Keysight (Agilent) E4401B Users Guide

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User’s Guide

Agilent Technologies

ESA Spectrum Analyzers

Firmware Revision A.04.00 and Later

This manual provides documentation for the following instruments:

Agilent Technologies ESA-E Series

E4401B (9 kHz–1.5 GHz) E4402B (9 kHz–3.0 GHz)

E4404B (9 kHz–6.7 GHz) E4405B (9 kHz–13.2 GHz) E4407B (9 kHz–26.5 GHz)

and

Agilent Technologies ESA-L Series

E4411B (9 kHz–1.5 GHz)

E4403B (9 kHz–3.0 GHz) E4408B (9 kHz–26.5 GHz)

Manufacturing Part Number: E4401-90174

Supersedes E4401-90133

Printed in USA

February 2000

The information contained in this document is subject to change without notice.

Agilent Technologiesmakesnowarrantyofanykindwithregard to this material, including but not limited to, the implied warranties of merchantability and ﬁtness for a particular purpose. Agilent Technologies shall not be liable for errors contained herein or for incidental or consequential damages in connection with the furnishing, performance, or use of this material.

The following safety symbols are used throughout this manual. Familiarize yourself with the symbols and their meaning before operating this instrument.

WARNING Warning denotes a hazard. It calls attention to a procedure

which, if not correctly performed or adhered to, could result in injury or loss of life. Do not proceed beyond a warning note until the indicated conditions are fully understood and met.

CAUTION Caution denotes a hazard. It calls attention to a procedure that, if not

correctly performed or adhered to, could result in damage to or destruction of the instrument. Do not proceed beyond a caution sign until the indicated conditions are fully understood and met.

NOTE Note calls out special information for the user’s attention. It provides

operational information or additional instructions of which the user should be aware.

The instruction documentation symbol. The product is marked with this symbol when it is necessary for the user to refer to the instructions in the documentation.

This symbol is used to mark the on position of the power line switch.

This symbol is used to mark the standby position of the power line switch.

This symbol indicates that the input power required is AC.

WARNING This is a Safety Class 1 Product (provided with a protective

earthing ground incorporated in the power cord). The mains plug shall only be inserted in a socket outlet provided with a protected earth contact. Any interruption of the protective conductor inside or outside of the product is likely to make the product dangerous. Intentional interruption is prohibited.

WARNING If this product is not used as speciﬁed, the protection provided

by the equipment could be impaired. This product must be used in a normal condition (in which all means for protection are intact) only.

Warranty

This Agilent Technologies instrument product is warranted against defects in material and workmanship for a period of three years from date of shipment. During the warranty period, Agilent Technologies will, at its option, either repair or replace products which prove to be defective.

For warranty service or repair, this product must be returned to a service facility designated by Agilent Technologies. Buyer shall prepay shipping charges to Agilent Technologies and Agilent Technologies shall pay shipping charges to return the product to Buyer. However, Buyer shall pay all shipping charges, duties, and taxes for products returned to Agilent Technologies from another country.

Agilent Technologies warrants that its software and ﬁrmware designated by Agilent Technologies for use with an instrument will execute its programming instructions when properly installed on that instrument. Agilent Technologies does not warrant that the operation of the instrument, or software, or ﬁrmware will be uninterrupted or error-free.

LIMITATION OF WARRANTY

The foregoing warranty shall not apply to defects resulting from improper or inadequate maintenance by Buyer, Buyer-supplied software or interfacing, unauthorized modiﬁcation or misuse, operation outside of the environmental speciﬁcations for the product, or improper site preparation or maintenance.

NO OTHER WARRANTY IS EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED. AGILENT TECHNOLOGIES SPECIFICALLY DISCLAIMS THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.

iii

EXCLUSIVE REMEDIES

THE REMEDIES PROVIDED HEREIN ARE BUYER’S SOLE AND EXCLUSIVE REMEDIES. AGILENT TECHNOLOGIES SHALL NOT BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES, WHETHER BASED ON CONTRACT, TORT, OR ANY OTHER LEGAL THEORY.

