Knauer AZURA P 2.1S, AZURA P 4.1S Instructions For Use Manual

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Pump P 2.1S/P 4.1S

Instructions

Document No. V6870

HPLC

Note: For your own safety, read the instructions and observe the

warnings and safety information on the device and in the instructions. Keep the instructions for future reference.

Telephone: +49 30 809727-111 (9-17h, Central European Time) Fax: +49 30 8015010 E-Mail: support@knauer.net Languages: German and English

KNAUER Wissenschaftliche Geräte GmbH Hegauer Weg 38 14163 Berlin Telephone: +49 30 809727-0 Fax: +49 30 8015010 Internet: www.knauer.net E-Mail: info@knauer.net

Article number: V6870 Version number: 5.0 Last update: 10/08/2018 Translation of the original edition The information in this document

is subject to change without prior notice. For latest version of the instructions, check our website:

https://www.knauer.net/en/Support/User-Manuals

For the printed version of our instructions, we use environmentally friendly paper from sustainable forests.

This document contains conﬁdential information and may not be reproduced without written content of KNAUER Wissenschaftliche Geräte GmbH.

AZURA® is a registered trademark of KNAUER Wissenschaftliche Geräte GmbH.

Note for BlueShadow products:

The content of this instruction is transferable to the BlueShadow product. The article numbers for BlueShadow are available on request.

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Table of contents

1. Product information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1

1.1 Device overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1

1.2 Intended use . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1

1.3 Views . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1

1.3.1 Front view. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1

1.3.2 Rear view . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2

1.4 Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2

1.4.1 Performance overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2

1.4.2 Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2

1.5 Pump heads . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

2. Scope of delivery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

3. Basic safety instructions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

3.1 Target group. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

3.2 Safety equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4

3.3 What does the user have to consider? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4

3.4 Where is use of the device prohibited? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

3.5 Taking the device safely out of operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

3.6 Opening the device . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

3.7 Warnings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

3.8 Decontamination. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

4. Symbols and signs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

5. Unpacking and setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

5.1 Preparations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

5.1.1 Location requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

5.2 Power supply . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7

5.2.1 Conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7

5.2.2 Power plug . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7

5.3 Unpacking the device . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7

5.3.1 Removing transport protection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

5.4 Connecting the eluent line to the pump head . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

5.5 Ports on the rear side . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

5.5.1 Pin header connectors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

5.5.2 Connecting cables to the pin header . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

5.5.3 Ground. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11

5.6 Connecting the device to a computer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11

5.6.1 Conﬁguring the LAN settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12

5.6.2 Connect devices to the LAN. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12

5.6.3 Conﬁguring the router. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13

5.6.4 Integrating the LAN into the company network . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13

5.6.5 Controlling several systems separately in the LAN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13

5.6.6 Firmware Wizard: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14

5.6.6.1 Firmware Wizard: Assign static IP address . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14

5.6.6.2 Firmware Wizard: Assign dynamic IP address . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14

6. Initial startup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

6.1 Switching on the pump. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

6.2 Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16

6.2.1 Controlling via keyboard at the device . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16

6.2.2 Menu Structure. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17

6.2.2.1 Setting the Flow Rate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17

6.2.2.2 Adjusting pressure turn-o (only P 4.1S) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18

6.2.2.3 Setting the shutdown threshold . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18

6.2.2.4 Flushing the pistons . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19

6.2.3 Choosing pump head . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20

6.2.4 Flushing the pump . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20

6.2.5 Software. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21

6.2.5.1 Via Local Area Network (LAN) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21

6.2.5.2 Via RS-232 port . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21

6.2.5.3 Control commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21

6.2.5.4 Activating the analog control (prior to ﬁrmware version 1.37) . . . . . . . 23

6.2.5.5 Adjusting the analog control (prior to ﬁrmware version 1.37) . . . . . . . 23

6.2.5.6 Controlling the ﬂow rate analog . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24

6.2.5.7 Starting with a short-circuit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24

6.2.5.8 Starting directly after connection to power supply . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25

6.3 Switching o the pump. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25

7. Functionality tests . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .25

8. Troubleshooting. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .26

8.1 L AN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26

8.2 Possible problems and solutions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27

9. Maintenance and care. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .29

9.1 Maintenance contract . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29

9.2 Cleaning and caring for the device. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29

9.3 Which type of maintenance tasks may users perform on the device?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29

9.3.1 Pump head. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29

9.3.1.1 Torque values . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29

9.3.1.2 Removing the pump head . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30

9.3.1.3 Installing the pump head . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30

9.3.2 Check valves . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31

9.3.1 Removing the check valves . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31

9.3.2 Cleaning the check valves . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31

9.3.3 Installing the check valves . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31

10. Technical data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32

10.1 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32

10.2 Communication. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33

10.3 Technical parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33

10.4 Dimensions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34

11. Chemical compatibility of wetted materials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .35

11.1 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35

11.2 Plastics. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35

11.2.1 Polyetheretherketone (PEEK): . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35

11.2.2 Polyethylene terephthalate (PET, outdated PETP) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35

11.2.3 Polyimide (Vespel®): . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36

11.2.4 Ethylene-tetraﬂuorethylene copolymer (ETFC, Tefzel®): . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36

11.2.5 Perﬂuorethylenpropylen-Copolymer (FEP), Perﬂuoralkoxy-Polymer (PFA) . . 36

11.2.6 Polyoxymethylene (POM, POM-H-TF): . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36

11.2.7 Polyphenylene sulﬁde (PPS) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36

11.2.8 Polytetraﬂuorethylene (PTFE, Teﬂon®): . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36

11.2.9 Systec AF™: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36

11.2.10 Polychlortriﬂuorethylene (PCTFE, Kel-F®): . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36

11.2.11 Fluorinated rubber (FKM): . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37

11.2.12 Perﬂuorinated rubber (FKM): . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37

11.3 Non-metals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37

11.3.1 Diamond-like carbon (DLC) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37

11.3.2 Ceramic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37

11.3.3 Alumina (Al2O3) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37

11.3.4 Zirconium oxide (ZrO2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37

11.3.5 Sapphire . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37

11. 3.6 Ruby . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37

11.3.7 Mineral wool . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37

11.3.8 Glass, glass ﬁbre, quartz, quartz glass: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38

11.4 Metals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38

11.4.1 Stainless steel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38

11.4.2 Hastelloy®-C: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38

11.4.3 Titanium, titanium alloy (TiA16V4): . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38

11.5 Repeat orders. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38

11.6 Accessories . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38

11.7 Device variants . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39

11.8 Available pump heads. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .40

12. Legal information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .40

12.1 Transport damage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40

12.2 Warranty conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40

12.3 Declaration of conformity. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41

12.3.1 AVV-Marking Germany . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41

12.3.2 WEEE-Registration number . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41

12.3.3 Eluents and other operating materials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41

13. Abbreviations and terminology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42

14. Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .43

AZURA® Pump P 2.1S/P 4.1S Instructions V6870

1.1 Device overview

The HPLC pumps P4.1S/ P2.1S with pump heads can be used as feed pumps or dosing pumps in analytical or preparative applications. Pumps transport solvents or dissolved samples through the HPLC system.

1.2 Intended use

Note: Only use the device for applications that fall within the range of

the intended use. Otherwise, the protective and safety equipment of the device could fail.

The device can be used in the following areas:

 Biochemical analyses  Food analysis  Pharmaceutical analysis  Environmental analysis

 Chemical analysis  Dosing applications

1.3 Views

1.3.1 Front view

Legend

1 Display 2 Keypad 3 Pump Head 4 Pressure sensor

Fig. 1 Pump 2.1S with 10 ml

pump head

Fig. 2 P 4.1S with 10 ml pump

head

1. Product information

Operating ranges

Product information

AZURA® Pump P 2.1S/P 4.1S Instructions V6870

1.3.2 Rear view

Legend

1 Fan 2 CE mark

3 Serial number 4 Interface RS-232 5 LAN connection 6 Pin header for

remote control

7 Power connection

- bushing

8 Hole for the ground

connection

Fig. 3 Pump, rear view

1.4 Features

 Analytical pump head with a ﬂow rate range from 0.001 – 9.999 ml/min

and a pressure of up to 400 bar

 Analytical pump head with a ﬂow rate range from 0.01 – 50 ml/min and

a pressure of up to 150 bar  Dual-piston technology for constant ﬂow rates  Setting a limit for minimum and maximum pressure to protect the HPLC

columns and to avoid a dry run of the pump (only P 4.1S)  Emergency stop, independent from control with chromatography soft-

ware  The pump can be controlled with the keypad in standalone mode or

with the chromatography software.  The pump heads can be easily removed and replaced via four front-ac-

cessible screws by the user.  Unlike the pump P 2.1S, pump P 4.1S is equipped with a pressure sen-

sor.

1.4.1 Performance overview

 Liquid transport with stable ﬂow rate and high ﬂow accuracy

 Long service life  Pump head made of stainless steel or with Hastelloy-C or ceramic inlays  Piston backﬂushing  High physical and chemical stability  Flexible control with LAN connection, RS-232 interface, and analog

control signals  Control with chromatography software

1.4.2 Options

A pump in combination with another pump can be used optionally to set up a binary high pressure gradient system.

