɟɬɚɥɶ A ɨɬɜɢɧɱɟɧɚ, ɞɧɨ

Ɋɢɫ. 12

ɞɜɟɪɰɵ ɩɨɥɧɨɫɬɶɸ ɨɫɜɨɛɨɠɞɚɟɬɫɹ. Ɍɚɤɢɦ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɦ, ɞɥɹ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɟɧɢɹ ɞɚɧɧɨɣ ɨɩɟɪɚ ɰɢɢ ɬɪɟɛɭɟɬɫɹ ɞɜɚ ɱɟɥɨɜɟɤɚ: ɨɞɢɧ ɞɨɥɠɟɧ ɤɪɟɩɤɨ ɞɟɪɠɚɬɶ ɞɜɟɪɰɭ, ɜ ɬɨ ɜɪɟɦɹ ɤɚɤ ɜɬɨɪɨɣ ɨɬɤɪɭɱɢɜɚɟɬ ɜɢɧɬɵ).

2) ɉɨɫɬɚɜɶɬɟ ɞɜɟɪɰɭ ɞɭɯɨɜɨɝɨ ɲɤɚɮɚ ɧɚ ɧɭɠɧɭɸ ɫɬɨɪɨɧɭ, ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɣɬɟ ɧɨɜɭɸ ɞɟɬɚɥɶ A (ɧɚɯɨɞɢɬɫɹ ɜ ɚɤɫɟɫɫɭɚɪɚɯ, ɩɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɦɵɯ ɫ ɩɪɢɛɨɪɨɦ) ɢ ɩɨɜɬɨɪɢɬɟ ɜɵɲɟɭɤɚɡɚɧɧɵɟ ɢɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɢ ɜ ɨɛɪɚɬɧɨɦ ɩɨɪɹɞɤɟ.

ǽȜȒȟȐȓȠȘȎ ȒȡȣȜȐȜȑȜ ȦȘȎȢȎ

(ɜ ɡɚɜɢɫɢɦɨɫɬɢ ɨɬ ɦɨɞɟɥɢ) ɪɢɫ. 13-14.

Ⱦɥɹ ɞɭɯɨɜɨɝɨ ɲɤɚɮɚ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɚ ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɶɧɚɹ ɥɚɦɩɨɱɤɚ, ɭɫɬɨɣɱɢɜɚɹ ɤ ɜɵɫɨɤɢɦ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɚɦ. Ɂɚɦɟɧɹɟɬɫɹ ɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɢɦ ɨɛ-

Ɋɢɫ. 13 Ɋɢɫ. 14

ȼɚɠɧɨ: ɟɫɥɢ ɞɭɯɨɜɨɣ ɲɤɚɮ ɛɨɥɶɲɟ ɧɟ ɛɭɞɟɬ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶɫɹ, ɟɝɨ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨ ɩɪɢɜɟɫɬɢ ɜ ɧɟɪɚɛɨɱɟɟ ɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɟ, ɜɵɬɚɳɢɜ ɢɡ ɩɪɢɛɨɪɚ ɤɚɛɟɥɶ ɩɨɫɥɟ ɨɬɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɹ ɟɝɨ ɨɬ ɢɫɬɨɱɧɢɤɚ ɩɢɬɚɧɢɹ ɞɥɹ ɬɨɝɨ, ɱɬɨɛɵ ɧɟ ɞɨɩɭɫɬɢɬɶ ɜɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɹ ɩɪɢɛɨɪɚ ɞɟɬɶɦɢ.

