Keysight MSOX3012T, DSOX3024T, MSOX3014T, DSOX3014T, MSOX3022T User Manual

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Keysight InfiniiVision
3000T X-Series
Oscilloscopes

User's Guide

Notices

CAUTION

© Keysight Technologies, Inc. 2005-2017

No part of this manual may be reproduced in
any form or by any means (including
electronic storage and retrieval or translation
into a foreign language) without prior
agreement and written consent from
Keysight Technologies, Inc. as governed by
United States and international copyright
laws.

Manual Part Number

75037-97038

Edition

Fourth edition, April 2017

Available in electronic format only
Published by:

Keysight Technologies, Inc.
1900 Garden of the Gods Road
Colorado Springs, CO 80907 USA

Print History

75037-97000, November 2014

75037-97013, August 2015

75037-97025, July 2016

75037-97038, April 2017

Warranty

The material contained in this document is
provided "as is," and is subject to being
changed, without notice, in future editions.
Further, to the maximum extent permitted
by applicable law, Keysight disclaims all
warranties, either express or implied, with
regard to this manual and any information
contained herein, incl uding but not l imited
to the implied warranties of merchantability
and fitness for a particular purpose.
Keysight shall not be liable for errors or for
incidental or consequential damages in
connection with the furnishing, use, or
performance of this document or of any
information contained herein. Should
Keysight and the user have a separate

written agreement with warranty terms
covering the material in this document that
conflict with these terms, the warranty
terms in the separate agreement shall
control.

Technology License

The hardware and/or software described in
this document are furnished under a license
and may be used or copied only in
accordance with the terms of such license.

U.S. Government Rights

The Software is "commercial computer
software," as defined by Federal Acquisition
Regulation ("FAR") 2.101. Pursuant to FAR

12.212 and 27.405-3 and Department of
Defense FAR Supplement ("DFARS")

227.7202, the U.S. government acquires
commercial computer software under the
same terms by which the software is
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Accordingly, Keysight provides the Software
to U.S. government customers under its
standard commercial license, which is
embodied in its End User License Agreement
(EULA), a copy of which can be found at

www.keysight.com/find/sweula. The

license set forth in the EULA represents the
exclusive authority by which the U.S.
government may use, modify, distribute, or
disclose the Software. The EULA and the
license set forth therein, does not require or
permit, among other things, that Keysight: (1)
Furnish technical information related to
commercial computer software or
commercial computer software
documentation that is not customarily
provided to the public; or (2) Rel inquish to, or
otherwise provide, the government rights in
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commercial computer software or
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documentation. No additional government
requirements beyond those set forth in the
EULA shall apply, except to the extent that

those terms, rights, or licenses are explicitly
required from all providers of commercial
computer software pursuant to the FAR and
the DFARS and are set forth specifically in
writing elsewhere in the EULA. Keysight shall
be under no obligation to update, revise or
otherwise modify the Software. With respect
to any technical data as defined by FAR

2.101, pursuant to FAR 12.211 and 27.404.2
and DFARS 227.7102, the U.S. government
acquires no greater than Limited Rights as
defined in FAR 27.401 or DFAR 227.7103-5
(c), as applicable in any technical data.

Safety Notices

This product has been designed and tested in
accordance with accepted industry
standards, and has been supplied in a safe
condition. The documentation contains
information and warnings that must be
followed by the user to ensure safe operation
and to maintain the product in a safe
condition.

A CAUTION notice denotes a hazard.
It calls attention to an operating
procedure, practice, or the like that,
if not correctly performed or
adhered to, could result in damage
to the product or loss of important
data. Do not proceed beyond a
CAUTION notice until the indicated
conditions are fully understood and
met.

2 Keysight InfiniiVision 3000T X-Series Oscilloscopes User's Guide

WARNING

A WARNING notice denotes a
hazard. It calls attention to an
operating procedure, practice, or
the like that, if not correctly
performed or adhered to, could
result in personal injury or death.
Do not proceed beyond a WARNING
notice until the indicated
conditions are fully understood and
met.

Keysight InfiniiVision 3000T X-Series Oscilloscopes User's Guide 3

InfiniiVision 3000T X-Series Oscilloscopes—At a Glance

Table 1 InfiniiVision 3000T X-Series Oscilloscope Models, Bandwid ths, Sample Rates

Bandwid th 100 MHz 200 MHz 350 MHz 500 MHz 1 GHz

Sample Rate (interleaved,
non-interleaved)

2-Channel + 16 Logic
Channels MSO

4-Channel + 16 Logic
Channels MSO

2-Channel DSO DSO-X 3012T DSO-X 3022T DSO-X 3032T DSO-X 3052T DSO-X 3102T

4-Channel DSO DSO-X 3014T DSO-X 3024T DSO-X 3034T DSO-X 3054T DSO-X 3104T

5 GSa/s,

2.5 GSa/s

MSO-X 3012T MSO-X 3022T MSO-X 3032T MSO-X 3052T MSO-X 3102T

MSO-X 3014T MSO-X 3024T MSO-X 3034T MSO-X 3054T MSO-X 3104T

5 GSa/s,

2.5 GSa/s

5 GSa/s,

2.5 GSa/s

5 GSa/s,

2.5 GSa/s

5 GSa/s,

2.5 GSa/s

The Keysight InfiniiVision 3000T X-Series oscilloscopes deliver these features:

• 100 MHz, 200 MHz, 350 MHz, 500 MHz, and 1 GHz bandwidth models.

4 Keysight InfiniiVision 3000T X-Series Oscilloscopes User's Guide

• 2- and 4-channel digital storage oscilloscope (DSO) models.

• 2+16-channel and 4+16-channel mixed-signal oscilloscope (MSO) models.

An MSO lets you debug your mixed-signal designs using analog signals and
tightly correlated digital signals simultaneously. The 16 digital channels have a

1.25 GSa/s sample rate, with a 200 MHz toggle rate.

• 8.5 inch WVGA touchscreen display. The touchscreen makes the oscilloscope
easier to use:

• You can "touch" inside alpha-numeric keypad dialogs to enter file, label,

network, and printer names, etc., instead of using softkeys and the
Entry knob.

• You can drag a finger across the screen to draw rectangular boxes for

zooming in on waveforms or setting up Zone triggers.

• You can touch the blue menu icon in the sidebar to display information or

control dialogs. You can drag (undock) these dialogs out of the sidebar, for
example, to view cursor values and measurements at the same time.

• You can touch other areas of the screen as substitutes for using front panel

keys, softkeys, and knobs.

• Interleaved 4 Mpts or non-interleaved 2 Mpts MegaZoom IV memory for the
fastest waveform update rates, uncompromised.

• All knobs are pushable for making quick selections.

• Trigger types: edge, edge then edge, pulse width, pattern, OR, rise/fall time,
Nth edge burst, runt, setup & hold, video, NFC, and zone.

• Serial decode/trigger options for: CAN/CAN FD/LIN, CXPI, FlexRay, I

2

I

S, Manchester/NRZ, MIL-STD-1553/ARINC 429, SENT, and UART/RS232.

There is a Lister for displaying serial decode packets.

• Dedicated [FFT] key and FFT waveform math function.

• Two additional math waveforms: add, subtract, multiply, divide, d/dt,
integrate, FFT (Magnitude), FFT (Phase), Ax+B, square, square root, absolute
value, common logarithm, natural logarithm, exponential, base 10 exponential,
low pass filter, high pass filter, averaged value, smoothing, envelope, magnify,
maximum, minimum, peak-peak, max hold, min hold, measurement trend,
chart logic bus timing, and chart logic bus state.

• Reference waveform locations (2) for comparing with other channel or math
waveforms.

• Many built-in measurements and a measurement statistics display.

2

C/SPI,

Keysight InfiniiVision 3000T X-Series Oscilloscopes User's Guide 5

• Built-in, license-enabled 1-channel waveform generator with: arbitrary, sine,
square, ramp, pulse, DC, noise, sine cardinal, exponential rise, exponential fall,
cardiac, and Gaussian pulse. Modulated waveforms on WaveGen except for
arbitrary, pulse, DC, and noise waveforms.

• USB ports make printing, saving and sharing data easy.

• Optional LAN/VGA module for connecting to a network and displaying the
screen on a different monitor.

• Optional GPIB module.

• A Quick Help system is built into the oscilloscope. Press and hold any key to
display Quick Help. Complete instructions for using the quick help system are
given in “Access the Built-In Quick Help" on page 61.

For more information about InfiniiVision oscilloscopes, see:

www.keysight.com/find/scope

6 Keysight InfiniiVision 3000T X-Series Oscilloscopes User's Guide

In This Guide

This guide shows how to use the InfiniiVision 3000T X-Series oscilloscopes.

When unpacking and using the
oscilloscope for the first time, see:

When displaying waveforms and
acquired data, see:

When setting up triggers or changing
how data is acquired, see:

Making measurements and analyzing
data:

• Chapter 1, “Getting Started,” starting on page 27

• Chapter 2, “Horizontal Controls,” starting on page 63

• Chapter 3, “Vertical Controls,” starting on page 79

• Chapter 4, “FFT Spectral Analysis,” starting on page 89

• Chapter 5, “Math Waveforms,” starting on page 99

• Chapter 6, “Reference Waveforms,” starting on page

127

• Chapter 7, “Digital Channels,” starting on page 131

• Chapter 8, “Serial Decode,” starting on page 149

• Chapter 9, “Display Settings,” starting on page 155

• Chapter 10, “Labels,” starting on page 161

• Chapter 11, “Triggers,” starting on page 169

• Chapter 12, “Trigger Mode/Coupling,” starting on

page 207

• Chapter 13, “Acquisition Control,” starting on page

215

• Chapter 14, “Cursors,” starting on page 233

• Chapter 15, “Measurements,” starting on page 243

• Chapter 16, “Mask Testing,” starting on page 275

• Chapter 17, “Digital Voltmeter and Counter,” starting

on page 289

• Chapter 18, “Frequency Response Analysis,” starting

on page 295

When using the built-in license
enabled waveform generator, see:

When saving, recalling, or printing,
see:

• Chapter 19, “Waveform Generator,” starting on page

301

• Chapter 20, “Save/Email/Recall (Setups, Screens,

Data),” starting on page 321

• Chapter 21, “Print (Screens),” starting on page 335

Keysight InfiniiVision 3000T X-Series Oscilloscopes User's Guide 7

When using the oscilloscope's utility

NOTE

functions or web interface, see:

For reference information, see: • Chapter 24, “Reference,” starting on page 375

• Chapter 22, “Utility Settings,” starting on page 341

• Chapter 23, “Web Interface,” starting on page 359

When using licensed serial bus
triggering and decode features, see:

• Chapter 25, “CAN/LIN Triggering and Serial Decode,”

starting on page 395

• Chapter 26, “CXPI Triggering and Serial Decode,”

starting on page 417

• Chapter 27, “FlexRay Triggering and Serial Decode,”

starting on page 427

• Chapter 28, “I2C/SPI Triggering and Serial Decode,”

starting on page 437

• Chapter 29, “I2S Triggering and Serial Decode,”

starting on page 455

• Chapter 30, “Manchester/NRZ Triggering and Serial

Decode,” starting on page 465

• Chapter 31, “MIL-STD-1553/ARINC 429 Triggering

and Serial Decode,” starting on page 481

• Chapter 32, “SENT Triggering and Serial Decode,”

starting on page 497

• Chapter 33, “UART/RS232 Triggering and Serial

Decode,” starting on page 511

Abbreviated instructions for pressing a series of keys and softkeys

Instructions for pressing a series of keys are written in an abbreviated manner. Instructions for
pressing [Key1], then pressing Softkey2, then pressing Softkey3 are abbreviated as follows:

Press [Key1] > Softkey2 > Softkey3.

The keys may be a front panel [Key] or a Softkey. Softkeys are the six keys located directly
below the oscilloscope display.

