User’s Guide
Publication number E5382-97002
December 2005
A
For Safety information and Regulatory information, see the pages at the back of
this guide.
© Copyright Agilent Technologies 2002, 2005
All Rights Reserved.
E5382A Single-ended Flying Lead
Probe Set (for analyzers with 90-pin pod connectors)
In This Book
This guide provides user and service information for the E5382A Single-ended
Flying Lead Probe Set.
Chapter 1 gives you general information such as inspection, accessories
supplied, and characteristics of the probe.
Chapter 2 shows you how to operate the probe and gives you information about
some important aspects of probing and how to get the best results with your
probe.
2
Contents
1 General Information
To inspect the probe 7
Accessories 8
Characteristics and Specifications 9
General Characteristics 10
To connect and set up the probe set 11
2 Operating the Probe
130 ohm Resistive Signal Pin (orange) and Solder-down Ground Lead
16
Input Impedance 17
Time domain transmission (TDT) 18
Step inputs 21
Eye opening 24
5 cm Resistive Signal Lead and Solder-down Ground Lead 27
Input Impedance 28
Time domain transmission (TDT) 30
Step input 33
Eye opening 36
Flying Lead and Ground Extender 39
Input Impedance 40
Time domain transmission (TDT) 41
Step input 44
Eye opening 47
Grabber Clip and Right-angle Ground Lead 50
Input Impedance 51
Time domain transmission (TDT) 52
Step input 55
Eye opening 58
Connecting to coaxial connectors 61
Combining grounds 63
3
Contents
4
1
General Information
E5382A Single-ended Flying Lead Probe Set
The E5382A is a 17-channel single-ended flying lead probe set,
compatible with the Agilent 16753A, 16754A, 16755A, 16756A, 16760A,
and 16950A logic analysis modules. The E5382A enables you to acquire
signals from randomly located points in your target system.
Two E5382As are required to support all 34 channels on one 16760A.
Four E5382As are required to support all 68 channels of one 16753/54/
55/56A or 16950A.
A variety of accessories are supplied with the E5382A to allow you to
access signals on various types of components on your PC board.
Single-ended flying lead probe set and an Agilent 16760A logic analysis module.
6
General Information
To inspect the probe
To inspect the probe
❏ Inspect the shipping container for damage.
Keep a damaged shipping container or cushioning material until the contents of
the shipment have been checked for completeness and the instrument has been
checked mechanically and electrically.
❏ Check the accessories.
Accessories supplied with the instrument are listed in "Accessories Supplied" in
table later in this chapter.
• If the contents are incomplete or damaged notify your Agilent
Technologies Sales Office.
❏ Inspect the probe.
• If there is mechanical damage or defect, or if the probe does not
operate properly or pass performance tests, notify your Agilent
Technologies Sales Office.
• If the shipping container is damaged, or the cushioning materials show
signs of stress, notify the carrier as well as your Agilent Technologies
Sales Office. Keep the shipping materials for the carrier’s inspection.
The Agilent Technologies Office will arrange for repair or replacement
at Agilent Technologies’ option without waiting for claim settlement.
Probe case contents
7
General Information
Accessories
Accessories
The following figure shows the accessories supplied with the E5382A Singleended Flying Lead Probe Set.
Accessories supplied
The following table shows the part numbers for ordering replacement parts and
additional accessories.
Replaceable Parts and Additional Accessories
Description Qty Agilent Part Number
Probe Pin Kit 2 E5382-82102
High Frequency Probing Kit (4 resistive signal
pins & 4 solder-down grounds)
Ground Extender Kit 20 16517-82105
Grabber Clip Kit 20 16517-82109
Right-angle Ground Lead Kit 20 16517-82106
Cable - Main 1 E5382-61601
Probe Tip to BNC Adapter 1 E9638A
8 E5382-82101
8
Characteristics and Specifications
Characteristics and Specifications
The following characteristics are typical for the probe set.
Characteristics
General Information
Input Resistance
Input Capacitance
Maximum Recommended State
20 kΩ
1.3 pF (accessory-specific, see accessories)
1.5 Gb/s (accessory-specific, see accessories)
Data Rate
Minimum Data Voltage Swing
Minimum Diff. Clock Voltage
250 mV p-p
100 mV p-p each side
Swing
Input Dynamic Range
Threshold Accuracy
Threshold Range
Maximum Nondestructive Input
-3 Vdc to +5 Vdc
±(30 mV +2% of setting)
-3.0 V to +5.0 V
±40 Vdc, CAT 1 (mains isolated)
Voltage
Maximum Input Slew Rate
Clock Input
Number of Inputs
(1)
refer to specifications on specific modes of operation for details on how inputs can be used
(2)
if using the clock as single-ended, the unused clock input must be grounded
and the minimum voltage swing for single-ended clock operation is 250mV p-p
(1)
5 V/ns
differential
17 (1 clock and 16 data)
(2)
9
General Information
General Characteristics
General Characteristics
The following general characteristics apply to the probe set.
Environmental Conditions
Temperature
Humidity
Weight
Dimensions
Pollution degree 2
Indoor use
Operating Non-operating
0 °C to +55 °C −40 °C to +70 °C
up to 95% relative humidity
(non-condensing) at +40 °C
approximately 0.69 kg
Refer to the figure below.
Normally only non-conductive pollution occurs. Occasionally, however, a
temporary conductivity caused by condensation must be expected.
up to 90% relative humidity at +65 °C
E5382A Single-ended Flying Lead Probe Set Dimensions
10
General Information
To connect and set up the probe set
To connect and set up the probe set
1 Connect the single-ended probe to the logic analysis module.
Two E5382As are required to support all 34 channels on one 16760A. Four
E5382As are required to support all 68 channels of one 16753/54/55/56A or
16950A.
