any form or by any means (including electronic
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written consent from Keysight Technologies as
governed by United States and international
copyright laws.
Manual Part Number
11904-90009
Edition
Edition 6, February 20, 2019
Printed in:
Printed in Malaysia
Published by:
Keysight Technologies
Bayan Lepas Free Industrial Zone,
11900 Penang, Malaysia
Technology Licenses
The hard ware and/or software described in
this document are furnished under a license
and may be used or copied only in accordance
with the terms of such license.
Declaration of Conformity
Declarations of Conformity for this product
and for other Keysight products may be downloaded from the Web. Go to http://www.key-
sight.com/go/conformity. You can then search
by product number to find the latest Declaration of Conformity.
U.S. Government Rights
The Software is “commercial computer software,” as defined by Federal Acquisition Regulation (“FAR”) 2.101. Pursuant to FAR 12.212
and 27.405-3 and Department of Defense FAR
Supplement (“DFARS”) 227.7202, the U.S.
government acquires commercial computer
software under the same terms by which the
software is customarily provided to the public.
Accordingly, Keysight provides the Software to
U.S. government customers under its standard
commercial license, which is embodied in its
End User License Agreement (EULA), a copy of
which can be found at http://www.key-
sight.com/find/sweula. The license set forth in
the EULA represents the exclusive authority by
which the U.S. government may use, modify,
distribute, or disclose the Software. The EULA
and the license set forth therein, does not
require or permit, among other things, that
Keysight: (1) Furnish technical information
related to commercial computer software or
commercial computer software documentation that is not customarily provided to the
public; or (2) Relinquish to, or otherwise provide, the government rights in excess of these
rights customarily provided to the public to
use, modify, reproduce, release, perform, d isplay, or disclose commercial computer software or commercial computer software
documentation. No additional government
requirements beyond those set forth in the
EULA shall apply, except to the extent that
those terms, rights, or licenses are explicitly
required from all providers of commercial computer software pursuant to the FAR and the
DFARS and are set forth specifically in writing
elsewhere in the EULA. Keysight shall be
under no obligation to update, revise or otherwise modify the Software. With respect to any
technical data as defined by FAR 2.101, pursuant to FAR 12.211 and 27.404.2 and DFARS
227.7102, the U.S. government acquires no
greater than Limited Rights as defined in FAR
27.401 or DFAR 227.7103-5 (c), as applicable
in any technical data.
Warranty
THE MATERIAL CONTAINED IN THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED “AS IS,” AND IS SUBJECT
TO BEING CHANGED, WITHOUT NOTICE, IN
FUTURE EDITIONS. FURTHER, TO THE MAXIMUM EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE
LAW, KEYSIGHT DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES, EITHER EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, WITH
REGARD TO THIS MANUAL AND ANY INFORMATION CONTAINED HEREIN, INCLUDING
BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS
FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. KEYSIGHT
SHALL NOT BE LIABLE FOR ERRORS OR FOR
INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
IN CONNECTION WITH THE FURNISHING,
USE, OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS DOCUMENT OR OF ANY INFORMATION CONTAINED
HEREIN. SHOULD KEYSIGHT AND THE USER
HAVE A SEPARATE WRITTEN AGREEMENT
WITH WARRANTY TERMS COVERING THE
MATERIAL IN THIS DOCUMENT THAT CONFLICT WITH THESE TERMS, THE WARRANTY
TERMS IN THE SEPARATE AGREEMENT
SHALL CONTROL.
Safety Information
A CAUTION notice denotes a hazard. It calls
attention to an operating procedure, practice,
or the like that, if not correctly performed or
adhered to, could result in damage to the
product or loss of important data. Do not proceed beyond a CAUTION notice until the indicated conditions are fully understood and met.
A WARNING notice denotes a hazard. It calls
attention to an operating procedure, practice,
or the like that, if not correctly performed or
adhered to, could result in personal injury or
death. Do not proceed beyond a WARNING
notice until the indicated conditions are fully
understood and met.
2Keysight 11904S User’s and Service Guide
Certification
Keysight Technologies certifies that this product met its published specifications at the time of
shipment from the factory. Keysight Technologies further certifies that its calibration
measurements are traceable to the United States National Institute of Standards and Technology
(NIST, formerly NBS), to the extend allowed by the Institute’s calibration facility, and to the
calibration facilities of the other International Standards Organization members.
Regulatory Markings
The CE mark is a registered trademark
of the European Community. This CE
mark shows that the product complies
with all the relevant European Legal
Directives.
The CSA mark is a registered
trademark of the Canadian
Standards Association.
ICES/NMB-001 indicates that this ISM
device complies with the Canadian
ICES-001.
Cet appareil ISM est conforme a la
norme NMB-001 du Canada.
This symbol indicates the time period
during which no hazardous or toxic
substance elements are expected to
leak or deteriorate during normal use.
Forty years is the expected useful life
of the product.
This text indicates that the instrument
is an Industrial Scientific and Medical
Group 1 Class A product (CISPER 11,
Clause 4).
Keysight 11904S User’s and Service Guide3
Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment (WEEE) Directive
This instrument complies with the WEEE Directive marking requirement. This affixed product label
indicates that you must not discard this electrical or electronic product in domestic household
waste.
Product category:
With reference to the equipment types in the WEEE directive Annex 1, this instrument is classified
as a “Monitoring and Control Instrument” product.
The affixed product label is as shown below.
Do not dispose in domestic household waste.
To return this unwanted instrument, contact your nearest Keysight Service Center, or visit http://
about.keysight.com/en/companyinfo/environment/takeback.shtml for more information.
Sales and Technical Support
To contact Keysight for sales and technical support, refer to the support links on the following
Keysight websites:
– www.keysight.com/find/adapters
(product-specific information and support, software and documentation updates)
– www.keysight.com/find/assist
(worldwide contact information for repair and service)
Keysight 11904S 2.4 mm/2.92 mm Adapter Set
User’s and Service Guide
1General Information
Adapter Set Overview 12
Incoming Inspection 13
Clarifying the Sex of Connectors 14
Preventive Maintenance 15
This chapter provides you with an overview of the 11904S adapter set.
