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Keysight 81133A/81134A
Pulse Generator
User’s Guide
Important Notice
© Keysight Technologies 2005, 2019
Manual Part Number
5988-7401EN
Revision
April 2019
Printed in Germany
Keysight Technologies
Herrenberger Straße 130
D-71034 Böblingen
Germany
Authors: Keysight Technologies
Warranty
The material contained in this document is
provided "as is," and is subject to being changed,
without notice, in future editions. Further, to the
maximum extent permitted by applicable law,
Keysight disclaims all warranties, either express
or implied, with regard to this manual and any
information contained herein, including but not
limited to the implied warranties of
merchantability and fitness for a particular
purpose. Keysight shall not be liable for errors or
for incidental or consequential damages in
connection with the furnishing, use, or
performance of this document or of any
information contained herein. Should Keysight
and the user have a separate written agreement
with warranty terms covering the material in this
document that conflict with these terms, the
warranty terms in the separate agreement shall
control.
Technology Licenses
The hardware and/or software described in this
document are furnished under a license and may
be used or copied only in accordance with the
terms of such license.
Restricted Rights Legend
If software is for use in the performance of a U.S.
Government prime contract or subcontract,
Software is delivered and licensed as
"Commercial computer software" as defined in
DFAR 252.227-7014 (June 1995), or as a
"commercial item" as defined in FAR 2.101(a) or
as "Restricted computer software" as defined in
FAR 52.227-19 (June 1987) or any equivalent
agency regulation or contract clause. Use,
duplication or disclosure of Software is subject to
Keysight Technologies' standard commercial
license terms, and non-DOD Departments and
Agencies of the U.S. Government will receive no
greater than Restricted Rights as defined in FAR
52.227-19(c)(1-2) (June 1987). U.S. Government
users will receive no greater than Limited Rights
as defined in FAR 52.227-14 (June 1987) or DFAR
252.227-7015 (b)(2) (November 1995), as
applicable in any technical data.
Safety Notices
CAUTION
A CAUTION notice denotes a hazard. It calls
attention to an operating procedure, practice, or
the like that, if not correctly performed or adhered
to, could result in damage to the product or loss
of important data. Do not proceed beyond a
CAUTION notice until the indicated conditions
are fully understood and met.
WARNING
A WARNING notice denotes a hazard. It calls
attention to an operating procedure, practice, or
the like that, if not correctly performed or adhered
to, could result in personal injury or death. Do not
proceed beyond a WARNING notice until the
indicated conditions are fully understood and
met.
4
Keysight 81133A/81134A Pulse Generator User’s Guide, April 2015
Contents
Contents 5
Safety Requirements 9
Contents
Safety Summary 9
Environmental Conditions 9
Before Applying Power 10
Ground the Instrument 10
Do not Operate in an Explosive Atmosphere 10
Do not Remove the Instrument Cover 10
Initial Inspection 11
Power Requirements 12
Performance Requirements 12
Ventilation Requirements 12
Cleaning Recommendation 13
Declaration of Conformity 14
Introduction to the Keysight 81133A/81134A Pulse Generator 15
Benefits and Key Features 16
Front Panel Overview 17
Input and Outputs 18
Rear Panel Overview 20
Operating the Keysight 81133A/81134A Pulse Generator 21
Navigation through the Pages 22
How to Navigate through the Parameters at one Page 23
How to Select a Parameter from a Selection List 23
How to Change a Number Field 25
Setting Up Generic and Advanced Signals 29
Setting Up a Clock Signal 30
Using the Graphical User Interface 31
Keysight 81133A/81134A Pulse Generator User’s Guide, April 2015 5
Contents
Using the Remote Programming Interfaces 37
Setting Up a Pulse Signal 38
Using the Graphical User Interface 38
Using the Remote Programming Interfaces 41
Setting Up a Data Pattern 42
Using the Graphical User Interface 42
Using the Remote Programming Interfaces 47
Setting Up a Burst Signal 48
Using the Graphical User Interface 48
Using the Remote Programming Interfaces 53
Setting Up a Repetitive Burst Signal 54
Using the Graphical User Interface 54
Using the Remote Programming Interfaces 59
Setting Up Signals for a Stressed Eye Diagram
Measurement
60
Connecting the Instruments 61
Setting Up the 81134A by Using the Graphical User Interface 62
Setting Up the 33250A Waveform Generator 65
Viewing the Eye Diagram on the 86100 DCA 65
Play with the Settings 66
Using the Keysight 81133A/81134A Pulse Generator 67
Pages of the User Interface 68
Combining Parameters for Signal Generation 70
Instrument Modes 70
Pattern Modes 72
Signal Modes 73
Variable Crossover 74
Clock Sources 75
Start Mode 77
Trigger Out 77
Timing of Generated Signals 78
Clock 79
Pulses 80
Data Pattern 81
PRBS 82
Started Burst 83
6 Keysight 81133A/81134A Pulse Generator User’s Guide, April 2015
Contents
Repetitive Burst 84
Jitter Modulation 85
Saving and Recalling Settings 85
Updating the Firmware 87
Troubleshooting 89
Index 91
Keysight 81133A/81134A Pulse Generator User’s Guide, April 2015 7
Contents
8 Keysight 81133A/81134A Pulse Generator User’s Guide, April 2015
Safety Requirements
The following general safety precautions must be observed during
all phases of operation of this instrument. Failure to comply with
these precautions or with specific warnings elsewhere in this
manual violates safety standards of design, manufacture, and
intended use of the instrument.
Keysight Technologies assumes no liability for the customer's
failure to comply with these requirements.
Before operation, review the instrument and manual for safety
markings and instructions. You must follow these to ensure safe
operation and to maintain the instrument in safe condition.
Safety Summary
This product is a Safety Class 1 instrument (provided with a
protective earth terminal). The protective features of this product
may be impaired if it is used in a manner not specified in the
operation instructions.
All Light Emitting Diodes (LEDs) used in this product are Class 1
LEDs as per IEC 60825-1.
Environmental Conditions
This instrument is intended for indoor use in an installation
category II, pollution degree 2 environment. It is designed to
operate within an operating temperature range of 0 – 55 °C (32 –
130 °F) at a maximum relative humidity of 95% and at altitudes of
up to 2000 meters.
Refer to the specifications tables for the ac mains voltage
requirements and ambient operating temperature range.
Keysight 81133A/81134A Pulse Generator User’s Guide, April 2015 9
Safety Requirements Safety Summary
Before Applying Power
Verify that all safety precautions are taken.
The power cable inlet of the instrument is used to disconnect the
instrument from the mains in case of hazard. The instrument must
be positioned so that the operator can easily access the power
cable inlet.
When the instrument is mounted in a rack, the rack must be
provided with an easily accessible mains switch.
General operation advises the mains supply voltage fluctuations
are not to exceed 10% of nominal supply voltage
Ground the Instrument
To minimize shock hazard, the instrument chassis and cover must
be connected to an electrical protective earth ground. The
instrument must be connected to the ac power mains through a
grounded power cable, with the ground wire firmly connected to
an electrical ground (safety ground) at the power outlet. Any
interruption of the protective (grounding) conductor or
disconnection of the protective earth terminal will cause a
potential shock hazard that could result in personal injury.
Do not Operate in an Explosive Atmosphere
Do not operate the instrument in the presence of f lammable gases
or fumes.
Do not Remove the Instrument Cover
Operating personnel must not remove instrument covers.
Component replacement and internal adjustments must be made
only by qualified personnel.
Instruments that appear damaged or defective should be made
inoperative and secured against unintended operation until they
can be repaired by qualified service personnel.
10 Keysight 81133A/81134A Pulse Generator User’s Guide, April 2015
Initial Inspection Safety Requirements
Initial Inspection
Inspect the shipping container for damage. If the container or
cushioning material is damaged, keep it until the contents of the
shipment have been checked for completeness and the instrument
has been verified both mechanically and electrically.
WARNING To avoid hazardous electric shock, do not perform electrical tests
when there are signs of shipping damage to any part of the
instrument's outer covers or panels.
Check if the Keysight 81133A or 81134A shipping container
contains the following standard deliverables:
• The Keysight 81133A or 81134A Pulse Generator
• The Getting Started Brochure and the Product CD
• The Keysight IO Libraries Suite on CD with Quick Start Sheet,
which shows how to connect the instrument to a PC running the
Keysight IO Libraries Suite
• A power cable
• A USB cable
If the contents are incomplete, if there is mechanical damage, or if
the instrument does not work within its specifications, notify the
nearest Keysight office. The Keysight office will arrange for repair
or replacement without awaiting settlement.
Keysight 81133A/81134A Pulse Generator User’s Guide, April 2015 11
Safety Requirements Power Requirements
Power Requirements
NOTE When the front panel switch is off, the instrument is in “standby”
mode. The instrument is disconnected from the AC line power only
by disconnecting the power cord.
The instrument can operate from any single-phase AC power
source supplying 100 – 240 V in the frequency range from 47 – 63
Hz. The maximum power consumption is 200 VA with all options
installed. When the instrument is switched on the power supply
adapts automatically to the applied AC power (Auto Selection) and
monitors the AC power range during operation.
Performance Requirements
For best performance of data transfer and for EMC compliance use
a Keysight 82357-61601 Mini-USB cable only.