ɪɚɡɨɦ: ɨɬɤɥɸɱɢɬɟ ɞɭɯɨɜɨɣ ɲɤɚɮ ɨɬ ɢɫɬɨɱɧɢɤɚ ɩɢɬɚɧɢɹ, ɥɢɛɨ, ɜɵɧɶɬɟ ɜɢɥɤɭ ɢɡ ɪɨɡɟɬɤɢ, ɥɢɛɨ ɨɬɤɥɸɱɢɬɟ ɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɟ; ɜɵɬɚɳɢɬɟ ɡɚɳɢɬɧɨɟ ɫɬɟɤɥɨ (A) ɢ ɡɚɦɟɧɢɬɟ ɩɟɪɟɝɨɪɟɜɲɭɸ ɥɚɦɩɨɱɤɭ ɧɨɜɨɣ ɬɚɤɨɝɨ ɠɟ ɬɢɩɚ. ȼɫɬɚɜɶɬɟ ɧɚ ɦɟɫɬɨ

ɡɚɳɢɬɧɨɟ ɫɬɟɤɥɨ.

ДУХОВКА С САМООЧИЩАЮЩИМИСЯ ПАНЕЛЯМИ

В некоторых моделях боковые стенки духовки покрыты особыми пористыми панелями, которые при нормальном температурном режиме приготовления преобразуют жир в незначительный налет. Этот налет следует удалять влажной губкой, после того как духовка остынет. Это следует делать, чтобы пористая поверхность не забилась, и ее очищающее действие оставалось максимально эффективным. Самоочищающиеся панели и держатели противней могут легко сниматься. Держатели противней укреплены на трех стержнях.

(16 - 17 - 18 - 19).

Ɋɢɫ. 16

Ɋɢɫ. 18

Ɋɢɫ. 17

Ɋɢɫ. 19

GENERAL WARNINGS

Waste packsging

Do not throw the packaging of your appliance into the dustbin, but pick out the different materials (e.g. foil, paperboard, polystyrene) according to the local rules for rubbish elimination.

This appliance complies with the following Community Directives:

- 2006/95 EEC "Low Voltage"

2004/108

- EEC "Electromagnetic disturbances"

- 89/109 EEC "Materials in contact with foods"

Read carefully all the instructions contained in this booklet. It provides you with important information regarding the safe installation, use and maintenance of the appliance as well as useful advice for getting the best out of your oven. Keep this booklet in a safe place for future reference.

The manufacturer reserves the right to make modifications that may be necessary and useful, without prejudicing essential safety and working features.

After removing the packing, check that the appliance is not damaged in any way. Be careful not to leave the packing materials (plastic sheeting, expanded polystyrene etc.) where children can get at them, as they can be dangerous.

IMPORTANT: do not use the oven door handle to move the appliance, such as to remove it from the packaging.

IMPORTANT

This appliance must be used exclusively for cooking food and not for any other purpose. Any other use of the appliance (such as heating a room) is improper and therefore dangerous. The manufacturer will not accept responsibility for any damage caused by the improper and unreasonable use of the appliance. There are certain basic rules which must be observed when using any electrical appliance, i.e.:

- disconnect the appliance from the electric mains supply before carrying out any cleaning or maintenance operation.

- never try to remove a plug from the mains supply socket by pulling on the cable

- never touch an appliance if your hands or feet are wet or damp

- never operate an appliance if you are barefoot

- in case of negligent use near the oven door hinges, you could hurt your hands

- if the appliance breaks down and/or does not work properly, switch off and do not tamper with it. All repairs should be carried out only by an approved service agent. You should insist that only original spare parts are used. Failure to follow the above advice can affect the safety of your appliance.

Make sure that the oven is on the closed mode (off) when the appliance is not in use.

Keep from sitting and put heavy objects on the oven door when it is open. When in use the appliance becomes very hot. Do not touch the heated elements inside the oven.

The appliance must not be used by people (including children) with limited physical, sensory or mental abilities, or without experience or expertise, unless they have received instructions for using it from those responsible for their safety. Young children should be supervised to ensure they not play with the appliance.

The manufacturer reserves the right to make modifications that may be necessary and useful, without prejudicing essential safety and working features. The manufacturer can not be considered responsible for possible damages arising from a wrong installation or incorrect use of the appliance.

After-sales service and spare parts

In the event of malfunction, do not attempt to repair the appliance yourself. Repairs carried out by unqualified individuals may cause damage and accidents. The first thing to do is to consult this user handbook. If you cannot find the information required, contact your nearest after-sales service. Any work on the appliance must be carried out by an authorized service centre. Always insist on the use of original spare parts.

