Keysight 87406Q Operating And Service Manual

Keysight 87406Q Low PIM
Coaxial Matrix Switch

Operating and
Service Manual

Keysight 87406Q Operating and Service Manual 1

Notices

CAUTION

WARNING

© Keysight Technologies 2014

No part of this manual may b e reproduced in
any form or by any means (including elec­tronic storage and retrieval or translation
into a foreign language) without prior agree­ment and written consent from Keysight
Technologies as governed by United States
and international copyright laws.

Manual Part Number

87406-80005

Edition

Edition 2, October 2014

Published by Keysight Technologies

Printed in Malaysia

Keysight Technologies Sdn. Bhd.
Phase 3 Bayan Lepas Free Industrial Zone
Bayan Lepas, Penang 11900 Malaysia

Certification

Keysight Technologies certifies that this
product met its published specifications at
the time of shipment from the factory. Key­sight Technologies further certifies that its
calibration measurements are traceable to
the United States National Institute of Stan­dards and Technology (NIST, formerly NBS),
to the extend allowed by the Institute’s cali­bration facility, and to the calibration facili­ties of the other International Standards
Organization members.

Warranty

The material contained in this docu­ment is provided “as is,” and is sub­ject to being changed, without notice,
in future editions. Further, to the max­imum extent permitted by applicable
law, Keysight disclaims all warran­ties, either express or implied, with
regard to this manual and any infor­mation contained herein, including
but not limited to the implied warran­ties of merchantability and fitness for
a particular purpose. Keysight shall
not be liable for errors or for inciden­tal or consequential damages in con­nection with the furnishing, use, or
performance of this document or of
any information contained herein.
Should Keysight and the user have a
separate written agreement with
warranty terms covering the material
in this document that conflict with
these terms, the warranty terms in the
separate agreement shall control.

Technology Licenses

The hardware and/or software described in
this document are furnished under a license
and may be used or copied only in accor­dance with the terms of such license.

Restricted Rights Legend

U.S. Government Restricted Rights. Soft­ware and technical data rights granted to
the federal government include only those
rights customarily provided to end user cus­tomers. Keysight provides this customary
commercial license in Software and techni­cal data pursuant to FAR 12.211 (Technical
Data) and 12.212 (Computer Software) and,
for the Department of Defense, DFARS

252.227-7015 (Technical Data - Commercial
Items) and DFARS 227.7202-3 (Rights in
Commercial Computer Software or Com­puter Software Documentation).

Safety Notices

A CAUTION notice denotes a haz­ard. It calls attention to an operat­ing procedure, practice, or the like
that, if not correctly performed or
adhered to, could result in damage
to the product or loss of important
data. Do not proceed beyond a
CAUTION notice until the indicated
conditions are fully understood and
met.

A WARNING notice denotes a
hazard. It calls attention to an
operating procedure, practice, or
the like that, if not correctly per­formed or adhered to, could result
in personal injury or death. Do not
proceed beyond a WARNING
notice until the indicated condi­tions are fully understood and
met.

2 Keysight 87406Q Operating and Service Manual

WEEE Compliance

This product complies with the WEEE Directive (2002/96/EC)
marking requirements. The affixed label indicates that you must
not discard this electrical/electronic product in domestic household
waste.

Product Category: With reference to the equipment types in the
WEEE Directive Annex I, this product is classed as a "Monitoring
and Control Instrumentation" product.

Do not dispose in domestic household waste.

To return unwanted products, contact your local Keysight office, or
see www.keysight.com for more information.

Keysight 87406Q Operating and Service Manual 3

Contacting Keysight

For more information, please contact your nearest Keysight office.

Americas

Canada
Brazil
Mexico
United States

[phone]
55 11 3351 7010
001 800 254 2440
[phone]

Asia Pacific

Australia
China
Hong Kong
India
Japan
Korea
Malaysia
Singapore
Taiwan
Other AP Countries

1 800 629 485
800 810 0189
800 938 693
1 800 112 929
0120 (421) 345
080 769 0800
1 800 888 848
1 800 375 8100
0800 047 866
(65) 6375 8100

Europe & Middle East

Austria
Belgium
Finland
France
Germany
Ireland
Israel
Italy
Luxembourg
Netherlands
Russia
Spain
Sweden
Switzerland

United Kingdom
For other unlisted countries:

Or, go to www.keysight.com/find/assist for more information.