Probe set connected to the analysis module
2 Set the clock input.
a If you are using a differential clock, select the Clock Thresh button in the
analyzer setup screen of the logic analyzer.
Differential threshold
11
General Information
To connect and set up the probe set
b If your clock is not differential, ground the unused clock input and set the
threshold to the desired level.
User defined threshold
3 Connect the flying leads to your target system.
The next section in this manual shows the recommended probe
configurations in the order of best performance. Select the configuration that
works with your target system.
12
2
Operating the Probe
Introduction
The Agilent E5382A single-ended flying lead probe set comes with
accessories that trade off flexibility, ease of use, and performance.
Discussion and comparisons between four of the most common intended
uses of the accessories are included in this section. The table on this
page is an overview of the trade-offs between the various accessories.
Each of the four configurations have been characterized for probe
loading effects, probe step response, and maximum usable state speed.
For more detailed information, refer to the pages indicated for each
configuration.
When simulating circuits that include a load model for the probe, a
simplified model of the probe's input impedance can usually be used.
The following table contains information for the simplified model of the
probe using suggested accessory configurations. For more accurate load
models and detailed discussion of each configuration's performance,
refer to the pages indicated.
14
Suggested Configurations and Characteristics
Operating the Probe
Configuration
Description
130 Ω Resistive
Signal Pin (orange) and
Solder-down Ground Lead
5 cm Resistive
Signal Lead and Solder-down
Ground Lead
Flying Lead and Ground
Extender
Total
lumped
input C
1.3 pF
1.6 pF
1.4 pF
Maximum
recommended
state speed
1.5 Gb/s
1.5 Gb/s
1.5 Gb/s
Details
on page
page 16
page 27
page 39
Grabber Clip and Right-angle
Ground Lead
2.0 pF
600 Mb/s
page 50
15
Operating the Probe
130 ohm Resistive Signal Pin (orange) and Solder-down Ground Lead
130 ohm Resistive Signal Pin (orange) and Solder-down
Ground Lead
This configuration is recommended for hand-held probing of individual test
points. Use the resistive signal pin for the signal. For the ground, the preferred
method is to use the solder-down ground lead. Alternatively, for ground you could
use the right-angle ground lead and a grabber clip as shown on
Flying Lead
page 50.
130 W
Resistive
Signal Pin
(orange)
Hand-held probing configuration
The 130 Ω resistive signal pin and solder-down ground leads are identical to the
accessories for the Agilent 1156A/57A/58A series oscilloscope probes. They
provide similar loading effects and characteristics. The accessories for the
1156A/57A/58A probes are compatible with the E5382A probes allowing you to
interchange scope and logic analyzer leads.
Solder-down
Ground Lead
16
Operating the Probe
130 ohm Resistive Signal Pin (orange) and Solder-down Ground Lead
Input Impedance
The E5382A probes have an input impedance which varies with frequency, and
depends on which accessories are being used. The following schematic shows
the circuit model for the input impedance of the probe when using the 130 Ω
resistive signal pin (orange) and the solder-down ground wire. This model is a
simplified equivalent load of the measured input impedance seen by the target.
Equivalent load model
4
10
2
1
8
6
4
2
l
e
d
1
o
M
8
d
e
6
r
u
s
a
e
4
M
2
1
8
6
4
2
10
1
68
10
12
4
4
68
12
Measured versus modeled input impedance
4681
Frequency
2468
12
468
12
46
10
9
17
Operating the Probe
130 ohm Resistive Signal Pin (orange) and Solder-down Ground Lead
Time domain transmission (TDT)
All probes have a loading effect on the circuit when they come in contact with
the circuit. Time domain transmission (TDT) measurements are useful for
understanding the probe loading effects as seen at the target receiver. The
following TDT measurements were made mid-bus on a 50 Ω transmission line
load terminated at the receiver. These measurements show how the 130 Ω
resistive signal pin (orange) and solder-down ground lead configuration affect
the step seen by the receiver for various rise times.
Logic
Analyze r
w/ EyeScan
E
5
3
P
8
r
2
o
A
b
e
Driver Receiver
Rsource
50 Ω
TDR
output
Z0=5 0 Ω
Z0=5 0 Ω
TDT
input
TDT measurement schematic
As the following graphs demonstrate, the 130 Ω resistive signal pin and solder-
down ground lead configuration is the least intrusive of the four recommended
configurations. The graphs show that the loading effects are virtually invisible
for targets with rise times ≥ 500 ps, negligible for targets with 250 ps rise times,
and usable for 100 ps rise times. Ultimately, you must determine what is an
acceptable amount of distortion of the target signal.
Rterm
50 Ω
18
Operating the Probe
130 ohm Resistive Signal Pin (orange) and Solder-down Ground Lead
without probe
with probe
50 mV per division
500 ps per division
TDT measurement at receiver with and without probe load for 100 ps rise time
without probe
with probe
50 mV per division
500 ps per division
TDT measurement at receiver with and without probe load for 250 ps rise time
19
Operating the Probe
130 ohm Resistive Signal Pin (orange) and Solder-down Ground Lead
without probe
with probe
50 mV per division
500 ps per division
TDT measurement at receiver with and without probe load for 500 ps rise time
without probe
with probe
50 mV per division
500 ps per division
TDT measurement at receiver with and without probe load for 1 ns rise time
20
Operating the Probe
130 ohm Resistive Signal Pin (orange) and Solder-down Ground Lead
Step inputs
Maintaining signal fidelity to the logic analyzer is critical if the analyzer is to
accurately capture data. One measure of a system's signal fidelity is to compare
Vin to V
the logic analyzer probe tip measured by double probing with an Agilent 54701A
for various step inputs. For the following graphs, Vin is the signal at
out
probe into an Agilent 54750A oscilloscope (total 2.5 GHz BW). Eye Scan is used
to measure V
made on a mid-bus connection to a 50 Ω transmission line load
, the signal seen by the logic analyzer. The measurements were
out
terminated at the
receiver. These measurements show the logic analyzer's response while using
the 130 Ω resistive signal pin (orange) and solder-down ground lead
configuration.
