Keysight MSO-X 3032A, MSO-X 3014A, MSO-X 3054A, MSO-X 3034A, MSO-X 3052A User Manual

...

Keysight InfiniiVision 3000 X-Series Oscilloscopes

User's Guide

Notices

No part of this manual may be reproduced in any form or by any means (including electronic storage and retrieval or translation into a foreign language) without prior agreement and written consent from Keysight Technologies, Inc. as governed by United States and international copyright laws.

Manual Part Number

75019-97112

Edition

Twelfth edition, June 2019

Printed in Malaysia Published by:

Keysight Technologies, Inc. 1900 Garden of the Gods Road Colorado Springs, CO 80907 USA

Print History

75019-97000, January 2011

75019-97013, February 2011

75019-97014, June 2011

75019-97027, October 2011

75019-97040, February 2012

75019-97051, March 2012

75019-97062, July 2012

75019-97073, April 2013

75019-97087, April 2017

75019-97088, August 2017

75019-97101, February 2019

75019-97112, June 2019

Warranty

The material contained in this document is provided "as is," and is subject to being changed, without notice, in future editions. Further, to the maximum extent permitted by applicable law, Keysight disclaims all

warranties, either express or implied, with regard to this manual and any information contained herein, including but not limited to the implied warranties of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose. Keysight shall not be liable for errors or for incidental or consequential damages in connection with the furnishing, use, or performance of this document or of any information contained herein. Should Keysight and the user have a separate written agreement with warranty terms covering the material in this document that conflict with these terms, the warranty terms in the separate agreement shall control.

Technology License

The hardware and/or software described in this document are furnished under a license and may be used or copied only in accordance with the terms of such license.

U.S. Government Rights

The Software is "commercial computer software," as defined by Federal Acquisition Regulation ("FAR") 2.101. Pursuant to FAR

12.212 and 27.405-3 and Department of Defense FAR Supplement ("DFARS")

227.7202, the U.S. government acquires commercial computer software under the same terms by which the software is customarily provided to the public. Accordingly, Keysight provides the Software to U.S. government customers under its standard commercial license, which is embodied in its End User License Agreement (EULA), a copy of which can be found at

www.keysight.com/find/sweula. The

license set forth in the EULA represents the exclusive authority by which the U.S. government may use, modify, distribute, or disclose the Software. The EULA and the license set forth therein, does not require or permit, among other things, that Keysight: (1) Furnish technical information related to commercial computer software or commercial computer software

documentation that is not customarily provided to the public; or (2) Relinquish to, or otherwise provide, the government rights in excess of these rights customarily provided to the public to use, modify, reproduce, release, perform, display, or disclose commercial computer software or commercial computer software documentation. No additional government requirements beyond those set forth in the EULA shall apply, except to the extent that those terms, rights, or licenses are explicitly required from all providers of commercial computer software pursuant to the FAR and the DFARS and are set forth specifically in writing elsewhere in the EULA. Keysight shall be under no obligation to update, revise or otherwise modify the Software. With respect to any technical data as defined by FAR

2.101, pursuant to FAR 12.211 and 27.404.2 and DFARS 227.7102, the U.S. government acquires no greater than Limited Rights as defined in FAR 27.401 or DFAR 227.7103-5 (c), as applicable in any technical data.

Safety Notices

This product has been designed and tested in accordance with accepted industry standards, and has been supplied in a safe condition. The documentation contains information and warnings that must be followed by the user to ensure safe operation and to maintain the product in a safe condition.

2 Keysight InfiniiVision 3000 X-Series Oscilloscopes User's Guide

CAUTION

A CAUTION notice denotes a hazard.

WARNING

It calls attention to an operating procedure, practice, or the like that, if not correctly performed or adhered to, could result in damage to the product or loss of important data. Do not proceed beyond a CAUTION notice until the indicated conditions are fully understood and met.

A WARNING notice denotes a hazard. It calls attention to an operating procedure, practice, or the like that, if not correctly performed or adhered to, could result in personal injury or death. Do not proceed beyond a WARNING notice until the indicated conditions are fully understood and met.

Keysight InfiniiVision 3000 X-Series Oscilloscopes User's Guide 3

InfiniiVision 3000 X-Series Oscilloscopes—At a Glance

Table 1 3000 X-Series Model Numbers, Bandwidths, Sample Rates

Bandwidth 100 MHz 200 MHz 350 MHz 500 MHz 1 GHz

Sample Rate (interleaved, non-interleaved)

2-Channel + 16 Logic Channels MSO

4-Channel + 16 Logic Channels MSO

2-Channel DSO DSO-X 3012A DSO-X 3032A DSO-X 3052A DSO-X 3102A

4-Channel DSO DSO-X 3014A DSO-X 3024A DSO-X 3034A DSO-X 3054A DSO-X 3104A

4 GSa/s, 2 GSa/s

MSO-X 3012A MSO-X 3032A MSO-X 3052A MSO-X 3102A

MSO-X 3014A MSO-X 3024A MSO-X 3034A MSO-X 3054A MSO-X 3104A

4 GSa/s, 2 GSa/s

5 GSa/s,

2.5 GSa/s

The Keysight InfiniiVision 3000 X-Series oscilloscopes deliver these features:

• 100 MHz, 200 MHz, 350 MHz, 500 MHz, and 1 GHz bandwidth models.

• 2- and 4-channel digital storage oscilloscope (DSO) models.

4 Keysight InfiniiVision 3000 X-Series Oscilloscopes User's Guide

• 2+16-channel and 4+16-channel mixed-signal oscilloscope (MSO) models.

An MSO lets you debug your mixed-signal designs using analog signals and tightly correlated digital signals simultaneously. The 16 digital channels have a 1 GSa/s sample rate (1.25 GSa/s for the 1 GHz models), with a 50 MHz toggle rate.

•8.5 inch WVGA display.

• Interleaved 2 Mpts or non-interleaved 1 Mpts MegaZoom IV memory for the fastest waveform update rates, uncompromised. Upgradeable to 4 Mpts/2 Mpts.

• All knobs are pushable for making quick selections.

• Trigger types: edge, edge then edge, pulse width, pattern, OR, rise/fall time, Nth edge burst, runt, setup & hold, video, and USB.

• Serial decode/trigger options for: CAN/LIN, FlexRay, I UART/RS232, and MIL-STD-1553/ARINC 429. Lister for serial decode

• Math waveforms: add, subtract, multiply, FFT, d/dt, integrate, and square root. With the advanced math option, you get these additional math waveforms: Ax+B, square, absolute value, common logarithm, natural logarithm, exponential, base 10 exponential, low pass filter, high pass filter, magnify, measurement trend, chart logic bus timing, and chart logic bus state.

• Reference waveform locations (2) for comparing with other channel or math waveforms.

• Many built-in measurements and a measurement statistics display.

• Built-in license-enabled waveform generator with: arbitrary, sine, square, ramp, pulse, DC, noise, sine cardinal, exponential rise, exponential fall, cardiac, and gaussian pulse.

• USB ports make printing, saving and sharing data easy.

• Optional LAN/VGA module for connecting to a network and displaying the screen on a different monitor.

• Optional GPIB module.

• A Quick Help system is built into the oscilloscope. Press and hold any key to display Quick Help. Complete instructions for using the quick help system are given in "Access the Built-In Quick Help" on page 46.

C/SPI, I2S,

For more information about InfiniiVision oscilloscopes, see:

www.keysight.com/find/scope

Keysight InfiniiVision 3000 X-Series Oscilloscopes User's Guide 5

In This Guide

This guide shows how to use the InfiniiVision 3000 X-Series oscilloscopes.

When unpacking and using the oscilloscope for the first time, see:

When displaying waveforms and acquired data, see:

When setting up triggers or changing how data is acquired, see:

Making measurements and analyzing data:

• Chapter 1, “Getting Started,” starting on page 25

• Chapter 2, “Horizontal Controls,” starting on page 49

• Chapter 3, “Vertical Controls,” starting on page 63

• Chapter 4, “Math Waveforms,” starting on page 73

• Chapter 5, “Reference Waveforms,” starting on page

101

• Chapter 6, “Digital Channels,” starting on page 105

• Chapter 7, “Serial Decode,” starting on page 123

• Chapter 8, “Display Settings,” starting on page 129

• Chapter 9, “Labels,” starting on page 135

• Chapter 10, “Triggers,” starting on page 141

• Chapter 11, “Trigger Mode/Coupling,” starting on

page 175

• Chapter 12, “Acquisition Control,” starting on page

183

• Chapter 13, “Cursors,” starting on page 201

• Chapter 14, “Measurements,” starting on page 211

• Chapter 15, “Mask Testing,” starting on page 239

• Chapter 16, “Digital Voltmeter,” starting on page 253

When using the built-in license enabled waveform generator, see:

When saving, recalling, or printing, see:

When using the oscilloscope's utility functions or web interface, see:

• Chapter 17, “Waveform Generator,” starting on page

257

• Chapter 18, “Save/Recall (Setups, Screens, Data),”

starting on page 273

• Chapter 19, “Print (Screens),” starting on page 285

• Chapter 20, “Utility Settings,” starting on page 291

• Chapter 21, “Web Interface,” starting on page 311

6 Keysight InfiniiVision 3000 X-Series Oscilloscopes User's Guide

For reference information, see: • Chapter 22, “Reference,” starting on page 325

NOTE

When using licensed serial bus triggering and decode features, see:

• Chapter 23, “CAN/LIN Triggering and Serial Decode,”

starting on page 345

• Chapter 24, “FlexRay Triggering and Serial Decode,”

starting on page 361

• Chapter 25, “I2C/SPI Triggering and Serial Decode,”

starting on page 371

• Chapter 26, “I2S Triggering and Serial Decode,”

starting on page 389

• Chapter 27, “MIL-STD-1553/ARINC 429 Triggering

and Serial Decode,” starting on page 399

• Chapter 28, “UART/RS232 Triggering and Serial

Decode,” starting on page 415

Abbreviated instructions for pressing a series of keys and softkeys

Instructions for pressing a series of keys are written in an abbreviated manner. Instructions for pressing [Key1], then pressing Softkey2, then pressing Softkey3 are abbreviated as follows:

Press [Key1]> Softkey2 > Softkey3.

The keys may be a front panel [Key] or a Softkey. Softkeys are the six keys located directly below the oscilloscope display.

Keysight InfiniiVision 3000 X-Series Oscilloscopes User's Guide 7

8 Keysight InfiniiVision 3000 X-Series Oscilloscopes User's Guide

InfiniiVision 3000 X-Series Oscilloscopes—At a Glance / 4

In This Guide / 6

1 Getting Started

Inspect the Package Contents / 25

Install the Optional LAN/VGA or GPIB Module / 28

Tilt the Oscilloscope for Easy Viewing / 28

Power-On the Oscilloscope / 29

Connect Probes to the Oscilloscope / 30

Maximum input voltage at analog inputs / 31

Do not float the oscilloscope chassis / 31

Input a Waveform / 31

Recall the Default Oscilloscope Setup / 32

Use Auto Scale / 32

Compensate Passive Probes / 34

Learn the Front Panel Controls and Connectors / 35

Front Panel Overlays for Different Languages / 41

Learn the Rear Panel Connectors / 43

Learn the Oscilloscope Display / 45

Access the Built-In Quick Help / 46

Keysight InfiniiVision 3000 X-Series Oscilloscopes User's Guide 9

2 Horizontal Controls

To adjust the horizontal (time/div) scale / 50

To adjust the horizontal delay (position) / 51

Panning and Zooming Single or Stopped Acquisitions / 52

To change the horizontal time mode (Normal, XY, or Roll) / 52

To display the zoomed time base / 56

To change the horizontal scale knob's coarse/fine adjustment

To position the time reference (left, center, right) / 58

Searching for Events / 58

Navigating the Time Base / 60

XY Time Mode / 53

setting / 57

To set up searches / 59 To copy search setups / 59

To navigate time / 60 To navigate search events / 60 To navigate segments / 61

3 Vertical Controls

To turn waveforms on or off (channel or math) / 64

To adjust the vertical scale / 65

To adjust the vertical position / 65

To specify channel coupling / 65

To specify channel input impedance / 66

To specify bandwidth limiting / 67

To change the vertical scale knob's coarse/fine adjustment

setting / 67

To invert a waveform / 68

10 Keysight InfiniiVision 3000 X-Series Oscilloscopes User's Guide

Setting Analog Channel Probe Options / 68

4Math Waveforms

To display math waveforms / 73

To perform transforms or filters on an arithmetic operation / 75

To adjust the math waveform scale and offset / 75

Units for Math Waveforms / 75

Math Operators / 76

Math Transforms / 78

To specify the channel units / 69 To specify the probe attenuation / 69 To specify the probe skew / 70 To calibrate a probe / 70

Add or Subtract / 76 Multiply or Divide / 77

Differentiate / 79 Integrate / 80 FFT Measurement / 83 Square Root / 90 Ax + B / 90 Square / 91 Absolute Value / 92 Common Logarithm / 92 Natural Logarithm / 93 Exponential / 93 Base 10 Exponential / 93

