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Altus
User Manual
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Kinemetrics Altus User Manual

User Manual
使用手册
Altus Digital
Recorder
Altus 数字记录器
文件 302200 Document 302200
版本 I Revision I
2002 年 4月 April 2002
Warranties, Disclaimers & Trademarks 担保、免责和商标
Copyright © 2002 Kinemetrics, Inc.
The trademarks used throughout this manual, registered or not, are: Kinemetrics, QuickTalk, QuickLook, K2, Etna, EpiSensor, HypoSensor, FerriShield, Windows
This publication is provided "as is" without warranty of any kind, either expressed or implied, including, but not limited to, the implied warranties of merchantability, fitness for a particular purpose, or non-infringement. Kinemetrics, Inc. and its affiliates assume no responsibility for errors or omissions in this publication or other documents which are referenced by or linked to this publication.
References to corporations, their services and products, are provided "as is" without warranty of any kind, either expressed or implied. In no event shall Kinemetrics, Inc. be liable for any special, incidental, indirect or consequential damages of any kind, or any damages whatsoever, including, without limitation, those resulting from loss of use, data or profits, whether or not advised of the possibility of damage, and on any theory of liability, arising out of or in connection with the use or performance of this information.
This publication could include technical or other inaccuracies or typographical errors. Changes are periodically added to the information herein; these changes will be incorporated in new editions of the publication.
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be copied, photocopied, reproduced, transmitted, transcribed, or reduced to any electronic medium or machine-readable form without prior written consent of Kinemetrics, Inc.
Kinemetrics, Inc., 222 Vista Avenue, Pasadena, CA 91107 USA
Phone: (626) 795-2220 Fax: (626) 795-0868 E-mail: services@kmi.com Technical Support: support@kmi.com
Website: www.kinemetrics.com
Kinemetrics SA, Le Tresi 3, 1028 Preverenges, Switzerland
Phone: 21.803.2829 Fax: 21.803.2895 E-mail: kmi_sa@bluewin.ch
We warrant each new product manufactured by Kinemetrics for a period of one year from date of shipment. Defects in material or workmanship found within that period will be replaced or repaired (at our option) without charge for materials or labor. If Kine metrics authorizes the return of a product, we will pay the round trip freight charges to the factory for repair under warranty. If subsequent evaluation at Kinemetrics establishes that necessary repairs are due to misuse, then the customer must assume all charges.
Insurance for all shipments, either fir st sale or repair, are the resp onsibility of the customer. Kinemetrics can arrange to have a policy purchased on behalf of the customer for the first sale; however, it is the responsibility of the customer to notify the carrier immediately of any freight or handling damage. Kinemetrics will make every effort to assist the customer in filing a claim with the carrier or insurance company.
If on-site warranty repair or replacement is requir ed, the customer will be char ged the then-current field service rate for portal-to-portal travel time plus actual portal-to-portal travel charges. There is no charge for on-site warranty repair labor.
Items not manufactured by Kinemetrics but included in systems (e.g. peripherals, options) are warranted for 90 days from date of shipment.
Items not manufactured by Kin eme tr ics a nd not par t of a sy ste m (e.g. r ecord er s, printers, analyzers) may be warr an t ed by the original equipment manufacturer. Kinemetrics will do everything possib le to expedite and coordinate any warranty service from the original manufa ct ur er .
Software not produced by Kinemetrics may carry its own warranty and the customer should sign any appropriate license agreement(s) and return to software manufacturer. Kinemetrics assumes no responsibility for such third-party software.
KINEMETRICS INC.
222 Vista Avenue • Pasadena, CA 91107 U.S.A • (626) 795-2220 • FAX (626) 795-0868
http://www.kinemetrics.com
Warranty
• e-mail: services@kmi.com
KINEMETRICS 公司 Warranty 保单（担保条款）
我们承诺 Kinemetrics 公司制造的每件新产品都享受自发货日起算为期一年的担保期。在此期间所发现的材料和制造 缺陷都可得到更换或修理（由我们选择），免交工料费用。如果是 Kinemetrics 公司批准同意召回的产品，我们将按 照保单支付其往返工厂的运输费。如果经 Kinemetrics 公司后来的评估确定所做的修理是因为该产品使用不当所致， 客户则必须承担所有费用。
所有货物运输的保险，无论是初次售出还是返修，都是客户的责任。在初次销售，为客户的利益作想，Kinemetrics 公司可以代办保险单的购买；然而，即刻正式通知承担货物运输或应对风险的承运人是客户的责任。Kinemetrics 公 司奖尽力帮助客户向承运人或保险公司填报索赔要求。
如果必须在现场做担保承诺的修理或更换，客户则将要支付由此产生的包括门到门的旅行时间和实际花费的现场服务 费。至于在现场所做担保承诺的修理是免费的。
对于不是 Kinemetrics 公司制造的但属于系统一部分的项目（例如外围设备、选件），可享受自发货日起算为期 90 天 的担保期。
对于不是 Kinemetrics 公司制造的同时也不属于系统一部分的项目（例如记录器、打印机、分析仪），可由原设备制 造者提供担保。Kinemetrics 公司将尽可能地为促使原制造者履行同等的担保服务而做好每一件事。
不是由 Kinemetrics 公司产出的软件具有其自身的担保书，客户应签出适当的使用许可文件并返回软件制造者。 Kinemetrics 公司对此类第三方软件不承担责任。
本手册中文翻译内容仅供阅读英文原文时参考
完成并返回此服务卡 Service Card
Complete and
return this
card
Model: _______________ S/N ________________
完成及返回此卡
Service Card
Date: __________
Please add me to your Service Bulletin mail list............................ I would like to receive more information on your service for:
.......................................................................................................
Installation........................ Repair ...........................
Maintenance..................... Data Reduction.............
Calibration........................ Training.........................
My responsibilities can be described as:
Instrumentation technician.............................................................
Lab Manager..................................................................................
.......................................................................................................
My name is ________________________________________
Title ______________________________________________
Company __________________________________________
Address ___________________________________________
City ______________________________________________
State_____________ Zip _____________________________
I would like to purchase a Service Manual for my instrument
if it is ava ilable
Field Engineer................................................................................