8 Keysight InfiniiVision 3000T X-Series Oscilloscopes User's Guide

Contents

InfiniiVision 3000T X-Series Oscilloscopes—At a Glance / 4

In This Guide / 7

1Getting Started

Inspect the Package Contents / 27

Install the Optional LAN/VGA or GPIB Module / 30

Tilt the Oscilloscope for Easy Viewing / 30

Power-On the Oscilloscope / 31

Connect Probes to the Oscilloscope / 32

Maximum input voltage at analog inputs / 32

Do not float the oscilloscope chassis / 33

Input a Waveform / 33

Recall the Default Oscilloscope Setup / 33

Use Autoscale / 34

Compensate Passive Probes / 36

Learn the Front Panel Controls and Connectors / 37

Front Panel Overlays for Different Languages / 44

Learn the Touchscreen Controls / 45

Draw Rectangles for Waveform Zoom or Zone Trigger Set

Up / 46
Flick or Drag to Scale, Position, and Change Offset / 47
Select Sidebar Information or Controls / 49

Keysight InfiniiVision 3000T X-Series Oscilloscopes User's Guide 9

Undock Sidebar Dialogs by Dragging / 49
Re-dock Sidebar Dialogs to Split Sidebar / 50
Select Dialog Menus and Close Dialogs / 51
Drag Cursors / 51
Touch Softkeys and Menus On the Screen / 51
Enter Names Using Alpha-Numeric Keypad Dialogs / 52
Change Waveform Offsets By Dragging Ground Reference

Icons / 53
Access Controls and Menus Via the Menu Icon / 54
Turn Channels On/Off and Open Scale/Offset Dialogs / 55
Access the Horizontal Menu and Open the Scale/Delay

Dialog / 56
Access the Trigger Menu, Change the Trigger Mode, and Open the

Trigger Level Dialog / 57
Use a USB Mouse and/or Keyboard for Touchscreen

Controls / 58

Learn the Rear Panel Connectors / 58

Learn the Oscilloscope Display / 59

Access the Built-In Quick Help / 61

2Horizontal Controls

To adjust the horizontal (time/div) scale / 64

To adjust the horizontal delay (position) / 65

Panning and Zooming Single or Stopped Acquisitions / 66

To change the horizontal time mode (Normal, XY, or Roll) / 67

XY Time Mode / 68

To display the zoomed time base / 71

To change the horizontal scale knob's coarse/fine adjustment

setting / 72

To position the time reference (left, center, right, custom) / 72

10 Keysight InfiniiVision 3000T X-Series Oscilloscopes User's Guide

Searching for Events / 73

Navigating the Time Base / 75

3Vertical Controls

To turn waveforms on or off (channel or math) / 80

To adjust the vertical scale / 81

To adjust the vertical position / 81

To specify channel coupling / 81

To specify channel input impedance / 82

To specify bandwid th limiting / 83

To change the vertical scale knob's coarse/fine adjustment

To set up searches / 74
To copy search setups / 74

To navigate time / 75
To navigate search events / 75
To navigate segments / 76

setting / 83

To invert a waveform / 84

Setting Analog Channel Probe Options / 84

To specify the channel units / 85
To specify the probe attenuation / 85
To specify the probe skew / 86
To calibrate a probe / 86

4 FFT Spectral Analysis

Searching for FFT Peaks / 93

FFT Measurement Hints / 93

FFT Units / 95

FFT DC Value / 95

Keysight InfiniiVision 3000T X-Series Oscilloscopes User's Guide 11

FFT Aliasing / 95

FFT Spectral Leakage / 97

5Math Waveforms

To display math waveforms / 99

To adjust the math waveform scale and offset / 101

Units for Math Waveforms / 101

Math Operators / 102

Math Transforms / 104

Add or Subtract / 102
Multiply or Divide / 103

Differentiate / 105
Integrate / 106
FFT Magnitude, FFT Phase / 108
Square Root / 113
Ax + B / 114
Square / 115
Absolute Value / 115
Common Logarithm / 116
Natural Logarithm / 116
Exponential / 117
Base 10 Exponential / 117

Math Filters / 118

High Pass and Low Pass Filter / 118
Averaged Value / 119
Smoothing / 120
Envelope / 120

Math Visualizations / 121

Magnify / 121
Maximum/Minimum / 122

12 Keysight InfiniiVision 3000T X-Series Oscilloscopes User's Guide

Peak-Peak / 122
Max/Min Hold / 122
Measurement Trend / 122
Chart Logic Bus Timing / 124
Chart Logic Bus State / 125

6 Reference Waveforms

To save a waveform to a reference waveform location / 127

To display a reference waveform / 128

To scale and position reference waveforms / 129

To adjust reference waveform skew / 129

To display reference waveform information / 130

To save/recall reference waveform files to/from a USB storage

device / 130

7 Digital Channels

To connect the digital probes to the device under test / 131

Probe cable for digital channels / 132

Acquiring waveforms using the digital channels / 135

To display digital channels using Autoscale / 135

Interpreting the digital waveform display / 136

To change the displayed size of the digital channels / 137

To switch a single channel on or off / 138

To switch all digital channels on or off / 138

To switch groups of channels on or off / 138

To change the logic threshold for digital channels / 138

To reposition a digital channel / 139

Keysight InfiniiVision 3000T X-Series Oscilloscopes User's Guide 13

8Serial Decode

9 Display Settings

To display digital channels as a bus / 140

Digital channel signal fidelity: Probe impedance and

grounding / 143
Input Impedance / 143

Probe Grounding / 145
Best Probing Practices / 147

Serial Decode Options / 149

Lister / 151

Searching Lister Data / 152

To adjust waveform intensity / 155

To set or clear persistence / 157

To clear the display / 158

To select the grid type / 158

To adjust the grid intensity / 159

To freeze the display / 159

10 Labels

To turn the label display on or off / 161

To assign a predefined label to a channel / 162

To define a new label / 163

To load a list of labels from a text file you create / 164

To reset the label library to the factory default / 165

To add an annotation / 166

14 Keysight InfiniiVision 3000T X-Series Oscilloscopes User's Guide

11 Triggers

Adjusting the Trigger Level / 170

Forcing a Trigger / 171

Edge Trigger / 172

Edge then Edge Trigger / 174

Pulse Width Trigger / 175

Pattern Trigger / 178

Hex Bus Pattern Trigger / 180

OR Trigger / 181

Rise/Fall Time Trigger / 182

Near Field Communication (NFC) Trigger / 183

Nth Edge Burst Trigger / 186

Runt Trigger / 188

Setup and Hold Trigger / 190

Video Trigger / 191

To set up Generic video triggers / 195
To trigger on a specific line of video / 196
To trigger on all sync pulses / 197
To trigger on a specific field of the video signal / 198
To trigger on all fields of the video signal / 199
To trigger on odd or even fields / 200

Serial Trigger / 203

Zone Qualified Trigger / 204

12 Trigger Mode/Coupling

To select the Auto or Normal trigger mode / 208

To select the trigger coupling / 209

Keysight InfiniiVision 3000T X-Series Oscilloscopes User's Guide 15

To enable or disable trigger noise rejection / 211

To enable or disable trigger HF Reject / 211

To set the trigger holdoff / 212

External Trigger Input / 213

13 Acquisition Control

Running, Stopping, and Making Single Acquisitions (Run

Overview of Sampling / 217

Selecting the Acquisition Mode / 221

Maximum voltage at oscilloscope external trigger input / 213

Control) / 215

Sampling Theory / 217
Aliasing / 217
Oscilloscope Bandwidth and Sample Rate / 218
Oscilloscope Rise Time / 219
Oscilloscope Bandwidth Required / 220
Memory Depth and Sample Rate / 221

Normal Acquisition Mode / 222
Peak Detect Acquisition Mode / 222
Averaging Acquisition Mode / 225
High Resolution Acquisition Mode / 227

Realtime Sampling Option / 227

Realtime Sampling and Oscilloscope Bandwid th / 228

Acquiring to Segmented Memory / 229

Navigating Segments / 230
Measurements, Statistics, and Infinite Persistence with

Segmented Memory / 231
Segmented Memory Re-Arm Time / 231
Saving Data from Segmented Memory / 231

16 Keysight InfiniiVision 3000T X-Series Oscilloscopes User's Guide

14 Cursors

15 Measurements

To make cursor measurements / 234

Cursor Examples / 237

To make automatic measurements / 244

To edit measurements / 246

Measurements Summary / 246

Snapshot All / 249

Voltage Measurements / 250

Peak-Peak / 251
Maximum / 251
Minimum / 251
Amplitude / 251
Top / 251
Base / 252
Overshoot / 252
Preshoot / 254
Average / 254
DC RMS / 255
AC RMS / 255
Ratio / 257

Time Measurements / 257

Period / 258
Frequency / 258
Counter / 259
+ Width / 260
– Width / 260
Burst Width / 260
Duty Cycle / 260
Bit Rate / 261

Keysight InfiniiVision 3000T X-Series Oscilloscopes User's Guide 17

Rise Time / 261
Fall Time / 261
Delay / 261
Phase / 262
X at Min Y / 264
X at Max Y / 264

Count Measurements / 265

Positive Pulse Count / 265
Negative Pulse Count / 265
Rising Edge Count / 266
Falling Edges Count / 266

Mixed Measurements / 266

Area / 266

FFT Analysis Measurements / 267

Channel Power / 267
Occupied Bandwidth / 268
Adjacent Channel Power Ratio (ACPR) / 268
Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) / 269

Measurement Thresholds / 270

Measurement Window / 272

Measurement Statistics / 272

16 Mask Testing

To create a mask from a "golden" waveform (Automask) / 275

Mask Test Setup Options / 277

Mask Statistics / 280

To manually modify a mask file / 281

Building a Mask File / 284

How is mask testing done? / 287

18 Keysight InfiniiVision 3000T X-Series Oscilloscopes User's Guide

17 Digital Voltmeter and Counter

Digital Voltmeter / 290

Counter / 291

18 Frequency Response Analysis

To make connections / 295

To set up and run the analysis / 296

To view and save the analysis results / 298

19 Waveform Generator

To select generated waveform types and settings / 301

To edit arbitrary waveforms / 305

Creating New Arbitrary Waveforms / 306
Editing Existing Arbitrary Waveforms / 307
Capturing Other Waveforms to the Arbitrary Waveform / 311

To output the waveform generator sync pulse / 312

To specify the expected output load / 312

To use waveform generator logic presets / 313

To add noise to the waveform generator output / 313

To add modulation to the waveform generator output / 314

To set up Amplitude Modulation (AM) / 315
To set up Frequency Modulation (FM) / 316
To set up Frequency-Shift Keying Modulation (FSK) / 317

To restore waveform generator defaults / 318

20 Save/Email/Recall (Setups, Screens, Data)

Saving Setups, Screen Images, or Data / 321

To save setup files / 323
To save BMP or PNG image files / 324

Keysight InfiniiVision 3000T X-Series Oscilloscopes User's Guide 19

21 Print (Screens)

To save CSV, ASCII XY, or BIN data files / 324
Length Control / 326
To save Lister data files / 327
To save reference waveform files to a USB storage device / 327
To save masks / 328
To save arbitrary waveforms / 328
To navigate storage locations / 329
To enter file names / 329

Emailing Setups, Screen Images, or Data / 330

Recalling Setups, Masks, or Data / 331

To recall setup files / 332
To recall mask files / 332
To recall reference waveform files from a USB storage

device / 332
To recall arbitrary waveforms / 333

Recalling Default Setups / 333

Performing a Secure Erase / 334

To print the oscilloscope's display / 335

To set up network printer connections / 337

To specify the print options / 338

To specify the palette option / 339

22 Utility Settings

I/O Interface Settings / 341

Setting up the Oscilloscope's LAN Connection / 342

To establish a LAN connection / 343
Stand-alone (Point-to-Point) Connection to a PC / 344

File Explorer / 344

20 Keysight InfiniiVision 3000T X-Series Oscilloscopes User's Guide

Setting Oscilloscope Preferences / 346

To choose "expand about" center or ground / 347
To disable/enable transparent backgrounds / 347
To load the default label library / 347
To set up the screen saver / 348
To set Autoscale preferences / 349

Setting the Oscilloscope's Clock / 349

Setting the Rear Panel TRIG OUT Source / 350

Enabling Remote Command Logging / 351

Performing Service Tasks / 352

To perform user calibration / 352
To perform hardware self test / 355
To perform front panel self test / 356
To display oscilloscope information / 356
To display the user calibration status / 356
To clean the oscilloscope / 356
To check warranty and extended services status / 356
To contact Keysight / 357
To return the instrument / 357

Configuring the [Quick Action] Key / 357

23 Web Interface

Accessing the Web Interface / 360

Browser Web Control / 361

Full Scope Remote Front Panel / 362
Screen Only Remote Front Panel / 363
Tablet Remote Front Panel / 364
Remote Programming via the Web Interface / 365
Remote Programming with Keysight IO Libraries / 366

Save/Recall / 367

Keysight InfiniiVision 3000T X-Series Oscilloscopes User's Guide 21

24 Reference

Saving Files via the Web Interface / 367
Recalling Files via the Web Interface / 368

Get Image / 369

Identification Function / 370

Instrument Utilities / 370

Setting a Password / 372

Specifications and Characteristics / 375

Measurement Category / 375

Oscilloscope Measurement Category / 375
Measurement Category Definitions / 376
Maximum Input Voltages / 376

Maximum input voltage at analog inputs / 376

Maximum input voltage at digital channels / 377

Environmental Conditions / 377

Probes and Accessories / 378

Loading Licenses and Displaying License Information / 378

Licensed Options Available / 379
Other Options Available / 380
Upgrading to an MSO / 380

Software and Firmware Updates / 380

Binary Data (.bin) Format / 381

Binary Data in MATLAB / 382
Binary Header Format / 382
Example Program for Reading Binary Data / 385
Examples of Binary Files / 385

22 Keysight InfiniiVision 3000T X-Series Oscilloscopes User's Guide

CSV and ASCII XY files / 388

CSV and ASCII XY file structure / 389
Minimum and Maximum Values in CSV Files / 389
Frequency Data in CSV Files / 390

Acknowledgements / 390

Product Markings and Regulatory Information / 392

25 CAN/LIN Triggering and Serial Decode

Setup for CAN/CAN FD Signals / 395

Loading and Displaying CAN Symbolic Data / 398

CAN/CAN FD Triggering / 399

CAN/CAN FD Serial Decode / 402

Interpreting CAN/CAN FD Decode / 403
CAN Totalizer / 404
Interpreting CAN Lister Data / 405
Searching for CAN Data in the Lister / 406

Setup for LIN Signals / 407

Loading and Displaying LIN Symbolic Data / 409

LIN Triggering / 409

LIN Serial Decode / 411

Interpreting LIN Decode / 413
Interpreting LIN Lister Data / 414
Searching for LIN Data in the Lister / 414

26 CXPI Triggering and Serial Decode

Setup for CXPI Signals / 417

CXPI Triggering / 418

CXPI Serial Decode / 421

Interpreting CXPI Decode / 423

Keysight InfiniiVision 3000T X-Series Oscilloscopes User's Guide 23

Interpreting CXPI Lister Data / 425

27 FlexRay Triggering and Serial Decode

Setup for FlexRay Signals / 427

FlexRay Triggering / 428

Triggering on FlexRay Frames / 429
Triggering on FlexRay Errors / 430
Triggering on FlexRay Events / 430

FlexRay Serial Decode / 431

Interpreting FlexRay Decode / 432
FlexRay Totalizer / 433
Interpreting FlexRay Lister Data / 434
Searching for FlexRay Data in the Lister / 434