Math Filters / 94

High Pass and Low Pass Filter / 94

Math Visualizations / 95

Magnify / 96

Keysight InfiniiVision 3000 X-Series Oscilloscopes User's Guide 11

Measurement Trend / 96 Chart Logic Bus Timing / 98 Chart Logic Bus State / 99

5 Reference Waveforms

To save a waveform to a reference waveform location / 101

To display a reference waveform / 102

To scale and position reference waveforms / 103

To adjust reference waveform skew / 103

To display reference waveform information / 104

To save/recall reference waveform files to/from a USB storage

device / 104

6 Digital Channels

To connect the digital probes to the device under test / 105

Probe cable for digital channels / 106

Acquiring waveforms using the digital channels / 109

To display digital channels using AutoScale / 109

Interpreting the digital waveform display / 110

To change the displayed size of the digital channels / 111

To switch a single channel on or off / 112

To switch all digital channels on or off / 112

To switch groups of channels on or off / 112

To change the logic threshold for digital channels / 112

To reposition a digital channel / 113

To display digital channels as a bus / 114

12 Keysight InfiniiVision 3000 X-Series Oscilloscopes User's Guide

7Serial Decode

8 Display Settings

Digital channel signal fidelity: Probe impedance and

grounding / 117 Input Impedance / 117 Probe Grounding / 119 Best Probing Practices / 121

Serial Decode Options / 123

Lister / 124

Searching Lister Data / 126

To adjust waveform intensity / 129

To set or clear persistence / 131

To clear the display / 132

To select the grid type / 132

To adjust the grid intensity / 133

To freeze the display / 133

9Labels

To turn the label display on or off / 135

To assign a predefined label to a channel / 136

To define a new label / 137

To load a list of labels from a text file you create / 138

To reset the label library to the factory default / 139

10 Triggers

Adjusting the Trigger Level / 142

Forcing a Trigger / 143

Keysight InfiniiVision 3000 X-Series Oscilloscopes User's Guide 13

Edge Trigger / 144

Edge then Edge Trigger / 146

Pulse Width Trigger / 147

Pattern Trigger / 150

Hex Bus Pattern Trigger / 152

OR Trigger / 153

Rise/Fall Time Trigger / 154

Nth Edge Burst Trigger / 155

Runt Trigger / 157

Setup and Hold Trigger / 159

Video Trigger / 160

To set up Generic video triggers / 164 To trigger on a specific line of video / 165 To trigger on all sync pulses / 166 To trigger on a specific field of the video signal / 167 To trigger on all fields of the video signal / 168 To trigger on odd or even fields / 169

USB Trigger / 172

Serial Trigger / 174

11 Trigger Mode/Coupling

To select the Auto or Normal trigger mode / 176

To select the trigger coupling / 177

To enable or disable trigger noise rejection / 179

To enable or disable trigger HF Reject / 179

To set the trigger holdoff / 180

External Trigger Input / 180

14 Keysight InfiniiVision 3000 X-Series Oscilloscopes User's Guide

12 Acquisition Control

Running, Stopping, and Making Single Acquisitions (Run

Overview of Sampling / 184

Selecting the Acquisition Mode / 189

Acquiring to Segmented Memory / 195

Maximum voltage at oscilloscope external trigger input / 181

Control) / 183

Sampling Theory / 185 Aliasing / 185 Oscilloscope Bandwidth and Sample Rate / 185 Oscilloscope Rise Time / 187 Oscilloscope Bandwidth Required / 188 Memory Depth and Sample Rate / 189

Normal Acquisition Mode / 190 Peak Detect Acquisition Mode / 190 Averaging Acquisition Mode / 193 High Resolution Acquisition Mode / 195

Navigating Segments / 197 Measurements, Statistics, and Infinite Persistence with

Segmented Memory / 197 Segmented Memory Re-Arm Time / 198 Saving Data from Segmented Memory / 198

13 Cursors

To make cursor measurements / 202

Cursor Examples / 205

14 Measurements

To make automatic measurements / 212

Keysight InfiniiVision 3000 X-Series Oscilloscopes User's Guide 15

Measurements Summary / 214

Snapshot All / 217

Voltage Measurements / 218

Peak-Peak / 219 Maximum / 219 Minimum / 219 Amplitude / 219 Top / 219 Base / 220 Overshoot / 220 Preshoot / 222 Average / 222 DC RMS / 223 AC RMS / 223 Ratio / 225

Time Measurements / 225

Period / 226 Frequency / 226 Counter / 227 + Width / 228 – Width / 228 Bit Rate / 228 Burst Width / 228 Duty Cycle / 228 Rise Time / 229 Fall Time / 229 Delay / 229 Phase / 230 X at Min Y / 232 X at Max Y / 232

Count Measurements / 232

Positive Pulse Count / 232

16 Keysight InfiniiVision 3000 X-Series Oscilloscopes User's Guide

15 Mask Testing

Negative Pulse Count / 233 Rising Edge Count / 233 Falling Edges Count / 233

Mixed Measurements / 234

Area / 234

Measurement Thresholds / 234

Measurement Window with Zoom Display / 236

Measurement Statistics / 236

To create a mask from a "golden" waveform (Automask) / 239

Mask Test Setup Options / 241

Mask Statistics / 244

To manually modify a mask file / 245

Building a Mask File / 248

How is mask testing done? / 251

16 Digital Voltmeter

17 Waveform Generator

To select generated waveform types and settings / 257

To edit arbitrary waveforms / 261

Creating New Arbitrary Waveforms / 262 Editing Existing Arbitrary Waveforms / 263 Capturing Other Waveforms to the Arbitrary Waveform / 265

To output the waveform generator sync pulse / 265

To specify the expected output load / 266

To use waveform generator logic presets / 266

Keysight InfiniiVision 3000 X-Series Oscilloscopes User's Guide 17

To add noise to the waveform generator output / 267

To add modulation to the waveform generator output / 267

To set up Amplitude Modulation (AM) / 268 To set up Frequency Modulation (FM) / 269 To set up Frequency-Shift Keying Modulation (FSK) / 271

To restore waveform generator defaults / 272

18 Save/Recall (Setups, Screens, Data)

Saving Setups, Screen Images, or Data / 273

To save setup files / 275 To save BMP or PNG image files / 275 To save CSV, ASCII XY, or BIN data files / 276 Length Control / 277 To save Lister data files / 278 To save reference waveform files to a USB storage device / 279 To save masks / 279 To save arbitrary waveforms / 279 To navigate storage locations / 280 To enter file names / 280

Recalling Setups, Masks, or Data / 281

To recall setup files / 282 To recall mask files / 282 To recall reference waveform files from a USB storage

device / 282 To recall arbitrary waveforms / 283

Recalling Default Setups / 283

Performing a Secure Erase / 284

19 Print (Screens)

To print the oscilloscope's display / 285

To set up network printer connections / 286

18 Keysight InfiniiVision 3000 X-Series Oscilloscopes User's Guide

20 Utility Settings

To specify the print options / 288

To specify the palette option / 288

I/O Interface Settings / 291

Setting up the Oscilloscope's LAN Connection / 292

To establish a LAN connection / 293 Stand-alone (Point-to-Point) Connection to a PC / 294

File Explorer / 295

Setting Oscilloscope Preferences / 297

To choose "expand about" center or ground / 297 To disable/enable transparent backgrounds / 298 To load the default label library / 298 To set up the screen saver / 298 To set AutoScale preferences / 299

Setting the Oscilloscope's Clock / 300

Setting the Rear Panel TRIG OUT Source / 300

Performing Service Tasks / 301

To perform user calibration / 301 To perform hardware self test / 304 To perform front panel self test / 305 To display oscilloscope information / 305 To display the user calibration status / 305 To clean the oscilloscope / 305 To check warranty and extended services status / 306 To contact Keysight / 306 To return the instrument / 306

Configuring the [Quick Action] Key / 307

Adding an Annotation / 308

Keysight InfiniiVision 3000 X-Series Oscilloscopes User's Guide 19

21 Web Interface

22 Reference

Accessing the Web Interface / 312

Browser Web Control / 313

Browser-Based Remote Front Panel / 314 Remote Programming via the Web Interface / 314 Remote Programming with Keysight IO Libraries / 316

Save/Recall / 316

Saving Files via the Web Interface / 316 Recalling Files via the Web Interface / 318

Get Image / 318

Identification Function / 319

Instrument Utilities / 320

Setting a Password / 321

Specifications and Characteristics / 325

Measurement Category / 325

Oscilloscope Measurement Category / 325 Measurement Category Definitions / 326 Maximum Input Voltages / 326

Maximum input voltage at analog inputs / 326

Maximum input voltage at digital channels / 327

Environmental Conditions / 327

Probes and Accessories / 328

Loading Licenses and Displaying License Information / 328

Licensed Options Available / 329 Other Options Available / 331

20 Keysight InfiniiVision 3000 X-Series Oscilloscopes User's Guide

Upgrading to an MSO / 331

Software and Firmware Updates / 331

Binary Data (.bin) Format / 331

Binary Data in MATLAB / 332 Binary Header Format / 333 Example Program for Reading Binary Data / 335 Examples of Binary Files / 335

CSV and ASCII XY files / 338

CSV and ASCII XY file structure / 339 Minimum and Maximum Values in CSV Files / 339

Acknowledgements / 340

Product Markings and Regulatory Information / 342

23 CAN/LIN Triggering and Serial Decode

Setup for CAN Signals / 345

CAN Triggering / 347

CAN Serial Decode / 349

Interpreting CAN Decode / 350 CAN Totalizer / 351 Interpreting CAN Lister Data / 352 Searching for CAN Data in the Lister / 353

Setup for LIN Signals / 353

LIN Triggering / 355

LIN Serial Decode / 356

Interpreting LIN Decode / 358 Interpreting LIN Lister Data / 359 Searching for LIN Data in the Lister / 360

Keysight InfiniiVision 3000 X-Series Oscilloscopes User's Guide 21

24 FlexRay Triggering and Serial Decode

Setup for FlexRay Signals / 361

FlexRay Triggering / 362

Triggering on FlexRay Frames / 363 Triggering on FlexRay Errors / 364 Triggering on FlexRay Events / 364

FlexRay Serial Decode / 365

Interpreting FlexRay Decode / 366 FlexRay Totalizer / 367 Interpreting FlexRay Lister Data / 368 Searching for FlexRay Data in the Lister / 368

25 I2C/SPI Triggering and Serial Decode

Setup for I2C Signals / 371

I2C Triggering / 372

I2C Serial Decode / 376

Interpreting I2C Decode / 377 Interpreting I2C Lister Data / 378 Searching for I2C Data in the Lister / 378

Setup for SPI Signals / 379

SPI Triggering / 383

SPI Serial Decode / 385

Interpreting SPI Decode / 386 Interpreting SPI Lister Data / 387 Searching for SPI Data in the Lister / 387

26 I2S Triggering and Serial Decode

Setup for I2S Signals / 389

I2S Triggering / 392

22 Keysight InfiniiVision 3000 X-Series Oscilloscopes User's Guide

I2S Serial Decode / 395

Interpreting I2S Decode / 396 Interpreting I2S Lister Data / 397 Searching for I2S Data in the Lister / 397

27 MIL-STD-1553/ARINC 429 Triggering and Serial Decode

Setup for MIL-STD-1553 Signals / 399

MIL-STD-1553 Triggering / 401

MIL-STD-1553 Serial Decode / 402

Interpreting MIL-STD-1553 Decode / 403 Interpreting MIL-STD-1553 Lister Data / 404 Searching for MIL-STD-1553 Data in the Lister / 405

Setup for ARINC 429 Signals / 406

ARINC 429 Triggering / 407

ARINC 429 Serial Decode / 409

Interpreting ARINC 429 Decode / 411 ARINC 429 Totalizer / 412 Interpreting ARINC 429 Lister Data / 413 Searching for ARINC 429 Data in the Lister / 413

28 UART/RS232 Triggering and Serial Decode

Setup for UART/RS232 Signals / 415

UART/RS232 Triggering / 417

UART/RS232 Serial Decode / 419

Interpreting UART/RS232 Decode / 420 UART/RS232 Totalizer / 421 Interpreting UART/RS232 Lister Data / 422 Searching for UART/RS232 Data in the Lister / 422

Index

Keysight InfiniiVision 3000 X-Series Oscilloscopes User's Guide 23

24 Keysight InfiniiVision 3000 X-Series Oscilloscopes User's Guide

Keysight InfiniiVision 3000 X-Series Oscilloscopes

User's Guide

1 Getting Started

Inspect the Package Contents / 25 Tilt the Oscilloscope for Easy Viewing / 28 Power-On the Oscilloscope / 29 Connect Probes to the Oscilloscope / 30 Input a Waveform / 31 Recall the Default Oscilloscope Setup / 32 Use Auto Scale / 32 Compensate Passive Probes / 34 Learn the Front Panel Controls and Connectors / 35 Learn the Rear Panel Connectors / 43 Learn the Oscilloscope Display / 45 Access the Built-In Quick Help / 46

This chapter describes the steps you take when using the oscilloscope for the first time.

Inspect the Package Contents

• Inspect the shipping container for damage.

If your shipping container appears to be damaged, keep the shipping container or cushioning material until you have inspected the contents of the shipment for completeness and have checked the oscilloscope mechanically and electrically.

• Verify that you received the following items and any optional accessories you may have ordered:

1 Getting Started

• InfiniiVision 3000 X-Series oscilloscope.

• Power cord (country of origin determines specific type).

• Oscilloscope probes:

• Two probes for 2-channel models.

• Four probes for 4-channel models.

• Documentation CD-ROM.