TECHNICAL FEATURES

OVEN OVEN

ELEMENT POWER

Working sizes (mm) LxPxH 595x538x593 Static oven (kW) 2,1

Oven capacity (l) 60 lt Fan oven (kW) 2,1

Grill (kW) 2,4

Supply voltage (see data plate on the appliance)

INSTALLATION

After removing the appliance from the packaging, make sure that it is undamaged and that the electrical lead is in perfect condition. Otherwise, contact your dealer before putting the appliance into operation.

IMPORTANT Be careful not to leave the packing materials (plastic sheeting, expanded polystyrene etc.) where children can get at them, as they can be dangerous.

Installation should be carried out according to the instructions by a professionally qualified

person. The manufacturer declines all responsibility for any damage to persons, animals or things due to a wrong installation.

INSTALLING THE APPLIANCE

For the most efficient air circulation, the oven should be fitted according to the dimensions shown in fig. 2.

FITTING THE APPLIANCE

Fit the appliance into its surround (beneath a work-top or above another appliance) by inserting screws into the 2 holes that can be seen in the frame of the oven when the door is open (fig. 2).

IMPORTANT

The panels of the adjoining furniture should be heat resistant. Particularly when the adjoining furniture is made of veneered wood, the adhesives should be able to withstand a temperature of 100°C. Plastic materials or adhesive which cannot withstand this temperature will become deformed or unstuck. To comply with safety regulations, once the appliance has been fitted it should not be possible to make contact with the electrical parts. All parts which offer protection should be fixed in such a way that they cannot be removed without the use of a tool.

fig. 2

screw

Screws fitting

ELECTRICAL CONNECTION

Electric connection has to be done according to rules and law provisions in force. Before doing the connection, check the following:

- The electric power and sockets are suitable to maximum power of the oven. (See data plate on the appliance).

- WARNING: THIS APPLIANCE MUST BE EARTHED. The appliances electrical safety can only be guaranteed when it has been correctly connected to a properly earthed power supply, as laid down in the regulations for electrical safety. Important: the manufacturer cannot be held responsible for any damage to persons or objects due to the lack of an earth connection.

- Never use reducers, adaptors or branches for connections.

CONNECTING OF SUPPLY CABLE

If apparatus is not fitted with feeding cable, use cable Mod. H05RR-F 3 x 1.5 sq. mm. stating suitable section of the cable which has to be connected to terminal. To obtain that you have to:

- Connect the supply cable to the terminal strip of the oven (fig. 3), keeping the earth wire 3 cm. longer than the active conductors (live/neutral) .

- Connect cables wires as follows:

L = (live) brown or red wire N = (neutral) blue wire = (earth) yellow - green wire.

N.B. supplys cable temperature should never reach a temperature 50°C above the room temperature in any point.

Connection to normal socket

Connect feeding cable a normal plug suitable to the load stated on data plate. When the cooker has been built-in household check that the plug is accesible.

Direct connection to electric supply

If an appliance is not equipped with supply cable and plug, disconnect switch in which the distance between contacts permits total disconnection in accordance with overvoltage category III, as required by installation regulations.

The yellow/green earth wire should not be controlled by the switch.

the power supply must be fitted with a

fig. 3

ATTENTION: If the supply cable is damaged, it must be replaced by the manufacturer or by his aftersales service, or by a similar qualified person, in order to prevent any risk.

HOW TO COOK

At the first use of the oven, its normal to smeel the protective oils used in manufacture burning off. Leave oven on maximum setting for approximately one hour before use.

N.B. Before carryng out cleaning, disconnect the appliance from electrical supply.

At the end of the initial heating, let the oven cool down and clean the inside with detergent and warm water. Before using, wash all grid accessories, baking-pan and trays.

General information and use precautions

The oven must be used with the door closed.

- Always hold the handle in the middle, to open the oven door.

- When you open the oven door, beware hot vapour.

- Use protective gloves to insert or to extract containers from the oven.

- Use containers resistant to the temperatures indicated on the thermostat knob.