28 I2C/SPI Triggering and Serial Decode

Setup for I2C Signals / 437

I2C Triggering / 438

I2C Serial Decode / 442

Interpreting I2C Decode / 443
Interpreting I2C Lister Data / 444
Searching for I2C Data in the Lister / 444

Setup for SPI Signals / 445

SPI Triggering / 449

SPI Serial Decode / 451

Interpreting SPI Decode / 452
Interpreting SPI Lister Data / 453
Searching for SPI Data in the Lister / 453

29 I2S Triggering and Serial Decode

Setup for I2S Signals / 455

24 Keysight InfiniiVision 3000T X-Series Oscilloscopes User's Guide

I2S Triggering / 458

I2S Serial Decode / 461

Interpreting I2S Decode / 462
Interpreting I2S Lister Data / 463
Searching for I2S Data in the Lister / 463

30 Manchester/NRZ Triggering and Serial Decode

Setup for Manchester Signals / 465

Manchester Triggering / 468

Manchester Serial Decode / 470

Interpreting Manchester Decode / 470
Interpreting Manchester Lister Data / 472

Setup for NRZ Signals / 473

NRZ Triggering / 475

NRZ Serial Decode / 477

Interpreting NRZ Decode / 478
Interpreting NRZ Lister Data / 479

31 MIL-STD-1553/ARINC 429 Triggering and Serial Decode

Setup for MIL-STD-1553 Signals / 481

MIL-STD-1553 Triggering / 483

MIL-STD-1553 Serial Decode / 484

Interpreting MIL-STD-1553 Decode / 485
Interpreting MIL-STD-1553 Lister Data / 486
Searching for MIL-STD-1553 Data in the Lister / 487

Setup for ARINC 429 Signals / 488

ARINC 429 Triggering / 489

ARINC 429 Serial Decode / 491

Interpreting ARINC 429 Decode / 493

Keysight InfiniiVision 3000T X-Series Oscilloscopes User's Guide 25

ARINC 429 Totalizer / 494
Interpreting ARINC 429 Lister Data / 495
Searching for ARINC 429 Data in the Lister / 495

32 SENT Triggering and Serial Decode

Setup for SENT Signals / 497

SENT Triggering / 502

SENT Serial Decode / 504

Interpreting SENT Decode / 505
Interpreting SENT Lister Data / 507
Searching for SENT Data in the Lister / 508

33 UART/RS232 Triggering and Serial Decode

Setup for UART/RS232 Signals / 511

UART/RS232 Triggering / 513

UART/RS232 Serial Decode / 515

Interpreting UART/RS232 Decode / 516
UART/RS232 Totalizer / 517
Interpreting UART/RS232 Lister Data / 518
Searching for UART/RS232 Data in the Lister / 518

Index

26 Keysight InfiniiVision 3000T X-Series Oscilloscopes User's Guide

Keysight InfiniiVision 3000T X-Series Oscilloscopes

User's Guide

1 Getting Started

Inspect the Package Contents / 27
Tilt the Oscilloscope for Easy Viewing / 30
Power-On the Oscilloscope / 31
Connect Probes to the Oscilloscope / 32
Input a Waveform / 33
Recall the Default Oscilloscope Setup / 33
Use Autoscale / 34
Compensate Passive Probes / 36
Learn the Front Panel Controls and Connectors / 37
Learn the Touchscreen Controls / 45
Learn the Rear Panel Connectors / 58
Learn the Oscilloscope Display / 59
Access the Built-In Quick Help / 61

This chapter describes the steps you take when using the oscilloscope for the first
time.

Inspect the Package Contents

• Inspect the shipping container for damage.

If your shipping container appears to be damaged, keep the shipping container
or cushioning material until you have inspected the contents of the shipment
for completeness and have checked the oscilloscope mechanically and
electrically.

27

1 Getting Started

• Verify that you received the following items and any optional accessories you
may have ordered:

• InfiniiVision 3000T X-Series oscilloscope.

• Power cord (country of origin determines specific type).

• Oscilloscope probes:

• Two probes for 2-channel models.

• Four probes for 4-channel models.

• Digital probe kit (MSO models only).

• Documentation CD-ROM.

28 Keysight InfiniiVision 3000T X-Series Oscilloscopes User's Guide

o

Documentation CD

Getting Started 1

InfiniiVision 3000T X-Series oscilloscope

N2843A probes
(Qty 2 or 4)

Power cord
(Based on country

f origin)

N2756-60001
Digital Probe Kit
(MSO models only)

See Also • “Probes and Accessories" on page 378

Keysight InfiniiVision 3000T X-Series Oscilloscopes User's Guide 29

1 Getting Started

NOTE

Install the Optional LAN/VGA or GPIB Module

If you need to install a DSOXLAN LAN/VGA module or a DSOXGPIB GPIB module,
perform this installation before you power on the oscilloscope.

1 If you need to remove a module before installing a different module, pinch the

module's spring tabs, and gently remove the module from the slot.

2 To install a module, slide the module into the slot on the back until it is fully

seated.

The module's spring tabs will latch into the slot, keeping the module in place.

LAN/VGA Module

Module Slot

GPIB Module

WARNING: MAIN TAIN
GROUND TO AVOID
ELECTRIC SHOCK

100-120V, 50/60/400Hz

~

100-240V, 50/60Hz

~

100 Watts MAX

The LAN/VGA or GPIB module must be installed before powering on the oscilloscope.

Tilt the Oscilloscope for Easy Viewing

There are tabs under the oscilloscope's front feet that can be flipped out to tilt the
oscilloscope.

30 Keysight InfiniiVision 3000T X-Series Oscilloscopes User's Guide

Power-On the Oscilloscope

Flip-Out Tabs

Getting Started 1

Power

Requirements

Ventilation

Requirements

Keysight InfiniiVision 3000T X-Series Oscilloscopes User's Guide 31

Line voltage, frequency, and power:

• ~Line 100-120 Vac, 50/60/400 Hz

• 100-240 Vac, 50/60 Hz

• 100 W max

The air intake and exhaust areas must be free from obstructions. Unrestricted air
flow is required for proper cooling. Always ensure that the air intake and exhaust
areas are free from obstructions.

The fan draws air in from the left side and bottom of the oscilloscope and pushes it
out behind the oscilloscope.

When using the oscilloscope in a bench-top setting, provide at least 2" clearance
at the sides and 4" (100 mm) clearance above and behind the oscilloscope for
proper cooling.

1 Getting Started

WARNING

CAUTION

CAUTION

To power-on the

oscilloscope

1 Connect the power cord to the rear of the oscilloscope, then to a suitable AC

voltage source. Route the power cord so the oscilloscope's feet and legs do not
pinch the cord.

2 The oscilloscope automatically adjusts for input line voltages in the range 100

to 240 VAC. The line cord provided is matched to the country of origin.

Always use a grounded power cord. Do not defeat the power cord ground.

3 Press the power switch.

The power switch is located on the lower left corner of the front panel. The
oscilloscope will perform a self-test and will be operational in a few seconds.

Connect Probes to the Oscilloscope

1 Connect the oscilloscope probe to an oscilloscope channel BNC connector.
2 Connect the probe's retractable hook tip to the point of interest on the circuit or

device under test. Be sure to connect the probe ground lead to a ground point
on the circuit.

32 Keysight InfiniiVision 3000T X-Series Oscilloscopes User's Guide

Maximum input voltage at analog inputs

135 Vrms

Ω input: 5 Vrms Input protection is enabled in 50 Ω mode and the 50 Ω load will

50
disconnect if greater than 5 Vrms is detected. However the inputs could still be damaged,
depending on the time constant of the signal. The 50
when the oscilloscope is powered on.

When measuring voltages over 30 V, use a 10:1 probe.

Ω input protection only functions

CAUTION

Do not float the oscilloscope chassis

WARNING

Defeating the ground connection and "floating" the oscilloscope chassis will probably
result in inaccurate measurements and may also cause equipment damage. The probe
ground lead is connected to the oscilloscope chassis and the ground wire in the power
cord. If you need to measure between two live points, use a differential probe with
sufficient dynamic range.

Do not negate the protective action of the ground connection to the oscilloscope. The
oscilloscope must remain grounded through its power cord. Defeating the ground
creates an electric shock hazard.

Input a Waveform

The first signal to input to the oscilloscope is the Demo 2, Probe Comp signal. This
signal is used for compensating probes.

1 Connect an oscilloscope probe from channel 1 to the Demo 2 (Probe Comp)

terminal on the front panel.

2 Connect the probe's ground lead to the ground terminal (next to the Demo 2

terminal).

Getting Started 1

Recall the Default Oscilloscope Setup

Keysight InfiniiVision 3000T X-Series Oscilloscopes User's Guide 33

To recall the default oscilloscope setup:
1 Press [Default Setup].

The default setup restores the oscilloscope's default settings. This places the
oscilloscope in a known operating condition. The major default settings are:

1 Getting Started

Table 2 Default Configuration Settings

Horizontal Normal mode, 100 µs/div scale, 0 s delay, center time reference.

Use Autoscale

Vertical (Analog)

Trigger Edge trigger, Auto trigger mode, 0 V level, channel 1 source, DC coupling, rising

Display Persistence off, 20% grid intensity, 50% waveform intensity.

Other Acquire mode normal, [Run/Stop] to Run, cursors and measurements off.

Labels All custom labels that you have created in the Label Library are preserved (not

In the Save/Recall Menu, there are also options for restoring the complete factory
settings (see “Recalling Default Setups" on page 333) or performing a secure
erase (see “Performing a Secure Erase" on page 334).

Use [Auto Scale] to automatically configure the oscilloscope to best display the
input signals.

1 Press [Auto Scale].

You should see a waveform on the oscilloscope's display similar to this:

Channel 1 on, 5 V/div scale, DC coupling, 0 V position, 1 M

edge slope, 40 ns holdoff time.

erased), but all channel labels will be set to their original names.

Ω impedance.

34 Keysight InfiniiVision 3000T X-Series Oscilloscopes User's Guide

Getting Started 1

2 If you want to return to the oscilloscope settings that existed before, press Undo

Autoscale.

3 If you want to enable "fast debug" autoscaling, change the channels

autoscaled, or preserve the acquisition mode during autoscale, press Fast
Debug, Channels, or Acq Mode.

These are the same softkeys that appear in the Autoscale Preferences Menu.
See “To set Autoscale preferences" on page 349.

If you see the waveform, but the square wave is not shaped correctly as shown
above, perform the procedure “Compensate Passive Probes" on page 36.

If you do not see the waveform, make sure the probe is connected securely to the
front panel channel input BNC and to the left side, Demo 2, Probe Comp terminal.

How Autoscale

Works

Keysight InfiniiVision 3000T X-Series Oscilloscopes User's Guide 35

Autoscale analyzes any waveforms present at each channel and at the external
trigger input. This includes the digital channels, if connected.

Autoscale finds, turns on, and scales any channel with a repetitive waveform that
has a frequency of at least 25 Hz, a duty cycle greater than 0.5%, and an
amplitude of at least 10 mV peak-to-peak. Any channels where no signal is found
are turned off.

1 Getting Started

The trigger source is selected by looking for the first valid waveform starting with
external trigger, then continuing with the lowest number analog channel up to the
highest number analog channel, and finally (if digital probes are connected) the
highest number digital channel.

During Autoscale, the delay is set to 0.0 seconds, the horizontal time/div (sweep
speed) setting is a function of the input signal (about 2 periods of the triggered
signal on the screen), and the triggering mode is set to Edge.

Compensate Passive Probes

Each oscilloscope passive probe must be compensated to match the input
characteristics of the oscilloscope channel to which it is connected. A poorly
compensated probe can introduce significant measurement errors.

1 Input the Probe Comp signal (see “Input a Waveform" on page 33).
2 Press [Default Setup] to recall the default oscilloscope setup (see “Recall the

Default Oscilloscope Setup" on page 33).

3 Press [Auto Scale] to automatically configure the oscilloscope for the Probe

Comp signal (see “Use Autoscale" on page 34).

4 Press the channel key to which the probe is connected ([1], [2], etc.).
5 In the Channel Menu, press Probe.
6 In the Channel Probe Menu, press Probe Check; then, follow the instructions

on-screen.

If necessary, use a nonmetallic tool (supplied with the probe) to adjust the
trimmer capacitor on the probe for the flattest pulse possible.

On N2894A probes, the trimmer capacitor is located on the probe BNC
connector.

36 Keysight InfiniiVision 3000T X-Series Oscilloscopes User's Guide

7 Connect probes to all other oscilloscope channels (channel 2 of a 2-channel

Perfectly compensated

Over compensated

Under compensated

oscilloscope, or channels 2, 3, and 4 of a 4-channel oscilloscope).

8 Repeat the procedure for each channel.

Learn the Front Panel Controls and Connectors

On the front panel, key refers to any key (button) you can press.

Getting Started 1

Keysight InfiniiVision 3000T X-Series Oscilloscopes User's Guide 37

Softkey specifically refers to the six keys that are directly below the display. The
legend for these keys is directly above them, on the display. Their functions
change as you navigate through the oscilloscope's menus.

For the following figure, refer to the numbered descriptions in the table that
follows.

1 Getting Started

14. Tools keys

1. Power switch

2. Softkeys

3. [Intensity] key

4. Entry knob

6. Trigger controls

5. Waveform keys

18. Demo 2, Ground,
and Demo 1

terminals

17. Analog
channel

inputs

19. USB
Host

port

15. [Help] key

13. File keys

8. Run Control keys

12. Measure controls

11. Additional
waveform controls

7. Horizontal controls

10. [Auto Scale] key

9. [Default Setup] key

16. Vertical controls

21. Waveform
generator

output

20. Digital
channel

inputs

Back

Back

1. Power switch Press once to switch power on; press again to switch power off. See “Power-On the

2. Softkeys The functions of these keys change based upon the menus shown on the display directly

3. [Intensity] key Press the key to illuminate it. When illuminated, turn the Entry knob to adjust waveform

38 Keysight InfiniiVision 3000T X-Series Oscilloscopes User's Guide

Oscilloscope" on page 31.

above the keys.