……………………………………………........................................
Tel ( ) ___________________________________________
Services available from Kinemetrics
可由 Kinemetrics 公司提供的服务
Installation 安装
Field support for on-site installation, supervision and check-out of Kinemetrics products is available from Kinemetrics. Training for the customer’s staff is also available, either at Kineme trics’ facilities in P asadena, or at the customer’s s ite. We recommend contracting for installation services along with instrument procurement.
Kinemetrics 产品的现场安装、督察和检查等现场支持。并可为客户的工作人员提供技术 培训，培训地点在帕萨迪纳市 Kinemetrics 公司本部或客户指定的场地均可。我们建议将仪器交接与现场服务集中进行。
Maintenance 维护
Periodic field maintenance programs are offered for our products. Current programs include annual contracts to service accelerographs in high-rise buildings, free-field accelerographs, offshore platform monitoring systems, maintenance at nuclear power plants and seismic network maintenance.
丛建筑的加速度仪、自由场地加速度仪、；离岸浅海平台监测系统、核发电厂地震监测系统及地震台网等的年度维护服务合同。
对于我们的产品可以提供定期现场维护服务计划。通常的计划包括高
Recalibration and Repair 重校准和返修
Kinemetrics will repair and/or modify many types of electromechanical instruments and systems. All repair and calibrations are warranted for a period of 90 days for workmanship. European customer s may contact Kinemetrics S A for assistance at Le Trési 3, 1028 Prév erenges, Switzerland; E-mail: kmi_sa@b luewin.ch; telephone 021- 803 28 29; fax 021-803 28 95.
天。欧洲客户请接触 Kinemetrics 公司驻瑞士办事处户的帮助。
Kinemetrics 公司将可以修理和/或更改多种类型的电子机械仪器和系统。所有修理和校准担保为期 90 个工作
Kinemetrics 公司可提供对于
Data Reduction 数据整理
Kinemetrics offers digitization of records, conversion of data to engineering units, amplitude compensation, decimation, baseline correction, integration and differentiation, digital filtering, Fourier spectrum and response spectrum computation, plotting, and outp ut of tapes for the customer’s use.
换、振幅校准、筛选、基线校正、积分、微分、数字滤波、富利叶谱和反应谱计算、绘图和磁带输出等服务
Kinemetrics 公司可依客户使用需要提供记录数字化、数据工程单位转
。
For Faster Service 为了更快地获得服务
When returning any product to Kineme trics, please re quest an RMA number and make reference to this numb er in any following correspondence
后的信件联系中提及这个 RMA 号码。
. 当需要返回任何产品到 Kinemetrics 公司时，请要求一个 RMA（返修管理办公室）的号码，并在随
Declaration of Conformity
WE
KINEMETRICS, INC.
222 VISTA AVENUE
PASADENA, CA 91107
USA
hereby declare that the equipment specified conforms to the following
Directives and Standards:
Product Name: Kinemetrics Altus K2 Systems Product Description: Strong Motion Recording Systems Model Number(s): K2 12-channel, K2 6-channel, K2 4-channel, GP S
Option, Modem Option, External Sensors Option, FBA­23, FBA-23DH
Directives: 89/336/EEC, 73/23/EEC (93/68/EEC)
Standards: Safety: EN 61010-1
EMC: EN 55022, Class A EN 50082-2
Supplementary Information:
Pasadena, CA USA 14 August 1997
_______________________________
IAN M. STANDLEY VICE PRESIDENT, ENGINEERING
DOCUMENT 302200, REVISION I
Table of Contents
目录
Safety 安全
1. Getting Started 启动
Overview 总论......................................................................................... 1
Introduction 概述..................................................................................... 2
The Makalu..................................................... ...................................... . 9
Differences Between the Makalu & K2
Makalu 和 K2 间的不同之处.................................................. 11
Optimizing Makalu Performance 优化 Makalu 的性能........ 12
Inspecting the Recorder 观察、检查记录器
Handling Precautions 预防触摸危险............................................... 13
Installation Considerations 安装需要考虑事项 .................................. 13
Network Planning 台网设计............................................................. 14
Civil Engineering
Free-Field Installations 自由场的安装...................................... 14
Structural-Monitoring Installations 结构监测的安装................ 16
土建工程............................................................. 14
......................................... 12
Requirements for Installation 安装需备条件....................................... 16
Required Tools 必需的工具............................................................. 17
For the recorder 用于记录器的................................................. 17
For the GPS Timing System 用于 GPS 时间系统的.................. 17
DOCUMENT 302200, REVISION I
For an External EpiSensor 用于外接 EpiSensor........................18
Required Supplies Required Equipment
必需的补给品....................................................18
必需的设备器材............................................18
Practice Assembly实际集合演练.........................................................19
Why Practice In the Laboratory? 为何要在实验室内演练？.........19
2. Installation Basics 安装基础
Overview 总论.......................................................................................21
Installing the Basic Recorder 记录器基本安装 ....................................22
Installing Support Software 安装支持软件.........................................22
Orienting a Recorder with an Internal EpiSensor
内置 EpiSensor 摆记录器的定向 .......................................................22
Mounting the Recorder 记录器固定 ...................................................24
Floor-Mounting (Recommended) 地板固定（推荐）...............25
Shelf-Mounting 支架搁板固定...................................................30
Wall-Mounting 墙壁固定...........................................................30
Grounding the Recorder 记录器接地.................................................31
The Makalu...................................... ... ...................................... ...33
Connecting Your PC 连接 PC 机 ........................................................33
Connecting the Internal Battery 连接内置电池 ..................................36
Connecting the Power Supply 连接供电电源.....................................38
Verifying Basic Unit Operation 检验基本单元操作..........................40
Turning On the Power 接通电源 ................................................40
Front Panel Display 前面板显示 ................................................40
Running QuickTalk 运行 QuickTalk.................................................42
Zero-Adjusting Internal EpiSensors 内置 EpiSensor 摆调零位 ...........43
Adjustment Instructions调节指示 ......................................................44
Maximizing EpiSensor Performance EpiSensor 摆性能最佳化........45
Connecting the Internal Modem 连接内置 Modem ............................46
Connecting a GPS Timing System 连接 GPS时钟 ...........................47
Setting Up Optional Gain Boards 安装增益板选件 ...........................48
DOCUMENT 302200, REVISION I
Connecting External Modems连接外设 Modems................................ 49
Preparing a Modem Cable 准备 Modem 连接电缆............................ 49
Connecting to a Telephone System 连接到电话系统....................... 50
Verifying Modem Operation 检验 Modem 的运转........................... 50
Powering Down 切断电源..................................................................... 51