0800 001122
0800 58580
0800 523252
0805 980333
0800 6270999
1800 832700
1 809 343051
800 599100
[phone]
0800 0233200
8800 5009286
0800 000154
0200 882255
0800 805353
Opt. 1 (DE)
Opt. 2 (FR)
Opt. 3 (IT)
0800 0260637

www.keysight.com/find/contactus

4 Keysight 87406Q Operating and Service Manual

Contents

1 Introduction 7

General Information 8

Key Features 9

2 Switch Configuration 11

General Operation 12

Driving the Switch 14

DC power connection 14
RF path selection 15
Open all RF ports 16

Electronic Position Indicators 18

3 Specifications 19

General Specifications 20

Supplemental specifications (cold switching) 21

Specifications 22

Switch drive specifications 22
RF specifications 23
Environmental specifications 24
Physical specifications 25

Troubleshooting 27

4 Installation and Verification 29

Installation 30

Initial inspection 30

Keysight 87406Q Operating and Service Manual 5

Contents

Operating and Service Instruction 31

Operator’s check 31
Performance test 32
Service instructions 32

6 Keysight 87406Q Operating and Service Manual

Keysight 87406Q Low PIM Coaxial Matrix Switch
Operating and Service Manual

1
Introduction

General Information 8
Key Features 9

This chapter provides an overview of the Keysight 87406Q
Low PIM Coaxial Matrix Switch.

1 Introduction

General Information

The Keysight 87406Q terminated switch provides the life and
reliability required for automated test and measurement and signal
monitoring and routing applications. The switch can be used in
various applications as it is available in multiple frequency ranges,
up to 20 GHz.

Figure 1-1 Keysight 87406Q Low PIM Coaxial Matrix Switch

Innovative design and careful process control create switches that
meet the requirements for highly repeatable switching elements in
test instruments and switching interfaces. The exceptional 0.03 dB
insertion loss repeatability is warranted for 3 million cycles at
25 °C. This reduces sources of random errors in the measurement
path and improves measurement uncertainty. Switch life is a
critical consideration in production test systems, satellite and
antenna monitoring systems, and test instrumentation. The
longevity of these switches increases system uptime and lowers the
cost of ownership by reducing calibration cycles and switch
maintenance.

8 Keysight 87406Q Operating and Service Manual

Key Features

Introduction 1

• 3 x 3, 2 x 4, and 1 x 5 blocking matrix configurations

• Magnetic latching

• Guaranteed repeatability of 0.03 dB up to 3 million cycles,

ensuring accurate system measurements and reducing
calibration intervals

• Excellent isolation, typically > 100 dB at 20 GHz

• PIM level (typical) of –165 dBc

• Opto- electronic indicators and interrupts

• Terminated ports

• TTL/5 V CMOS compatibility (optional)

Keysight 87406Q Operating and Service Manual 9

1 Introduction

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10 Keysight 87406Q Operating and Service Manual

Keysight 87406Q Low PIM Coaxial Matrix Switch
Operating and Service Manual

2
Switch Configuration

General Operation 12
Driving the Switch 14

DC power connection 14
RF path selection 15
Open all RF ports 16

Electronic Position Indicators 18

This chapter provides you information on how to drive the
switch using standard drive and TTL drive. Also included is
the configuration to utilize the function of the position
indicator.