The Back/Up key moves up in the softkey menu hierarchy. At the top of the hierarchy, the

Back/Up key turns the menus off, and oscilloscope information is shown instead.

intensity.

You can vary the intensity control to bring out signal detail, much like an analog oscilloscope.

Digital channel waveform intensity is not adjustable.

More details about using the Intensity control to view signal detail are on “To adjust

waveform intensity" on page 155.

Getting Started 1

4. Entry knob The Entry knob is used to select items from menus and to change values. The function of the
Entry knob changes based upon the current menu and softkey selections.

Note that the curved arrow symbol above the entry knob illuminates whenever the entry

knob can be used to select a value. Also, note that when the Entry knob symbol appears
on a softkey, you can use the Entry knob, to select values.

Often, rotating the Entry knob is enough to make a selection. Sometimes, you can push the
Entry knob to enable or disable a selection. Pushing the Entry knob also makes popup menus
disappear.

5. Waveform keys The [Acquire] key lets you select Normal, Peak Detect, Averaging, or High Resolution
acquisition modes (see “Selecting the Acquisition Mode" on page 221) and use
segmented memory (see “Acquiring to Segmented Memory" on page 229).

The [Display] key lets you access the menu where you can enable persistence (see “To set or

clear persistence" on page 157), clear the display, and adjust the display grid (graticule)

intensity (see “To ad just the grid intensity" on page 159).

[Touch] key (to right of channel 2 key) — Press this key to disable/enable the touchscreen.

6. Trigger controls These controls determine how the oscilloscope triggers to capture data. See Chapter 11,
“Triggers,” starting on page 169 and Chapter 12, “Trigger Mode/Coupling,” starting on page

207.

Keysight InfiniiVision 3000T X-Series Oscilloscopes User's Guide 39

1 Getting Started

7. Horizontal controls The Horizontal controls consist of:

• Horizontal scale knob — Turn the knob in the Horizontal section that is marked

to adjust the time/div (sweep speed) setting. The symbols under the knob indicate that this
control has the effect of spreading out or zooming in on the waveform using the horizontal
scale.

• Horizontal position knob — Turn the knob marked to pan through the waveform data

horizontally. You can see the captured waveform before the trigger (turn the knob
clockwise) or after the trigger (turn the knob counterclockwise). If you pan through the
waveform when the oscilloscope is stopped (not in Run mode) then you are looking at the
waveform data from the last acquisition taken.

•[Horiz] key — Press this key to open the Horizontal Menu where you can select XY and Roll

modes, enable or disable Zoom, enable or disable horizontal time/d ivision fine adjustment,
and select the trigger time reference point.

• Zoom key — Press the zoom key to split the oscilloscope display into Normal and

Zoom sections without opening the Horizontal Menu.

•[Search] key — Lets you search for events in the acquired data.

•[Navigate] keys — Press these keys to navigate through captured data via time, search

events, or segmented memory acquisition. See “Navigating the Time Base" on
page 75.

For more information see Chapter 2, “Horizontal Controls,” starting on page 63.

8. Run Control keys When the [Run/Stop] key is green, the oscilloscope is running, that is, acquiring data when
trigger conditions are met. To stop acquiring data, press [Run/Stop].

When the [Run/Stop] key is red, data acquisition is stopped. To start acquiring data, press
[Run/Stop].

To capture and display a single acquisition (whether the oscilloscope is running or stopped),
press [Single]. The [Single] key is yellow until the oscilloscope triggers.

For more information, see “Running, Stopping, and Making Single Acquisitions (Run

Control)" on page 215.

9. [Default Setup] key Press this key to restore the oscilloscope's default settings (details on “Recall the Defaul t

Oscilloscope Setup" on page 33).

10. [Auto Scale] key When you press the [Auto Scale] key, the oscilloscope will quickly determine which channels
have activity, and it will turn these channels on and scale them to d isplay the input signals.
See “Use Autoscale" on page 34.

40 Keysight InfiniiVision 3000T X-Series Oscilloscopes User's Guide

Getting Started 1

11. Additional waveform

controls

The additional waveform controls consist of:

• [FFT] key — provides access to FFT spectrum analysis function. See Chapter 4, “FFT

Spectral Analysis,” starting on page 89.

•[Math] key — provides access to math (add, subtract, etc.) waveform functions. See

Chapter 5, “Math Waveforms,” starting on page 99.

•[Ref] key — provides access to reference waveform functions. Reference waveforms are

saved waveforms that can be displayed and compared against other analog channel or
math waveforms. Also, measurements can be made on reference waveforms. See

Chapter 6, “Reference Waveforms,” starting on page 127.

• [Digital] key — Press this key to turn the digital channels on or off (the arrow to the left will

illuminate).

When the arrow to the left of the [Digital] key is illuminated, the upper multiplexed knob
selects (and highlights in red) individual digital channels, and the lower multiplexed knob
positions the selected digital channel.

If a trace is repositioned over an existing trace the indicator at the left edge of the trace will
change from Dnn designation (where nn is a one or two d igit channel number from 0 to 15)
to D*. The "*" indicates that two or more channels are overlaid.

You can rotate the upper knob to select an overlaid channel, then rotate the lower knob to
position it just as you would any other channel.

For more information on digital channels see Chapter 7, “Digital Channels,” starting on
page 131.

• Multiplexed scale knob — This scale knob is used with Math, Ref, or Digital waveforms,

whichever has the illuminated arrow to the left. For math and reference waveforms, the
scale knob acts like an analog channel vertical scale knob.

• Multiplexed position knob — This position knob is used with Math, Ref, or Digital

waveforms, whichever has the illuminated arrow to the left. For math and reference
waveforms, the position knob acts like an analog channel vertical position knob.

•[Serial] key (between channel 1 and 2 keys) — This key is used to enable serial decode. The

multiplexed scale and position knobs are not used with serial decode. For more information
on serial decode, see Chapter 8, “Serial Decode,” starting on page 149.

12. Measure controls The measure controls consist of:

• Cursors knob — Push this knob to select cursors from a popup menu. Then, after the popup

menu closes (either by timeout or by pushing the knob again), rotate the knob to adjust the
selected cursor position.

•[Cursors] key — Press this key to open a menu that lets you select the cursors mode and

source.

•[Meas] key — Press this key to access a set of predefined measurements. See Chapter 15,

“Measurements,” starting on page 243.

Keysight InfiniiVision 3000T X-Series Oscilloscopes User's Guide 41

1 Getting Started

13. File keys Press the [Save/Recall] key to save or recall a waveform or setup. See Chapter 20,
“Save/Email/Recall (Setups, Screens, Data),” starting on page 321.

The [Print] key opens the Print Configuration Menu so you can print the displayed waveforms.
See Chapter 21, “Print (Screens),” starting on page 335.

14. Tools keys The Tools keys consist of:

• [Utility] key — Press this key to access the Utility Menu, which lets you configure the

oscilloscope's I/O settings, use the file explorer, set preferences, access the service menu,
and choose other options. See Chapter 22, “Utility Settings,” starting on page 341.

• [Quick Action] key — Press this key to perform the selected quick action: measure all

snapshot, print, save, recall, freeze display, and more. See “Configuring the [Quick

Action] Key" on page 357.

•[Wave Gen] key — Press this key to access waveform generator functions. See

Chapter 19, “Waveform Generator,” starting on page 301.

•[Analyze] key — Press this key to access analysis features like:

• Measurement threshold setting.

• Trigger level setting.

• Video trigger automatic set up and display.

• Counter (DVMCTR) (see “Counter" on page 291).

• Digital voltmeter (DVMCTR) (see “Digital Voltmeter" on page 290).

• Mask testing (see Chapter 16, “Mask Testing,” starting on page 275).

• The DSOX3PWR power measurement and analysis application.

15. [Help] key Opens the Help Menu where you can d isplay overview help topics and select the Language.
See also “Access the Built-In Quick Help" on page 61.

16. Vertical controls The Vertical controls consist of:

• Analog channel on/off keys — Use these keys to switch a channel on or off, or to access a

channel's menu in the softkeys. There is one channel on/off key for each analog channel.

• Vertical scale knob — There are knobs marked for each channel. Use these knobs

to change the vertical sensitivity (gain) of each analog channel.

• Vertical position knobs — Use these knobs to change a channel's vertical position on the

display. There is one Vertical Position control for each analog channel.

For more information, see Chapter 3, “Vertical Controls,” starting on page 79.

42 Keysight InfiniiVision 3000T X-Series Oscilloscopes User's Guide

Getting Started 1

17. Analog channel

inputs

18. Demo 2, Ground, and

Demo 1 terminals

19. USB Host port This port is for connecting a USB mass storage device, printer, mouse, or keyboard to the

Attach oscilloscope probes or BNC cables to these BNC connectors.

With the InfiniiVision 3000T X-Series oscilloscopes, you can set the input impedance of the
analog channels to either 50 Ω or 1 MΩ. See “To specify channel input impedance" on
page 82.

The InfiniiVision 3000T X-Series oscilloscopes also provide the AutoProbe interface. The
AutoProbe interface uses a series of contacts directly below the channel's BNC connector to
transfer information between the oscilloscope and the probe. When you connect a compatible
probe to the oscilloscope, the AutoProbe interface determines the type of probe and sets the
oscilloscope's parameters (units, offset, attenuation, coupling, and impedance) accordingly.

• Demo 2 terminal — After a [Default Setup], this terminal outputs the Probe Comp signal

which helps you match a probe's input capacitance to the oscilloscope channel to which it
is connected. See “Compensate Passive Probes" on page 36. With certain licensed
features, the oscilloscope can also output demo or training signals on this terminal.

• Ground terminal — Use the ground terminal for oscilloscope probes connected to the Demo

1 or Demo 2 terminals.

• Demo 1 terminal — The oscilloscope can output training signals on this and the Demo 2

terminal. See: [Help] > Training Signals > Training Signals.

oscilloscope.

Connect a USB compliant mass storage device (flash drive, disk drive, etc.) to save or recall
oscilloscope setup files and reference waveforms or to save data and screen images. See

Chapter 20, “Save/Email/Recall (Setups, Screens, Data),” starting on page 321.

To print, connect a USB compliant printer. For more information about printing see

Chapter 21, “Print (Screens),” starting on page 335.

You can also use the USB port to update the oscilloscope's system software when updates are
available.

You do not need to take special precautions before removing the USB mass storage device
from the oscilloscope (you do not need to "eject" it). Simply unplug the USB mass storage
device from the oscilloscope when the file operation is complete.

CAUTION: Do not connect a host computer to the oscilloscope's USB host port. Use the
device port. A host computer sees the oscilloscope as a device, so connect the host computer
to the oscilloscope's device port (on the rear panel). See “I/O Interface Settings" on
page 341.

There is a second USB host port on the back panel.

20. Digital channel

inputs

Connect the digital probe cable to this connector (MSO models only). See Chapter 7, “Digital
Channels,” starting on page 131.

Keysight InfiniiVision 3000T X-Series Oscilloscopes User's Guide 43

1 Getting Started

21. Waveform generator

outputs

Front Panel Overlays for Different Languages

Built-in, license-enabled waveform generator can output arbitrary, sine, square, ramp, pulse,
DC, noise, sine cardinal, exponential rise, exponential fall, cardiac, or Gaussian pulse
waveforms on the Gen Out BNC connectors. Modulated waveforms are available on Wave Gen
except for arbitrary, pulse, DC, and noise waveforms. Press the [Wave Gen] key to set up the
waveform generator. See Chapter 19, “Waveform Generator,” starting on page 301.

Front panel overlays, which have translations for the English front panel keys and
label text, are available in several languages. The appropriate overlay is included
when the localization option is chosen at time of purchase.

To install a front panel overlay:

1 Gently pull on the front panel knobs to remove them.
2 Insert the overlay's side tabs into the slots on the front panel.

3 Reinstall the front panel knobs.

Front panel overlays may be ordered from www.keysight.com/find/parts using the
following part numbers:

44 Keysight InfiniiVision 3000T X-Series Oscilloscopes User's Guide

Getting Started 1

Language 2 Channel Overlay 4 Channel Overlay

Czech 75037-94327 75037-94328

French 75037-94321 75037-94322

German 75037-94317 75037-94318

Italian 75037-94325 75037-94326

Japanese 75037-94323 75037-94324

Korean 75037-94307 75037-94308

Polish 75037-94329 75037-94330

Portuguese 75037-94315 75037-94316

Russian 75037-94331 75037-94332

Simplified Chinese 75037-94309 75037-94310

Spanish 75037-94319 75037-94320

Thai 75037-94312 75037-94311

Traditional Chinese 75037-94305 75037-94306

Turkish 75037-94313 75037-94314

Learn the Touchscreen Controls

When the [Touch] key is lit, you can control the oscilloscope by touching different
areas of the screen. You can:

• “Draw Rectangles for Waveform Zoom or Zone Trigger Set Up" on page 46

• “Flick or Drag to Scale, Position, and Change Offset" on page 47

• “Select Sidebar Information or Controls" on page 49

• “Undock Sidebar Dialogs by Dragging" on page 49

• “Re-dock Sidebar Dialogs to Split Sidebar" on page 50

• “Select Dialog Menus and Close Dialogs" on page 51

• “Drag Cursors" on page 51

• “Touch Softkeys and Menus On the Screen" on page 51

Keysight InfiniiVision 3000T X-Series Oscilloscopes User's Guide 45

1 Getting Started

Draw Rectangles for Waveform Zoom or Zone Trigger Set Up

• “Enter Names Using Alpha-Numeric Keypad Dialogs" on page 52

• “Change Waveform Offsets By Dragging Ground Reference Icons" on page 53

• “Access Controls and Menus Via the Menu Icon" on page 54

• “Turn Channels On/Off and Open Scale/Offset Dialogs" on page 55

• “Access the Horizontal Menu and Open the Scale/Delay Dialog" on page 56

• “Access the Trigger Menu, Change the Trigger Mode, and Open the Trigger

Level Dialog" on page 57

• “Use a USB Mouse and/or Keyboard for Touchscreen Controls" on page 58

1 Touch the upper-right corner to select the rectangle draw mode.

2 Drag your finger across the screen to draw a rectangle.
3 Take your finger off the screen.
4 Touch the desired option from the popup menu.