Documenting the Installation 安装建档................................................ 52
3. Configuring & Operating Instruments 设置和操作仪器
Overview 总论....................................................................................... 53
Configuring Instruments 设置仪器....................................................... 53
Station Parameter Selection台站参数选择........................................ 56
Selecting Channels to Record 配置记录通道 ........................... 56
Stream Parameter Selection 数据流参数选择................................... 56
Recorded Data Rate 记录数据采样率........................................ 56
Pre-Event Time 事件前时间 ...................................................... 57
Post Event Time 事件后时间 .................................................... 58
Minimum Run Time 最短运行时间........................................... 58
Channel Triggering 通道触发............................................................. 58
Triggering in Strong Motion Applications 强震动应用的触发......... 59
Alarms 警报器............................................................................ 60
Triggering in Weak Motion Applications 弱震动应用的触发 .......... 60
Causal Filters诱导滤波器.......................................................... 60
Trigger Filters 触发滤波器......................................................... 62
STA/LTA Triggering 长短时平均触发 .................................... 64
Trigger Voting Parameters触发表决参数.......................................... 72
Channel Weights (Trigger/Detrigger V otes)
通道权重（触发/不触发表决）............................................... 72
Trigger Weight 触发权重 ........................................................... 73
Keyboard Votes键盘表决.......................................................... 73
External Votes外部表决............................................................ 73
Examples of Voting Schemes 表决方案实例 ........................... 73
DOCUMENT 302200, REVISION I
Data Storage Configuration数据存储设置.........................................74
Primary & Secondary Storage主要的和第二位的存储.............74
Tree or Flat File System 树形或平面体系..................................75
Preparing New PCMCIA Cards 准备新的 PCMCIA 卡.............75
RS232 Direct Connection RS- 232直接连接.............................77
Modem and Other Remote Connections Modem和其他远程连接...77
Answer Mode: Phoning In to the Re corder
应答方式:打电话到记录器....................................................77
Autocall Mode: Using the Recorder to Phone You
自动方式：由记录器给你通话...............................................78
Cellular Phone Control 便携蜂窝电话控制 ................................ 79
Digital Field Station数字现场台站....................................................82
Hardware Connection to Digital Field Station
数字现场台站的硬件连接.........................................................82
Overview of Digital Field Station Protocols
数字现场台站协议综述.............................................................82
Configuring the Digital Field Station
数字现场台站设置.....................................................................83
Serial Data Streams 串行数据流.........................................................83
Description of the Serial Data Stream Protocol
串行数据流协议描述.................................................................84
Mode 1.........................................................................................85
Mode 2.........................................................................................85
Mode 3.........................................................................................85
Configuring the Serial Data Stream串行数据流设置................85
TCP/IP Support TCP/IP 支持.............................................................86
Sensor Settings 传感器安装...............................................................86
Security & Passwords 安全和密码....................................................87
Checking the Recorder Setup 检查记录器的设置.............................87
Performing a Functional Test 完成功能试验.....................................88
The K2.......................................... ... ...................................... ......88
The Makalu...................................... ... ...................................... ...90
DOCUMENT 302200, REVISION I
Operating the Recorder 运行记录器 .................................................... 91
Retrieving Data from the Recorder 从记录器回收数据.................... 91
RS-232 Direct Data Retrieval RS-232 直接数据回收 ............... 91
Retrieving Data Remotely 远程回收数据................................. 93
Downloading Data Automatically 数据自动下载............................. 93
Finding Files 查找文件....................................................................... 93
Retrieving Files 回收文件 .................................................................. 94
Managing Data Storage & Deleting Fil e s
管理数据存储和文件删除................................................................. 95
Removing P C MCIA Cards 取出 PCMCIA 卡................................... 96
Configuring the Instrument Using an Aut oL oa d. pa r fi le
用 Autoload.par 文件设置仪器.................................................. 97
Analyzing Recorder Data 分析记录器的数据 ................................... 97
QuickTalk & 和 QuickLook ....................................................... 97
Getting Data into Other Programs 取数据进入其它程序.......... 97
Kinemetrics-Supplied Support Programs
Kinemetrics 提供的支持程序.................................................... 98
Support Software for the Makalu 用于 Makalu 的支持软件.... 99
Kinemetrics’ Strong Motion Analysis Program
Kinemetrics 公司的‘强震动分析程序(SMAP)’..................100
Network Management System 网络管理系统...................................100
Short Message Service 短信息服务..................................................101
Troubleshooting 故障排除.................................................................. 101
4. Maintenance & Service 维护和服务
Overview 总论..................................................................................... 103
Performing a Three Month System Check 完成三个月的系统检查 103
Performing a Regular Maintenance Check 完成常规维护检查........ 104
Step 1 Run Remote Check Tests 第一步：运行远方检查试验...105
Step 2 Adjust the Accelerometers 第二步：调节加速度计..........106
Step 3 Replace the Desiccant 第三步: 重置干燥剂.......................106
Step 4 Complete a Functional Test Before Leaving the Site
DOCUMENT 302200, REVISION I
第四步：临离现场前完成一次功能试验........................106
Performing a Remote System Check 完成远程系统检查 .................107
Step 1 Functional Test & Sensor Res p on se Test
第一步：功能试验和传感器反应试验............................108
Step 2 Checking Sensor Offsets 第二步： 检查传感器的零位偏离108
The Makalu............................................................................ ... .109
Step 3 Checking System Restarts 第三步：检查系统的重新启动109
Step 4 Checking System Voltages第四步：检查系统的电压.....111
Step 5 Checking GPS Condition 第五步： 检查 GPS 状态 .........113
Replacing Batteries 置换电池 ............................................................118