Ventilation Requirements
Make sure that there is adequate clearance of 50 mm (2 in) at the
top and right side to ensure adequate air flow. If the air flow is
restricted, the internal operating temperature will be higher,
reducing the instrument's reliability.
NOTE Do not cover the ventilation holes.
12 Keysight 81133A/81134A Pulse Generator User’s Guide, April 2015
Cleaning Recommendation Safety Requirements
Cleaning Recommendation
Use a dry cloth or one slightly dampened with water to clean
external case parts. Do not attempt to clean internally.
WARNING To prevent electrical shock, disconnect the instrument from mains
before cleaning.
Keysight 81133A/81134A Pulse Generator User’s Guide, April 2015 13
Safety Requirements Declaration of Conformity
Declaration of Conformity
14 Keysight 81133A/81134A Pulse Generator User’s Guide, April 2015
Introduction to the Keysight
81133A/81134A Pulse Generator
The Keysight 81133A and 81134A Pulse/Pattern Generators are
high-end, easy-to-use tools for generating pulses, patterns and
data at speeds up to 3.35 GHz. They are ideal instruments for
testing logic devices (for example, ECL, LVDS, LVPECL) and other
digital devices with clock rates from 15 MHz to 3.35 GHz.
You can use the Pulse Generators for applications where timing
and performance are critical and full control over signal jitter is
required. The instruments are ideal data and pattern sources for
eye diagram measurements.
Keysight 81133A/81134A Pulse Generator User’s Guide, April 2015 15
Introduction to the Keysight 81133A/81134A Pulse Generator Benefits and Key Features
Benefits and Key Features
Your advantages are:
• Fast rise times, low jitter and full parameter flexibility
When timing is critical, the 81133A/81134A’s fast rise times, the
low jitter and full parameter flexibility make it an ideal pulse,
clock and data source.
• PRBS from 2
You can evaluate the performance of a device in eye diagram
measurements with PRBS from 2
• Full signal manipulation
You can add jitter to clock or data signals with the Delay
Control Input and deform the eye with the Variable Crossover
feature.
5
-1 … 231-1
5
-1 … 231-1.
• Predefined levels
You can use the predefined levels to easily set up channels for
commonly used logic families. These are: ECL, LVPECL, LVDS.
• Data can be 8 kB of pattern memory
You can create large data patterns with 8 kB of pattern
memory.
Key Features Overview
The key features are:
Frequency Range 15 MHz – 3.35 GHz
Clock Jitter < 2 ps RMS
Voltage Amplitude 50 mV … 2.00 V
PRBS 2
Transition Times 20% - 80%
(10% - 90%)
Delay Modulation Range (Jitter) ± 250 ps, ± 25 ps selectable
Data 8 kBit memory, RZ, NRZ,
Delay Range -5 ns … 230 ns
Frequency Divider 1, 2, 4, ... 128
5
-1 … 231-1
< 50 ps
(< 80 ps)
Burst Capability
16 Keysight 81133A/81134A Pulse Generator User’s Guide, April 2015
Front Panel Overview Introduction to the Keysight 81133A/81134A Pulse Generator
Frequency Divider The freqency of the output signals must always be > 15 MHz. This
limits the available range for the frequency divider (for example,
for a 32 MHz signal, for the frequency divider, 2 (= 16 MHz) is
available, but not 4 (= 8 MHz)).
Front Panel Overview
The following figure shows the main elements of the front panel.
Interface
Softkeys Inputs and outputsGraphical User
Tab Keys to navigate
between the pages
The front panel has the following elements:
• Graphical User Interface
The graphical user interface is used for monitoring (and
changing) the instrument’s settings
Numeric
Keys
Navigation knob
• Softkeys
The softkeys provide context-sensitive functions (functionality
changes according to requirements)
• Numeric keys
Used to set parameter values.
• Tab keys
Used to scroll through the pages of the graphical user interface.
Keysight 81133A/81134A Pulse Generator User’s Guide, April 2015 17
Introduction to the Keysight 81133A/81134A Pulse Generator Front Panel Overview
• Navigation knob
Used to navigate through and to change parameter values in an
easy way, and also for navigating through the online help.
For more information, see “Operating the Keysight
81133A/81134A Pulse Generator” on page 21.
• Inputs and Outputs
The instrument provides global and channel-specific inputs and
outputs as described in the following section.
Input and Outputs
Global Inputs
and Outputs
Channel Inputs
and Outputs
The Keysight 81133A/81134A pulse generator provides the
following inputs and outputs:
Channel Specific Inputs and Outputs For each channel:
• One Delay Control Input to apply an external signal for jitter
modulation.
For more information, see “Jitter Modulation” on page 85.
• One normal and one inverted Output for the generated signal
Global Inputs and Outputs For the instrument:
18 Keysight 81133A/81134A Pulse Generator User’s Guide, April 2015
Front Panel Overview Introduction to the Keysight 81133A/81134A Pulse Generator
• Clock Input
The clock input is used to apply an external clock signal or a
reference signal for the internal PLL if a higher frequency
accuracy than 50ppm is required.
This input can be AC or DC terminated. If it is DC is
terminated, the termination voltage can be set.
For more information, see “Clock Sources” on page 75.
• Start Input
The start input is used to start the instrument on an external
signal.
For more information, see “Start Mode” on page 77.
• Trigger Output
The trigger output can be used to trigger another instrument.
For more information, see “Trigger Out” on page 77.
LEDs The front panel of the 81133A/81134A pulse generator contains the
following LEDs:
LED Description
Unlock When this LED is lit, the frequency entered for the external clock
does not match the actual input from the external clock. In this
state, the internal PLL is not locked and the instrument's outputs
may not be within specification.
You have to either reenter the frequency of the external clock, or execute the Measure function. See “Clock Sources” on page 75 for
details.
Active When lit, indicates that the instrument is either in external or direct
external clock mode. A valid external clock signal has to be applied
to the clock input.
If not lit, the internal clock source is used.
Armed Indicates that the instrument is waiting for a signal at the Start In-
put.
When the specified signal arrives, the instrument starts generating
signals.
Port LEDs Indicate the status of the port. When the LED is lit, the port is
active.
Keysight 81133A/81134A Pulse Generator User’s Guide, April 2015 19
Introduction to the Keysight 81133A/81134A Pulse Generator Rear Panel Overview
Rear Panel Overview
At the rear panel, you can find the connectors for the remote
programming interfaces GPIB, USB and LAN, and the power
connector.
GPIB LAN
USB
20 Keysight 81133A/81134A Pulse Generator User’s Guide, April 2015
Operating the Keysight
81133A/81134A Pulse Generator
The instrument provides several navigation buttons that make it
easy to scroll through the different pages of the graphical user
interface and to change parameter values.
Scrolling through the Pages
To scroll through the different pages, use the instrument's tab keys
(located below the navigation knob).
See “Navigation through the Pages” on page 22.
Changing Parameter Values
To change parameter values, use the navigation knob.
The following sections shows:
• “How to Navigate through the Parameters at one Page” on
page 23
• “How to Select a Parameter from a Selection List” on page 23
• “How to Change a Number Field” on page 25
Keysight 81133A/81134A Pulse Generator User’s Guide, April 2015 21
Operating the Keysight 81133A/81134A Pulse Generator Navigation through the Pages
Navigation through the Pages
The key tabs at the lower left corner of the display allows you to
scroll through the different pages (Main, Channel, Data, Aux, and
Config) of the graphical user interface.
Channel Page
Main Page
Config Page
Aux Page
Data Page
22 Keysight 81133A/81134A Pulse Generator User’s Guide, April 2015
How to Navigate through the Parameters at one Page Operating the Keysight 81133A/81134A Pulse Generator
How to Navigate through the
Parameters at one Page
The navigation knob makes it easy to move through and set the
parameters:
© Rotate the navigation knob to move from one parameter to the
next.
How to Select a Parameter from
a Selection List
To select a parameter from a selection list:
1 Move the selection to the corresponding list by rotating the
navigation knob.
Keysight 81133A/81134A Pulse Generator User’s Guide, April 2015 23
Operating the Keysight 81133A/81134A Pulse Generator How to Select a Parameter from a Selection List
2 Press the navigation knob to open the selection list.
PrPr
Pr
Preeeessssssss
3 Rotate the navigation knob to scroll through the list.
PrPr
Pr
Preeeessssssss
4 Select an item by pressing the navigation knob (like clicking
with the mouse).
24 Keysight 81133A/81134A Pulse Generator User’s Guide, April 2015
How to Change a Number Field Operating the Keysight 81133A/81134A Pulse Generator
How to Change a Number Field
You have three possibilities for changing a number field:
• By entering new values with the keypad
• By using the navigation knob to modify the values for fine-
tuning
• By changing single digits
Entering New Values
To enter a new value:
1 Focus at the number field by rotating the navigation knob to the
desired position.
2 Enter the value using the keypad.
You can tell if the value in a field is active by the color of the
field:
– Yellow: Value is active (affects output).
– Orange: Value is inactive.
Keysight 81133A/81134A Pulse Generator User’s Guide, April 2015 25
Operating the Keysight 81133A/81134A Pulse Generator How to Change a Number Field
3 Modify the unit:
– By pressing the respective softkey function (in this case, you
can immediately see the changes at the output).