Where to Find the Latest Information

Documentation is updated periodically.For the latest information about Agilent Technologies ESA Spectrum Analyzers, including ﬁrmware upgrades and application information, please visit the following Internet URL:

http://www.agilent.com/ﬁnd/esa

Contents

1. Preparing for Use

Initial Inspection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-2

Power Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-4

Checking the Fuse . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-4

AC Power Cable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-5

Preparation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-7

Turning On the Analyzer for the First Time . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-8

2. Getting Started

What You Will Find in This Chapter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-2

Front-Panel Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-3

Rear-Panel Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-8

Display Annotation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-13

Key Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-18

Making a Measurement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-20

Measurement Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-22

Analyzer Accuracy and the Internal Alignment Process . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-24

Warmup Time . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-24

File Menu Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-25

Locate and view files in the catalog . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-26

Creating a directory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-28

Format a Floppy Disk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-29

Save a File . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-31

Load a file . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-35

Rename a File . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-37

Copy a File . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-38

Delete a File . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-40

Printer Setup and Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-41

Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-41

Interconnection and Setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-41

Testing Printer Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-43

Analyzer Battery Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-44

3. Functional Testing

What You Will Find in This Chapter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-2

What Are the Functional Tests? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-2

Functional Test Versus Performance Verification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-2

Test Descriptions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-3

Displayed Average Noise Level . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-4

Test Limits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-4

Test Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-5

Required Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-5

Contents

Procedure (10 MHz to 500 MHz) E4401B and E4411B . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-6

Procedure (501 MHz to 1.0 GHz) E4401B and E4411B . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-7

Procedure (1.01 GHz to 1.5 GHz) E4401B and E4411B . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-9

Procedure (10 MHz to 1 GHz) E4402B, E4403B, E4404B, E4405B, E4407B,

E4408B . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-10

Procedure (1.01 GHz to 2 GHz) E4402B, E4403B, E4404B, E4405B, E4407B,

E4408B . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-11

Procedure (2.01 GHz to 3.0 GHz) E4402B, E4403B, E4404B, E4405B, E4407B,

E4408B . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-12

Procedure (3.01 GHz to 6.0 GHz) E4404B, E4405B, E4407B, E4408B . . . . . . . . . . . 3-14

Procedure (6.01 GHz to 6.7 GHz) E4404B . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-15

Procedure (6.01 GHz to 12.0 GHz) E4405B, E4407B, E4408B . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-16

Procedure (12.01 GHz to 13.2 GHz) E4405B . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-18

Procedure (12.01 GHz to 22 GHz) E4407B and E4408B . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-19

Procedure (22.01 GHz to 26.5 GHz) E4407B and E4408B . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-20

Frequency Readout Accuracy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-23

Test Limits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-23

Test Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-23

Required Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-24

Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-25

Marker Count Accuracy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-26

Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-26

Frequency Response . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-27

Test Limits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-27

Test Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-27

Required Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-28

Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-29

Reference Level Accuracy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-32

Test Limits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-32

Test Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-32

Required Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-33

Log Mode Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-34

Linear Mode Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-35

Resolution Bandwidth Switching Uncertainty . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-37

Test Limits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-37

Test Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-37

Required Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-38

Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-38

Scale Fidelity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-40

Test Limits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-40

Test Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-40

Required Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-41

Contents

Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-42

Second Harmonic Spurious Responses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-44

Test Limits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-44

Test Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-44

Required Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-45

Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-46

Tracking Generator Level Flatness: HP E4401B and E4411B, Options 1DN and 1DQ . 3-47

Test Limits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-47

Test Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-47

Required Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-47

Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-48

Tracking Generator Level Flatness: E4402B, E4403B, E4404B, E4405B, E4407B

and E4408B, Option 1DN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-50

Test Limits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-50

Test Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-50

Required Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-50

Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-51

4. Troubleshooting

What You Will Find in This Chapter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-2

Before You Call Agilent Technologies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-3

Check the Basics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-3

Read the Warranty . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-4

Service Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-4

How to Call Agilent Technologies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-5

How to Return Your Analyzer for Service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-7

Service Tag . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-7

Original Packaging . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-7

Other Packaging . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-9

Error Messages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-10

Status Messages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-11

Informational Messages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-16

Error Queues . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-21

Error Message Format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-22

Error Message Types . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-23

No Error . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-25

–499 to –400:

Query Errors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-26

–299 to –200:

Execution Error Messages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-28

Execution Error Message Descriptions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-28

vii

Contents

–199 to –100:

Command Errors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-29

201 to 799:

Device-Specific Errors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-34

Greater than 1000:

Personality Specific Error Messages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4-44

5. Menu Maps

What You Will Find in This Chapter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5-2