- After use of the oven, be sure that all controls are in the close (off) position.

- Never roast or bake on the oven base.

PANEL CONTROL

Selector

for

cooking functions.

Fig. 4

Display

-Clock

-electronic programmer

-cooking mode

-oven temperature.

Knob

-oven temperature regulation

-clock regulation

-electronic programmer regulation.

COOKING FUNCTIONS

temperature indicator

cooking

Fig. 4A

indicator

NOTE:

The oven selector knob (fig.4) can be used to select the following functions. Note: the functions selected and the oven temperature will appear on the display (see fig. 4A).

Cooking

indicators

Temp. °C

min 40

max 260

50 ÷ 200

50 ÷ 260

Warning : the oven must be used with the door closed. To change the oven temperature, turn the selector to the symbol to increase, or to to lower the temperature.

Oven light

Turn the control knob to this position to switch on the oven light, which will remain lit throughout the following functions.

Defrosting with fan

Ambient temperature air is distributed inside the oven to defrost food more quickly without protein adulteration.

(Pre-set value 40 °C).

Medium grill

Selecting this function switches on the central upper heating element for direct radiation of heat over food This function must be used between 50 to 200°C (Pre-set value 200 °C).

Large grill

Selecting this function switches on the two upper heating elements for direct radiation of heat over food. This function must be used between 50 to 200°C. (Pre-set value 200 °C).

Natural convection

Both the lower and upper heating elements operate together. This is the traditional cooking, very good for roasting joints, ideal for biscuits, baked apples and crisping food. You obtain very good results when cooking on a shelf adjusting the temperature

from 50 to 260 °C (pre-set value 180 °C).

Fan oven

Both the fan and the circular heating element operate together. The hot air adjustable between 50 and 260 °C is evenly distributed inside the oven. This is ideal for cooking several types of food (meat, fish) at the same time without affecting taste and smell. It is indicated for delicate pastries. (Pre-set value 170 °C).

50 ÷ 260

50 ÷ 200

50 ÷ 260

Fan-assisted natural convection

Both the top and bottom elements are on, as is the fan. This is the conventional cooking method, excellent for a variety of foods. It produces good results for cooking on one level -- ideal for biscuits, cakes and canapés -- with the temperature adjustable from 50 to 260°C.

(Pre-set value 185 °C).

Fan assisted total grill

The air which is heated by the grill heating element is circulated by the fan and so helps to distribute the heat. The fan assisted grill replaces perfectly the turnspit. You can obtain very good results also with large quantities of poultry, sausage, red meat.

This function must be used between 50 to 200°C.

(Pre-set value 200 °C).

Lower heating element

This function is particularly indicated for cooking from the bottom, warming up food or sterilizing glass jars. It is also indicated for food requiring long and slow cookings, i.e. casserole. This function can be used between 50 and 260 °C. (Pre-set value 220 °C).

INSTRUCTIONS FOR USE OF CONTROL DEVICES (display LCD)

Minute minder

Clock

Start of cooking

Cooking time

End of cooking

Fig. 4B

Defrosting

Turnspit

Key lock

SETTING THE TIME OF DAY

When the oven is first connected to the power supply, the display shows 00.00 and the led indicator   flashes. To set the desired time, turn the knob (fig. 4B) clockwise to the symbol   or anticlockwise to the symbol   depending on whether you wish to increase or decrease the time. To confirm the time set, press the knob or wait for 5 seconds.

Important: unless this operation is performed, it will not be possible to set the ovens cooking functions. Note: if you wish to set the time of day later, press the selector knob (fig. 4B) until the time indicator

  flashes and then proceed as described above. After setting, the timer is set to operate in manual mode.

MINUTE MINDER

Press the selector (fig.4B) until the minute minder indicator   flashes, then set the desired cooking time by turning the knob clockwise to the symbol   or anticlockwise to the symbol   depending on whether you wish to increase or decrease the time. To confirm the time set, press the knob or wait for 5 seconds. The display will show the set time and the indicator   will remain lit. At the end of the set time, an acoustic signal sounds and the indicator   flashes. Press the selector knob (fig.4B) to stop the acoustic signal.