Logic
Analyze r
w/ EyeScan
E5382A
Probe
Driver Receiver
Rsource
50 Ω
Step
output
Z0=5 0 Ω
54701A
Probe
Z0=5 0 Ω
Step input measurement schematic
The following graphs demonstrate the logic analyzer's probe response to
different rise times. These graphs are included for you to gain insight into the
expected performance of the different recommended configurations.
Oscillosco pe
2.5GHz BW
incl. probe
Rterm
50 Ω
21
Operating the Probe
130 ohm Resistive Signal Pin (orange) and Solder-down Ground Lead
Logic analyzer's response to a 100 ps rise time
Logic analyzer's response to a 250 ps rise time
Note: These measurements are not the true step response of the probes. The true step response
of a probe is the output of the probe while the input is a perfect step.
22
130 ohm Resistive Signal Pin (orange) and Solder-down Ground Lead
Logic analyzer's response to a 500 ps rise time
Operating the Probe
Logic analyzer's response to a 1 ns rise time
Note: These measurements are not the true step response of the probes. The true step response
of a probe is the output of the probe while the input is a perfect step.
23
Operating the Probe
130 ohm Resistive Signal Pin (orange) and Solder-down Ground Lead
Eye opening
The eye opening at the logic analyzer is the truest measure of an analyzer's ability
to accurately capture data. Seeing the eye opening at the logic analyzer is
possible with Eye Scan. Eye opening helps you know how much margin the logic
analyzer has, where to sample and at what threshold. Any probe response that
exhibits overshoot and ringing, probe non-flatness, noise and other issues all
deteriorate the eye opening seen by the logic analyzer. The following eye
diagrams were measured using Eye Scan probed mid-bus on a 50 Ω transmission
line load terminated at the receiver. The data patterns were generated using a
23
2
−1 pseudo random bit sequence (PRBS). These measurements show the
remaining eye opening at the logic analyzer while using the 130 Ω resistive signal
pin (orange) and solder-down ground lead configuration.
Logic
Analyze r
w/ EyeScan
E5382A
Probe
Driver Receiver
Rsource
50 Ω
Eye opening measurement schematic
PRBS
output
Z0=5 0 Ω
Z0=5 0 Ω
The logic analyzer Eye Scan measurement uses the same circuitry as the
synchronous state mode analysis. Therefore, the eye openings measured are
exact representations of what the logic analyzer sees and operates on in state
mode. The following measurements demonstrate how the eye opening starts to
collapse as the clock rate is increased. At 1500 Mb/s, the eye opening is noticeably
deteriorating as jitter on the transitions increase and voltage margins decrease.
As demonstrated by the last eye diagram, the 130 Ω resistive signal pin and
solder-down ground lead configuration still has a usable eye opening at 1250
Mb/s and minimum signal swing.
24
Rterm
50 Ω
Operating the Probe
130 ohm Resistive Signal Pin (orange) and Solder-down Ground Lead
250 mV per division
500 ps per division
Logic analyzer eye opening for a PRBS signal of 1 V p-p, 1000 Mb/s data rate
250 mV per division
500 ps per division
Logic analyzer eye opening for a PRBS signal of 1 V p-p, 1250 Mb/s data rate
25
Operating the Probe
130 ohm Resistive Signal Pin (orange) and Solder-down Ground Lead
250 mV per division
500 ps per division
Logic analyzer eye opening for a PRBS signal of 1 V p-p, 1500 Mb/s data rate
250 mV per division
500 ps per division
Logic analyzer eye opening for a PRBS signal of 250 mV, 1250 Mb/s data rate
26
Operating the Probe
5 cm Resistive Signal Lead and Solder-down Ground Lead
5 cm Resistive Signal Lead and Solder-down Ground Lead
This configuration is recommended for accessing components such as IC leads
or surface-mount component leads for hands-off probing.
Flying Lead
5 cm Resistive
Signal Pin
Solder-down
Ground Lead
Surface-mount probe configuration
CAUTION: The resistor bends easily. A bent resistor could affect the
performance of the 5 cm resistive signal lead.
The 5cm resistive signal lead and the solder-down ground leads are identical to
the accessories for the Agilent 1156A/57A/58A oscilloscope probes. They provide
similar loading effects and characteristics. The accessories for the 1156A/57A/
58A oscilloscope probes are compatible with the E5382A probes, allowing you
to interchange scope and logic analyzer leads.
27
Operating the Probe
5 cm Resistive Signal Lead and Solder-down Ground Lead
Input Impedance
The E5382A probes have an input impedance which varies with frequency, and
depends on which accessories are being used. The following schematic shows
the circuit model for the input impedance of the probe when using the SMT
solder-down Signal (red) and Ground (black) wires. This model is a simplified
equivalent load of the measured input impedance seen by the target.
Equivalent load model
4
10
2
1
8
6
4
2
l
e
d
1
o
M
8
d
e
6
r
u
s
a
e
4
M
2
1
8
6
4
2
10
1
6
8
12
4
10
4
68
12
4681
Frequency
Measured versus modeled input impedance
28
2468
12
468
12
46
10
9
Operating the Probe
5 cm Resistive Signal Lead and Solder-down Ground Lead
Other signal lead lengths may be used with these probes but a resistance value
needs to be determined from the following figure and a resistor of that value
needs to be placed as close as possible to the point being probed.