6. Front-Panel Key Reference

AMPLITUDE Y Scale . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-8

Auto Couple . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6-13

BW/Avg . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6-14

Det/Demod . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-17

Display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6-19

Enter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-25

Esc . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-26

File . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-27

Freq Count . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6-36

FREQUENCY Channel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6-37

Help . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-39

Input/Output . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-40

Marker . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-43

Marker

Meas Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6-49

Meas Setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-50

MEASURE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6-53

MODE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-56

MODE SETUP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-57

Next Window . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6-58

Peak Search . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-59

Preset . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-65

Print . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-70

Print Setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6-71

Restart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6-73

Return . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6-74

Save . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-75

Single . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-76

Source . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6-77

SPAN X Scale . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-79

Standby . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6-83

→ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6−48

viii

Contents

Sweep . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-84

System (Local) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-88

Trig . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-95

Viewing Angle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-99

View/Trace . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-100

Zoom . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-103

7. Options and Accessories

Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-4

How to Order Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-5

Delete Manual Set (Option 0B0) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-5

Additional Manual Set (Option 0B1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-5

Component Level Service Documentation (Option 0BV) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-5

Service Documentation and Adjustment Software

(Option 0BW) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-5

RS-232 and Parallel Interface (Option 1AX) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-5

Rack Mount Kit With Handles (Option 1CP) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-6

High Stability Frequency Reference (Option 1D5) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-6

Time-Gated Spectrum Analysis (Option 1D6) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-6

Ω to 75 Ω Matching Pad (Option 1D7) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-6

Ω Tracking Generator (Option 1DN) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-6

Ω Input Impedance (Option 1DP) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-6

Narrow Resolution Bandwidth (Option 1DR) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-7

Ω Tracking Generator (Option 1DQ) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-7

Pre-amplifier (Option 1DS) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-7

GPIB and Parallel Interface (Option A4H) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-7

IF, Sweep and Video Ports (Option A4J) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-7

12 Vdc Power Cable (Option A5D) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-8

Hard Transit Case (Option AXT) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-8

Operating and Carrying Cases (Option AYT/AYU) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-8

Fast Digitized Time Domain Sweeps (Option AYX) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-8

External Mixing (Option AYZ) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-9

Benchlink Spectrum Analyzer (Option B70) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-9

Enhanced Memory Upgrade (Option B72) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-9

RF and Digital Communications Hardware

(Option B74) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-9

Performance Bundle (Option B75) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-9

TV Trigger and Picture on Screen (Option B7B) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-10

Digital Signal Processing and Fast ADC (Option B7D) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-10

RF Communications Hardware (Option B7E) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-10

Distance to Fault Accessory Kit (Option B7K) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-10

FM Demodulation (Option BAA) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-10

Contents

APC 3.5 Input Connector (Option BAB) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7-11

cdmaOne Measurement Personality (Option BAC) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7-11

GSM Measurement Personality (Option BAH) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-11

Firmware Upgrade Kit (Option UE2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-11

Low Frequency Extension (Option UKB) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-11

Commercial Calibration with Test Data

(Option UK6) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-12

Front Panel Protective Cover (Option UK9) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7-12

3 Year Calibration Contract (Option W32) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7-12

5 Year Service Support (Option W50) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-12

5 Year Calibration Contract (Option W52) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7-12

Accessories . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7-13

RF and Transient Limiters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7-13

Ω/75 Ω Minimum Loss Pad . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-13

Ω Matching Transformer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7-13

RF Bridges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7-13

HP/Agilent E1779A Battery Pack . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7-14

HP/Agilent N2717A Performance Verification Software . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-14

AC Probe . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7-14

Broadband Preamplifiers and Power Amplifiers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-14

External Keyboard . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7-15

GPIB Cable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-15

Parallel Interface Cable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-15

Printer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7-15

RS-232 Cable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7-15

Carrying Strap (Part Number E4411-60028) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-15

HP/Agilent 11970 Series Harmonic Mixers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7-16

HP/Agilent 11974 Series Preselected Millimeter Mixers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-16

1 Preparing for Use

This chapter provides information on how to inspect your analyzer when it arrives and what to expect when it is ﬁrst powered on. It also includes the analyzer power requirements.

1-1

Preparing for Use

Initial Inspection

Inspect the shipping container and verify that the contents are complete. Keep the container and cushioning material until you have inspected the analyzer.

Table 1-1 contains the accessories shipped with the analyzer. If the

contents are incomplete, or the analyzer does not pass the performance tests, notify the nearest Agilent Technologies ofﬁce. If the shipping container is damaged or the cushioning material shows signs of stress, also notify the carrier. Keep the shipping materials for the carrier’s inspection. The Agilent ofﬁce will arrange for repair or replacement without waiting for a claim settlement.