11
1General Information
Adapter Set Overview
The Keysight 11904S adapter set is designed to give network analyzer systems with 2.4 mm test
ports (such as the Keysight 8510, 8722, and the PNA Series) the ability to perform measurements
on devices with 2.92 mm connectors. The set can be used to achieve calibrated measurements of
2.92 mm devices up to 40 GHz, and 2.4 mm devices up to 50 GHz.
Adapter set contents
The basic 11904S adapter set includes the following items:
– User’s and Service Guide (x 1)
– 2.4 mm to 2.92 mm adapters (x 4)
– 5/16 in, 56 N-cm (5 in-lb) torque wrench for use on the 2.92 mm connectors (x 1)
– Open-end wrench for the 7 mm flats on some of the components (x 1)
Calibration definitions
The calibration definitions are for you to use with your analyzer. Refer to your network analyzer
User’s Guide, or embedded Help for information on modifying the calibration kit standard
definitions.
8510
– 2.92 mm A.3, contains modified standards data to account for the adapters, which are inserted
after a 2.4 mm calibration is performed.
– 2.4 mm A.4, contains calibration definitions for only the 2.4 mm devices.
Adapters (2.4 mm and 2.92 mm)
Like the other devices in the kit, the adapters are built to very tight tolerances to provide good
broadband performance and to ensure stable, repeatable connections.
The adapters are designed so that their nominal electrical lengths are the same, which allows them
to be used in calibration procedures for non-insertable devices (such as adapter removal).
The male 2.4 mm and 2.92 mm connectors are metrology grade. The female PSC-2.4 mm is a
metrology–grade, precision slotless connector. The female 2.92 mm connectors have slotted
contacts and therefore cannot be considered metrology grade. Due to the extremely thin wall of
the 2.92 mm female connector, a slotless metrology grade 2.92 mm connector pair does not
currently exist.
Connector adapter sets documented in this manual
The part numbers provided in this manual are the recommended replacement parts for this set. The
devices in this set should meet the specifications published in this manual.
Equipment required but not supplied
Some items are required or recommended for successful operation of your kit, but are not supplied
with the kit.
12Keysight 11904S User’s and Service Guide
Incoming Inspection
To verify the electrical performance of the devices in this set, see Chapter 4, "Performance
Verification".
Check for damage. The foam-lined storage case provides protection during shipping. If the case or
any device appears damaged, or if the shipment is incomplete, refer to the Keysight contact
numbers located at the end of this manual. Keysight will arrange for repair or replacement of
incomplete or damaged shipments without waiting for a settlement from the transportation
company. See “Returning a Kit or Device to Keysight” on page 49.
General Information1
Keysight 11904S User’s and Service Guide13
1General Information
Clarifying the Sex of Connectors
In this document and in the prompts of the PNA calibration wizard, the sex of cable connectors and
adapters is referred to in terms of the center conductor. For example, a connector or device
designated as 1.85 mm –f– has a 1.85 mm female center conductor.
8510-Series, 872x, and 875x ONLY: In contrast, during a measurement calibration, the network
analyzer softkey menus label a 1.85 mm calibration device with reference to the sex of the
analyzer’s test port connector—not the calibration device connector. For example, the label
SHORT(F) refers to the short that is to be connected to the female test port. This will be a male
short from the calibration kit.
Tab le 1-1Clarifying the sex of connectors: examples
TerminologyMeaning
Short –f–Female short (female center conductor)
Short (f)Male short (male center conductor) to be connected to female port
A connector gage is referred to in terms of the connector that it measures. For instance, a male
connector gage has a female connector on the gage so that it can measure male devices.
14Keysight 11904S User’s and Service Guide
Preventive Maintenance
The best techniques for maintaining the integrity of the devices in the kit include:
– routine visual inspection
– routine cleaning
– proper gaging
– proper connection techniques
All of these are described in Chapter 3, "Use, Maintenance, and Care of the Devices". Failure to
detect and remove dirt or metallic particles on a mating plane surface can degrade repeatability
and accuracy and can damage any connector mated to it. Improper connections, resulting from pin
depth values being out of the observed limits (see Table 2-2 on page 20) or from bad connection
techniques, can also damage these devices.
General Information1
Keysight 11904S User’s and Service Guide15
1General Information
THIS PAGE HAS BEEN INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK.
16Keysight 11904S User’s and Service Guide
Keysight 11904S 2.4 mm/2.92 mm Adapter Set
User’s and Service Guide
This chapter provides the environmental requirements, mechanical characteristics, and electrical
specifications of the 11904S adapter set.
17
2Specifications
CAUTION
Environmental Requirements
The Keysight 8497K Attenuator is designed to fully comply with Keysight Technologies’ product
operating environmental specifications as shown in Tab le 2-1.
Tab le 2-1Environmental specifications
ParameterLimits
Temperature
–Operating
–Storage
– Error-corrected range
Altitude
–Operating
–Storage
Relative humid ity
–Operating
–Storage
[a] The temperature range over which the calibration standards maintain conformance to their specifications.
[b] The allowable network analyzer ambient temperature drift during measurement calibration and during measurements when the network
analyzer error correction is turned on. Also, the range over which the network analyzer maintains its specified performance while correction
is turned on.
[a]
[b]
Temperature — what to watch out for
Changes in temperature can affect electrical characteristics. Therefore, the operating temperature
is a critical factor in performance. During a measurement calibration, the temperature of the
calibration devices must be stable and within the range shown in Tab le 2- 1.
– +20 °C to +26 °C
– –40 °C to +75 °C
– ± 1 °C of measurement calibration temperature
– < 4,500 meters (
– < 15,000 meters (
Always non-condensing
– 0 to 80% (26 °C maximum dry bulb)
– 0 to 90%
_15,000 feet)
_50,000 feet)
Avoid unnecessary handling of the devices during calibration because your fingers act as a heat
source and may increase the temperature of the device.
18Keysight 11904S User’s and Service Guide
Mechanical Characteristics
Mechanical characteristics such as center conductor protrusion and pin depth are not performance
specifications. They are, however, important supplemental characteristics related to electrical
performance. Keysight Technologies verifies the mechanical characteristics of the devices in the kit
with special gaging processes and electrical testing.