Softkey functions
to select the unit
PrPr
Pr
Preeeessssssss
PrPr
Pr
Pres
eses
esssss
– OR –
By rotating the navigation knob.
In this case, you have to press Enter or the navigation knob
to see the changes at the output.
Modify Values (Fine-Tuning)
To modify the value by using the navigation knob:
1 Focus at the number field by rotating the navigation knob to the
desired position.
2 Press Enter or the navigation knob once to set the focus.
26 Keysight 81133A/81134A Pulse Generator User’s Guide, April 2015
How to Change a Number Field Operating the Keysight 81133A/81134A Pulse Generator
3 Press and rotate the navigation knob to set the least significant
digit to change.
PrPr
Pr
Preeeessssssss
NOTE This method is useful for fine-tuning. It also changes the values in
real-time, so that you can immediately see the changes at the
output.
4 Rotate the navigation knob to change the value.
5 Press the navigation knob once when you are done.
Changing Single Digits
NOTE This procedure can also be used to change the unit of the
parameter.
1 Focus at the number field by rotating the navigation knob to the
desired position.
2 Press and rotate the navigation knob to select the digit (number
or unit).
PrPr
Pr
Preeeessssssss
NOTE You can also press the arrows next to navigation knob.
3 Release the navigation knob.
Now when you rotate it, the number (or the unit) changes.
4 Press the navigation knob to set the number (or the unit).
PrPr
Pr
Preeeessssssss
You can now see the changes at the output.
Keysight 81133A/81134A Pulse Generator User’s Guide, April 2015 27
Operating the Keysight 81133A/81134A Pulse Generator How to Change a Number Field
28 Keysight 81133A/81134A Pulse Generator User’s Guide, April 2015
Setting Up Generic and Advanced
Signals
The intention of this chapter is to give the necessary steps to set
up generic and advanced signals for first-time users of the
Keysight 81133A/81134A Pulse Generator.
Examples are given for the following types of signals:
•
“Setting Up a Clock Signal” on page 30
• “Setting Up a Pulse Signal” on page 38
• “Setting Up a Data Pattern” on page 42
• “Setting Up a Burst Signal” on page 48
• “Setting Up a Repetitive Burst Signal” on page 54
• “Setting Up Signals for a Stressed Eye Diagram Measurement”
on page 60
All these signals can be set up either by using the user interface,
or by sending SCPI commands. In the following examples, both are
described.
It is intended that you work through the example in the order in
which they appear. The first example therefore provides the most
detailed instructions, while the other examples are described in
less detail.
NOTE For all examples, the Keysight 81134A Pulse Generator (with two
channels) is used.
Keysight 81133A/81134A Pulse Generator User’s Guide, April 2015 29
Setting Up Generic and Advanced Signals Setting Up a Clock Signal
Setting Up a Clock Signal
Task Set up two clock signals with 100 MHz and 200 MHz frequencies, a
duty cycle of 50%, a high level of 1.0 V and a low level of 0 V.
Use Cases Generating clock signals can be used for:
• Boards evaluation
• Microprocessors
• A/D Converters
• PCI/PCI-X validation
• Digital ASIC design for high-speed HDD
30 Keysight 81133A/81134A Pulse Generator User’s Guide, April 2015
Setting Up a Clock Signal Setting Up Generic and Advanced Signals
Using the Graphical User Interface
First Steps Before you start:
1 Put the instrument into operation.
2 Protect the DUT by disconnecting the channel outputs first.
Do this by pressing the softkey next to the following function:
The open contactor shows you that your DUT is now
disconnected.
Instrument Settings To set the instrument parameters:
1 In the instrument panel, choose the Pulse/Pattern mode.
2 Switch to Freq and then with the numeric keypad enter 200 as
the magnitude of the frequency.
3 Select the desired unit MHz by pressing the corresponding
softkey.
Channel 1 Settings To set the channel parameters for channel 1:
1 Switch to the Channel page.
Per default, channel 1 is selected.
2 Select the pattern mode Square.
In the Timing panel, the following parameter are set as default:
– The Delay is set to 0 ps.
– The DCycle is set to 50%.
– The Deskew is disabled.
3 In the Levels panel:
– Switch Ampl to High and set High to 1.0 V.
– Set Low to 0 V.
Keysight 81133A/81134A Pulse Generator User’s Guide, April 2015 31
Setting Up Generic and Advanced Signals Setting Up a Clock Signal
4 Enable the Channel 1 normal Output:
By pressing the respective softkey in the user interface:
– OR –
By pressing the normal Out softkey for channel 1 next to the
Output port.
Normal Out
Channel 1
Instrument Mode
Pattern Mode
Predefined Timing
Settings for the
Square Wave Signal
(Clock)
The Channel 1 page now looks as follows:
32 Keysight 81133A/81134A Pulse Generator User’s Guide, April 2015
Setting Up a Clock Signal Setting Up Generic and Advanced Signals
Channel 2 Settings To set the channel parameters for channel 2:
1 Switch to channel 2 by pressing the Ch2 softkey .
2 Select the pattern mode Square.
3 Set the Freq. Divider to 2.
4 In the Levels panel:
– Switch Ampl to High and set High to 1.0 V.
– Set Low to 0 V.
5 Enable the Channel 2 normal Output either:
By pressing the respective softkey in the user interface.
– OR –
By pressing the normal Out softkey for channel 2 next to the
Output port.
Normal Out
Channel 2
Keysight 81133A/81134A Pulse Generator User’s Guide, April 2015 33
Setting Up Generic and Advanced Signals Setting Up a Clock Signal
The Channel 2 page now looks as follows:
Frequency
Divider
Reconnect the DUT Reconnect the DUT by clicking the following softkey function:
34 Keysight 81133A/81134A Pulse Generator User’s Guide, April 2015
Setting Up a Clock Signal Setting Up Generic and Advanced Signals
Generated Signal If you attach a scope (as DUT), you can immediately see the signal.
Use the Pulse Generator’s TRIGGER OUT to trigger the scope.
To enable the trigger output:
1 At the Aux page, press the TrigOut softkey function.
Indicator
TrigOut softkey
function
The green LED indicates that Trigger Out is enabled.
– OR –
Press the Trigger Out softkey next to the Trigger Out port.
Trigger Out
softkey
Keysight 81133A/81134A Pulse Generator User’s Guide, April 2015 35
Setting Up Generic and Advanced Signals Setting Up a Clock Signal
The signals as displayed on a standard oscilloscope are depicted
below.
36 Keysight 81133A/81134A Pulse Generator User’s Guide, April 2015
Setting Up a Clock Signal Setting Up Generic and Advanced Signals
Using the Remote Programming Interfaces
The following code performs the same task.
Protect the DUT
Set up the Instrument
Set up Channel 1
Set up Channel 2
//disconnect channels
:OUTP:CENT OFF
//set mode to Pulse/Pattern
:FUNC PATT
//set freq to 200 MHz
:FREQ 200 MHz
//set pattern mode to Square
:FUNC:MODE1 SQU
//set high-Level to 1 V
:VOLT1:HIGH 1.000 V
//set low-level to 0 V
:VOLT1:LOW 0 V
//enable output channel 1
:OUTP1:POS ON
//set pattern mode to Square
:FUNC:MODE2 SQU
// set freq div to 2
:OUTP2:DIV 2
//set the high-Level to 1 V
:VOLT2:HIGH 1.000 V
//set low-level to 0 V
:VOLT2:LOW 0 V
//enable output channel 2
:OUTP2:POS ON
Generate the Signals
Keysight 81133A/81134A Pulse Generator User’s Guide, April 2015 37
//reconnect the channels
:OUTP:CENT ON
//enable trigger output
:OUTP0 ON
Setting Up Generic and Advanced Signals Setting Up a Pulse Signal
Setting Up a Pulse Signal
Task Set up a continuous pulse signal with 20 ns period, a pulse width
of 5 ns, an amplitude of 2.0 V and an offset of 1.5 V (high level 2.5
V, low level 500 mV).
Using the Graphical User Interface
Instrument Settings To set the instrument parameters:
1 Disable the outputs.
2 In the instrument panel, choose the Pulse/Pattern mode.
3 Set the Period to 20 ns.
Channel Settings To set the channel parameters:
1 Switch to the Channel page.
2 Select the pattern mode Pulse.
3 In the Timing panel:
– Switch from DCyle to Width and set the Width to 5ns.
4 In the Levels panel, set:
– The level format to Custom.
– Switch from High/Low to Amplitude/Offset.
– Amplitude to 2.0 V.
– Offset to 1.5 V.
38 Keysight 81133A/81134A Pulse Generator User’s Guide, April 2015
Setting Up a Pulse Signal Setting Up Generic and Advanced Signals
5 Enable the Channel 1 normal Output:
By pressing the respective softkey in the user interface:
– OR –
By pressing the normal Out softkey for channel 1 next to the
Output port.
The Channel page now looks as follows:
Pattern Mode
Width
Levels
Reconnect the DUT Enable the outputs:
Generated Signal Use the pulse generator’s TRIGGER OUT to trigger the scope.
