KME DAP 26 User Manual

User Manual

DAP 26

Digital Audio Processor

KME-Control

Remote Software Mainframe

DAP 26 HW Version 1.2 r0026
DAP 26 MC Version 1.1 r0052
KME-Control Version 1.00 Build 0073
DAP 26 Plug Version 1.00 Build 0149
Manual Rev. Version 1.00 EN
Stand: 12.04.2005 [e-mail]

Functional units

The DAP 26 offers a lot of functional units for general audio processing using a
powerful DSP mainframe such as 9 filter banks with each 5 configurable filters of 9
different types, 6 crossover units with two combinable filters out of 3 types, 3 master
delays (up to 2000 ms / 685 meters), 6 channel delays (up to 500 ms / 170 meters)
and 6 dynamic processors (compressor / limiter / noise gate).

All this functional units can be programmed either directly on the hardware unit or by
using the real-time control software ‚KMEControl’..

Switches and Knobs

Front side

IN A IN B

LIMIT LIMIT LIMIT

0

+

dB

-60

CLIP

0

+

dB

-60

0

+

dB

-60

0

+

dB

-60

MUTE

dB-6 +6

MUTE

dB-6 +6

MUTE

dB-6 +6

MUTE MUTE MUTE

dB-6 +6 dB-6 +6 dB-6 +6

K.M.E. D AP26 V0.1
Preset C onfigurati on

Choose an option!

Input level meters

Two 10-digit digital level meters help to set the correct input level on the analog audio
inputs or to monitor the digital audio input level.

The graphic below shows different peak input levels on your unit:

abcd

a) too less input level
b) input level OK
c) maximum input level
d) too much input level – clipping may occur

The analog input circuit contains a limiter unit for preventing the A/D- converters from
clipping. Nevertheless the analog input level must not exceed the red LED of the
input level meter to prevent reproduction of a distorted signal. Set the source level
that only the yellow LEDs light up in peaks.

Display

K.M.E. DAP26 V0.1
Preset Configuration

Choose an option!

A 4x20 back-lighted LCD display shows the navigation menu. You can set all
software parameters on the unit itself. Arrows in the lower right corner show the
directions to navigate to submenus. (see appendix ‘navigation structure’). Use the
navigation pad to move between the menus. Press the ‘OK’ button to select a
parameter if you are asked by the unit.

Navigation Pad

The navigation pad is to be used for accessing and changing parameters on the
display of the hardware unit. Press the OK button if you are asked by the software.
See also the appendix ‘menu structure’!

Level meter 1-6
Level correction 1-6
Mute switch 1-6

LIMIT

0

+

dB

-60

MUTE

dB-6 +6

MUTE

dB-6 +6

The level correction pot adjusts the output level of the corresponding channel by +/- 6
dB. This is done on digital signal level and independent from the gain correction in
the software plug-in.

Pressing the mute switch mutes the corresponding output channel. The level meter
still displays the output level to avoid unintentional triggering of the switches.

There is a 10-digit LED bar-graph for each output channel which displays the
following information:

abc

a) there is an output signal on channel X (if the mute switch is not activated)
b) the signal on output X exceeds the maximum output level (if the mute switch is

not activated)

c) there is an output signal on channel X, the dynamic processor (Compressor/

Limiter) is activated and works

Mains switch

Use this switch for powering up the hardware unit. We included a power-up delay
which prevents clicks or plops in the speakers efficiently, nevertheless we
recommend switching on your power amplifiers after the DAP.

The backlighting of the display shows that the DAP is switched on and the mains
power is within the useable range. If the display does not light check your mains
voltage and / or the mains fuse which is located in the mains connector.

Connectors
Rear side

DIGITAL OUTPUT INPUT

INPUT 6 4 2 B

INPUT

+6dB

531 AOUTPUT

DAP 26

KLINGENTHALER

MUSIKELEKTRONIK

GmbH

MADE IN GERMANY

FUSE

1 AT

85-264V ~AC;

50-60Hz

CAN 1 / RS 232

CAN 2

CAUTION!

PULL
PLUG

BEFORE

OPENING!

There are all connectors located on the rear side of the unit.

Analog inputs / level select switch

INPUT

B

INPUT

+6dB

A

The audio inputs of the DAP 26 are electronically balanced. Unless it is necessary we
do not recommend unbalanced audio connections. The inputs have to be operated
with an nominal audio level of either 775 mV (0 dB) or 1.55V (+6 dB) which you can
select using the switch beside the connector “b” corresponding to the signal level
your source units work with.