This ensures that the device connectors do not exhibit any center conductor protrusion or improper
pin depth when the kit leaves the factory.
“Gaging Connectors” on page 32 explains how to use gages to determine if the kit devices have
maintained their mechanical integrity. Refer to Table 2-2 for typical and observed pin depth limits.
Pin depth
Pin depth is the distance the center conductor mating plane differs from being flush with the outer
conductor mating plane. See Figure 2-1. The pin depth of a connector can be in one of two states:
either protruding or recessed.
Protrusion is the condition in which the center conductor extends beyond the outer conductor
mating plane. This condition will indicate a positive value on the connector gage.
Recession is the condition in which the center conductor is set back from the outer conductor
mating plane. This condition will indicate a negative value on the connector gage.
Specifications2
Figure 2-1Connector pin depth
The pin depth value of each calibration device in the kit is not specified, but is an important
mechanical parameter. The electrical performance of the device depends, to some extent, on its
pin depth. The electrical specifications for each device in the kit take into account the effect of pin
depth on the device’s performance. Tab le 2-2 lists the typical pin depths and measurement
uncertainties, and provides observed pin depth limits for the devices in the kit. If the pin depth of a
device does not measure within the observed pin depth limits, it may be an indication that the
device fails to meet electrical specifications. Refer to Figure 2-1 for a visual representation of
proper pin depth (slightly recessed).
Keysight 11904S User’s and Service Guide19
2Specifications
Tab le 2-2Pin depth limits
DeviceTypical pin depth
Opens
Shorts
Fixed loads
Adapters (2,4 to 2.4)
Adapters (2.4 to 2.92)
[c]
Sliding loads
[a] Approximately +2 sigma to -2 sigma of gage uncertainty based on studies done at the factory according to recommended procedures.
[b] Observed pin depth limits are the range of observation limits seen on the gage reading due to measurement uncertainty. The depth could
still be within specifications.
[c] 2.4 mm to 2.92 mm adapters require a 3.5 mm connector gage to measure the 2.92 mm end.
0 to –0.0127 mm
0 to –0.00050 in
0 to –0.0127 mm
0 to –0.00050 in
–0.0025 to –0.0203 mm
–0.0001 to –0.00080 in
–0 to –0.0381 mm
–0 to –0.00150 in
0 to –0.0381 mm
0 to –0.00150 in
0 to –0.0127 mm
0 to –0.00050 in
Measurement uncertainty
+0.0030 to –0.0030 mm
+0.00012 to –0.00012 in
+0.0015 to –0.0015 mm
+0.00006 to –0.00006 in
+0.0030 to –0.0030 mm
+0.00012 to –0.00012 in
+0.0030 to –0.0030 mm
+0.00012 to–0.00012 in
+0.0030 to –0.0030 mm
+0.00012 to–0.00012 in
+0.0015 to –0.0015 mm
+0.00006 to –0.00006 in
[a]
Observed pin depth limits
+0.0030 to –0.0157 mm
+0.00012 to –0.00062 in
+0.0015 to –0.0142 mm
+0.00006 to –0.00056 in
+0.00050 to –0.0234 mm
+0.00002 to –0.00092 in
+0.0030 to –0.0411 mm
+0.00012 to –0.00162 in
+0.0030 to –0.0411 mm
+0.00012 to –0.00162 in
+0.0015 to –0.0142 mm
+0.00006 to –0.00056 in
[b]
When measuring pin depth, the measured value (resultant average of three or more
measurements) is not the true value. Always compare the measured value with the observed pin
depth limits in Table 2- 2 to evaluate the condition of device connectors.
20Keysight 11904S User’s and Service Guide
Electrical Specifications
The electrical specifications in Table 2-3 apply to the devices in your calibration kit when
connected with a Keysight precision interface.
Table 2-3Electrical specifications
DeviceFrequencyParameterSpecification
Specifications2
AdapterDC to 40 GHzReturn loss
Residual errors after calibration
The 8510 “Specifications and Performance Verification” software can be used to obtain a printout
of the residual errors after a calibration has been performed. Refer to the “Specifications and
Performance Verification” section of the 8510C On- Site Service Manual for information on how to
use the software.
Certification
Keysight Technologies certifies that this product met its published specifications at the time of
shipment from the factory. Keysight further certifies that its calibration measurements are
traceable to the United States National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) to the extent
allowed by the institute’s calibration facility, and to the calibration facilities of other International
Standards Organization members. See “How Keysight Verifies the Devices in Your Kit” on page 50
for more information.
~24 dB
Keysight 11904S User’s and Service Guide21
2Specifications
THIS PAGE HAS BEEN INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK.
22Keysight 11904S User’s and Service Guide
Keysight 11904S 2.4 mm/2.92 mm Adapter Set
User’s and Service Guide
3Use, Maintenance, and
Care of the Devices
Electrostatic Discharge 24
Visual Inspection 25
Calibration Information 27
Cleaning the Connectors 30
Gaging Connectors 32
Gaging Procedures 33
Connections 36
Operational Check 39
Handling and Storage 42
This chapter teaches you how to use, maintain, and provide care for the 11904S adapter set.
23
3Use, Maintenance, and Care of the Devices
Electrostatic Discharge
Protection against ESD (electrostatic discharge) is essential while connecting, inspecting, or
cleaning connectors attached to a static- sensitive circuit (such as those found in test sets). Static
electricity can build up on your body and can easily damage sensitive internal circuit elements
when discharged. Static discharges too small to be felt can cause permanent damage. Devices
such as calibration components and devices under test (DUTs), can also carry an electrostatic
charge. To prevent damage to the test set, components, and devices:
– always wear a grounded wrist strap having a 1 MW resistor in series with it when handling
components and devices or when making connections to the test set.
– always use a grounded, conductive table mat while making connections.
– always wear a heel strap when working in an area with a conductive floor. If you are uncertain
about the conductivity of your floor, wear a heel strap.
– always ground yourself before you clean, inspect, or make a connection to a static- sensitive
device or test port. You can, for example, grasp the grounded outer shell of the test port or
cable connector briefly.