Battery Specifications 电池特性.......................................................118
Battery Installation 电池安装...........................................................119
Battery Recycling 电池回收利用.....................................................122
Replacing Fuses 置换熔断丝...............................................................124
The Makalu............................................................................ ... .126
Replacing PCMCIA Cards or Hard Drives 置换 PCMCIA 卡或硬驱127
Cleaning the Recorder 清洁记录器.....................................................128
Troubleshooting & Service 故障排除和服务 ....................................129
Hardware Problems 硬件问题..........................................................129
Installing New Firmware 安装新的固件..........................................130
Decommissioning & Recycling 退役及回收再利用 .........................139
DOCUMENT 302200, REVISION I
5. Reference 参考资料
Technical Overview 技术总论............................................................ 141
System Overview 系统综览................................................................ 141
EpiSensor Deck Theory of Operation
EpriSensor装置的运行理论............................................................... 144
Working Principle 工作原理.............................................................145
Features of the Internal EpiSensor Deck 内置 EpiSensor 装置特性147
Cal Coil 标定线圈 .....................................................................147
EEPROM....................................................................................147
Pole Zero Representation of the EpiSensor
EipSensor 的极零表达.......................................................................148
Polarity Conventions 极性约定 .........................................................151
External Sensors 外接传感器...........................................................151
K2 ADC/DSP Board K2 模数转换/数字信号处理板......................152
Analog Signal Conditioning 模拟信号状况..............................153
Analog-to-Digital Conversion 模数转换...................................154
Digital-Signal Processor 数字信号处理器................................155
Other ADC/DSP Features 其它模数转换/数字信号器特性 ....155
Makalu ADC/DSP Board
Makalu 模数转换/数字信号处理板.................................................156
Isolation Barrier 隔离屏.............................................................158
Analog-to-Digital Conversion 模数转换...................................158
Digital-Signal Processor 数字信号处理器...............................159
Other ADC/DSP Features 其它模数转换/数字信号器特性 ....159
ADC/DSP Board Jumper Confi g uration
模数转换/数字信号器跳线设置.......................................................160
109440 K2 ADC/DSP Board
K2 模数转换/数字信号处理板.................................................160
109590 Makalu ADC/DSP Board
Makalu模数转换/数字信号处理板..........................................162
MCU System Controller Board
DOCUMENT 302200, REVISION I
MCU 系统控制板..............................................................................1 64
Flash Firmware Operation 闪存固件运行................................165
Timing System Operation 时间系统运行................................166
PCMCIA Board PCMCIA 卡板 .....................................................166
Power Supply Board 电源供应板....................................................168
Front Panel Board 前面板 ................................................................170
System Power Requirements 系统电源功率需求..............................171
EpiSensor Power Consumption EpiSensor 功耗 ............................174
Power Supply Adapter Ratings 供电适配器额定值........................175
Operating Temperature 运行温度 ......................................................175
Operating Humidity 运行湿度............................................................176
Detailed Electrical Interface 电气接口详述........................................176
Connector Pin Definitions 连接器接脚定义.......................................179
RS-232C 通信接口............................................................................179
Ext Power 外接电源接口 ............................................................ ....181
Auxiliary 辅助接口 ...........................................................................182
GPS Antenna GPS天线接口............................................................185
External Sensor Input 外接传感器输入接口...................................185
The K2............................................................................... .... ....186
The Makalu............................................................................ ... .186
Firmware Overview 固件综述.............................................................190
Boot Loader 引导装载器..................................................................190
Application Block 应用块.................................................................190
Firmware Features 固件特性..............................................................191
Filtering and Decimation 滤波和筛选.............................................191
Causal/Acausal Filtering诱导/非诱导滤波..............................192
K2 Clip Indicator K2 限幅指示 ..............................................192
Makalu Clip Indicator Makalu 限幅指示...............................193
K2 Group Delay K2 群延迟.....................................................193
Makalu Group Delay Makalu 群延迟 ......................................195
STA/LTA Triggering
长、短项平均触发 ...................................196
DOCUMENT 302200, REVISION I
Makalu Dynamic Range & Noise Makalu 的动态范围和噪声 ... 197
Noise Testing for the Makalu Makalud 的噪声试验..............198
Stepped Sine Wave Test 阶梯正弦波试验..............................202
6. Advanced Installations 高级安装
Overview 总论..................................................................................... 205
External Sensors
EpiSensor ES-U................................................................. .................205
EpiSensor ES-T.............................................. .... ................................205
外接传感器........................................................... 205
Changing Internal EpiSensor Range & Voltage Levels on the K2
改变 K2 中内置 EpiSensor 的量程和电压水平...................... 206
Output Voltage Level输出电压水平 ..............................................208
Additional Jumper Settings
HypoSensor ........................................................................................210
Legacy FBA Instruments 传统的 FBA 仪器..................................... 212
FBA-23s .............................................................................................212
FBA-11s .............................................................................................212
Passive Seismometers 无源地震计 ................................................. 214
Connecting an SS-1 连接 SS-1........................................................214
SS-1 Connected to a Recorder without a Gain Board