26 Keysight InfiniiVision 3000 X-Series Oscilloscopes User's Guide

Getting Started 1

InfiniiVision 3000 X-Series oscilloscope

Power cord (Based on country of origin)

Documentation CD

N2841A, N2842A, or N2843A probes (Qty 2 or 4)

N2756-60001 Digital Probe Kit (MSO models only)

Keysight InfiniiVision 3000 X-Series Oscilloscopes User's Guide 27

See Also • "Probes and Accessories" on page 328

1 Getting Started

NOTE

Install the Optional LAN/VGA or GPIB Module

If you need to install a DSOXLAN LAN/VGA module or a DSOXGPIB GPIB module, perform this installation before you power on the oscilloscope.

1 If you need to remove a module before installing a different module, pinch the

module's spring tabs, and gently remove the module from the slot.

2 To install a module, slide the module into the slot on the back until it is fully

seated.

The module's spring tabs will latch into the slot, keeping the module in place.

LAN/VGA Module

Module Slot

GPIB Module

L6GC>C</B6>CI6>C <GDJC9ID 6KD>9 :A:8IG>8H=D8@

&%%"&'%K!*%$+%$)%%=o

&%%"')%K!*%$+%=o

&%% LViihB6M

The LAN/VGA or GPIB module must be installed before powering on the oscilloscope.

Tilt the Oscilloscope for Easy Viewing

There are tabs under the oscilloscope's front feet that can be flipped out to tilt the oscilloscope.

28 Keysight InfiniiVision 3000 X-Series Oscilloscopes User's Guide

Getting Started 1

Flip-Out Tabs

CAUTION

Power-On the Oscilloscope

Power

Requirements

Ventilation

Requirements

Keysight InfiniiVision 3000 X-Series Oscilloscopes User's Guide 29

Line voltage, frequency, and power:

• ~Line 100-120 Vac, 50/60/400 Hz

• 100-240 Vac, 50/60 Hz

• 100 W max

This instrument has auto-ranging line voltage input. Be sure the supply voltage is within the specified range and voltage fluctuations do not to exceed 10 percent of the nominal supply voltage.

The air intake and exhaust areas must be free from obstructions. Unrestricted air flow is required for proper cooling. Always ensure that the air intake and exhaust areas are free from obstructions.

The fan draws air in from the left side and bottom of the oscilloscope and pushes it out behind the oscilloscope.

1 Getting Started

WARNING

When using the oscilloscope in a bench-top setting, provide at least 2" clearance at the sides and 4" (100 mm) clearance above and behind the oscilloscope for proper cooling.

To po wer-on the

oscilloscope

1 Connect the power cord to the rear of the oscilloscope, then to a suitable AC

voltage source. Route the power cord so the oscilloscope's feet and legs do not pinch the cord.

Install the instrument so that the detachable power cord is readily identifiable and is easily reached by the operator. The detachable power cord is the instrument disconnecting device. It disconnects the mains circuits from the mains supply before other parts of the instrument. The front panel switch is only a standby switch and is not a LINE switch. Alternatively, an externally installed switch or circuit breaker (which is readily identifiable and is easily reached by the operator) may be used as a disconnecting device.

2 The oscilloscope automatically adjusts for input line voltages in the range 100

to 240 VAC. The line cord provided is matched to the country of origin.

Always use a grounded power cord. Do not defeat the power cord ground.

3 Press the power switch.

The power switch is located on the lower left corner of the front panel. The oscilloscope will perform a self-test and will be operational in a few seconds.

Connect Probes to the Oscilloscope

30 Keysight InfiniiVision 3000 X-Series Oscilloscopes User's Guide

1 Connect the oscilloscope probe to an oscilloscope channel BNC connector. 2 Connect the probe's retractable hook tip to the point of interest on the circuit or

device under test. Be sure to connect the probe ground lead to a ground point on the circuit.

Getting Started 1

CAUTION

WARNING

Maximum input voltage at analog inputs

135 Vrms

Ω input: 5 Vrms Input protection is enabled in 50 Ω mode and the 50 Ω load will

50 disconnect if greater than 5 Vrms is detected. However the inputs could still be damaged, depending on the time constant of the signal. The 50 when the oscilloscope is powered on.

When measuring voltages over 30 V, use a 10:1 probe.

Do not float the oscilloscope chassis

Defeating the ground connection and "floating" the oscilloscope chassis will probably result in inaccurate measurements and may also cause equipment damage. The probe ground lead is connected to the oscilloscope chassis and the ground wire in the power cord. If you need to measure between two live points, use a differential probe with sufficient dynamic range.

Ω input protection only functions

Input a Waveform

Keysight InfiniiVision 3000 X-Series Oscilloscopes User's Guide 31

Do not negate the protective action of the ground connection to the oscilloscope. The oscilloscope must remain grounded through its power cord. Defeating the ground creates an electric shock hazard.

The first signal to input to the oscilloscope is the Demo 2, Probe Comp signal. This signal is used for compensating probes.

1 Connect an oscilloscope probe from channel 1 to the Demo 2 (Probe Comp)

terminal on the front panel.

2 Connect the probe's ground lead to the ground terminal (next to the Demo 2

terminal).

1 Getting Started

Recall the Default Oscilloscope Setup

To recall the default oscilloscope setup: 1 Press [Default Setup].

The default setup restores the oscilloscope's default settings. This places the oscilloscope in a known operating condition. The major default settings are:

Table 2 Default Configuration Settings

Horizontal Normal mode, 100 µs/div scale, 0 s delay, center time reference.

Use Auto Scale

Vertical (Analog)

Trigger Edge trigger, Auto trigger mode, 0 V level, channel 1 source, DC coupling, rising

Display Persistence off, 20% grid intensity.

Other Acquire mode normal, [Run/Stop] to Run, cursors and measurements off.

Labels All custom labels that you have created in the Label Library are preserved (not

In the Save/Recall Menu, there are also options for restoring the complete factory settings (see "Recalling Default Setups" on page 283) or performing a secure erase (see "Performing a Secure Erase" on page 284).

Use [Auto Scale] to automatically configure the oscilloscope to best display the input signals.

1 Press [Auto Scale].

You should see a waveform on the oscilloscope's display similar to this:

Channel 1 on, 5 V/div scale, DC coupling, 0 V position, 1 M

edge slope, 40 ns holdoff time.

erased), but all channel labels will be set to their original names.

Ω impedance.

32 Keysight InfiniiVision 3000 X-Series Oscilloscopes User's Guide

Getting Started 1

2 If you want to return to the oscilloscope settings that existed before, press Undo

AutoScale.

3 If you want to enable "fast debug" autoscaling, change the channels

autoscaled, or preserve the acquisition mode during autoscale, press Fast Debug, Channels, or Acq Mode.

These are the same softkeys that appear in the AutoScale Preferences Menu. See "To set AutoScale preferences" on page 299.

If you see the waveform, but the square wave is not shaped correctly as shown above, perform the procedure "Compensate Passive Probes" on page 34.

If you do not see the waveform, make sure the probe is connected securely to the front panel channel input BNC and to the left side, Demo 2, Probe Comp terminal.

How AutoScale

Works

Keysight InfiniiVision 3000 X-Series Oscilloscopes User's Guide 33

Auto Scale analyzes any waveforms present at each channel and at the external trigger input. This includes the digital channels, if connected.

Auto Scale finds, turns on, and scales any channel with a repetitive waveform that has a frequency of at least 25 Hz, a duty cycle greater than 0.5%, and an amplitude of at least 10 mV peak-to-peak. Any channels that do not meet these requirements are turned off.

1 Getting Started

The trigger source is selected by looking for the first valid waveform starting with external trigger, then continuing with the lowest number analog channel up to the highest number analog channel, and finally (if digital probes are connected) the highest number digital channel.

During Auto Scale, the delay is set to 0.0 seconds, the horizontal time/div (sweep speed) setting is a function of the input signal (about 2 periods of the triggered signal on the screen), and the triggering mode is set to Edge.

Compensate Passive Probes

Each oscilloscope passive probe must be compensated to match the input characteristics of the oscilloscope channel to which it is connected. A poorly compensated probe can introduce significant measurement errors.

1 Input the Probe Comp signal (see "Input a Waveform" on page 31). 2 Press [Default Setup] to recall the default oscilloscope setup (see "Recall the

Default Oscilloscope Setup" on page 32).

3 Press [Auto Scale] to automatically configure the oscilloscope for the Probe

Comp signal (see "Use Auto Scale" on page 32).

4 Press the channel key to which the probe is connected ([1], [2], etc.). 5 In the Channel Menu, press Probe. 6 In the Channel Probe Menu, press Probe Check; then, follow the instructions

on-screen.

If necessary, use a nonmetallic tool (supplied with the probe) to adjust the trimmer capacitor on the probe for the flattest pulse possible.

On the N2862/63/90 probes, the trimmer capacitor is the yellow adjustment on the probe tip. On other probes, the trimmer capacitor is located on the probe BNC connector.

34 Keysight InfiniiVision 3000 X-Series Oscilloscopes User's Guide

7 Connect probes to all other oscilloscope channels (channel 2 of a 2-channel

Perfectly compensated

Over compensated

Under compensated

oscilloscope, or channels 2, 3, and 4 of a 4-channel oscilloscope).

8 Repeat the procedure for each channel.

Learn the Front Panel Controls and Connectors

On the front panel, key refers to any key (button) you can press.

Getting Started 1

Keysight InfiniiVision 3000 X-Series Oscilloscopes User's Guide 35

Softkey specifically refers to the six keys that are directly below the display. The legend for these keys is directly above them, on the display. Their functions change as you navigate through the oscilloscope's menus.

For the following figure, refer to the numbered descriptions in the table that follows.

1 Getting Started

5. Tools keys

1. Power switch

2. Softkeys

3. [Intensity] key

4. Entry knob

6. Trigger controls

13. Waveform keys

18. Demo 2, Ground, and Demo 1

terminals

17. Analog channel

inputs

19. USB Host

port

15. [Help] key

14. File keys

8. Run Control keys

12. Measure controls

11. Additional waveform

controls

7. Horizontal controls

10. [Auto Scale] key

9. [Default Setup] key

16 Vertical controls21. Waveform

generator

output

20. Digital channel

inputs

Back

1. Power switch Press once to switch power on; press again to switch power off. See "Power-On the

2. Softkeys The functions of these keys change based upon the menus shown on the display directly

3. [Intensity] key Press the key to illuminate it. When illuminated, turn the Entry knob to adjust waveform

36 Keysight InfiniiVision 3000 X-Series Oscilloscopes User's Guide

Oscilloscope" on page 29.

above the keys.

The Back/Up key moves up in the softkey menu hierarchy. At the top of the hierarchy, the

Back/Up key turns the menus off, and oscilloscope information is shown instead.

intensity.

You can vary the intensity control to bring out signal detail, much like an analog oscilloscope.

Digital channel waveform intensity is not adjustable.

More details about using the Intensity control to view signal detail are on "To adjust

waveform intensity" on page 129.

Getting Started 1

4. Entry knob The Entry knob is used to select items from menus and to change values. The function of the Entry knob changes based upon the current menu and softkey selections.

Note that the curved arrow symbol above the entry knob illuminates whenever the entry

knob can be used to select a value. Also, note that when the Entry knob symbol appears on a softkey, you can use the Entry knob, to select values.

Often, rotating the Entry knob is enough to make a selection. Sometimes, you can push the Entry knob to enable or disable a selection. Pushing the Entry knob also makes popup menus disappear.

5. Tools keys The Tools keys consist of:

• [Utility] key — Press this key to access the Utility Menu, which lets you configure the

oscilloscope's I/O settings, use the file explorer, set preferences, access the service menu, and choose other options. See Chapter 20, “Utility Settings,” starting on page 291.

• [Quick Action] key — Press this key to perform the selected quick action: measure all

snapshot, print, save, recall, freeze display. and more. See "Configuring the [Quick

Action] Key" on page 307.

•[Analyze] key — Press this key to access analysis features like trigger level setting,

measurement threshold setting, Video trigger automatic set up and display, mask testing (see Chapter 15, “Mask Testing,” starting on page 239), or the power measurement and analysis application.

•[Wave Gen] key — Press this key to access waveform generator functions. See

Chapter 17, “Waveform Generator,” starting on page 257.

6. Trigger controls These controls determine how the oscilloscope triggers to capture data. See Chapter 10, “Triggers,” starting on page 141 and Chapter 11, “Trigger Mode/Coupling,” starting on page

175.

Keysight InfiniiVision 3000 X-Series Oscilloscopes User's Guide 37

1 Getting Started

7. Horizontal controls The Horizontal controls consist of:

• Horizontal scale knob — Turn the knob in the Horizontal section that is marked

to adjust the time/div (sweep speed) setting. The symbols under the knob indicate that this control has the effect of spreading out or zooming in on the waveform using the horizontal scale.

• Horizontal position knob — Turn the knob marked to pan through the waveform data

horizontally. You can see the captured waveform before the trigger (turn the knob clockwise) or after the trigger (turn the knob counterclockwise). If you pan through the waveform when the oscilloscope is stopped (not in Run mode) then you are looking at the waveform data from the last acquisition taken.

•[Horiz] key — Press this key to open the Horizontal Menu where you can select XY and Roll

modes, enable or disable Zoom, enable or disable horizontal time/division fine adjustment, and select the trigger time reference point.

• Zoom key — Press the zoom key to split the oscilloscope display into Normal and

Zoom sections without opening the Horizontal Menu.

•[Search] key — Lets you search for events in the acquired data.

•[Navigate] keys — Press this key to navigate through captured data (Time), search events,

or segmented memory acquisitions. See "Navigating the Time Base" on page 60.