If the shipping materials are in good condition, retain them for possible future use. You may wish to ship the analyzer to another location or to return it to Agilent Technologies for service. See “How to Return Your

Analyzer for Service” on page 4-7 for more information about shipping

materials. If cleaning is necessary, use a damp cloth only.

WARNING To prevent electrical shock, disconnect the analyzer mains

before cleaning. Use a dry cloth or one slightly dampened with water to clean the external case parts. Do not attempt to clean internally.

1-2 Chapter1

Table 1-1 Accessories Supplied with the Analyzer

Preparing for Use

Initial Inspection

Description

Adapter, Type-N (m) to BNC (f)

Adapter, BNC (m) toF (f), 75 Ω

Adapter, Type-N (m) to SMA (f)

Adapter, BNC (f) to SMA (m)

Cable, BNC (m) to BNC (m), 203 mm

Cable, SMA (m) to Type-N (m), 220 mm

Power cable See the table after

HP/Agilent Part Number

1250-0780 Not shipped with Option 1DP. Two adapters

1250-2477 Shipped only with Option 1DP. Two adapters

1250-1250 Shipped only with Option 1DN for Agilent

1250-1200 Shipped only with Option BAB.

10502A Shipped only with Agilent E4402B, E4403B,

8120-5148 Shipped only with Option 1DN for Agilent

page 1-5.

Comments

are shipped with Option 1DN.

shipped with Option 1DQ.

E4402B, E4403B, E4404B, E4405B, E4407B and E4408B. Not shipped with Option BAB.

E4404B, E4405B, E4407B and E4408B.

E4402B, E4403B, E4404B, E4405B, E4407B and E4408B.

Shipped with analyzer.

Chapter 1 1-3

Preparing for Use

Power Requirements

The analyzer is a portable instrument and requires no physical installation other than connection to a power source. There is no need to select a line voltage.

Table 1-2 AC Power Requirements

Voltage 90-132 Vrms (47 to 440 Hz) Voltage 195 - 250 Vrms (47 to 66 Hz) Power Consumption, On less than 300 W Power Consumption, Standby less than 5 W

Table 1-3 DC Power Requirements

Voltage 12-20 Vdc Power Consumption less than 200 W

Checking the Fuse

Where IEC regulations apply, use a 5 by 20 mm, rated F5A, 250 V IEC approved fuse. This fuse may be used with input line voltages of 115 V or 230 V. Its part number is 2110-0709.

Where UL/CSA regulations apply, use a 5 by 20 mm rated fast blow, 5 A, 125 V UL/CSA approved fuse (part number 2110-0756). This fuse may only be used with an input line voltage of 115 V.

The line fuse is housed in a fuse holder in the upper left hand corner of the rear panel.

To remove the fuse, ﬁrst disconnect the power cord from the instrument. Then insert the tip of a screwdriver into the slot at the middle of the fuse holder, and turn counterclockwise to extend the fuse holder.

WARNING For continued protection against ﬁre hazard, replace the line

fuse only with the same type and rating. The use of other fuses or material is prohibited.

1-4 Chapter1

Preparing for Use

Power Requirements

AC Power Cable

The analyzer is equipped with a three-wire power cable, in accordance with international safety standards. When connected to an appropriate power line outlet, this cable grounds the instrument cabinet.

WARNING Failure to ground the analyzer properly can result in personal

injury. Before turning on the analyzer, you must connect its protective earth terminals to the protective conductor of the main power cable. Insert the main power cable plug only into a socket outlet that has a protective earth contact. DO NOT defeat the earth-grounding protection by using an extension cable, power cable, or autotransformer without a protective ground conductor.

If you are using an autotransformer, make sure its common terminal is connected to the protective earth contact of the power source outlet socket.

Various power cables are available to connect the analyzer to the types of ac power outlets unique to speciﬁc geographic areas. The cable appropriate for the area to which the analyzer is originally shipped is included with the unit. You can order additional AC power cables for use in different areas. The following table lists the available ac power cables, illustrates the plug conﬁgurations, and identiﬁes the geographic area in which each cable is appropriate.

Chapter 1 1-5

Preparing for Use

Power Requirements

1-6 Chapter1

Preparing for Use

Preparation

WARNING If this product is to be energized via an external

autotransformer for voltage reduction, make sure that its common terminal is connected to a neutral (earthed pole) of the power supply.

CAUTION This instrument has autoranging line voltage input. Be sure the supply

voltage is within the speciﬁed range. (Refer to the Agilent Technologies ESA Spectrum Analyzer Speciﬁcations Guide.)