将 SS-1 连接到未配置增益板的记录器..................................214
附加跳线设置......................................209
SS-1 Connected to a K2 or Makalu with Gain Board
将 SS-1 连接到配置有增益板的 K2 或 Makalu 记录器..........215
Active and Broad Band Seismometer 有源宽带地震计 ................ 216
Connecting a WR-1 to a K2 连接 WR-1 到 K2...............................216
Options on the Auxiliary Connector 关于辅助连接器的选项..... 216
Interconnected Units and Common Triggering
互连单元和公共触发.......................................................................216
Local Interconnect Method 局域互连方法 ..............................216
Parameter Settings for Interc onnected Units
互连单元的参数设置................................................................217
DOCUMENT 302200, REVISION I
Timing Considerations for Interconnected Units
互连单元的时间考虑..............................................................219
Master/Slave or Shared GPS Operation
主/从模式或分享 GPS 运行模式 ..............................................219
Extended Interconnect Option 扩展互连选项.........................220
Common Triggering 公共触发................................................220
Hardware Timing Options 硬件时间选项.......................................221
IRIG Connections IRIG（串行时间编码）连接........................221
IRIGIN IRIG 输入..................................................................222
IRIGOUT IRIG 输出................................................................222
K2 Fourth Channel Input Hardware Alarms Powering External Equipment
Controlling Power to External Telecomm Equipment
硬件警报器 .......................................................223
K2 的第四通道输入..............................222
外接设备供电...............................223
控制外接电话设备的电源............................................................223
Connection 连接.......................................................................224
Call-In/Call-Out Windows 呼进/呼出窗口..............................224
Using Call-In/Call-Out Windows for Timed Recording
用呼进/呼出窗口功能适时记录............................................224
Connecting An External Battery User-Supplied Charging Systems Advanced Telecommunications Options
Cellular Phone Connections 便携蜂窝式电话连接......................227
Digital Cellular Phones
连接外电池..................................224
用户提供的充电系统.............226
高级无线通讯选项 .......226
数字蜂窝式电话......................................228
ISDN Access Frame Relay Access Spread Spectrum Radios Satellite Connections
ISDN 通道..................................................................228
帧中继传播通道 ..........................................228
展布频谱传输无线电...........................228
人造卫星连接..............................................229
Paging 传呼（呼名页面调度）.................................................229
Makalu & K2 Specifications
Makalu 和 K2 的特性.......................230
DOCUMENT 302200, REVISION I
Internal EpiSensor Specifications 内置 EpiSensor 摆的特性......233
7. Appendix A 附录 A
Formatted K2 Header File 规格化的 K2 头段文件 ..........235
8. Appendix B 附录 B
ID Bus Address Assignments ID 总线地址分配 .......................... 241
I.D. Group 1 第一 I.D.组................................................................241
I.D. Group 2 I.D. Group 3
第二 I.D.组 ................................................................242
第三 I.D.组 ................................................................242
9. Index 索引
Table of Figures 图名目录
Figure 1: K2 with its cover off 打开了盖的 K2 ......................................... 4
Figure 2: Shoulder strap and hooks (optional)
Figure 3: Inside the K2 K2 的内部 ............................................................. 6
Figure 4: 6-channel Makalu recorder 6-通道 Makalu 记录器................. 10
Figure 5: Mounting dimensions 安装尺寸................................................. 23
Figure 6: K2 mounted with sufficient working space 安装 K2
必需的最小工作空间............................................................... 24
Figure 7: Drilling a hole for the anchor bolt Figure 8: Driving the anchor bolt and nut into the hole
杆和螺帽置入钻孔中
Figure 9: RS-232 cable assembly RS-232 电缆装配................................. 35
Figure 10: Internal battery 内置电池.......................................................... 37
Figure 11: Power supply assembly (PSA) 供电装置.................................. 38
Figure 12: Status display 状态显示............................................................ 41
Figure 13: Battery display 电池显示.......................................................... 41
Figure 14: Memory display 记忆显示........................................................ 42
Figure 15: Zero-adjusting an internal EpiSensor deck 内置
EpiSensor 装置的零位调节...................................................... 45
Figure 16: Connecting a GPS cable GPS 电缆连接 ................................... 48
Figure 17: Modem cable to connect to recorder unit 调制解调器
电缆连接记录器单元............................................................... 50
.................................................................. 28
肩带和挂钩(选件) .................... 5
钻锚着螺栓用孔 ....................... 27
将锚着螺
DOCUMENT 302200, REVISION I
Figure 18: Flow of data through Altus instruments 通过 Altus
仪器的数据流............................................................................55
Figure 19: Typical trigger filter response 典型的触发滤波器响
应................................................................................................62
Figure 20: Simplified flowchart of STA/LTA calculations
STA/LTA 计算的流程简图.......................................................66
Figure 21: EpiSensor functional test display EpiSensor 功能试
验的显示....................................................................................89
Figure 22: EpiSensor functional test display using firmware
released prior to August 1998
年 8 月前释放的
EpiSensor 功能试验.........................................90
Figure 23: Makalu functional test record
................................................................................................90
录
Figure 24: Internal battery components
用固件显示在 1998
Makalu 功能试验记
内置电池部件..........................122
Figure 25: EpiSensor fuses on an Makalu ADC/DSP board 在
Makalu 的 ADC/DSP 板上的 EpiSensor 熔断丝 ...................126
Figure 26: Block diagram of a recorder 记录器框图................................143
Figure 27: Simplified block diagram of an accelerometer 加速
度计的简化框图......................................................................144
Figure 28: Amplitude, phase, and step response
..............................................................................................149
响
Figure 29: X, Y and Z coordinates
X、Y 和 Z 的坐标方位...................151
振幅、相位频
Figure 30: Block diagram K2 ADC/DSP board (P/N 109440)
K2 的 ADC/DSP 板的框图(P/N 109440).............................153
Figure 31: Block diagram of Makalu 24-bit ADC/DSP board
(P/N 109590) Makalu 24-bit ADC/DSP 板的框图
(P/N 109590).............................................. .... ...... ...... ....... ...... .157
