Keysight Technologies N1810 Series, N1810T, N1810U, N1811T, N1812U Operating And Service Manual

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Keysight N1810/1/2 Low PIM Coaxial Switch

Operating and Service Manual

Notices

CAUTION

WARNING

duced in any form or by any means (including electronic storage and retrieval or translation into a foreign language) without prior agreement and written consent from Keysight Technologies as governed by United States and international copyright laws.

Manual Part Number

N1810-80002

Edition

Edition 3, March 14, 2019

Printed in:

Printed in Malaysia

Published by:

Keysight Technologies Bayan Lepas Free Industrial Zone, 11900 Penang, Malaysia

Technology Licenses

The hardware and/or software described in this document are furnished under a license and may be used or copied only in accordance with the terms of such license.

Declaration of Conformity

Declarations of Conformity for this product and for other Keysight products may be downloaded from the Web. Go to http://www.keysight.com/

go/conformity. You can then search by

product number to find the latest Declaration of Conformity.

U.S. Government Rights

The Software is “commercial computer software,” as defined by Federal Acquisition Regulation (“FAR”) 2.101. Pursuant to FAR 12.212 and 27.405-3 and Department of Defense FAR Supplement (“DFARS”) 227.7202, the U.S. government acquires commercial computer software under the same terms by which the software is customarily provided to the public. Accordingly, Keysight provides the Software to U.S. government customers under its standard commercial license, which is embodied in its End User License Agreement (EULA), a copy of which can be found at http://www.keysight.com/

find/sweula. The license set forth in the

EULA represents the exclusive authority by which the U.S. government may use, modify, distribute, or disclose the Software. The EULA and the license set forth therein, does not require or permit, among other things, that Keysight: (1) Furnish technical information related to commercial computer software or commercial computer software documentation that is not customarily provided to the public; or (2) Relinquish to, or otherwise provide, the government rights in excess of these rights customarily provided to the public to use, modify, reproduce, release, perform, display, or disclose commercial computer software or commercial computer software documentation. No additional government requirements beyond those set forth in the EULA shall apply, except to the extent that those terms, rights, or licenses are explicitly required from all providers of commercial computer software pursuant to the FAR and the DFARS and are set forth specifically in writing elsewhere in the EULA. Keysight shall be under no obligation to update, revise or otherwise modify the Software. With respect to any technical data as defined by FAR 2.101, pursuant to FAR

12.211 and 27.404.2 and DFARS

227.7102, the U.S. government acquires no greater than Limited Rights as defined in FAR 27.401 or DFAR

227.7103-5 (c), as applicable in any technical data.

Warranty

THE MATERIAL CONTAINED IN THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED “AS IS,” AND IS SUBJECT TO BEING CHANGED, WITHOUT NOTICE, IN FUTURE EDITIONS. FURTHER, TO THE MAXIMUM EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW, KEYSIGHT DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES, EITHER EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, WITH REGARD TO THIS MANUAL AND ANY INFORMATION CONTAINED HEREIN, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. KEYSIGHT SHALL NOT BE LIABLE FOR ERRORS OR FOR INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES IN CONNECTION WITH THE FURNISHING, USE, OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS DOCUMENT OR OF ANY INFORMATION CONTAINED HEREIN. SHOULD KEYSIGHT AND THE USER HAVE A SEPARATE WRITTEN AGREEMENT WITH WARRANTY TERMS COVERING THE MATERIAL IN THIS DOCUMENT THAT CONFLICT WITH THESE TERMS, THE WARRANTY TERMS IN THE SEPARATE AGREEMENT SHALL CONTROL.

Safety Information

A CAUTION notice denotes a hazard. It calls attention to an operating procedure, practice, or the like that, if not correctly performed or adhered to, could result in damage to the product or loss of important data. Do not proceed beyond a CAUTION notice until the indicated conditions are fully understood and met.