CAUTION Ventilation Requirements: When installing the product in a cabinet, the

convection into and out of the product must not be restricted. The ambient temperature (outside the cabinet) must be less than the maximum operating temperature of the product by 4 ˚C for every 100 watts dissipated in the cabinet. If the total power dissipated in the cabinet is greater than 800 watts, then forced convection must be used.

NOTE Install the instrument so that the detachable power cord is readily

identiﬁable and is easily reached by the operator. The detachable power cord is the instrument disconnecting device. It disconnects the mains circuits from the mains supply before other parts of the instrument. The front panel switch is only a standby switch and is not a LINE switch. Alternatively, an externally installed switch or circuit breaker (which is readily identiﬁable and is easily reached by the operator) may be used as a disconnecting device.

Chapter 1 1-7

Preparing for Use

Turning On the Analyzer for the First Time

Before using your analyzer, plug the power cord into the analyzer. Press | (the On key). Choose a power on preference using the switch on the rear panel (refer

to Figure 2-2 on page 2-8, item 14). The the analyzer on whenever external power is applied. This mode is useful if an external power switch is used to control a rack of several instruments.The

PWR NORM setting (factorydefault)assignsanalyzer

on/off control to the front-panel On key (see Figure 2-1 on page 2-3, item 23); however if the external power is removed for > 20 seconds, the instrument returns to the Standby condition of the front-panel On key when external power is reconnected.

When you turn on the analyzer, the information screen as shown in

Figure 1-1 will be displayed during initialization of the instrument.

PWR ALWAYS ON setting turns

NOTE This screen may be displayed for as long as 1 minute before the

initialization process is complete. Your analyzer product number, the ﬁrmware revision number (A.04.01),

and a URL for accessing product support information on the World Wide Web are shown.

Figure 1-1 Information Screen Displayed During Initialization

1-8 Chapter1

Preparing for Use

Turning On the Analyzer for the First Time

NOTE Record the ﬁrmware revision number and keep it for reference. If you

should ever need to call Agilent Technologies for service or with any questions regarding your analyzer, it will be helpful to have the ﬁrmware revision number readily available. You can also obtain the ﬁrmware revision number by pressing

System.

System, More 1 of 3, Show

To ensure your analyzer meets speciﬁcations, it must meet operating temperature conditions. Allow a 5 minute warmup before making calibrated measurements.

If the analyzer is an Agilent Technologies E4402B, E4403B, E4404B, E4405B, E4407B, or E4408B, connect a BNC cable from the AMPTD REF OUT to INPUT 50 press

System, Alignments, Align Now, All.

NOTE It is normal to hear clicking when the Auto Alignment function is on.

Ω using an adapter. After a 5 minute warmup,

During the interval between sweeps, portions of the analyzer’s circuitry are realigned. Some of the circuitry is controlled by relays. It is the rapid switching of these relays between sweeps which causes the clicking sound. Under normal operation, these relays will last over 50 years.

To eliminate the clicking sound, turn off the automatic alignment. (See the

Alignments key description in Chapter 6 , “Front-Panel Key

Reference.”) With

Auto Align turned off, however, the Align Now All

function should be performed periodically. For more information on how often to perform Align Now All when the Auto Alignment function is off, refer to the appropriate “Speciﬁcations and Characteristics” chapter in the Agilent Technologies ESA Spectrum Analyzer Speciﬁcations Guide.

CAUTION When operating in DC mode (<100 kHz) on spectrum analyzers with

Option UKB, ensure protection of the input mixer by limiting the input level to 0 VDC, +30 dBm.

If you wish to use an external 10 MHz source as the reference frequency, connect an external reference source to the

10 MHz REF IN

connector on the rear panel. The signal level should be greater than –15 dBm.

Chapter 1 1-9

2 Getting Started

2-1

Getting Started

What You Will Find in This Chapter

This chapter introduces the basic functions of the analyzer. In this chapter you will:

• Get acquainted with the front-panel and rear-panel features.

• Get acquainted with the function keys.

• Learn about display annotation.

• Make a basic measurement (using the internal alignment signal).

• Learn about analyzer accuracy and the internal alignment process.

• Learn about ﬁle menus.

• Set up your printer.

• Learn about the analyzer battery for retaining internal memory.

NOTE Before using your analyzer, please read Chapter 1, “Preparing for Use”

which describes how to set up your analyzer and how to verify that it is operational. It also describes many safety considerations that should not be overlooked.

2-2 Chapter2

Front-Panel Features

Figure 2-1 Front-Panel Feature Overview

Getting Started

Front-Panel Features

1 Viewing Angle keys allow you to adjust the display so

that it can be optimally viewed from different angles.