Product information

AZURA® Pump P 2.1S/P 4.1S Instructions V6870

Scope of delivery 3

1.5 Pump heads

Pump head for use in analytical applications:

 Stainless steel with stainless steel inlays for standard applications

 Stainless steel with stainless steel inlays and sapphire pistons for water

applications  Stainless steel with ceramic inlays for biocompatible applications  Stainless steel with Hastelloy-C inlays for corrosive media  Dierent pump head sizes: 10 ml or 50 ml

The front of the pump head is labeled with the max. pumping capacity (10 ml or 50 ml). Pump heads with inlays are additionally labeled with the respective material (SST for stainless steel, Ti for titanium, C for ceramic, HC for Hastelloy-C).

Legend

1 Flow rate 2 Material

Fig. 4 Pump head with inlays

Note: Only use spare parts and accessories made by KNAUER or a

company authorized by KNAUER.

 24V power adapter with power cable  Instructions (German/English)  AZURA accessories kit  P 2.1S/P 4.1S accessories kit  Declaration of conformity

3.1 Target group

The document is intended for people who have completed at least a training as a chemical laboratory assistant or a comparable training path..

 Fundamental knowledge of liquid chromatography  Knowledge regarding substances that are suitable only to a limited

extent for use in liquid chromatography

2. Scope of delivery

3. Basic safety instructions

The following knowl-

edge is required:

AZURA® Pump P 2.1S/P 4.1S Instructions V6870

4 Basic safety instructions

 Knowledge regarding the health risks of chemicals  Participation during an installation of a device or a training by the com-

pany KNAUER or an authorized company.

If you do not belong to this or a comparable professional group, you must under no circumstances carry out the work described in this operating manual. In this case, please contact your superior.

3.2 Safety equipment

When working with the device, take measures according to lab regulations and wear protective clothing:

 Safety glasses with side protection  Protective gloves  Lab coat

3.3 What does the user have to consider?

 All safety instructions.  The environmental, installation and connection speciﬁcations  When working with solvents, make sure the room is well-ventilated.  National and international regulations pertaining to laboratory work  Original spare parts, tools, and eluents made or recommended by

KNAUER  Good Laboratory Practice (GLP)  Accident prevention regulations of the accident health insurance com-

panies for laboratory activities.  Filtration of substances under analysis  Use of inline ﬁlters  No used capillaries elsewhere in the chromatographic

insert system  Only use a given PEEK ﬁtting for one speciﬁc port and never re-use it

for other ports. Always install new PEEK ﬁttings on each separate port.  Follow KNAUER or manufacturer's instructions on caring for the col-

umns

Other important topics for your security are listed alphabetically in the following list:

 Flammability: Organic eluents are highly ﬂammable. Since capillaries

can detach from their screw ﬁttings and allow eluent to escape, it is

prohibited to have any open ﬂames near the analytical system.  Solvent tray: Risk of electrical shock or short circuit if liquids get into

the device's interior. Therefore always use a bottle tray.  Eluent lines: Install capillaries and hoses in such a way that liquids can-

not get into the interior in case of a leak.  Leaks: Regularly check if any system components are leaking.  Auto-ignition: Only use eluents that have an auto-ignition temperature

of more than 150 ° C under normal room condition.  Power strip: If several devices are connected to one power strip, always

consider the maximum power consumption of each device.  Power supply: Only connect devices to voltage sources, whose voltage

equals the device's voltage.

AZURA® Pump P 2.1S/P 4.1S Instructions V6870

Basic safety instructions 5

 Toxicity: Organic eluents are toxic above a certain concentration. En-

sure that work areas are always well-ventilated! Wear protective gloves and safety glasses when working on the device!

 Supply cable: Damaged supply cables must not be used to connect the

devices to the power supply.

3.4 Where is use of the device prohibited?

Never use the system in potentially explosive atmospheres without appropriate protective equipment. For more information, contact KNAUER Technical Customer Support.

3.5 Taking the device safely out of operation

The device can be taken out of operation completely at any time by turning o the power switch of the power supply or disconnecting the supply connection.

3.6 Opening the device

Only have the device opened by a KNAUER Technical Customer Service representative or a KNAUER authorized company.

3.7 Warnings

Possible dangers that can arise from a device are classiﬁed into personal injury or damage to property.

DANGER (red) indicates a high degree of risk. If not followed, will result in death or serious injury.

WARNING (orange) indicates the average degree of risk. Failure to do so may result in death or serious injury.

CAUTION (yellow) indicates a low risk level of the hazard. Failure to do so may result in minor or moderate injury.

NOTICE (blue) indicates features that are not related to injury.

3.8 Decontamination

Contamination of devices with toxic, infectious or radioactive substances poses a hazard for all persons during operation, repair, sale, and disposal of a device.

All contaminated devices must be properly decontaminated by a specialist company or the operating company before they can be recommissioned, repaired, sold, or disposed of. All materials or ﬂuids used for decontamination must be collected separately and disposed of properly.

Life-threatening injuries

Health danger if getting in contact with toxic, infectious or radio-active substances.

 Before disposing of the device or sending it away for repair, you are

required to decontaminate the device in a technically correct manner.

AZURA® Pump P 2.1S/P 4.1S Instructions V6870

6 Symbols and signs

Devices that reach KNAUER without a service request form (decontamination report) will not be repaired. If you return a device to KNAUER, you must enclose the completed service request form:

www.knauer.net/Dokumente/service/VFM-SBS-EN.pdf.

The following table explains symbols and labels which are used on the device, in the software or in the instruction:

Symbol Meaning

Device fulﬁlls therequirements of the Conformité Européenne, which is conﬁrmed by the Declaration of Conformity.

High-voltage hazard

Electrostatic-discharge hazard

Testing seals in Canada and the USA at nationally recognized testing centers (NRTL). The certiﬁed device or system has successfully passed the quality and security tests.

Notes provide useful tips and valuable information.

5.1 Preparations

5.1.1 Location requirements

Note: The intended use be ensured only if the requirements for ambient

conditions of the operating environment are met. You will ﬁnd the ambient conditions under Technical data “Technische Daten” on page 32.

Device defect

The device overheats at exposure to sunlight and insucient air circulation. Device failures are very likely.

 Set up the device in such a way that it is protected against exposure

to direct sunlight.

 Leave room for air circulation: See paragraph „space requirements“.

 Position the device on a level surface.  Protect the device against direct exposure to sunlight.

Decontamination report

4. Symbols and signs

5. Unpacking and setup

General requirements

AZURA® Pump P 2.1S/P 4.1S Instructions V6870

Symbols and signs 7

 Set up the device at a location not exposed to air drafts such as air

conditioning systems.  Protect the device from strong draft.  Do not set up the device near to machines that cause ﬂoor vibrations.  Keep the the devices away from high frequency sources. High-frequen-

cy sources may compromise measuring values.

 At least 5 cm, if there is another device on one side.  At least 10 cm, if there are devices set up on both sides.  At least 15 cm to the cooler fan on the rear.

5.2 Power supply

For power supply, use the supplied power cable and power adapter to meet the speciﬁcations which are described in the chapter Technical Data. But inspect the provided power cable beforehand to ensure that it is approved for your country. Replace defective power cables only with accessories from KNAUER. Detachable power cables are not allowed to be replaced with other cable types.

5.2.1 Conditions

 The electrical power supply at the installation site must be connected

directly to the nearest main power line.  The power must be free from ripple, residual current, voltage peaks

and electromagnetic interference.  The connectors for the mains voltage are grounded accordingly.  The device receives sucient power with reserve capacity

5.2.2 Power plug

 The power adapter is intended for use with AC power networks of

100 – 240 V.  Make sure that the power plug on the rear of the device is always ac-

cessible, so that the device can be disconnected from the supply.

Note: The nominal capacity of the connected devices must be maximum

50 % of the power supply to account for larger inrush currents when switching on the modules.

5.3 Unpacking the device

 Check the carton for damage caused during transportation.  Utility knife

Space requirements

Electronic defect

Electronic hazard when using an identically constructed power adapter

from another manufacturer.

Only use spare parts and accessories from KNAUER or a company authorized by KNAUER.

Prerequisites

Tools

Bruising danger

Damage to the device by carrying or lifting it on protruding housing parts. The device may fall and thus cause injuries.

Lift the device only centrally on the side of the housing.

AZURA® Pump P 2.1S/P 4.1S Instructions V6870

8 Symbols and signs

Process

1. Set-up the package in such a way that you can read the label.

2. Using the utility knife, cut the adhesive tape and open the pack-

aging.

3. Lift the foam padding. Take out the accessories kit and the manu-

al.

4. Open the accessories kit and check the scope of delivery. In case

any parts are missing, contact the Technical Support.

5. Clasp the device from below, lift it out of the packaging and

place it on its feet. Do not hold onto the front cover.

6. Check the device for signs of damage that occurred during

transport. In case any parts are missing, contact the Technical Support.

7. Set up the device at the operation site. Lift the foam padding.

Store packaging and keep the included packing list for repeat orders.

5.3.1 Removing transport protection

Foam parts are inserted between the ends of the pump capillaries and the housing

1 as transport protection to prevent damages of the paintwork

during transportation. After setting up the device, the foam parts can be removed. In case of a new transport or storage, the foam parts should be

inserted between the capillaries and the device.

Legend

1 Foam padding

Fig. 5 Transport protection between the ends of the pump capillaries

and the housing

5.4 Connecting the eluent line to the pump head

 The device has been switched o.

 The power plug has been pulled.

 Flangeless ﬁtting

 Flat seal

Next steps

Prerequisites

Tools

Device defect

Damage to pump head, device or system when inlet and outlet of the

pump head are blocked.

Remove the cap ﬁ ttings from the inlet and outlet of the pump head prior to use.

AZURA® Pump P 2.1S/P 4.1S Instructions V6870

Symbols and signs 9

Procedure Process Figure

1. Stick the tube

4 through the

nut

2. Stick the tube through the seal ring

2. The narrow end must

point away from the nut.