Figure 32: Spice model of Mak alu preamplifer response
Makalu 前置放大器的 Spice 模型
.......................................157
Figure 33: CS5322 filter response CS5332 滤波器响应..........................159
Figure 34: 109440 K2 ADC/DSP board Figure 35: 109590 Makalu 24-bit ADC/DSP board
Makalu 24-bit ADC/DSP 板
109440 K2 ADC/DSP 板 ................161
109590
..................................................163
Figure 36: Block diagram of MCU system controller MCU系
统控制器框图..........................................................................165
Figure 37: Block diagram of PCMCIA board PCMCIA板框图..............167
Figure 38: Block diagram of power supply
供电框图 ................................170
Figure 39: QLWIN display of 50Vp-p signal 50 Vp-p 信号的
QLWIN 显示............................................................................193
Figure 40: Example of Makalu group delay test Makalu群延迟
试验实例..................................................................................196
Figure 41: PSD computation of noise test data 噪声实验数据的
PSD 计算..................................................................................1 98
DOCUMENT 302200, REVISION I
Figure 42: QLWIN display of noise test data 噪声试验数据的
QLWIN 显示 ............................................................................200
Figure 43: SMA display of baseline corrected noise test data
线校准噪声试验数据的 SMA 显示
.....................................200
基
Figure 44: Dynamic range calculation 动态范围计算 ..............................201
Figure 45: KWNTP histogram of Makalu noise Makalu 噪声的
KWNTP 直方图 .......................................................................202
Figure 46: Stepped sine wave – entire record
部记录
......................................................................................203
Figure 47: Stepped sine wave – 50v section
50V 部分记录
..........................................................................203
Figure 48: Stepped sine wave – 20µv section
μv 部分记录
..........................................................................204
阶梯正弦波—全
阶梯正弦波—
阶梯正弦波—20
Figure 49: EpiSensor feedback board EpiSensor 反馈板 ..........................207
Figure 50: Full-scale range jumper settings
满量程跳线设置.................208
Figure 51: Internal EpiSensor oscillator board 内置 EpiSensor
振荡器板..................................................................................209
Figure 52: Mating connector on downhole cable 700306
孔电缆 700306 的连接器
Figure 53: Connecting an FBA-11 to the K2
..........................................................................................214
连接
Figure 54: To connect an SS-1 to the K2
.......................................................212
FBA-11 与 K2 的
SS-1 与 K2 的连接 ...............215
匹配井
Figure 55: Interconnecting with the local interconnect method
用局部互连方法进行互相连接............................................218
Tables 列表目录
Table 1: Suggested offset limits 建议的偏移量值限制 ....................................43
Table 2: Trigger types and sampling rates Table 3: F ile status codes
文件状态代码 ........................................................94
Table 4: Acceptable voltage ranges for an operating recorder 运行的记录器
可以接受的电压范围.................................................................................113
Table 5: Fuses and ratings
熔断丝和额定值.............................................126
Table 6: K2 system power requirements K2系统功率需要.....................171
Table 7: Makalu System power requirements Makalu系统功率需要......173
Table 8: EpiSensor static current drain from recorder power supply 从记录
器供电的 EpiSensor 静态电流消耗...........................................................174
Table 9: EpiSensor dynamic current drain EpiSensor动态电流消耗.......174
Table 10: RS-232C pin descriptions RS-232 接脚说明 ............................179
Table 11: External power connector descriptions
Table 12: Auxiliary pin descriptions 辅助接口接脚说明........................184
Table 13: External sensor input外接传感器输入......................................188
触发器型式和采样率.....................63
外接电源连接器说明 .......181
DOCUMENT 302200, REVISION I
Table 14: Corrections made by the MCU in the K2 用 K2 内的 MCU 做校
准 ................................................................................................................195
Table 15: Corrections made by the MCU in the Makalu 用 Makalu 内的
MCU 做校准 ..............................................................................................195
Table 16: Range/sensitivity calculations 量程/灵敏度计算 .....................206
Table 17: Output voltage-level jumper settings 输出电压水准跳线设置 209 Table 18: HypoSensor Connect ion 井下传感器
HypoSensor 连接......... 210
Symbols & T erms 符号和术语
These symbols may appear on Kinemetrics equipment or in this manual:
下述符号可能出现在 Kinemetrics 的设备上或本使用手册中：
安全 Safety
!
When you see this symbol, pay careful a tten t io n. Refer to the similarly marked, relevant part of this manual before servicing the instrument.
当你看见这个符号时需加倍小心。在保养仪器前，请参考本手册类此标 记的相关部分。
This symbol means a low-noise earth ground. The noted item should be grounded to ensure low-noise operation, and to serve as a ground return for EMI/RFI and transients. Such a ground does not work a s a safety ground fo r protection against electrical shock!
这个符号表示低噪声接地。应特别注意它应是保证低噪声运行和提供作 为 EMI/RFI 及瞬变接地回路的接地线。如此接地不是作为防护电冲击的 安全接地用的！
~ This symbol means an alternating current (AC) power line.
这个符号表示交流(AC)电源线。
This symbol means a direct current (DC) power line derived from an AC power line.
这个符号表示源自交流(AC)电源的直流(DC)电源线。 This symbol indicates an electrostatic sensitive device (ESD), meaning that
when handling the marked equipment you should observe all standard precautions for handling such de vices.
这个符号指示出了一个静电敏感设备器件装置(ESD)，当触摸有此标记的 装置时你必须遵守所有为触摸此类装置所需的常规预防措施。
CE
ALTUS DIGITAL RECORDER USER MANUAL SAFETY I
This symbol indicates that a particular step/process or procedure is required to ensure the installation maintains conformity to European requirements.
这个符号指示出了为保证安装维持对欧洲共同市场规定的遵从所需要的 独特的步骤/过程或程序。
These safety-related terms appear in this manual: 下列呈现在本文里的与安全相关的术语： Note: Statements identify information that you should consider before
moving to the next instruction or choice.
注释：陈述指明你在做下一步指示或选择行动之前所应予考虑的信息。
Caution statements identify conditions or practices that could result in damage to the equipment, the software, or other property.
告诫：陈述指明能够对设备、软件或其他物件产生危险的情况和 实践。
WARNING! statements identify conditions or p ractices that could result in personal injury or loss of life.
警告！陈述指明能够产生人身伤害或生命损失的情况和实践。
Specific Precautions 特定预 防措施
Follow the precautions below to ensure your personal safety and prevent damage to your Altus digital recorder.
遵从下面的预防措施可保障你的人身安全和防止你的 Altus 数字记录器的 损害。
The recorder is powered by an 18-24 VDC or 12 VDC sup plied by the power supply assembly, from external batteries or from the solar charging system. The recorder can also con tain an internal battery that can power the unit when external power sour ces fail.