2 Esc. The Esc (escape) key cancels any entry in progress.

Esc will abort a print (if one is in progress) and clear

error messages from the status line at the bottom of the display. It also clears input and tracking generator overload conditions.

3 Menu keys are the unlabeled keys next to the screen.

The menu key labels are the annotation on the screen next to the unlabeled keys. Most of the labeled keys on the analyzer front panel (also called front-panel keys) access menus of keys having related functions.

Chapter 2 2-3

Getting Started

Front-Panel Features

4 FREQUENCY Channel, SPAN X Scale, and AMPLITUDE Y

Scale are the three large keys that activate the primary

analyzer functions and access menus of related functions.Thesecondary labels on these keys (Channel, X Scale, and Y Scale) are used in some measurements

5 CONTROL functions access menus that allow you to

adjust the resolutionbandwidth,adjustthesweep time, and control the instrument display. They also set other analyzer parameters needed for making measurements.

6 MEASURE accesses a menu of keys that automate some

common analyzer measurements. Once a measurement is running, for deﬁning your measurement.

Restart access additional measurement control

Meas Setup accesses additional menu keys

Meas Control and

functions.

7 SYSTEM functions affect the state of the entire

spectrum analyzer. Various setup and alignment routines are accessed

with the The green

System key.

Preset key resets the analyzer to a known

state. The File key menu allows you to save and load traces,

states, limit-line tables, and amplitude correction factors to or from analyzer memory or the ﬂoppy disk drive. The

Save key immediately executes the Save Now

function deﬁned under File in Chapter 6 , “Front-Panel

Key Reference.”

The Print Setup menu keys allow you to conﬁgure hardcopy outputs. The

Print key immediately sends

hardcopy data to the printer. See Chapter 6 for more details.

8 MARKER functions control the markers, read out

frequencies and amplitudes along the analyzer trace, automatically locate the signals of highest amplitude, and access functions like

9 The Media Door on the right side of the front panel

Marker Noise and Band Power.

accesses the 3.5 inch disk drive and the Earphone connector. The earphone connector provides a connection for an earphone jack which bypasses the internal speaker.

2-4 Chapter2

Getting Started

Front-Panel Features

10 The Data Control Keys, which include the step keys,

knob, and numeric keypad, allow you to change the numeric value of an active function.

Data control keys are used to change values for functions such as center frequency, start frequency, resolution bandwidth, and marker position.

The data controls will change the active function in a manner prescribed by that function. For example, you can change center frequency in ﬁne steps with the knob, in discrete steps with the step keys, or to an exact (1 Hz resolution) value with the numeric keypad.

The Knob provides ﬁne incremental changes of functions such as center frequency, reference level, and marker position. Clockwise rotation of the knob increases values. The extent of alteration is determined by the size of the measurement range. The speed at which the knob is turned affects the rate at which the values are changed.

For slow sweeps, the analyzer uses a smooth panning feature which is designed to move the trace display to the latest function value as the knob is turned. When center, stop or, start frequency or reference level is adjusted, the signal will shift right or left or up or down with the rotation of the knob before a new sweep is actually taken. An asterisk is placed in the message block (the upper right-hand corner of the analyzer display) to indicate that the data on the screen does not reﬂect data at the current setting.

The Numeric Keypad allows entry of exact values for many of the analyzer functions. You may include a decimal point in the number portion. If not, the decimal point is placed at the end of the number.

Numeric entries must be terminated with a units key. When a numeric entry is begun, the menu keys show the units key labels. The units keys change depending on what the active function is. For example, the units keys for frequency span are whereas the units for reference level are

mV, and µV.

GHz, MHz, kHz, and Hz,

+dBm, −dBm,

NOTE If an entry from the numeric keypad does not coincide with an allowed

function value (for example, that of a 12 MHz bandwidth), the analyzer defaults to the nearest allowable value.

Chapter 2 2-5

Getting Started

Front-Panel Features

The Step Keys (⇓ ⇑) increase or decrease the active function value. The step size depends upon the current analyzer measurement. Each press results in a single step change. For those parameters with ﬁxed values (resolution bandwidth), the next value in a sequence is selected each time a step key is pressed. Changes are predictable (10% of span for center frequency) and can be set for some functions (100 MHz for center frequency). Out-of-range values or out-of-sequence values will not occur using these keys.

11 VOLUME. The VOLUME knob adjusts the volume of the

internal speaker. The speaker is turned on and off with the

Speaker On Off key in the Det/Demod menu.