3. Stick the cutting ring

1 onto

the tube.

Fig. 6 Tube with nut, seal ring

and cutting ring

4. Insert the tubing into the free inlet

5on the bottom of the

pump head.

5. Tighten the ﬁtting by hand.

Fig. 7 Solvent line on pump

head

Integrate the pump into the HPLC ﬂow system.

5.5 Ports on the rear side

External devices like a computer can be connected to the pump in 3 dierent ways:

Legend

1 Fan 2 CE mark

3 Serial number 4 Interface RS-232 5 LAN connection 6 Pin header for

remote control

7 Power connection

- bushing

8 Hole for the ground

connection

Fig. 8 Pump, rear view

 Via the pin header for remote control

 via LAN connector 5 within a network  Connected to RS232

4, alternately to LAN connection

Next steps

External devices

AZURA® Pump P 2.1S/P 4.1S Instructions V6870

10 Symbols and signs

5.5.1 Pin header connectors

Contact Explanation

GROUND Reference point of the voltage at the signal inputs.

START IN TTL-compatible input

 Min. 10 mA  Low-active

At stand alone, RS-232 or LAN control stops the motor at a short circuit contact between START IN and GROUND.

At analog control, the motor starts at a short circuit contact between START IN and GROUND. In addition, pump delivery is automatically started after switching on.

This contact can not be used as a trigger to start the data acquisition of a chromatography software.

ERROR IN/OUT TTL-compatible input

 min. 10 mA  Low-active

These contacts output an error signal and can receive one. The pump can thus be stopped by the error signal (ERROR-IN) or ensure that a second device is stopped by an error signal that is output at the ERROR-OUT.

ANALOG IN Flow rate is controlled through external control

voltage (0–10 V).

ANALOG OUT Analog output signal for reproducing the mea-

sured system pressure (0–1 V).

5.5.2 Connecting cables to the pin header

To control one device through another, you use the pin header. To use remote control, you have to connect cables to the pin header. The single ports are used to exchange control signals.

 The device has been switched on.  The power plug has been pulled.  Depressor tool

Prerequisites

Tools

Electronic defect

Connecting cables to the multi-pin connector of a switched on device cau ses a short circuit.

Turn o the device before connecting cables.

Pull the power plug.

Electronic defect

Electrostatic discharge can destroy the electronics.

Wear a protective bracelet against electrostatic discharge and ground.

AZURA® Pump P 2.1S/P 4.1S Instructions V6870

Symbols and signs 11

1. Insert the depressor tool 3in an upper small opening at the front of the pin header 1.

2. Insert the cable into the opening

2 underneath the inserted depres-

sor tool.

3. Pull out the depressor tool.

Check whether the cables are tightly attached. Press the pin header onto the plug. Finish the installation. Afterwards take the device into operation.

5.5.3 Ground

The ground connection for the pump has a designated hole with a thread M3 on the back of the device.

 If the supplied power adapter is used, then the ground connection

remains unused.

 Please contact the technical service department of the manufacturer, if

the pump along with other devices should be connected to the power supply with a 6-prong power adapter; a pump needs to be grounded exclusively.

5.6 Connecting the device to a computer

Note: HPLC devices from KNAUER only work with IP addresses, which

have been assigned by IPv4. IPv6 is not supported.

This chapter describes how to set up a chromatography system in a local area network (LAN) and how a network administrator can integrate this LAN into your company network. The description applies to the operating system Windows® and all conventional routers.

To set up a LAN, we recommend to use a router. That means the following steps are required:

1. On the computer, go to the control panel and check the LAN properties.

2. Hook up the router to the devices and the computer.

3. Set up the router for the computer network.

Procedure

Next steps

Electronic defect

Electronic hazard when using an identically constructed power adapter from another manufacturer.

Only use spare parts and accessories from KNAUER or a company authorized by KNAUER.

Process

AZURA® Pump P 2.1S/P 4.1S Instructions V6870

12 Symbols and signs

4. Install the chromatography software.

5. Switch on the device and run the chromatography software.

5.6.1 Conﬁguring the LAN settings

The LAN uses only one server (which is normally the router) from that the devices automatically receive their IP address.

 In

Windows®, power saving, hibernation, standby, and screen saver

must be deactived.

 In case you use an USB-to-COM box, the option "Allow the computer to

turn off ths device to save power" in the devicemanager must be deactivated for all USB hosts.

 Applies to all LAN devices: Disable the setting for the network adapter

in Device Manager “Allow the computer to turn off this device to save power”.

1. In Windows: Open Network and Sharing Center.

2. Double-click on LAN Connection.

3. Click on the button Properties.

4. Select Internet Protocol version 4 (TCP/IPv4).

5. Click on the button Properties.

6. Check the settings in the tab General. The correct settings for the

DHCP client are: a) Obtain an IP address automatically) b) Obtain DNS server address automatically

7. Click on the button OK.

5.6.2 Connect devices to the LAN

A router 3 has several LAN ports 2 and one WAN port 4 that can be used to integrate the LAN into a wide area network (WAN), e.g. a company network or the Internet. In contrast, the LAN ports serve to set up a network from devices

1 and a computer 5. To avoid interference, we

recommend operating the chromatography system separately from the company network.

You will ﬁnd patch cables for each device and the router in the accessories kit. To connect the router to a WAN, an additional patch cable is required, which is not supplied within the scope of delivery.

 The computer has been switched o.

 There is a patch cable for each device and the computer.

1. Use the patch cable to connect the router and the computer. Repeat this step to connect all devices.

Prerequisites

Procedure

1 2

Prerequisites

Procedure

AZURA® Pump P 2.1S/P 4.1S Instructions V6870

Symbols and signs 13

2. Use the power supply to connect the router to the mains power system.

5.6.3 Conﬁguring the router

The router is preset at the factory. For IP address, user name, and password information, refer to the router instruction:

http://bit.ly/KNAUER_PC-Hardware_EN.

1. To open the router conﬁguration, start your Internet browser and enter the IP address (not for all routers).

2. Enter user name and password.

3. Conﬁgure the router as DHCP server.

4. In the router conﬁguration, check the IP address range and make

changes if necessary.

Note: If the IP address range has been changed, it is necessary to note

this information down on the router.

Once the router has assigned IP addresses to all devices, the chromatography software can be used to remotely control the system.

5.6.4 Integrating the LAN into the company network

A network administrator can integrate the LAN into your company network. In this case you use the WAN port of the router.

 There is a patch cable for the connection.

1. Check that the IP address range of the router and of the company network do not overlap.

2. In case of an overlap, change the IP address range of the router.

3. Use the patch cable to connect the router WAN port to the company

network.

4. Restart all devices, including the computer.

5.6.5 Controlling several systems separately in the LAN

Devices connected to a LAN communicate through ports, which are part of the IP address. If more than one chromatography systems are connected to the same LAN and you plan on controlling them separately, you can use dierent ports to avoid interference. Therefore, the port number for each device must be changed and this same number must be entered into the device conﬁguration of the chromatography software. We recommend to use the same port number for all devices in the same system.

Note: The port is set to 10001 at the factory. You must use the same num-

bers in the device conﬁguration of the chromatography software as in the device, otherwise the connection fails.

1. Find out port number and change it on the device.

2. Enter the port number in the chromatography software.

The connection is established.

Note: Assign a ﬁxed IP address.

Note: Check the IT security standards for your lab before you interfere

with the LAN settings.

Procedure

Result

Prerequisites

Procedure

Result

AZURA® Pump P 2.1S/P 4.1S Instructions V6870

14 Symbols and signs

5.6.6 Firmware Wizard:

Changing LAN settings by entering the serial number requires that the device has been found by Firmware Wizard after browsing.

Changing LAN settings by MAC address does not require that the device has been found after browsing. The IP address can be part of another network.

5.6.6.1 Firmware Wizard: Assign static IP address

 The device has been switched on.  Mobile Control has been installed and started.  The connection between Mobile Control and the device has been

established.

1. In the Firmware Wizard click on <Reset LAN Settings....>.

2. The <Device connection settings> window opens. In the text box

1enter the serial number of the de-

vice. The serial number and the MAC address are noted on the back of the device.

3. Choose the option <Use the following IP address>

4. Enter the IP-Address in the text box <IP Address>

5. If necessary, customize the subnet mask and gateway

6. Press the button <Reset Conn. Settings>

5to apply the change.

7. Restart the device.

The device can now be rached via the static IP address.

5.6.6.2 Firmware Wizard: Assign dynamic IP address

 The device has been switched on.  Mobile Control has been installed and started.  The connection between Mobile Control and the device has been

established.

1. In the Firmware Wizard click on <Reset LAN Settings....>.

2. The <Device connection settings> window opens. In the text box

1enter the serial number of the de-

vice. The serial number and the MAC address are noted on the back of the device.

3. Choose the option <Obtain an IP address automatically>.

4. Press the button <Reset Conn. Settings>

5to apply the change.

Prerequisites

Procedure

Result

Prerequisites

Procedure

AZURA® Pump P 2.1S/P 4.1S Instructions V6870

Initial startup 15

5. Restart the device.

The device can now be reached via the static IP address.

Note: It is mandatory to perform a running-in procedure after a pump

head maintenance, or if new pump heads are installed on a pump.

If a pump was not in operation for a long time, e.g. after shipment, a running-in procedure might be necessary to obtain the best pump performance. The pump head underwent this procedure during the manufacturing process.

If the pump is performing within speciﬁcation, or during intensive operation, it is not necessary to perform this procedure.