Keysight 81133A/81134A Pulse Generator User’s Guide, April 2015 39
Setting Up Generic and Advanced Signals Setting Up a Pulse Signal
To set up the trigger output:
1 On the Aux page, select the trigger mode Pulse.
The frequency of the trigger output equals the system frequency.
2 Enable the trigger output.
Trigger
Mode
TrigOut softkey
function
The signal as displayed on a standard oscilloscope is depicted
below.
40 Keysight 81133A/81134A Pulse Generator User’s Guide, April 2015
Setting Up a Pulse Signal Setting Up Generic and Advanced Signals
Using the Remote Programming Interfaces
The following code performs the same task.
Protect the DUT
Set up the Instrument
Set up Channel 1
Generate the Signals
//disconnect channels
:OUTP:CENT OFF
//set mode to Pulse/Pattern
:FUNC PATT
//set period to 20 ns
:PER 20 ns
//set pattern mode to Pulse
:FUNC:MODE1 PULSE
//set width to 5 ns
:WIDT1 5 ns
//set ampl to 2 V
:VOLT1:AMPL 2.000 V
//set offset to 1.5 V
:VOLT1:OFFSET 1.5 V
//enable output channel 1
:OUTP1:POS ON
//reconnect channels
:OUTP:CENT ON
//use trigger mode Pulse
:OUTP0:SOUR PER
//enable trigger output
:OUTP0 ON
Keysight 81133A/81134A Pulse Generator User’s Guide, April 2015 41
Setting Up Generic and Advanced Signals Setting Up a Data Pattern
Setting Up a Data Pattern
Task Set up two signals:
• A PRBS signal to test a digital transmitter.
• A 32-bit pattern signal with NRZ data output format at 500 MHz
to check a digital circuit with ECL logic.
The pattern is:
11110011100110010010100100000000
NOTE This example is demonstrated with the 81134A instrument.
With the 81134A instrument, you can set up both signals
simultaneously.
Using the Graphical User Interface
Instrument Settings To set the instrument parameters:
1 Disable the outputs.
2 In the instrument panel, choose the Pulse/Pattern mode.
3 Set the frequency to 500 MHz.
Channel Settings for the PRBS Signal To set the channel parameters for channel 1:
1 Switch to the Channel page.
2 Select the pattern mode PRBS.
3 Select the PRBS polynome 2
4 Select the signal mode NRZ.
5 In the Levels panel, select the predefined level format ECL.
This automatically sets:
– the Amplitude to 800 mV
– the Offset to –1.350 V
– the Term. Voltage to –2.0 V
12
-1.
42 Keysight 81133A/81134A Pulse Generator User’s Guide, April 2015
Setting Up a Data Pattern Setting Up Generic and Advanced Signals
6 Enable the Channel 1 normal Output:
By pressing the respective softkey in the user interface:
– OR –
By pressing the normal Out softkey for channel 1 next to the
Output port.
The Channel page now looks as follows:
PRBS Polynome
Signal Mode
Pattern Mode
PRBS
Channel Settings for the
Pattern Signal
ECL Levels
To set the channel parameters for channel 2:
1 Switch to Channel 2 by pressing the Ch2 softkey .
2 Switch to the Channel page.
3 Select the pattern mode Data.
4 Select the signal mode NRZ.
5 In the Levels panel, select the predefined level format ECL.
This automatically sets:
– the Amplitude to 800 mV
– the Offset to –1.350 V
– the Term. Voltage to –2.0 V
Keysight 81133A/81134A Pulse Generator User’s Guide, April 2015 43
Setting Up Generic and Advanced Signals Setting Up a Data Pattern
6 Enable the Channel 2 normal Output either:
By pressing the respective softkey in the user interface.
– OR –
By pressing the normal Out softkey for channel 2 next to the
Output port.
The Channel page now looks as follows:
Pulse Type NRZ
Pattern Mode
Data
Data Settings for the Pattern Signal To set the data pattern:
1 Switch to the Data page.
2 Enter a Data Length of 32 bits.
3 Switch to the Numeric Edit Mode.
4 Enter the data pattern via the keypad for channel 2.
ECL Levels
44 Keysight 81133A/81134A Pulse Generator User’s Guide, April 2015
Setting Up a Data Pattern Setting Up Generic and Advanced Signals
The Data page now looks as follows:
Data pattern
length
Data pattern for
channel 2
Numeric
Edit Mode
Reconnect the DUT Enable the outputs:
Generated Signals Use the pulse generator’s TRIGGER OUT to trigger the scope on
the data pattern.
To set up the trigger output:
1 On the Aux page, in the Trigger Output panel:
– Select the trigger mode Data.
One trigger pulse occurs at the start of the repetitive data
pattern.
– Set the Ampl to 2 V.
– Set the Offset to 1 V.
Keysight 81133A/81134A Pulse Generator User’s Guide, April 2015 45
Setting Up Generic and Advanced Signals Setting Up a Data Pattern
2 Enable the trigger output.
Trigger
Mode
TrigOut softkey
function
The signals as displayed on a standard oscilloscope are depicted
below.
46 Keysight 81133A/81134A Pulse Generator User’s Guide, April 2015
Setting Up a Data Pattern Setting Up Generic and Advanced Signals
Using the Remote Programming Interfaces
The following code performs the same task:
Protect the DUT
Set Up the Instrument
Set up Channel 1
Set up Channel 2
//disconnect channels
:OUTP:CENT OFF
//set mode to Pulse/Pattern
:FUNC PATT
//set freq to 500 MHz
:FREQ 500 MHz
//set pattern mode to PRBS
:FUNC:MODE1 PRBS
//set polynome to 2^12-1
:FUNC:MODE1 PRBS, 12
//set datamode to NRZ
:DIG1:SIGN:FORM NRZ
//set predefined levels to ECL values
:VOLT1:AMPL 800 mV; :VOLT1:OFFS -1.350 V; :VOLT1:TERM -2.000 V
//enable output channel 1
:OUTP1:POS ON
//set pattern mode to Data
:FUNC:MODE2 DATA
//set datamode to NRZ
:DIG2:SIGN:FORM NRZ
//set predefined levels to ECL values
:VOLT2:AMPL 800 mV; :VOLT2:OFFS -1.350 V; :VOLT2:TERM -2.000 V
//enable output channel 2
:OUTP2:POS ON
//set datalength to 32
:DIG2:PATT:LENG 32
//set pattern in channel 2
:DIG2:PATT #23211110011100110010010100100000000, DUAL
Generate the Signals
Keysight 81133A/81134A Pulse Generator User’s Guide, April 2015 47
//reconnect channels
:OUTP:CENT ON
// Set up the trigger
//set trigger mode to data
:OUTP0:SOUR BITS
//set ampl to 2 V
:VOLT0:AMPL 2 V
//set offset to 1 V
:VOLT0:OFFSET 1 V
//enable trigger output
:OUTP0 ON
Setting Up Generic and Advanced Signals Setting Up a Burst Signal
Setting Up a Burst Signal
Task Set up a burst signal consisting of a 32-bit data pattern repeated
twice at a period of 500 ps with 50 ps delay and 100 ps pulse
width.
The data pattern is: 10100000000000000000000000000000
The amplitude is 2.0 V and the offset is 0 V.
Start the output at the rising edge of an external signal with 1 V
threshold applied at the start input.
Using the Graphical User Interface
Instrument Settings To set the instrument parameters:
1 Disable the outputs.
2 In the instrument panel, choose the Burst mode.
3 Set the burst repetition to 2.
4 Set the Period to 500 ps.
48 Keysight 81133A/81134A Pulse Generator User’s Guide, April 2015
Setting Up a Burst Signal Setting Up Generic and Advanced Signals
The instrument panel now looks as follows:
Burst RepetitionInstrument
Mode
Channel Settings for the PRBS Signal To set the channel parameters:
1 Switch to the Channel page.
2 Set the signal mode to RZ.
3 In the Timing panel:
– Switch from Dcycle to Width and set the Width to 100 ps.
– Set the Delay to 50 ps.
4 In the Levels panel, set:
– The level format to Custom.
– Amplitude to 2.0 V.
– Offset to 0.0 V.
5 Enable the Channel 1 normal Output:
By pressing the respective softkey in the user interface:
– OR –
By pressing the normal Out softkey for channel 1 next to the
Output port.
Keysight 81133A/81134A Pulse Generator User’s Guide, April 2015 49
Setting Up Generic and Advanced Signals Setting Up a Burst Signal
The Channel page now looks as follows:
Timing
Parameter
Levels
Data Settings for the Pattern Signal To set the data pattern:
1 Switch to the Data page.
2 Enter a Data Length of 32 bits.
3 Enter the data pattern via the keypad for channel 1.
The Data page now looks as follows:
Data pattern
length
Data pattern for
channel 1
Graphic
Edit Mode
50 Keysight 81133A/81134A Pulse Generator User’s Guide, April 2015
Setting Up a Burst Signal Setting Up Generic and Advanced Signals
Reconnect the DUT Enable the outputs:
Auxiliary Settings for Start Input and
Trigger Output
NOTE In burst mode, the “armed” mode is deactivated as soon as
To set the start input and trigger output parameters:
1 Switch to the Aux page.
2 In the Start Input panel, set:
– The start mode to Ext. Input.
This automatically puts the instrument in “armed” mode. This
is indicated by the activated Armed softkey function.