– always ground the center conductor of a test cable before making a connection to the analyzer
test port or other static-sensitive device. This can be done as follows:
1 Connect a short (from your calibration kit) to one end of the cable to short the center
conductor to the outer conductor.
2 While wearing a grounded wrist strap, grasp the outer shell of the cable connector.
3 Connect the other end of the cable to the test port.
4 Remove the short from the cable.
Figure 3-1ESD protection setup
24Keysight 11904S User’s and Service Guide
Visual Inspection
Visual inspection and, if necessary, cleaning should be done every time a connection is made.
Metal particles from the connector threads may fall into the connector when it is disconnected.
One connection made with a dirty or damaged connector can damage both connectors beyond
repair.
In some cases, magnification is necessary to see damage to a connector; a magnifying device with
a magnification of
magnification will affect the electrical performance of the connector. Use the following guidelines
when evaluating the integrity of a connector.
Look for obvious defects and damage first
Examine the connectors first for obvious defects and damage: badly worn plating on the connector
interface, deformed threads, or bent, broken, or misaligned center conductors. Connector nuts
should move smoothly and be free of burrs, loose metal particles, and rough spots.
What causes connector wear?
Connector wear is caused by connecting and disconnecting the devices. The more use a connector
gets, the faster it wears and degrades. The wear is greatly accelerated when connectors are not
kept clean, or are not connected properly.
Connector wear eventually degrades performance of the device. Calibration devices should have a
long life if their use is on the order of a few times per week. Replace devices with worn connectors.
Use, Maintenance, and Care of the Devices3
~ 10x is recommended. However, not all defects that are visible only under
The test port connectors on the network analyzer test set may have many connections each day,
and are, therefore, more subject to wear. It is recommended that an adapter be used as a test port
saver to minimize the wear on the test set’s test port connectors.
Inspect the mating plane surfaces
Flat contact between the connectors at all points on their mating plane surfaces is required for a
good connection. See Figure 2-1. Look especially for deep scratches or dents, and for dirt and
metal particles on the connector mating plane surfaces. Also look for signs of damage due to
excessive or uneven wear or misalignment.
Light burnishing of the mating plane surfaces is normal, and is evident as light scratches or shallow
circular marks distributed more or less uniformly over the mating plane surface. Other small
defects and cosmetic imperfections are also normal. None of these affect electrical or mechanical
performance.
If a connector shows deep scratches or dents, particles clinging to the mating plane surfaces, or
uneven wear, clean and inspect it again. Devices with damaged connectors should be discarded.
Determine the cause of damage before connecting a new, undamaged connector in the same
configuration.
Keysight 11904S User’s and Service Guide25
3Use, Maintenance, and Care of the Devices
NOTE
Slotted connectors (2.92 mm)
When using slotted connectors, inspect the contact fingers in the female center conductor
carefully. These can be bent or broken, and damage to them is not always easy to see. A connector
with damaged contact fingers will not make good electrical contact and must be replaced.
This is particularly important when mating non-precision to precision devices.
Precision slotless connectors (2.4 mm)
The female 2.4 mm connectors in this set are metrology-grade, precision slotless connectors
(PSC). Precision slotless connectors are used to improve accuracy. A characteristic of metrologygrade connectors is directly traceability to national measurement standards through their welldefined mechanical dimensions. With PSCs on test ports and standards, the accuracy achieved
when measuring at 50 dB return loss levels is comparable to using conventional slotted connectors
measuring devices having only 30 dB return loss. This represents an accuracy improvement of
about 10 times.
The female 2.92 mm connectors have slotted contacts and, therefore, cannot be considered
metrology-grade. Due to the extremely thin wall of the 2.92 mm female connector, a slotless
metrology-grade 2.92 mm connector pair does not currently exist.
Conventional female center conductors are slotted and, when mated, are flared by the male pin.
Because physical dimensions determine connector impedance, this change in physical dimension
affects electrical performance, making it very difficult to perform precision measurements with
conventional slotted connectors.
The precision slotless connector was developed to eliminate this problem. The PSC has a center
conductor with a solid cylindrical shell, the outside diameter of which does not change when
mated. Instead, the center conductor has an internal contact that flexes to accept the male pin.
26Keysight 11904S User’s and Service Guide
Calibration Information
The calibration procedure for using the Keysight 11904S adapters requires that a 2.4 mm
calibration be done using the calibration definitions of the 11904S instead of the calibration
definitions of the Keysight 85056A 2.4 mm calibration kit. Although response, 1-Port, and 1-Path
2-Port calibrations may also be done, the following section is a general overview of a full 2-Port
calibration, as it is the most complex of the calibrations.
When performing a response calibration, leave the adapters connected and do not load the
calibration definitions of this 11904S adapter set. Refer to your network analyzer documentation or
embedded help for step-by-step calibration procedures and system uncertainty information.
Full two-port calibration overview
The method used to achieve calibrated 2.92 mm connector measurements involves calibrating
both 2.4 mm test ports using 2.4 mm calibration standards: opens, shorts, and loads. For
Option 001 Kits, both the low band load and sliding load are used. The test ports need not be
insertable. Then, two 2.4 mm to 2.92 mm adapters are connected back- to- back between the test
ports to provide the “thru” measurements. For example, if the test port connectors are both female
2.4 mm connectors, a 2.4 mm male to 2.92 male adapter mated with a 2.92 mm female to 2.4 mm
male adapter can be used as the “thru”. This method provides a better transmission calibration
than using the 2.4 mm ports as the thru.
The key to this calibration method lies in the modified standard definitions. The nominal 2.4 mm
open and short circuit standard definitions are modified to account for the presence of the 2.4 mm
to 2.92 mm adapters after calibration. The measurements of the 2.4 mm standard are effectively
translated to the ends of the adapters so that the directivity, source match, and reflection tracking
error terms are transformed to the ends of the adapters. The thru measurements made with the
2.4 mm to 2.92 mm adapter pair accounts for the length and loss of the adapters that are inserted
after the 2.4 mm calibration. The load match and transmission tracking error terms are directly
characterized at the 2.92 mm mating plane.