COOKING TIME Important: cooking time can only be set if the cooking function selector knob (fig.4) is turned to a

cooking position! Bear in mind, furthermore, that is the cooking function selector knob is turned to zero during a cooking programme, the entered setting will be cancelled! Setting: press the selector knob (fig.4B) until the symbol   flashes. Set the desired cooking time by turning the knob clockwise to the symbol   or anticlockwise to the symbol   depending on whether you wish to increase or decrease the time. To confirm the set time, press the selector knob (fig. 4B) or wait for five seconds. The display will show the symbol   with the set time and the symbol   with the time at which the oven will switch off. Start of cooking is indicated by the symbol  , which lights up on the display. At the end of the set time the oven switches off automatically, an acoustic signal sounds and the indicator   flashes. Press the selector knob (fig.4B) to stop the acoustic signal and turn the function selector (fig.4) to zero to exit cooking time setting.

COOKING END TIME Important: cooking end time can only be set if the cooking function selector knob (fig.4) is turned to

a cooking position! Bear in mind, furthermore, that is the cooking function selector knob is turned to zero during a cooking programme, the entered setting will be cancelled! Setting: press the selector knob (fig.4B) until the symbol   flashes. Set the cooking end time by turning the knob clockwise to the symbol   or anticlockwise to the symbol   depending on whether you wish to increase or decrease the time. To confirm the set time, press the selector knob (fig.4B) or wait for five seconds. The display will show the symbol   with the set cooking end time and the symbol   with the cooking time. Start of cooking is indicated by the symbol   , which lights up on the display. At the end of the set time the oven switches off automatically, an acoustic signal sounds and the indicator   flashes. Press the selector knob (fig.4B) to stop the acoustic signal and turn the function selector (fig.4) to zero to exit cooking end time setting.

COOKING TIME AND COOKING END TIME

Press the selector (fig.4B) until the symbol   flashes. Set the desired cooking time as described at COOKING TIME. Press the selector knob (fig.4B) until the symbol   flashes. Set the desired cooking end time as described in the paragraph COOKING END TIME. The oven will begin cooking based on the calculation of cooking end time minus cooking time. For example, if cooking end time is set at 12.00 and a cooking time of 1.30h is set, the oven will begin cooking at 10.30 and will switch off at 12.00. Start of cooking is indicated by the symbol   , which lights up on the display. At the end of the set time the oven switches off automatically, an acoustic signal sounds and the indicator   flashes. Press the selector knob (fig.4B) to stop the acoustic signal and turn the function selector (fig.4) to zero to exit cooking time and cooking end time setting.

CANCELLING PROGRAMMES

Programmes can be cancelled at any time by re-selecting the previously selected functions and turning the selector knob (fig.4B) anticlockwise to the symbol zero   , resetting the time to zero.

SETTING THE KEY LOCK

If you activate the key lock, the timer can no longer be used to set the time or programmes. Neither the time of day nor an elapsing minute minder nor an active cooking programme can be modified. However, the set functions will operate accurately. Proceed as follows to activate the key lock: Press the selector knob (fig.4B) until the symbol   flashes. To confirm, turn the selector knob anticlockwise to the symbol   for about 3 seconds. Only the acoustic signal emitted at the end of a cooking programme can be stopped, no other functions can be changed. To deactivate the key lock, turn the selector knob (fig.4B) anticlockwise to the symbol   for around 3 seconds. On the display, the   indicator for the key lock function switches off.

ADJUSTING THE DISPLAY BRIGHTNESS

The brightness of the display can be adjusted between 4 different brightness settings by turning the selector knob (fig.4B) anticlockwise to the symbol   or clockwise to the symbol  . Note: adjustment can be made only when the function selector (fig.4) is set to zero.

PANEL CONTROL (touch control model )

678

Fig. 5

1234 5

1 = oven temperature regulation.

2 = Oven on

clock regulation - electronic programmer regulation.

3 = 4 = selector functions programmer.