“Armed” mode means that the signal is output as soon as the
specified external signal occurs at the start input.
the specified burst has been output.
To put the instrument in “armed” mode again, press the
Armed softkey function.
– Start on the Rising edge.
– The threshold to 500 mV .
3 In the Trigger Output panel:
– Select the trigger mode Pulse.
The frequency of the trigger output equals the frequency as
specified in the instrument panel.
– Set Ampl to 2 V.
– Set Offset to 0 V.
– Enable the trigger output.
Keysight 81133A/81134A Pulse Generator User’s Guide, April 2015 51
Setting Up Generic and Advanced Signals Setting Up a Burst Signal
The Aux page now looks as follows:
Armed is
activated
Parameters to
start the output
by an external
Trigger
Mode
signal
TrigOut
softkey
function
Generated Signal Use the generator’s TRIGGER OUT to trigger a scope.
The signal as displayed on a standard oscilloscope is depicted
below.
52 Keysight 81133A/81134A Pulse Generator User’s Guide, April 2015
Setting Up a Burst Signal Setting Up Generic and Advanced Signals
Using the Remote Programming Interfaces
The following code performs the same tasks:
Protect the DUT
Set Up the Instrument
Set up Channel 1
//disconnect channels
:OUTP:CENT OFF
//set mode to Burst, 2
:FUNC BURST, 2
//set period to 500 ps
:PER 500 ps
//set signalmode to RZ
:DIG1:SIGN:FORM RZ
//set width to 100 ps
:WIDT1 100 ps
//set delay to 50 ps
:DEL1 50 ps
//set predefined levels to Custom values (Ampl=2V; Offset=0mV)
:VOLT1:AMPL 2 V; :VOLT1:OFFS 0 mV
//enable output channel 1
:OUTP1:POS ON
//set datalength to 32
:DIG:PATT:LENG 32
//set pattern in channel 1
:DIG1:PATT #23210100000000000000000000000000000, DUAL
Generate the Signals
Keysight 81133A/81134A Pulse Generator User’s Guide, April 2015 53
//reconnect channels
:OUTP:CENT ON
// Set up the trigger
//set startmode to Ext. Input
:ARM:SOUR EXT
//set starton to Rising
:ARM:SLOP POS
//set threshold to 500 mV
:ARM:LEV 500 mV
//set trigger mode to Pulse
:OUTP0:SOUR PER
//set ampl to 2 V
:VOLT0:AMPL 2 V
//set offset to 0 V
:VOLT0:OFFSET 0 V
//enable trigger output
:OUTP0 ON
Setting Up Generic and Advanced Signals Setting Up a Repetitive Burst Signal
Setting Up a Repetitive Burst
Signal
Task Set up a signal with 4 repeated bursts.
Each burst consists of a 32-bit pattern signal with NRZ data
output format at 100 MHz to check a digital circuit with LVPECL
logic.
The data pattern is:
11100000000000000000000000000000
Using the Graphical User Interface
Instrument Settings To set the instrument parameters:
1 Disable the outputs.
2 In the instrument panel, choose the RBurst mode.
3 Enter 4 for the number of null data packets.
4 Define that the number of zeros that follows the repeated bursts
is as large as the burst length.
5 Set the frequency to 100 MHz.
54 Keysight 81133A/81134A Pulse Generator User’s Guide, April 2015
Setting Up a Repetitive Burst Signal Setting Up Generic and Advanced Signals
The instrument panel now looks as follows:
Instrument
Mode
Channel Settings for the PRBS Signal To set the channel parameters:
1 Switch to the Channel page.
2 In the Timing panel:
– Set the signal mode to NRZ.
– Set the Delay to 50 ps.
3 In the Levels panel, set:
– The level format to Custom.
– Amplitude to 2.0 V.
Burst Repetition
Specifies the
number of zeros
– Offset to 0.0 V.
4 Enable the Channel 1 normal Output:
By pressing the respective softkey in the user interface:
– OR –
By pressing the normal Out softkey for channel 1 next to the
Output port.
Keysight 81133A/81134A Pulse Generator User’s Guide, April 2015 55
Setting Up Generic and Advanced Signals Setting Up a Repetitive Burst Signal
The Channel page now looks as follows:
Levels
Data Settings for the Pattern Signal To set the data pattern:
1 Switch to the Data page.
2 Enter a Data Length of 32 bits.
3 Enter the data pattern via the keypad for channel 1.
The Data page now looks as follows:
Data pattern
length
Data pattern for
channel 1
Graphic
Edit Mode
56 Keysight 81133A/81134A Pulse Generator User’s Guide, April 2015
Setting Up a Repetitive Burst Signal Setting Up Generic and Advanced Signals
Reconnect the DUT Enable the outputs:
Generated Signal Use the pulse generator’s TRIGGER OUT to trigger a scope.
To set up the trigger output:
1 On the Aux page, in the Trigger Output panel:
– Select the trigger mode Pulse.
One trigger pulse occurs at the start of the repetitive data
pattern.
– Set the Ampl to 1 V.
– Set the Offset to 0 V.
– Set the Divider to 256.
2 Enable the trigger output.
The Aux page looks now as follows:
Keysight 81133A/81134A Pulse Generator User’s Guide, April 2015 57
Setting Up Generic and Advanced Signals Setting Up a Repetitive Burst Signal
The signal as displayed on a standard oscilloscope is depicted
below.
58 Keysight 81133A/81134A Pulse Generator User’s Guide, April 2015
Setting Up a Repetitive Burst Signal Setting Up Generic and Advanced Signals
Using the Remote Programming Interfaces
The following code performs the same tasks:
Protect the DUT
Set Up the Instrument
Set up Channel 1
Generate the Signals
//disconnect channels
:OUTP:CENT OFF
//set mode to rBurst, 4, 4
:FUNC RBURST, 4, 4
//set freq to 100 MHz
:FREQ 100 MHz
//set signalmode to NRZ
:DIG1:SIGN:FORM NRZ
//set delay to 50 ps
:DEL1 50 ps
//set predefined levels to Custom values (Ampl=2V; Offset=0mV)
:VOLT1:AMPL 2 V; :VOLT1:OFFS 0 mV
//enable output channel 1
:OUTP1:POS ON
//set datalength to 32
:DIG:PATT:LENG 32
//set pattern in channel 1
:DIG1:PATT #23211100000000000000000000000000000, DUAL
//reconnect channels
:OUTP:CENT ON
// Prepare the trigger
//set trigger mode to Data
:OUTP0:SOUR BITS
//set ampl to 1 V
:VOLT0:AMPL 1 V
//set offset to 0 V
:VOLT0:OFFSET 0 V
//enable trigger output
:OUTP0 ON
Keysight 81133A/81134A Pulse Generator User’s Guide, April 2015 59
Setting Up Generic and Advanced Signals Setting Up Signals for a Stressed Eye Diagram Measurement
Setting Up Signals for a Stressed
Eye Diagram Measurement
Task Set up signals for a stressed eye measurement by:
• Intentionally adding jitter to your signals
• Changing the crossover of the eye pattern
One-Channel Setup For a one-channel setup, you need:
• An 81133A or 81134A instrument
• An arbitrary waveform generator to generate additional jitter, for
example, the 33250A
• A scope for displaying the signals, for example, the 86100 DCA
Two-Channel Setup For a two-channel setup, you need:
• An 81134A instrument
• An arbitrary waveform generator to generate additional jitter, for
example, the 33250A (you might need two of them for two
“independently jittering” output signals)
• A scope for displaying the signals, e.g. the 86100 DCA
NOTE This example is demonstrated with the 81134A instrument. The
two-channel instrument allows you to generate the distorted eye
and a clean “reference eye” at the same time.
Use Cases Stressed eye measurements can be used:
• In board design: For testing the RF behavior of different board
materials and transmission line geometries.
• For testing cables and connectors.
• For testing A/D converters.
60 Keysight 81133A/81134A Pulse Generator User’s Guide, April 2015
Setting Up Signals for a Stressed Eye Diagram Measurement Setting Up Generic and Advanced Signals
Connecting the Instruments
Connect the Pulse Generator, the Arbitrary Waveform Generator
and the DCA as follows:
CAUTION Before disconnecting/connecting any cables make sure that the
81134A output channels are turned off!
In detail:
1 Connect the 33250A output to the channel 2 delay control input
of the 81134A (use the BNC-SMA adaptor and a 20 dB
attenuator).
2 Connect a 20 dB attenuator each to the channel 1 and the
trigger input of the DCA.
3 Connect the 81134A channel 2 output to the DCA’s channel 1
input.
4 Connect the 81134A trigger output to the DCA’s trigger input.
5 Power on the three units after you have made all connections.
Keysight 81133A/81134A Pulse Generator User’s Guide, April 2015 61
Setting Up Generic and Advanced Signals Setting Up Signals for a Stressed Eye Diagram Measurement
Setting Up the 81134A by Using the
Graphical User Interface
Instrument Settings To set the instrument parameters:
1 Disable the outputs.
2 In the instrument panel, choose the Pulse/Pattern mode.
3 Set the Period to 1 GHz.
Channel Settings To set the channel parameters for channel 2:
1 Switch to the Channel page.
2 Switch to Channel 2 by pressing the Ch2 softkey .
3 Select the pattern mode PRBS.
5
4 Select the PRBS polynome 2
5 Select the signal mode NRZ.
-1.