6.1 Switching on the pump

 At analog control, the contact between GROUND and START IN has to

be closed to start the pump.

Component defect

Possible damage to the pump head due to dry running.

Make sure that solvent ﬂ ows through the pump head and piston

backﬂ ushing.

1. Connect the power adapter to the power supply.

2. Connect the pump with plug from the external power adapter.

3. Switch on the power adapter.

4. Wait until the pump has completed the self-test.

 After the device has been switched on, the display shows pump and

the ﬁrmware version. The device performs a self-test. After all tests have

Result

6. Initial startup

Component defect

Damage to the pump head in case running-in procedure was not performed correctly.

 Set the correct backpressure and fl owrate for the running-in procedu-

re of the pump head. Specifi

c running-in parameters and the general procedure can be found in the supplement „Running-in procedure for

pump heads (V6894)“.

Device defect

If the pump is operated only with pure distilled water, signiﬁcantly higher wear of the piston and the piston seals can be expected.

If possible, only operate the pump with water together with the added additive or modiﬁ er.

Prerequisites

Procedure

Result

AZURA® Pump P 2.1S/P 4.1S Instructions V6870

16 Initial startup

been successfully completed, the status of the pump with its current ﬂow rate is displayed. The pump is ready for operation.

6.2 Operation

The pump can be operated in three ways:

 Using the keyboard at the device  Via chromatography software with integrated drivers for the pump  Analog: Control with applied voltage

Note: Operator errors and clogged capillaries can cause high pressure

spikes.

The status display shows the ﬂow rate and also the pressure for pumps with pressure sensor.

Legend

1 Pressure in 0,1MPa 2 Flow rate in ml/min

Fig. 9 Status display

6.2.1 Controlling via keyboard at the device

The keypad consists of 3 buttons, which allow monitoring the device or changing the settings.

Figure Function

Fig. 10 Arrow buttons

 To scroll through, press both buttons

simultaneously.

 To change the values in the menu,

push the right button when the desired menu item is blinking.

Fig. 11 Start/Stop key

 Switching the pump on or o.  Flushing the Pump

AZURA® Pump P 2.1S/P 4.1S Instructions V6870

Initial startup 17

6.2.2 Menu Structure

Fig. 12 Menu Structure

6.2.2.1 Setting the Flow Rate

In case of the pump without pressure sensor the actual required ﬂow rate is dependent on the resulting counter pressure. The absolute deviation is dependent on the compressibility and the viscosity of the used solvent and on the pump. Therefore, it must be determined individually for each pump.

The ﬂow rate can be altered while the pump is in operation.

Practical tip: Hold down both arrow keys to expedite changing the val-

ues.

Start-up routine

Status display

Pressure switch o

Current switch o

Control

Pump head

UMP

,000

400

100

PC:

LAN

HEAD:

10ml

HEAD: 50ml

PC:

RS-323:

PC: ANALOG

Device defect

Danger of strong overpressure: If the button is pressed for a longer time, the ﬂow rate changes much faster.

Control the keystroke.

AZURA® Pump P 2.1S/P 4.1S Instructions V6870

18 Initial startup

Procedure Figure

1. Use the arrow keys to set a

value for the ﬂow rate.

2. Check if the right value appears on the display.

Fig. 13 Display control

 The setting is completed and the pump runs at the set ﬂow rate.

6.2.2.2 Adjusting pressure turn-o (only P 4.1S)

 Set maximum pressure to avoid damaging the pump or pump head.  Set minimum pressure to avoid running the pump dry.

Legend

1 Maximum value 2 Minimum value

123

P P

Note: If the minimum is set to 0, the minimum pump pressure is not

monitored.

Note: Conﬁguring the pump heads 10 ml or 50 ml, the maximum pres-

sure for the respective pump head is applied.

Procedure Figure

1. To scroll through, press both

buttons simultaneously.

2. When the cursor ﬂashes, use the arrow keys again to set the value for the maximum pressure.

3. Hold down the left arrow key. Press right arrow key once.

123

Fig. 14 Maximum pressure

4. When the cursor ﬂashes, use

the arrow keys again to set the value for the minimum pressure.

5. Press start/stop key once to return to the start display.

123

P P

Fig. 15 Minimum pressure

The setting is accepted. If the maximum pressure is exceeded, the pump switches o. If the minimum pressure is undercut, the pump switches o after 30 s. In both cases, an error message is shown on the display, which must be conﬁrmed at a control via keyboard or analog. In case of control via chromatography software, it may not be necessary

6.2.2.3 Setting the shutdown threshold

The shutdown threshold is dependent on the ﬂow rate and the counter pressure. It increases with higher ﬂow rates and stronger counter pressure.

 Exceeding or undercutting the values for the maximum or minimum

power switch o leads to the pump being automatically shutdown.

Result

AZURA® Pump P 2.1S/P 4.1S Instructions V6870

Initial startup 19

 Set the maximum power switch o for the pump to limit the pump

pressure.

 Set the minimum power switch o so as to avoid a dry run of the pump

at highly reduced maximum power consumption (e. g. if leaking).

The pump is preset to a standard value for the maximum power switch o. The manufacturer recommends that with smaller ﬂow rates the standard value for the maximum power switch o should be insigniﬁcantly decreased.

Legend

1 Maximum value 2 Minimum value

000

050

I I

Note: If the minimum is set to 0, the minimum power consumption is not

monitored.

Procedure Figure

1. To scroll through, press both but-

tons simultaneously.

2. When the cursor ﬂashes, use the arrow keys again to set the value for the maximum power consumption.

3. Hold down the left arrow key. Press right arrow key once.

050

Fig. 16 Maximum current

admission

4. When the cursor ﬂashes, use the arrow keys again to set the value for the minimum power consumption.

5. Press start/stop key once to return to the start display.

000

050

I I

Fig. 17 Minimum power

consumption

The setting is completed. If the maximum pressure is exceeded, the pump switches o.

6.2.2.4 Flushing the pistons

When you ﬂush the pistons regularly, the service life of the seals and pistons increases. While ﬂushing, contaminants are washed from the rear piston area.

The following solvents are recommended for ﬂushing the columns:

 water  mixture of 80 % water and 20 % ethanol  isopropanol

Result

AZURA® Pump P 2.1S/P 4.1S Instructions V6870

20 Initial startup

Procedure Figure

1. Connect the outlet to the

waste container with a hose

2. Connect the inlet to the syringe with a hose

3. Fill up ﬂushing solution with the syringe through the pump head until there are no more air bubbles running through the waste bottle.

4. Afterwards, remove the hoses and connect inlet and outlet with a hose.

Fig. 18 Flushing rear piston area

6.2.3 Choosing pump head

Procedure Figure

1. To scroll through, press both

buttons simultaneously.

2. Scroll with the right arrow key until 10 ml / 50 ml is displayed.

10ml

50ml

Fig. 19 Choosing pump head

When setting is ﬁnished, the status display appears.

Note: Conﬁguring the pump heads 10 ml or 50 ml, the maximum pres-

sure for the respective pump head is applied automatically. Check the allowed maximum pressure for the pump head.

6.2.4 Flushing the pump

The display shows vertical arrows while the pump is ﬂushing.

Legend

1 Symbol for ﬂushing

procedure

2 Pressure in 0,1 MPa

(only for P4.1S)

3 Flow rate

9.876

123

Pump with pressure sensor:

 Venting screw of the pressure sensor is open.  A jar or a hose to the waste container was set up.

Pump without pressure sensor:

 Cap ﬁtting on the pump head outlet is removed.  A jar or a hose to the waste container was set up.  Fitting on the pump head outlet ist removed.  Venting syringe with screw connection at the pump head outlet is

screwed on.

Note: The ﬂow rate can be changed while being purged. The change

takes eect immediately.

Result

Prerequisites

AZURA® Pump P 2.1S/P 4.1S Instructions V6870

Initial startup 21

Procedure Figure

1. Prime liquid with the sy-

ringe.

2. Hold down start/stop key until ﬂushing starts.

6.2.5 Software

To be able to control the pump using chromatography software, the computer must be connected to the device either with a RS232 cable or a LAN cable.

6.2.5.1 Via Local Area Network (LAN)

A device connected to a LAN is recognized by the software and automatically receives an IP address because it is set to Dynamic Host Conﬁguration Protocol (DHCP) at the factory.

 Device has been connected to LAN.

 Status display is active.

Procedure Figure

1. To scroll through, press both

buttons simultaneously.

2. Using the arrow buttons, scroll until it shows LAN.

Fig. 20 Display control

When setting is ﬁnished, the status display appears.

6.2.5.2 Via RS-232 port

 Interface RS-232 is connected.

 Status display is active.

Procedure Figure

1. To scroll through, press both

buttons simultaneously.

2. Using the arrow buttons, scroll until it shows RS-232.

Fig. 21 Display control

When setting is ﬁnished, the status display appears.

6.2.5.3 Control commands

The control commands listed below are considered for the communication with RS-232 and LAN. When entering a parameter, you must place a colon or space between command and parameter value, e.g. PMIN10:100.

Consider the following speciﬁcations for data transfer with RS-232 interface:

 9600 baud  8 bit

Prerequisites

Result

Prerequisites

Result

AZURA® Pump P 2.1S/P 4.1S Instructions V6870

22 Initial startup

 1 stop bit  no parity check

Control command

Range and speciﬁcation

Description

ADJ10(?)

RD/WR 100-2000 Adjust parameter for 10ml pump

head

ADJ50(?)

RD/WR 100-2000 Adjust parameter for 50ml pump

head

CORR10(?)