5 = cooking function programmer. 6 = temperature indicator. 7 = Display programmer. 8 = cooking indicator.

The display flashes on 12:00 when the oven is connected to the power supply and all oven functions, including switching on, will be active only after setting the day and time or after lightly touching the button twice.

Turning the oven on and off

Press the button .

On will appear on the display and the ovens internal light will come after two seconds. If no cooking function is set within the following minute, the oven sets itself to OFF automatically. To switch off the oven during cooking, lightly touch the button.

Controls lock.

Every time the oven is turned off,

or when a programmed cooking function is active, the controls lock is automatically activated (child safety). When the lock is active the lock symbol appears on the temperature display. seconds; then switch on the oven again by touching the button.

To use the oven, the lock must be released by pressing the button for several

The lock can be activated even

while the oven is in use by pressing the button for a few seconds.

The following cooking functions can be set by using the programmer (Fig. 5):

Note: the functions selected and the oven temperature will appear on the display (see fig. 5).

NOTE: The oven has a special "fast preheat" function (circular heating element + fan) which is automatically activated when an oven cooking function is selected. It is deactivated when the oven reaches the set temperature, leaving the selected cooking function to continue. Oven preheating is not activated for the defrost, medium grill and large grill functions.

Cooking

indicators

Pr 01

Temp. °C

min 40

max 260

dEF

40 ÷ 60

Warning : the oven must be used with the door closed.

Note: gently press the keys (sensors) to increase or decrease the oven temperature.

Oven light

The ovens internal light comes on automatically when the oven is turned on and remains on during other functions for about 2 minutes. To turn the light back on whilst cooking, touch the buttons (sensors) + or -. NOTE: The light will stay on for about 40 seconds.

Defrosting with fan

Ambient temperature air is distributed inside the oven to defrost food more quickly without protein adulteration.

NOTE: It is possible to turn on the ovenfs bottom heating element by varying the temperature between 40 and 60 °C if you want to speed up the defrosting process.

Pr 02

Pr 03

Pr 04

Pr 05

Pr 06

Pr 07

Pr 08

Pr 09

Pr 10

Pr 11

Pr 12

50 ÷ 200

50 ÷ 260

50 ÷ 200

50 ÷ 260

Medium grill (turnspit according to the model ).

Selecting this function switches on the central upper heating element for direct radiation of heat over food. This function must be used between 50 to 200°C. (Pre-set value 200 °C).

Large grill (turnspit according to the model ).

Selecting this function switches on the two upper heating elements for direct radiation of heat over food. This function must be used between 50 to 200°C. (Pre-set value 200 °C).

Medium Fan-assisted Grill

The air warmed up by the grill element (medium) is pumped by the fan which then conveys it onto the food. This function guarantees good results with poultry, sausages and red meat. This function must be used between 50 to 200°C. (Pre-set value 200°C).

Fan assisted total grill

Natural convection

Fan oven

Fan-assisted natural convection

Fan with lower heating element

The air warmed up by the lower heating element is pumped by the fan which then conveys it onto the food at a temperature of between 50 and 260°C. This function is good for sterilising foods (pre-set value 220°C).

Turning on the ovens top heating element.

It can be used to reheat cooked food by placing the oven rack on the second level from the top, or to defrost bread, pizza or pasta by placing the oven rack on the first level from the bottom . This function works at temperatures of between 50 and 260°C. (Pre-set value 220°C).

Fan with top heating element

The air warmed up by the top heating element is pumped by the fan which then conveys it onto the food at a temperature of between 50 and 260°C. (Pre-set value 220°C).

Fan oven (energy saving function)

The fan and circular heating element are on at the same time. Hot air (temperature of between 50 and 260 °C) is conveyed uniformly on all levels. This function is ideal for cooking different types of food (meat or fish) for a long time. (Pre-set value 170 °C).

This function must be used between 50 to 200°C.

(pre-set value 180 °C).

(Pre-set value 185 °C).