For more information see Chapter 2, “Horizontal Controls,” starting on page 49.

8. Run Control keys When the [Run/Stop] key is green, the oscilloscope is running, that is, acquiring data when trigger conditions are met. To stop acquiring data, press [Run/Stop].

When the [Run/Stop] key is red, data acquisition is stopped. To start acquiring data, press [Run/Stop].

To capture and display a single acquisition (whether the oscilloscope is running or stopped), press [Single]. The [Single] key is yellow until the oscilloscope triggers.

For more information, see "Running, Stopping, and Making Single Acquisitions (Run

Control)" on page 183.

9. [Default Setup] key Press this key to restore the oscilloscope's default settings (details on "Recall the Default

Oscilloscope Setup" on page 32).

10. [Auto Scale] key When you press the [AutoScale] key, the oscilloscope will quickly determine which channels have activity, and it will turn these channels on and scale them to display the input signals. See "Use Auto Scale" on page 32.

38 Keysight InfiniiVision 3000 X-Series Oscilloscopes User's Guide

Getting Started 1

11. Additional waveform

controls

The additional waveform controls consist of:

•[Math] key — provides access to math (add, subtract, etc.) waveform functions. See

Chapter 4, “Math Waveforms,” starting on page 73.

•[Ref] key — provides access to reference waveform functions. Reference waveforms are

saved waveforms that can be displayed and compared against other analog channel or math waveforms. See Chapter 5, “Reference Waveforms,” starting on page 101.

• [Digital] key — Press this key to turn the digital channels on or off (the arrow to the left will

illuminate).

When the arrow to the left of the [Digital] key is illuminated, the upper multiplexed knob selects (and highlights in red) individual digital channels, and the lower multiplexed knob positions the selected digital channel.

If a trace is repositioned over an existing trace the indicator at the left edge of the trace will change from Dnn designation (where nn is a one or two digit channel number from 0 to 15) to D*. The "*" indicates that two channels are overlaid.

You can rotate the upper knob to select an overlaid channel, then rotate the lower knob to position it just as you would any other channel.

For more information on digital channels see Chapter 6, “Digital Channels,” starting on page 105.

•[Serial] key — This key is used to enable serial decode. The multiplexed scale and position

knobs are not used with serial decode. For more information on serial decode, see

Chapter 7, “Serial Decode,” starting on page 123.

• Multiplexed scale knob — This scale knob is used with Math, Ref, or Digital waveforms,

whichever has the illuminated arrow to the left. For math and reference waveforms, the scale knob acts like an analog channel vertical scale knob.

• Multiplexed position knob — This position knob is used with Math, Ref, or Digital

waveforms, whichever has the illuminated arrow to the left. For math and reference waveforms, the position knob acts like an analog channel vertical position knob.

12. Measure controls The measure controls consist of:

• Cursors knob — Push this knob select cursors from a popup menu. Then, after the popup

menu closes (either by timeout or by pushing the knob again), rotate the knob to adjust the selected cursor position.

•[Cursors] key — Press this key to open a menu that lets you select the cursors mode and

source.

•[Meas] key — Press this key to access a set of predefined measurements. See Chapter 14,

“Measurements,” starting on page 211.

Keysight InfiniiVision 3000 X-Series Oscilloscopes User's Guide 39

1 Getting Started

13. Waveform keys The [Acquire] key lets you select Normal, Peak Detect, Averaging, or High Resolution acquisition modes (see "Selecting the Acquisition Mode" on page 189) and use segmented memory (see "Acquiring to Segmented Memory" on page 195).

The [Display] key lets you access the menu where you can enable persistence (see "To set or

clear persistence" on page 131), clear the display, and adjust the display grid (graticule)

intensity (see "To adjust the grid intensity" on page 133).

14. File keys Press the [Save/Recall] key to save or recall a waveform or setup. See Chapter 18, “Save/Recall (Setups, Screens, Data),” starting on page 273.

The [Print] key opens the Print Configuration Menu so you can print the displayed waveforms. See Chapter 19, “Print (Screens),” starting on page 285.

15. [Help] key Opens the Help Menu where you can display overview help topics and select the Language. See also "Access the Built-In Quick Help" on page 46.

16. Vertical controls The Vertical controls consist of:

• Analog channel on/off keys — Use these keys to switch a channel on or off, or to access a

channel's menu in the softkeys. There is one channel on/off key for each analog channel.

• Vertical scale knob — There are knobs marked for each channel. Use these knobs

to change the vertical sensitivity (gain) of each analog channel.

• Vertical position knobs — Use these knobs to change a channel's vertical position on the

display. There is one Vertical Position control for each analog channel.

• [Label] key — Press this key to access the Label Menu, which lets you enter labels to

identify each trace on the oscilloscope display. See Chapter 9, “Labels,” starting on page

135.

For more information, see Chapter 3, “Vertical Controls,” starting on page 63.

17. Analog channel

inputs

Attach oscilloscope probes or BNC cables to these BNC connectors.

With the InfiniiVision 3000 X-Series oscilloscopes, you can set the input impedance of the analog channels to either 50 page 66.

The InfiniiVision 3000 X-Series oscilloscopes also provide the AutoProbe interface. The AutoProbe interface uses a series of contacts directly below the channel's BNC connector to transfer information between the oscilloscope and the probe. When you connect a compatible probe to the oscilloscope, the AutoProbe interface determines the type of probe and sets the oscilloscope's parameters (units, offset, attenuation, coupling, and impedance) accordingly.

Ω or 1 MΩ. See "To specify channel input impedance" on

40 Keysight InfiniiVision 3000 X-Series Oscilloscopes User's Guide

Getting Started 1

18. Demo 2, Ground, and

Demo 1 terminals

19. USB Host port This port is for connecting USB mass storage devices or printers to the oscilloscope.

• Demo 2 terminal — This terminal outputs the Probe Comp signal which helps you match a

probe's input capacitance to the oscilloscope channel to which it is connected. See

"Compensate Passive Probes" on page 34. With certain licensed features, the

oscilloscope can also output demo or training signals on this terminal.

• Ground terminal — Use the ground terminal for oscilloscope probes connected to the Demo

1 or Demo 2 terminals.

• Demo 1 terminal — With certain licensed features, the oscilloscope can output demo or

training signals on this terminal.

Connect a USB compliant mass storage device (flash drive, disk drive, etc.) to save or recall oscilloscope setup files and reference waveforms or to save data and screen images. See

Chapter 18, “Save/Recall (Setups, Screens, Data),” starting on page 273.

To print, connect a USB compliant printer. For more information about printing see

Chapter 19, “Print (Screens),” starting on page 285.

You can also use the USB port to update the oscilloscope's system software when updates are available.

You do not need to take special precautions before removing the USB mass storage device from the oscilloscope (you do not need to "eject" it). Simply unplug the USB mass storage device from the oscilloscope when the file operation is complete.

CAUTION: Do not connect a host computer to the oscilloscope's USB host port. Use the device port. A host computer sees the oscilloscope as a device, so connect the host computer to the oscilloscope's device port (on the rear panel). See "I/O Interface Settings" on page 291.

There is a second USB host port on the back panel.

20. Digital channel

inputs

21. Waveform generator

output

Connect the digital probe cable to this connector (MSO models only). See Chapter 6, “Digital Channels,” starting on page 105.

Outputs sine, square, ramp, pulse, DC, or noise on the Gen Out BNC. Press the [Wave Gen] key to set up the waveform generator. See Chapter 17, “Waveform Generator,” starting on page

257.

Front Panel Overlays for Different Languages

Front panel overlays, which have translations for the English front panel keys and label text, are available in 10 languages. The appropriate overlay is included when the localization option is chosen at time of purchase.

To install a front panel overlay:

Keysight InfiniiVision 3000 X-Series Oscilloscopes User's Guide 41

1 Getting Started

1 Gently pull on the front panel knobs to remove them. 2 Insert the overlay's side tabs into the slots on the front panel.

3 Reinstall the front panel knobs.

Front panel overlays may be ordered from www.keysight.com/find/parts using the following part numbers:

42 Keysight InfiniiVision 3000 X-Series Oscilloscopes User's Guide

Getting Started 1

Language 2 Channel Overlay 4 Channel Overlay

French 75019-94324 75019-94316

German 75019-94326 75019-94318

Italian 75019-94323 75019-94331

Japanese 75019-94311 75019-94312

Korean 75019-94329 75019-94321

Polish 75019-94335 75019-94334

Portuguese 75019-94327 75019-94319

Russian 75019-94322 75019-94315

Simplified Chinese 75019-94328 75019-94320

Spanish 75019-94325 75019-94317

Thai 75019-94333 75019-94332

Traditional Chinese 75019-94330 75019-94310

Learn the Rear Panel Connectors

For the following figure, refer to the numbered descriptions in the table that follows.

Keysight InfiniiVision 3000 X-Series Oscilloscopes User's Guide 43

1 Getting Started

8. USB Device port

3. LAN/VGA

7. USB Host port

option module

6. EXT TRIG IN connector

5. Calibration

protect

button

4. TRIG OUT

3. GPIB

option module

connector

L6GC>C</B6>CI6>C <GDJC9ID 6KD>9 :A:8IG>8H=D8@

&%%"&'%K!*%$+%$)%%=o

&%%"')%K!*%$+%=o

&%% LViihB6M

3. Module slot

2. Kensington lock hole

1. Power cord connector

1. Power cord

Attach the power cord here.

connector

2. Kensington lock hole

This is where you can attach a Kensington lock for securing the instrument.

3. Module slot A DSOXLAN LAN/VGA module may be ordered and installed separately.

• LAN port — lets you communicate with the oscilloscope and use the

Remote Front Panel feature using the LAN port. See Chapter 21, “Web Interface,” starting on page 311 and "Accessing the Web

Interface" on page 312.

• VGA video output — lets you connect an external monitor or projector to

provide a larger display or to provide a display at a viewing position away from the oscilloscope.

The oscilloscope's built-in display remains on even when an external display is connected. The video output connector is always active.

For optimal video quality and performance, we recommend you use a shielded video cable with ferrite cores.

A DSOXGPIB GPIB module may be ordered and installed separately.

4. TRIG OUT connector

5. Calibration

Trigger output BNC connector. See "Setting the Rear Panel TRIG OUT

Source" on page 300.

See "To perform user calibration" on page 301.

protect button

44 Keysight InfiniiVision 3000 X-Series Oscilloscopes User's Guide

Getting Started 1

Analog channel sensitivity

Status line

Analog channels and ground levels

Trigger level

Digital channels

Softkeys

Menu line

Trigger point, time reference

Delay time

Time/ div

Run/Stop status

Trigger type

Trigger source

Measurements

Trigger level or digital threshold

Information area

Cursors defining measurement

Measurement statistics

6. EXT TRIG IN connector

7. USB Host port This port functions identically to the USB host port on the front panel. USB

8. USB Device port

External trigger input BNC connector. See "External Trigger Input" on page 180 for an explanation of this feature.

Host Port is used for saving data from the oscilloscope and loading software updates. See also USB Host port (see page 41).

This port is for connecting the oscilloscope to a host PC. You can issue remote commands from a host PC to the oscilloscope via the USB device port. See "Remote Programming with Keysight IO Libraries" on page 316.

Learn the Oscilloscope Display

The oscilloscope display contains acquired waveforms, setup information, measurement results, and the softkey definitions.

Keysight InfiniiVision 3000 X-Series Oscilloscopes User's Guide 45

Figure 1 Interpreting the oscilloscope display

1 Getting Started

Back

Status line The top line of the display contains vertical, horizontal, and trigger setup

information.

Display area The display area contains the waveform acquisitions, channel identifiers, and

analog trigger, and ground level indicators. Each analog channel's information appears in a different color.

Signal detail is displayed using 256 levels of intensity. For more information about viewing signal detail see "To adjust waveform intensity" on page 129.

For more information about display modes see Chapter 8, “Display Settings,” starting on page 129.

Information area The information area normally contains acquisition, analog channel, automatic

measurement, and cursor results.

Menu line This line normally contains menu name or other information associated with the

selected menu.

Softkey labels These labels describe softkey functions. Typically, softkeys let you set up

additional parameters for the selected mode or menu.

Pressing the Back/Up key at the top of the menu hierarchy turns off softkey labels and displays additional status information describing channel offset and other configuration parameters.

Access the Built-In Quick Help

To view Quick Help 1 Press and hold the key or softkey for which you would like to view help.

46 Keysight InfiniiVision 3000 X-Series Oscilloscopes User's Guide

Getting Started 1

Quick Help message

Press and hold front panel key or softkey (or right-click softkey when using web browser remote front panel).

Quick Help remains on the screen until another key is pressed or a knob is turned.

To select the user

interface and

Quick Help

language

Keysight InfiniiVision 3000 X-Series Oscilloscopes User's Guide 47

To select the user interface and Quick Help language:

1 Press [Help], then press the Language softkey. 2 Repeatedly press and release the Language softkey or rotate the Entry knob until

the desired language is selected.

The following languages are available: English, French, German, Italian, Japanese, Korean, Portuguese, Russian, Simplified Chinese, Spanish, and Traditional Chinese.

1 Getting Started

48 Keysight InfiniiVision 3000 X-Series Oscilloscopes User's Guide

Keysight InfiniiVision 3000 X-Series Oscilloscopes

User's Guide

2 Horizontal Controls

To adjust the horizontal (time/div) scale / 50 To adjust the horizontal delay (position) / 51 Panning and Zooming Single or Stopped Acquisitions / 52 To change the horizontal time mode (Normal, XY, or Roll) / 52 To display the zoomed time base / 56 To change the horizontal scale knob's coarse/fine adjustment setting / 57 To position the time reference (left, center, right) / 58 Searching for Events / 58 Navigating the Time Base / 60

The horizontal controls include:

• The horizontal scale and position knobs.