RD/WR 0-300 Correction parameter for 10 ml

pump head

CORR50(?)

RD/WR 0-300 Correction parameter for 50 ml

pump head

FLOW(?)

RD/WR 0-50000 Writing/reading the ﬂow in μl/min

PRESSURE?

RD 0-400 Pressure readout in 0.1MPa

PMIN10(?)

RD/WR 0-400 Minimum pressure for 10ml pump

head (in 0.1MPa)

PMIN50(?)

RD/WR 0-150 Minimum pressure for 50 ml pump

head (in 0.1MPa)

PMAX10(?)

RD/WR 0-400 Maximum pressure for 10 ml pump

head (in 0.1MPa)

PMAX50(?)

RD/WR 0-150 Maximum pressure for 50 ml pump

head (in 0.1MPa)

IMIN10(?)

RD/WR 0-100 Minimum motor current for 10 ml

pump head

IMIN50(?)

RD/WR 0-100 Minimum motor current for 50 ml

pump head

IMAX10(?)

RD/WR 0-100 Maximum motor current for 10 ml

pump head

IMAX50(?)

RD/WR 0-100 Maximum motor current for 50 ml

pump head

HEADTYPE(?)

RD/WR 10, 50 Writing/reading the pump-head

type

STARTLEVEL(?)

RD/WR 0.1 Conﬁgures START IN.

0 = Pump starts the ﬂow at short circuit contact only. (Start In <> Ground). 1 = Pump starts the ﬂow without a short circuit contact. (Start In <> Ground).

ERRIO(?)

RD/WR 0.1 Writing/reading the ERROR input/

output, OUT (0) or IN (1)

STARTMODE(?)

RD/WR 0.1 0 = Pump pauses after switch-on.

1 = Pump starts immediately after switch-on with the previous set ﬂow rate.

EXTCONTR

WR 0,1 0 = prevents external ﬂow control

1 = allows the ﬂow rate control via analog input 0 - 10V (10ml: 1 V = 1 ml/min, 50ml: 1 V = 5 ml/min)

EXTFLOW?

IMOTOR?

RD 0-100 Motor current in relative units

LOCAL

WR Command for releasing the pump to

change the settings manually (control command to cancel the remote command)

AZURA® Pump P 2.1S/P 4.1S Instructions V6870

Initial startup 23

Control command

Range and speciﬁcation

Description

REMOTE

WR Command to prevent a manual

parameter input, with exception of stopping the ﬂow via START/STOP button.

ERRORS?

RD Display of the last 5 error codes.

WR Starts the ﬂow

OFF

WR Stops the ﬂow

6.2.5.4 Activating the analog control (prior to ﬁrmware version 1.37)

The analog control is switched on and o via a serial port RS-232 with an applicable hyperterminal program.

 The serial port RS-232 is wired and set up successfully. The pump is

connected with the control PC via an available COM port.

 An applicable hyperterminal program is available on the PC.  Status display is active.

Procedure Figure

1. To scroll through, press both

buttons simultaneously.

2. Using the arrow buttons, scroll until it shows RS-232.

Fig. 22 Display control

3. In the Hyperterminal pro-

gram, enter the EXTCONTR: 1 command (see “controlcommands” Page 22).

The display shows a star symbol left to the ﬂow rate. You cannot adjust the ﬂow rate any longer via the key pad.

To deactivate the analog control, enter "0" instead of "1" as parameter for EXTCONTR.

6.2.5.5 Adjusting the analog control (prior to ﬁrmware version 1.37)

If you adjust the pump via analog control, the start setting changes at switch-on. In analog operation, the pump starts with switched on ﬂow only. The ﬂow rate corresponds to the wired voltage. The contact between GROUND and START IN has to be closed to start the pump.

In addition, it is possible to send commands to the pump via RS-232 or LAN.

Note: It is only possible to use the communication connection which has

been chosen before the adjustment (RS-232 or LAN).

If you reset the pump to RS-232 or LAN, the device is set to standard settings. The pump does not start with switched on ﬂow. The ﬂow stops at active short circuit connection GROUND and START IN.

 Interfaces ANALOG IN, GROUND and START IN, GROUND of pin head-

er is wired.

 Status display is active.

Prerequisites

Result

Prerequisites

AZURA® Pump P 2.1S/P 4.1S Instructions V6870

24 Initial startup

Procedure Figure

1. To scroll through, press both

buttons simultaneously.

2. Using the right arrow buttons, scroll until it shows ANALOG.

0nm

ANALOG

Fig. 23 Display control

The display shows a star symbol left to the ﬂow rate. You cannot adjust the ﬂow rate any longer via the key pad. To deactivate the analog control, choose RS-232 or LAN in the menu. In this case, the starting parameter of the pump are reset (START IN, START mode) and you can use the pump as usual.

6.2.5.6 Controlling the ﬂow rate analog

For the ﬂow rate control, choose analog in the selection menu via an external control voltage. This is valid from ﬁrmware version 1.37, for older versions please contact the Technical Support.

Note: The parameter can be changed via a terminal connection. De-

activating and activating the analog control, the parameter must be set again. Alternative: Installation of a permanent short circuit connection.

Legend

1 Pressure in 0,1MPa 2 Flow rate in ml/min

Fig. 24 Status display

The pump is connected to the power supply.

1. Apply control voltage.

2. Press the Start/Stop button, so as to start the pump. The star symbol

on the display of the pump indicates that the pump is working with an externally controlled ﬂow rate.

3. To stop the pump, press the start/stop button again.

6.2.5.7 Starting with a short-circuit

Connection for the short circuit (or TTL-low) for interrupting and continuing the operation of the pump. The operation of the pump is dependent on the STARTLEVEL setting:

 STARTLEVEL 1 (default setting RS-232, LAN): The pump does not oper-

ate during the time of short-circuit.

 STARTLEVEL 0 (default setting analog): The pump operates during the

time of short-circuit.

Legend

1 Pressure in 0,1MPa 2 Flow rate in ml/min

Fig. 25 Status display

Enter STARTLEVEL:1 in the terminal program, so that the pump does not operate for the duration of the short circuit.

 The pump is connected to the power supply.

Result

Prerequisites

Procedure

Prerequisites

AZURA® Pump P 2.1S/P 4.1S Instructions V6870

Functionality tests 25

Note: During the interruption, the horizontal arrow (A) remains in the

display, because the pump is still in operation status.

1. Connect the pump with an applicable terminal program.

2. Connect the pump using a LAN or RS-232.

3. Enter STARTLEVEL:1.

6.2.5.8 Starting directly after connection to power supply

By default the pump is stopped and started using the start/stop button. The STARTMODE setting allows you to start the device right after connecting it to power supply.

 STARTMODE 0 (default setting RS-232, LAN): The pump does not start

operating right after being connected to power supply.

 STARTMODE 1 (default setting analog): The pump starts operating

right after being connected to power supply.

If the start mode must be changed, it is possible to do this via command STARTMODE 0.

Deactivating and activating the analog control, the parameter must be set again.

 The pump is connected to the power supply.

1. Connect the pump with an applicable terminal program.

2. Connect the pump using a LAN or RS-232.

3. Enter STARTMODE:1.

6.3 Switching o the pump

If you want to switch o the pump for a longer term, ﬂush the pump head with isopropanol.

 The pump has been rinsed. Use isopropanol before a long-term de-

comissioning or to prepare for storage.

 The pump is out of use.

1. Stop the ﬂow.

2. Switch o the power switch of the power adapter on the back of the

device.

The display turns o.

Note: Standard procedure for IQ and OQ can be handled dierently in

individual cases for devices.

The customer may request the Installation Qualiﬁcation, which is free of charge. In case of a request, the Technical Support of KNAUER or from a provider authorized by KNAUER performs this functionality test during the installation.

The Operation Qualiﬁcation is a standardized KNAUER document and includes the following:

 conﬁrmation of ﬂawless condition at delivery  check if the delivery is complete  certiﬁcation on the functionality of the device

Procedure

Prerequisites

Procedure

Prerequisites

Procedure

Result

7. Functionality tests

Installation Qualiﬁcation

(IQ)

AZURA® Pump P 2.1S/P 4.1S Instructions V6870

26 Troubleshooting

The OQ is a detailed operating test based on the standardized KNAUER OQ documents. The Operation Qualiﬁcation is a standardized KNAUER document and is free of charge. It is not included with the instrument. If necessary, contact technical customer service.

The OQ protocol includes the following:

 deﬁnition of customer requirements and acceptance terms  documentation on device speciﬁcations  device functionality check at installation site

To make sure that the device operates within the speciﬁed range, you should test the device using the Operation Qualiﬁcation at following intervals: The test intervals are determined by the use of the device.

The OQ can be carried out either by the Technical Support of KNAUER or from a provider authorized by KNAUER.

1. Check all cabling.

2. Check all screw ﬁttings.

3. Check whether air has gotten into the supply lines.

4. Check device for leaks.

5. Pay attention to system messages. Inform the Technical Support of KNAUER.

8.1 LAN

Go through the following steps, in case no connection between the computer and the devices can be established. Check after each step if the problem is solved. If the problem cannot be located, call the Technical Support.

1. Check the status of the LAN connection in the Windows taskbar:



Connected



Connection not established

If no connection was established, test the following:

 Is the router switched on?  Is the patch cable connected correctly to the router and the computer?

2. Check the router settings:

 Is the router set to DCHP server?  Is the IP address range sucient for all the connected devices?

3. Check all connections:  Are the patch cable connected to the LAN ports and not the WAN

port?