INSTRUCTIONS FOR USE OF CONTROL DEVICES (touch control model)

Display programmer

bELL

dur

End

hour

Minute minder

Cooking time

End of cooking

Clock

Take off time

Add time

Function setting

Programmer function

Oven on

SETTING THE CLOCK

The display flashes on 12:00 when the oven is connected to the power supply. Press the button (for about 4 seconds) until the wording "Hour" appears on the display. To set the correct time, gently press the " " or " " keys (sensors), depending on whether you want to go up or down and after 4 seconds set the minutes.

Your settings will be stored 4 seconds after the last button was pressed. Note: if you wish to set the time at a later stage, press the " " button for 4 seconds and then proceed as described above. The clock setting function is only allowed when the oven is not in use.

TIMER

Skim over the "  function selector until "Bell", together with the symbol of a bell, appear on the display. The default time "90" will come on after 2 seconds. It can be changed by using the buttons " " and " " up to a maximum time of 180 minutes . Your settings will be stored 4 seconds after the last button was pressed. When the set time is up, a buzzer sounds and the bell symbol flashes. Touch any of the buttons to silence it.

COOKING TIME

Switch on the oven. Gently press the " " function selector repeatedly until "dur" appears on the display. The default time "90" will come on after 2 seconds. It can be changed by using the " " and " " buttons up to a maximum time of 180 minutes. Your settings will be stored 4 seconds after the last button was pressed.

The " " symbol appears on the display when the cooking starts. When the set time is up, the oven will switch off automatically, the alarm will sound and the " " indicator will flash.

Touch any of the buttons to silence it.

STOP COOKING

Switch on the oven.

Gently press the " " function selector repeatedly until "End" appears on the display.

The stop cooking default time will appear on the display (equal to a time between the correct time +

default time). It can be changed by using the " " and " " buttons up to a maximum of 23 hours

and 59 minutes.

(Note: when setting cooking time, to move quickly from the hour to the minutes and vice versa, lightly

touch the button).

Your settings will be stored 4 seconds after the last button was pressed. The " " symbol appears on the display when the cooking starts. When the set time is up, the oven will switch off automatically, the alarm will sound and the " " indicator will flash. Touch any of the buttons to silence it.

COOKING TIME AND STOP

Gently press the function selector repeatedly until "dur" appears on the display.

Set the desired cooking time as described in the paragraph COOKING TIME. Gently press the selector again until Stop appears on the display and set the stop cooking time as described in the paragraph STOP COOKING. A will appear on the display .

Cooking will start at a time calculated as the time of cooking stop minus the cooking time.

E.g.: if the cooking stop time is set for 12.00 and the cooking time is set as 1.30hr, the oven will come

on at 10.30am and will switch off at 12.00. A (automatic), the temperature and the previously set cooking function will all be shown on the display during the delayed start phase, whilst the temperature bar will remain switched off to indicate that the oven is currently not in use. When the set time is up, the oven will automatically switch off. The " A" and " " symbols will flash and the bell will sound. Touch any of the buttons to silence it.

Oven cooking chart

Function Level °C Minutes

Meats

Roast veal Fan oven 4 190 130 Roast pork Fan oven 4 190 130 Filet Grill 260 230 6 + 6

Poultry

Roast chicken Grill per gir. 260 230 85/90

Scones Fan oven 3/5 190 20/22 Bread Fan oven 4 180 25/30 Pastres

Biscuits Fan oven 3/5 200 15 Sponge cake Fan oven 4 150 50 Small cake Fan oven 4 160 25

Cakes

Apple-pie Fan oven 4 190 45

The values shown (temperatures and cooking times) are approximate and may vary depending on the type of meat and its thickness.

DESCRIPTIONS OF ACCESSORIES

Oven accessories

AB C

front part

A = wire shelves B = Drip dray (optional) D = Grill pan set

NOTE: Install the grids, by placing them on the horizontal slides inside the oven wall. The raised part of the grid must be in face of the oven rear wall

(fig. 6).

fig. 6

COOLING MOTOR

Some models are equipped with tangential cooling motor.

TURNSPIT (optional)

The turnspit is an optional available only in some models.

Centrale turnspit see figure. 6A. Diagonal turnspit see figure. 6B.