12 EXT KEYBOARD. The EXT KEYBOARD connector is a

6-pin mini-DIN connector. The keyboard can be used to enter screen titles and ﬁlenames.

NOTE Toavoid damage to the analyzer, always turn off power before plugging

a keyboard into the instrument.

13 PROBE POWER provides power for high-impedance AC

probes or other accessories. (+15 V, −12.6V, 150mA max)

14 LO OUTPUT provides the proper local oscillator signal

for use with external mixers (Option AYZ).

15 IF INPUT The IF INPUT connects to the IF OUTPUT of

the external mixer (Option AYZ).

16 Return. The Return key accesses the previously selected

menu. Continuing to press

Return accesses earlier

menus.

17 AMPTD REF OUT provides an amplitude reference signal

of 50 MHz at –20 dBm. Agilent Technologies E4402B, E4403B, E4404B, E4405B, E4407B, and E4408B only.

18 Tab Keys are used to move around in the Limit editor

and the Correction editor.

19 INPUT 50Ω (INPUT 75Ω for Option 1DP) is the signal

input for the analyzer.

CAUTION When operating in DC mode (<100 kHz) on spectrum analyzers with

Option UKB, take care to protect the input mixer by limiting the input level to 0 VDC, +30 dBm.

2-6 Chapter2

Getting Started

Front-Panel Features

20 The Next Window key can be used to select the active

window in functions which support split-screen display modes, such as Zone markers. (Refer to “Zone” in

Chapter 6 for more information.) In such modes,

pressing

Zoom allows you to switch between the

split-screen and full-sized display of the active window.

21 Help. Press the Help key and then any front panel or

menu key to get a short description of the key function and the associated SCPI command. The next key you press will remove the help window from the display.

22 RF OUT 50Ω (for Option 1DN) or RF OUT 75Ω

(for Option 1DQ) is the source output for the built-in tracking generator. Option 1DN or 1DQ only

CAUTION If the tracking generator output power is too high, it may damage the

device under test. Do not exceed the maximum power that the device under test can tolerate.

23 The | (On) key turns the analyzer on, while the

(Standby) key turns most of the analyzer off. An

instrument alignment is performed (if

Auto Align is on)

every time the analyzer is turned on. After turning on the analyzer, allow 5 minutes of warmup time to ensure the analyzer will meet all speciﬁcations.

NOTE The instrument continues to draw power even if the line power switch

is in standby. The detachable power cord is the instrument disconnecting device. It disconnects the mains circuits from the mains supply before other parts of the instrument. The front-panel switch is only a standby switch and is not a LINE switch (disconnecting device).

Chapter 2 2-7

Getting Started

Rear-Panel Features

Figure 2-2 Rear-Panel Feature Overview

1 Power input is the input for the AC line power source.

Make sure that the line-power source outlet has a protective ground contact.

2 DC Power is the input for the DC power source. Refer to

the “Power Requirements” section in the speciﬁcations chapter of the Agilent ESA Spectrum Analyzers Calibration Guide.

CAUTION AC line power and DC power should not be plugged in simultaneously.

3 Line Fuse. The fuse is removed by twisting

counterclockwise 1/4 turn. Replace only with a fuse of the same rating. See the label on the rear panel.

2-8 Chapter2

Getting Started

Rear-Panel Features

4 Service Connector. The service connector is for

service use only.

5 Inputs/Outputs (Refer to Agilent Technologies ESA

Spectrum Analyzer Speciﬁcations Guide for more

information.)

5a VGA OUTPUT drives an external VGA

compatible monitor with a signal that has 31.5 kHz horizontal, 60 Hz vertical synchronizing rate, non-interlaced.

5b GATE/HI SWP OUT (TTL) is high when

the analyzer is sweeping or when

Gate

(Option 1D6) is active.

5c GATE TRIG/EXT TRIG IN (TTL) accepts the

positive edge of an external voltage input that triggers the analyzer internal sweep source or the gate function (Time Gate, Option 1D6).

Table2-1 and Table 2-2 show the appropriate rear panel slots to be used

for the optional cards available with the Agilent ESA spectrum analyzers. Refer to Table 2-1 if you have an Agilent ESA-L Series spectrum analyzer. Refer to Table 2-2 if you have an Agilent ESA-E Series spectrum analyzer.