Optimum Damping Resistor Value Versus Signal Lead Length
Resistance (Ω)
Length (cm)
If a resistor is not used, the response of the probe will be very peaked at high
frequencies. This will cause overshoot and ringing to be introduced in the step
response of waveforms with fast rise times. Use of this probe without a resistor
at the point being probed should be limited to measuring only waveforms with
slower rise times.
29
Operating the Probe
5 cm Resistive Signal Lead and Solder-down Ground Lead
Time domain transmission (TDT)
All probes have a loading effect on the circuit when they come in contact with
the circuit. Time domain transmission (TDT) measurements are useful for
understanding the probe loading effects as seen at the target receiver. The
following TDT measurements were made mid-bus on a 50 Ω transmission line
load terminated at the receiver. These measurements show how the 5 cm
resistive signal lead and solder-down ground lead configuration affect the step
seen by the receiver for various rise times.
Logic
Analyze r
w/ EyeScan
E
5
3
P
8
r
2
o
A
b
e
Driver Receiver
Rsource
50 Ω
TDR
output
Z0=5 0 Ω
Z0=5 0 Ω
TDT
input
TDT measurement schematic
The recommended configurations are listed in order of loading on the target. As
the following graphs demonstrate, the 5 cm resistive signal lead and solder-down
ground lead configuration has the 2nd best loading of the four recommended
configurations. The graphs show that the loading effects are virtually invisible
for targets with rise times ≥ 500 ps, negligible for targets with 250 ps rise times,
and probably still acceptable for 100 ps rise times. Ultimately, you must
determine what is an acceptable amount of distortion of the target signal.
Rterm
50 Ω
30
5 cm Resistive Signal Lead and Solder-down Ground Lead
without probe
with probe
50 mV per division
500 ps per division
TDT measurement at receiver with and without probe load for 100 ps rise time
Operating the Probe
without probe
with probe
50 mV per division
500 ps per division
TDT measurement at receiver with and without probe load for 250 ps rise time
31
Operating the Probe
5 cm Resistive Signal Lead and Solder-down Ground Lead
without probe
with probe
50 mV per division
500 ps per division
TDT measurement at receiver with and without probe load for 500 ps rise time
without probe
with probe
50 mV per division
500 ps per division
TDT measurement at receiver with and without probe load for 1 ns rise time
32
Operating the Probe
5 cm Resistive Signal Lead and Solder-down Ground Lead
Step input
Maintaining signal fidelity to the logic analyzer is critical if the analyzer is to
accurately capture data. One measure of a system's signal fidelity is to compare
Vin to V
the logic analyzer probe tip measured by double probing with an Agilent 54701A
for various step inputs. For the following graphs, Vin is the signal at
out
probe into an Agilent 54750A oscilloscope (total 2.5 GHz BW). Eye Scan is used
to measure V
made on a mid-bus connection to a 50 Ω transmission line load terminated at the
, the signal seen by the logic analyzer. The measurements were
out
receiver. These measurements show the logic analyzer's response while using
the 5 cm resistive signal lead and solder-down ground lead configuration.
Logic
Analyze r
w/ EyeScan
E5382A
Probe
Driver Receiver
Rsource
50 Ω
Step
output
Z0=5 0 Ω
54701A
Probe
Z0=5 0 Ω
Step input measurement schematic
The following graphs demonstrate the logic analyzer's probe response to
different rise times. These graphs are included for you to gain insight into the
expected performance of the different recommended configurations.
Oscillosco pe
2.5GHz BW
incl. probe
Rterm
50 Ω
33
Operating the Probe
5 cm Resistive Signal Lead and Solder-down Ground Lead
Logic analyzer's response to a 100 ps rise time
Logic analyzer's response to a 250 ps rise time
Note: These measurements are not the true step response of the probes. The true step response
of a probe is the output of the probe while the input is a perfect step.
34
5 cm Resistive Signal Lead and Solder-down Ground Lead
Logic analyzer's response to a 500 ps rise time
Operating the Probe
Logic analyzer's response to a 1 ns rise time
Note: These measurements are not the true step response of the probes. The true step response
of a probe is the output of the probe while the input is a perfect step.
35
Operating the Probe
5 cm Resistive Signal Lead and Solder-down Ground Lead
Eye opening
The eye opening at the logic analyzer is the truest measure of an analyzer's ability
to accurately capture data. Seeing the eye opening at the logic analyzer is
possible with Eye Scan. Eye opening helps you know how much margin the logic
analyzer has, where to sample and at what threshold. Any probe response that
exhibits overshoot and ringing, probe non-flatness, noise and other issues all
deteriorate the eye opening seen by the logic analyzer. The following eye
diagrams were measured using Eye Scan probed mid-bus on a 50 Ω transmission
line load terminated at the receiver. The data patterns were generated using a
23
2
−1 pseudo random bit sequence (PRBS). These measurements show the
remaining eye opening at the logic analyzer while using the 5cm resistive signal
lead and solder-down ground lead configuration.
Logic
Analyze r
w/ EyeScan
E5382A
Probe
Driver Receiver
Rsource
50 Ω
Eye opening measurement schematic
PRBS
output
Z0=5 0 Ω
Z0=5 0 Ω
The logic analyzer Eye Scan measurement uses the same circuitry as the
synchronous state mode analysis. Therefore, the eye openings measured are
exact representations of what the logic analyzer sees and operates on in state
mode. The following measurements demonstrate how the eye opening starts to
collapse as the clock rate is increased. At 1500 Mb/s, the eye opening is noticeably
deteriorating as jitter on the transitions increase and voltage margins decrease.
The bandwidth limiting of the 5 cm resistive signal lead causes more roll-off on
the transitions. As demonstrated by the last eye diagram, the 5 cm resistive signal
lead and solder-down ground lead configuration still has a usable eye opening at
1250Mb/s and minimum signal swing.