2 Switch Configuration

CAUTION

General Operation

The 87406Q matrix switch consists of six ports which can be
individually connected via internal microwave switches to form an
RF path (see Figure 2- 1). When control inputs are sent to the
switch, the internal diode logic and position sensing circuitry
routes current to the appropriate solenoids to close or open the
microwave switches based on the input state. The position sensing
circuitry utilizes opto- electronic components to determine the
position of the individual internal microwave switches. Each
internal microwave switch has two solenoids: one to select or close
the RF port, and one to unselect or open the RF port. Each
solenoid requires 200 mA at 24 VDC nominal. The position sensing
circuits serve three purposes: to enable solenoids that need to be
switched, to interrupt the solenoid current once the individual
internal microwave switch is closed or opened, and to power the
position indicator circuits. The solenoid current is interrupted
once the switching solenoids are magnetically latched. The drive
current then returns to the standby level that is required by the
opto- electronic components. When a control input is applied, all
RF ports that have no enabling control input are automatically
opened by the internal logic circuitry.

To configure a desired RF path, two ports must be engaged which
requires a control input for each port to be maintained. If the
input is removed from either port, that port will be automatically
opened by the internal logic circuitry. All of the "open" solenoids
are internally connected to pin 16 via diode logic circuitry (Option
161 and T24 only). If no input is present at any of the port select
pins (3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13), all of the RF ports will be opened if pin
16 is selected. Input applied to port select pins (3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13)
while pin 16 is selected will override the signal on pin 16 and
close the respective ports. On standard switches, pin 16 can be
permanently connected to ground to allow the switch to open all
RF ports at power up (assuming no input is present at any of the
port select pins). Not available with Options 100 or T24.

If pin 15 is not grounded, the logic circuit will not operate as expected, and
damage to the switch will occur.

12 Keysight 87406Q Operating and Service Manual

Figure 2-1 Keysight 87406Q block diagram

Switch Configuration 2

Keysight 87406Q Operating and Service Manual 13

2 Switch Configuration

NOTE

CAUTION

NOTE

Driving the Switch

DC power connection

• Connect pin 1 to supply (+20 VDC to +32 VDC)

• Connect pin 15 to chassis ground to enable the electronic

position indicating circuitry and drive logic circuitry.

Pin 15 must always be connected to ground to enable the electronic
position-indicating circuitry and drive logic circuitry.

If pin 15 is not connected to power supply ground, catastrophic failure will
occur.

After the RF path is switched and latched, the drive current is interrupted by the
electronic position-sensing circuitry. Pulsed control is not necessary, but if
implemented, the pulse width must be 15 ms minimum to ensure the switch is
fully latched.

14 Keysight 87406Q Operating and Service Manual

RF path selection

To connect any two RF ports, apply control signal to the
corresponding drive pins as shown below.

Tab le 2-1 Keysight 87406Q RF port drive pin control data (see Figure 3-5 for drive

connection diagrams)

RF port65432

1 3, 13 3, 11 3, 9 3, 7 3, 5

2 5, 13 5, 11 5, 9 5, 7

3 7, 13 7, 11 7, 9

4 9, 13 9, 11

5 11, 13

Switch Configuration 2

Using Table 2- 1, select (close) the desired RF path by connecting
ground (Option 024 and Option 100) or applying TTL "High"
(Option T24) to the corresponding "drive" pins.

Clear (open) RF paths by disconnecting ground (Option 024 and
Option 100) or applying TTL "Low" (Option T24) to the
corresponding "drive" pins.

Example: Configure the RF path from port 2 to port 5

Using the data in Table 2-1, select pins 5 and 11 while ensuring
no other pins are selected.

RF port 123456Open all

Drive pin 3579111316

Option 024, Option 100 U G U U G U X

Option T24, Option 100 L H L L H L X

U = Ungrounded, G = Grounded, L = TTL "Low", H = TTL "High", X = Negligable

[1]

[2]

[2]

Keysight 87406Q Operating and Service Manual 15

2 Switch Configuration

Open all RF ports

[1] "Open All Ports" is not available with Option 100 or Option T24.

[2] "Open all RF Ports" feature is overridden by port selection.

Selected ports will be closed and unselected ports will be
automatically opened by the internal logic circuits when new port
selections are made. After the RF port is switched and
magnetically latched, the solenoid current is interrupted by the
solid state position sensing circuitry. The drive voltage must be
maintained to avoid RF path disconnection by the internal logic.