•The [Horiz] key for accessing the Horizontal Menu.

• The zoom key for quickly enabling/disabling the split-screen zoom display.

•The [Search] key for finding events on analog channels or in serial decode.

•The [Navigate] keys for navigating time, search events, or segmented memory

acquisitions.

The following figure shows the Horizontal Menu which appears after pressing the [Horiz] key.

2 Horizontal Controls

Trigger point

Sample rate

Time reference

Delay time

Time/ div

Trigger source

Trigger level or threshold

XY or Roll mode

Normal time mode

Zoomed time base

Fine control

Time reference

Figure 2 Horizontal Menu

The Horizontal Menu lets you select the time mode (Normal, XY, or Roll), enable Zoom, set the time base fine control (vernier), and specify the time reference.

The current sample rate is displayed in the right-side information area.

To adjust the horizontal (time/div) scale

1 Turn the large horizontal scale (sweep speed) knob marked to

change the horizontal time/div setting.

Notice how the time/div information in the status line changes.

50 Keysight InfiniiVision 3000 X-Series Oscilloscopes User's Guide

The ∇ symbol at the top of the display indicates the time reference point.

The horizontal scale knob works (in the Normal time mode) while acquisitions are running or when they are stopped. When running, adjusting the horizontal scale knob changes the sample rate. When stopped, adjusting the horizontal scale knob lets you zoom into acquired data. See "Panning and Zooming Single or Stopped

Acquisitions" on page 52.

Note that the horizontal scale knob has a different purpose in the Zoom display. See "To display the zoomed time base" on page 56.

To adjust the horizontal delay (position)

1 Turn the horizontal delay (position) knob ( ).

The trigger point moves horizontally, pausing at 0.00 s (mimicking a mechanical detent), and the delay value is displayed in the status line.

Changing the delay time moves the trigger point (solid inverted triangle) horizontally and indicates how far it is from the time reference point (hollow inverted triangle ∇). These reference points are indicated along the top of the display grid.

Horizontal Controls 2

Figure 2 shows the trigger point with the delay time set to 200 µs. The delay time

number tells you how far the time reference point is located from the trigger point. When delay time is set to zero, the delay time indicator overlays the time reference indicator.

All events displayed left of the trigger point happened before the trigger occurred. These events are called pre-trigger information, and they show events that led up to the trigger point.

Everything to the right of the trigger point is called post-trigger information. The amount of delay range (pre-trigger and post-trigger information) available depends on the time/div selected and memory depth.

The horizontal position knob works (in the Normal time mode) while acquisitions are running or when they are stopped. When running, adjusting the horizontal scale knob changes the sample rate. When stopped, adjusting the horizontal scale knob lets you zoom into acquired data. See "Panning and Zooming Single or

Stopped Acquisitions" on page 52.

Keysight InfiniiVision 3000 X-Series Oscilloscopes User's Guide 51

2 Horizontal Controls

NOTE

Note that the horizontal position knob has a different purpose in the Zoom display. See "To display the zoomed time base" on page 56.

Panning and Zooming Single or Stopped Acquisitions

When the oscilloscope is stopped, use the horizontal scale and position knobs to pan and zoom your waveform. The stopped display may contain several acquisitions worth of information, but only the last acquisition is available for pan and zoom.

The ability to pan (move horizontally) and scale (expand or compress horizontally) an acquired waveform is important because of the additional insight it can reveal about the captured waveform. This additional insight is often gained from seeing the waveform at different levels of abstraction. You may want to view both the big picture and the specific little picture details.

The ability to examine waveform detail after the waveform has been acquired is a benefit generally associated with digital oscilloscopes. Often this is simply the ability to freeze the display for the purpose of measuring with cursors or printing the screen. Some digital oscilloscopes go one step further by including the ability to further examine the signal details after acquiring them by panning through the waveform and changing the horizontal scale.

There is no limit imposed on the scaling ratio between the time/div used to acquire the data and the time/div used to view the data. There is, however, a useful limit. This useful limit is somewhat a function of the signal you are analyzing.

Zooming into stopped acquisitions

The screen will still contain a relatively good display if you zoom-in horizontally by a factor of 1000 and zoom-in vertically by a factor of 10 to display the information from where it was acquired. Remember that you can only make automatic measurements on displayed data.

To change the horizontal time mode (Normal, XY, or Roll)

1 Press [Horiz]. 2 In the Horizontal Menu, press Time Mode; then, select:

52 Keysight InfiniiVision 3000 X-Series Oscilloscopes User's Guide

Horizontal Controls 2

• Normal — the normal viewing mode for the oscilloscope.

In the Normal time mode, signal events occurring before the trigger are plotted to the left of the trigger point (▼) and signal events after the trigger plotted to the right of the trigger point.

• XY — XY mode changes the display from a volts-versus-time display to a

volts-versus-volts display. The time base is turned off. Channel 1 amplitude is plotted on the X-axis and Channel 2 amplitude is plotted on the Y-axis.

You can use XY mode to compare frequency and phase relationships between two signals. XY mode can also be used with transducers to display strain versus displacement, flow versus pressure, volts versus current, or voltage versus frequency.

Use the cursors to make measurements on XY mode waveforms.

For more information about using XY mode for measurements, refer to "XY

Time Mode" on page 53.

• Roll — causes the waveform to move slowly across the screen from right to

left. It only operates on time base settings of 50 ms/div and slower. If the current time base setting is faster than the 50 ms/div limit, it will be set to 50 ms/div when Roll mode is entered.

In Roll mode there is no trigger. The fixed reference point on the screen is the right edge of the screen and refers to the current moment in time. Events that have occurred are scrolled to the left of the reference point. Since there is no trigger, no pre-trigger information is available.

If you would like to pause the display in Roll mode press the [Single] key. To clear the display and restart an acquisition in Roll mode, press the [Single] key again.

Use Roll mode on low-frequency waveforms to yield a display much like a strip chart recorder. It allows the waveform to roll across the display.

XY Time Mode

The XY time mode converts the oscilloscope from a volts-versus-time display to a volts-versus-volts display using two input channels. Channel 1 is the X-axis input, channel 2 is the Y-axis input. You can use various transducers so the display could show strain versus displacement, flow versus pressure, volts versus current, or voltage versus frequency.

Keysight InfiniiVision 3000 X-Series Oscilloscopes User's Guide 53

2 Horizontal Controls

sinθ =Aor

Signal must be cent ered i n “X”

Measuring

phase difference

Signals 90 degrees

out of phase

Signals

in phase

Example This exercise shows a common use of the XY display mode by measuring the

phase difference between two signals of the same frequency with the Lissajous method.

1 Connect a sine wave signal to channel 1, and a sine wave signal of the same

frequency but out of phase to channel 2.

2 Press the [AutoScale] key, press the [Horiz] key; then, press Time Mode and select

"XY".

3 Center the signal on the display with the channel 1 and 2 position ( ) knobs.

Use the channel 1 and 2 volts/div knobs and the channel 1 and 2 Fine softkeys to expand the signal for convenient viewing.

The phase difference angle (θ) can be calculated using the following formula (assuming the amplitude is the same on both channels):

Figure 3 XY time mode signals, centered on display

4 Press the [Cursors] key.

54 Keysight InfiniiVision 3000 X-Series Oscilloscopes User's Guide

5 Set the Y2 cursor to the top of the signal, and set Y1 to the bottom of the

signal. Note the ΔY value at the bottom of the display. In this example, we are using

the Y cursors, but you could have used the X cursors instead.

Horizontal Controls 2

sinθ =

second Δ Y

first Δ Y

1.031

1.688

; θ = 37.65 degrees of phase shift

NOTE

6 Move the Y1 and Y2 cursors to the intersection of the signal and the Y axis.

Again, note the ΔY value.

Figure 4 Phase difference measurements, automatic and using cursors

7 Calculate the phase difference using the formula below.

For example, if the first ΔY value is 1.688 and the second ΔY value is 1.031:

Z-Axis Input in XY Display Mode (Blanking)

When you select the XY display mode, the time base is turned off. Channel 1 is the X-axis input, channel 2 is the Y-axis input, and the rear panel EXT TRIG IN is the Z-axis input. If you only want to see portions of the Y versus X display, use the Z-axis input. Z-axis turns the trace on and off (analog oscilloscopes called this Z-axis blanking because it turned the beam on and off). When Z is low (<1.4 V), Y versus X is displayed; when Z is high (>1.4 V), the trace is turned off.

Keysight InfiniiVision 3000 X-Series Oscilloscopes User's Guide 55

2 Horizontal Controls

These markers show the beginning and end of the Zoom window

Normal window

Time/div for zoomed window

Time/div for normal window

Delay time momentarily displays when the Horizontal position knob is turned

Zoom window

Signal anomaly expanded in zoom window

Select Zoom

To display the zoomed time base

Zoom, formerly called Delayed sweep mode, is a horizontally expanded version of the normal display. When Zoom is selected, the display divides in half. The top half of the display shows the normal time/div window and the bottom half displays a faster Zoom time/div window.

The Zoom window is a magnified portion of the normal time/div window. You can use Zoom to locate and horizontally expand part of the normal window for a more detailed (higher-resolution) analysis of signals.

To turn on (or off) Zoom:

1 Press the zoom key (or press the [Horiz] key and then the Zoom softkey).

56 Keysight InfiniiVision 3000 X-Series Oscilloscopes User's Guide

Horizontal Controls 2

The area of the normal display that is expanded is outlined with a box and the rest of the normal display is ghosted. The box shows the portion of the normal sweep that is expanded in the lower half.

To change the time/div for the Zoom window, turn the horizontal scale (sweep speed) knob. As you turn the knob, the zoomed window time/div is highlighted in the status line above the waveform display area. The Horizontal scale (sweep speed) knob controls the size of the box.

The Horizontal position (delay time) knob sets the left-to-right position of the zoom window. The delay value, which is the time displayed relative to the trigger point) is momentarily displayed in the upper-right portion of the display when the

delay time ( ) knob is turned.

Negative delay values indicate you're looking at a portion of the waveform before the trigger event, and positive values indicate you're looking at the waveform after the trigger event.

To change the time/div of the normal window, turn off Zoom; then, turn the horizontal scale (sweep speed) knob.

For information about using zoom mode for measurements, refer to "To isolate a

pulse for Top measurement" on page 220 and "To isolate an event for frequency measurement" on page 226.

To change the horizontal scale knob's coarse/fine adjustment setting

1 Push the horizontal scale knob (or press [Horiz] > Fine) to toggle between fine

and coarse adjustment of the horizontal scale.

When Fine is enabled, turning the horizontal scale knob changes the time/div (displayed in the status line at the top of the display) in smaller increments. The time/div remains fully calibrated when Fine is on.

When Fine is turned off, the Horizontal scale knob changes the time/div setting in a 1-2-5 step sequence.

Keysight InfiniiVision 3000 X-Series Oscilloscopes User's Guide 57

2 Horizontal Controls

To position the time reference (left, center, right)

Time reference is the reference point on the display for delay time (horizontal position).

1 Press [Horiz]. 2 In the Horizontal Menu, press Time Ref; then, select:

• Left — the time reference is set to one major division from the left edge of the

display.

• Center — the time reference is set to the center of the display.

• Right — the time reference is set to one major division from the right edge of

the display.

A small hollow triangle (∇) at the top of the display grid marks the position of the time reference. When delay time is set to zero, the trigger point indicator (▼) overlays the time reference indicator.

The time reference position sets the initial position of the trigger event within acquisition memory and on the display, with delay set to 0.

Turning the Horizontal scale (sweep speed) knob expands or contracts the waveform about the time reference point (∇). See "To adjust the horizontal

(time/div) scale" on page 50.

Turning the Horizontal position ( ) knob in Normal mode (not Zoom) moves the trigger point indicator (▼) to the left or right of the time reference point (∇). See

"To adjust the horizontal delay (position)" on page 51.

Searching for Events

You can use the [Search] key and menu to search for Edge, Pulse Width, Rise/Fall Time, Runt, and Serial events on the analog channels.

Setting up searches (see "To set up searches" on page 59) is similar to setting up triggers. In fact, except for Serial events, you can copy search setups to trigger setups and vice-versa (see "To copy search setups" on page 59).

Searches are different than triggers in that they use the measurement threshold settings instead of trigger levels.

58 Keysight InfiniiVision 3000 X-Series Oscilloscopes User's Guide

Found search events are marked with white triangles at the top of the graticule, and the number of events found is displayed in the menu line just above the sofkey labels.

To set up searches

1 Press [Search]. 2 In the Search Menu, press Search; then, turn the Entry knob to select the search

type.

3 Press Settings, and use the Search Settings Menu to set up the selected search

type.

Setting up searches is similar to setting up triggers:

• For setting up Edge searches, see "Edge Trigger" on page 144.

• For setting up Pulse Width searches, see "Pulse Width Trigger" on

page 147.

• For setting up Rise/Fall Time searches, see "Rise/Fall Time Trigger" on

page 154.

• For setting up Runt searches, see "Runt Trigger" on page 157.

• For setting up Serial searches, see Chapter 10, “Triggers,” starting on page

141 and "Searching Lister Data" on page 126.