A WARNING notice denotes a hazard. It calls attention to an operating procedure, practice, or the like that, if not correctly performed or adhered to, could result in personal injury or death. Do not proceed beyond a WARNING notice until the indicated conditions are fully understood and met.

2 Keysight N181x Operating and Service Manual

Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment Directive 2002/96/EC

This instrument complies with the WEEE Directive (2002/96/EC) marking requirement. This affixed product label indicates that you must not discard this electrical or electronic product in domestic household waste.

Product Category

With reference to the equipment types in the WEEE directive Annex 1, this instrument is classified as a “Monitoring and Control Instrument” product.

The affixed product label is as shown below.

Do not dispose in domestic household waste.

To return this unwanted instrument, contact your nearest Keysight Service Center, or visit http://about.keysight.com/en/companyinfo/environment/takeback.shtml for more information.

Sales and Technical Support

To contact Keysight for sales and technical support, refer to the support links on the following Keysight websites:

– www.keysight.com/find/lowPIM

(product-specific information and support, software and documentation updates)

– www.keysight.com/find/assist

(worldwide contact information for repair and service)

Keysight N181x Operating and Service Manual 3

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4 Keysight N181x Operating and Service Manual

Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment Directive 2002/96/EC . . . . 3

Product Category . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

Sales and Technical Support . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

1Introduction

General Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

Key Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

2 Switch Configuration

Switch Drive Specifications (N1810T, N1810U, N1811T, N1812U) . . . 12

TTL Drive Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13

Driving the Switch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14

N1810U . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

N1810T . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

N1811T . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16

N1812U . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16

3 Specifications

Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18

General Operating Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18

RF specifications — N1810/1/2 Series (Frequency Options 004/020/

026) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19

Supplemental Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20

General Operating Characteristics — N181x series . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20

Environmental Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21

Physical Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22

4 Installation and Verification

Keysight N181x Operating and Service Manual 5

Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28

Initial Inspection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28

Operating and Service Instruction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29

Operator’s Check . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29

Performance Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30

Service Instructions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30

Troubleshooting Guide . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31

6 Keysight N181x Operating and Service Manual

1 Introduction

General Information 8 Key Features 10

This chapter provides an overview of the Keysight N181x Coaxial Switch.

Keysight N181x Coaxial Switch Operating and Service Manual

1Introduction

General Information

The Keysight N181x low PIM coaxial switch is designed with a rectangular coaxial structure similar to edge-line. This transmission line structure provides for movement of the edge-line center conductor between two fixed, continuous ground planes. The main advantage of this innovation is that the moving contacts can be easily activated, yet maintain high-isolation and low-insertion loss.

The RF contact configuration is designed for controlled wiping action. Since the outer conductor is not part of the switching function, repeatability and life are improved. The switching action occurs typically within 15 milliseconds, after which permanent magnets latch the contacts to retain the new switch position.

Figure 1-1 Keysight N181x Coaxial Switch

The N181x switch is “break before make”, the switched ports are not connected to each other. This prevents damage to sensitive circuits and enhances test simplicity.

There are two positions for the N181x family of switches. Standard switching is accomplished by applying the supply voltage to pin 5 (+V) and grounding either pin 4 (A) or pin 3 (B) to actuate the mechanism to the desired state. See “Physical

Specifications” on page 22.

8 Keysight N181x Operating and Service Manual

Introduction 1

WARNING

Minimum switch spacing is 6.0 mm (0.25 inch).

The N181x comes with current interrupt, the drive current is automatically disconnected after the switch is fully latched (15 ms).

Keysight N181x Operating and Service Manual 9

1Introduction

Key Features

– High repeatability: <0.03 dB guaranteed up to 26.5 GHz up to 2 million cycles

– High isolation: >95 dB at 2 GHz

– Low SWR: <1.15 at 4 GHz

– Low-insertion loss: <0.42 dB at 4 GHz

– PIM level (typical): –165 dBc

10 Keysight N181x Operating and Service Manual

Keysight N181x Coaxial Switch Operating and Service Manual

2 Switch Configuration

Switch Drive Specifications (N1810T, N1810U, N1811T, N1812U)

TTL Drive Specifications 13 N1810U 15 N1810T 15 N1811T 16 N1812U 16

This chapter provides you information on driving the switch and the configuration to utilize the function of the position indicators.