36
Rterm
50 Ω
Operating the Probe
5 cm Resistive Signal Lead and Solder-down Ground Lead
250 mV per division
500 ps per division
Logic analyzer eye opening for a PRBS signal of 1 V p-p, 100 Mb/s data rate
250 mV per division
500 ps per division
Logic analyzer eye opening for a PRBS signal of 1 V p-p, 1250 Mb/s data rate
37
Operating the Probe
5 cm Resistive Signal Lead and Solder-down Ground Lead
250 mV per division
500 ps per division
Logic analyzer eye opening for a PRBS signal of 1 V p-p, 1500 Mb/s data rate
250 mV per division
500 ps per division
Logic analyzer eye opening for a PRBS signal of 250 mV p-p, 1250 Mb/s data rate
38
Operating the Probe
Flying Lead and Ground Extender
Flying Lead and Ground Extender
This configuration is recommended when you can provide 0.635 mm (0.025 in.)
square or round pins on 2.54 mm (0.1 in.) centers as test points where you wish
to connect the probe. Alternately, you may substitute soldered-down wires of
similar length (up to 1 cm in length) and expect to achieve similar results.
Flying Lead
Ground
Extender
Pin probing configuration
All of the measurements for the flying lead and ground extender configuration
were made with standard surface-mount pins on 0.1-inch centers soldered to the
test fixture. The input impedance, TDT response, step response, and eye opening
measurements all include the combined load of the probe configuration and the
surface-mount pins on the target.
39
Operating the Probe
Flying Lead and Ground Extender
Input Impedance
The E5382A probes have an input impedance which varies with frequency, and
depends on which accessories are being used. The following schematic shows
the circuit model for the input impedance of the probe when using the ground
extender clip. This model is a simplified equivalent load of the measured input
impedance seen by the target.
Equivalent load model
4
10
2
1
8
6
4
2
l
e
d
1
o
M
8
d
e
6
r
u
s
a
e
4
M
2
1
8
6
4
2
10
1
6
8
12
4
10
4
68
12
Measured versus modeled input impedance
40
4
68
1
Frequency
2468
12
468
12
46
10
9
Operating the Probe
Flying Lead and Ground Extender
Time domain transmission (TDT)
All probes have a loading effect on the circuit when they come in contact with
the circuit. Time domain transmission (TDT) measurements are useful for
understanding the probe loading effects as seen at the target receiver. The
following TDT measurements were made mid-bus on a 50 Ω transmission line
load terminated at the receiver. These measurements show how the flying lead
and ground extender configuration affect the step seen by the receiver for
various rise times.
Logic
Analyze r
w/ EyeScan
E
5
3
P
8
r
2
o
A
b
e
Driver Receiver
Rsource
50 Ω
TDR
output
Z0=5 0 Ω
Z0=5 0 Ω
TDT
input
TDT measurement schematic
The recommended configurations are listed in order of loading on the target. As
the following graphs demonstrate, the flying lead and ground extender
configuration has the 3rd best loading of the four recommended configurations.
However, because most of the capacitance of this configuration is undamped,
the loading is more noticeable than the previous two configurations. The graphs
show that the loading effects are negligible for targets with rise times ≥ 500 ps,
probably still acceptable for targets with 250 ps rise times, and may be considered
significant for 100 ps rise times. Ultimately, you must determine what is an
acceptable amount of distortion of the target signal.
Rterm
50 Ω
41
Operating the Probe
Flying Lead and Ground Extender
without probe
with probe
50 mV per division
500 ps per division
TDT measurement at receiver with and without probe load for 100 ps rise time
without probe
with probe
50 mV per division
500 ps per division
TDT measurement at receiver with and without probe load for 250 ps rise time
42
Operating the Probe
Flying Lead and Ground Extender
without probe
with probe
50 mV per division
500 ps per division
TDT measurement at receiver with and without probe load for 500 ps rise time
without probe
with probe
50 mV per division
500 ps per division
TDT measurement at receiver with and without probe load for 1 ns rise time
43
Operating the Probe
Flying Lead and Ground Extender
Step input
Maintaining signal fidelity to the logic analyzer is critical if the analyzer is to
accurately capture data. One measure of a system's signal fidelity is to compare
Vin to V
the logic analyzer probe tip measured by double probing with an Agilent 54701A
for various step inputs. For the following graphs, Vin is the signal at
out
probe into an Agilent 54750A oscilloscope (total 2.5 GHz BW). Eye Scan is used
to measure V
made on a mid-bus connection to a 50 Ω transmission line load
, the signal seen by the logic analyzer. The measurements were
out
terminated at the
receiver. These measurements show the logic analyzer's response while using
the flying lead and ground extender configuration.
Logic
Analyze r
w/ EyeScan
E5382A
Probe
Driver Receiver
Rsource
50 Ω
Step
output
Z0=5 0 Ω
54701A
Probe
Z0=5 0 Ω
Step measurement schematic
The following graphs demonstrate the logic analyzer's probe response to
different rise times. These graphs are included for you to gain insight into the
expected performance of the different recommended accessory configurations.
Oscillosco pe
2.5GHz BW
incl. probe
Rterm
50 Ω
44
Logic analyzer's response to a 100 ps rise time
Operating the Probe
Flying Lead and Ground Extender
Logic analyzer's response to a 250 ps rise time
Note: These measurements are not the true step response of the probes. The true step response
of a probe is the output of the probe while the input is a perfect step.
45
Operating the Probe
Flying Lead and Ground Extender
Logic analyzer's response to a 500 ps rise time
Logic analyzer's response to a 1 ns rise time
Note: These measurements are not the true step response of the probes. The true step response
of a probe is the output of the probe while the input is a perfect step.