Use of the turnspit .

- Thread the chicken or the cubes of meat for roasting on below spit L, ensuring that it is gripped safely between the two forks F (fig. 6A

- 6B).

- Put the spit on support G, .

- Put support G completely into the oven.

- Fit the end of the spit into the motor M at the back of the oven

- Place the oven tray with a little water on the lowest shelf of the oven.

- Close the oven door.

- Turn the knob to position grill ( - -

according to the models) to start up the motor.

- When removing the spit, wear oven mitts and pull out support G.

fig. 6A

fig. 6B

CLEANING AND MAINTENANCE

Wait until the appliance has cooled down before attempting to clean it. Disconnect it from the power supply, either by pulling the plug out or switching off the power supply at the mains. NOTE: Do not use steam cleaners to clean the oven. Clean enamelled, chromed or painted parts with warm water and soap, or non-corrosive liquid detergent. Clean stainless steel parts using methylated spirit of a suitable commercially produced solution. Clean aluminium panels or edges with cotton wool or with a cloth soaked in vaseline or a seed-based oil. Clean and then go over it with methylated spirit. Never use abrasives, corrosive detergents, bleaches or acids for cleaning the oven. Do not leave corrosive or acidic substances (lemon juice, vinegar, etc.) on enamelled, painted or stainless steel parts.

Removal of oven door

To make cleaning easier, remove the oven door as follows:

1) open the door halfway and remove the glass stoppers A, the profile B (as shown in fig. 7) and the glass C, as shown in fig. 7A.

2) open the oven door completely. 3 ) flip the hinge hooks "A" outwards (see fig. 7B).

4) shut the oven door slowly until it reaches hooks "A", making sure these are locked into slots "B" of the oven door, as shown in fig. 7C.

5) Using both hands, push the oven door lightly inwards, toenable the door hinges "C" to come away from the slots "D" (see fig. 7D) and pull the door towards you until it is released from the oven. After cleaning it, reposition it correctly following the abovesteps in the reverse order and flipping hooks "A" inwardsbefore you shut the oven door (fig. 7E).

Fig. 7

Fig. 7A

Fig. 7B

CAUTION:

Do not use rough or abrasive materials or sharp metal scrapers to clean the glass doors of the oven since they may scratch the surface and cause the glass to break.

Fig. 17C

Fig. 7D

Fig. 7E

Side opening door. N.B.: The doors opening direction (right-hand or left-hand) can be changed. Warning: this operation must be carried out by skilled staff during assembly.

1) Open the oven door and undo the two screws in the block A (see figure 8). (N.B.: when block A is unscrewed, the bottom of the door is left completely free. Two people are therefore needed for this operation, one to hold the door firmly while the screws are undone).

2) Reassemble the door on the required side of the oven, use the new block A (accessory supplied with the appliance) and reverse the above instructions.

Fig. 8

Oven light (depending on model) fig. 9 - 10.

The oven bulb is a special kind which is resistant to high temperatures. Replace it as follows: disconnect the oven from the power supply by removing the plug or switching off the power supply at the mains; remove the protective glass (A) and replace the burnt-out bulb with one of the same type. Replace the protective glass.

T300°C

Fig. 9 Fig. 10

Important: if the oven is no longer to be used, it should be made inoperable by cutting the power supply cable, after unplugging it from the power supply. Disused appliances can be a safety risk as children often play with them. For this reason it is advisable to make the oven safe.

Self-cleaning panels

If the oven is fitted with self-cleaning panels, at normal cooking temperatures the catalytic enamel helps transform grease splashes into a light dust. This dust can be removed with a damp sponge when the oven has cooled down. This helps keep the surface of the enamel porous and ensures maximum cleaning efficiency. The self-cleaning panels and the shelves frame are very easy to remove (see fig. 12 - 13 - 14 - 15).

Fig. 12 Fig. 13

Fig. 14

Fig. 15

538816 - 0411

Korting OKB 993 CMX User Manual [ru]

Specifications and Main Features

Frequently Asked Questions

User Manual