(P) = Preferred Card Slot (A) = Acceptable Card Slot (–) = Unacceptable Card Slot

Table 2-1 Agilent ESA-L Series (E4403B, E4408B, E4411B)

Slot # GPIB

(Opt A4H)

1P P – – 2A A – – 5– – P – 6– – – P

1. The Frequency Extension Assembly comes standard with the Agilent E4408B.

Serial (Opt 1AX)

IF and Sweep Ports (Opt A4J)

Frequency Extension

Chapter 2 2-9

Getting Started

Rear-Panel Features

Table 2-2 Agilent ESA-E Series(E4401B, E4402B, E4404B,

E4405B, E4407B)

Slot # GPIB

1 2AAAAA A–– 3AAP A A A –– 4AAAAP A P– 5––– P A A –P 6––– A A P ––

and Parallel

(Opt A4H)

PP– A – – ––

Serial

and Parallel

(Opt 1AX)

FADC (Opt AYX)

IF and Sweep Ports (Opt A4J)

FM Demod (Opt BAA)

Frequency Exten-

sion

DSP and Fast ADC (B7D)

RF Comm Hardware (B7E)

1. The Frequency Extension Assembly comes standard with the Agilent E4404B, E4405B and E4407B.

2. Some cards may not be installed due to mechanical interference.

6 GPIB and parallel (Option A4H) is an optional

interface. GPIB supports remote instrument operation. A parallel port is included for printing only.

7 RS-232 and parallel (Option 1AX) is an optional

interface. RS-232 supports remote instrument operation. A parallel port is included for printing only.

NOTE Printing is only supported from the parallel port.

NOTE Only one optional interface (Option A4H or Option 1AX) can be

installed at a time.

8 IF, Video, and Sweep Ports (Option A4J or Option

AYX): (Refer to Agilent Technologies ESA Spectrum Analyzer Speciﬁcations Guide for more information.)

NOTE Only one IF and Sweep Port (Option A4J or Option AYX) can be

installed at a time.

SWP OUT provides a voltage ramp corresponding to the

sweep of the analyzer (0 V to 10 V).

HI SWP IN (TTL) can be grounded to stop and reset the

sweep.

HI SWP OUT (TTL) is high when the analyzer is

sweeping.

2-10 Chapter2

Getting Started

Rear-Panel Features

AUX VIDEO OUT provides detected video output (before

the analog-to-digital conversion) proportional to vertical deﬂection of the trace. Output is from 0 V to 1 V. Amplitude-correction factors are not applied to this signal.

The output signal is blanked during retrace.

AUX IF OUT is a 50 Ω, 21.4 MHz IF output that is the

down-converted signal of the RF input of the analyzer. Amplitude-correction factors are not applied to this signal. This output is taken after the resolution bandwidth ﬁlters and step gains and before the log ampliﬁer. The output signal is blanked during retrace.

9 FM Demod (Option BAA) allows you to demodulate,

display, and measure deviation on FM signals. You can listen to audio signals on a built-in speaker or with an earphone. Refer to “Det/Demod” in Chapter 6 and “FM

Demodulation (Option BAA)” in Chapter 7 for more

information about this option.

10 Frequency Extension Assembly controls the

microwave front-end components in the Agilent E4404B, E4405B, E4407B and E4408B.

PRESEL TUNE OUTPUT provides a signal to control

external preselected mixers (Option AYZ). Refer to

“Det/Demod” in Chapter 6 or “FM Demodulation (Option BAA)” in Chapter 7 for more information about

this option.

11 Card Slot Identiﬁcation Numbers. Refer to Table

2-1 and Table 2-2 for card slot versus option card

compatibility information.

12 10 MHz REF IN accepts an external frequency source to

provide the 10 MHz, −15 to +10 dBm as a timebase.

13 10 MHz REF OUT provides a 10 MHz, 0 dBm minimum,

timebase reference signal.

14 Power On Selection selects an instrument power

preference. The

PWR ALWAYS ON setting turns the

analyzer on whenever external power is applied. This mode is useful if an external power switch is used to control a rack of several instruments. The

PWR NORM

setting assigns analyzer on/off control to the front-panel On key (see Figure 2-1 on page 2-3, item

23); however, if the external power is removed for >20 seconds, the instrument returns to the Standby condition of the front-panel On key when external power is reconnected.

Chapter 2 2-11

+ 289 hidden pages

Keysight (Agilent) E4401B Users Guide

Specifications and Main Features

Frequently Asked Questions

User Manual

Warranty

1 Preparing for Use

Initial Inspection

Power Requirements

Checking the Fuse

AC Power Cable

Preparation

Turning On the Analyzer for the First Time

2 Getting Started

What You Will Find in This Chapter

Front-Panel Features

Rear-Panel Features