This calibration method assumes that the adapters being used have equal length and loss, and
that they are reflectionless. The metrology-grade adapters (2.4 mm to 2.4 mm only) and the
2.4 mm to 2.92 mm adapter are designed and manufactured with very tight tolerances and
therefore exhibit very similar transmission characteristics. They may be interchanged, to measure
non-insertables, without much degradation in performance. The actual return loss of the adapters
has the most impact on the effective directivity, source match, and load match of the system. The
2.4 mm calibration residual errors are degraded proportionally by the return loss of the adapters. It
is approximately equal to the RSS (adapter reflection coefficient, 2.4 mm calibration residual
errors). The reflection tracking degradation is a function of the difference between the assumed
loss and delay characteristics of the 2.4 mm/2.92 mm adapters and the actual transmission
characteristics of the adapters.
For best 2.92 mm measurement accuracy, a precision 2.92 mm calibration kit, such as the Keysight
N4692A Electronic Calibration Module or the Maury Microwave 8770S mechanical calibration kit,
is recommended.
Use, Maintenance, and Care of the Devices3
Keysight 11904S User’s and Service Guide27
3Use, Maintenance, and Care of the Devices
NOTE
Two-port calibration procedures
The following procedures are applicable using the specified calibration kit definition files. If the
VNA has an earlier version of the calibration kit definition file, obtain a copy of the latest file from
Keysight Technologies.
The Keysight PNA series of network analyzers provides two calibration procedures for mechanical
calibration kits: the “Smart” Cal and the “Unguided” Cal. The “Smart” Cal guides you through the
calibration process by providing step by step instructions. It also has many powerful built-in
calibration features that can simplify the steps required to calibrate the PNA. Because the 85056K
2.4 mm/2.92 mm Calibration Kit operates differently from a standard calibration kit, the following,
procedure is recommended:
PNA smart cal calibration procedure for the 85065K and 85056K01 cal kits
1 From the CALIBRATION menu, click CALIBRATION WIZARD.
2 Select SMART CAL, and click Next.
3 At the SELECT DUT CONNECTORS dialog, choose the device connector type and sex. Always
choose an insertable combination, such as 2.92 mm female on port-1 and 2.92 mm male on
port-2.
If the 2.92 mm connector selection is not available, click Cancel to exit Calibration Wizard. Click
ADVANCED MODIFY CAL KIT, click IMPORT, then select the cal kit files. Return to the Calibration
Wizard.
4 At SELECT CAL KITS dialog, select either 85056K Broad band Load Cal Kit or 85056K01
Sliding load Cal Kit for both ports.
5 Click Next to perform the calibration steps. DO NOT connect the 2.4 mm to 2.92 mm adapters
to the 2.4 mm test ports until instructed to do so. The 2.4 mm test ports are calibrated first.
When instructed to connect the 2.4 mm/2.92 mm adapter pair (thru standards) to the test
ports, connect the appropriate adapters back- to- back to the 2.4 mm test ports.
6 If the 2.92 mm device being tested is non-insertable, swap out one of the 2.4 mm to 2.92 mm
adapter with one that will mate with the test device.
PNA unguided cal calibration procedure for the 85065K and 85056K01 cal kits
1 Ensure System ZO it is set to 50 ohms. Click SYSTEM then CONFIGURE, then SYSTEM ZO.
2 From the CALIBRATION menu, click CALIBRATION WIZARD.
3 Select UNGUIDED CAL.
4 Select FULL SOLT 2-PORT and check VIEW OR SELECT CAL KIT.
5 Select the 85056K Broadband Load Cal Kit or 85056K01 Slid ing load Cal Kit.
– If the 2.92 mm cal kit is not available, then click Cancel to exit the calibration wizard. Click
ADVANCED MODIFY CAL KIT, click IMPORT, then select the cal kit files. Return to the
Calibration Wizard
– The PNA refers to the connector sex of the calibration standard, NOT the test port.
6 When measuring the THRU standard, connect the 2.4 mm/2.92 mm adapter pair (thru
standards) to the test ports.
7 If the 2.92 mm device being tested is a non-insertable, swap out one of the 2.4 mm to 2.92 mm
adapters with one that will mate with the test device.
Keysight 11904S User’s and Service Guide29
3Use, Maintenance, and Care of the Devices
WARNING
WARNING
Cleaning the Connectors
1 Use compressed air or nitrogen
Always use protective eyewear when using compressed air or nitrogen.
Use compressed air (or nitrogen) to loosen particles on the connector mating plane surfaces. Clean
air cannot damage a connector or leave particles or residues behind.
You can use any source of clean, dry, low- pressure compressed air or nitrogen that has an effective
oil-vapor filter and liquid condensation trap placed just before the outlet hose.
Ground the hose nozzle to prevent electrostatic discharge, and set the air pressure to less than
414 kPa (60 psi) to control the velocity of the air stream. High-velocity streams of compressed air
can cause electrostatic effects when directed into a connector. These electrostatic effects can
damage the device. Refer to “Electrostatic Discharge” on page 24 in this chapter for additional
information.
2 Clean the connector threads
– Keep isopropyl alcohol away from heat, sparks, and flame. Store in a tightly closed
container. It is extremely flammable. In case of fire, use alcohol foam, dry chemical, or
carbon dioxide; water may be ineffective.
– Use isopropyl alcohol with adequate ventilation and avoid contact with eyes, skin, and
clothing. It causes skin irritation, may cause eye damage, and is harmful if swallowed or
inhaled. It may be harmful if absorbed through the skin. Wash thoroughly after handling.
– In case of spill, soak up with sand or earth. Flush spill area with water.
– Dispose of isopropyl alcohol in accordance with all applicable federal, state, and local
environmental regulations.
Use a lint-free swab or cleaning cloth moistened with isopropyl alcohol to remove any dirt or
stubborn contaminants on a connector that cannot be removed with compressed air or nitrogen.
a Apply a small amount of isopropyl alcohol to a lint-free cleaning swab.
b Clean the connector threads.
c Let the alcohol evaporate, then blow the threads dry with a gentle stream of clean, low-
pressure compressed air or nitrogen. Always completely dry a connector before you
reassemble or use it.