Unselecting all RF ports and selecting Pin 16 on standard and
Option T24 open all RF ports:

Drive pin 3579111316

Option 024 UUUUUUG

Option T24 LLLLLLH

U = Ungrounded, G = Ground, L = TTL "Low", H = TTL "High"

Selecting an RF port will override the "open all RF ports" for each
selected port. If desired, pin 16 can be wired directly to ground
(Option 024) or TTL "High" (Option T24) to open all RF ports at
power- up.

Break-before-make

Remove the control inputs from the undesired port, and then
select the desired port. The internal logic will unselect the old port
automatically upon application of the new port selection.

16 Keysight 87406Q Operating and Service Manual

Switch Configuration 2

Make-before-break

Select the new RF port while maintaining the control input on the
original ports. Allow 15 ms for the switching action to be
completed, and then unselect the original port; the original port
will be automatically disconnected by the internal logic.

Keysight 87406Q Operating and Service Manual 17

2 Switch Configuration

Electronic Position Indicators

The electronic position indicators consist of optically isolated, solid
state relays which are driven by photo- electric sensors coupled to
the mechanical position of the RF path’s moving elements (see

Figure 2- 2). The circuitry consists of a common which can be

connected to an output corresponding to each RF path. If multiple
RF paths are engaged, the position indicator corresponding to each
closed RF path will be connected to common. The solid state
relays are configured for AC and/or DC operation. See

“Environmental specifications” on page 24. The electronic position

indicators require that the supply (20 to 32 VDC) be connected to
pin 1 and ground connected to pin 15.

Figure 2-2 Pin configuration for indicator function

18 Keysight 87406Q Operating and Service Manual

Keysight 87406Q Low PIM Coaxial Matrix Switch
Operating and Service Manual

3
Specifications

General Specifications 20

Supplemental specifications (cold switching) 21

Specifications 22

Switch drive specifications 22
Environmental specifications 24
Physical specifications 25

Troubleshooting 27

This chapter provides the specifications of the switch.

Specifications describe the warranted performance of the
switch.

Supplemental and typical characteristics are intended to
provide information useful in applying the switch by giving
typical, but not warranted performance parameters.

3 Specifications

General Specifications

Specifications refer to the performance standards or limits against
which the switch is tested.

Typical characteristics are included for additional information only
and they are not specifications. These are denoted as "typical",
"nominal", or “approximate" and are printed in italics.

Maximum power rating

Into internal termination 1 W CW

Into thru path

Hot switching 2 W CW

50 W peak, 10 μs max pulse width, not to exceed

1 W average

100 W peak, 10 μs max pulse width, not to exceed

2 W average

Cold switching See “Supplemental specifications (cold switching)”

Switching time 15 ms maximum

20 Keysight 87406Q Operating and Service Manual

Supplemental specifications (cold switching)

Supplemental characteristics

Insertion loss repeatability
(measured at 25 °C)

0.03 dB

Characteristic impedance 50 Ω

RF connectors SMA (f)

Reference conditions

Specifications 3

• Cold switching only (NO hot switching)

• Ambient temperature of 75 °C or less

• Sea level (0.88 derating at 15,000 feet)

• Load VSWR < 1.2 (see Figure 3- 1 for derating above 1.2 VSWR)

• Power handling at 25 °C is 100 W at 4 GHz

Figure 3-1 Power derating factor vs. VSWR

Keysight 87406Q Operating and Service Manual 21

3 Specifications

Specifications

Switch drive specifications

Parameter Condition Minimum Nominal Maximum Unit

Supply voltage, Vcc 20 24 32 V

Switching current Vcc = 24 VDC 200

Standby current (quiescent) 25 50 mA

Option T24/100

High level input 3 7 V

Low level input 0.8 V

[1]

mA

Maximum high input current Vcc = Max; Vinput = 3.85 VDC 1 1.4 mA

[1] 200 mA is required for each RF port closed or opened. Using “open all ports” (pin 16) will require up to 1200 mA (six ports

times 200 mA each). See “General Operation” on page 12.