46 Keysight InfiniiVision 3000T X-Series Oscilloscopes User's Guide

Getting Started 1

Flick or Drag to Scale, Position, and Change Offset

1 Touch the upper-right corner to select the horizontal drag mode.

2 When the waveform drag mode is selected, you can use these touch gestures:

Keysight InfiniiVision 3000T X-Series Oscilloscopes User's Guide 47

1 Getting Started

• Flick — allows very fast browsing of waveforms. It is similar to browsing on

tablets and smartphones. It is much easier to flick than to continually turn a
knob.

• Drag — drag your finger across the screen to change the horizontal delay.

Drag your finger up or down to change the vertical offset.

To select waveforms, tap them. The waveform closest horizontally to the tap
location is selected. The selected waveform is indicated by the ground marker
with the filled background (channel 1 in the following example).

48 Keysight InfiniiVision 3000T X-Series Oscilloscopes User's Guide

Select Sidebar Information or Controls

1 Touch the blue menu icon in the sidebar.
2 In the popup menu, touch the type of information or controls you want to see in

the sidebar.

Getting Started 1

Undock Sidebar Dialogs by Dragging

Sidebar dialogs can be undocked and placed anywhere on the screen.
1 Drag the sidebar dialog title wherever you like.

Keysight InfiniiVision 3000T X-Series Oscilloscopes User's Guide 49

1 Getting Started

Re-dock Sidebar Dialogs to Split Sidebar

This lets you view multiple types of information or controls at the same time.

Sidebar dialogs can be re-docked to either half or full height of the sidebar.
1 Drag the dialog title back to the desired sidebar target.

You can display two dialogs in the sidebar at the same time.

50 Keysight InfiniiVision 3000T X-Series Oscilloscopes User's Guide

Select Dialog Menus and Close Dialogs

• Touch the blue menu icon in the dialog for options.

• Touch the red "X" icon to close a dialog.

Drag Cursors

When cursors are displayed, you can drag the name handles to position them.

Getting Started 1

Touch Softkeys and Menus On the Screen

• Touch onscreen softkey labels to select them.

Keysight InfiniiVision 3000T X-Series Oscilloscopes User's Guide 51

1 Getting Started

This is the same as pressing the softkey keys.

• When softkeys provide menus, double-touch to select a menu item.

This may be an easier than selecting a menu item via the Entry knob.

Enter Names Using Alpha-Numeric Keypad Dialogs

Some softkeys open alpha-numeric dialogs that let you touch to enter names.

52 Keysight InfiniiVision 3000T X-Series Oscilloscopes User's Guide

Getting Started 1

Change Waveform Offsets By Dragging Ground Reference Icons

You can drag ground icons to change a waveform's vertical offset.

Keysight InfiniiVision 3000T X-Series Oscilloscopes User's Guide 53

1 Getting Started

54 Keysight InfiniiVision 3000T X-Series Oscilloscopes User's Guide

Access Controls and Menus Via the Menu Icon

1 Touch the upper-left menu icon to open the main menu.

2 Touch left side controls to perform oscilloscope operations.

Getting Started 1

3 Touch menu items and submenu items to access menus and additional

controls.

Turn Channels On/Off and Open Scale/Offset Dialogs

• Touch channel numbers to turn them on or off.

Keysight InfiniiVision 3000T X-Series Oscilloscopes User's Guide 55

1 Getting Started

Access the Horizontal Menu and Open the Scale/Delay Dialog

• When channels are on, touch the scale and offset values to access a dialog for
changing them.

• Touch "H" to access the Horizontal Menu.

• Touch the horizontal scale and delay values to access a dialog for changing
them.

56 Keysight InfiniiVision 3000T X-Series Oscilloscopes User's Guide

Getting Started 1

Access the Trigger Menu, Change the Trigger Mode, and Open the Trigger Level Dialog

• Touch "T" to access the Trigger Menu.

• Touch the trigger level value(s) to access a dialog for changing the level(s).

• Touch "Auto" or "Trig'd" to quickly toggle the trigger mode.

Keysight InfiniiVision 3000T X-Series Oscilloscopes User's Guide 57

1 Getting Started

Use a USB Mouse and/or Keyboard for Touchscreen Controls

Connecting a USB mouse gives you a mouse pointer on the display. Mouse clicks
and drags behave the same as screen touches and finger drags.

If you connect a USB keyboard, you can use it to enter values in alpha-numeric
keypad dialogs.

Learn the Rear Panel Connectors

For the following figure, refer to the numbered descriptions in the table that
follows.

WARNING: MAIN TAIN
GROUND TO AVOID
ELECTRIC SHOCK

100-120V, 50/60/400Hz

~

100-240V, 50/60Hz

~

100 Watts MAX

8. USB Device port

7. USB Host port

6. EXT TRIG IN
connector

5. Calibration

protect

button

4. TRIG OUT

connector

3. Module slot

2. Kensington lock hole

1. Power cord connector

3. LAN/VGA

option module

3. GPIB

option module

58 Keysight InfiniiVision 3000T X-Series Oscilloscopes User's Guide

Getting Started 1

1. Power cord
connector

2. Kensington lock
hole

3. Module slot A DSOXLAN LAN/VGA module may be ordered and installed separately.

4. TRIG OUT
connector

5. Calibration
protect button

6. EXT TRIG IN
connector

Attach the power cord here.

This is where you can attach a Kensington lock for securing the instrument.

• LAN port — lets you communicate with the oscilloscope and use the

Remote Front Panel feature using the LAN port. See Chapter 23, “Web
Interface,” starting on page 359 and “Accessing the Web

Interface" on page 360.

• VGA video output — lets you connect an external monitor or projector to

provide a larger display or to provide a display at a viewing position
away from the oscilloscope.

The oscilloscope's built-in d isplay remains on even when an external
display is connected. The video output connector is always active.

For optimal video quality and performance, we recommend you use a
shielded video cable with ferrite cores.

A DSOXGPIB GPIB module may be ordered and installed separately.

Trigger output BNC connector. See “Setting the Rear Panel TRIG OUT

Source" on page 350.

See “To perform user calibration" on page 352.

External trigger input BNC connector. See “External Trigger Input" on
page 213 for an explanation of this feature.

7. USB Host port This port functions identically to the USB host port on the front panel. USB

Host Port is used for saving data from the oscilloscope and loading
software updates. See also USB Host port (see page 43).

8. USB Device
port

This port is for connecting the oscilloscope to a host PC. You can issue
remote commands from a host PC to the oscilloscope via the USB device
port. See “Remote Programming with Keysight IO Libraries" on
page 366.

Learn the Oscilloscope Display

The oscilloscope display contains acquired waveforms, setup information,
measurement results, and the softkey definitions.

Keysight InfiniiVision 3000T X-Series Oscilloscopes User's Guide 59

1 Getting Started

Analog channel
sensitivity

Status line

Analog
channels
and ground
levels

Trigger level

Digital channels

Softkeys

Menu line

Trigger point,
time reference

Delay
time

Time/
div

Run/Stop
status

Trigger
type

Trigger
source

Measurements

Trigger level or
digital threshold

Sidebar
information and
controls area

Cursors defining
measurement

Measurement
statistics

60 Keysight InfiniiVision 3000T X-Series Oscilloscopes User's Guide

Figure 1 Interpreting the oscilloscope display

Status line The top line of the d isplay contains vertical, horizontal, and trigger setup

information.

Display area The d isplay area contains the waveform acquisitions, channel identifiers, and

analog trigger, and ground level indicators. Each analog channel's information
appears in a different color.

Signal detail is displayed using 256 levels of intensity. For more information
about viewing signal detail see “To adjust waveform intensity" on
page 155.

For more information about display modes see Chapter 9, “Display Settings,”
starting on page 155.

Getting Started 1

Back

Sidebar
information and
controls area

Menu line This line normally contains menu name or other information associated with the

Softkey labels These labels describe softkey functions. Typically, softkeys let you set up

The sidebar information area can contain summary, cursors, measurements, or
digital vol tmeter information dialogs or it can contain navigation and other
control dialogs.

For more information, see:

• “Select Sidebar Information or Controls" on page 49

• “Undock Sidebar Dialogs by Dragging" on page 49

selected menu.

additional parameters for the selected mode or menu.

Pressing the Back/Up key at the top of the menu hierarchy turns off softkey
labels and d isplays additional status information describing channel offset and
other configuration parameters.

Access the Built-In Quick Help

To view Quick Help 1 Press and hold the key or softkey for which you would like to view help.

Keysight InfiniiVision 3000T X-Series Oscilloscopes User's Guide 61

1 Getting Started

Quick Help
message

Press and hold front panel key or softkey
(or right-click softkey when using web browser remote front panel).

Quick Help remains on the screen until another key is pressed or a knob is turned.

To select the user

interface language

62 Keysight InfiniiVision 3000T X-Series Oscilloscopes User's Guide

To select the user interface language:

1 Press [Help], then press the Language softkey.
2 Repeatedly press and release the Language softkey or rotate the Entry knob until

the desired language is selected.

The following languages are available: Czech, English, French, German, Italian,
Japanese, Korean, Polish, Portuguese, Russian, Simplified Chinese, Spanish, Thai,
Traditional Chinese, and Turkish.

Keysight InfiniiVision 3000T X-Series Oscilloscopes

User's Guide

2 Horizontal Controls

To adjust the horizontal (time/div) scale / 64
To adjust the horizontal delay (position) / 65
Panning and Zooming Single or Stopped Acquisitions / 66
To change the horizontal time mode (Normal, XY, or Roll) / 67
To display the zoomed time base / 71
To change the horizontal scale knob's coarse/fine adjustment setting / 72
To position the time reference (left, center, right, custom) / 72
Searching for Events / 73
Navigating the Time Base / 75

The horizontal controls include:

• The horizontal scale and position knobs.

•The [Horiz] key for accessing the Horizontal Menu.

• The zoom key for quickly enabling/disabling the split-screen zoom display.

•The [Search] key for finding events on analog channels or in serial decode.

•The [Navigate] keys for navigating time, search events, or segmented memory

acquisitions.

• Touchscreen controls for setting the horizontal scale and position (delay),
accessing the Horizontal Menu, and navigating.

The following figure shows the Horizontal Menu which appears after pressing the
[Horiz] key.

63

2 Horizontal Controls

Trigger
point

Sample rate

Time
reference

Delay
time

Time/
div

Trigger
source

Trigger level
or threshold

XY or Roll
mode

Normal
time mode

Zoomed
time base

Fine
control

Time
reference

Figure 2 Horizontal Menu

The Horizontal Menu lets you select the time mode (Normal, XY, or Roll), enable
Zoom, set the time base fine control (vernier), and specify the time reference.

The current sample rate is displayed in the Summary box in the right-side
information area.

To adjust the horizontal (time/div) scale

1 Turn the large horizontal scale (sweep speed) knob marked to

change the horizontal time/div setting.

64 Keysight InfiniiVision 3000T X-Series Oscilloscopes User's Guide

You can also make this adjustment using the touchscreen. See “Access the

Horizontal Menu and Open the Scale/Delay Dialog" on page 56.

Notice how the time/div information in the status line changes.
The ∇ symbol at the top of the display indicates the time reference point.

The horizontal scale knob works (in the Normal time mode) while acquisitions are
running or when they are stopped. When running, adjusting the horizontal scale
knob changes the sample rate. When stopped, adjusting the horizontal scale knob
lets you zoom into acquired data. See “Panning and Zooming Single or Stopped

Acquisitions" on page 66.

Note that the horizontal scale knob has a different purpose in the Zoom display.
See “To display the zoomed time base" on page 71.

To adjust the horizontal delay (position)

1 Turn the horizontal delay (position) knob ( ).

Horizontal Controls 2

The trigger point moves horizontally, pausing at 0.00 s (mimicking a
mechanical detent), and the delay value is displayed in the status line.

You can also make this adjustment using the touchscreen. See “Flick or Drag to

Scale, Position, and Change Offset" on page 47 and “Access the Horizontal
Menu and Open the Scale/Delay Dialog" on page 56.

Changing the delay time moves the trigger point (solid inverted triangle)
horizontally and indicates how far it is from the time reference point (hollow
inverted triangle ∇). These reference points are indicated along the top of the
display grid.

Figure 2 shows the trigger point with the delay time set to 200 µs. The delay time

number tells you how far the time reference point is located from the trigger point.
When delay time is set to zero, the delay time indicator overlays the time reference
indicator.

All events displayed left of the trigger point happened before the trigger occurred.
These events are called pre-trigger information, and they show events that led up
to the trigger point.

Keysight InfiniiVision 3000T X-Series Oscilloscopes User's Guide 65

2 Horizontal Controls

Everything to the right of the trigger point is called post-trigger information. The
amount of delay range (pre-trigger and post-trigger information) available
depends on the time/div selected and memory depth.