 Are all cable connections between devices and router correct?  Are the cables plugged in tightly?

4. If the router is integrated into a company network, pull out the patch cable from the WAN port.

 Can the devices communicate with the computer, even though the

router is disconnected from the company network?

Operation Qualiﬁcation

(OQ)

Test Intervals

Execution

8. Troubleshooting

First measures

Further measures

AZURA® Pump P 2.1S/P 4.1S Instructions V6870

Troubleshooting 27

. Turn off all devices, router, and computer.

First switch on the router and wait until it has successfully completed its self-test. Then turn on the devices and the computer.

 Has this been successful?

6. Replace the patch cable to the device with that no connection could be established.

 Has this been successful?

7. Make sure that the IP port of the device matches the port in the chromatography software.

8.2 Possible problems and solutions

Problem Solution

Pump does not turn on Power cable needs to be connected to power

supply and power adapter has to be turned on.

 Inspect the power cable to ensure that it is

plugged into the power supply.

When ﬂushing (Purge) the pump turns o.

The venting screw on the pressure sensor must be turned up.

 Check if the venting screw on the pressure

sensor is turned open.

Pump does not transport solvent

Check the following options:  Purge the pump head so as to remove the

air bubbles

 Inspect the eluent inlet and ﬁlter of the

HPLC column and change when blocked.

 Replacing the pump head  Cleaning the check valves  Changing the check valves  If the pump head seals are defective, sol-

vent enters the piston backﬂushing; inform the technical support of the manufacturer.

Pressure or ﬂowrate ﬂuctuations

Check the following options:  Purge the pump head so as to remove the

air bubbles

 Always tighten the inlet screw 1 and outlet

screw 1 on the pump head with a torque wrench (7.5 Nm for stainless steel, 3 Nm for ceramic).

 Cleaning the check valves  Changing the check valves

AZURA® Pump P 2.1S/P 4.1S Instructions V6870

28 Troubleshooting

Problem Solution

Pump head leaks Check the following options:

 Inspect the inlet and outlet screw ﬁttings of

the pump head

 Replacing the pump head  If the pump head seals are defective, sol-

vent enters the piston backﬂushing; inform the technical support of the manufacturer.

Flow rate is not correct

Check the following options:  Inspect the inlet and outlet screw ﬁttings of

the pump head

 Cleaning the check valves  Changing the check valves  Replacing the pump head  Pump without pressure sensor: Pay atten-

tion to the inﬂuence of the pressure on the ﬂow rate (will not be compensated).

 Inform the technical support of the manu-

facturer.

Inform the Technical Support of KNAUER.

Further measures

AZURA® Pump P 2.1S/P 4.1S Instructions V6870

Maintenance and care 29

Proper maintenance of your HPLC device will ensure successful analyses and reproducible results. In this chapter, you ﬁnd the information relevant for maintenance, care and storage. Additionally, you ﬁnd instructions for maintenance tasks that may be performed by the customer. In case there are any maintenance tasks on that you do not ﬁnd instructions here, contact your supplier or the Technical Support.

9.1 Maintenance contract

The following maintenance work on the device may only be performed by KNAUER or a company authorized by KNAUER and is covered by a sepa-

rate maintenance contract:

 Opening the device.  Removing the hood or the side panels.

9.2 Cleaning and caring for the device

All smooth surfaces of the device can be cleaned with a mild, commercially available cleaning solution, or with isopropanol.

9.3 Which type of maintenance tasks may us-

ers perform on the device?

The following maintenance tasks are recommended by the manufacturer and may be performed by the user.

 Replacing the pump head  Exchanging the ball valves

9.3.1 Pump head

9.3.1.1 Torque values

Pump head Type (ml) Screw ﬁtting

Fitting, outlet (Nm)

Screw ﬁtting, inlet (Nm)

Capillary connection (Nm)

AHB40

10 7.5 3.5 5.0 AHB40BA AHB40CA AHB32

10 3.5 3.5 1.0 (ﬁnger tight) AHB32DA AHB43

10 7.5 7.5 5.0 AHC22

50 3.5 3.5 1.0 (ﬁnger tight) AHC23

50 7.5 7.5 5.0

9. Maintenance and care

Device defect

Intruding liquids can cause damage to the device.

Place solvent bottles next to the device or in a solvent tray. Moisten the cleaning cloth only slightly.

AZURA® Pump P 2.1S/P 4.1S Instructions V6870

30 Maintenance and care

Pump head Type (ml) Screw ﬁtting

Fitting, outlet (Nm)

Screw ﬁtting, inlet (Nm)

Capillary connection (Nm)

AHC20

50 7.5 7.5 5.0 AHC20BA

10 7.5 3.5 5.0 AHC20CA

50 7.5 7.5 5.0

9.3.1.2 Removing the pump head

The pump head has been ﬂushed with suitable solvent.

Procedure Figure

1. Loosen inlet ﬁtting

2 and out-

let ﬁtting

2. Loosen the piston seal wash tubings

3. Loosen 4 ﬁxing screws

alternately and hold the pump head.

1 2

9.3.1.3 Installing the pump head

Prerequisites

Chemical burns

Skin damage from aggressive or toxic eluents.

Wear protective gloves. Flush the pump head before changing.

Component defect

Possible damage to the pump piston by tilting the pump head.

Tighten diagonally opposite fastening screws evenly one turn at a time.

Also loosen the fastening screws evenly.

Component defect

Possible damage to the pump head due to over-tightened capillary ﬁtting.

Note the torque of the screw connection.

AZURA® Pump P 2.1S/P 4.1S Instructions V6870

Maintenance and care 31

Procedure Figure

1. Tighten 4 ﬁxing screws 3

alternately and hold the pump head.

2. Mount the piston seal wash tubings

3. Tighten the inlet ﬁtting 2 and the outlet ﬁtting 1.

1 2

9.3.2 Check valves

Clogged check valves do not open and close properly. They cause pressure ﬂuctuations and irregular ﬂow.

Note: Insert the check valves in the direction of the ﬂow.

9.3.1 Removing the check valves

 The pump head has been purged.  The capillaries and tubings have been removed.  The pump head has been removed.

 Open-end wrench, size 13

Procedure Figure

1. Unscrew and remove the capil-

lary connector

2. Loosen the outlet ﬁtting

with the open-end wrench.

3. Remove the ﬁrst check valve.

4. Loosen the eluent connection

5. Loosen the inlet ﬁtting

3with

the open-end wrench.

6. Remove the second check

valve.

 Clean the check valves.

9.3.2 Cleaning the check valves

1. Fill a beaker with solvent.

2. Place the valve in the beaker.

3. Put the beaker in an ultrasonic bath for at least 10 minutes. Another way to clean clogged check valves is to blow them out with com-

pressed air.

9.3.3 Installing the check valves

Insert the check valves in the direction of the ﬂow. The notch of the check valve points downward. Insert the NP check valves in the direction of the ﬂow. The arrow on the NP check valve points upward.

Prerequisites

Tools

Next steps

Procedure

AZURA® Pump P 2.1S/P 4.1S Instructions V6870

32 Maintenance and care

 The check valves have dried.

Procedure Figure

1. Insert the check valves

1so

that the notch of the check valve

2points downwards: In

case of NP valves alternatively check the direction of the arrow.

2. Manually screw in inlet and outlet ﬁttings and tighten them with a torque wrench and the respective torque.

Fig. 26

Check valve

 Re-install the pump head.

Note: The pump was adjusted under speciﬁc conditions. If the pump is

operated under dierent conditions (ﬂow, pressure, eluent), a calibration of the pump may be necessary at the selected place of operation.

10.1 General

Pump type Dual-piston pump with main and auxiliary

piston

Flow rate range  10 ml pump head: 0.001-10 ml/min

 50 ml pump head: 0.01-50 ml/min

Precision of the ﬂow rate

 P 4.1S: ±1 % (1 ml/min)  P 2.1S: ±5 % (1 ml/min)  For pumps without a pressure sensor

dependent on pressure

Reproducibility of the ﬂow rate

Relative standard deviation RSD: < 0.5 % (1 ml/min)

Gradient support  Isocratic HPLC pump

 Expandable to a binary high pressure

gradient system (controlled by software)

Prerequisites

Component defect

Damage to components due to excessive tightening possible. Observe the torque of the screw connection

Use 5Nm torque for stainless steel ﬁ ttings. Use 1Nm torque for PEEK ﬁ ttings.

Next steps

10. Technical data

AZURA® Pump P 2.1S/P 4.1S Instructions V6870

Maintenance and care 33

System protection  Pump with pressure sensor:

min

and P

max

adjustable

min

and I

max

adjustable

 Pump with pressure sensor: I

min

and I

max

adjustable

Wetted materials For ceramic:

Graphite ﬁber reinforced PTFE, FKM, PEEK, sapphire, aluminum oxide (Al

2O3

), titanium

(only P 4.1S)

For stainless steel: Stainless steel, graphite ﬁber reinforced

PTFE, FKM, PEEK, sapphire, aluminum oxide (Al

2O3

), titanium (only P 4.1S)

For Hastelloy® C: Hastelloy® C, graphite ﬁber reinforced

PTFE, FKM, KEL-F, zirconium oxide (ZrO

)

10.2 Communication

Control  RS-232

 LAN  Analog  Buttons on the device

Analog Inputs 0-10 V

10.3 Technical parameters

Supply frequency See type plate of the power supply

Power consumption Maximum 40 W at the 24V connection of

the pump

Protection type IP 20

Temperature range 4-40 °C/39,2–104 °F

Air humidity Below 90 % non-condensing

Power supply See type plate of the power supply

Dimensions (width × height × depth)

 Pump without pressure sensor:

121 × 129.1 × 220.2 mm

 Pump with pressure sensor:

121 x 129,1 × 228 mm

Weight

 Pump without pressure sensor: 2.3 kg  Pump with pressure sensor: 2.4 kg

AZURA® Pump P 2.1S/P 4.1S Instructions V6870

34 Maintenance and care

10.4 Dimensions

Fig. 27 Dimensions of the pump in mm

AZURA® Pump P 2.1S/P 4.1S Instructions V6870

Chemical compatibility of wetted materials 35

Note: The user takes the responsibility for using the ﬂuids and chemicals

in an appropriate and safe way. If there is any doubt, contact the Technical Support of the manufacturer.