1

2

3

1

2

3

XLR-to- XLR balanced audio connection

12

3

Jack-to-XLR balanced audio connection

Use one of this cables for connecting the analog audio inputs of the DAP 26 to your
mixer / stagebox or to another signal source.

Switching inputs to ‚analog’ (factory preset)

K.M.E. DAP26
Presetinfo

Choose an option!‹ ›

ˆ

K.M.E. DAP26
Devicesettin

g

Choose an option!‹ ›

ˆ

Devicesettings
In-select: Di

g

ital

OK: Chan

g

e Value ˆ>

K.M.E. DAP26
Preset Configuration

Choose an option! >

ˆ

Devicesettings
In-select: Analo

g

OK: Change Value ˆ>

Devicesettings
In-select: Analo

g

OK: Change Value ˆ>

ˆˆˆ

Follow this navigation scheme to activate the analog audio inputs (factory preset)

?after using the digital audio input sometimes?. This is one of the few settings that

can only be done on the hardware unit itself.

Analog outputs 1-6

OUTPUT

642531

The analog audio outputs 1-6 are electronically balanced, male XLR sockets. We do
not recommend connecting unbalanced destination devices to the DAP 26. The
nominal output level is reached if the yellow LED in the level meter lights up.

1

2

3

1

2

3

XLR-to- XLR balanced audio connection

Computer connection,
selector RS 232 – CAN

CAN 1 / RS 232

CAN 2

• programming the unit (on PC using RS 232)

DIGITAL OUTPUT INPUT

INPUT 6 4 2 B

INPUT

+6dB

531 AOUTPUT

DAP 26

KLINGENTHALER

MUSIKELEKTRONIK

GmbH

MADE IN G ERMANY

FUSE

1 AT

85-264V~ AC;

50-60Hz

CAN 1 / RS 232

CAN 2

CAUTION!

PULL

PLUG

BEFORE

OPENING!

RS 232
COM 1

X

Connect the DAP 26 to a free COM port of your PC using the supplied RS232 cable.
You must only use the upper connector labelled ‘RS232/CAN’. Make sure that the
yellow LED beside the connector GLOWS BEFORE connecting the unit to your PC! If
the LED does NOT glow, operate the switch which is located just below this LED
using a suitable tool.

You can now run the ‘KME-Control’ software and activate the communication (see
software).

15324

7896

15324

7896

9-pole D-sub cable 1:1 as supplied with the DAP 26. The pins shown in this drawing
have to be connected, the other pins may be connected but do not affect the
communication at all.

The maximum length of such a cable MUST NOT EXCEED 5 meters or the
communication may be interfered!

• Remote use (PC with USB- port and K.M.E. CAN- Interface)

DIGITAL OUTPUT INPUT

INPUT 6 4 2 B

INPUT

+6dB

531 AOUTPUT

DAP 26

KLINGENTHALER

MUSIKELEKTRONIK

GmbH

MADE IN G ERMANY

FUSE

1 AT

85-264V~ AC;

50-60Hz

CAN 1 / RS 232

CAN 2

CAUTION!

PULL

PLUG

BEFORE

OPENING!

USB

CAN Port

CAN Bus

1...>250 m

AFTER the installation of the KMEControl mainframe software you can connect the
USB port on your computer with the K.M.E. CANport interface using the supplied
USB cable. All necessary device drivers will be loaded automatically when
connecting the interface for the first time. Make sure that the yellow LED does not
light before connecting the CANport interface to your DAP 26 using the supplied or a
modified cable. Connect the supplied CAN terminator plug to the lower socket of your
DAP 26. If there are more DAPs daisy-chained, connect the CAN terminator plug to
the free connector of the last device in your CAN chain!

You can now run KMEControl software and activate the communication (see
software).

15324

7896

15324

7896

CAN Bus Link cable

This cable can be used connecting the DAP 26 to the CAN port interface box. Use
such cable also for linking the CAN bus from unit to unit. Do not forget connecting the
CAN terminator plug to the free connection port of the last unit, otherwise the CAN
transmission could be disturbed.

Note: By using a self-made cable make sure to connect the pins needed for CAN
transmission. They are different than in RS232 mode unless using 9 wire cable!

This cable can be used connecting the DAP 26 to the CAN port interface box, using
your multicore system (i.e. XLR). Use such cable also for linking the CAN bus from
unit to unit. Do not forget connecting the CAN terminator plug to the free connection
port of the last unit, otherwise the CAN transmission could be disturbed.