30Keysight 11904S User’s and Service Guide
Use, Maintenance, and Care of the Devices3
3 Clean the mating plane surface
a Apply a small amount of isopropyl alcohol to a lint-free cleaning swab.
b Clean the center and outer conductor mating plane surfaces. Refer to Figure 2-1. When
cleaning a female connector, avoid snagging the swab on the center conductor contact
fingers by using short strokes.
c Let the alcohol evaporate, then blow the connector dry with a gentle stream of clean, low-
pressure compressed air or nitrogen. Always completely dry a connector before you
reassemble or use it.
4Inspect
Inspect the connector to make sure that no particles or residue remain. Refer to “Visual Inspection”
on page 25.
Keysight 11904S User’s and Service Guide31
3Use, Maintenance, and Care of the Devices
NOTE
Gaging Connectors
The gages available from Keysight Technologies are intended for preventive maintenance and
troubleshooting purposes only. They are effective in detecting excessive center conductor
protrusion or recession and conductor damage on DUTs, test accessories, and the calibration kit
devices. They are especially useful in determining if the pin depths of sliding loads are grossly out
of adjustment. Do not use the gages for precise pin depth measurements.
Connector gage accuracy
The connector gages are only capable of performing coarse measurements. They do not provide
the degree of accuracy necessary to precisely measure the pin depth of the kit devices. This is
partially due to the repeatability uncertainties that are associated with the measurement. Only the
factory-through special gaging processes and electrical testing-can accurately verify the
mechanical characteristics of the devices.
With proper technique, the gages are useful in detecting gross pin depth errors on device
connectors. To achieve maximum accuracy, random errors must be reduced by taking the average
of at least three measurements having different gage orientations on the connector. Even then, the
resultant average can be in error by as much as ± 0.0001 inch due to systematic (biasing) errors
usually resulting from worn gages and gage masters.
The information in Table 2-2 on page 20 assumes new gages and gage masters, therefore, these
systematic errors were not included in the uncertainty analysis. As the gages undergo more use,
the systematic errors can become more significant in the accuracy of the measurement.
The measurement uncertainties are primarily a function of the assembly materials and design, and
the unique interaction each device type has with the gage. Therefore, these uncertainties can vary
among the different devices. For example, note the difference between the uncertainties of the
Open and Short in Table 2- 2 on page 20.
The observed pin depth limits add these uncertainties to the typical factory pin depth values to
provide practical limits that can be referenced when using the gages.
When measuring pin depth, the measured value (resultant average of three or more
measurements) contains measurement uncertainty and is not necessarily the true value. Always
compare the measured value with the observed pin depth limits (which account for measurement
uncertainties) in Tabl e 2-2 on page 20 to evaluate the cond ition of device connectors.
When to gage connectors
Gage a connector at the following times:
– Prior to using a device for the first time, record the pin depth measurement so that it can be
compared with future readings. (It will serve as a good troubleshooting tool when you suspect
damage may have occurred to the device.)
– If either visual inspection or electrical performance suggests that the connector interface may
be out of typical range (due to wear or damage, for example).
– If a calibration device is used by someone else or on another system or piece of equipment.
– Initially, after every 100 connections, and after that, as often as experience indicates.
32Keysight 11904S User’s and Service Guide
Gaging Procedures
CAUTION
NOTE
NOTE
Gaging 2.4 mm and 2.92 mm connectors
Never connect a 2.4 mm gage to a 2.92 mm device. You must use 3.5 mm gages to measure the
pin depth of 2.92 mm devices.
Always hold a connector gage by the gage barrel, below the dial indicator. This gives the best
stability, and improves measurement accuracy. (Cradling the gage in your hand, or holding it by
the dial applies stress to the gage plunger mechanism through the dial ind icator housing.)
1 Select the proper gage for your connector. The 2.92 mm connectors are gaged with the same
gages and in the same way as the precision 3.5 mm connectors. These are not the same gages
that are used for the 2.4 mm connectors.
2 Inspect and clean the gage, gage master, and device to be gaged. Refer to “Visual Inspection”
on page 25 and “Cleaning the Connectors” on page 30 earlier in this chapter.
Use, Maintenance, and Care of the Devices3
3 Zero the connector gage (refer to Figure 3-3):
a While holding the gage by the barrel, and without turning the gage or the device, connect
the gage to the gage master by interconnecting the male and female connectors. Connect
the nut finger-tight. Do not overtighten.
Refer to Tab le 3-1 on page 36 for the connector type and torque setting information.
b Using an open-end wrench to keep the device body from rotating, use the torque wrench,
included in the kit, to tighten the connecting nut to the specified torque. Refer to “Final
connection using a torque wrench” on page 36 for additional information.
c As you watch the gage pointer, gently tap the barrel of the gage to settle the reading.
The gage pointer should line up exactly with the zero mark on the gage. If not, adjust the
zero set knob until the gage pointer lines up exactly with the zero mark.
d Remove the gage master.
4 Gage the device connector (refer to Figure 3-3):
a While holding the gage by the barrel, and without turning the gage or the device, connect
the gage to the device by interconnecting the male and female connectors. Connect the nut
finger-tight. Do not overtighten.
b Using an open-end wrench to keep the device body from rotating, use the torque wrench,
included in the kit, to tighten the connecting nut to the specified torque. Refer to “Final
connection using a torque wrench” on page 36 for additional information.
c Gently tap the barrel of the gage with your finger to settle the gage reading.
Keysight 11904S User’s and Service Guide33
3Use, Maintenance, and Care of the Devices
d Read the gage indicator dial. Read only the black ± signs; not the red ± signs.
For maximum accuracy, measure the connector a minimum of three times and take an
average of the readings. After each measurement, rotate the gage a quarter-turn to reduce
measurement variations that result from the gage or the connector face not being exactly
perpendicular to the center axis.
e Compare the average reading with the observed pin depth limits in Table 2-2 on page 20.
34Keysight 11904S User’s and Service Guide
Use, Maintenance, and Care of the Devices3
Figure 3-3Gaging 2.4 mm and 2.92 mm connectors
Keysight 11904S User’s and Service Guide35
3Use, Maintenance, and Care of the Devices
CAUTION
Connections
Good connections require a skilled operator. The most common cause of measurement error is bad
connections. The following procedures illustrate how to make good connections.