11.1 General

The device is very resistant against a variety of commonly used eluents. However, make sure that no eluents or water come in contact with the device or enter into the device. Some organic solvents (such as chlorinated hydrocarbons, ether) may cause coating damage or loosen glued components by improper handling. Even small quantities of other substances, such as additives, modiﬁers, or salts can inﬂuence the durability of the materials. Exposure time and concentration have a high impact on the resistance.

The following list contains information about the chemical compatibility of all wetted materials which are used in devices made by KNAUER. The data bases on a literature research on the manufacturer speciﬁcations of the materials. The wetted materials of this device are listed in the chapter „Technical data“.

All resistances mentioned here are for use at temperatures up to 40 ° C, unless stated otherwise.

Please note that higher temperatures can signiﬁcantly aect the stability of dierent materials.

11.2 Plastics

11.2.1 Polyetheretherketone (PEEK):

PEEK is a durable and resistant plastic and, apart from stainless steel, the standard material in HPLC. It can be used at temperatures up to 100°C and is highly chemical resistant against almost all commonly used solvents in a pH range of 1-12,5. PEEK is potentially moderate resistant against oxidizing and reducing solvents.

Therefore, following solvents should not be used: Concentrated and oxidizing acids (such as nitric acid solution, sulfuric acid), halogenated acids (such as hydroﬂuoric acid, hydrobromic acid) and gaseous halogens. Hydrochloric acid is approved for most applications.

In addition, following solvents can have a swelling eect and may have an impact on the functionality of the built-in components: Methylene chloride, THF and DMSO in any concentration such as acetonitrile in higher concentrations.

11.2.2 Polyethylene terephthalate (PET, outdated PETP)

PET is a thermoplastic and semi-crystalline material with high wear resistance. It is resistant against diluted acids, aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons, oils, fats and alcohols, but not against halogenated hydrocarbons and ketones. Since PET belongs chemically to esters, it is not compatible with inorganic acids, hot water and alkalis. Maximum operating Temperature: up to 120°C.

11. Chemical compatibility of wetted materials

AZURA® Pump P 2.1S/P 4.1S Instructions V6870

36 Chemical compatibility of wetted materials

11.2.3 Polyimide (Vespel®):

This material is wear-resistant and permanent resilient thermically (up to 200°C) as well as mechanically. It is chemically broadly inert (pH range 1-10) and is especially resistant against acidic to neutral and organic solvents, but vulnerable to pH strong chemical or oxidizing environments: It is incompatible with concentrated mineral acids (such as sulfuric acid), glacial acetic acid, DMSO and THF. In addition, it will be disintegrated by nucleophilic substances like ammonia (such as ammonium salts under alkaline conditions) or acetate.

11.2.4 Ethylene-tetraﬂuorethylene copolymer (ETFC, Tefzel®):

This ﬂuorinated polymer is highly resistant against neutral and alkaline solvents. Some chlorinated chemicals in connection with this material should be handled with care. Maximum operating Temperature is 80 ºC.

11.2.5 Perﬂuorethylenpropylen-Copolymer (FEP), Perﬂuoralkoxy-Polymer (PFA)

These ﬂuorinated polymers hold similar features as PTFE, but with a lower operation temperaturte (up to 205°C). PTA is suitable for ultrapure appilcations, FEP can be used universally. They are resistant against almost all organic and inorganic chemicals, except elemental ﬂuorine under pressure or at high temperatures and ﬂuorine-halogen compounds.

11.2.6 Polyoxymethylene (POM, POM-H-TF):

POM is a semi-crystalline, high-molecular thermoplastic material which stands out due to its high stiness, low friction value and thermic stability. It can even substitute metal in many cases. POM-H-TF is a combination of PTFE ﬁbres and acetal resin and is softer and has better slip properties as POM. The material is resistant against diluted acids (pH > 4) as well as diluted lyes, aliphatic, aromatic and halogenated hydrocarbons, oils and alcohols. It is not compatible with concentrated acids, hydroﬂuoric acid and oxidizing agent. Maximum operating Temperature is 100 ºC.

11.2.7 Polyphenylene sulﬁde (PPS)

PPS is a soft polymer which is known for its high break resistance and very high chemical compatibility. It can be used with most organic, pH neutral to pH high, and aqueous solvents at room temperaturewithout concerns. However, it is not recommended for using with chlorinated, oxidizing and reducing solvents, inorganic acids or at higher temperatures. Maximum operating temperature: 50°C

11.2.8 Polytetraﬂuorethylene (PTFE, Teﬂon®):

PTFE is very soft and anti-adhesive. This material is resistant against almost all acids, lyes and solvents, except against ﬂuid natrium and ﬂuoride compounds. In addition, it is temperature-resistant from -200°C to +260°C.

11.2.9 Systec AF™:

This amorphous perﬂuorinated copolymer is inert against all commonly used solvents. However, it is soluble in perﬂuorinated solvents like Fluorinert® FC-75 and FC-40, and Fomblin perﬂuor-polyether solvents from Ausimont. In addition, it is aected by Freon® solvents.

11.2.10 Polychlortriﬂuorethylene (PCTFE, Kel-F®):

The semi-crystalline thermoplastic material is plasticizer-free and dimensionally stable, even in a wide temperature range (−240 °C to+205 °C). It is moderately resistent against ether, halogenated solvents and toluene. Halogenated solvents over +60°C and chlorine gas should not be used.

AZURA® Pump P 2.1S/P 4.1S Instructions V6870

Chemical compatibility of wetted materials 37

11.2.11 Fluorinated rubber (FKM):

The elastomer consisting of ﬂuorinated hydrocarbon stands out due to a high resistance against mineral oils, synthetic hydraulic ﬂuids, fuels, aromatics, and many organic solvents and chemicals. However, it is not compatible with strong alkaline solvents (pH value >13) like ammonia, and acidic solvents (pH value <1), pyrrole and THF. Operating temperature: Between -40°C and +200°C.

11.2.12 Perﬂuorinated rubber (FKM):

This perﬂuoro elastomer has a higher ﬂuorine content as ﬂuorinated rubber and is therefore chemically more resistant. It can be employed at higher temperatures (up to 275°C). It is not compatible with Pyrrole.

11.3 Non-metals

11.3.1 Diamond-like carbon (DLC)

diamond-like carbon, DLC diamond-like carbon, DLC) is characterized by a high hardness, a low coecient of friction and thus low wear. In addition, it is highly biocompatible. DLC is inert against all acids, alkalis and solvents commonly used in HPLC.

11.3.2 Ceramic

Ceramic is resistant against corrosion and wear and is fully biocompatible. An incompatibility against acids, alkalis and solvents commonly used in HPLC is not known.

11.3.3 Alumina (Al2O3)

Due to their high resistance to wear and corrosion, alumina ceramic is used as a coating for mechanically stressed surfaces. It is a biocompatible material with low thermal conductivity and low thermal expansion.

11.3.4 Zirconium oxide (ZrO2)

Zirconia ceramics are characterized by their high mechanical resistance, which makes them particularly resistant to wear and corrosion. It is also biocompatible, has low thermal conductivity and is resistant to high pressures.

11.3.5 Sapphire

Synthetic sapphire is virtually pure monocrystalline alumina. It is biocompatible and very resistant to corrosion and wear. The material is characterized by a high hardness and a high thermal conductivity.

11.3.6 Ruby

Synthetic ruby is monocrystalline alumina and gets its red color by the addition of some chromium oxide. It is biocompatible and very resistant to corrosion and wear. The material is characterized by a high hardness and a high thermal conductivity.

11.3.7 Mineral wool

This insulating material consists of glass or stone wool ﬁbres and isolates in high oxidizing conditions and at high temperatures. Mineral wool is valid as commonly inert against organic solvents and acids.

AZURA® Pump P 2.1S/P 4.1S Instructions V6870

38 Chemical compatibility of wetted materials

11.3.8 Glass, glass ﬁbre, quartz, quartz glass:

These mineral materials are resistant against corrosion and wear and are mostly chemical inert. They are compatible with oils, fats and solvents and show a high resistance against acids anf lyes up to pH values of 3-9. Concentrated acids (especially hydroﬂuoric acid) may embrittle and corrode the minerals. Lyes may ablate the surfaces slowly.

11.4 Metals

11.4.1 Stainless steel

Stainless steel is, apart from PEEK, the standard material in HPLC. Steels with WNr. 1.4404 (316L) are used, or with a mixture of higher compatibility.

They are inert against almost all solvents. Exceptions are biological applications which are metal ion sensible, and applications with extreme corrosive conditions. These steels, in comparison to commonly used steels, are increasingly resistant against hydrochloric acid, cyanides and other halogen acids, chlorides and chlorinated solvents.

The use in ion cromatography is not recommended. In case of electrochemical applications, a passivation must be executed ﬁrst.