Horizontal Controls 2

Remember that searches use the measurement threshold settings instead of trigger levels. Use the Thresholds softkey in the Search Menu to access the Measurement Threshold Menu. See "Measurement Thresholds" on page 234.

To copy search setups

Except for Serial event search setups, you can copy search setups to trigger setups and vice-versa.

1 Press [Search]. 2 In the Search Menu, press Search; then, turn the Entry knob to select the search

type.

3 Press Copy. 4 In the Search Copy Menu:

Keysight InfiniiVision 3000 X-Series Oscilloscopes User's Guide 59

2 Horizontal Controls

• Press Copy to Trigger to copy the setup for the selected search type to the

same trigger type. For example, if the current search type is Pulse Width, pressing Copy to Trigger copies the search settings to the Pulse Width trigger settings and selects the Pulse Width trigger.

• Press Copy from Trigger to copy the trigger setup for the selected search type

to the search setup.

• To undo a copy, press Undo Copy.

The softkeys in the Search Copy Menu may not be available when one of the settings cannot be copied or there is no trigger type that corresponds to the search type.

Navigating the Time Base

You can use the [Navigate] key and controls to navigate through:

• Captured data (see "To navigate time" on page 60).

• Search events (see "To navigate search events" on page 60).

• Segments, when segmented memory acquisitions are turned on (see "To

navigate segments" on page 61).

To navigate time

When acquisitions are stopped, you can use the navigation controls to play through the captured data.

1 Press [Navigate]. 2 In the Navigate Menu, press Navigate; then, select Time.

3 Press the navigation keys to play backward, stop, or play forward in

time. You can press the or keys multiple times to speed up the playback. There are three speed levels.

To navigate search events

When acquisitions are stopped, you can use the navigation controls to go to found search events (set using the [Search] key and menu, see "Searching for Events" on page 58).

1 Press [Navigate].

60 Keysight InfiniiVision 3000 X-Series Oscilloscopes User's Guide

2 In the Navigate Menu, press Navigate; then, select Search.

3 Press the back and forward keys to go to the previous or next search

event.

When searching Serial decode:

• You can press the stop key to set or clear a mark.

•The Auto zoom softkey specifies whether the waveform display is automatically

zoomed to fit the marked row as you navigate.

• Pressing the Scroll Lister softkey lets you use the Entry knob to scroll through

data rows in the Lister display.

To navigate segments

When the segmented memory acquisition is enabled and acquisitions are stopped, you can use the navigation controls to play through the acquired segments.

1 Press [Navigate]. 2 In the Navigate Menu, press Navigate; then, select Segments. 3 Press Play Mode; then, select:

• Manual — to play through segments manually.

Horizontal Controls 2

In the Manual play mode:

• Press the back and forward keys to go to the previous or next

segment.

• Press the softkey to go to the first segment.

• Press the softkey to go to the last segment.

• Auto — to play through segments in an automated fashion.

In the Auto play mode:

• Press the navigation keys to play backward, stop, or play

forward in time. You can press the or keys multiple times to speed up the playback. There are three speed levels.

Keysight InfiniiVision 3000 X-Series Oscilloscopes User's Guide 61

2 Horizontal Controls

62 Keysight InfiniiVision 3000 X-Series Oscilloscopes User's Guide

Keysight InfiniiVision 3000 X-Series Oscilloscopes

User's Guide

3 Vertical Controls

To turn waveforms on or off (channel or math) / 64 To adjust the vertical scale / 65 To adjust the vertical position / 65 To specify channel coupling / 65 To specify channel input impedance / 66 To specify bandwidth limiting / 67 To change the vertical scale knob's coarse/fine adjustment setting / 67 To invert a waveform / 68 Setting Analog Channel Probe Options / 68

The vertical controls include:

• The vertical scale and position knobs for each analog channel.

• The channel keys for turning a channel on or off and accessing the channel's softkey menu.

The following figure shows the Channel 1 Menu that appears after pressing the [1] channel key.

3 Vertical Controls

Channel, Volts/div

Channel 1 ground level

Trigger source

Trigger level or threshold

Channel 2 ground level

NOTE

The ground level of the signal for each displayed analog channel is identified by the position of the icon at the far-left side of the display.

To turn waveforms on or off (channel or math)

64 Keysight InfiniiVision 3000 X-Series Oscilloscopes User's Guide

1 Press an analog channel key turn the channel on or off (and to display the

channel's menu).

When a channel is on, its key is illuminated.

Turning channels off

You must be viewing the menu for a channel before you can turn it off. For example, if channel 1 and channel 2 are turned on and the menu for channel 2 is being displayed, to turn channel 1 off, press [1] to display the channel 1 menu; then, press [1] again to turn channel 1 off.

To adjust the vertical scale

1 Turn the large knob above the channel key marked to set the vertical

scale (volts/division) for the channel.

The vertical scale knob changes the analog channel scale in a 1-2-5 step sequence (with a 1:1 probe attached) unless fine adjustment is enabled (see "To

change the vertical scale knob's coarse/fine adjustment setting" on page 67).

The analog channel Volts/Div value is displayed in the status line.

The default mode for expanding the signal when you turn the volts/division knob is vertical expansion about the ground level of the channel; however, you can change this to expand about the center of the display. See "To choose "expand

about" center or ground" on page 297.

To adjust the vertical position

Vertical Controls 3

1 Turn the small vertical position knob ( ) to move the channel's waveform up or

down on the display.

The voltage value momentarily displayed in the upper right portion of the display represents the voltage difference between the vertical center of the display and

the ground level ( ) icon. It also represents the voltage at the vertical center of the display if vertical expansion is set to expand about ground (see "To choose

"expand about" center or ground" on page 297).

To specify channel coupling

Coupling changes the channel's input coupling to either AC (alternating current) or DC (direct current).

Keysight InfiniiVision 3000 X-Series Oscilloscopes User's Guide 65

3 Vertical Controls

TIP

NOTE

If the channel is DC coupled, you can quickly measure the DC component of the signal by simply noting its distance from the ground symbol.

If the channel is AC coupled, the DC component of the signal is removed, allowing you to use greater sensitivity to display the AC component of the signal.

1 Press the desired channel key. 2 In the Channel Menu, press the Coupling softkey to select the input channel

coupling:

• DC — DC coupling is useful for viewing waveforms as low as 0 Hz that do not

have large DC offsets.

• AC — AC coupling is useful for viewing waveforms with large DC offsets.

When AC coupling is chosen, you cannot select 50Ω mode. This is done to prevent damage to the oscilloscope.

AC coupling places a 10 Hz high-pass filter in series with the input waveform that removes any DC offset voltage from the waveform.

Note that Channel Coupling is independent of Trigger Coupling. To change trigger coupling see "To select the trigger coupling" on page 177.

To specify channel input impedance

When you connect an AutoProbe, self-sensing probe, or a compatible InfiniiMax probe, the oscilloscope automatically configures the analog input channels to the correct impedance.

1 Press the desired channel key. 2 In the Channel Menu, press Imped (impedance); then, select either:

• 50 Ohm — matches 50 ohm cables commonly used in making high frequency

measurements, and 50 ohm active probes.

When 50 Ohm input impedance is selected, it is displayed with the channel information on-screen.

66 Keysight InfiniiVision 3000 X-Series Oscilloscopes User's Guide

When AC coupling is selected (see "To specify channel coupling" on page 65) or excessive voltage is applied to the input, the oscilloscope automatically switches to 1M Ohm mode to prevent possible damage.

• 1M Ohm — is for use with many passive probes and for general-purpose

measurements. The higher impedance minimizes the loading effect of the oscilloscope on the device under test.

This impedance matching gives you the most accurate measurements because reflections are minimized along the signal path.

See Also • For more information on probing, visit: www.keysight.com/find/scope_probes

• Information about selecting a probe can be found in document number

Keysight Oscilloscope Probes and Accessories Selection Guide (part number

5989-6162EN), available at www.keysight.com.

To specify bandwidth limiting

1 Press the desired channel key. 2 In the Channel Menu, press the BW Limit softkey to enable or disable bandwidth

limiting.

Vertical Controls 3

When bandwidth limit is on, the maximum bandwidth for the channel is approximately 20 MHz. For waveforms with frequencies below this, turning bandwidth limit on removes unwanted high frequency noise from the waveform. The bandwidth limit also limits the trigger signal path of any channel that has BW Limit turned on.

To change the vertical scale knob's coarse/fine adjustment setting

1 Push the channel's vertical scale knob (or press the channel key and then the

Fine softkey in the Channel Menu) to toggle between fine and coarse

adjustment of the vertical scale.

When Fine adjustment is selected, you can change the channel's vertical sensitivity in smaller increments. The channel sensitivity remains fully calibrated when Fine is on.

The vertical scale value is displayed in the status line at the top of the display.

Keysight InfiniiVision 3000 X-Series Oscilloscopes User's Guide 67

3 Vertical Controls

When Fine is turned off, turning the volts/division knob changes the channel sensitivity in a 1-2-5 step sequence.

To invert a waveform

1 Press the desired channel key. 2 In the Channel Menu, press the Invert softkey to invert the selected channel.

When Invert is selected, the voltage values of the displayed waveform are inverted.

Invert affects how a channel is displayed. However, when using basic triggers, the oscilloscope attempts to maintain the same trigger point by changing trigger settings.

Inverting a channel also changes the result of any math function selected in the Waveform Math Menu or any measurement.

Setting Analog Channel Probe Options

1 Press the probe's associated channel key. 2 In the Channel Menu, press the Probe softkey to display the Channel Probe

Menu.

This menu lets you select additional probe parameters such as attenuation factor and units of measurement for the connected probe.

The Channel Probe Menu changes depending on the type of probe connected.

For passive probes (such as the N2841A, N2842A, N2843A, N2862A/B, N2863A/B, N2889A, N2890A, 10073C, 10074C, or 1165A probes), the Probe Check softkey appears; it guides you through the process of compensating probes.

68 Keysight InfiniiVision 3000 X-Series Oscilloscopes User's Guide

For some active probes (such as InfiniiMax probes), the oscilloscope can accurately calibrate its analog channels for the probe. When you connect a probe that can be calibrated, the Calibrate Probe softkey appears (and the probe attenuation softkey may change). See "To calibrate a probe" on page 70.

See Also • "To specify the channel units" on page 69

• "To specify the probe attenuation" on page 69

• "To specify the probe skew" on page 70

To specify the channel units

1 Press the probe's associated channel key. 2 In the Channel Menu, press Probe. 3 In the Channel Probe Menu, press Units; then, select:

• Volts — for a voltage probe.

• Amps — for a current probe.

Channel sensitivity, trigger level, measurement results, and math functions will reflect the measurement units you have selected.

Vertical Controls 3

To specify the probe attenuation

This is set automatically if the oscilloscope can identify the connected probe. See Analog channel inputs (see page 41).

The probe attenuation factor must be set properly for accurate measurement results.

If you connect a probe that is not automatically identified by the oscilloscope, you can manually set the attenuation factor as follows:

1 Press the channel key. 2 Press the Probe softkey until you have selected how you want to specify the

attenuation factor, choosing either Ratio or Decibels.

3 Turn the Entry knob to set the attenuation factor for the connected probe.

When measuring voltage values, the attenuation factor can be set from 0.001:1 to 10000:1 in a 1-2-5 sequence.

When measuring current values with a current probe, the attenuation factor can be set from 1000 V/A to 0.0001 V/A.

Keysight InfiniiVision 3000 X-Series Oscilloscopes User's Guide 69

3 Vertical Controls

To specify the probe skew

When specifying the attenuation factor in decibels, you can select values from

-60 dB to 80 dB.

If Amps is chosen as the units and a manual attenuation factor is chosen, then the units as well as the attenuation factor are displayed above the Probe softkey.

When measuring time intervals in the nanoseconds (ns) range, small differences in cable length can affect the measurement. Use Skew to remove cable-delay errors between any two channels.

1 Probe the same point with both probes. 2 Press one of the probes associated channel key. 3 In the Channel Menu, press Probe. 4 In the Channel Probe Menu, press Skew; then, select the desired skew value.

Each analog channel can be adjusted ±100 ns in 10 ps increments for a total of 200 ns difference.

The skew setting is not affected by pressing [Default Setup] or [Auto Scale].

To calibrate a probe

The Calibrate Probe softkey guides you through the process of calibrating probes.

For certain active probes, such as InfiniiMax probes, the oscilloscope can accurately calibrate its analog channels for the probe. When you connect a probe that can be calibrated, the Calibrate Probe softkey in the Channel Probe Menu becomes active.

To calibrate one of these probes: 1 First, plug your probe into one of the oscilloscope channels.

This could be, for example, an InfiniiMax probe amplifier/probe head with attenuators attached.

2 Connect the probe to the left side, Demo 2, Probe Comp terminal, and the

probe ground to the ground terminal.

70 Keysight InfiniiVision 3000 X-Series Oscilloscopes User's Guide

Vertical Controls 3

NOTE

When calibrating a differential probe, connect the positive lead to the Probe Comp terminal and the negative lead to the ground terminal. You may need to connect an alligator clip to the ground lug to allow a differential probe to span between the Probe Comp test point and ground. A good ground connection ensures the most accurate probe calibration.

3 Press the Channel on/off key to turn the channel on (if the channel is off). 4 In the Channel Menu, press the Probe softkey. 5 In the Channel Probe Menu, the second softkey from the left is for specifying

your probe head (and attenuation). Repeatedly press this softkey until the probe head selection matches the attenuator you are using.