6 Enable the variable crossover and set the crossover point at first
to 50 %.
7 In the Timing panel:
– Select Delay Ctrl Input 250 ps.
– Set the Delay to 0s.
– Set the DCycle to 50 %.
8 In the Levels panel, set:
– The level format to Custom.
– High to 1.0 V.
– Low to -1.0 V.
62 Keysight 81133A/81134A Pulse Generator User’s Guide, April 2015
Setting Up Signals for a Stressed Eye Diagram Measurement Setting Up Generic and Advanced Signals
The Channel page now looks as follows:
Delay Control
Input for
Channel 2
(Enabled)
Variable
Crossover
Point
Delay Ctrl
Sensitivity
Reconnect the DUT Enable the outputs:
Generated Signal Use the pulse generator’s TRIGGER OUT to trigger the scope.
To set up the trigger output:
1 On the Aux page, select the trigger mode Pulse.
The frequency of the trigger output equals the system frequency.
Keysight 81133A/81134A Pulse Generator User’s Guide, April 2015 63
Setting Up Generic and Advanced Signals Setting Up Signals for a Stressed Eye Diagram Measurement
2 Enable the trigger output.
Trigger
Output
(Enabled)
Delay Control
Input
(Enabled)
TrigOut softkey
function
64 Keysight 81133A/81134A Pulse Generator User’s Guide, April 2015
Setting Up Signals for a Stressed Eye Diagram Measurement Setting Up Generic and Advanced Signals
Setting Up the 33250A Waveform Generator
Program a 50 MHz sine wave with an amplitude of 2 Vpp:
1 Press the Freq softkey.
2 With the numeric keypad enter 50 as the frequency.
3 Select the desired unit MHz by pressing the corresponding
softkey.
4 Press the Ampl softkey.
5 Enter the value 2 with the numeric keypad.
6 Press the Vpp softkey to select the desired unit.
Viewing the Eye Diagram on the 86100 DCA
To view the eye diagram on the scope:
1 Ensure that the channel outputs and the trigger output at the
81134A instrument are enabled.
2 On the scope, switch to channel 1.
3 Press the Source button near the trigger input until front panel
is selected.
4 Press the Eye/Mask Mode button.
5 Press AutoScale.
6 Switch on the 33250A output with the output key.
The signal as displayed on a standard oscilloscope is depicted
below.
Delay modulated with sine wave
Keysight 81133A/81134A Pulse Generator User’s Guide, April 2015 65
Setting Up Generic and Advanced Signals Setting Up Signals for a Stressed Eye Diagram Measurement
Play with the Settings
The delay control input adds additional delay to the signal
depending on the voltage that is fed to the input.
• On the 33250A, you can change the amplitude and frequency of
the signal to show the influence of the delay control input.
• Change from sine wave to rectangular wave by pressing the
corresponding button.
You can also change the variable crossover point on the 81134A
Channel panel.
The following signals show a clear eye, a signal modulated with
sine wave and a signal modulated with rectangular wave.
Clear Eye Delay modulated with sine
wave
50 % Variable Crossover 30 % Variable Crossover 70 % Variable Crossover
Delay modulated with
rectangle wave
66 Keysight 81133A/81134A Pulse Generator User’s Guide, April 2015
Using the Keysight 81133A/81134A
Pulse Generator
CAUTION When using the Keysight 81133A/81134A Pulse Generator, make
sure you do not set parameters to values outside of the specified
ranges. If any parameters are out of range, the generated signals
may not be valid. The instrument does not check if values are
within range.
For valid ranges, see the Online Help (available by pressing the "?"
button on the instrument).
This chapter:
• Describes different pages of the graphical user interface.
• Describes how to combine parameters for generating specific
signals.
•
Shows typical timings. See “Timing of Generated Signals” on
page 78.
• Provided information of saving and recalling of parameter
settings. See “Saving and Recalling Settings” on page 85.
Keysight 81133A/81134A Pulse Generator User’s Guide, April 2015 67
Using the Keysight 81133A/81134A Pulse Generator Pages of the User Interface
Pages of the User Interface
The instrument has a user interface to simplify entering and
monitoring of the signal settings. The user interface is divided into
different pages and panels.
The following figure shows the instrument panel and the Channel
page.
Instrument Panel
Channel Page
The parameters are available at the following panels and pages in
the 81133A/81134A graphical user interface:
• Instrument Panel
The instrument panel is part of each page and provides controls that define
the basic setup of the instrument, such as base frequency and instrument
mode.
These controls affect all channels.
• Main Page
The Main page is used to display the results of the selftest and
to store and recall your parameter settings.
• Channel Page
At the Channel page, you can specify the signal to be generated
for each channel individually regarding pattern mode, timing,
and levels.
68 Keysight 81133A/81134A Pulse Generator User’s Guide, April 2015
Pages of the User Interface Using the Keysight 81133A/81134A Pulse Generator
• Data Page
At the Data page, you can set up an arbitrary data pattern up
to the maximal available memory (8 kBit) per channel.
• Aux Page
The Aux page provides controls to specify:
– The Clock Source
– The Start Input
– The Trigger Output
• Config Page
If you want to program the instrument remotely, the Config page
is used to set up all necessary parameters to establish the
connection between the instrument and your control PC.
To access the individual pages, use the instrument's tab keys (located
below the navigation knob).
NOTE For a detailed description of the pages and their parameters,
please refer to the Online Help.
Keysight 81133A/81134A Pulse Generator User’s Guide, April 2015 69
Using the Keysight 81133A/81134A Pulse Generator Combining Parameters for Signal Generation
Combining Parameters for Signal
Generation
The following table shows you how the various modes and
parameters can be combined. Empty cells indicate that the
combination is not applicable:
Instrument Mode Pulse/Pattern Burst RBurst
Pattern Mode
Signal Mode
Variable
Crossover
Burst Length
Factor p
(For calculating the
length of the pause
that follows the
repeated data)
Square Pulse Data/PRBS Data Data
R1 RZ NRZ R1 RZ NRZ R1 RZ NRZ
30%
…
70%
1 … 16384 4 … 16384
NOTE For the clock source, the Internal YIG Oscillator, External Clock
Input and 10 MHz Reference can be used as the clock source for
all combinations. The Internal Direct and External Direct can only
be used as the clock source for Square pattern mode and NRZ
signal mode.
30%
…
70%
(in increments of 4)
4 … 16384
(in increments of 4)
30%
…
70%
Instrument Modes
The instrument provides the following modes:
• Pulse/Pattern Mode
In this mode, each channel can be set independently to generate
a continuous stream of:
– Square waves (clocks) of fixed width
– Pulses with selectable width or duty cycle
70 Keysight 81133A/81134A Pulse Generator User’s Guide, April 2015
Combining Parameters for Signal Generation Using the Keysight 81133A/81134A Pulse Generator
– Data in either RZ, R1 or NRZ format
– Pseudo random bit stream (PRBS) polynomials
For details on these signals, see “Pattern Modes” on page 72.
• Burst Mode
This mode enables you to generate a burst consisting of data
repeated n times followed by continuous zero data.
n
In Burst mode, exactly one burst of data is output after either:
– Applying a external signal at the start input.
– Asserting a manual trigger on one of the remote interfaces.
– Pressing the start button on the user interface.
A burst consists of data packets repeated a selectable number of
times (in data pattern mode).
• Repetitive Burst Mode
This mode enables you to generate a repetitive burst consisting
of data repeated n times. A pause of zeros is inserted between
two successive bursts.
The repetitive burst is specified by two numbers. The first
number (n) defines how often the specified data is repeated. The
second number (p) defines the length of the pause that follows
the repeated data.
p
n
The length of the pause is calculated by:
p x Length of Data Packets
Keysight 81133A/81134A Pulse Generator User’s Guide, April 2015 71
Using the Keysight 81133A/81134A Pulse Generator Combining Parameters for Signal Generation
Pattern Modes
You can select the following pattern modes:
• Square
Generates a square wave (clock) of fixed width (50% duty cycle).
• Pulse
Generates pulses with selectable width or duty cycle.
• Data
Generates data in either RZ, R1 or NRZ format. In RZ and R1
mode, the pulse width can be selected as either width or duty
cycle.
• PRBS
Generates a PRBS polynomial of selectable type in either RZ, R1
or NRZ format. In RZ and R1 mode, the pulse width can be
selected as either width or duty cycle.
You can also select a frequency divider for all pattern modes.
72 Keysight 81133A/81134A Pulse Generator User’s Guide, April 2015
Combining Parameters for Signal Generation Using the Keysight 81133A/81134A Pulse Generator
Signal Modes
In Data and PRBS pattern modes, the pulse output format can be
selected from RZ, R1, and NRZ. The timing of the different format
is shown in the following diagram:
• RZ
Return to 0 pulse format.
On every 0 bit of the pattern, the signal remains low. On every
1 bit of the pattern, the signal goes to high and then back to
low after the time specified by the pulse width or duty cycle
parameter.
•R1
Return to 1 pulse format.
On every 1 bit of the pattern, the signal remains high. On every
0 bit of the pattern, the signal goes to low and then back to
high after the time specified by the pulse width or duty cycle
parameter.