The horizontal position knob works (in the Normal time mode) while acquisitions
are running or when they are stopped. When running, adjusting the horizontal
scale knob changes the sample rate. When stopped, adjusting the horizontal scale
knob lets you zoom into acquired data. See “Panning and Zooming Single or

Stopped Acquisitions" on page 66.

Note that the horizontal position knob has a different purpose in the Zoom display.
See “To display the zoomed time base" on page 71.

Panning and Zooming Single or Stopped Acquisitions

When the oscilloscope is stopped, use the horizontal scale and position knobs to
pan and zoom your waveform. The stopped display may contain several
acquisitions worth of information, but only the last acquisition is available for pan
and zoom.

The ability to pan (move horizontally) and scale (expand or compress horizontally)
an acquired waveform is important because of the additional insight it can reveal
about the captured waveform. This additional insight is often gained from seeing
the waveform at different levels of abstraction. You may want to view both the big
picture and the specific little picture details.

The ability to examine waveform detail after the waveform has been acquired is a
benefit generally associated with digital oscilloscopes. Often this is simply the
ability to freeze the display for the purpose of measuring with cursors or printing
the screen. Some digital oscilloscopes go one step further by including the ability
to further examine the signal details after acquiring them by panning through the
waveform and changing the horizontal scale.

There is no limit imposed on the scaling ratio between the time/div used to
acquire the data and the time/div used to view the data. There is, however, a
useful limit. This useful limit is somewhat a function of the signal you are
analyzing.

66 Keysight InfiniiVision 3000T X-Series Oscilloscopes User's Guide

Horizontal Controls 2

NOTE

Zooming into stopped acquisitions

The screen will still contain a relatively good display if you zoom-in horizontally by a factor of
1000 and zoom-in vertically by a factor of 10 to display the information from where it was
acquired. Remember that you can only make automatic measurements on displayed data.

To change the horizontal time mode (Normal, XY, or Roll)

1 Press [Horiz].
2 In the Horizontal Menu, press Time Mode; then, select:

• Normal — the normal viewing mode for the oscilloscope.

In the Normal time mode, signal events occurring before the trigger are
plotted to the left of the trigger point (▼) and signal events after the trigger
plotted to the right of the trigger point.

• XY — XY mode changes the display from a volts-versus-time display to a

volts-versus-volts display. The time base is turned off. Channel 1 amplitude
is plotted on the X-axis and Channel 2 amplitude is plotted on the Y-axis.

You can use XY mode to compare frequency and phase relationships
between two signals. XY mode can also be used with transducers to display
strain versus displacement, flow versus pressure, volts versus current, or
voltage versus frequency.

Use the cursors to make measurements on XY mode waveforms.

For more information about using XY mode for measurements, refer to “XY

Time Mode" on page 68.

• Roll — causes the waveform to move slowly across the screen from right to

left. It only operates on time base settings of 50 ms/div and slower. If the
current time base setting is faster than the 50 ms/div limit, it will be set to
50 ms/div when Roll mode is entered.

In Roll mode there is no trigger. The fixed reference point on the screen is the
right edge of the screen and refers to the current moment in time. Events
that have occurred are scrolled to the left of the reference point. Since there
is no trigger, no pre-trigger information is available.

Keysight InfiniiVision 3000T X-Series Oscilloscopes User's Guide 67

2 Horizontal Controls

sinθ =Aor

C

XY Time Mode

Example This exercise shows a common use of the XY display mode by measuring the

If you would like to pause the display in Roll mode press the [Single] key. To
clear the display and restart an acquisition in Roll mode, press the [Single]
key again.

Use Roll mode on low-frequency waveforms to yield a display much like a
strip chart recorder. It allows the waveform to roll across the display.

The XY time mode converts the oscilloscope from a volts-versus-time display to a
volts-versus-volts display using two input channels. Channel 1 is the X-axis input,
channel 2 is the Y-axis input. You can use various transducers so the display could
show strain versus displacement, flow versus pressure, volts versus current, or
voltage versus frequency.

phase difference between two signals of the same frequency with the Lissajous
method.

1 Connect a sine wave signal to channel 1, and a sine wave signal of the same

frequency but out of phase to channel 2.

2 Press the [Auto Scale] key, press the [Horiz] key; then, press Time Mode and select

"XY".

3 Center the signal on the display with the channel 1 and 2 position ( ) knobs.

Use the channel 1 and 2 volts/div knobs and the channel 1 and 2 Fine softkeys
to expand the signal for convenient viewing.

The phase difference angle (θ) can be calculated using the following formula
(assuming the amplitude is the same on both channels):

68 Keysight InfiniiVision 3000T X-Series Oscilloscopes User's Guide

Horizontal Controls 2

A

B

D

C

Signal must
be cent ered i n
“X”

Measuring

phase difference

Signals 90 degrees

out of phase

Signals

in phase

Figure 3 XY time mode signals, centered on display

4 Press the [Cursors] key.
5 Set the Y2 cursor to the top of the signal, and set Y1 to the bottom of the

signal.
Note the ΔY value at the bottom of the display. In this example, we are using

the Y cursors, but you could have used the X cursors instead.

6 Move the Y1 and Y2 cursors to the intersection of the signal and the Y axis.

Again, note the ΔY value.

Keysight InfiniiVision 3000T X-Series Oscilloscopes User's Guide 69

2 Horizontal Controls

sinθ =

second Δ Y

first Δ Y

=

1.319

2.297

; θ = 35.05 degrees of phase shift

NOTE

Figure 4 Phase difference measurements, automatic and using cursors

7 Calculate the phase difference using the formula below.

For example, if the first ΔY value is 2.297 and the second ΔY value is 1.319:

Z-Axis Input in XY Display Mode (Blanking)

When you select the XY display mode, the time base is turned off. Channel 1 is the X-axis
input, channel 2 is the Y-axis input, and the EXT TRIG IN is the Z-axis input. If you only want to
see portions of the Y versus X display, use the Z-axis input. Z-axis turns the trace on and off
(analog oscilloscopes called this Z-axis blanking because it turned the beam on and off).
When Z is low (<1.4 V), Y versus X is displayed; when Z is high (>1.4 V), the trace is turned off.

70 Keysight InfiniiVision 3000T X-Series Oscilloscopes User's Guide

To display the zoomed time base

These markers show the
beginning and end of the
Zoom window

Normal
window

Time/div
for zoomed
window

Time/div
for normal
window

Delay time
momentarily displays
when the Horizontal
position knob is turned

Zoom
window

Signal
anomaly
expanded
in zoom
window

Select
Zoom

Zoom, formerly called Delayed sweep mode, is a horizontally expanded version of
the normal display. When Zoom is selected, the display divides in half. The top
half of the display shows the normal time/div window and the bottom half
displays a faster Zoom time/div window.

The Zoom window is a magnified portion of the normal time/div window. You can
use Zoom to locate and horizontally expand part of the normal window for a more
detailed (higher-resolution) analysis of signals.

To turn on (or off) Zoom:

1 Press the zoom key (or press the [Horiz] key and then the Zoom softkey).

Horizontal Controls 2

The area of the normal display that is expanded is outlined with a box and the rest
of the normal display is ghosted. The box shows the portion of the normal sweep
that is expanded in the lower half.

Keysight InfiniiVision 3000T X-Series Oscilloscopes User's Guide 71

2 Horizontal Controls

To change the time/div for the Zoom window, turn the horizontal scale (sweep
speed) knob. As you turn the knob, the zoomed window time/div is highlighted in
the status line above the waveform display area. The Horizontal scale (sweep
speed) knob controls the size of the box.

The Horizontal position (delay time) knob sets the left-to-right position of the
zoom window. The delay value, which is the time displayed relative to the trigger
point) is momentarily displayed in the upper-right portion of the display when the
delay time ( ) knob is turned.

Negative delay values indicate you're looking at a portion of the waveform before
the trigger event, and positive values indicate you're looking at the waveform after
the trigger event.

To change the time/div of the normal window, turn off Zoom; then, turn the
horizontal scale (sweep speed) knob.

For information about using zoom mode for measurements, refer to “To isolate a

pulse for Top measurement" on page 252 and “To isolate an event for frequency
measurement" on page 258.

To change the horizontal scale knob's coarse/fine adjustment setting

1 Push the horizontal scale knob (or press [Horiz] > Fine) to toggle between fine

and coarse adjustment of the horizontal scale.

When Fine is enabled, turning the horizontal scale knob changes the time/div
(displayed in the status line at the top of the display) in smaller increments. The
time/div remains fully calibrated when Fine is on.

When Fine is turned off, the Horizontal scale knob changes the time/div setting in
a 1-2-5 step sequence.

To position the time reference (left, center, right, custom)

Time reference is the reference point on the display for delay time (horizontal
position).

1 Press [Horiz].

72 Keysight InfiniiVision 3000T X-Series Oscilloscopes User's Guide

Horizontal Controls 2

2 In the Horizontal Menu, press Time Ref; then, select:

• Left — the time reference is set to one major division from the left edge of the

display.

• Center — the time reference is set to the center of the display.

• Right — the time reference is set to one major division from the right edge of

the display.

• Custom Location — lets you place the time reference location at a percent of

the graticule width (where 0% is the left edge and 100% is the right edge).

A small hollow triangle (∇) at the top of the display grid marks the position of the
time reference. When delay time is set to zero, the trigger point indicator (▼)
overlays the time reference indicator.

The time reference position sets the initial position of the trigger event within
acquisition memory and on the display, with delay set to 0.

Turning the Horizontal scale (sweep speed) knob expands or contracts the
waveform about the time reference point (∇). See “To adjust the horizontal

(time/div) scale" on page 64.

Turning the Horizontal position ( ) knob in Normal mode (not Zoom) moves the
trigger point indicator (▼) to the left or right of the time reference point (∇). See

“To adjust the horizontal delay (position)" on page 65.

Searching for Events

You can use the [Search] key and menu to search for Edge, Pulse Width, Rise/Fall
Time, Runt, Frequency Peaks, and Serial events on the analog channels.

Setting up searches (see “To set up searches" on page 74) is similar to setting up
triggers. In fact, except for Frequency Peaks and Serial events, you can copy
search setups to trigger setups and vice-versa (see “To copy search setups" on
page 74).

Searches are different than triggers in that they use the measurement threshold
settings instead of trigger levels.

Found search events are marked with white triangles at the top of the graticule,
and the number of events found is displayed in the menu line just above the
softkey labels.

Keysight InfiniiVision 3000T X-Series Oscilloscopes User's Guide 73

2 Horizontal Controls

To set up searches

1 Press [Search].
2 In the Search Menu, press Search; then, turn the Entry knob to select the search

type.

3 Use the remaining softkeys to set up the selected search type.

In most cases, setting up searches is similar to setting up triggers:

• For setting up Edge searches, see “Edge Trigger" on page 172.

• For setting up Pulse Width searches, see “Pulse Width Trigger" on

page 175.

• For setting up Rise/Fall Time searches, see “Rise/Fall Time Trigger" on

page 182.

• For setting up Runt searches, see “Runt Trigger" on page 188.

• For setting up Frequency Peak searches, see “Searching for FFT Peaks" on

page 93.

• For setting up Serial searches, see “Serial Trigger" on page 203 and

“Searching Lister Data" on page 152.

Remember that searches use the measurement threshold settings instead of
trigger levels. Use the Thresholds softkey in the Search Menu to access the
Measurement Threshold Menu. See “Measurement Thresholds" on page 270.

To copy search setups

Except for Frequency Peak and Serial event search setups, you can copy search
setups to trigger setups and vice-versa.

1 Press [Search].
2 In the Search Menu, press Search; then, turn the Entry knob to select the search

type.

3 Press Copy.
4 In the Search Copy Menu:

• Press Copy to Trigger to copy the setup for the selected search type to the

same trigger type. For example, if the current search type is Pulse Width,
pressing Copy to Trigger copies the search settings to the Pulse Width trigger
settings and selects the Pulse Width trigger.

74 Keysight InfiniiVision 3000T X-Series Oscilloscopes User's Guide

• Press Copy from Trigger to copy the trigger setup for the selected search type

to the search setup.

• To undo a copy, press Undo Copy.

The softkeys in the Search Copy Menu may not be available when one of the
settings cannot be copied or there is no trigger type that corresponds to the
search type.

Navigating the Time Base

You can use the [Navigate] key and controls to navigate through:

• Captured data (see “To navigate time" on page 75).

• Search events (see “To navigate search events" on page 75).

• Segments, when segmented memory acquisitions are turned on (see “To

navigate segments" on page 76).

You can also access navigation controls on the touchscreen. See “Select Sidebar

Information or Controls" on page 49.

Horizontal Controls 2

To navigate time

When acquisitions are stopped, you can use the navigation controls to play
through the captured data.

1 Press [Navigate].
2 In the Navigate Menu, press Navigate; then, select Time.

3 Press the navigation keys to play backward, stop, or play forward in

time. You can press the or keys multiple times to speed up the
playback. There are three speed levels.

You can also access navigation controls on the touchscreen. See “Select Sidebar

Information or Controls" on page 49.

To navigate search events

When acquisitions are stopped, you can use the navigation controls to go to found
search events (set using the [Search] key and menu, see “Searching for Events" on
page 73).

Keysight InfiniiVision 3000T X-Series Oscilloscopes User's Guide 75

2 Horizontal Controls

To navigate segments

1 Press [Navigate].
2 In the Navigate Menu, press Navigate; then, select Search.

3 Press the back and forward keys to go to the previous or next search

event.

When searching Serial decode:

• You can press the stop key to set or clear a mark.

•The Auto zoom softkey specifies whether the waveform display is automatically
zoomed to fit the marked row as you navigate.