1

2

3

15324

7896

15324

7896

1

2

3

Digital Audio Input
Digital Audio Output

DIGITAL

INPUTOUTPUT

The digital input accepts digital audio signals according to AES/EBU with a bit rate of
16 to 24 and a sampling frequency of 32 to 96 kHz using an internal format-/sample
rate converter chip. The digital audio output loops the selected input (analog/digital)
as a 24-bit/96 kHz AES/EBU signal for cascading additional units or recording the
signal to a studio digital recorder. All digital connections are transformer- balanced for
maximum protection against ground loops.

1

2

3

1

2

3

Digital Audio Connection Cable (AES/ EBU) w. 110 Ohms

We do not recommend using “normal microphone cable” for AES/EBU connections
also when it ‘seems’ to work. Only specified 110 Ohms digital audio cable will give a
proper connection without data loss and digital drop-outs.

Switching the inputs to ‚digital’:

K.M.E. DAP26
Presetinfo

Choose an option!‹ ›

ˆ

K.M.E. DAP26
Devicesettin

g

Choose an option!‹ ›

ˆ

Devicesettings
In-select: Analo

g

OK: Change Value ˆ>

K.M.E. DAP26
Preset Configuration

Choose an option! >

ˆ

Devicesettings
In-select: Di

g

ital

OK: Chan

g

e Value ˆ>

Devicesettings
In-select: Di

g

ital

OK: Chan

g

e Value ˆ>

ˆˆˆ

Follow this navigation scheme for selecting the digital audio input of the DAP 26. This
is one of the few actions that can only be used on the hardware unit itself!

Mains power connector / fuse

DAP 26

KLINGENTHALER

MUSIKELE KTRONIK

GmbH

MADE IN GERMANY

FUSE

1 AT

85-264V~AC;

50-60Hz

CAUTION!

PULL
PLUG

BEFORE

OPENING!

Connect the supplied mains power cable to this socket. If the supplied cable is not
conform to your local mains allocation, use another cable which fits to the necessary
specification or ask a technician to change the mains plug. The DAP 26 works with all
types of mains power between 100 and 250 volts without pre-selection.

If the fuse breaks, replace it by using an 1 amp slow-blow fuse of the 5x20 shape. Do
NOT use fuses different to that type and do NOT try things like ‘patching’ the broken
fuse with aluminium foil etc. because this may lead to risk of fire or electric shock!

If the new fuse burns out again then there might be a damage inside the unit! There
are no user-serviceable parts inside the DAP 26! Contact the K.M.E. support in this
case!

Handling

Functional units (digital)

All of this functional units are to be set directly in the hardware unit or using the
K.M.E. Control software. The names refer to the MENU PROMPT.

Input Channels
DSP- functions in the input channels

Delay

Channel [1 … 3]
Value [0 – 2.000 ms]

Time-delay in the input and all output channels routed to this input channel
(Master – Delay).

Mute

Channel [1 … 3]
Value [Mute Off … Mute On]
Mute in the input and all output channels routed to this input channel (Master –
Mute).

Gain

Channel [1 … 3]
Value [-60 dB ... +10 dB]

Gain in the input and all output channels routed to this input channel (Master –
Gain). The output level pots are to be used independently!

Filters

Channel [1 … 3]
Filter [1 ... 5]
Type [Filter type – see chapter ‚Filters’]
Frequency [20 Hz ... 44 kHz]
Q (bandwidth) [0,1 … 20]
Gain (boost/cut) [-20 dB … +12 dB]

Equalizer of the Input and all output channels routed to this input (Master –
EQ). This EQ can be used as ‘main’ equalizer for the PA system . More
information to the filters is given in the chapter ‚Filters’!

Output Channels
DSP- functions in the output channels

Delay

Channel [1 … 6]
Value [0 - 500 ms]

Time-delay in the output

Mute

Channel [1 … 6]
Value [Mute Off … Mute On]

Mute of the output

Gain

Channel [1 … 6]
Value [-60 dB ... +10 dB]
Gain level of the output

Phase

Channel [1 … 6]
Phase [0° (In Phase) … 180° (Out of Phase)]
Polarity of the output

Filter

Channel [1 … 6]
Filter [1 ... 5]
Type [Filter type – see chapter ‚Filters’]
Frequency [20 Hz ... 44 kHz]
Q (bandwidth) [0,1 … 20]
Gain (boost/cut) [-20 dB … +12 dB]

Equalizer of the Output which can be used for correction of different speaker
output ways. More information to the filters is given in the chapter ‚Filters’!