The choices are:

• 10:1 single-ended browser (no attenuator).

• 10:1 differential browser (no attenuator).

• 10:1 (+6 dB Atten) single-ended browser.

• 10:1 (+6 dB Atten) differential browser.

• 10:1 (+12 dB Atten) single-ended browser.

• 10:1 (+12 dB Atten) differential browser.

• 10:1 (+20 dB Atten) single-ended browser.

• 10:1 (+20 dB Atten) differential browser.

6 Press the Calibrate Probe softkey and follow the instructions on the display.

For more information on InfiniiMax probes and accessories, see the probe's User's Guide.

Keysight InfiniiVision 3000 X-Series Oscilloscopes User's Guide 71

3 Vertical Controls

72 Keysight InfiniiVision 3000 X-Series Oscilloscopes User's Guide

Keysight InfiniiVision 3000 X-Series Oscilloscopes

User's Guide

4 Math Waveforms

To display math waveforms / 73 To perform transforms or filters on an arithmetic operation / 75 To adjust the math waveform scale and offset / 75 Units for Math Waveforms / 75 Math Operators / 76 Math Transforms / 78 Math Filters / 94 Math Visualizations / 95

Math functions can be performed on analog channels. The resulting math waveform is displayed in light purple.

You can use a math function on a channel even if you choose not to display the channel on-screen.

You can:

• Perform an arithmetic operation (like add, subtract, or multiply) on analog input channels.

• Perform a transform function (like differentiate, integrate, FFT, or square root) on an analog input channel.

• Perform a transform function on the result of an arithmetic operation.

To display math waveforms

1 Press the [Math] key on the front panel to display the Waveform Math Menu.

4 Math Waveforms

TIP

2 If f(t) is not already shown on the Function softkey, press the Function sofkey and

select f(t): Displayed.

3 Use the Operator softkey to select an operator or transform.

For more information on the operators, see:

• "Math Operators" on page 76

• "Math Transforms" on page 78

• "Math Filters" on page 94

• "Math Visualizations" on page 95

4 Use the Source 1 softkey to select the analog channel on which to perform

math. You can rotate the Entry knob or repetitively press the Source 1 softkey to make your selection. If you choose a transform function (differentiate, integrate, FFT, or square root) the result is displayed.

5 If you select an arithmetic operator, use the Source 2 softkey to select the

second source for the arithmetic operation. The result is displayed.

6 To re-size and re-position the math waveform, see "To adjust the math

waveform scale and offset" on page 75.

Math Operating Hints

If the analog channel or math function is clipped (not fully displayed on screen) the resulting displayed math function will also be clipped.

Once the function is displayed, the analog channel(s) may be turned off for better viewing of the math waveform.

The vertical scaling and offset of each math function can be adjusted for ease of viewing and measurement considerations.

The math function waveform can be measured using [Cursors] and/or [Meas].

74 Keysight InfiniiVision 3000 X-Series Oscilloscopes User's Guide

Math Waveforms 4

NOTE

To perform transforms or filters on an arithmetic operation

To perform a transform function (see "Math Transforms" on page 78) or filter (see

"Math Filters" on page 94) on the add, subtract, or multiply arithmetic operations:

1 Press the Function softkey and select g(t): Internal. 2 Use the Operator, Source 1, and Source 2 softkeys to set up an arithmetic

operation.

3 Press the Function softkey and select f(t): Displayed. 4 Use the Operator softkey to select a transform function or filter. 5 Press the Source 1 softkey and select g(t) as the source. Note that g(t) is only

available when you select a transform function in the previous step.

To adjust the math waveform scale and offset

1 Make sure the multiplexed scale and position knobs to the right of the [Math]

key are selected for the math waveform.

If the arrow to the left of the [Math] key is not illuminated, press the key.

2 Use the multiplexed scale and position knobs just to the right of the [Math] key

to re-size and re-position the math waveform.

Math Scale and Offset are Set Automatically

Any time the currently displayed math function definition is changed, the function is automatically scaled for optimum vertical scale and offset. If you manually set scale and offset for a function, select a new function, then select the original function, the original function will be automatically rescaled.

See Also • "Units for Math Waveforms" on page 75

Units for Math Waveforms

Units for each input channel can be set to Volts or Amps using the Units softkey in the channel's Probe Menu. Units for math function waveforms are:

Keysight InfiniiVision 3000 X-Series Oscilloscopes User's Guide 75

4 Math Waveforms

Math function Units

add or subtract V or A

multiply

d/dt V/s or A/s (V/second or A/second)

, A2, or W (Volt-Amp)

Math Operators

 dt

FFT dB* (decibels). See also "FFT Units" on

√(square root)

* When the FFT source is channel 1, 2, 3 or 4, FFT units will be displayed in dBV when channel units is set to Volts and channel impedance is set to 1 MΩ. FFT units will be displayed in dBm when channel units is set to Volts and channel impedance is set to 50 for all other FFT sources or when a source channel's units has been set to Amps.

Vs or As (V-seconds or A-seconds)

page 88.

1/2

, A

, or W

1/2

(Volt-Amp)

Ω. FFT units will be displayed as dB

A scale unit of U (undefined) will be displayed for math functions when two source channels are used and they are set to dissimilar units and the combination of units cannot be resolved.

Math operators perform arithmetic operations (like add, subtract, or multiply) on analog input channels.

• "Add or Subtract" on page 76

• "Multiply or Divide" on page 77

Add or Subtract

When you select add or subtract, the Source 1 and Source 2 values are added or subtracted point by point, and the result is displayed.

You can use subtract to make a differential measurement or to compare two waveforms.

If your waveforms' DC offsets are larger than the dynamic range of the oscilloscope's input channels you will need to use a differential probe instead.

76 Keysight InfiniiVision 3000 X-Series Oscilloscopes User's Guide

Figure 5 Example of Subtract Channel 2 from Channel 1

Math Waveforms 4

See Also • "Units for Math Waveforms" on page 75

Multiply or Divide

When you select the multiply or divide math function, the Source 1 and Source 2 values are multiplied or divided point by point, and the result is displayed.

The divide by zero case places holes (that is, zero values) in the output waveform.

Multiply is useful for seeing power relationships when one of the channels is proportional to the current.

Keysight InfiniiVision 3000 X-Series Oscilloscopes User's Guide 77

4 Math Waveforms

Figure 6 Example of Multiply Channel 1 by Channel 2

See Also • "Units for Math Waveforms" on page 75

Math Transforms

Math transforms perform a transform function (like differentiate, integrate, FFT, or square root) on an analog input channel or on the result of an arithmetic operation.

• "Differentiate" on page 79

• "Integrate" on page 80

• "FFT Measurement" on page 83

• "Square Root" on page 90

With the advanced math measurements license, these additional transforms are available:

• "Ax + B" on page 90

• "Square" on page 91

78 Keysight InfiniiVision 3000 X-Series Oscilloscopes User's Guide

• "Absolute Value" on page 92

di=

i+4

+2y

i+2

−2y

i−2

− y

i−4

8Δt

• "Common Logarithm" on page 92

• "Natural Logarithm" on page 93

• "Exponential" on page 93

• "Base 10 Exponential" on page 93

Differentiate

d/dt (differentiate) calculates the discrete time derivative of the selected source.

You can use differentiate to measure the instantaneous slope of a waveform. For example, the slew rate of an operational amplifier may be measured using the differentiate function.

Because differentiation is very sensitive to noise, it is helpful to set acquisition mode to Averaging (see "Selecting the Acquisition Mode" on page 189).

d/dt plots the derivative of the selected source using the "average slope estimate at 4 points" formula. The equation is:

Math Waveforms 4

Where:

• d = differential waveform.

• y = channel 1, 2, 3, or 4, or g(t) (internal arithmetic operation) data points.

• i = data point index.

• Δt = point-to-point time difference.

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4 Math Waveforms

In= co+Δt

∑

i=0

Figure 7 Example of Differentiate Function

80 Keysight InfiniiVision 3000 X-Series Oscilloscopes User's Guide

See Also • "To perform transforms or filters on an arithmetic operation" on page 75

• "Units for Math Waveforms" on page 75

Integrate

 dt (integrate) calculates the integral of the selected source. You can use integrate to calculate the energy of a pulse in volt-seconds or measure the area under a waveform.

 dt plots the integral of the source using the "Trapezoidal Rule". The equation is:

Where:

• I = integrated waveform.

• Δt = point-to-point time difference.

Math Waveforms 4

• y = channel 1, 2, 3, or 4, or g(t) (internal arithmetic operation).

• co = arbitrary constant.

• i = data point index.

The integrate operator provides an Offset softkey that lets you enter a DC offset correction factor for the input signal. Small DC offset in the integrate function input (or even small oscilloscope calibration errors) can cause the integrate function output to "ramp" up or down. This DC offset correction lets you level the integrate waveform.

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0 V level

Integrate without DC offset correction

Integrate with DC offset correction

4 Math Waveforms

Figure 8 Integrate and Signal Offset

See Also • "To perform transforms or filters on an arithmetic operation" on page 75

• "Units for Math Waveforms" on page 75

82 Keysight InfiniiVision 3000 X-Series Oscilloscopes User's Guide

FFT Measurement

FFT is used to compute the fast Fourier transform using analog input channels or an arithmetic operation g(t). FFT takes the digitized time record of the specified source and transforms it to the frequency domain. When the FFT function is selected, the FFT spectrum is plotted on the oscilloscope display as magnitude in dBV versus frequency. The readout for the horizontal axis changes from time to frequency (Hertz) and the vertical readout changes from volts to dB.

Use the FFT function to find crosstalk problems, to find distortion problems in analog waveforms caused by amplifier non-linearity, or for adjusting analog filters.

To display a FFT waveform: 1 Press the [Math] key, press the Function softkey and select f(t), press the Operator

softkey and select FFT.

• Source 1 — selects the source for the FFT. (See "To perform transforms or

filters on an arithmetic operation" on page 75 for information about using

g(t) as the source.)

• Span — sets the overall width of the FFT spectrum that you see on the

display (left to right). Divide span by 10 to calculate the number of Hertz per division. It is possible to set Span above the maximum available frequency, in which case the displayed spectrum will not take up the whole screen. Press the Span softkey, then turn the Entry knob to set the desired frequency span of the display.

• Center — sets the FFT spectrum frequency represented at the center vertical

grid line of the display. It is possible to set the Center to values below half the span or above the maximum available frequency, in which case the displayed spectrum will not take up the whole screen. Press the Center softkey, then turn the Entry knob to set the desired center frequency of the display.

• Scale — lets you set your own vertical scale factors for FFT expressed in

dB/div (decibels/division). See "To adjust the math waveform scale and

offset" on page 75.

Math Waveforms 4

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4 Math Waveforms

• Offset — lets you set your own offset for the FFT. The offset value is in dB and

is represented by the center horizontal grid line of the display. See "To

adjust the math waveform scale and offset" on page 75.

• More FFT — displays the More FFT Settings Menu.

2 Press the More FFT softkey to display additional FFT settings.

• Window— selects a window to apply to your FFT input signal:

• Hanning — window for making accurate frequency measurements or for

resolving two frequencies that are close together.

• Flat Top — window for making accurate amplitude measurements of

frequency peaks.

• Rectangular — good frequency resolution and amplitude accuracy, but use

only where there will be no leakage effects. Use on self-windowing waveforms such as pseudo-random noise, impulses, sine bursts, and decaying sinusoids.

• Blackman Harris — window reduces time resolution compared to a

rectangular window, but improves the capacity to detect smaller impulses due to lower secondary lobes.

• Vertical Units — lets you select Decibels or V RMS as the units for the FFT

vertical scale.

• Auto Setup — sets the frequency Span and Center to values that will cause

the entire available spectrum to be displayed. The maximum available frequency is half the FFT sample rate, which is a function of the time per division setting. The FFT resolution is the quotient of the sampling rate and the number of FFT points (f

above the softkeys.

/N). The current FFT Resolution is displayed

84 Keysight InfiniiVision 3000 X-Series Oscilloscopes User's Guide

Math Waveforms 4

NOTE

Scale and offset considerations

If you do not manually change the FFT scale or offset settings, when you turn the horizontal scale knob, the span and center frequency settings will automatically change to allow optimum viewing of the full spectrum.

If you do manually set scale or offset, turning the horizontal scale knob will not change the span or center frequency settings, allowing you see better detail around a specific frequency.

Pressing the FFT Auto Setup softkey will automatically rescale the waveform and span and center will again automatically track the horizontal scale setting.

3 To make cursor measurements, press the [Cursors] key and set the Source

softkey to Math: f(t).

Use the X1 and X2 cursors to measure frequency values and difference between two frequency values (ΔX). Use the Y1 and Y2 cursors to measure amplitude in dB and difference in amplitude (ΔY).

4 To make other measurements, press the [Meas] key and set the Source softkey to

Math: f(t).

You can make peak-to-peak, maximum, minimum, and average dB measurements on the FFT waveform. You can also find the frequency value at the first occurrence of the waveform maximum by using the X at Max Y measurement.

The following FFT spectrum was obtained by connecting a 4 V, 75 kHz square wave to channel 1. Set the horizontal scale to 50 µs/div, vertical sensitivity to 1 V/div, Units/div to 20 dBV, Offset to -60.0 dBV, Center frequency to 250 kHz, frequency Span to 500 kHz, and window to Hanning.