How to make a connection
Preliminary connection
1 Ground yourself and all devices. Wear a grounded wrist strap and work on a grounded,
conductive table mat. For ESD precautions refer to “Electrostatic Discharge” on page 24.
2 Visually inspect the connectors. Refer to “Visual Inspection” on page 25.
3 If necessary, clean the connectors. Refer to “Cleaning the Connectors” on page 30.
4 Use a connector gage to verify that all center conductors are within the observed pin depth
values in Table 2-2 on page 20.
5 Carefully align the connectors. The male connector center pin must slip concentrically into the
contact finger of the female connector.
Do not turn the device body. Only turn the connector nut. Damage to the center conductor can
occur if the device body is twisted.
6 Push the connectors straight together and tighten the connector nut finger tight. As the center
conductors mate, there is usually slight resistance.
7 The preliminary connection is tight enough when the mating plane surfaces make uniform, light
contact. Do not overtighten this connection.
A connection in which the outer conductors make gentle contact at all points on both mating
surfaces is sufficient. Very light finger pressure is enough to accomplish this.
8 Make sure the connectors are properly supported. Relieve any side pressure on the connection
from long or heavy devices or cables.
Final connection using a torque wrench
Use the appropriate torque wrench to make the final connection. Ta ble 3 -1 provides information
about the torque wrench required for the connector types found in this set.
Tab le 3-1Torque wrench information
Connector typeTorque settingTorque tolerance
2.92 mm56 N-cm (5 in-lb)±5.6 N-cm (±0.5 in-lb)
2.4 mm90 N-cm (8 in-lb)±9.0 N-cm (±0.8 in-lb)
Using a torque wrench guarantees that the connection is not too tight, preventing possible
connector damage. It also guarantees that all connections are equally tight each time.
36Keysight 11904S User’s and Service Guide
Use, Maintenance, and Care of the Devices3
CAUTION
Prevent the rotation of anything other than the connector nut that you are tightening. It may be
possible to do this by hand if one of the connectors is fixed (as on a test port). However, it is
recommended that you use an open- end wrench to keep the body of the device from turning.
1 Position both wrenches within 90 degrees of each other before applying force. See Figure 3-4.
Wrenches opposing each other (greater than 90 degrees apart) will cause a lifting action which
can misalign and stress the connections of the devices involved. This is especially true when
several devices are connected together.
Figure 3-4Wrench positions
2 Hold the torque wrench lightly, at the end of the handle only (beyond the groove), as shown in
Figure 3-5.
Figure 3-5Using the torque wrench
3 Apply downward force perpendicular to the wrench handle. This applies torque to the
connection through the wrench.
Do not hold the wrench so tightly that you push the handle straight down along its length
rather than pivoting it; otherwise, you apply an unknown amount of torque.
4 Tighten the connection just to the torque wrench “break” point. The wrench handle gives way at
its internal pivot point. Do not tighten the connection further. See Figure 3-5.
You don’t have to fully break the handle of the torque wrench to reach the specified torque; doing
so can cause the handle to kick back and loosen the connection. Any give at all in the handle is
sufficient torque.
Keysight 11904S User’s and Service Guide37
3Use, Maintenance, and Care of the Devices
CAUTION
How to separate a connection
To avoid lateral (bending) force on the connector mating plane surfaces, always support the
devices and connections.
Do not turn the device body. Only turn the connector nut. Damage to the center conductor can
occur if the device body is twisted.
1 Use an open-end wrench to prevent the device body from turning.
2 Use another open-end wrench to loosen the connecting nut.
3 Complete the separation by hand, turning only the connecting nut.
4 Pull the connectors straight apart without twisting, rocking, or bending either of the
connectors.
38Keysight 11904S User’s and Service Guide
Operational Check
The following procedure will give an indication of whether or not the adapters in this set are
operating properly. This procedure does not verify any specification, but rather gives an indication
of the return loss characteristics of the adapters. Any gross errors obtained after performing this
check could indicate that the performance of one or both of the adapters checked is in question
(two are checked at the same time).
Connect the 2.4 mm lowband load
Refer to Figure 3-6 for the following steps:
1 Perform an S11 1-Port calibration in 2.4 mm to 40 GHz using the calibration definitions of the
85056A 2.4 mm calibration kit. The calibration conditions are:
– 250 ms sweep
– 201 points
– 16 averages
– 2.4 mm sliding load cal
Use, Maintenance, and Care of the Devices3
Figure 3-62.4 mm to 2.92 mm adapter to lowband load
2 Connect the 2.4 mm -f- to 2.92 mm -f- adapter to the calibrated test port.
Keysight 11904S User’s and Service Guide39
3Use, Maintenance, and Care of the Devices
3 Connect the 2.4 mm -m- to 2.92 mm -m- adapter to the adapter on the test port.
4 Connect the 2.4 mm lowband load -f- to the end of the adapter connected in step 3.
The measured return loss should be > 28 dB from 45 MHz to 4 GHz.
Refer to Figure 3-7 for the following step:
5 Remove the lowband load and connect a 2.4 mm sliding load -f- to the adapter. Refer to the
85056A 2.4 mm Precision Calibration Kit for information on connecting a sliding load. The
return loss should be > 20 dB from 4GHz to 40 GHz.
40Keysight 11904S User’s and Service Guide
Use, Maintenance, and Care of the Devices3
Figure 3-72.4 mm to 2.92 mm adapter to sliding load
Keysight 11904S User’s and Service Guide41
3Use, Maintenance, and Care of the Devices
Handling and Storage
– Install the protective end caps and store the calibration devices in the foam-lined storage case
when not in use.
– Never store connectors loose in a box, or in a desk or bench drawer. This is the most common
cause of connector damage during storage.
– Keep connectors clean.
– Do not touch mating plane surfaces. Natural skin oils and microscopic particles of dirt are easily
transferred to a connector interface and are very difficult to remove.
– Do not set connectors contact-end down on a hard surface. The plating and the mating plane
surfaces can be damaged if the interface comes in contact with any hard surface.