11.4.2 Hastelloy®-C:

This nickel-chrome-molybdenum alloy is extremely resistant to corrosion, especially against oxidizing, reducing and mixed solvents, even at high temperatures. This alloy may be used in combination with chlor, formic acid, acetic acid and saline solutions.

11.4.3 Titanium, titanium alloy (TiA16V4):

Titanium has a low weight and a high hardness and stability. Is stands out due to its very high chemical compatibility and biocompatibility. Titan is applied when neither stainless steel nor PEEK are usable.

11.5 Repeat orders

For repeat orders of spare parts use the enclosed packing list. Contact the Technical Support in case there are any questions on spare parts or

accessories.

11.6 Accessories

Name Order Number

AZURA

® accessories kit FZA01

AZURA® Pump P 2.1S/P 4.1S accessories kit FPGA

Maintenance kit for 10 ml pump head A96423

Maintenance kit for 10 ml pump head Hastelloy-C

A964231

Maintenance kit for 10 ml pump head for water application

A964232

Maintenance kit for 50 ml pump head A96424

Maintenance kit for 50 ml pump head Hastelloy-C

A964233

Rebuild-kit for 10 ml pump head KEL-F valve cover, FFKM O-ring

A5821-1

AZURA® Pump P 2.1S/P 4.1S Instructions V6870

Chemical compatibility of wetted materials 39

Name Order Number

Rebuild-kit for 50 ml pump head KEL-F valve cover, FFKM O-ring

A5821-2

Rebuild-kit for 10 ml pump head for water application sapphire piston, GFPseals, FKM O-rings

A5823

Inlet-bushing kit for 1/8‘‘ capillary for 10 ml pump head

A58202

Inlet-bushing kit for 1/16‘‘ capillary for 10 ml pump head

A58203

Inlet-bushing kit für 1/16‘‘ capillary for 50 ml pump head and 10 ml pump head, ceramic

A58205

Deaeration screw KEL-F A1644

Instructions V6870

Mobile Control license with 10” touchscreen A9607

Mobile Control Chrom license with 10” touchscreen

A9608

Mobile Control license A9610

Mobile Control Chrom license A9612

11.7 Device variants

Name Order Number

AZURA

® Pump P 4.1S without pump head APG20

AZURA

® Pump P 4.1S with 10 ml stainless

steel pump head

APG20EA

AZURA

® Pump P 4.1S with 10 ml ceramic

pump head

APG20EB

AZURA

® Pump P 4.1S with 10 ml pump head

Hastelloy-C

APG20EC

AZURA

® Pump P 4.1S with 10 ml ceramic

pump head, titanium ﬁttings

APG20EF

AZURA

® Pump P 4.1S with 10 ml pump head

(stainless steel, for water application)

APG20EG

AZURA

® Pump P 4.1S with 10 ml pump head

(ceramic, for water application), titanium ﬁttings

APG20EH

AZURA

® Pump P 4.1S with 50 ml stainless

steel pump head

APG20FA

AZURA

® Pump P 4.1S with 50 ml ceramic

pump head

APG20FB

AZURA

® Pump P 4.1S with 50 ml Hastelloy C

pump head

APG20FC

AZURA

® Pump P 2.1S without pump head APG90

AZURA

® Pump P 2.1S with 10 ml stainless

steel pump head

APG90EA

AZURA® Pump P 2.1S/P 4.1S Instructions V6870

40 Legal information

Name Order Number

AZURA

® Pump P 2.1S with 10 ml ceramic

pump head

APG90EB

AZURA

® Pump P 2.1S with 10 ml Hastelloy-C

pump head

APG90EC

AZURA

® Pump P 2.1S with 50 ml stainless

steel pump head

APG90FA

AZURA

® Pump P 2.1S with 50 ml ceramic

pump head

APG90FB

AZURA

® Pump P 2.1S with 50 ml Hastelloy-C

pump head

APG90FC

AZURA

® Pump P 2.1 S with 50 ml pump head

(stainless steel, for water application)

APG90FG

11.8 Available pump heads

Name Order Number

10 ml stainless steel pump head with stainless steel inlay

AHB40

10 ml pump head with ceramic inlay AHB32

10 ml pump head with ceramic inlay and titanium ﬁttings

AHB32DA

10 ml pump head with Hastelloy-C inlay AHB43

10 ml pump head stainless steel for normal phase applications

AHB40BA

10 ml pump head stainless steel for water application

AHB40FA

50 ml pump head with ceramic inlay AHC22

50 ml pump head with Hastelloy-C inlay, for corrosive media

AHC23

50 ml stainless steel pump head with stainless steel inlay

AHC20

50 ml stainless steel pump head for normal phase application

AHC20BA

12.1 Transport damage

The packaging of our devices provides the best possible protection against transport damage. Check the devices for signs of transport damage. In case you notice any damage, contact the technical support and the forwarder company within three workdays.

12.2 Warranty conditions

The factory warranty for the device is contractually agreed. During the warranty period, any components with material or design-related defects

12. Legal information

AZURA® Pump P 2.1S/P 4.1S Instructions V6870

Legal information 41

will be replaced or repaired by the manufacturer free of charge. Please check the terms and conditions on our website. All warranty claims shall expire in the event that any unauthorized changes are made to the device. Also excluded from the warranty:

 Accidental or willful damage  Damage or errors caused by third parties that are not contractually

related to the manufacturer at the time the damage occurs

 Wear parts, fuses, glass parts, columns, light sources, cuvettes and oth-

er optical components

 Damage caused by negligence or improper operation of the device

and damage caused by clogged capillaries

 Packaging and transport damage

In the event of device malfunctions, directly contact the manufacturer.

KNAUER Wissenschaftliche Geräte GmbH Hegauer Weg 38 14163 Berlin, Germany

Telephone: +49 30 809727-111 Telefax: +49 30 8015010 E-Mail: support@knauer.net Internet: www.knauer.net

12.3 Declaration of conformity

The Declaration of Conformity accompanies the product as a separate document and is available online:

www.knauer.net/en/Support/Declarations-of-conformity

Disposal

Hand in old devices or disassembled old components at a certiﬁed waste facility, where they will be disposed of properly.

12.3.1 AVV-Marking Germany

According to the German "Abfallverzeichnisverordnung" (AVV, January,

2001), old devices manufactured by KNAUER are marked as waste electrical and electronic equipment: 160214. 160214.

12.3.2 WEEE-Registration number

KNAUER as a company is registered by the WEEE number DE 34642789 in the German "Elektroaltgeräteregister" (EAR). The number belongs to category 8 and 9, which, among others, comprise laboratory equipment.

All distributors and importers are responsible for the disposal of old devices, as deﬁned by the WEEE directive. End-users can send their old devices manufactured by KNAUER back to the distributor, the importer, or the company free of charge, but would be charged for the disposal.

12.3.3 Eluents and other operating materials

All eluents and other operating materials must be collected separately and disposed of properly. All wetter components of a device, e. g. ﬂow cells of detectors or pump heads and pressure sensors for pumps, have to be ﬂushed with isopropanol ﬁrst and water afterwards before being maintained, disassembled or disposed.

AZURA® Pump P 2.1S/P 4.1S Instructions V6870

42 Abbreviations and terminology

Here you can ﬁnd information on the abbreviations and terminology used in this instruction.

Term Explanations

GLP Good Laboratory Practice – quality assurance for

laboratories

Gradient Time-dependent composition of solvent (mobile

phase) on low-pressure or high-pressure side of system

HPG Operating mode of HPLC system; separation of sam-

ple mixtures using high pressure gradient of pump

HPLC

High

performance liquid chromatography

Isocratic Sample mixtures separated with a constant composi-

tion of solvent

IQ The IQ is the certiﬁcation on the functionality of the

device.

LED Light-emitting diode

Solvent Mobile phase (eluent) or carrier for liquid chromatog-

raphy

OQ Comprehensive functionality test of individual compo-

nents in a system (operation qualiﬁcation)

Remote External control with chromatography software or

analog control signals

13. Abbreviations and terminology

AZURA® Pump P 2.1S/P 4.1S Instructions V6870

Index 43

14. Index

Accessories 3 AVV-marking 41

Chemical compatibility 35

Decontamination 5 Disposal 41

Features 2 Flammability

Power Plug 5 Self-ignition point 4 Toxicity 4

Flushing the pump

Functionality tests

IQ 25 OQ 26

Installing a local area network 16

LAN

conﬁguring 12 connecting 11 Controlling several systems 13 Troubleshooting 26

Location Requirements 6

Maintenance and care 29

Check valves 31 cleaning 29 Pump head 29

Pin header 10 Power supply 33 Pump

Flushing the pump 20 Initial startup 15 Menu Structure 17 Operation 16 Switching on the pump 15

Pump head 7

Removing the pump head 30 Router

Conﬁguring the router 13

Safety 3, 4 Setting the Flow Rate 17 Setup 11

Characteristics 12 Connection issues 13

Port 12 Software 21 Space Requirements 7 Switching on 15

Technical data 32 Transport damage 40

Unpacking and setup 6

Warnings 5 Warranty conditions 40

Warranty seal 40

Latest KNAUER instructions online:

https://www.knauer.net/en/Support/User-manuals

KNAUER Wissenschaftliche Geräte GmbH Hegauer Weg 38 14163 Berlin

Phone: Fax: E-Mail: Internet:

+49 30 809727-0

+49 30 8015010

info@knauer.net www.knauer.net

Knauer AZURA P 2.1S, AZURA P 4.1S Instructions For Use Manual

Specifications and Main Features

Frequently Asked Questions

User Manual