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4 Math Waveforms

See Also • "To perform transforms or filters on an arithmetic operation" on page 75

• "FFT Measurement Hints" on page 86

• "FFT Units" on page 88

• "FFT DC Value" on page 88

• "FFT Aliasing" on page 88

• "FFT Spectral Leakage" on page 89

• "Units for Math Waveforms" on page 75

FFT Measurement Hints

The number of points acquired for the FFT record can be up to 65,536, and when frequency span is at maximum, all points are displayed. Once the FFT spectrum is displayed, the frequency span and center frequency controls are used much like the controls of a spectrum analyzer to examine the frequency of interest in greater detail. Place the desired part of the waveform at the center of the screen and decrease frequency span to increase the display resolution. As frequency span is decreased, the number of points shown is reduced, and the display is magnified.

While the FFT spectrum is displayed, use the [Math] and [Cursors] keys to switch between measurement functions and frequency domain controls in FFT Menu.

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Math Waveforms 4

NOTE

FFT Resolution

The FFT resolution is the quotient of the sampling rate and the number of FFT points (fS/N). With a fixed number of FFT points (up to 65,536), the lower the sampling rate, the better the resolution.

Decreasing the effective sampling rate by selecting a greater time/div setting will increase the low frequency resolution of the FFT display and also increase the chance that an alias will be displayed. The resolution of the FFT is the effective sample rate divided by the number of points in the FFT. The actual resolution of the display will not be this fine as the shape of the window will be the actual limiting factor in the FFTs ability to resolve two closely space frequencies. A good way to test the ability of the FFT to resolve two closely spaced frequencies is to examine the sidebands of an amplitude modulated sine wave.

For the best vertical accuracy on peak measurements:

• Make sure the probe attenuation is set correctly. The probe attenuation is set from the Channel Menu if the operand is a channel.

• Set the source sensitivity so that the input signal is near full screen, but not clipped.

• Use the Flat Top window.

• Set the FFT sensitivity to a sensitive range, such as 2 dB/division.

For best frequency accuracy on peaks:

• Use the Hanning window.

• Use Cursors to place an X cursor on the frequency of interest.

• Adjust frequency span for better cursor placement.

• Return to the Cursors Menu to fine tune the X cursor.

For more information on the use of FFTs please refer to Keysight Application Note 243, The Fundamentals of Signal Analysis at

http://literature.cdn.keysight.com/litweb/pdf/5952-8898E.pdf. Additional

information can be obtained from Chapter 4 of the book Spectrum and Network Measurements by Robert A. Witte.

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4 Math Waveforms

NOTE

FFT Units

0 dBV is the amplitude of a 1 Vrms sinusoid. When the FFT source is channel 1 or channel 2 (or channel 3 or 4 on 4-channel models), FFT units will be displayed in dBV when channel units is set to Volts and channel impedance is set to 1 MΩ.

FFT units will be displayed in dBm when channel units is set to Volts and channel impedance is set to 50Ω.

FFT units will be displayed as dB for all other FFT sources or when a source channel's units has been set to Amps.

FFT DC Value

The FFT computation produces a DC value that is incorrect. It does not take the offset at center screen into account. The DC value is not corrected in order to accurately represent frequency components near DC.

FFT Aliasing

When using FFTs, it is important to be aware of frequency aliasing. This requires that the operator have some knowledge as to what the frequency domain should contain, and also consider the sampling rate, frequency span, and oscilloscope vertical bandwidth when making FFT measurements. The FFT resolution (the quotient of the sampling rate and the number of FFT points) is displayed directly above the softkeys when the FFT Menu is displayed.

Nyquist Frequency and Aliasing in the Frequency Domain

The Nyquist frequency is the highest frequency that any real-time digitizing oscilloscope can acquire without aliasing. This frequency is half of the sample rate. Frequencies above the Nyquist frequency will be under sampled, which causes aliasing. The Nyquist frequency is also called the folding frequency because aliased frequency components fold back from that frequency when viewing the frequency domain.

Aliasing happens when there are frequency components in the signal higher than half the sample rate. Because the FFT spectrum is limited by this frequency, any higher components are displayed at a lower (aliased) frequency.

88 Keysight InfiniiVision 3000 X-Series Oscilloscopes User's Guide

Math Waveforms 4

The following figure illustrates aliasing. This is the spectrum of a 990 Hz square wave, which has many harmonics. The sample rate is set to 100 kSa/s, and the oscilloscope displays the spectrum. The displayed waveform shows the components of the input signal above the Nyquist frequency to be mirrored (aliased) on the display and reflected off the right edge.

Figure 9 Aliasing

Because the frequency span goes from ≈ 0 to the Nyquist frequency, the best way to prevent aliasing is to make sure that the frequency span is greater than the frequencies of significant energy present in the input signal.

FFT Spectral Leakage

The FFT operation assumes that the time record repeats. Unless there is an integral number of cycles of the sampled waveform in the record, a discontinuity is created at the end of the record. This is referred to as leakage. In order to minimize spectral leakage, windows that approach zero smoothly at the beginning and end of the signal are employed as filters to the FFT. The FFT Menu provides four windows: Hanning, Flat Top, Rectangular, and Blackman-Harris. For more

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4 Math Waveforms

Square Root

information on leakage, see Keysight Application Note 243, The Fundamentals of Signal Analysis at

http://literature.cdn.keysight.com/litweb/pdf/5952-8898E.pdf.

Square root (√) calculates the square root of the selected source.

Where the transform is undefined for a particular input, holes (zero values) appear in the function output.

Figure 10 Example of √ (Square Root)

See Also • "To perform transforms or filters on an arithmetic operation" on page 75

• "Units for Math Waveforms" on page 75

Ax + B

The Ax + B function (available with the advanced math measurements license) lets you apply a gain and offset to an existing input source.

90 Keysight InfiniiVision 3000 X-Series Oscilloscopes User's Guide

Figure 11 Example of Ax + B

Math Waveforms 4

Use the Gain (A) softkey to specify the gain.

Use the Offset (B) softkey to specify the offset.

The Ax + B function differs from the Magnify math visualization function in that the output is likey different than the input.

Square

The square function (available with the advanced math measurements license) calculates the square of the selected source, point by point, and displays the result.

Press the Source softkey to select the signal source.

Absolute Value

The absolute value function (available with the advanced math measurements license) changes negative values in the input to positive values and displays the resulting waveform.

Figure 12 Example of Absolute Value

Common Logarithm

The Common Logarithm (log) function (available with the advanced math measurements license) performs a transform of the input source. Where the transform is undefined for a particular input, holes (zero values) appear in the function output.

See Also • "Natural Logarithm" on page 93

92 Keysight InfiniiVision 3000 X-Series Oscilloscopes User's Guide

Natural Logarithm

The Natural Logarithm (ln) function (available with the advanced math measurements license) performs a transform of the input source. Where the transform is undefined for a particular input, holes (zero values) appear in the function output.

Math Waveforms 4

Figure 13 Example of Natural Logarithm

See Also • "Common Logarithm" on page 92

Exponential

The Exponential (e^x) function (available with the advanced math measurements license) performs a transform of the input source.

See Also • "Base 10 Exponential" on page 93

Base 10 Exponential

The Base 10 Exponential (10^x) function (available with the advanced math measurements license) performs a transform of the input source.

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4 Math Waveforms

Figure 14 Example of Base 10 Exponential

Math Filters

With the advanced math measurements license, you can use math filters to create a waveform that is the result of a high- or low-pass filter on an analog input channel or on the result of an arithmetic operation.

• "High Pass and Low Pass Filter" on page 94

High Pass and Low Pass Filter

The high-pass or low-pass filter functions (available with the advanced math measurements license) apply the filter to the selected source waveform and display the resut in the math waveform.

The high-pass filter is a single-pole high-pass filter.

The low-pass filter is a 4th order Bessel-Thompson filter.

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Math Waveforms 4

NOTE

Use the Bandwidth softkey to select the filter's -3 dB cutoff frequency.

The ratio of the input signal's Nyquist frequency and the selected -3 dB cutoff frequency affects how many points are available in the output, and under some circumstances, there are no points in the output waveform.

Figure 15 Example of Low Pass Filter

Math Visualizations

With the advanced math measurements license, you can apply visualization math functions that give you different ways of viewing captured data and measurement values.

• "Magnify" on page 96

• "Measurement Trend" on page 96

• "Chart Logic Bus Timing" on page 98

• "Chart Logic Bus State" on page 99

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4 Math Waveforms

Magnify

The magnify math function (available with the advanced math measurements license) lets you display an existing input source at different vertical settings to provide more vertical detail.

Figure 16 Example of Magnify

Measurement Trend

The measurement trend math function (available with the advanced math measurements license) shows measurement values for a waveform (based on measurement threshold settings) as the waveform progresses across the screen. For every cycle, a measurement is made, and the value is displayed on the screen for the cycle.

96 Keysight InfiniiVision 3000 X-Series Oscilloscopes User's Guide

Figure 17 Example of Measurement Trend

Math Waveforms 4

Use the Type: softkey to select the measurement whose trend you want to look at. You can display trend values for these measurements:

•Average

•RMS - AC

•Ratio

• Period

•Frequency

•+Width

•-Width

• Duty Cycle

•Rise Time

•Fall Time

Use the Thresholds softkey to access the Measurement Threshold Menu. See

"Measurement Thresholds" on page 234.

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4 Math Waveforms

Chart Logic Bus Timing

If a measurement cannot be made for part of a waveform, the trend function output is a hole (that is, no value) until a measurement can be made.

The Chart Logic Bus Timing function (available with the advanced math measurements license) displays bus data values as an analog waveform (like a D/A conversion). When the bus value is transitioning, the function output is the bus's last stable state.

Figure 18 Example of Chart Logic Bus Timing

Use the Units/Code softkey to specify the analog value equivalent of each increment in the bus data value.

Use the 0 Offset softkey to specify the analog value equivalent of a bus data value of zero.

Use the Units softkey to specify the type of values the bus data represents (volts, amps, etc.).

See Also • "Chart Logic Bus State" on page 99

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Chart Logic Bus State

The Chart Logic Bus State function (available with the advanced math measurements license) displays bus data values, sampled on a clock signal's edge, as an analog waveform (like a D/A conversion).

Math Waveforms 4

Figure 19 Example of Chart Logic Bus State

Use the Clock softkey to select the clock signal.

Use the Slope softkey to select the edge of the clock signal to be used.

Use the More Chart softkey to open a submenu for specifying the analog value equivalent of each bus value increment, the analog equivalent of a zero bus value, and the type of values the charted bus data represents (volts, amps, etc.).

Use the Units/Code softkey to specify the analog value equivalent of each increment in the bus data value.

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4 Math Waveforms

See Also • "Chart Logic Bus Timing" on page 98

Use the 0 Offset softkey to specify the analog value equivalent of a bus data value of zero.

Use the Units softkey to specify the type of values the bus data represents (volts, amps, etc.).

100 Keysight InfiniiVision 3000 X-Series Oscilloscopes User's Guide

Keysight MSO-X 3032A, MSO-X 3014A, MSO-X 3054A, MSO-X 3034A, MSO-X 3052A User Manual

Specifications and Main Features

Frequently Asked Questions

User Manual

InfiniiVision 3000 X-Series Oscilloscopes—At a Glance

In This Guide

Contents

1 Getting Started

Inspect the Package Contents

Install the Optional LAN/VGA or GPIB Module

Tilt the Oscilloscope for Easy Viewing

Power-On the Oscilloscope

Connect Probes to the Oscilloscope

Input a Waveform

Recall the Default Oscilloscope Setup

Use Auto Scale

Compensate Passive Probes

Learn the Front Panel Controls and Connectors

Front Panel Overlays for Different Languages

Learn the Rear Panel Connectors

Learn the Oscilloscope Display

Figure 1 Interpreting the oscilloscope display

Access the Built-In Quick Help

2 Horizontal Controls

Figure 2 Horizontal Menu

To adjust the horizontal (time/div) scale

To adjust the horizontal delay (position)

Panning and Zooming Single or Stopped Acquisitions

To change the horizontal time mode (Normal, XY, or Roll)

XY Time Mode

Figure 3 XY time mode signals, centered on display

Figure 4 Phase difference measurements, automatic and using cursors

To display the zoomed time base

To change the horizontal scale knob's coarse/fine adjustment setting

To position the time reference (left, center, right)

Searching for Events

To set up searches

To copy search setups

Navigating the Time Base

To navigate time

To navigate search events

To navigate segments

3 Vertical Controls

To turn waveforms on or off (channel or math)

To adjust the vertical scale

To adjust the vertical position

To specify channel coupling

To specify channel input impedance

To specify bandwidth limiting

To change the vertical scale knob's coarse/fine adjustment setting

To invert a waveform

Setting Analog Channel Probe Options

To specify the channel units

To specify the probe attenuation

To specify the probe skew

To calibrate a probe

4 Math Waveforms

To display math waveforms

To perform transforms or filters on an arithmetic operation

To adjust the math waveform scale and offset

Units for Math Waveforms

Math Operators

Add or Subtract

Figure 5 Example of Subtract Channel 2 from Channel 1

Multiply or Divide

Figure 6 Example of Multiply Channel 1 by Channel 2

Math Transforms

Differentiate

Figure 7 Example of Differentiate Function

Integrate

Figure 8 Integrate and Signal Offset

FFT Measurement

Figure 9 Aliasing

Square Root

Ax + B

Figure 11 Example of Ax + B

Square

Absolute Value

Figure 12 Example of Absolute Value

Common Logarithm