42Keysight 11904S User’s and Service Guide
Keysight 11904S 2.4 mm/2.92 mm Adapter Set
User’s and Service Guide
4Performance Verification
Introduction 44
How Keysight Verifies the Devices in Your Kit 45
Recertification 46
This chapter provides information on the recertification steps for the 11904S adapter set.
43
4Performance Verification
Introduction
The performance of your adapter set can only be verified by returning the kit to Keysight
Technologies for recertification. The equipment and calibration standards required to verify the
specifications of the devices in the kit have been specially manufactured and are not commercially
available.
44Keysight 11904S User’s and Service Guide
How Keysight Verifies the Devices in Your Kit
Keysight verifies the specifications of these devices as follows:
1 The residual microwave error terms of the test system are verified with precision airlines and
shorts that are directly traced to the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST). The
airline and short characteristics are developed from mechanical measurements. The mechanical
measurements and material properties are carefully modeled to give very accurate electrical
representation. The mechanical measurements are then traced to NIST through various plug
and ring gages and other mechanical measurements.
2 Each calibration device is electrically tested on this system. For the initial (before sale) testing
of the calibration devices, Keysight includes the test measurement uncertainty as a guardband
to guarantee each device meets the published specification. For recertifications (after sale), no
guardband is used and the measured data is compared directly with the specification to
determine the pass or fail status. The measurement uncertainty for each device is, however,
recorded in the calibration report that accompanies recertified kits.
These two steps establish a traceable link to NIST for Keysight to the extent allowed by the
institute’s calibration facility. The specifications data provided for the devices in the kit is traceable
to NIST through Keysight Technologies.
Performance Verification4
Keysight 11904S User’s and Service Guide45
4Performance Verification
NOTE
NOTE
Recertification
The following will be provided with a recertified kit:
– a new calibration sticker affixed to the case
– a certificate of calibration
– a calibration report for each device in the kit listing measured values, specifications, and
uncertainties
A list of NIST traceable numbers may be purchased upon request to be included in the calibration
report.
Keysight Technologies offers a Standard calibration for the recertification of the kit. For more
information, contact Keysight Technologies.
How often to recertify
The suggested initial interval for recertification is 12 months or sooner. The actual need for
recertification depends on the use of the kit. After reviewing the results of the initial recertification,
you may establish a different recertification interval that reflects the usage and wear of the kit.
The recertification interval should begin on the date the kit is first used after the recertification
date.
Where to send a kit for recertification
Contact Keysight Technologies for information on where to send your kit for recertification. Refer to
“Returning a Kit or Device to Keysight” on page 49 for details on sending your kit.
46Keysight 11904S User’s and Service Guide
Keysight 11904S 2.4 mm/2.92 mm Adapter Set
User’s and Service Guide
5Troubleshooting
Troubleshooting Process 48
Returning a Kit or Device to Keysight 49
How Keysight Verifies the Devices in Your Kit 50
Recertification 51
This chapter provides basic troubleshooting instructions for the 11904S adapter set.
47
5Troubleshooting
Troubleshooting Process
This manual contains limited information about network analyzer system operation. For complete
information, refer to the instrument documentation.
If you suspect a bad calibration, or if your network analyzer does not pass performance verification,
follow the steps in Figure 5-1.
Figure 5-1Troubleshooting flowchart
48Keysight 11904S User’s and Service Guide
Returning a Kit or Device to Keysight
If your kit or device requires service, contact Keysight Technologies for information on where to
send it. See the end of this manual for contact information. Include a service tag (located near the
end of this manual) on which you provide the following information:
– your company name and address
– a technical contact person within your company, and the person's complete telephone number
– the model number and serial number of the kit
– the part number and serial number of each device
– the type of service required
– a detailed description of the problem and how the device was being used when the problem
occurred (such as calibration or measurement)
Where to look for more information
This manual contains limited information about network analyzer system operation. For complete
information, refer to the instrument documentation. If you need additional information, contact
Keysight Technologies at http://www.keysight.com/find/assist
Troubleshooting5
Keysight 11904S User’s and Service Guide49
5Troubleshooting
How Keysight Verifies the Devices in Your Kit
Keysight verifies the specifications of these devices as follows:
1 The residual microwave error terms of the test system are verified with precision airlines and
shorts that are directly traced to the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST). The
airline and short characteristics are developed from mechanical measurements. The mechanical
measurements and material properties are carefully modeled to give very accurate electrical
representation. The mechanical measurements are then traced to NIST through various plug
and ring gages and other mechanical measurements.
2 Each calibration device is electrically tested on this system. For the initial (before sale) testing
of the calibration devices, Keysight includes the test measurement uncertainty as a guardband
to guarantee each device meets the published specification. For recertifications (after sale), no
guardband is used and the measured data is compared directly with the specification to
determine the pass or fail status. The measurement uncertainty for each device is, however,
recorded in the calibration report that accompanies recertified kits.
These two steps establish a traceable link to NIST for Keysight to the extent allowed by the
institute’s calibration facility. The specifications data provided for the devices in the kit is traceable
to NIST through Keysight Technologies.
50Keysight 11904S User’s and Service Guide
Recertification
NOTE
NOTE
The following will be provided with a recertified kit:
– a new calibration sticker affixed to the case
– a certificate of calibration
– a calibration report for each device in the kit listing measured values, specifications, and
A list of NIST traceable numbers may be purchased upon request to be included in the calibration
report.
Keysight Technologies offers a Standard calibration for the recertification of the kit. For more
information, contact Keysight Technologies.
How often to recertify
The suggested initial interval for recertification is 12 months or sooner. The actual need for
recertification depends on the use of the kit. After reviewing the results of the initial recertification,
you may establish a different recertification interval that reflects the usage and wear of the kit.
Troubleshooting5
uncertainties
The recertification interval should begin on the date the kit is first used after the recertification
date.
Where to send a kit for recertification
Contact Keysight Technologies for information on where to send your kit for recertification. Refer to
“Returning a Kit or Device to Keysight” on page 49 for details on sending your kit.
Keysight 11904S User’s and Service Guide51
5Troubleshooting
THIS PAGE HAS BEEN INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK.
52Keysight 11904S User’s and Service Guide
This information is subject to change
without notice. Always refer to the
Keysight website for the latest
revision.