46
Operating the Probe
Flying Lead and Ground Extender
Eye opening
The eye opening at the logic analyzer is the truest measure of an analyzer's ability
to accurately capture data. Seeing the eye opening at the logic analyzer is
possible with Eye Scan. Eye opening helps you know how much margin the logic
analyzer has, where to sample and at what threshold. Any probe response that
exhibits overshoot and ringing, probe non-flatness, noise and other issues all
deteriorate the eye opening seen by the logic analyzer. The following eye
diagrams were measured using Eye Scan probed mid-bus on a 50 Ω transmission
line load terminated at the receiver. The data patterns were generated using a
23
2
−1 pseudo random bit sequence (PRBS). These measurements show the
remaining eye opening at the logic analyzer while using the flying lead and ground
extender configuration.
Logic
Analyze r
w/ EyeScan
E5382A
Probe
Driver Receiver
Rsource
50 Ω
Eye opening measurement schematic
PRBS
output
Z0=5 0 Ω
Z0=5 0 Ω
The logic analyzer Eye Scan measurement uses the same circuitry as the
synchronous state mode analysis. Therefore, the eye openings measured are
exact representations of what the logic analyzer sees and operates on in state
mode. The following measurements demonstrate how the eye opening starts to
collapse as the clock rate is increased. The peaking observed with this
configuration on the preceding step-response graphs helps to preserve the eye
opening out to 1.5 Gb/s. At 1500 Mb/s the eye opening is still as large as could
be hoped for. As demonstrated by the last eye diagram, the flying lead and ground
extender configuration still has no noticeable deterioration at 1500 Mb/s and
minimum signal swing.
Rterm
50 Ω
47
Operating the Probe
Flying Lead and Ground Extender
250 mV per division
500 ps per division
Logic analyzer eye opening for a PRBS signal of 1 V p-p, 1000 Mb/s data rate
250 mV per division
500 ps per division
Logic analyzer eye opening for a PRBS signal of 1 V p-p, 1250 Mb/s data rate
48
Operating the Probe
Flying Lead and Ground Extender
250 mV per division
500 ps per division
Logic analyzer eye opening for a PRBS signal of 1 V p-p, 1500 Mb/s data rate
250 mV per division
500 ps per division
Logic analyzer eye opening for a PRBS signal of 250 mV p-p, 1500 Mb/s data rate
49
Note
Operating the Probe
Grabber Clip and Right-angle Ground Lead
Grabber Clip and Right-angle Ground Lead
Using the grabber clip for the signal and the right-angle for the ground gives you
the greatest flexibility for attaching the probe to component leads, however as
you can see from the following information, the signal quality is compromised
the most severely by this configuration.
Flying Lead
Grabber Clip
Right-angle
Ground Lead
Grabber configuration
This configuration is provided as a convenient method of attaching to systems
with slower rise times. The response of the probe is severely over-peaked. The
load on the target is also the most severe of the 4 recommended configurations.
As will be demonstrated in the following sets of measurements, the grabber clip
and right angle ground lead configuration is only for systems with rise times
slower than 1ns or effective clock rates less than 600Mb/s.
It is critical to maintain good probing techniques on the clock signal. If the clock
being probed has <1 ns rise times, use an alternative configuration for probing.
50
Operating the Probe
Grabber Clip and Right-angle Ground Lead
Input Impedance
The E5382A probes have an input impedance which varies with frequency, and
depends on which accessories are being used. The following schematic shows
the circuit model for the input impedance of the probe when using the SMD IC
grabber and the right-angle ground lead. This model is a simplified equivalent
load of the measured input impedance seen by the target.
Equivalent load model
4
10
2
1
8
6
4
2
l
e
d
1
o
M
8
d
e
6
r
u
s
a
e
4
M
2
1
8
6
4
2
10
1
6
8
1246812
4
10
Measured versus modeled input impedance
4
68
1
Frequency
2468
12
468
12
46
10
9
51
Operating the Probe
Grabber Clip and Right-angle Ground Lead
Time domain transmission (TDT)
All probes have a loading effect on the circuit when they come in contact with
the circuit. Time domain transmission (TDT) measurements are useful for
understanding the probe loading effects as seen at the target receiver. The
following TDT measurements were made mid-bus on a 50 Ω transmission line
load terminated at the receiver. These measurements show how the grabber clip
and right-angle ground lead configuration affect the step seen by the receiver
for various rise times.
Logic
Analyze r
w/ EyeScan
E
5
3
P
8
r
2
o
A
b
e
Driver Receiver
Rsource
50 Ω
TDR
output
Z0=5 0 Ω
Z0=5 0 Ω
TDT
input
TDT measurement schematic
The recommended configurations are listed in order of loading on the target. As
the following graphs demonstrate, the grabber clip and right angle ground lead
configuration has the worst loading of the four recommended configurations.
The grabber clip is a fairly long length of undamped wire, which presents a much
more significant load on the target than the previous three configurations. The
graphs show that the loading effects are noticeable even for targets with 1ns rise
times. Ultimately, you must determine what is an acceptable amount of distortion
of the target signal.
Rterm
50 Ω
52
Operating the Probe
Grabber Clip and Right-angle Ground Lead
without probe
with probe
50 mV per division
500 ps per division
TDT measurement at receiver with and without probe load for 100 ps rise time
without probe
with probe
50 mV per division
500 ps per division
TDT measurement at receiver with and without probe load for 250 ps rise time
53
Operating the Probe
Grabber Clip and Right-angle Ground Lead
without probe
with probe
50 mV per division
500 ps per division
TDT measurement at receiver with and without probe load for 500 ps rise time
without probe
with probe
50 mV per division
500 ps per division
TDT measurement at receiver with and without probe load for 1 ns rise time
54
Operating the Probe
Grabber Clip and Right-angle Ground Lead
Step input
Maintaining signal fidelity to the logic analyzer is critical if the analyzer is to
accurately capture data. One measure of a system's signal fidelity is to compare
Vin to V
the logic analyzer probe tip measured by double probing with an Agilent 54701A
for various step inputs. For the following graphs, Vin is the signal at
out
probe into an Agilent 54750A oscilloscope (total 2.5 GHz BW). Eye Scan is used
to measure V
made on a mid-bus connection to a 50 Ω transmission line load terminated at the
, the signal seen by the logic analyzer. The measurements were
out
receiver. These measurements show the logic analyzer's response while using
the grabber clip and right-angle ground lead configuration.