Figure 3-2 TTL control voltage states (Option T24)

22 Keysight 87406Q Operating and Service Manual

RF specifications

Parameter Specification

Frequency range DC to 20 GHz

Insertion loss 0.34 dB + 0.033 x frequency (GHz) maximum

Isolation 100 dB minimum to 12 GHz

80 dB minimum from 12 to 15 GHz

70 dB minimum from 15 to 20 GHz

SWR 1.21 maximum from DC to 4 GHz

1.35 maximum from 4 to 10 GHz

1.5 maximum from 10 to 15 GHz

1.7 maximum from 15 to 18 GHz

1.9 maximum from 18 to 20 GHz

Specifications 3

Keysight 87406Q Operating and Service Manual 23

3 Specifications

Environmental specifications

The low PIM switches are designed to fully comply with Keysight’s
product operating environmental specifications.

Parameter Specification

Te m p e r a t u r e

• Operating

• Storage

• Cycling

Humidity

• Operating

• Storage

• Condensation

Shock

• Non-operating:

• Half-sine

• Transportation

• Operating

–25 °C to 75 °C

–55 °C to 85 °C

–50 °C to 150 °C, 10 cycles

40 °C/95% RH, 5 days

65 °C/90% RH, 24 hours

40 °C/95% RH

500 G at 0.5 ms, 3 drops/direction

50 G Vibration: 8 m/s ±10%

50 G at 6 ms, 6 directions

Vibration

• Operating

• Survival

• Random

ESD immunity

• Direct discharge

• Air discharge

RFI Radiated emission per CISPR 11

Magnetic field

• Operating emission

• Operating immunity

7 G rms, 5 to 2000 Hz at 0.25 in p-p

20 G rms, 20 to 2000 Hz at 0.06 in p-p, 4 min/cycle, 4 cycles/axis

7 G rms, 50 to 2000 Hz, 15 min/axis

6 kV (to outer conductor)

15 kV (to outer conductor)

AC magnetic emission (1.88 G rms)

DC magnetic emission (5 G)

30 A/M rms at 47 Hz, 50 Hz, 60 Hz, and 189 Hz

150 A/M rms at 47 Hz and 189 Hz

24 Keysight 87406Q Operating and Service Manual

Physical specifications

Parameter Specification

Dimensions Figure 3-3

Weight 229 gm (0.50 lb)

Specifications 3

Figure 3-3 Product outline

Keysight 87406Q Operating and Service Manual 25

3 Specifications

Figure 3-4 Connector configuration

Figure 3-5 Drive connection diagram

26 Keysight 87406Q Operating and Service Manual

Troubleshooting

Specifications 3

Symptom Probable cause

1. Will not switch • Not connected to supply

• Supply < 20 V

• Supply current too low

• Not connected to ground

• Select line not at ground (std)

• TTL “Low” voltage too high (Option T24)

2. Position indicators do not work • Supply not connected

• Supply < 20 VDC

• Pin 15 not connected to ground

Keysight 87406Q Operating and Service Manual 27

3 Specifications

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28 Keysight 87406Q Operating and Service Manual

Keysight 87406Q Low PIM Coaxial Matrix Switch
Operating and Service Manual

4
Installation and Verification

Installation 30

Initial inspection 30

Operating and Service Instruction 31

Operator’s check 31
Performance test 32
Service instructions 32

This chapter provides you installation information and
simple verification steps of the switch.

4 Installation and Verification

Installation

Initial inspection

1 Inspect the shipping container for damage. If the shipping

2 If the contents are incomplete, there is mechanical damage or

container or cushioning material is damaged, it should be kept
until the contents of the shipment have been checked for
completeness and the instrument has been checked both
mechanically and electrically.

• Check for mechanical damage such as scratches or dents.