• Pressing the Scroll Lister softkey lets you use the Entry knob to scroll through
data rows in the Lister display.

You can also access navigation controls on the touchscreen. See “Select Sidebar

Information or Controls" on page 49.

When the segmented memory acquisition is enabled and acquisitions are stopped,
you can use the navigation controls to play through the acquired segments.

1 Press [Navigate].
2 In the Navigate Menu, press Navigate; then, select Segments.
3 Press Play Mode; then, select:

• Manual — to play through segments manually.

In the Manual play mode:

• Press the back and forward keys to go to the previous or next

segment.

• Press the softkey to go to the first segment.

• Press the softkey to go to the last segment.

• Auto — to play through segments in an automated fashion.

In the Auto play mode:

76 Keysight InfiniiVision 3000T X-Series Oscilloscopes User's Guide

Horizontal Controls 2

• Press the navigation keys to play backward, stop, or play

forward in time. You can press the or keys multiple times to speed
up the playback. There are three speed levels.

You can also access navigation controls on the touchscreen. See “Select Sidebar

Information or Controls" on page 49.

Keysight InfiniiVision 3000T X-Series Oscilloscopes User's Guide 77

2 Horizontal Controls

78 Keysight InfiniiVision 3000T X-Series Oscilloscopes User's Guide

Keysight InfiniiVision 3000T X-Series Oscilloscopes

User's Guide

3 Vertical Controls

To turn waveforms on or off (channel or math) / 80
To adjust the vertical scale / 81
To adjust the vertical position / 81
To specify channel coupling / 81
To specify channel input impedance / 82
To specify bandwidth limiting / 83
To change the vertical scale knob's coarse/fine adjustment setting / 83
To invert a waveform / 84
Setting Analog Channel Probe Options / 84

The vertical controls include:

• The vertical scale and position knobs for each analog channel.

• The channel keys for turning a channel on or off and accessing the channel's
softkey menu.

• Touchscreen controls for setting the vertical scale and position (offset) and
accessing the Channel menus.

The following figure shows the Channel 1 Menu that appears after pressing the [1]
channel key.

79

3 Vertical Controls

Channel,
Volts/div

Channel 1
ground
level

Trigger
source

Trigger level
or threshold

Channel 2
ground
level

NOTE

The ground level of the signal for each displayed analog channel is identified by
the position of the icon at the far-left side of the display.

To turn waveforms on or off (channel or math)

80 Keysight InfiniiVision 3000T X-Series Oscilloscopes User's Guide

1 Press an analog channel key turn the channel on or off (and to display the

channel's menu).

When a channel is on, its key is illuminated.

You can also do this using the touchscreen. See “Turn Channels On/Off and

Open Scale/Offset Dialogs" on page 55.

Turning channels off

You must be viewing the menu for a channel before you can turn it off. For example, if channel
1 and channel 2 are turned on and the menu for channel 2 is being displayed, to turn channel
1 off, press [1] to display the channel 1 menu; then, press [1] again to turn channel 1 off.

To adjust the vertical scale

1 Turn the large knob above the channel key marked to set the vertical

scale (volts/division) for the channel.

You can also do this using the touchscreen. See “Turn Channels On/Off and

Open Scale/Offset Dialogs" on page 55.

The vertical scale knob changes the analog channel scale in a 1-2-5 step
sequence (with a 1:1 probe attached) unless fine adjustment is enabled (see “To

change the vertical scale knob's coarse/fine adjustment setting" on page 83).

The analog channel Volts/Div value is displayed in the status line.

The default mode for expanding the signal when you turn the volts/division knob
is vertical expansion about the ground level of the channel; however, you can
change this to expand about the center of the display. See “To choose "expand

about" center or ground" on page 347.

Vertical Controls 3

To adjust the vertical position

1 Turn the small vertical position knob ( ) to move the channel's waveform up or

down on the display.

You can also make this adjustment using the touchscreen. See “Change

Waveform Offsets By Dragging Ground Reference Icons" on page 53 and “Turn
Channels On/Off and Open Scale/Offset Dialogs" on page 55.

The offset voltage value represents the voltage difference between the vertical
center of the display and the ground level ( ) icon. It also represents the voltage

at the vertical center of the display if vertical expansion is set to expand about
ground (see “To choose "expand about" center or ground" on page 347).

To specify channel coupling

Coupling changes the channel's input coupling to either AC (alternating current)
or DC (direct current).

Keysight InfiniiVision 3000T X-Series Oscilloscopes User's Guide 81

3 Vertical Controls

TIP

NOTE

If the channel is DC coupled, you can quickly measure the DC component of the signal by
simply noting its distance from the ground symbol.

If the channel is AC coupled, the DC component of the signal is removed, allowing you to use
greater sensitivity to display the AC component of the signal.

1 Press the desired channel key.
2 In the Channel Menu, press the Coupling softkey to select the input channel

coupling:

• DC — DC coupling is useful for viewing waveforms as low as 0 Hz that do not

have large DC offsets.

• AC — AC coupling is useful for viewing waveforms with large DC offsets.

When AC coupling is chosen, you cannot select 50Ω mode. This is done to
prevent damage to the oscilloscope.

AC coupling places a 10 Hz high-pass filter in series with the input waveform
that removes any DC offset voltage from the waveform.

Note that Channel Coupling is independent of Trigger Coupling. To change trigger
coupling see “To select the trigger coupling" on page 209.

To specify channel input impedance

When you connect an AutoProbe, self-sensing probe, or a compatible InfiniiMax probe, the
oscilloscope automatically configures the analog input channels to the correct impedance.

1 Press the desired channel key.
2 In the Channel Menu, press Imped (impedance); then, select either:

• 50 Ohm — matches 50 ohm cables commonly used in making high frequency

measurements, and 50 ohm active probes.

When 50 Ohm input impedance is selected, it is displayed with the channel
information on-screen.

82 Keysight InfiniiVision 3000T X-Series Oscilloscopes User's Guide

When AC coupling is selected (see “To specify channel coupling" on
page 81) or excessive voltage is applied to the input, the oscilloscope
automatically switches to 1M Ohm mode to prevent possible damage.

• 1M Ohm — is for use with many passive probes and for general-purpose

measurements. The higher impedance minimizes the loading effect of the
oscilloscope on the device under test.

This impedance matching gives you the most accurate measurements because
reflections are minimized along the signal path.

See Also • For more information on probing, visit: www.keysight.com/find/scope_probes

• Information about selecting a probe can be found in document number

Keysight Oscilloscope Probes and Accessories Selection Guide (part number

5989-6162EN), available at www.keysight.com.

To specify bandwidth limiting

1 Press the desired channel key.
2 In the Channel Menu, press the BW Limit softkey to enable or disable bandwidth

limiting.

Vertical Controls 3

When bandwidth limit is on, the maximum bandwidth for the channel is
approximately 20 MHz. For waveforms with frequencies below this, turning
bandwidth limit on removes unwanted high frequency noise from the waveform.
The bandwidth limit also limits the trigger signal path of any channel that has BW
Limit turned on.

To change the vertical scale knob's coarse/fine adjustment setting

1 Push the channel's vertical scale knob (or press the channel key and then the

Fine softkey in the Channel Menu) to toggle between fine and coarse

adjustment of the vertical scale.

You can also do this using the touchscreen. See “Turn Channels On/Off and

Open Scale/Offset Dialogs" on page 55.

When Fine adjustment is selected, you can change the channel's vertical
sensitivity in smaller increments. The channel sensitivity remains fully calibrated
when Fine is on.

Keysight InfiniiVision 3000T X-Series Oscilloscopes User's Guide 83

3 Vertical Controls

The vertical scale value is displayed in the status line at the top of the display.

When Fine is turned off, turning the volts/division knob changes the channel
sensitivity in a 1-2-5 step sequence.

To invert a waveform

1 Press the desired channel key.
2 In the Channel Menu, press the Invert softkey to invert the selected channel.

When Invert is selected, the voltage values of the displayed waveform are inverted.

Invert affects how a channel is displayed. However, when using basic triggers, the
oscilloscope attempts to maintain the same trigger point by changing trigger
settings.

Inverting a channel also changes the result of any math function selected in the
Waveform Math Menu or any measurement.

Setting Analog Channel Probe Options

1 Press the probe's associated channel key.
2 In the Channel Menu, press the Probe softkey to display the Channel Probe

Menu.

This menu lets you select additional probe parameters such as attenuation
factor and units of measurement for the connected probe.

The Channel Probe Menu changes depending on the type of probe connected.

For passive probes (such as the N2862A/B, N2863A/B, N2889A, N2890A,
10073C, 10074C, or 1165A probes), the Probe Check softkey appears; it guides
you through the process of compensating probes.

84 Keysight InfiniiVision 3000T X-Series Oscilloscopes User's Guide

For some active probes (such as InfiniiMax probes), the oscilloscope can
accurately calibrate its analog channels for the probe. When you connect a
probe that can be calibrated, the Calibrate Probe softkey appears (and the probe
attenuation softkey may change). See “To calibrate a probe" on page 86.

See Also • “To specify the channel units" on page 85

• “To specify the probe attenuation" on page 85

• “To specify the probe skew" on page 86

To specify the channel units

1 Press the probe's associated channel key.
2 In the Channel Menu, press Probe.
3 In the Channel Probe Menu, press Units; then, select:

• Volts — for a voltage probe.

• Amps — for a current probe.

Channel sensitivity, trigger level, measurement results, and math functions will
reflect the measurement units you have selected.

Vertical Controls 3

To specify the probe attenuation

This is set automatically if the oscilloscope can identify the connected probe. See
Analog channel inputs (see page 43).

The probe attenuation factor must be set properly for accurate measurement
results.

If you connect a probe that is not automatically identified by the oscilloscope, you
can manually set the attenuation factor as follows:

1 Press the channel key.
2 Press the Probe softkey until you have selected how you want to specify the

attenuation factor, choosing either Ratio or Decibels.

3 Turn the Entry knob to set the attenuation factor for the connected probe.

When measuring voltage values, the attenuation factor can be set from 0.001:1 to
10000:1 in a 1-2-5 sequence.

When measuring current values with a current probe, the attenuation factor can
be set from 10 V/A to 0.0001 V/A.

Keysight InfiniiVision 3000T X-Series Oscilloscopes User's Guide 85

3 Vertical Controls

To specify the probe skew

When specifying the attenuation factor in decibels, you can select values from

-20 dB to 80 dB.

If Amps is chosen as the units and a manual attenuation factor is chosen, then the
units as well as the attenuation factor are displayed above the Probe softkey.

When measuring time intervals in the nanoseconds (ns) range, small differences in
cable length can affect the measurement. Use Skew to remove cable-delay errors
between any two channels.

1 Probe the same point with both probes.
2 Press one of the probes associated channel key.
3 In the Channel Menu, press Probe.
4 In the Channel Probe Menu, press Skew; then, select the desired skew value.

Each analog channel can be adjusted ±100 ns in 10 ps increments for a total of
200 ns difference.

The skew setting is not affected by pressing [Default Setup] or [Auto Scale].

To calibrate a probe

The Calibrate Probe softkey guides you through the process of calibrating probes.

For certain active probes, such as InfiniiMax probes, the oscilloscope can
accurately calibrate its analog channels for the probe. When you connect a probe
that can be calibrated, the Calibrate Probe softkey in the Channel Probe Menu
becomes active.

To calibrate one of these probes:
1 First, plug your probe into one of the oscilloscope channels.

This could be, for example, an InfiniiMax probe amplifier/probe head with
attenuators attached.

2 Connect the probe to the left side, Demo 2, Probe Comp terminal, and the

probe ground to the ground terminal.

86 Keysight InfiniiVision 3000T X-Series Oscilloscopes User's Guide

Vertical Controls 3

NOTE

When calibrating a differential probe, connect the positive lead to the Probe Comp terminal
and the negative lead to the ground terminal. You may need to connect an alligator clip to the
ground lug to allow a differential probe to span between the Probe Comp test point and
ground. A good ground connection ensures the most accurate probe calibration.

3 Press the Channel on/off key to turn the channel on (if the channel is off).
4 In the Channel Menu, press the Probe softkey.
5 In the Channel Probe Menu, the second softkey from the left is for specifying

your probe head (and attenuation). Repeatedly press this softkey until the
probe head selection matches the attenuator you are using.

The choices are:

• 10:1 single-ended browser (no attenuator).

• 10:1 differential browser (no attenuator).

• 10:1 (+6 dB Atten) single-ended browser.

• 10:1 (+6 dB Atten) differential browser.

• 10:1 (+12 dB Atten) single-ended browser.

• 10:1 (+12 dB Atten) differential browser.

• 10:1 (+20 dB Atten) single-ended browser.

• 10:1 (+20 dB Atten) differential browser.

6 Press the Calibrate Probe softkey and follow the instructions on the display.

For more information on InfiniiMax probes and accessories, see the probe's User's
Guide.

Keysight InfiniiVision 3000T X-Series Oscilloscopes User's Guide 87

3 Vertical Controls

88 Keysight InfiniiVision 3000T X-Series Oscilloscopes User's Guide

Keysight InfiniiVision 3000T X-Series Oscilloscopes

User's Guide

4 FFT Spectral Analysis

FFT is used to compute the fast Fourier transform using analog input channels or a
lower math function. FFT takes the digitized time record of the specified source
and transforms it to the frequency domain. When the FFT function is selected, the
FFT spectrum is plotted on the oscilloscope display as magnitude in dBV versus
frequency. The readout for the horizontal axis changes from time to frequency
(Hertz) and the vertical readout changes from volts to dB.

Use the FFT function to find crosstalk problems, to find distortion problems in
analog waveforms caused by amplifier non-linearity, or for adjusting analog filters.