• NRZ
Non-return to zero pulse format.
A leading edge is generated for a 0 -> 1 data transition, a
trailing edge is generated for a 1 -> 0 data transition.
Keysight 81133A/81134A Pulse Generator User’s Guide, April 2015 73
Using the Keysight 81133A/81134A Pulse Generator Combining Parameters for Signal Generation
Variable Crossover
You can change the crossover point in range 30% … 70% of the NRZ signal
separately for each channel. The variable crossover is used to artificially close
the eye pattern, which simulates distortion.
The crossover adjustment is not calibrated except for the 50% point.
Example The figure below shows the normal and complement output with the crossover
point set to 50% and 70% respectively.
74 Keysight 81133A/81134A Pulse Generator User’s Guide, April 2015
Combining Parameters for Signal Generation Using the Keysight 81133A/81134A Pulse Generator
Clock Sources
The selected clock source defines the time base from which all other timing
parameters are derived. You can select between:
• Internal
The clock is derived from the internal YIG oscillator.
• External
• external 10 MHz reference (clock source); clock sources:external
10 MHz reference
Enable the external clock input (Clock In) to accept an external
clock signal that forms the time base. The frequency is measured
once by selecting the Measure function from the user interface
or as a remote SCPI command (
:MEASure:FREQuency?
Measure Function
).
Clock Source
This value is then used to calculate frequency-dependent values,
like the pulse width or the phase (available at the Channel
page).
For more information about the Measure function, please refer
to the Online Help.
• External 10 MHz Reference
• ext. direct (clock source); clock sources:ext. direct
Enables the external clock input (Clock In) to apply a 10 MHz
reference clock. This clock is used as a reference for all timing
parameters.
• Int. Direct/Ext. Direct
The direct modes allow changes of frequency without dropouts
in the range of 1:2. They are used for applications (precise clock
source) where dropouts would make a measurement impossible,
for example, PLL frequency sweeps and microprocessor clock
sweeps.
Keysight 81133A/81134A Pulse Generator User’s Guide, April 2015 75
Using the Keysight 81133A/81134A Pulse Generator Combining Parameters for Signal Generation
– Int. Direct
Allows you to vary the clock derived from the internal YIG
oscillator in the range of one octave.
– Ext. Direct
Allows you to vary the frequency of the external clock signal
in the range of one octave.
In external direct mode, the internal PLL is bypassed. This
ensures that the instrument frequency exactly follows the
external clock.
Range switching occurs at the following frequencies:
– 1680 MHz
– 840 MHz
– 420 MHz
– 210 MHz
– 105 MHz
– 52.5 MHz
– 26.25 MHz
NOTE The range-switching frequencies are based on 1680 MHz divided
by the frequency divider.
76 Keysight 81133A/81134A Pulse Generator User’s Guide, April 2015
Combining Parameters for Signal Generation Using the Keysight 81133A/81134A Pulse Generator
Start Mode
When the Ext. Input start mode is selected, the instrument sends
the generated signal to the outputs according to the signal applied
at the Start In connector.
You can define the following parameters that the external signal
must meet:
• Threshold (voltage)
• Termination voltage
• Edge (rising/falling)
If you select the Ext. Input mode, the instrument automatically
switches in armed mode. This means, the instrument waits for the
selected edge to appear.
The further behavior of the instrument depends on the selected
instrument mode:
• In Burst Mode:
As soon as the selected signal appears at the input, the armed
mode is deactivated (the instrument sends one burst and then
stops).
• In Pulse/Pattern and Repetitive Burst Mode:
The instrument stays in armed mode (it sends the pattern/burst
every time the selected signal appears). The trigger output
frequency is calculated by dividing the instrument frequency by
the length of the data pattern.
Trigger Out
The trigger output can be set to one of the following modes:
• Trigger on pulse
The trigger output is generated according to the instrument
frequency. It can optionally be divided by 1 up to 2
optionally.
• Trigger on data
One trigger pulse is generated on every start of the repetitive
data pattern. The trigger output frequency is calculated by
dividing the instrument frequency by the length of the data
pattern.
31
- 1
Keysight 81133A/81134A Pulse Generator User’s Guide, April 2015 77
Using the Keysight 81133A/81134A Pulse Generator Timing of Generated Signals
NOTE The trigger divider does not take the frequency divider of the
channels into account. For a frequency divider of n, n trigger
pulses are generated for each data packet, starting with the first
edge of bit 0 of the data packet.
To get one trigger pulse per data packet when the channel
divider factor is not equal to 1, the trigger mode must set to
Trigger on pulse and the divider to n x X, where n is the
frequency divider and X is the data length. For example, if the
data length = 32 bits and the frequency divider of channel 1 = 2,
the frequency divider of the trigger output has to be 64.
The trigger output can be enabled/disabled. The levels of the
trigger output can be set as:
• Low Level – High Level
• Amplitude – Offset
Timing of Generated Signals
The following sections provide information about the signals that
can be generated and shows the typical timings.
The instrument allows you to generate the following signals:
• Clock signals
• Pulses
• Data patterns
• PRBS
• Started bursts
• Repetitive bursts
NOTE You can also set the frequency divider for all channels. The
minimum frequency must remain above 15 MHz.
78 Keysight 81133A/81134A Pulse Generator User’s Guide, April 2015
Timing of Generated Signals Using the Keysight 81133A/81134A Pulse Generator
Clock
The following figure shows the typical timing for the clock signal.
Characteristics • Pulse periods are generated continuously where:
– Delay and deskew of all channels is zero.
– The duty cycle is fixed at 50%.
• The instrument mode is Pulse/Pattern.
• The pattern mode is Square.
• For the clock source, you can select from:
– Internal (YIG Oscillator)
– External signal at Clock Input
– External 10 MHz Reference at Clock Input
– Direct Internal
– Direct External at Clock Input
For more information about the clock sources, see “Clock
Sources” on page 75.
• The Trigger Out is generated with every clock pulse, but can be
optionally divided by any number in the range 1 ... 2
See also “Trigger Out” on page 77.
31
– 1.
Keysight 81133A/81134A Pulse Generator User’s Guide, April 2015 79
Using the Keysight 81133A/81134A Pulse Generator Timing of Generated Signals
Pulses
The following figure shows the typical timing for continuous pulses.
Characteristics • Pulse periods can be either generated continuously or can be
started manually or by the arming source.
• Delay, pulse width (or duty cycle) and deskew can be set for
each channel.
• The instrument mode is Pulse/Pattern.
• The pattern mode is Pulse.
• For the clock source, you can select from:
– Internal (YIG Oscillator)
– External signal at Clock Input
– External 10 MHz Reference at Clock Input
For more information about the clock sources, see “Clock
Sources” on page 75.
• The Trigger Out is generated with every clock pulse, but can be
optionally divided by any number in the range 1 ... 2
See also “Trigger Out” on page 77.
31
– 1.
80 Keysight 81133A/81134A Pulse Generator User’s Guide, April 2015
Timing of Generated Signals Using the Keysight 81133A/81134A Pulse Generator
Data Pattern
The following figure shows the typical timing for a data pattern.
Characteristics • A data pattern can be either generated continuously or can be
started manually or by the arming source.
The data length is selectable in the range 32 … 8192 bits (in
steps of 32).
• The instrument mode is Pulse/Pattern.
• The pattern mode is Data.
• You can select between RZ, NRZ and R1 signal modes for each
output.
In R1 and RZ modes, the pulse width can be selected as either
width or duty cycle.
• You can select between normal and inverted signals for each
output.
• For the clock source, you can select from:
– Internal (YIG Oscillator)
– External signal at Clock Input
– External 10 MHz Reference at Clock Input
For more information about the clock sources, see “Clock
Sources” on page 75.
• The Trigger Out marks every start of the repetitive data pattern,
as long as no frequency divider has been applied.
See also “Trigger Out” on page 77.
Keysight 81133A/81134A Pulse Generator User’s Guide, April 2015 81
Using the Keysight 81133A/81134A Pulse Generator Timing of Generated Signals
PRBS
See “Data Pattern” on page 81 for for the timing diagram.
Characteristics • A PRBS signal can be either generated continuously or can be
started manually or by the arming source.
5
The PRBS polynome is selectable from 2
• The instrument mode is Pulse/Pattern.
• The pattern mode is PRBS.
• You can select between RZ, NRZ and R1 signal modes for each
output.
In R1 and RZ modes, the pulse width can be selected as either
width or duty cycle.
• You can select between normal and inverted signals for each
output.
• For the clock source, you can select from:
– 1 … 231 – 1.
– Internal (YIG Oscillator)
– External signal at Clock Input
– External 10 MHz Reference at Clock Input
For more information about the clock sources, see “Clock
Sources” on page 75.
• The Trigger Out marks every start of the repetitive PRBS, as
long as no frequency divider has been applied.
See “Trigger Out” on page 77.
82 Keysight 81133A/81134A Pulse Generator User’s Guide, April 2015
Timing of Generated Signals Using the Keysight 81133A/81134A Pulse Generator
Started Burst
The following figure shows the typical timing for the started burst.
The bursts are started by the rising edge of the arming source.
Characteristics • A burst of repeated data is started manually or by the arming
source.