Logic
Analyze r
w/ EyeScan
E5382A
Probe
Driver Receiver
Rsource
50 Ω
Step
output
Z0=5 0 Ω
54701A
Probe
Z0=5 0 Ω
Step measurement schematic
The following graphs demonstrate the logic analyzer's probe response to
different rise times. These graphs are included for you to gain insight into the
expected performance of the different recommended accessory configurations,
particularly for the grabber clip and right-angle ground lead configuration. As
the following graphs will demonstrate, the use of the undamped grabber clip
results in excessive overshoot and ringing at the logic analyzer for targets with
< 1 ns rise times.
Oscillosco pe
2.5GHz BW
incl. probe
Rterm
50 Ω
55
Operating the Probe
Grabber Clip and Right-angle Ground Lead
Logic analyzer's response to a 100 ps rise time
Logic analyzer's response to a 250 ps rise time
Note: These measurements are not the true step response of the probes. The true step response
of a probe is the output of the probe while the input is a perfect step.
56
Logic analyzer's response to a 500 ps rise time
Operating the Probe
Grabber Clip and Right-angle Ground Lead
Logic analyzer's response to a 1 ns rise time
Note: These measurements are not the true step response of the probes. The true step response
of a probe is the output of the probe while the input is a perfect step.
57
Operating the Probe
Grabber Clip and Right-angle Ground Lead
Eye opening
The eye opening at the logic analyzer is the truest measure of an analyzer's ability
to accurately capture data. Seeing the eye opening at the logic analyzer is
possible with Eye Scan. Eye opening helps you know how much margin the logic
analyzer has, where to sample and at what threshold. Any probe response that
exhibits overshoot and ringing, probe non-flatness, noise and other issues all
deteriorate the eye opening seen by the logic analyzer. The following eye
diagrams were measured using Eye Scan probed mid-bus on a 50 Ω transmission
line load terminated at the receiver. The data patterns were generated using a
23
2
−1 pseudo random bit sequence (PRBS). These measurements show the
remaining eye opening at the logic analyzer while using the grabber clip and rightangle ground lead configuration.
Logic
Analyze r
w/ EyeScan
E5382A
Probe
Driver Receiver
Rsource
50 Ω
Eye opening measurement schematic
PRBS
output
Z0=5 0 Ω
Z0=5 0 Ω
The logic analyzer Eye Scan measurement uses the same circuitry as the
synchronous state mode analysis. Therefore, the eye openings measured are
exact representations of what the logic analyzer sees and operates on in state
mode. The following measurements demonstrate how the eye opening starts to
collapse as the clock rate is increased. The severe overshoot and ringing observed
with this configuration on the preceding step-response graphs deteriorates the
eye opening for faster rise times. At 500 ps rise times the eye opening shows
excessive ring-back and collapsing of the eye. Therefore, it is recommended that
this configuration not be used for rise times faster than 1ns or clock rates in
excess of 600 Mb/s. The analyzer may still function at faster speeds, but will not
meet state speed and setup/hold specifications.
NOTE
It is critical to maintain good probing techniques on the clock signal. If the clock
being probed has < 1 ns rise times, use an alternative configuration for probing.
58
Rterm
50 Ω
Operating the Probe
Grabber Clip and Right-angle Ground Lead
250 mV per division
500 ps per division
Logic analyzer eye opening for a PRBS signal of 1 V p-p, 500 Mb/s data rate, 1 ns rise time
250 mV per division
500 ps per division
Logic analyzer eye opening for a PRBS signal of 1 V p-p, 500 Mb/s data rate, 500 ps rise time
59
Operating the Probe
Grabber Clip and Right-angle Ground Lead
250 mV per division
500 ps per division
Logic analyzer eye opening for a PRBS signal of 1 V p-p, 600 Mb/s data rate, 1 ns rise time
250 mV per division
500 ps per division
Logic analyzer eye opening for a PRBS signal of 250 mV, 600 Mb/s data rate, 1 ns rise time
60
Note
h
Operating the Probe
Connecting to coaxial connectors
Connecting to coaxial connectors
You can use the Agilent E9638A to adapt the probe tip to a BNC connector. The
adapter and the BNC connector itself will add significant capacitance to the
probe load. You can generally assume (though not always) that a BNC connector
is intended to form a part of a transmission line terminated in 50 Ω (the
characteristic impedance of BNC connectors is 50 Ω). So, the best solution for
maintaining signal integrity is to terminate the line in 50 Ω after the BNC
connector and a close as possible to the probe tip. That technique minimizes the
length of the unterminated stub past the termination. The following picture
shows the recommended configuration to achieve this.
This configuration has not been characterized for target loading or logic analyzer
performance. Therefore no recommendations are being made or implied as to
the expected performance of this configuration.
Probe Tip
BNC connector
E9638A Probe Tip
to BNC Adapter
BNC 50 Feedthroug
Ω
Termination Adapter
BNC Connector
61
Operating the Probe
Connecting to coaxial connectors
Probe Tip
E9638A Probe Tip
to BNC Adapter
BNC 50 Feedthrough
Ω
Termination Adapter
BNC to SMA, SMB, SMC
or other Coaxial Adapter
SMA, SMB, SMC
or other Coaxial Connector
SMA, SMB, SMC, or other coaxial connectors
62
Operating the Probe
Combining grounds
Combining grounds
It is essential to ground every tip that is in use. For best performance at high
speeds, every tip should be grounded individually to ground in the system under
test. For convenience in connecting grounds, you can use the ground connector,
Agilent part number 16515-27601, to combine four probe tip grounds to connect
to one ground point in the system under test.