To display a FFT waveform:
1 Press the [FFT] key.

• Source 1 — selects the source for the FFT.

• Display — selects one of these FFT waveform display modes:

• Normal — this is the FFT waveform without any averaging or hold functions

applied. This is how FFT math function waveforms are displayed.

• Averaged Value — the FFT waveform is averaged the selected number of

times. Averages are calculated using a "decaying average" approximation,
where:

next_average = current_average + (new_data - current_average)/N

Where N starts at 1 for the first acquisition and increments for each
following acquisition until it reaches the selected number of averages,
where it holds.

89

4 FFT Spectral Analysis

• Max Hold — records the maximum vertical values found at each horizontal

bucket across multiple analysis cycles and uses those values to build a
waveform. This display mode is often referred to as Max Envelope.

• Min Hold — records the minimum vertical values found at each horizontal

bucket across multiple analysis cycles and uses those values to build a
waveform. This display mode is often referred to as Min Envelope.

• Span/Center or Start Freq/Stop Freq — this pair of softkeys let you define the

displayed frequency range. Press the softkeys to toggle between:

• Span/Center — Span specifies the frequency range represented by the

width of the display. Divide span by 10 to calculate the frequency scale
per division. Center specifies the frequency at the center vertical grid line
of the display.

• Start Freq/Stop Freq — Start Freq specifies the frequency at the left side of

the display. Stop Freq specifies the frequency at the right side of the
display.

To set desired values, tap the softkey label on screen for a keypad entry
dialog or turn the Entry knob.

• More FFT — displays the More FFT Settings Menu.

2 Press the More FFT softkey to display additional FFT settings.

• Window— selects a window to apply to your FFT input signal:

• Hanning — window for making accurate frequency measurements or for

resolving two frequencies that are close together.

• Flat Top — window for making accurate amplitude measurements of

frequency peaks.

• Rectangular — good frequency resolution and amplitude accuracy, but use

only where there will be no leakage effects. Use on self-windowing
waveforms such as pseudo-random noise, impulses, sine bursts, and
decaying sinusoids.

• Blackman Harris — window reduces time resolution compared to a

rectangular window, but improves the capacity to detect smaller impulses
due to lower secondary lobes.

90 Keysight InfiniiVision 3000T X-Series Oscilloscopes User's Guide

FFT Spectral Analysis 4

NOTE

• Bartlett — (triangular, with end points at zero) window is similar to the

Hanning window in that it is good for making accurate frequency
measurements, but its higher and wider secondary lobes make it not quite
as good for resolving frequencies that are close together.

• Vertical Units — lets you select Decibels or V RMS as the units for the FFT

vertical scale.

• FFT Gating — when the zoomed time base is displayed, press this softkey to

select:

• No Gating — the FFT is performed on the source waveform in the upper

Main time base window.

• Gate By Zoom — the FFT is performed on the source waveform in the lower

Zoom window.

• Auto Setup — sets the frequency Span and Center to values that will cause

the entire available spectrum to be displayed. The maximum available
frequency is half the FFT sample rate, which is a function of the time per
division setting. The FFT resolution is the quotient of the sampling rate and
the number of FFT points (f

above the softkeys.

/N). The current FFT Resolution is displayed

S

Scale and offset considerations

If you do not manually change the FFT scale or offset settings, when you turn the horizontal
scale knob, the span and center frequency settings will automatically change to allow
optimum viewing of the full spectrum.

If you do manually set scale or offset, turning the horizontal scale knob will not change the
span or center frequency settings, allowing you see better detail around a specific frequency.

Pressing the FFT Auto Setup softkey will automatically rescale the waveform and span and
center will again automatically track the horizontal scale setting.

3 To make cursor measurements, press the [Cursors] key and set the Source

softkey to Math N.

Use the X1 and X2 cursors to measure frequency values and difference between
two frequency values (ΔX). Use the Y1 and Y2 cursors to measure amplitude in
dB and difference in amplitude (ΔY).

4 To make other measurements, press the [Meas] key and set the Source softkey to

Math N.

Keysight InfiniiVision 3000T X-Series Oscilloscopes User's Guide 91

4 FFT Spectral Analysis

You can make peak-to-peak, maximum, minimum, and average dB
measurements on the FFT waveform. You can also find the frequency value at
the first occurrence of the waveform maximum by using the X at Max Y
measurement.

To adjust the FFT waveform scale and offset
1 Make sure the multiplexed scale and position knobs above and below the [FFT]

key are selected for the FFT waveform.

If the arrow to the left of the [FFT] key is not illuminated, press the key.

2 Use the multiplexed scale and position knobs next to the [Math] key to re-size

and re-position the math waveform.

The following FFT spectrum was obtained by connecting a 2.5 V, 100 kHz square
wave to channel 4. Set the horizontal scale to 50 µs/div, vertical sensitivity to
1 V/div, Units/div to 20 dBV, Offset to -40.0 dBV, Center frequency to 500 kHz,
frequency Span to 1 MHz, and window to Hanning.

See Also • “Searching for FFT Peaks" on page 93

• “FFT Measurement Hints" on page 93

• “FFT Units" on page 95

• “FFT DC Value" on page 95

92 Keysight InfiniiVision 3000T X-Series Oscilloscopes User's Guide

• “FFT Aliasing" on page 95

• “FFT Spectral Leakage" on page 97

• “Units for Math Waveforms" on page 101

Searching for FFT Peaks

To search for FFT math function frequency peaks:

1 Press [Search].
2 In the Search Menu, press Search; then, turn the Entry knob to select Frequency

Peaks.
3 Press Source and select the FFT math function waveform to search.
4 Press Max # Peaks and specify the maximum number of FFT peaks to find.
5 Press Threshold and turn the Entry knob to specify the threshold level necessary

to be considered a peak.
6 Press Excursion to specify the amplitude above the FFT waveform's noise floor

necessary to be recognized as a peak.

Note that the FFT waveform's noise floor level differs when additional math

functions are applied to the FFT:

• When Averaged Value, Max Hold, or Min Hold are applied, the FFT waveform's

noise floor is more stable, and excursion level settings are more accurate.

• When no additional math functions are applied (normal), the FFT waveform's

noise floor is less stable and excursion level settings are less accurate.

FFT Spectral Analysis 4

White arrowheads at the top of the graticule show where FFT peaks are found.

When acquisitions are stopped, you can use the [Navigate] keys and cursors to look
at the search events found.

FFT Measurement Hints

The number of points acquired for the FFT record can be up to 65,536, and when
frequency span is at maximum, all points are displayed. Once the FFT spectrum is
displayed, the frequency span and center frequency controls are used much like
the controls of a spectrum analyzer to examine the frequency of interest in greater

Keysight InfiniiVision 3000T X-Series Oscilloscopes User's Guide 93

4 FFT Spectral Analysis

NOTE

detail. Place the desired part of the waveform at the center of the screen and
decrease frequency span to increase the display resolution. As frequency span is
decreased, the number of points shown is reduced, and the display is magnified.

While the FFT spectrum is displayed, use the [Math] and [Cursors] keys to switch
between measurement functions and frequency domain controls in FFT Menu.

FFT Resolution

The FFT resolution is the quotient of the sampling rate and the number of FFT points (fS/N).
With a fixed number of FFT points (up to 65,536), the lower the sampling rate, the better the
resolution.

Decreasing the effective sampling rate by selecting a greater time/div setting will
increase the low frequency resolution of the FFT display and also increase the
chance that an alias will be displayed. The resolution of the FFT is the effective
sample rate divided by the number of points in the FFT. The actual resolution of
the display will not be this fine as the shape of the window will be the actual
limiting factor in the FFTs ability to resolve two closely space frequencies. A good
way to test the ability of the FFT to resolve two closely spaced frequencies is to
examine the sidebands of an amplitude modulated sine wave.

For the best vertical accuracy on peak measurements:

• Make sure the probe attenuation is set correctly. The probe attenuation is set
from the Channel Menu if the operand is a channel.

• Set the source sensitivity so that the input signal is near full screen, but not
clipped.

•Use the Flat Top window.

• Set the FFT sensitivity to a sensitive range, such as 2 dB/division.

For best frequency accuracy on peaks:

• Use the Hanning window.

• Use Cursors to place an X cursor on the frequency of interest.

• Adjust frequency span for better cursor placement.

• Return to the Cursors Menu to fine tune the X cursor.

94 Keysight InfiniiVision 3000T X-Series Oscilloscopes User's Guide

FFT Units

NOTE

FFT Spectral Analysis 4

For more information on the use of FFTs please refer to Keysight Application Note
243, The Fundamentals of Signal Analysis at

http://literature.cdn.keysight.com/litweb/pdf/5952-8898E.pd f. Additional

information can be obtained from Chapter 4 of the book Spectrum and Network
Measurements by Robert A. Witte.

FFT (Magnitude)

Units

FFT (Phase) Units In this case, the vertical units are degrees or radians.

FFT units are displayed as dB.

FFT DC Value

The FFT computation produces a DC value that is incorrect. It does not take the
offset at center screen into account. The DC value is not corrected in order to
accurately represent frequency components near DC.

FFT Aliasing

When using FFTs, it is important to be aware of frequency aliasing. This requires
that the operator have some knowledge as to what the frequency domain should
contain, and also consider the sampling rate, frequency span, and oscilloscope
vertical bandwidth when making FFT measurements. The FFT resolution (the
quotient of the sampling rate and the number of FFT points) is displayed directly
above the softkeys when the FFT Menu is displayed.

Nyquist Frequency and Aliasing in the Frequency Domain

The Nyquist frequency is the highest frequency that any real-time digitizing oscilloscope can
acquire without aliasing. This frequency is half of the sample rate. Frequencies above the
Nyquist frequency will be under sampled, which causes aliasing. The Nyquist frequency is also
called the folding frequency because aliased frequency components fold back from that
frequency when viewing the frequency domain.

Keysight InfiniiVision 3000T X-Series Oscilloscopes User's Guide 95

4 FFT Spectral Analysis

Aliasing happens when there are frequency components in the signal higher than
half the sample rate. Because the FFT spectrum is limited by this frequency, any
higher components are displayed at a lower (aliased) frequency.

The following figure illustrates aliasing. This is the spectrum of a 990 Hz square
wave, which has many harmonics. The horizontal time/div setting for the square
wave sets the sample rate and results in a FFT resolution of 1.91 Hz. The displayed
FFT spectrum waveform shows the components of the input signal above the
Nyquist frequency to be mirrored (aliased) on the display and reflected off the right
edge.

Figure 5 Aliasing

Because the frequency span goes from ≈ 0 to the Nyquist frequency, the best way
to prevent aliasing is to make sure that the frequency span is greater than the
frequencies of significant energy present in the input signal.

96 Keysight InfiniiVision 3000T X-Series Oscilloscopes User's Guide

FFT Spectral Leakage

The FFT operation assumes that the time record repeats. Unless there is an
integral number of cycles of the sampled waveform in the record, a discontinuity is
created at the end of the record. This is referred to as leakage. In order to minimize
spectral leakage, windows that approach zero smoothly at the beginning and end
of the signal are employed as filters to the FFT. The FFT Menu provides these
windows: Hanning, Flat Top, Rectangular, Blackman-Harris, and Bartlett. For
more information on leakage, see Keysight Application Note 243, The
Fundamentals of Signal Analysis at

http://literature.cdn.keysight.com/litweb/pdf/5952-8898E.pd f.

FFT Spectral Analysis 4

Keysight InfiniiVision 3000T X-Series Oscilloscopes User's Guide 97

4 FFT Spectral Analysis

98 Keysight InfiniiVision 3000T X-Series Oscilloscopes User's Guide

Keysight InfiniiVision 3000T X-Series Oscilloscopes

User's Guide

5 Math Waveforms

To display math waveforms / 99
To adjust the math waveform scale and offset / 101
Units for Math Waveforms / 101
Math Operators / 102
Math Transforms / 104
Math Filters / 118
Math Visualizations / 121

In addition to the dedicated FFT function (see Chapter 4, “FFT Spectral Analysis,”
starting on page 89), you can define two other math functions. One math function
waveform can be displayed at a time. The math function waveform is displayed in
light purple.

Math functions can be performed on analog channels or they can be performed on
lower math functions when using operators other than add, subtract, multiply, or
divide.

To display math waveforms

1 Press the [Math] key on the front panel to display the Waveform Math Menu.

2 Press the Display Math softkey and turn the Entry knob to select the math

function you want to display. Then, either push the Entry knob or press the
Display Math softkey again to display the selected math function.

99

5 Math Waveforms

TIP

3 Use the Operator softkey to select an operator, transform, filter, or visualization.

For more information on the operators, see:

• “Math Operators" on page 102

• “Math Transforms" on page 104

• “Math Filters" on page 118

• “Math Visualizations" on page 121

4 Use the Source 1 softkey to select the analog channel, lower math function, or

reference waveform on which to perform math. You can rotate the Entry knob or
repetitively press the Source 1 softkey to make your selection.

Higher math functions can operate on lower math functions when using
operators other than the simple arithmetic operations (+, -, *, /). For example, if
Math 1 is set up as a subtract operation between channels 1 and 2, the Math 2
function could be set up as a FFT operation on the Math 1 function. These are
called cascaded math functions.

To cascade math functions, select the lower math function using the Source 1
softkey.

100 Keysight InfiniiVision 3000T X-Series Oscilloscopes User's Guide

When cascading math functions, to get the most accurate results, be sure to vertically scale
lower math functions so that their waveforms take up the full screen without being clipped.

5 If you selected an arithmetic operator for the math function, use the Source 2

softkey to select the second source for the arithmetic operation.

6 To re-size and re-position the math waveform, see “To adjust the math

waveform scale and offset" on page 101.