• Procedures for checking electrical performance are given

under “Operator’s check” on page 31 or “Performance

test” on page 32.

defect, or the instrument does not pass the electrical
performance test, contact the nearest Keysight Sales and Service
office (refer to “Contacting Keysight” on page 4). Keysight will
arrange for repair or replacement of the damaged or defective
equipment. Keep the shipping materials for the carrier’s
inspection.

3 If you are returning the instrument under warranty or for

service, repackaging the instrument requires original shipping
containers and materials or their equivalents. Keysight can
provide packaging materials identical to the original materials.
Refer to “Contacting Keysight” on page 4 for the Keysight office
nearest to you. Attach a tag indicating the type of service
required, return address, model number, and serial number.
Mark the container FRAGILE to insure careful handling. In any
correspondence, refer to the instrument by its model number
and serial number.

30 Keysight 87406Q Operating and Service Manual

Operating and Service Instruction

CAUTION

NETWORK ANALYZER

C

Keysight Coaxial

Transfer Switch

Port 1 Port 2

POWER SUPPLY

Operator’s check

The operator’s check is supplied to allow the operator to make a
quick check on the switch prior to use or if a failure is suspected.

ESD exceeding the level specified in “Environmental specifications” or RF
power applied is greater than the maximum specified as in “General

Specifications” may cause permanent damage to the device.

Description

The coaxial matrix switch is connected to a network analyzer
configured for the S- parameter measurement. The network
analyzer may be set to sweep over the whole or selected frequency
range of the switch to be verified. The S- parameter measurement
is the best way to determine if the switch is working properly.

Installation and Verification 4

Figure 4-1 Connection to perform quick check

Keysight 87406Q Operating and Service Manual 31

4 Installation and Verification

NOTE

Quick check procedure

1 Connect one port of the switch to Port 1 of the network

2 For standard drive, apply ground to the corresponding “drive”

3 For TTL drive (option T24), apply “High” to the corresponding

4 Perform the S- parameter measurement and verify against

5 Repeat steps 1 to 4 until all paths are measured and verified.

analyzer and one of the outer RF ports to another port of the
network analyzer as illustrated in Figure 4- 1.

pin to close the selected path. Refer to “Driving the Switch” on

page 14.

“drive” pin to close the selected path. Refer to “Driving the

Switch” on page 14.

“Supplemental specifications (cold switching)” on page 21.

Performance test

The coaxial matrix switch can be tested to the accuracy of the
specifications with a network analyzer or equivalent equipment of
suitable accuracy. If a network analyzer is available, test the
instrument using the procedure in the analyzer’s operating manual.

Service instructions

Adjustment and repair

Keysight 87406Q low PIM coaxial matrix switch does not require
internal adjustments and are not recommended for repair.

If any of the low PIM coaxial matrix switches fails within the warranty period, a
new unit will be replaced. Refer to “Replacement units” on page 33 for more
details.

32 Keysight 87406Q Operating and Service Manual

Installation and Verification 4

NOTE

Maintenance

The connectors, particularly the connector faces, must be kept
clean. For instructions on connecting and care of your connectors,
refer to the Microwave Connector Care Quick Reference Card
(08510- 90360).

Replacement units

Replacement unit Part number

Low PIM switch, matrix, DC - 20 GHz, terminated, 24 VDC with
Option 100, T24

Low PIM switch, matrix, DC - 20 GHz, terminated, 24 VDC with
Option 161, 024

Low PIM switch, matrix, DC - 20 GHz, terminated, 24 VDC with
Option 162, T24

Low PIM switch, matrix, DC - 20 GHz, terminated, 24 VDC with
Option 100, T24

87406-60009

87406-60010

87406-60011

87406-60012

The above list of replacement units is not applicable as customer-orderable units.
The list only applies for any low PIM coaxial matrix switch which fails within the
warranty period.

Keysight 87406Q Operating and Service Manual 33

4 Installation and Verification

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34 Keysight 87406Q Operating and Service Manual

This information is subject to change without notice.

© Keysight Technologies 2014

Edition 2, October 2014

*87406-80005*

87406-80005

www.keysight.com