Xover

Channel [1 … 6]
LP-Type [Bypass; Butterworth; Linkwitz- Riley; Bessel]
LP-Freq [20 Hz ... 44 kHz]
LP-Order [1 ... 8] (filter-depending)
HP-Type [Bypass; Butterworth; Linkwitz- Riley; Bessel]
HP-Freq [20 Hz ... 44 kHz]
HP-Order [1 ... 8] (filter-depending)

Frequency crossover networks for the different output channels. Using a single
filter (low-pass or high-pass) or a valid combination of both filter banks (band­pass) a powerful tool for controlling PA systems is given to the user.

The user can select a filter of the types Butterworth / Bessel and Linkwitz /
Riley. For users without profound knowledge of filter theory we recommend
using the Linkwitz- Riley filter algorithm for most applications.

Dynamic

Channel [1 … 6]

Type [Bypass; Limiter; Compressor]
Gain [-10 dB … +10 dB]
Threshold [-40 dB … +10 dB]
Knee [0 dB …10 dB]
Ratio [1:1 … 10:1] (nur Compressor)
Attack [0,1 ms … , 1000 ms]
Release [1 ms … 10000 ms]

Dynamic processor of the output.

Depending to the setting of the parameters a dynamic processing of the input
material will occur when the audio signal level exceeds the adjusted threshold
value. The gain reduction works corresponding to the selected algorithm
(compressor or limiter). The limiter works with a ratio of infinite:1 what means
that the input level may be theoretically be increased by any value without a
change in the output level which can be specified using the threshold and gain
slider.

The knee value describes the shape of the regulation curve. A knee value of 0
means a hard compression / limiting (the processing starts immediately after
exceeding the threshold level), a higher knee value describes a curve which is
more soft and sounds normally better depending on the program material.

The attack/release time draw the speed of the gain regulation mechanism. A
longer attack time will let some signal peaks pass which may sound more
powerful, a short attack time will give more protection to the speakers.

A longer release time is advantageous for maximum protection of speaker
components, on the other hand a short release time increases the average
sound level (using the compressor algorithm).

Noisegate

Channel [1 … 6]

Type [Bypass; Gate On]
Threshold [-85 dB … -35 dB]
Close [1 ms … 1000 ms]
Hold [1ms … 10000 ms]

Noise gate of the output. Due to the setting of threshold level the noise gate
can be used for gating disturbing background noise or even audio sources of
low level. Just set the threshold to the level you want to gate – set a hold time
(the processor “waits” this time before fading out the audio signal) and a close
time (length of the fade-out itself). When the audio level is above the threshold
again, it is faded in quickly and automatically!

Filter features

The DSP of the DAP 26 comes with many different filter types which are combinable
as desired. In the following you can find some short information about the filters and
their usage.

Context between bandwidth and the „Q“ factor

Bandwidth Q comment Q Bandwidth comment

(octaves) factor factor (octaves)

0,5 2,9 Narrow 0,4 3,0 wide
1,0 1,4 ... 1,4 1,0 ...
1,5 0,9 ... 2,4 0,6 ...
2,0 0,7 wide 4,4 0,3 narrow

Parametric filters
The so called ‚parametric’ filters are widely used in professional audio equipment, for
example in mixing desks or speaker processors. The curve of this filter is described
with certain parameters, mainly the centre frequency, the bandwidth and the gain
(boost/cut) of the filter. Combinations of these parameters can control the frequency
response of an acoustical system.

PEQ I

Parametric Equalizer Type I

Full-parametric equalizer with different bandwidth for boost (normal) and cut (more
narrow) to create more subtle changes in the audio material. We recommend using
this filter for ‘standard’ audio requirements.

Centre frequency 20 Hz - 44 kHz

Boost/cut + 12 dB - - 20 dB

bandwidth „Q“ 0,1 - 20

It is recommended to set the value for „Q“ between 0.4 (wide) – 1.4 (normal) – 4.0
(narrow). Higher / lower “Q” values are not recommended unless the user has
enough knowledge using this special filters.

PEQ II

Parametric Equalizer Type II
Full-parametric equalizer like the types known from mixing desks.

Centre frequency 20 Hz - 44 kHz

Boost/cut + 12 dB - - 20 dB

bandwidth „Q“ 0,1 - 20

It is recommended to set the value for „Q“ between 0.4 (wide) – 1.4 (normal) – 4.0
(narrow). Higher / lower “Q” values are not recommended unless the user has
enough knowledge using this special filters.