2 Switch Configuration

Option Parameter Condition Min Nominal Max Unit

105

Supply voltage Supply current Supply voltage = 5 V

4.5

5 600

7.0

V mA

115

[1]

[1] Option 115: Characteristic life: 2 million cycles minimum, less than 2 million cycles when

driven at voltages 18 - 20 VDC.

Supply voltage Supply current Supply voltage = 15 V

12.0

15 250

20.0

V mA

124

[2]

[2] Option 124: Characteristic life: 2 million cycles minimum, less than 2 million cycles when

driven at voltages 28 - 32 VDC.

Supply voltage Supply current Supply voltage = 24 V

20.0

24 150

32.0

V mA

Switch Drive Specifications (N1810T, N1810U, N1811T, N1812U)

12 Keysight N181x Operating and Service Manual

Switch Configuration 2

TTL Drive Specifications

Option Parameter Condition Min Nominal Max Unit

401

High level input Low level input Max input current

Input voltage = 12.0 V Input voltage = 3.85 V

3.0

0.0

0.25

12.0

1.0

0.5

V V mA mA

Keysight N181x Operating and Service Manual 13

2 Switch Configuration

WARNING

Driving the Switch

– [1] Use adapter cable 11764-60011 with 87130A switch driver.

– [2] Drive level below –0.25 V will damage the TTL drive circuit.

– [3] Driving both select lines will disable the switch (see

“Troubleshooting Guide” on page 31).

– [4] Minimum switch spacing is 6.0 mm (0.25 inch).

STD drive connect GND to ground TTL drive connect GND to ground RF state INDICATOR state

A B A B

GND OPEN Hi Lo “A” “A”

OPEN GND Lo Hi “B” “B”

GND GND Hi Hi

Switching disabled (see Warning [3] above)

OPEN OPEN Lo Lo

GND: +V –V supply (see “Switch Drive Specifications (N1810T, N1810U, N1811T, N1812U)” on page 12)

OPEN (see Warning [1] above): +V to +V – 1.5 V

Hi: 3.0 V to 12.0 V

Lo: 0.0 V to 1.0 V (see Warning [2] above)

Switch remains at previous state

14 Keysight N181x Operating and Service Manual

N1810U

Switch Configuration 2

N1810T

Keysight N181x Operating and Service Manual 15

2 Switch Configuration

N1811T

N1812U

16 Keysight N181x Operating and Service Manual

Keysight N181x Coaxial Switch Operating and Service Manual

3 Specifications

Specifications 18 Supplemental Characteristics 20 Environmental Specifications 21 Physical Specifications 22

This chapter provides the specifications of the switch.

Specifications describe the warranted performance of the switch.

Supplemental and typical characteristics are intended to provide information useful in applying the switch by giving typical, but not warranted performance parameters.

3 Specifications

Specifications

Specifications refer to the performance standards or limits against which the switch is tested.

Typical characteristics are included for additional information only and they are not specifications. These are denoted as "typical", "nominal", or “approximate" and are printed in italics.