Using the 16515-27601 to combine grounds will have some negative impact on
performance due to coupling caused by common ground return currents. The
exact impact depends on the signals being tested and the configuration of the
test, so it is impossible to predict accurately. In general, the faster the rise time
of the signals under test, the greater the risk of coupling.
In no case should more than four tip grounds be combined through one 1651527601 to connect to ground in the system under test.
63
Operating the Probe
Combining grounds
64
Index
A
accessories
additional 8
supplied 8
B
Berg strip 39, 50
BNC adapter 8
C
channels 6
characteristics
of probe 9, 10
of suggested configurations 15
cleaning the instrument 67
clock 9
clock input 11
configuration
130 ohm resistive signal pin & solder-down
ground lead 16
5 cm resistive signal pin & solder-down ground
lead 27
flying lead and ground extender 39
grabber clip and right-angle ground lead 50
hand-held probing 16
pin probing 39
surface-mount probing 27
configurations, suggested 15
connecting to logic analyzer 11
D
damage
to the probe 7
to the resistor 27
differential threshold 11
dimensions 10
E
environmental characteristics 10
eye opening 24, 36, 47, 58
F
flying lead 15, 39
flying lead and grabber clip 50
flying lead and signal pin 16
G
general characteristics 10
grabber clip 15, 50
ground
extender 15, 39
lead 16
right angle 15, 50
solder down 15, 16, 27
H
hand-held probing 16
I
IC probing 27
input impedance 17, 28, 40, 51
inspecting probe 7
instrument, cleaning the 67
O
operating environment 10
ordering accessories 8
P
part numbers for accessories 8
pin probing 39
probe
case contents 7
characteristics 9, 10
inspection 7
setup 11
probing
Berg strip 39
Berg strip and IC 50
coaxial connectors 62
grabber clip 50
IC and pins 50
IC and surface mount 50
IC and test point 27
pins 39
SMA, SMB,SMC connectors 62
surface-mount components 27
test points 16
R
repair or replacement 7
65
replaceable parts 8
resistive signal
lead, 5 cm 15, 27
pin, 130 ohm 15, 16
S
setting up the probe & logic analyzer 11
SMA,SMB,SMC connectors 62
solder-down ground 16, 27
specifications 9
state data rate 9
step input 21, 33, 44, 55
suggested configurations 15
surface-mount probing 27
T
TDT 18, 30, 41, 52
test point 16, 27
threshold
accuracy 9
differential 11
range 9
user defined 12
U
user defined threshold 12
W
weight 10
66
Safety
Notices
This apparatus has been
designed and tested in
accordance with IEC Pub
lication 1010, Safety
Requirements for Measur
ing Apparatus, and has
been supplied in a safe
condition. This is a Safety
Class I instrument (pro
vided with terminal for
protective earthing).
Before applying power,
verify that the correct
safety precautions are
taken (see the following
warnings). In addition,
note the external mark
ings on the instrument that
are described under
"Safety Symbols."
Warnings
• Before turning on the
instrument, you must con
nect the protective earth
terminal of the instrument
to the protective conduc
tor of the (mains) power
cord. The mains plug shall
only be inserted in a
socket outlet provided
with a protective earth
contact. You must not
negate the protective
action by using an exten
sion cord (power cable)
without a protective con
ductor (grounding).
Grounding one conductor
of a two-conductor outlet
is not sufficient protection.
• Only fuses with the
required rated current,
voltage, and specified
type (normal blow, time
delay, etc.) should be
used. Do not use repaired
fuses or short-circuited
fuseholders. To do so
could cause a shock or
fire hazard.
-
-
• If you energize this
instrument by an auto
transformer (for voltage
reduction or mains isola
tion), the common terminal must be connected to
the earth terminal of the
power source.
-
• Whenever it is likely that
-
the ground protection is
impaired, you must make
the instrument inopera
tive and secure it against
any unintended operation.
• Service instructions are
for trained service person
nel. To avoid dangerous
electric shock, do not per
form any service unless
qualified to do so. Do not
attempt internal service or
adjustment unless another
person, capable of render
ing first aid and resuscitation, is present.
• Do not install substitute
parts or perform any
unauthorized modification
to the instrument.
• Capacitors inside the
-
instrument may retain a
charge even if the instru
ment is disconnected from
its source of supply.
• Do not operate the
instrument in the pres
ence of flammable gasses
or fumes. Operation of
any electrical instrument
in such an environment
constitutes a definite
safety hazard.
• Do not use the instrument in a manner not
specified by the manufac
turer.
To clean the instrument
If the instrument requires
cleaning: (1) Remove
power from the instru
ment. (2) Clean the external surfaces of the
instrument with a soft
cloth dampened with a
mixture of mild detergent
and water. (3) Make sure
that the instrument is
completely dry before
reconnecting it to a power
source.
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Safety Symbols
!
Instruction manual symbol: the product is marked
with this symbol when it is
necessary for you to refer
to the instruction manual
in order to protect against
damage to the product..
Hazardous voltage symbol.
Earth terminal symbol:
Used to indicate a circuit
common connected to
grounded chassis.
Agilent Technologies
P.O. Box 2197
1900 Garden of the Gods Road
Colorado Springs, CO 80901
Notices
© Agilent Technologies,
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Manual Part Number
E5382-97002, December
2005
Print History
E5382-97000, April 2002
E5382-97001, Sept. 2002
E5382-97002, Dec. 2005
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Road
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Acknowledgements
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