记录器由一个 18-24VDC 或 12VDC 电源装置供电，该装置可由外接电池 或太阳能充电系统提供。记录器也可装置内电池，一旦外电源失效它就 提供记录器用电。
Safety ii
PTIONAL POWER SUPPLY ASSEMBLY 可选的供电装置
O
If you plan to power the recorder from the mains supply, we recommend Kinemetrics’ Power Supply A ssembly (PSA). Plug the PSA’s power cord into AC outlets that will not apply more than 260 Vrms between the supply
ALTUS DIGITAL RECORDER USER MANUAL
conductors or between either supply conductor and ground. A protective ground connection (provided throu gh the grounding conductor in th e PSA and its power cord) is essential for safe operation. The PSA is designed for indoor use only; it must not be subject to immersion in water, high humidity, or temperatures above 70ºC.
若你计划从主电源给记录器供电，我们建议用 Kinemetrics 供电装置 (PSA)。供电装置(PSA)以市电交流输入，其两极间或极地间电压不得大
于 260Vrms。保护接地连接(通过在 PSA 及其电源线里的接地导线提供的) 对安全运行是必需的。供电装置(PSA)仅供室内使用，不能让它浸水，处 于高的湿度或大于 70°C 的温度中。
U
SER-SUPPLIED BATTERIES OR CHARGING SYSTEM 用户自己提供电池
或充电器
If you supply your own charging system, make sure the system provides the correct voltage and current required by the recorde r. If you derive power fro m the mains supply, make sure there is adequate grounding for all the equipment. If you supply your own batteries, follow the warnings below.
若你提供你自己的充电系统，务须使该系统提供符合记录器需要的电压 和电流。若你由主电源供电，务须对所有设备都做好适当的接地。若你 提供你自己的电池，请遵从下面的警告。
I
NTERNAL BATTERY 内置电池
Follow the precaution s in this manual wh en handling and replacing th e intern al battery. Metallic instruments of any kind could short the battery terminals, resulting in fire or explosion. Do not drop the battery or attempt to disassemble it. When charging the battery, use a properly rated charger and do not overcharge the ba ttery. The only correct replacement b attery is a sealed lead­acid battery with relief vents and ratings comparable to the original battery. Never use a non-rechargeable battery in the recorder.
当触碰和置换内置电池时，请遵从本手册中的预防措施。任何一种金属 工具都可能造成电池两极短路，产生失火或爆炸。不可摔打电池或试图 拆卸它。当给电池充电时，需用适当量值的充电器，并且不能对电池过 充电。唯一恰当的可置换电池是具有等同于原来的电池的排卸压气 孔和 额定值的密封铅酸电池。切切不可用非可充电电池装进记录器里。
ROUNDING THE RECORDER & SYSTEM 记录器和系统的接地
G
When using the PSA to power the recorder from the AC mains supply, remember that the recorder is grounded through the PSA power cord. To avoid electric shock, plug the PSA cord into a properly wired receptacle where the protective earth ground has been verified . Do this verification before making any power connections to the recorder.
当用 PSA 供电装置作为从 AC 主电源向记录器供电，请记住记录器是通 过 PSD 电源线接地的。为避免电冲击，PSA 电源线应插入已被证实是具 有接地保护的适合的插座内。在将任何电源连接到记录器之前务请核实 这点。
ALTUS DIGITAL RECORDER USER MANUAL SAFETY III
USE THE PROPER POWER CORD 使用正规的电源线
Use the power cord and con nector supplied with PSA, or an equivalent IEC ­standard power cord. Be sure that it is in good condition.
请使用 PSA 提供的电源线和连接器，或等同的 IEC-标准电源线。确认它 处于最好的状态。
SE THE PROPER FUSES 使用正规的熔断丝
U
To avoid fire hazard, use on ly the fuses specified in Chapter 4, Maintenance and Service. Match them by type, voltage rating and current rating. Fuses
should only be replaced by a qualified technician and the instru ment must be disconnected from all power sources before touching the fuses.
为了避免火灾，仅可使用在第四章维护和服务中指明的熔断丝。使它们 与规定的型号、电压额定值及电流额定值相符。熔断丝只能由高素质的 技术人员去更换，并且在触碰熔断丝之前必须切断仪器的所有电源。
S
ENSOR CABLING & GROUNDING 传感器电缆架设和接地
In installations where sensors are mounted some distance from the recorder, and where both sensors and the recorder are grounded locally, it is very important to make sure that all connected units are grounded at the same voltage. Otherwise, potentially lethal voltages could result on the connecting cables.
当传感器被安装在与记录器有一定距离的场合，和当传感器与记录器都 在本地接地的场合，必定要使所有相连的单元接地电压相同，这一点十 分重要。否则，在连接电缆上可能产生潜在的致命电压。
D
O NOT OPERATE IN EXPLOSIVE ATMOSPHERES 不要在易爆大气环境
中运行
The recorder and the PSA provide no explosive protection from static discharges or arcing components. Do not operate the equipment in an atmosp here of e xplosive gases.
记录器和 PSA 都没有提供由于静电释放或电弧成分引致爆破的保护。不 能在易爆气体大气环境中操作这类设备。
Safety iv
ALTUS DIGITAL RECORDER USER MANUAL
Symbole & Begriffe
Sicherheit
Diese Symbole können auf Kinemetrics Geräte oder in diesen Manuel erscheinen:
Bedeutet Achtung! Wenn sie dieses Symbol auf ein Gerät sehen, muss den
!
gleich markierten Teil dieses Manuels beachet werden. Bevor irgend eine Unterhaltsarbeit angefangen wird, muss dieser Teil des Manuels gelesen werden. Wenn Sie dieses Symbol sehen, bitte besondere Achtung ge ben.
Bedeutet Erdung. Das erwaente Teil sollte geerdet werden, um eine "low noise" operation zu versichern, und dann auch als Erdung für EMI/ FRI und Transienten und solch eine Erdung wird nicht als Sicherheit gegen elektrischen Schock dienen!
~ Bedeutet Wechselstromzufuhr (AC) mit Elektroschock Gefahr.
Bedeutet Gleichstromzufuhr von AC Versorgung herkommend.
Bedeutet Elektrostatisch Sensibeles Element (ESD) für dessen Handhabung alle vorbeugende Vorsichtsmassnahmen genommen werden müssen.