General Operating Data

Parameter Specification

Maximum power rating – Into internal termination – Into thru path – Hot switching – Cold switching

Coil Voltage 5, 15, 24 VDC

Connector SMA (f)

1 W CW, 7 VDC, 50 W pk, 10 μs max pulse duration, not to exceed 1 W average

2 W CW, 10 VDC, 100 W pk, 10 μs max pulse duration, not to exceed 2 W average 150 W CW at 3 GHz, 25 °C 120 W CW at 4.2 GHz, 25 °C

18 Keysight N181x Operating and Service Manual

Specifications 3

26.5

----------





0.45

26.5

----------





RF specifications — N1810/1/2 Series (Frequency Options 004/020/

026)

Isolation (dB) = 90 dB –

DC 4 GHz 1 2.4 GHz 20 GHz 26.5 GHz

90 85.47 75.96 67.36 60

Insertion loss (dB) = 0.35 +

DC 4 GHz 1 2.4 GHz 20 GHz 26.5 GHz

0.35 0.42 0.56 0.69 0.80

SWR DC-4 GHz 4-12.4 GHz 12.4-20 GHz 20-26.5 GHz

, where F is specified in GHz

1.15 1.25 1.30 1.60

Keysight N181x Operating and Service Manual 19

3 Specifications

Reference Conditions:

– Cold switching only (NO hot switching)

– Ambient temperature of 75 °C or less

– Sea level (0.88 derating at 15000 ft.)

– Load VSWR < 1.2 (see graph for derating

above 1.2 VSWR)

Supplemental Characteristics

General Operating Characteristics — N181x series

Figure 3-3 MAX Incident CW Power (Cold Switching) vs. Frequency

20 Keysight N181x Operating and Service Manual

Environmental Specifications

The switch is designed to fully comply with Keysight’s product operating environmental specifications.

Parameter Specification

Temperature –Operating –Storage –Cycling

Humidity –Operating –Storage – Condensation

Shock – Non-operating:

– Half-sine – Transportation

–Operating

[1]

–25 °C to 75 °C –55 °C to 85 °C –50 °C to 150 °C, 10 cycles

40 °C/95% RH, 5 days 65 °C/90% RH, 24 hours 40 °C/95% RH

500 G at 0.5 ms, 3 drops/direction 50 G Vibration: 8 m/s ±10% 50 G at 6 ms, 6 directions

Specifications 3

Vibration –Operating – Survival –Random

ESD Immunity – Direct discharge – Air discharge

RFI Radiated emission per CISPR 11

Magnetic field – Operating emission

– Operating immunity

[1] For Option 105, the environmental operating temperature range is –5 °C to +75 °C.

For Option 115, the environmental operating temperature range is –15 °C to +75 °C.

7 G rms, 5 to 2000 Hz at 0.25 in p-p 20 G rms, 20 to 2000 Hz at 0.06 in p-p, 4 min/cycle, 4 cycles/axis 7 G rms, 50 to 2000 Hz, 15 min/axis

6 kV (to outer conductor) 15 kV (to outer conductor)

AC magnetic emission (1.88 G rms) DC magnetic emission (5 G) 30 A/M rms at 47 Hz, 50 Hz, 60 Hz, and 189 Hz 150 A/M rms at 47 Hz and 189 Hz

Keysight N181x Operating and Service Manual 21

3 Specifications

N181OU

Physical Specifications

Parameter Specification

Net weight, kg (lb) 0.0600 (0.13)

Dimensions in millimeters and /inches

Keysight N181x Operating and Service Manual

N1810T

Specifications 3

Parameter Specification

Net weight, kg (lb) 0.100 (0.22)

Dimensions in millimeters and /inches

Keysight N181x Operating and Service Manual 23

3 Specifications

N1811T

Parameter Specification

Net weight, kg (lb) 0.100 (0.22)

Dimensions in millimeters and /inches

Keysight N181x Operating and Service Manual

N1812U

Specifications 3

Parameter Specification

Net weight, kg (lb) 0.100 (0.22)

Dimensions in millimeters and /inches

Keysight N181x Operating and Service Manual 25

3 Specifications

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26 Keysight N181x Operating and Service Manual

Keysight N181x Coaxial Switch Operating and Service Manual

4 Installation and Verification

Installation 28 Operating and Service Instruction 29 Troubleshooting Guide 31

This chapter provides you installation information and simple verification steps of the switch.