• You can select the number of repeated bursts in the range
1 … 16384.
• The instrument mode is Burst.
• The pattern mode is Data.
• You can select between RZ, NRZ and R1 signal modes for each
output.
In R1 and RZ modes, the pulse width can be selected as either
width or duty cycle.
• You can select between normal and inverted signals for each
output.
• For the clock source, you can select from:
– Internal (YIG Oscillator)
– External signal at Clock Input
– External 10 MHz Reference at Clock Input
For more information about the clock sources, see “Clock
Sources” on page 75.
• The Trigger Out marks every start of the repetitive data pattern,
as long as no frequency divider has been applied.
See also “Trigger Out” on page 77.
Keysight 81133A/81134A Pulse Generator User’s Guide, April 2015 83
Using the Keysight 81133A/81134A Pulse Generator Timing of Generated Signals
Repetitive Burst
The following figure shows the typical timing for the repetitive
burst.
Characteristics • A burst of repeated data can be either generated continuously or
can be started manually or by the arming source.
• You can select the number of repeated data in the range
4 ... 16384 (in increments of 4).
• You can specify the factor p for calculating the length of the
pause that follows the repeated data in the range 4 ... 16384 (in
increments of 4):
null data length = Data pattern length x p
• The instrument mode is RBurst.
• The pattern mode is Data.
• You can select between RZ, NRZ and R1 signal mode for each
output.
In R1 and RZ mode, the pulse width can be selected as either
width or duty cycle.
• You can select between normal and inverted signals for each
output.
• For the clock source, you can select from:
– Internal (YIG Oscillator)
– External signal at Clock Input
– External 10 MHz Reference at Clock Input
For more information about the clock sources, see “Clock
Sources” on page 75.
• The Trigger Out marks every start of the repetitive data pattern,
as long as no frequency divider has been applied.
See also “Trigger Out” on page 77.
84 Keysight 81133A/81134A Pulse Generator User’s Guide, April 2015
Jitter Modulation Using the Keysight 81133A/81134A Pulse Generator
Jitter Modulation
The external source for jitter modulation is applied to the delay
control input. Jitter modulation can be turned on and off
individually for each channel. Either one of two fixed sensitivities
can be selected.
The source for the jitter modulation input is assumed to be either a function
generator or an arbitrary waveform generator. Both have the capability of
setting the output levels. Therefore, the instrument has no capabilities
of adjusting the jitter modulation input.
Saving and Recalling Settings
For permanently saving the instrument setting, nine save/recall
registers are provided.
All parameters are saved, including the data. User interface specifics,
such as the current visible page, are not saved.
When the instrument is turned on, the last used setting is
restored.
Keysight 81133A/81134A Pulse Generator User’s Guide, April 2015 85
Using the Keysight 81133A/81134A Pulse Generator Saving and Recalling Settings
86 Keysight 81133A/81134A Pulse Generator User’s Guide, April 2015
Updating the Firmware
Firmware updates of the instrument can be done by using one of
the supported programming interfaces.
Updates and patches are available on the Keysight Web at:
They are applied by downloading the update/patch from the web
(single executable) and running it.
The connection path to the instrument is queried for the time the
executable is run. A warning is issued if a new firmware revision
would be overwritten by an older one. Nevertheless, this down-
grade can be forced.
Prerequisites
The instrument must be connected to a PC through one of the
supported remote programming interfaces. The operating system
running on the PC must be either Windows NT, Windows 2000, or
Windows XP.
An upgrade/patch always includes all parts of the software (that is
firmware and BIOS).
Keysight 81133A/81134A Pulse Generator User’s Guide, April 2015 87
Updating the Firmware
88 Keysight 81133A/81134A Pulse Generator User’s Guide, April 2015
Troubleshooting
This chapter provides basic troubleshooting tips that you can use if
the instrument is not performing as expected.
Instrument out of Specs
The specification is valid within +/- 10 degree Celsius after
running Selfcalibration. If the operating temperature changes, you
can run the SelfCal function. SelfCal is started by pressing the
SelfCal softkey on the Main page.
Outputs Disabled
The outputs are automatically turned off to protect the instrument
when they are not terminated correctly.
In the user interface, check the termination mode and voltage for
the output line in question, and make sure that the actual
termination matches this.
Unlock LED Lit
The Unlock LED lights up when an external clock source is used,
and the set frequency/period of the clock source does not match
the actual signal.
In this case, you can either enter the frequency of the clock source
manually, or press Measure to cause the instrument to measure
the frequency of the clock source.
Display is Black
If the display is black, but you are sure the instrument is running,
it is possible that the display was shut off remotely.
To reactivate the display, press any key. As a last resort, you can
power the instrument down and back up. Before you do this,
though, make sure that no one is carrying out remote tests using
the instrument.
Keysight 81133A/81134A Pulse Generator User’s Guide, April 2015 89
Troubleshooting
Instrument does not Respond
If the instrument does not respond when you press a button, it is
possible that it is being used remotely.
To reactivate the instrument, press the Local key (if this is
available). As a last resort, you can power the instrument down
and back up. Before you do this, though, make sure that no one is
carrying out remote tests using the instrument.
Instrument not Operable via LAN
If the instrument cannot be programmed via LAN, make sure that
you have installed the latest Keysight I/O library on your computer.
Visit the Keysight web site for the newest version.
90 Keysight 81133A/81134A Pulse Generator User’s Guide, April 2015
Index
Index
A
advanced signals
setup 29
Aux page 69
B
benefits 16
Burst (instrument mode) 71
burst signal
example 48
C
channel page
pages
channel 68
cleaning recommendations 13
clock
timing 79
Clock Input 19
clock jitter 16
clock signal
example 30
clock sources 75
ext. direct 75
external 75
external 10 MHz reference 75
int. direct 75
internal 75
Config page
pages
Config 69
D
data 16
Data (pattern mode) 72
Data page 69
data pattern
example 42
timing 81
declaration of conformity 14
Delay Control Input 18
delay modulation range 16
delay range 16
E
entering new values 25
environmental conditions
requirements 9
error messages 89
example
burst signal 48
clock signal 30
data pattern 42
pulse signal 38
repetitive burst signal 54
signals for stressed eye diagram
measurement 60
example for jitter modulation 62
example for setting the variable crossover 62
ext. direct (clock source) 75
external (clock source) 75
external 10 MHz reference (clock source) 75
F
frequency range 16
front panel 17
front panel inputs 18
front panel outputs 18
G
generated signals
timings 78
generic signal
setup 29
GPIB connector 20
graphical user interface 17
pages 68
ground the instrument 10
I
initial inspection 11
inputs 18
Clock Input 19
Delay Control Input 18
Start Input 19
instrument cover removing 10
instrument mode
Pulse/Pattern 70
instrument modes 70
Burst 71
Repetitive Burst 71
instrument panel 68
int. direct (clock source) 75
internal (clock sources) 75
internal PLL 76
J
jitter modulation 85
example 62
K
key features 16
clock jitter 16
data 16
delay modulation range 16
delay range 16
frequency range 16
PRBS 16
transition times 16
voltage amplitude 16
L
LAN connector 20
M
Main page 68
modes
instrument 70
pattern 72
signal 73
trigger output 77
modifying of units 26
modifying of values 26
N
navigation
through pages 22
through parameters 23
navigation knob 18
NRZ 73
number field
changing 25
numeric keys 17
O
outputs 18
inverted Output 18
normal Output 18
Trigger Output 19
P
pages
Aux 69
Data 69
graphical user interface 68
Main 68
scrolling 21
pages overview 22
parameter
selecting 23
Keysight 81133A/81134A Pulse Generator User’s Guide, April 2015 91
Index
parameter values
changing 21
pattern modes 72
Data 72
PRBS 72
Pulse 72
Square 72
PRBS 16
timing 82
PRBS (pattern mode) 72
Pulse (pattern mode) 72
pulse signal
example 38
Pulse/Pattern (instrument mode) 70
pulses
timing 80
R
R1 73
rear panel 20
recalling settings 85
repetitive burst
timing 84
Repetitive Burst (instrument mode) 71
repetitive burst signal
example 54
requirements
cleaning 13
environmental conditions 9
power supply 10
safety 9
ventilation 12
RZ 73
S
safety requirements 9
saving settings 85
scope
setup 65
setting up
advanced signals 29
generic signals 29
signal generation
conbining parameters 70
signal mode
NRZ 73
R1 73
RZ 73
signal modes 73
signals for stressed eye diagram measurement
example 60
single digits
changing 27
softkeys 17
Square (pattern mode) 72
Start Input 19
start mode 77
T
tab keys 17
timing
clock 79
data pattern 81
PRBS 82
pulses 80
repetitive burst 84
triggered burst 83
transition times 16
Trigger Out
modes 77
Trigger Output 19
trigger output
levels 78
trigger output levels 78
triggered burst
timing 83
troubleshooting 89
U
units
modifying 26
USB connector 20
V
values
entering 25
modifying 26
variable crossover 74
variable crossover setup
example 62
ventilation requirements 12
voltage amplitude 16
W
waveform generator
setup 65
92 Keysight 81133A/81134A Pulse Generator User’s Guide, April 2015
This information is subject to change without notice.
© Keysight Technologies 2005, 2019
April 2019
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