Dies Symbol zeig t an, daß ein spezieller V organg oder Prozedur nötig is t um
CE
sicher zu stellen, daß die Installation Europäischen Anforderungen genügt. Folgende Darstellungen werden in diesen Manuel erscheinen:
Note: Darstellung welche Informationen Sie erhalten, die besonders beachtet
werden müssen, bevor sie zum nächsten Schritt gehen.
Caution: Darstellung bei dem die Missachtung in der Regel Gefahr für Defekte und Störungen im Gerät, Programm oder Zubehör besteht.
ALTUS DIGITAL RECORDER USER MANUAL SAFETY V
WARNING! Darstellung bei dem die Missachtung in der Regel Verletzungs – oder Lebensgefahr be steht.
Spezielle vorbeugende Massnahmen
Alle vorbeugende Massnahmen müssen beachtet werden für Ihre persönliche Sicherheit, und um Schäden im K2 oder Makalu Digitales Aufzeichnungsgeraet und System zu vermeiden.
S
TROMVERSORGUNG
Die Stromversorgung des digitales Aufzeichnungsgeraet braucht 18-24 VDC (sehr wahrscheinlich vom optionellen Netz-Stromversorgungs/ Ladegerät), oder 12VDC von Ihren eigenen externen Batterien oder Solar-Ladesystem. Die Aufzeichnungsgeraet kann auch seine eigenen Batterie enthalten, welche dafür entwickelt ist, um das System mit Strom zu versorgen, wenn die externe Stromversorgung entfällt. Unbeachtet welche Stromverso rgung gebraucht wird, müssen alle vorbeugende Massnahmen eingehalten werden.
O
PTIONELLES STROMVERSORGUNGS/LADEGERÄT
Falls geplant wird, die Aufzeichnungsgeraet mit dem Netz zu speisen, empfehlen wir das Kinemetrics Stromversorgungs/Ladegerät (Power Supply Assembly, PSA). Sie müssen dabei nur den PSA-Netzstecker einstecken (100­260VAC stufenlos). Die Erdung (mit der Erdungsleiter im Netzkabel) ist nötig für gefahrlose Arbeit vom digitales Aufzeichnungsgeraet. Das PSA ist nur für Innengebrauch, es darf nicht Wasser, hoher Luftfeuchtigkeit oder Temperaturen über 70ºC ausgesetzt werden.
B
ATTERIEN ODER LADESYSTEM DURCH BENUTZER GELIEFERT
Falls sie ihr eigen es Ladesystem gebrauch en, müssen sie sicherst ellen, dass es die durch das System benötigte Spannung und Strom liefert. Sie sind allein verantwortlich für die Sich erheit ihres Ladesystems. Wenn sie das System mit dem Netz speisen, müs ses Sie sicherstellen, da ss eine korrekte Erdung für das ganze System vorhanden ist. Falls sie ihre eigene Batterien benutzen, müssen sie die unterstehenden Warnu ng en beachten.
I
NTERNE BATTERIEN
Sie müssen die internen Batterien von Aufzeichnungsgeraet in voller Uebereinstimmung mit den vorbeugenden Massnahmen, die diesen Manuel beschrieben sind, handhaben und auswechseln. Sie müssen EXTREM VORSICHTIG sein, um sicherzustellen, dass zwischen die Kontakte der Batterie kein Kurzschluss entsteht. Es besteht Feuer-und Explosionsgefahr! In keinem Fall sollten die Batterien geworfen oder auseinander genommen werden. Wenn Sie die Batte rien aus dem Aufzeic hnungsgeraet entneh men, um zu laden, dann müssen Sie ein entsprechendes Ladegerät gebrauchen, und sicherstellen, dass die Batterien nicht überladen werden.
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ALTUS DIGITAL RECORDER USER MANUAL
ERDUNG DES DIGITALES AUFZEICHNUNGSGERAET
UND SYSTEM
Wenn Sie das Stromversorgungs/Ladegerät gebrauchen, um die Aufzeichnungsgeraet vom Netz zu speisen, dann erden sie die Aufzeichnungsgeraet durch das Netzkabel mit der Erdung der Steckdose. Um ein Elektroschock zu vermeiden, müssen sie sicherstellen, dass die Erdung der Steckdose getestet ist. Tuen Sie dieses bitte ehe Sie das Aufzeichnungsgeraet digitales Aufzeichnungsgeraet am Netz anschliessen.
G
EBRAUCH VOM EIGENEN NETZKABEL
Falls Sie das Stromversorgungs/Ladegerät gebrauchen, stellen Sie sicher, dass nur das mitgelieferte Netzkabel (oder ein equivalentes IEC-standard Netzkabel) gebraucht wird. Benutzen Sie nur ein Kabel in gutem Zustand.
G
EBRAUCH VON EIGENE SICHERUNGEN
Um Feuer zu vermeiden, gebrauchen Sie nur Sicherungen die im Kapitel 4 in diesem Manuel besch rieben sind. Stellen sie sicher, das S pannung und Strom übereinstimmen. Sicherungen sollten nur durch einen qualifizierten Techniker ausgewechselt werden . Sie müssen sicherstellen, dass das Gerät nicht mehr an eine Stromversorgung angeschlossen ist, bevor eine Sicherung ausgewechselt wird.
V
ERKABLUNG UND ERDUNG VOM SENSOR
In Installationen, wo FBA Sensoren vom Aufzeichnungsgeraet entfernt montiert sind und wo beide Sensoren und die Aufzeichnungsgeraet lokal geerdet sind, ist es sehr wichtig, dass sichergestellt wird, dass alle angeschlossenen Einheiten am gleichen Spannungspotential geerdet werden. Es könnten anderenfalls gefährliche Spannungspot entiale im Kabel entstehen.
N
ICHT IN EXPLOSIONSGEFÄHRDETE UMGEBUNG GEBRAUCHEN
Der Aufzeichnungsgeraet und das Stromversorgungs/Ladegerät haben KEINE EXPLOSIONS-SCHUTZ von statische Entladungen oder funkgefährdete Bauteile. Gebrauchen sie die Geräte NICHT in Umgebungen m it explosi ve n Gasen.
ALTUS DIGITAL RECORDER USER MANUAL SAFETY VII
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