4 Installation and Verification

Installation

Initial Inspection

1 Inspect the shipping container for damage. If the shipping container or

cushioning material is damaged, it should be kept until the contents of the shipment have been checked for completeness and the instrument has been checked both mechanically and electrically.

– Check for mechanical damage such as scratches or dents.

– Procedures for checking electrical performance are given under “Operator’s

Check” on page 29 or “Performance Test” on page 30.

2 If the contents are incomplete, there is mechanical damage or defect, or the

instrument does not pass the electrical performance test, contact the nearest Keysight Sales and Service office (refer to “Sales and Technical Support” on

page 3). Keysight will arrange for repair or replacement of the damaged or

defective equipment. Keep the shipping materials for the carrier’s inspection.

3 If you are returning the instrument under warranty or for service, repackaging

the instrument requires original shipping containers and materials or their equivalents. Keysight can provide packaging materials identical to the original materials. Refer to “Sales and Technical Support” on page 3 for the Keysight office nearest to you. Attach a tag indicating the type of service required, return address, model number, and serial number. Mark the container FRAGILE to insure careful handling. In any correspondence, refer to the instrument by its model number and serial number.

28 Keysight N181x Operating and Service Manual

Operating and Service Instruction

CAUTION

NETWORK ANALYZER

Keysight Coaxial

Transfer Switch

Port 1 Port 2

POWER SUPPLY

Operator’s Check

The operator’s check is supplied to allow the operator to make a quick check on the switch prior to use or if a failure is suspected.

ESD exceeding the level specified in “Environmental Specifications” or RF power applied is greater than the maximum specified as in “Specifications” may cause permanent damage to the device.

Description

The N181x series coaxial switch is connected to a network analyzer configured for the S-parameter measurement. The network analyzer may be set to sweep over the whole or selected frequency range of the switch to be verified. The S-parameter measurement is the best way to determine if the switch is working properly.

Installation and Verification 4

Keysight N181x Operating and Service Manual 29

Figure 4-4 Connection to perform Quick Check

4 Installation and Verification

NOTE

Quick Check Procedure

1 Connect the common port of the switch to Port 1 of the network

analyzer and one of the outer RF ports to Port 2 of the network analyzer as illustrated in Figure 4-4.

2 For standard drive, apply ground to the corresponding “drive” pin to

close the selected path. Refer to “TTL Drive Specifications” on

page 13.

3 For TTL drive (option T24), apply “High” to the corresponding “drive”

pin to close the selected path. Refer to “TTL Drive Specifications” on

page 13.

4 Perform the S-parameter measurement and verify against

“Supplemental Characteristics” on page 20.

5 Repeat steps 1 to 4 until all paths are measured and verified.

Performance Test

The coaxial switch can be tested to the accuracy of the specifications with a network analyzer or equivalent equipment of suitable accuracy. If a network analyzer is available, test the instrument using the procedure in the analyzer’s operating manual.

Service Instructions

Adjustment and Repair

Keysight N181x low PIM coaxial switch does not require internal adjustments and is not recommended for repair.

If any of the low PIM coaxial switches fails within the warranty period, a new unit will be replaced.

Maintenance

The connectors, particularly the connector faces, must be kept clean. For instructions on connecting and care of your connectors, refer to the Microwave Connector Care Quick Reference Card (08510-90360).

30 Keysight N181x Operating and Service Manual

Troubleshooting Guide

Installation and Verification 4

Probable Cause Test

Not connected to supply

Supply not turned on Turn on power supply

Supply voltage less than minimum

Supply current low

OPEN state voltage too low

Select lines not at ground (STD DRIVE)

TTL “LOW” voltage too high

TTL “LOW” voltage < 0.0 V

TTL GND pin not grounded

Driving switch with 87130A

Measure voltage from control pin to +V

Measure current draw with drive pin selected

Measure voltage from control pin to +V

Measure voltage from drive select pin to ground

Measure voltage from ground pin to TTL drive pin

Allowable Range

Low Value High Value